iii

DAFTAR ISI

Halaman

HALAMAN JUDUL ………………....………………….....……………....... i

HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ………........…………………………….......... ii

DAFTAR ISI …………………...……………………………………............. iii

DAFTAR TABEL ............................................................................................ vi

DAFTAR GAMBAR ....................................................................................... viii

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN .................................................................................... ix

PERNYATAAN ............................................................................................... x

KATA PENGANTAR ...................................................................................... xi

ABSTRAK…………………………………….…………………………....... xiii

BAB I. PENDAHULUAN ………………………...…………………............ 1

A. Latar Belakang……………………...…………………………..... 1

B. Rumusan Masalah .………………….....……………………….... 5

C. Tujuan Penelitian ...……………………....…………………......... 5

D. Manfaat Penelitian………………………....……………..………. 6

E. Keaslian Penelitian…………………………....…………….......... 6

BAB II. TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ……………………….…...………………. 10

A. Telaah Pustaka……………………………………....……………. 10

1. Gambaran Umum Dispepsia ……………………….................. 10

a. Pengertian……………………………………………........... 10

b. Epidemiologi……………………………………………....... 10

c. Jenis………………………………….................................... 11

d. Penyebab ..………………………………………………...... 12

e. Patofisiologi…………………………………….................... 13

f. Psikopatologi ......................................................................... 15

g. Penunjang Diagnostik …………….……...……………........ 17

h. Pengobatan……………………………………………......... 18

iv

2. Faktor-Faktor Risiko Dispepsia ……....……...…………........... 19

a. Stres ......................…………………………….................... 19

b. Pola Makan ………….....………………………................... 21

c. Konsumsi Kopi ……...…..……………………………......... 22

d. Konsumsi Teh …....…………………………………............ 23

e. Merokok ……………....………………………..................... 23

f. Konsumsi Obat Anti Inflamasi Non Steroid (AINS) ……… 24

g. Konsumsi Alkohol ………………………………................. 25

h. Umur ……….......................…………….............................. 25

i. Jenis Kelamin ........................................................................ 26

B. Landasan Teori …………………...……….......................…........ 26

C. Kerangka Teori ..................………………………........................ 28

D. Kerangka Konsep .......................................................................... 29

E. Hipotesis …………………............................……........................ 29

BAB III METODE PENELITIAN ……...….…...……..…………………...... 30

A. Jenis dan Rancangan Penelitian ......…….………………...…… 30

B. Subyek Penelitian …....……………....………………………… 31

1. Batasan Populasi ……………….…....…………………….. 31

2. Sampel .......…………………………...……………………. 31

3. Kriteria Inklusi dan Eksklusi …………...………………….. 32

C. Cara Pengambilan Sampel ......………………......…………….. 33

D. Variabel Penelitian ………………………….............................. 34

E. Definisi Operasional Variabel……………….....……....………. 34

F. Instrumen Penelitian………….....………………………....…… 37

G. Cara Analisa Data………………………...………………....….. 39

H. Etika Penelitian………………….……………………………... 40

BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN ...................................................................... 42

A. Hasil Penelitian ........................................................................... 42

B. Pembahasan ................................................................................ 64

v

BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ......................................................... 72

A. Kesimpulan ................................................................................. 72

B. Saran ........................................................................................... 72

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

LAMPIRAN