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    HBMT4303

    FACULTY OF EDUCATION AND LANGUAGES

    SEPTEMBER 2012

    HBMT4303

    TEACHING MATHEMATICS IN FORM FIVE

     

    MATRICULATION NO: 810610146336002

    IDENTITY CARD NO. : 810610146336

    TELEPHONE NO. : 0138706454

    E-MAIL : n!"#$%&'#n()"#%*+,"

    LEARNING CENTRE : IPGM -#"./ Tn)/ A"./#n A&'#n

     

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    INTRODUCTION

    R# & ,$#n) % #n %".!#n ,n,. %n ,#*,/*/+ I #..*%,#%n ,! #!%/ &%* %n !#* *%&

    %/#%n+ I #" #! !/%! #!,$ #n !# # *# #!%,* &!" %&&!n /!, n $

    #,$%n) & !# & ,$#n) #n /""#!% $ #..!#,$ / %n $ #!%,*+ I #* n .*#%n $

    "#n%n) & average rate of change9 instantaneous rate of change9 #n relative rate of change+

     In $% #%)n"n I $# .!.#! # & /%#:* #,$%n) #n *#!n%n) "#!%#* &! F!" 5

    "#$"#%, ,*# : / %n!/, $ ,n,. & !# & ,$#n)9 # ** # #,$ $

    #..*%,#%n & !# & ,$#n) %n #!%/ &%* %n !#* *%& %/#%n+ T$ "#!%#* /* ,n% & 

    #,$%n) #%9 #n #".* & #,%%% %n $%,$ /n %n )!/. ,#n .#!%,%.# /%n) $

    "#!%#*

    T$ #* !/%! / .!.#! # *n .*#n &! # %n %n #,$%n) $ .%, & !# & ,$#n)

    %n $%,$ I /* / .#! ! #** & $ "#!%#* I $# .!.#!+ I $# $#! "; *n .*#n %$ #n

    .!%n, F!" 5 "#$"#%, #,$! ) $ &:#, &!" $"+

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    SUMMARY OF APPROACH IN TEACHING RATE OF CHANGE

    C#*,/*/ % $ /: #n $ #!%/ #..*%,#%n & $% ,n,.+ Nn? S,n

    L# & "%n % # #"n #:/ # !# & ,$#n)@ % #; $# $ &!, #,%n) n # :;

    /#* $ "# & $ :; "/*%.*% :; $ #,,*!#%n & $ :; "%n@ $n $

    &!, % nn9 $ *# :," # #"n #:/ #,,*!#%n9 !# & ,$#n) & .

    ,".#! %"+ T$ %ffi,/*; n .!%%n) # /n n%%n & $# *,#* !# & 

    ,$#n) !#**; #9 "# C#*,/*/ : $/)$ # /n/n :/ )%%n) ,!!, !/*9

     .!$#. :,#/ !!! ,""% ! ff %n) #,$ $!F!#,%n9 !#%9 #n

     .!.!%n#*%; #! .%, & "#$"#%, $# #! "#$"#%,#**; !%,$9 ,)n%%*;

    ,".*%,# #n %&&%,/* #,$ ="%$9 20029 .+3>+

    In "#$"#%,9 # rate % # !#% :n "#/!"n %$ %&&!n /n%+1 I& $

    /n% ! /#n%; %n !., & $%,$ "$%n) % ,$#n)%n) % n .,%&%9 //#**; $ !#

    % per unit time+ H!9 # !# & ,$#n) ,#n : .,%&% .! /n% %"9 ! .! /n%

    & *n)$ ! "# ! #n$! /#n%;+ T$ " ,""n ;. & !# % .! /n% %"9

    /,$ #.9 $#! !# #n &*/+ R# $# $# # nn%" n"%n#! %n,*/ ,$#n)

    !#9 *%!#,; !# #n *,!%, &*/+In ,!%:%n) $ /n% & # !#9 $ ! .! % /

    .#!# $ /n% & $ "#/!"n / ,#*,/*# $ !# =&! #".* # $#!

