laporan observasi ok

8/16/2019 Laporan Observasi Ok

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LAPORAN OBSERVASI LAPANGAN

TEKNLOGI ALAT BERAT

“Wheel loader, Excavator, Bulldozer


2/14

BAB I

PEN!A"#L#AN

A. Latar Belakang

$el%hat&a'%( )e*at(+a)er'e&a(-a( te'(olo-%%(du*tr%de.a*a %(%, *a&)a%

*aat%(%'eutuha( a'a( alat / alat erat*e&a'%( &e(%(-'atu(tu'&e(-a(-'at da(

&e(-a(-'ut ara(-0ara(- atau &ater%al, &e(--al% )er&u'aa( ta(ah, da( &e&adat'a(

)er&u'aa( ta(ah+a(- d%utuh'a( &a(u*%a de&% 'ela(cara( )ro*e*'er1a dala&areal

)e(-a(-'ata( *e)ert% )erta&a(-a( )a*%r, 'oral, )e(-u&)ul atu ara atau daerah

)erta&a(-a(2 #(tu'&e&e(uh% *e-ala 'eutuha(ter*eutd%utuh'a(ada(+a *euah alat

erat2 !ala&hal%(% alat erat +a(- d%-u(a'a( +a%tu 3 .heel loader, ulldozer da(

excavator2 Wheel loader adalah alat erat +a(- d% er4u(-*% *ea-a% )e&%(dah &ater%al

atau )e(-a(-'at &ater%al2 Wheel loader d% %(do(e*%a *er%(- d%'e(al de(-a( loader, +a(-

art%(+a *ea-a% )e(-a(-'at ea(22 Excavator adalah alat erat +a(- er4u(-*% *ea-a%

)e(--al%, )e(-a(-'ut, da( )e&%(dah &ater%al2

!e(-a( ada(+a alat %(% &a'a da)at &e(-ura(-% )e&a'a%a( te(a-a &a(u*%a

da(&e(-he&at1a&'er1a *erta da)at &e&a(tu )e'er1aa( +a(- le%h

erat2#(tu'&e&a(tu)ro*e*'er1a dar%'et%-a alat erat tad% &ula%dar%

)e(-a(-'ata(,)e&%(daha(da()e(uru(a(ea( 5&ater%al6, )e(--al%a(, da( )e&adata(

)er&u'aa( ta(ah&a'a &a*%(- / &a*%(- 'et%-a alat erat ter*eut &e&)u(+a% 'o&)o(e(

/ 'o&)o(e( uta&a +a(- &e&a(tu dala& )e'er1aa(2 Wheel loader &e&)u(+a% uc'et

+a(- er4u(-*% *ea-a% )e&%(dah &ater%al atau )e(-a(-'at &ater%al2 Bulldozer adalah

alat +a(- d%-u(a'a( u(tu' &e(doro(- e(da +a(- &e(-ha&at )ada )ro*e* )e(er1aa(

1la( atau )e&u'aa( laha(2

B. Rumusan Masalah La)ora( o*erva*% la)a(-a( %(% a'a( &e&aha* te(ta(- 3

72 Pe(-ert%a( .heel loader

82 Ko&)o(e( / 'o&)o(e( atau a-%a( / a-%a( .heel loader

92 Pe(-ert%a( excavator

:2 Ko&)o(e( / 'o&)o(e( atau a-%a( / a-%a( excavator

;2 Pe(-ert%a( ulldozer


3/14

82 $e(1ela*'a( 'o&)o(e( / 'o&)o(e( atau a-%a( 0 a-%a( .heel loader

92 $e(1ela*'a( te(ta(- )e(-ert%a( excavator

:2 $e(1ela*'a( 'o&)o(e( / 'o&)o(e( atau a-%a( / a-%a( excavator

;2 $e(1ela*'a( te(ta(- )e(-ert%a( uldozer

$e(1ela*'a( 'o&)o(e( / 'o&)o(e( atau a-%a( / a-%a( ulldozer

BAB II

PE$BA"ASAN

72 W"EEL LOA!ER


4/14

Wheel loader adalah alat erat +a(- d% er4u(-*% *ea-a% )e&%(dah &ater%al

atau )e(-a(-'at &ater%al2 Wheel loader d% %(do(e*%a *er%(- d%'e(al de(-a( loader,

