laporan praktikum pengujian logam 1

7/26/2019 Laporan Praktikum Pengujian Logam 1

1/16

LAPORAN PRAKTIKUM

PENGUJIAN PENGERUSAK DAN MICROSTRUKTUR

DISUSUN OLEH :

IMAM FITRIADI

NPM :

13.813.0023

PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK MESIN

FAKULTAS TEKNIK MESIN

UNIVERSITAS MEDAN AREA


2/16

KATA PENGANTAR

Puji syuku !"#u$is u%&!k &'&s k"(&)i&' A$$( S.*.T y+ ,&(& ku&s&-k&"#& ki'& ,&si(

)i"i k"s"(&' ) u,u y+ !j+. S"'& s(/$&&' ) s&$&, !&)& ju#ju#+ ki'& #&i

Mu(&,,&) S.A.* y+ '"$&( ,",&& ki'& k" &$&, y+ !"#u( )"#+ i$,u !"#+"'&(u

)"#+ &(,&' ) k&u#iy& ,&k& s&y& )&!&' ,"#y"$"s&ik L&!/ P&k'iku, P"#+uji

L/+&, i#i.

D&$&, ,"#y"$"s&ik 'u+&s $&!/ i#i- s&y& '"$&( "us&(& s"&ik ,u#+ki# &+&

,"#)&!&' (&si$ y+ &ik )"#+ ,"#++u#&k $i'"&'u ) !"#+"'&(u y+ s&y& !"/$"(

s"$&,& ku$i&(.

P&)& k"s",!&' k&$i i#i s&y& i#+i# ,"#y&,!&ik '"i,& k&si( k"!&)& &!&k I.A,u

Si"+&.MT s"$&ku )/s"# k/)i#&'/ )&$&, P&k'iku, P"#+uji L/+&, i#i ) ju+& &!&k

/y U,/(-ST.MT s"$&ku k"'u& !/+&, s'u)i '"k#ik ,"si# )i U#i"si'&s M") A"&

) ju+& &!&k ) iu )/s"# )i PTKI P"#)i)ik T"k#/$/+i Ki,i& I#)us'i4 s"$&ku

!",i,i#+ !&k'iku,. D '&k $u!& !u$& s&y& u%&!k '"i,& k&si( k"!&)& k")u& /+ 'u&

s&y& y+ '"$&( ,","ik )uku#+ &ik s"%&& ,/&$ ,&u!u# s!ii'u&$. D '",'",

)i 6&ku$'&s '"k#ik ,"si# U#i"si'&s M") A"& y+ 'uu' ,",'u s&y& ,"#y"$"s&ik$&!/ !"#+uji $/+&, i#i.

S&y& ,"#y&)&i &(& !"#u$is $&!/ !&k'iku, !"#+uji $/+&, i#i ,&si( y&k

k"ku+ ) k"s&$&(. Mu)&(5,u)&( 'u+&s !"%+ k/!$i#+ i#i )&!&' ",&&'

&+i s&y& ,&u!u# /+ $&i# /+ $&i# y+ i#+i# ,"#+",+k i$,u !"#+"'&(u )

'"k#/$/+i

M")- 12 7u#i 201

P"#u$is

IMAM FITRIADI

NPM: 13.813.0023


3/16

BAB I

LANDASAN TEORI

1.1 Sifa M!"a#i" L$%a&

Si6&' ,"kik &( &)&$&( : (uu#+ '&& "s!/#s &'&u )"6/,&si &( '"(&)&!

" y+ "k"j&.

Si6&' ,"kik : "k&i' )"#+ k"ku&'- k"k"&s- k"u$"'- ) k"k&ku.

1.2 S'!(( Da# S'ai#

S'"ss 9 '"++ .

S'&i# 9 "++ .

&( )&!&' )i"i )"#+ 3 %&& : '&ik- '"k- +"s" +u#'i#+4.

1.2.1 U)i a'i"

A)&$&( s&$&( s&'u uji s'"ss s'&i# ,"kik y+ "'uju u#'uk ,"#+"'&(ui k"ku&'

&( '"(&)&! +&y& '&ik. D&$&, !"#+uji#y&-&( uji )i'&i s&,!&i !u'us.


4/16

1.2.2 U)i T!"a#

&( uji )i"ik +&y& '"k. Ru,us '"++ ) "++ s&,& )"#+ y+

)i!&k&i !&)& uji '&ik- (y& '&)& " #"+&'i" '"k 4. H&si$ uji &k ,","ik (&+&

#"+&'i".

