makalah hidrosefal

7/23/2019 MAKALAH HIDROSEFAL

1/29

DAFTAR ISI

KATA

PENGANTAR.............................................................................................................................i

DAFTAR ISI.............................................................................................................. ii

BAB I PENDAHULUAN............................................................................................. 1

A. LATAR BELAKANG............................................................................................1

B. RUMUSAN MASALAH........................................................................................1

C. TUJUAN............................................................................................................ 1

BAB II PEMBAHASAN...............................................................................................2

LANDASAN TEORI...................................................................................................2

A. DEFINISI...........................................................................................................2

B. ANATOMI DAN

FISIOLOGI...........................................................................................................2

C. ETIOLOGI......................................................................................................... 6

D. TANDA GEJALA.................................................................................................7

E. PATOFISIOLOGI.................................................................................................8

F. FATYHWAY HIDRISEFALUS................................................................................9

G. PEMERIKSAAN PENUNJANG............................................................................10

H. KOMPLIKASI...................................................................................................10

I. PENATALAKSANAAN MEDIS............................................................................10

J. PENCEGAHAN.................................................................................................11

ASUHAN KEPERAWATAN........................................................................................12

A. PENGKAJIAN..................................................................................................12

B. DIAGNOSA KEPERAWATAN..............................................................................17

C. RENCANA INTERVENSI....................................................................................17

BAB IVPENUTUP...................................................................................................26

A. KESIMPULAN..................................................................................................26

B. SARAN........................................................................................................... 26

DAFTAR PUSTAKA.................................................................................................27


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BAB I PENDAHULUAN

A. LATAR BELAKANG

Hidrose!"#s !d!"!$ %e'%#(!& CSS se$i&))! 'e&e(!& *!ri&)!& o+!(. J#'"!$

,!ir!& -is! 'e&,!%!i /0 "i+er -!$(!& !d! s!'%!i 0 "i+er/ se$i&))! +e(!&!& i&+r!(r!&i!"

s!&)!+ +i&))i. Hidrose!"#s seri&) di *#'%!i se-!)!i (e"!i&!& (o&)i&e+!" &!'#& -is!

%#"! o"e$ se-!- %os+&!+!". A&)(! (e*!di!& $idrose!"#s (ir!1(ir! 23 4 5!&) di +e'#i

se*!( "!$ir/ d!& 034 %!d! 2 -#"!& %er+!'!. Fre(#e&si $idrose!"#s i&i #+ero 676333

-!5i/ d!& (ir!1(ir! 64 d!ri se'#! (e"!i&!& (o&)i&e+!". Hidrose!"#s seri&)'e&5e-!-(!& dis+osi! %ers!"i&!&. A%!-i"! $idrose!"#s -er"!&*#+ se+e"!$ "!$ir d!&

+e+!% $id#% !(!& 'e&*!di '!s!"!$ %edi!+ri sosi!". P!sie& $idrose!"#s 'e'er"#(!&

%er!8!+!& ($#s#s d!& -e&!r (!re&! %!d! !&!( 5!&) 'e&)!"!'i $idrose!"#s !d!

(er#s!(!& s!r! 5!&) 'e&i'-#"(!& (e"!i&!& &e#ro"o)is -er#%! )!&))#!& (es!d!r!&

s!'%!i %!d! )!&))#!& %#s!+ 9i+!" d!& resi(o +er*!di de(#-i+#s.

B. RUMUSAN MASALAH

. Dei&isi Hidrose!"#s

6. E+io"o)i Hidrose!"#s

2. T!&d! )e*!"! Hidrose!"#s

:. F!+$8!5 Hidrose!"#s

0. As#$!& Ke%er!8!+!& Hidrose!"#s

C. TUJUAN

. U&+#( 'e&)e+!$#i dei&isi Hidrose!"#s

6. U&+#( 'e&)e+!$#i E+io"o)i Hidrose!"#s

2. U&+#( 'e&)e+!$#i T!&d! Ge*!"! Hidrose!"#s

:. U&+#( 'e&)e+!$#i F!+$8!5 Hidrose!"#s

0. U&+#( 'e&)e+!$#i As#$!& Ke%er!8!+!& Hidrose!"#s

1


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BAB II PEMBAHASAN

LANDASAN TEORI

A. DEFINISI

Hidrose!"#s -er!s!" d!ri (!+! hidro 5!&) -er!r+i !ir d!& chepalon 5!&) -er!r+i

(e%!"!. Hidrose!"#s 'er#%!(!& %e'%#(!& ,!ir!& sere-ros%i&!" ;CSS< se,!r! !(+i

5!&) 'e&5e-!-(!& di"!+!si sis+e' 9e&+ri(e" o+!(/di'!&! +er*!di !(#'#"!si CSS 5!&)

-er"e-i$!& %!d! s!+# !+!# "e-i$ 9e&+ri(e" !+!# r#!&) s#-!r!,$&oid. Ke!d!!& i&i

dise-!-(!& o"e$ (!re&! +erd!%!+ (e+id!( sei'-!&)!& !&+!r! %rod#(si d!& !-sor%si d!ri

CSS.

