modul daerah bio tahap sukar topic 10 ssijb

8/12/2019 Modul Daerah Bio Tahap Sukar Topic 10 SSIJB

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Essay Question 1

1. Figure 1.1 shows the human circulatory system.

Figure 1.1

(a) Describe the meaning of double circulation based on Figure 7.1. Exlain how thetwo arts of double circulation different from each other. !" mar#s$

Figure 1.%

(b) & and ' in Figure 1.% are cross sections of blood essels from the circulatory system.

omare both blood essels. !* mar#s$


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(c) Figure 1.+ shows the organs and effectors inoled in regulating human blood

ressure.

Figure 1.+

, student has -ust comleted a 1 #m run. /ased on Figure 1.+0 exlain the mechanism

inoled in the regulation of the students blood ressure. !1 mar#s$


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Essay Question "

%. Figure % shows two different systems in the human body.

Figure %

(a) Exlain how both systems comlement each other. !1 mar#s$

(b)


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ANSWERS: Essay =uestion 1

Dissoled substances such as oxygen and nutrients from the blood (circulatory system)

enter body cells through a networ# of caillaries that surround them. !1 mar#$

/lood that enters the caillaries is under high ressure0 and this ressure is sufficient tocause the fluid to lea# continuously from the blood lasma into the saces between the

body cells. !1 mar#$

3his fluid is #nown as the interstitial fluid. !1 mar#$ >utrients such as glucose and amino acids together with oxygen diffuse out of the blood

in the caillaries into the interstitial fluid0 and from there into the body cells. !1 mar#$

6aste roducts such as urea and carbon dioxide formed in the body cells diffuse out

into the interstitial fluid0 and from there diffuse into the blood in the caillaries.!1

mar#$

,t the enous end of the caillary networ#0 most of the interstitial fluid is reabsorbed

into the caillaries. !1 mar#$ ;oweer0 about 1?@ of the fluid still remains in sace between cells. !1 mar#$

3his fluid must be returned to the circulatory system. 3his is done through thelymhatic system. !1 mar#$

3he lymhatic system comliments the function of the circulatory system by collecting

most of the excess interstitial fluid from the saces between the cells and returning it tothe circulatory system. !1 mar#$

Ance inside the lymh caillaries0 the collected fluid is #nown as lymh. !1 mar#$

From the lymhatic essels0 lymh eentually asses into either one of two main

channels4 the thoracic duct or the right lymhatic duct. !1 mar#$ 3he thoracic duct emties its lymh into the left subclaian ein and the right lymhatic

duct emties its lymh into the right subclaian ein. 2n this way0 lymh drains bac# into

the blood. !1 mar#$

Total: [1! marks]

, healthy cardioascular system deends on a ersons lifestyle and diet !1 mar#$

, erson who leads a sedentary lifestyle0 lac#s exercise and smo#es a lot is more li#ely

to suffer from diseases related to the cardioascular system. !% mar#s$

, diet rich in animal fats and cholesterol results in high cholesterol leels and increaseddeosition of fats on the walls of the blood essels. !% mar#s$

3he cholesterol or fat deosits may build u on the walls of the coronary arteries0

narrowing the arteries. 3his condition is #nown as atherosclerosis. !% mar#s$ , bloc#age in the artery may lead to a heart attac#. !1 mar#$

3o reduce the ris# of cardioascular diseases0 one has to restrict the inta#e of animal

fats and cholesterol0 aoid excessie weight gain0 refrain from smo#ing and exerciseregularly. !% mar#s$

Total: [1! marks]


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Structure# Question 1

1. ame the substances that are in-ected into indiiduals & and '. !% mar#s$

BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB


(c) tate the difference between the contents of the substances stated in (b) (ii).

!% mar#s$




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(d) 2ndicate with arrows on both grahs the oints at which the second in-ections are.

!% mar#s$

(e) 6hy is a second in-ection reCuired by indiidual & !% mar#s$



(a) 3he immunity acCuired by indiidual & is immediate but temorary. 3he immunity

acCuired by indiidual ' is slow but ermanent.

(b) (i) 2ndiidual & acCuires artificial assie immunity. 2ndiidual ' acCuiresartificial actie immunity.

(ii) 2ndiidual & is in-ected with an antiserum.2ndiidual ' is in-ected with a accine.

(iii) ,n antiserum is a serum which contains secific antibodies against a disease.

, accine is a rearation of wea#ened0 dead or non irulent forms of a athogenthat is no longer harmful to a erson who receies it. 6hen in-ected0 it actiates

the body to roduce antibodies.

() (i)

(a) oncentration of antibodies in indiidual & (b) oncentration of antibodies in indiidual '

(ii) 3o increase antibody roduction to a leel of immunity that rotects the erson

against the diseases.

modul daerah bio tahap sukar topic 10 ssijb

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