R!%a#%a# G!(!'

R"++ +"s" )i$&,+k ,"u!&k '+"#.

T$'(i

T/si &)&$&( &i&si )&i +&y& +"s" ,u#i. &( uji )i"ik +&y& !u#'i y+ &k

,"#i,u$k +"&k !u'& !&)& su,u !"#++"&k &'&u ,"si# /.

D!f$'&a(i E*a(i(

"sy& &( ,"#+&$&,i )"6/,&si &'&u "++ "+'u#+ k"!&)& "sy&

'"++. P&)& s"&+i "s& ,"'&$- '"++ ) "++ &)&$&(!/!/si/#&$

)"#+ (uu#+ :


5/16

Dik"#&$ )"#+ +UKUM +OOKE

U#'uk $/+&, (&+& E : -; < 10 MP& S=D 0-> < 10 MP&.

&( )is"u' ,"#+&$&,i DE F O R M AS I E L A S T I S 7ik& '"++ ) "++

"sy& !/!/si/#&$.

D"6/,&si "$&s'is &)&$&( 'i)&k !","#'- &'i#y& jik& " )i$"!&sk ,&k& &(

k",&$i k" "#'uk s",u$&.

D!f$'&a(i E*a(i( N$# Li#!a'

M/)u$us "$&s'isi'&s )i%&i )"#+ ,/)u$us '+"# &'&u ,/)u$us s"%'.


6/16

D&$&, sk&$& &'/,- )"6/,&si "$&s'is &)&$&( !"u&( j&&k '& &'/,. 7&)i "s&

,/)u$us "$&s'isi'&s &)&$&( "sy& '&( &'/,5&'/, y+ "ik&'

P&)& " +"s"- '"++ ) "++ is& )i(uu#+k )"#+ !"s&,&:

= G .

= T"++

= R"++

G = M/)u$us G"s"

Si6&' E$&s'is &(


7/16

7ik& '"++ !&)& su,u ?

5 &&( s ? : !"!j+

5 &&( s @ : !"!"#)"k

5 &&( s y : !"!"#)"k

P")i#+ '&& "++ '"+&k $uus '"(&)&! "++ &ksi&$ )is"u' 'a(i$

,$i(($#- #.

&( is/'/!ik - # i&sy& 9 1=.

M"'&$ ) %&,!u#y&- # 9 0.2; s=) 0.3;M/)u$us +"s" ) ,/)u$us "$&s'ik )i(uu#+k )"#+ ,",&k&i &si/ !/iss/# s:

E = 2 G 1 + # 4

D!f$'&a(i P*a(i(

P&)& k"y&k $/+&,- )"6/,&si "$&s'is (y& '"j&)i s&,!&i "++ 0.00;. 7ik&

&( ")"6/,&si ,"$"&'i &'&s "$&s'is- '"++ 'i)&k $&+i !/!/si/#&$ '"(&)&!

"++. D&"&( i#i )is"u' )&"&( !$&s'is.


8/16

P&)& )&"&( !$&s'is- &( 'i)&k is& k",&$i k" "#'uk s",u$& jik& "

)i$"!&sk.

P&)& 'i#j&u ,ik/ : )"6/,&si !$&s'is ,"#+&ki&'k !u'us#y& ik&' &'/, )"#+

&'/, '"'++y& ) ,","#'uk ik&' y+ &u )"#+

&'/, y+ $&i##y&. 7ik& " )i $"!&sk- &'/, i#i 'i)&k

k",&$i k"ik&' &&$#y&.

Sifa Sifa Ta'i"

L-*- /a# K!"-aa# L-*-

Ti'ik $u$u( '"j&)i !&)& )&"&( )i,& )"6/,&si !$&s'is ,u)&( '"j&)i !&)& $/+&,

+&6ik s5" ""$/k s"%&& "'&(&! s"(i#++& 'i'ik $u$u( )i'"#'uk )&i &&$

!"u&( ku& s5" )&i $i#i" k" $"#+ku#+. Ti'ik i#i )i s"u' &'&s !/!/si/#&$ 'i'ik

! !&)& +&,&4. P&)& k"#y&'y& 'i'ik ! i#i 'i)&k is& )i'"#'uk s"%&& !&s'i.

K"s"!&k&' )i u&' )i,& )i '&ik +&is $uus !&&$"$- )"#+ ku& s5" )"#+

(&+& " 9 0.002. P"!/'/#+ +&is i#i )"#+ ku& s5" )i)"6i#isik s"&+&i

k"ku&' $u$u( ' y.