H5dro,e%$!"#s !d!"!$ !(#'#"!si ,!ir!& ,ere-ros%i&!" d!"!' 9e&+ri(e"

ser!-r!"/r#!&) s#-!,!r$&oid/ !+!# r#!&) s#- d#r!" ;S#ri!di d!& Y#"i!&i/ 633


4/29

Ter"e+!( %!d! die&,e%$!"o&. Di&di&) "!+er!"&5! di-e&+#( o"e$ +$!"!'#s de&)!&

!d$esio i&+er+$!"!'i,! d!& $5%o+$!"!'#s. Re,ess#s o%+i,#s d!& i&di-#"!ris

'e&o&*o" (e !&+erior/ d!& re,ess#s s#%r!%i&e!"is d!& re,ess#s %i&e!"is (e !r!$

(!#d!". Ve&+ri(e" III -er$#-#&)!& de&)!& 9e&+ri(e" IV 'e"!"#i s#!+# "#-!&)

(e,i"/ 5!i+# aquaductus Sylvii ;!?#!d#,+#s ,ere-ri


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,. Ar!,$&oid.

Pe'-e&+#(!& ,!ir!& sere-rosi&!" o"e$ %"e#s ,$oroide#s/ 'er#%!(!& s#!+#

%er+#'-#$!& %e'-#"#$ d!r!$ se%er+i -"#'(o" 5!&) di"!%isi o"e$ se"!%is +i%is se"1

se" e%i+e". P"e#s i&i 'e&*oro( (ed!"!' 1Kor +e'%or!" 9e&+ri (e"!+er!"/ 1-!)i!&

%os+erior 9e&+ri(e" (e12/ 1!+!% 9e&+ri(e (e1:.

C!ir!& sere-ros%i&!" +er#s (e"#!r d!ri %er'#(!!& %"e#s ,$oroide#s/ ,!ir!& i&i

+id!( +e%!+ s!'! !+!# ,!ir!& e+r! se" "!i&&5!. M!"!$!& (o&se&+r!si &!+ri#'&5! >4

"e-i$ +i&))i d!ri%!d! (o&se&+r!si did!"!' e+r! se". Ko&se&+r!si )"#(os! "e-i$

re&d!$ d!& (o&se&+r!si (!"i#' :34 "e-i$ re&d!$. M!(! *e"!s -!$8! ,!ir!& d!ri

%"e#s ,$oroide#s +erse-#+ -#(!& 'er#%!(!& s#!+# i"+r!si (!%i"er +e+!%i 'er#%!(!&

s#!+# se(resi ,$oroide#s.

0. Ko'%osisi C!ir!& Sere-ros%i&!"

!. Pro+ei& 7 6 60 ')33 '" 63 :0 )"

-. G"#(os! 7 03 0 ')33 '" 6/6 2/: ''o""

,. K$"oride 7 63 :3 'e)" 63 23 ''o""

d. Vo"#'e 7 63 :3 '"

e. Te(!&!& 7 >3 3 '' !ir

. F#&)si C!ir!& Cere-ros%i&!"

F#&)si #+!'! ,!ir!& ,ere-ros%i&!" 'e"i&d#&)i o+!( di(!"! (#-!$&5! 5!&) %!d!+.

Bi"! +id!( !d! #&)si i&i/ %#(#"!& !%!%#& di (e%!"! !(!& 'e&5e-!-(!& o+!(

-er%#+!r d!& r#s!( $e-!+. Mes(i%#& de'i(i!& o+!( d!& ,!ir!& ,ere-ros%i&!"