+a(- art%(+a *ea-a% )e(-a(-'at ea(2 Wheel loader &e&%l%'% uc'et +a(- da)at

d% )er-u(a'a( dala& &e(-a(-'at &eter%al2 Be*ar atau 'ec%l(+a .heel loader a'a(

&e(e(tu'a( e*ar atau 'ec%l(+a ea( +a(- &a&)u d% a(-'at oleh *euah .heel

loader2 Se)ert% -a&ar d%a.ah %(%3

Loader er-era' de(-a( *euah roda +a(- da)at era)l%'a*% )ada l%(ta*a( )adat atau

l%(ta*a( l%c%(2 #(tu' &e(du'u(- &o%l%ta*(+a dala& &e(-a(-'at ea(, loader 1u-a

&e&%l%'% *%*te& )e(-era' : roda 5: .heel dr%ve62 !e(-a( *%*te& )e(-era' %(% *euah

loader da)at er-era' d% era-a% l%(ta*a(2 !ala& *euah de*a%( *euah loader 'euta&aa(

u(tu' &e(da)at'a( )rodu't%4%ta* t%(--% adalah 'e&a&)ua( 5'ece)ata(6 *euah loader

dala& &e(-a(-'at ea(2 Kece)ata( *euah loader dala& &e(-a(-'at ea( a'a(

&e(e(tu'a( cycle time 5.a'tu 'er1a62 Se&a'%( *%(-'at cycle time loader dala& e'er1a,

*e&a'%( a-u* loader ter*eut dala& &ela'u'a( )e'er1aa(2Bagian – Bagain Loader

Secara u&u& *euah loader &e&%l%'% a-%a(0a-a%( *ea-a% er%'ut3


5/14

Ketera(-a(3

72 Buc'et

82 "ead la&)

92 =ro(t .heel

:2 Rear .heel

82 Excavator

Excavator adalah alat erat +a(- er4u(-*% *ea-a% )e(-al%, )e(-a('ut, da(

)e&%(dah &ater%al2 !% %(do(e*%a excavator terda)at eera)a &er' d%a(tara(+a Volvo,

Ko&at*u, >ater)%lat, >oelco, "+u(da% da( la%((+a2

'etera(-a( -a&ar3

72 Buc'et

82 Buc'et c+l%(der

92 Ar&

:2 Ar& c+l%(der

;2 Boo&


6/14

Excavator &e&%l%'% eera)a a-%a( uta&a +a(- *a(-at )e(t%(- d%a(tara(+a adalah

*ea-a% er%'ut3

upperstructure

uperstructur


7/14

1. Upper structure

#))er *tructure adalah 'o&)o(e( )ada excavator )ada a-%a( ata*, )e&%*ah

a(tara u))er *tructure da( lo.er *tructure adalah *.%(- -ear2 Ba-%a( u))er *tructure

terda)at ca%(, e(-%(e, &otor *.%(-, oo&, ar& da( uc'et *erta *%l%(der )ada &a*%(-0

&a*%(- attach&e(t2 Se&ua )ro*e* 'er1a )ada excavator d%atur )ada u))er *tructure2

2. Lower structure

Lo.er *tructure adalah a-%a( a.ah excavator +a(- le%h d%'e(al de(-a( %*t%lah

u(dercarr%a-e2 #(dercarr%a-e adalah 'o&)o(e( +a(- d%-u(a'a( u(tu' &ov%(- 51ala(6

)ada excavator2 $aca&0&aca& u(dercarr%a-e d% a-% tera-% ata* cra.ler u(dercarr%a-e

atau *er%(- d%'e(al de(-a( %*t%lah trac' da( .heel u(dercarr%a-e 5u(dercarr%a-e roda62

Pada .heel u(dercarr%a-e, da)at d%art%'a( ah.a u(%t excavator ter*eut d%

-u(a'a( u(tu' &ov%(- dala& .a'tu +a(- la&a, *eda(-'a( )ada cra.ler excavator, u(%t

ter*eut t%da' d% ra(ca(- u(tu' 'e)elua( travel de(-a( 1ara' te&)h terlalu 1auh2 Cara'

te&u)uh +a(- d%re'o&e(dar%'a( )ada cra.ler excavator t%da' le%h dar% ? & da( haru*