    !# % .! :# .! "%n/>+ A !# &%n /%n) n/":! & $

    #" /n% =/,$ # # !#> ! ,/n =/,$ # *%!#,; !#> %** !/* %n # %"n%n*

    /#n%;9 $%,$ ,#n : .! # # .!,n#) =&! #".*9 $ )*:#* *%!#,; !# %n

    18 # 80> ! &!#,%n ! # # "/*%.*+

    O&n !# % # ;nn;" &  !$;$" ! &!/n,;9   # ,/n .! ,n =%++ H!'> +)+ !#%

    &!/n,% ! $#! !# ! #".* !#+

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ratiohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Measurementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rate_(mathematics)#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rate_(mathematics)#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_ratehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exchange_ratehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exchange_ratehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literacy_ratehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_fluxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_ratehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_ratehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Units_of_measurementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tax_ratehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literacy_ratehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimensionless_quantityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimensionless_quantityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literacy_ratehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fraction_(mathematics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhythmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequencyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hertzhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_frequencieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_frequencieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_ratehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sample_ratehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ratiohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Measurementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rate_(mathematics)#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_ratehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exchange_ratehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exchange_ratehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literacy_ratehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_fluxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_ratehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_ratehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Units_of_measurementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tax_ratehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literacy_ratehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimensionless_quantityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimensionless_quantityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literacy_ratehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fraction_(mathematics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhythmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequencyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hertzhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_frequencieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_frequencieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_ratehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sample_rate

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    A !# & ,$#n) ,#n : &!"#**; &%n %n #;@

    $! f(x) % $ &/n,%n %$ !.,  x ! $ %n!#* &!" a  aJh+ An %n#n#n/ !#

    & ,$#n) % /%#*n # !%#%+

    An #".* ,n!# $ %&&!n, :n $ average #n instantaneous &%n%%n@

    $ . & # ,#! ,#n : ,#*,/*#@

    1+ An #!#) !# ,#n : ,#*,/*# /%n) $ #* %#n, !#** :n a #n b9 %% :;

    $ !#* %"

    2+ An %n#n#n/ !# ,#n : !"%n :; %%n) # ."! +

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derivativehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speedometerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derivativehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speedometer

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    EXPLANATION OF THE MEANINGS OF

    INSTANTANEOUS RATE OF CHANGE, AVERAGE RATE OF CHANGE ,

    AND RELATIVE RATE OF CHANGE.

    T$ . # $%,$ # #!%#:* ,$#n) ! # .,%&%, .!% & %"+ R# & ,$#n) % &n

    / $n .#%n) #:/ ""n/"9 #n % ,#n )n!#**; : .! # # !#% :n # ,$#n) %n

    n #!%#:* !*#% # ,!!.n%n) ,$#n) %n #n$!+ G!#.$%,#**;9 $ !# & ,$#n) % !.!n

     :; $ *. & # *%n+ R# & ,$#n) % &n %**/!# :; $ G! *! *#+ M#n; !#! .#; ,*

    #n%n $ . # $%,$ n #!%#:* ,$#n) !*#% #n$!+ F! #".*9 .%n !#!

    /; $ !*#%n$%. :n $ !# & ,$#n) %n $ .!%, & #n .%n !*#% # "#** ,$#n) %n

    $ .!%, & $ /n!*;%n) #9 nn # #n .%n *#+

    B#%,#**;9 $ !#% & $ ,$#n) %n $ /./ #*/ #n ,$#n) %n $ %n./ #*/ & # &/n,%n

    % ,#** # !# & ,$#n)+ R# & ,$#n) % $ !#% $# $ $ !*#%n$%. :n $

    #!%#:* %n /#%n+ In )n!#*9 $ ,&&%,%n & x % ,#** # $ !# & ,$#n) & #n /#%n+ F! 

    #".*9 %n yK3 xJ49 $ !# & ,$#n) % 3+ 3 % $ ,&&%,%n &  x+ In $% /#%n9 $ ,n#n

    #!%#:* % 4+T$ %.*#,"n %n .%%n % nn # $ !# & ,$#n) %n .%%n+ I& # .#!%,* %

    %n%%#**; # A #n #&! %" % % # $ .%n B9 $n R# & ,$#n) %n .%%n K P#!%,* # P%nBP#!%,* # P%n A T%" T#n &! C$#n) %n P%%n+

    V*,%; % $ . & # .#!%,* ! :