+erse-#+ 'e'%#&5!i -er!+ *e&is 5!&) (ir!1(ir! s!'! se$i&))! o+!( $!&5! +er!%#&)

did!"!' ,!ir!& +erse-#+. O"e$ (!re&! i+# %#(#"!& %!d! (e%!"! 'e&))er!((!& o+!(

se,!r! sere&+!(/ se$i&))! 'e&5e-!-(!& +id!( !d! -!)i!& o+!( 5!&) di#-!$

-e&+#(&5! #&+#( se'e&+!r! 8!(+# o"e$ %#(#"!& +erse-#+. F#&)si ,!ir!&

,ere-ros%i&!" 5!i+# 7

!. U&+#( 'e'%er+!$!&(!& 9o"#'e (o&s+!& did!"!' +#"!&) +e&)(or!(

de&)!& 'e&i&)(!+(!& !+!# 'er#&(!& *#'"!$ ,!ir!& ses#!i de&)!& (e&!i(!&

!+!# %er#&!& d!ri (!&d#&)!& ,r!&i!" "!i&&5!.

-. U&+#( -er+i&d!( se-!)!i -#er 'e"i&d#&)i o+!( d!ri (e*#+!&.

,. Ber#&)si d!"!' %er+#(!r!& +rie&+ !&+!r! %"!s'! d!& (o'%!r+e'e&

se"#"er.

4


6/29

>. K"!sii(!si

K"!sii(!si $5dro,e%$!"#s ,#(#% -er!)!'/ -er)!&+#&) %!d! !(+or 5!&) -er(!i+!&

de&)!&&5!. Beri(#+ i&i ("!sii(!si $5dro,e%$!"#s 5!&) seri&) di*#'%!i di-er-!)!i

-#(# 7

!. Mer#+ )!'-!r!& ("i&i(/ di(e&!" $5dro,e%$!"#s 5!&) '!&ies+ ;o9er

$5dro,e%$!"#s< d!& $5dro,e%$!"#s 5!&) +erse'-#&5i ; o,,#"+ $5dro,e%$!"#s


7/29

r#!&) s#-!r!,$&oid ,o&+o$&5!/ +er*!di -i"! %e&5er!%!& CSS (ed!"!' 9i""i

!r!(&oid!"is +er$!'-!+. C!r! 'e'eri(s!&5! 7 dis#&+i(!& !+ 8!r&! (ed!"!'

9e&+ri(e" "!+er!"/ (e'#di!& di"!(#(!& %#&)si "#'-!". Bi"! di+e'#(!& !+ 8!r&!

d!"!' %#&)si i&i/ '!(! -er!r+i !d! $#-#&)!& !&+!r! 9e&+ri(e" d!& r#!&)!&

s#-!r!,$&oid.

e. Pse#do$5dro,e%$!"#s d!& $5dro,e%$!"#s +e(!&!& &or'!" ;&or'!" %ress#re

$5dro,e%$!"#s


8/29

Perd!r!$!& se-e"#' d!& ses#d!$ "!$ir d!"!' o+!(/ d!%!+ 'e&5e-!-(!& i-rosis

"e%+o'e&i&)e& +er#+!'! %!d! d!er!$ -!s!" o+!(/ se"!i& %e&5#'-!+!& 5!&)

+er*!(di !(i-!+ or)!&is!si d!ri d!r!$ i+# se&diri.

D. TANDA GEJALA

M!&ies+!si ("i&is $5dro,e%$!"#s di-!)i 'e&*!di 6 5!i+# 7 !&!( di-!8!$ #si! 6 +!$#&/

d!& !&!( di!+!s #si! 6 +!$#&. D!& De8!s!.

. H5dro,e%$!"#s di-!8!$ #si! 6 +!$#&

!. Se-e"#' #si! 6 +!$#& 5!&) "e-i$ 'e&o&*o" !d!"!$ %e'-es!r!& (e%!"!.

-. U-#&1#-#& -es!r 'e"e-!r/ +er-! +e)!&)'e&o&*o" d!& +id!( -erde&5#+.

,. D!$i &!'%!( 'e"e-!r d!& (#"i+ (e%!"! +i%is/ +e)!% 'e&)(i"!% de&)!& %e"e-!r!&

9e&!19e&! (#"i+ (e%!"!.

d. T#"!&) +e&)(or!( +i%is de&)!& s#+#r! '!si$ +er-#(! "e-!r ,r!,(ed %o+ si)&

5!(&i -#&5i se%er+i %o+ (e'-!&) 5!&) re+!( %!d! %er(#si.

e. Per#-!$!& %!d! '!+!.