erhe(t% u(tu' 'e)erlua( )e(d%(-%(a(2

3. Cabin operator


8/14

>a%( o)erator adalah te&)at erada(+a o)erator u(tu' &e(-o)era*%'a(

excavator de&% 'e)e(t%(-a( 'er1a2

Pada te'(olo-% teraru excavator ca%( d%uat *e(+a&a( &u(-'%( de(-a( tu1ua(

u(tu' &e&er%'a( 'e(+a&a(a( da( 'ea&a(a( )ada o)erator dala& &ela'u'a( 'er1a,

*eh%(--a )roduct%v%ta* &e(%(-'at2

4. Boom

Ada(+a *u*)e(*% +a(- da)at &e(+ea'a( 4a'tor tere(tu'(+a 'e(+a&a(a( o)erator

*aat &ela'u'a( 'er1a ta()a haru* ter1ad% -etara(0-etara( )ada *aat &ela'u'a( 'er1a2

boom


9/14

Ter*era)(+a -etara( )ada te&)at dudu' o)erator da)at erda&)a' )ada 'o(*e(tra*%

o)erator *aat &e(1ala('a( excavator2

Boo& adalah 'o&)o(e( )ada excavator +a(- a'a( &e(-huu(-'a( Ar& da(

uc'et )ada excavator2 Boo& %a*a(+a d%4u(-*%'a( )ada *aat )e(-a(-'ata( ea(2

Ko&)o(e( oo& )ada excavator &e&%l%'% ea( +a(- *a(-at erat, *eh%(--a )ada )ro*e*

)e(-a(-'ata((+a oo& &e&%l%'% dua *%l%(der u(tu' &e&er%'a( re*)o( da(

&e&)er&udah ter1ad%(+a )e(-a(-'ata(2

5. Arm

Ar& adalah 'o&)o(e( +a(- d% -u(a'a( u(tu' &e&a(tu &e(ar%' &ater%al dala&

&ela'u'a( )e(-a&%la( &ater%al oleh uc'et2 Sela%( %tu ar& )ada excavator 1u-a

er4u(-*% *ea-a% )e&uat &ater%al 'edala& *euah truc' atau du&) truc'2 >e)at atau

la&at(+a 'er1a *euah excavator dala& &ela'u'a( )e&uata( %a*a(+a 1u-a d%te(tu'a(

oleh -era'a( oo&2 Se&a'%( ce)at -era'a( oo& *aat er-era' 'earah 'eluar atau

'edala& &a'a a'a( *e&a'%( ce)at )ro*e* )e&uata( atau )e&%(daha( &ater%al 'edala&

*euah truc'2 Ba-%a( dar% ar& excavator &e&%l%'% *atu *%(-le act%o( *%l%(der d%ata*(+a2