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    S*. K R% & $ /#%n

      R/n & $ /#%n

    S*. K y2 y1

       x2 x1

    T$ &!"/*# &! !# & ,$#n) % )%n # &**@

    R# & ,$#n) & x %$ !.,  y % )%n #

    R# & ,$#n) & y K dx/dy

    T$% % $ !*#%n$%. :n !# & ,$#n) #n *.+

    INSTANTANEOUS RATE OF CHANGE

    In#n#n/ !# & ,$#n) % $ *%"% & $ &/n,%n $# ,!%: $ #!#) !# & ,$#n)+ I %/ ,!%: $ #n :K2 x2J x3 # xK4+

    S*/%n@

    http://math.tutorvista.com/calculus/instantaneous-rate-of-change.htmlhttp://math.tutorvista.com/calculus/instantaneous-rate-of-change.htmlhttp://math.tutorvista.com/calculus/instantaneous-rate-of-change.html

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    F! $ %n#n#n/ !# & ,$#n)9 ,#*,/*# $ &%! !%#% & $ )%n &/n,%n+

     f = x>K4 xJ1

    T$!&!9 &! %n#n#n/ !# & ,$#n) # xK4

     f =4>K4 x4J1K17

    AVERAGE RATE OF CHANGE

    In )"!%,#* ,n,.9 $ !" !# & ,$#n) % $ *. & $ *%n #n =697> % $ ,$#n) %n $ ;,!%n# ! $

    ,$#n) %n $ ,!%n#9$%,$ % #* ,#** # $ *. & $ *%n+

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    A!#) !# & ,$#n) &!"/*# % " K y2 y1 x2 x1 $!9 " % ,#** $ *. & $ *%n #n = x29 y2>+ T$ *. & $ *%n %n $ )!#.$ K " K 7364 K 42 K 2

    Hn,9 $ #!#) !# & ,$#n) & $ *%n #n =697> % 2+

    A!#) R# & C$#n) F!"/*#

    F! #n; .%n = x19 y1> #n = x29 y2> %n $ ,!%n# .*#n9 %& δ % $ ,$#n) %n x #n %& δ; % $

    ,!!.n%n) ,$#n) %n y9 $n $ %&&!n, /%n δyδx K y2 y1 x2 x1 % ,#** $ #!#) !# & 

    ,$#n) & y %$ !.,  x ! $ %n!#* = x19 y1>+ I % #* ,#** # $ !#% & ,$#n) %n ;

    ,!%n# ! $ ,$#n) %n ,!%n#+ ,#n #%*; &%n $ #!#) !# & ,$#n) %$ $ $*.

    & $ #!#) !# & ,$#n) &!"/*#+

    A &/n,%n % n $! $! % # !*#%n$%. :n  x #n y % n # yK f = x>9 $! x % #n

    %n.nn /#n%; #n y # .nn /#n%;+

    RELATIVE RATE OF CHANGE

    T$ !*#% !# & ,$#n) & # &/n,%n f = x> % )%n :; $ !*#%n f = x> f = x>9 $! f = x> % $ &%!

    !%#% & $ &/n,%n+

    S* E#".*

    /%n@ I& f = x>K3 xJ1 % $ &/n,%n+ T$n9 &%n $ !*#% !# & ,$#n) # xK1+

    S*/%n@

    G%n $# f = x>K3 xJ1

     f = x>K3

    T$ !*#% !# & ,$#n) # xK1 K f = x> f = x>

    K 33 xJ1

    K 33Q1J1

    K 34

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    HBMT4303

    TEACHING & LEARNING MATERIAL AND LESSON PLAN

    INVOLVING THE USE OF PREPARED TEACHING AND LEARNING MATERIAL

    Mat L e ar! '!" Goa%(

    R D,!%: !#*!* #..*%,#%n & !# & ,$#n) /%n) !:#* #n )!#.$%,#*

    !.!n#%n9 +)+9 :/%n9 $#%n)9 ,*%n)9 "%n9 ,/!!n9 #! .!/!9

     ../*#%n9 n%!n"n9 !#n.!#%n+

    R D,!%: ,nn,%n :n #!#) !# & ,$#n) #n %n#n#n/ !# & 

    ,$#n) %n ,n+

    Mater'a%(

    R ,$#! .#.! #n "#!!

     ,"./! #n ## .!

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    1.1.1: Revisiting Rates of Change

    Co!(o%'*ate

    De1r'ef 

    )o%e G r o $    D'( $ ( ( 'o!