< -o"! '!+! -ero+!si (e-!8!$ o"e( (!re&! !d! +e(!&!& d!& %e&i%is!& +#"!&)

s#%r! or-i+!. S,"er! &!'%!( di!+!s iris/ se$i&))! iris se!(!&1!(!& se%er+i

'!+!$!ri 5!&) !(!& +er-e&!'

6< s+r!-is'#s di9er)e&s

2< &5s+!)'#s:< re"e(s %#%i" "!'-!+

0< !+ro%i N II o"e$ (!re&! (o'%e&si 9e&+ri(e" %!d! ,$i!s'! o%+i(#'

< %!%i" ede'! *!r!&)/ '#&)(i& o"e$ s#+#r! 5!&) '!si$ +er-#(!.

6. H5dro,$e%!"#s %!d! !&!( di!+!s #si! 6 +!$#&.

Y!&) "e-i$ 'e&o&*o" disi&i i!"!$ )e*!"!1)e*!"! %e&i&))i!& +e(!&!& i&+r! (r!&i!"

o"e$ (!re&! %!d! #si! i&i #-#&1#-#& s#d!$ +er+#+#%

2. H5dro,$e%!"#s %!d!De8!s!

Ge*!"! 5!&) %!"i&) seri&) di*#'%!i !d!"!$ &5eri (e%!"!. Se'e&+!r! i+# &))#!&

9is#s/ )!&))#!& 'ori( -er*!"!&/ d!& (e*!&) +er*!di %!d! 2 (!s#s

$5dero,e%$!"#s %!d! #si! de8!s!. Pe'eri(s!!& &e#ro"o)is+ %!d! #'#&5! +id!(

'e&*#(!& (e"!i&!&/ (e,#!"i !d!&5! ede'! %!%i" d!& !+!# %!r!"isis &er9#s

!-d#se&s.

7


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E. PATOFISIOLOGI

Ji(! +erd!%!+ o-s+r#(si %!d! sis+e' 9e&+i(#"er !+!# %!d! r#!&)!& s#-!r!($&oid/

9e&+ri(e" sere-ri 'e"e-!r/ 'e&5e-!-(!& %er'#(!!& 9e&+ri(#"er 'e&5er#+ d!&

'e&5o-e( )!ris e%e&di'!". S#-s+!&si !"-! di-!8!$&5! !(!& 'e&)!"!'i !+roi d!&

+ered#(si '!&*!di %i+! 5!&) +i%is. P!d! s#-s+!&si! )rise! +erd!%!+ %e'e"i$!r!!& 5!&)

-ersi!+ se"e(+i/ se$i&))! 8!"!#%#& 9e&+ri(e" +e"!$ 'e&)!"!'i %e'-es!r!&/

s#-s+!&si! )rise! +id!( 'e&)!"!'i )!&))#!&. Proses di"!+!si i+# d!%!+ 'er#%!(!&

%roses 5!&) +i-!1+i-! ;!(#+< d!& d!%!+ *#)! se"e(+i -er)!&+#&) %!d! (ed#d#(!&

%e&5#'-!+!&. Proses !(#+ i+# 'er#%!(!& (!s#s (e)!8!+!&. P!d! -!5i d!& !&!( (e,i"/

s#+#r! (r!&i!"&5! 'e"i%!+ d!& 'e"e-!r #&+#( 'e&)!(o'od!si %e&i&)(!+!& '!s!

(r!&i!". Ji(! o&+!&e"! !&+erior +id!( +er+#+#%/ '!(! o&+!&e" i&i +id!( !(!&

-er(e'-!&) d!& +er!s! +e)!&) %!d! %er!-!!&. S+e&osis !?#!d#(+#s 'e&5e-!-(!& +i+i(

%e"e-!r!& %!d! 9e&+ri(e" "!+er!" d!& +e&)!$/ %e"e-!r!& i&i 'e&5e-!-(!& (e%!"!

-er-!&+#( ($!s/ 5!i+# d!$i +!'%!( 'e&o&*o" se,!r! do'i&!& ;dominan frontal blow


10/29

F. FATYHWAY HIDROSEFALUS

9

i&e(s &eo%"!s'!a %erd!r!$!&Ke"!i&!& (o&)e&i+!"

Fi-rosis

"e%+o'e&i&)e&s

Ter#+!'! %!d!

d!er!$ -!s!" o+!(

Hidrose!"#s

(o'#&i(!&s

R!d!&)

*!ri&)!& o+!(

. O-s+r#(si s!"!$ s!+#+e'%!+ %e-e&+#(!&;9e&+r.IIIIV

makalah hidrosefal

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