Perhat%'a( a-%a( dar% ar& d% a.ah %(%3

. Bu!ket

Buc'et adalah a-%a( dar% excavator +a(- er4u(-*% *ea-a% )e(-a&%l

&ater%al u(tu' d%)%(dah'a( dar% *atu te&)at 'ete&)at +a(- la%((+a2 #'ura( uc'et

excavator %a*a(+a ter-a(tu(- )ada o)erat%(- .e%-ht da( a)l%'a*% excavator %tu


10/14

*e(d%r%2 Teta)% )ada a)l%'a*%(+a uc'et excavator +a(- d% er%'a( )ar%' *elalu

eru'ura( *ta(dard2 Perhat%'a( a-%a(0a-%a( uc'et d%a.ah %(%3

92 Bulldozer

Bulldozer adalahtra'tor +a(- &e&)u(+a%tra'*%e*ar2 #(%t

%(%da)at&ela'u'a()e'er1aa(&e(--al%, &e(--u*ur,

&erata'a(,&e(ar%'da(da)atd%o)era*%'a()ada&eda( +a(- erlu&)ur, eratu,

eru'%tda( d% daerah +a(- erhuta(2 Pada*aat)e&u'aa(laha()erta&a(-a(

+a(- aru, &a'a u(%t ulldozer %(%lah +a(- )erta&a 'al% d%ter1u('a(u(tu' )ro*e*

la(d clear%(-2


11/14

Pe'er1aa( +a(- d%la'u'a(oleh u(%t ulldozer %(%*e)ert%d%tu(1u''a()ada-a&ar d%

a.ah%(%2

Pada-a&ar*eelah'%r%d%tu(1u''a(, )e'er1aa( u(%t

*aat&ela'u'a()e&oto(-a(ta(ah +a(- &e&)u(+a% *tructure +a(- 'era* 5cutt%(-

hard -rou(d62

Ke&ud%a()ada-a&ar*eelah'a(a(d%tu(1u''a()o*%*%*aat)e'er1aa( doz%(-

5&e(doro(-6 &ater%al ta(ah +a(- a'a(d%)%(dah'a(2

#(tu'-a&ar d% *eelah'%r%, d%tu(1u''a()o*%*% u(%t *aat&ela'u'a( *&ooth%(-

o)erat%o( 5)erataa()er&u'aa(ta(ah62

Ke&ud%a(u(tu'-a&ar'a(a(, d%tu(1u''a()e'er1aa( u(%t

*aat&erooh'a()oho(*aat&ela'*a(a'a( )ro*e* la(d clear%(-2

Na&a0(a&a'o&)o(e( 3


12/14

Ketera(-a(-a&ar 3

72 Blade

82 L%4t c+l%(der

92 Wor' la&)

:2 $u44ler

;2 Preclea(er

a%(

?2 ROPS >a(o)+

@2 =uel ta('

2 R%))er t%lt c+l%(der

72 Sha(' r%))er

772 R%))er l%4t c+l%(der

78A2 R%))er

78B2 Sha(' )rotector

792 Po%(t r%))er

7:2 Ar& r%))er

7;2 =%(al dr%ve

7


13/14

Setelah )ada -a&ar *eelu&(+a '%ta &el%hat leta' 'o&)o(e(, )ada -a&ar d% ata*

%(% d%tu(1u''a( )o*%*% .or' eDu%)&e(t 5)eralata( 'er1a6 u(%t ulldozer2 !% a-%a( de)a(,

terda)at lade +a(- er4u(-*% u(tu' &e(doro(- da( &e&oto(- )er&u'aa( ta(ah2 Ke&ud%a(

d% a-%a( ela'a(- u(%t terda)at r%))er +a(- er4u(-*% u(tu' &e(-ha(cur'a( *tructure

)er&u'aa( ta(ah2

Ke&ud%a( d% a-%a( te(-ah u(%t terda)at 4ra&e te&)at 'edudu'a( trac' *hoe,

'e&ud%a( d% ata* trac' 4ra&e terda)at 'o&)o(e( e(-%(e *ea-a% )e(--era' uta&a u(%t da(

rad%ator +a(- d%-u(a'a( u(tu' &e(d%(-%('a( e(-%(e2

Ke&ud%a( d% ela'a(- e(-%(e, terda)at )o.er tra%( *+*te& +a(- er4u(-*% u(tu'

&e(-atur )er-era'a( u(%t *aat travell%(- da( h+draul%c *+*te& u(tu' &e(-atur )er-era''a(

dar% attach&e(t2 !% ata* )o.er tra%( terda)at ca%( *ea-a% te&)at )e(-o)era*%a( u(%t oleh

o)erator2 !a( d% ata* ca%(, d%)a*a(- ROPS ca((o)+ +a(- d%-u(a'a( u(tu' &el%(du(-%

o)erator )ada *aat u(%t &e(-ala&% %(*%de( ter-ul%(-

BAB III

PEN#T#P

A. "esimpulan

Berda*ar'a( )e&aha*a( d%ata* da)at d%*%&)ul'a( ah.a alat erat &eru)a'a( alat +a(-

*a(-at )e(t%(- dala& )e'er1aa( +a(- erat &%*al(+a, d% )erta&a(-a(, 'ehuta(a(,

'o(tru'*%, )e&a(-u(a(, )e'er1aa( )e&uata( 1ala( da( )e'er1aa( la%( / la%((+a2

Terda)at 9 1e(%* alat erat +a(- er)era( )e(t%(- dala& )e'er1aa( erat +a%tu .heel

loader, ulldozer da( excavator2 Wheel loader adalah alat erat +a(- d% er4u(-*% *ea-a%

)e&%(dah &ater%al atau )e(-a(-'at &ater%al2Excavator adalah alat erat +a(- er4u(-*%

*ea-a% )e(-al%, )e(-a('ut, da( )e&%(dah &ater%al2 Bulldozer adalah alat u(tu'

&e&%(dah'a( &ater%al da( 1u-a u(tu' &e(doro(- &ater%al


14/14

B. #aran

Sea-a% *eora(- &aha*%*.a Oto&ot%4 &a'a )erlu *e'al% &e&)ela1ar% &e(-e(a% alat

erat de(-a( *u(--uh / *u(--uh, *ea alat erat &eru)a'a( a-%a( %l&u dar% oto&ot%42

Tu1ua( &e&)ela1ar% te(ta(- alat erat %(% a-ar er-u(a u(tu' e'er1a d% &a*a +a(- a'a(

data(-, a%' e'er1a d% )eru*ahaa( &au)u( e'er1a *ea-a% )e(-a1ar2

laporan observasi ok

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