    S$#! &%n%n) %$ $ ,*#+ A! #n; "%/n!#n%n)+

    G/%%n) /%n@

    R D,!%: $ *, .%n n # ,/! $# $ *. ,#n :! !.!n $

    %n#n#n/ !# & ,$#n) # #n; .%n %n $ %n!#*+

    R H /* ;/ ,$#n) $ %n!#* #!/n #,$ :/n, .!% :! %n&!"#%n #:/ $

    #!#) #n %n#n#n/ !# & ,$#n) & $ :#**

    Pa'r(   Pa'r2Sare: Fra3 er Mo*e%

    A ,#,$ B %n ,".*%n) # F!#;! "* &! #!#) !# & ,$#n)+ B ,#,$

    A %n ,".*%n) F!#;! "* &! %n#n#n/ !# & ,$#n) =BLM 1+1+4>+

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    1.1.1: Revisiting Rates of Change

    25-year Walleye Population

     Year Walleye Population

    0 3000

    1 3400

    2 3720

    3 3976

    4 4181

    5 4345

    6 4476

    7 4581

    8 4665

    9 4732

    10 4786

    11 4829

    12 4863

    13 4890

    14 4912

    15 4930

    16 4944

    17 4955

    18 4964

    19 4971

    20 4977

    21 4982

    22 4986

    23 4989

    24 4991

    25 4993

    Draining Waterfrom a Hot u!

    ime "s# $olume "%#

    0 1600

    10 1344

    20 1111

    30 900

    40 711

    50 544

    60 400

    70 278

    80 178

    90 100

    100 44

    110 11

    120 0

    & 'ish(tory

     A pond was stocked with a type of fish caed !waeye"#The ta$e on the eft %i&es the pop'ation of waeye in thepond fo( the 25 yea(s foowin% the stockin% of the pond"

    2"

    Do)n the Drain

    The p'% is p'ed in a s)a hot t'$" The ta$e onthe (i%ht %i&es the &o')e of wate( in the t'$ f(o)the )o)ent the p'% is p'ed* 'nti it is e)pty"

    (our*e:http+,,www"c ips a hoy"co) ,we $ %( a ph ics ,as 0 963"ht)

    http://www.clipsahoy.com/webgraphics/as0963.htmhttp://www.clipsahoy.com/webgraphics/as0963.htmhttp://www.clipsahoy.com/webgraphics/as0963.htm

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    1.1.1: Revisiting Rates of Change "*ontinue+#

    3"

    ,last -ff 

     A (ocket isa'nched" The%(aph shows itshei%ht a$o&e the%(o'nd f(o) ti)e of a'nchin% to (et'(nto ea(th"

    4"

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    1.1.2: hats the Way the ,all ,oun*es/

    -e&in d(opped a $a and coected the hei%ht .)/ at &a(io's ti)es .s/" A %(aph of thedata he coected is p(o&ided"

    Part &: &verage Rate of Change

    -e&in wants to ook at (ate of chan%e of the hei%ht at &a(io's ti)es" He hopes to

    dete()ine how 'icky the hei%ht was chan%in% at &a(io's ti)es" -e&in fi(st ooks at thea&e(a%e (ate of chan%e fo( specific ti)e inte(&as" o)pete the ta$e with theinfo()ation in the %(aph"

    0nterval Coor+inates of n+ Points  &verage

    Rate of 

     AB

    B1

    12

    23

    34

    45

    5H

    hat do the &a'es fo( a&e(a%e (ate of chan%e te yo' a$o't the path of the $a andthe speed of the $a

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    Part ,: 0nstantaneous Rate of Change

    et* -e&in wants to find a point in each inte(&a whose tan%ent has the sa)einstantaneo's (ate of chan%e as each secant"

    :ketch a c'(&e of $est fit fo( this data in one coo'( and d(aw the secants fo( theinte(&as in anothe( coo'("

    o( each ti)e inte(&a* ocate the point on the %(aph $etween the endpoints whose

    tan%ent appea(s to ha&e the sa)e (ate of chan%e as the a&e(a%e (ate of chan%efo( that inte(&a"

