DAFTAR ISIDAFTAR ISIiBAB I PENDAHULUAN 1BAB II EMBRIOLOGI .........3BAB III HISTOLOGI .5BAB IV ANATOMI 74.1 GINJAL ......74.2 URETER .....134.3 VESICA URINARIA ..154.4 URETHRA .16BAB V FISIOLOGI .17BAB VI UROLITHIASIS ........206.1 DEFINISI .........................................................................................................206.2 ETIOLOGI ...216.3 JENIS-JENIS BATU ........................................................................................246.4 EPIDEMIOLOGI .296.5 TANDA DAN GEJALA ..306.6 PATOFISIOLOGI 316.7 DIAGNOSIS .336.8 DIAGNOSIS BANDING . 366.9 PENATALAKSANAAN .376.9.1 TERAPI KONSERVATIF 376.9.2 ESWL (Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy) 396.9.3 ENDOUROLOGI ..406.9.4 BEDAH LAPAROSKOPI .426.9.5 BEDAH TERBUKA ..426.9.6 PEMASANGAN STENT ..436.10 KOMPLIKASI 436.11 PENCEGAHAN .456.12 PROGNOSIS .47BAB VII KESIMPULAN .48DAFTAR PUSTAKA 49

i