    1" ;n the inte(&a AB the a&e(a%e (ate of chan%e is " The point whose

    tan%ent )atches this (ate of chan%e is . * /" (aw the

    instantaneo's (ate of chan%e at this point* if possi$e"

    2" ;n the inte(&a B* the a&e(a%e (ate of chan%e is " The point that

    )ost cosey )atches this (ate of chan%e is . * /"

    3" ;n the inte(&a * the a&e(a%e (ate of chan%e is " The point that

    )ost cosey )atches this (ate of chan%e is . * /" (aw the

    tan%ent at this point* if possi$e"

    4" ;n the inte(&a * the a&e(a%e (ate of chan%e is " The point that

    )ost cosey )atches this (ate of chan%e is . * /" (aw the

    tan%ent at this point* if possi$e"

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    Ref%et'o! o! a(('"!#e!t

    T$ ,n,. & !# & ,$#n) % .!$#. $ ,n!#* ,n,. %n %&&!n%#*

    ,#*,/*/+ I % ; 3 /n5!03#n5%n) #..!8%"#3%n #n "#8%"%'#3%n "$9 #n

    $ &/n5#"n3#* $!" & ,#*,/*/09 #"n) $! $%n)+ Y 03/5n30

    ,n0%03n3*; $# "%0,n,.3%n0 #:/ !# & ,$#n)+

      M#n; 03/5n30 $# # .! )!#. & $ ,n,. & !# & ,$#n)9 #n n /.

    %n%&;%n) # !# & ,$#n) %$ # *. & # 3#n)n3 *%n ! # ,$! %3$/3  :%n)

    #:* /n5!03#n5 % %n # !#*!* ! #*):!#%, ,n3183+

    S3/51n30 n ,".#!3"n3#*%' $%! n*)9 #n "#; n !#*%' 3$#3

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    $ ,n & $ F/n5#"n3#* T$!" & C#*,/*/0+

    T$! #! 5%&&!n3 n%n 3$#3 %n* !# & ,$#n) & &/n,%n &  @

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    4+ In03#n3#n/0 !# & ,$#n) & & # 9 # # &/n,%n & 8+

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    7T /n5!03#n5 $% ,n,. .!.!*;9 03/5n30 &%! n $# # *% )!#. & 

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    REFERENCES

    Ann9 H#!X B%n9 I!*X D#%9 S.$n =F:!/#!; 29 2005>9 Calculus: Early

    Transcendentals Single and ultivariable =8$ +>9 N Y!@ %*;9 ISBN 780471

    472445

    A.*9 T" M+ =/n 167>9 Calculus! "ol# $: %ne&"ariable Calculus 'ith an

     ntroduction to inear *lgebra9 4 =2n +>9 %*;9 ISBN 780471000051

    A.*9 T" M+ =/n 16>9 Calculus! "ol# +: ulti&"ariable Calculus and inear 

     *lgebra 'ith *pplications9 4 =2n +>9 %*;9 ISBN 780471000075

    C/!#n9 R%,$#!X $n9 F!%' =D,":! 229 18>9 ntroduction to Calculus and  *nalysis! "ol# $9 S.!%n)!V!*#)9 ISBN 783540650584

    E9 H#! =#n/#!; 29 10>9 *n ntroduction to the ,istory of athematics =6$ +>9

    B! C*9 ISBN 78003025584

    L#!n9 RnX H*!9 R:! P+X E#!9 B!/, H+ =F:!/#!; 289 2006>9 Calculus:

     Early Transcendental -unctions =4$ +>9 H/)$n M%&&*%n C".#n;9 ISBN 780618

    606245

    S.%#9 M%,$#* =S.":! 14>9 Calculus  =3! +>9 P/:*%$ ! P!%$9 ISBN 780

    140888

    S#!9 #" =D,":! 249 2002>9 Calculus =5$ +>9 B! C*9 ISBN 780534

    3337

    T$".n9 S%*#n/ P+ =S.":! 89 18>9 Calculus ade Easy =R%9 U.#9

    E.#n +>9 N Y!@ S+ M#!%nZ P!9 ISBN 780312185480 

    $.@+,*%&&n+,"/;[)/%D&%n%%n+.%,A!%,*I309#!%,*I3\

    $.@+%n.%#+,"!"!!#&,$#n)+#.

    $.@"#$+/!%#+,",#*,/*/!#&,$#n)+$"*

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