K!"-aa# Ta'i"

S"'"$&( 'i'ik $u$u(- '"++ '"us #&ik )"#+ "$ju'#y& )"6/,&si !$&s'is s&,!&i

'i'ik ,&ksi,u, ) k",u)i ,"#uu# s&,!&i &k(i#y& !&'&(.

K"ku&' '&ik &)&$&( '"++ ,&ksi,u, !&)& ku& s5". H&$ i#i "(uu#+

)"#+ '"++ ,&ksi,u, y+ is& )i '&( s'uk'u !&)& k/#)isi '&ik


9/16

K!-*!a#M"#+uku )"&j&' )"6/,&si !$&s'is !&)& s&&' !&'&(. &( y+ ,"#+&$&,i s")iki'

&'&u 'i)&k s&,& s"k&$i )"6/,&si !$&s'is )i s"u' &!u(.

&( )i++&! &!u( jik& "++ !&)& s&&' !&'&( ki&5ki& ;.


10/16

Si6&' ,"kik ""&!& $/+&,- ) !&)u

R!(i*i!#!

A)&$&( k&!&si'&s ,&'"i&$ u#'uk ,"#y"&! "#"+i k"'ik& ,"#+&$&,i )"6/,&si

"$&s'is ) k"'ik& " )i$"!&sk- "#"+i i#i ju+& )i$"!&sk.

M$/-*-( '!(i*i!#!- U : &)&$&( "#"+i "++ !"s&'u /$u," y+ )i!"$uk

s"(i#++& ,&'"i&$ ,"#)&!&' '"++ )&i k/#)isi 'i)&k "" k"'i'ik $u$u(.

M&'"i&$ y+ ,",!u#y&i si6&' "si$i"#%" &)&$&( ,&'"i&$ y+ ,",!u#y&i '"++

$u$u( 'i#++i sy 4 ) ,/)u$us "$&s'isi'&s "#)&(. B/#'/( : &$$/y u#'uk !"+&s.

K!a#%%-a# T$-%#!(( .

A)&$&( k",&,!u &( u#'uk ,"#y"&! "#"+i s&,!&i !&'&(.

S&'u k"'++u( 9 s&'u "si$i"#%"

&( u$"' 5C &( '++u(

&( +"'&s 5C &( 'i)&k '++u(


11/16

T!%a#%a# /a# R!%a#%a# S!!#a'#4a

T"++ ) "++ s""#y& )iuku ")&s&k $u&s !"#&,!+

s""#y& !&)& s&&' )i"ik ".

Jika tidak ada perubahan volume :

Ai li = AoLo

T = ( 1 + )

T = ln ( 1 + )

U#'uk ""&!& $/+&, ) !&)u- '"++ s""#y& !&)& ku& s5" !&)&

)&"&( ,u$&i '"j&)i#y& )"6/,&si !$&s'is k" k/#)isi '"j&)i#y& #"%ki#+ !"#+"%i$


12/16

!"#&,!+4 )iu,usk :

T = K T n K , n = Konstan

n < 1Harga n an K !ntuk berbagai paduan

K!"!'a(a# a'/#!((

K"k"&s &)&$&( ,"#+uku k"'&( ,&'"i&$ '"(&)&! )"6/,&si !$&s'is y+

'"$/k&$is&si $"#+ku#+ k"%i$ &'&u +/"s.

M&%&,5 ,&%&, uji k"k"&s :

Uji k"k"&s R/%k"$$

Uji k"k"&s i#"$$

Uji k"k"&s i%k"

Uji k"k"&s K#//!

U)i K!"!'a(a# R$"5!**

M"'/)" y+ !&$i#+ u,u, )i+u#&k k&"#& si,!"$ ) 'i)&k ,"#+("#)&ki

k"&($i k(usus. Di+u#&k k/,i#&si &i&si i#)"#'" ) " u#'uk &( ,"'&$

) %&,!u ,u$&i )&i &( $u#&k s&,!&i k"&s.

I#)"#'" : 5 /$& &j& k"&s

uku 1=1 - 1=8 - 1= - 1=2 i#%i 1-;88 3-1>; -3;0 12->0 ,,4

5 i#' k"u%u'


13/16

H&)#"ss Nu," #/,/ k"k"&s )i'"#'uk /$"( !"")& k")&$&,

!"#"'&si i#)"#'"- )"#+ %&& ,","i " ,i#/ )iiku'i " ,&j/ y+ $"i(

"s&.

")&s&k "s& " ,i#/ ) ,&j/- uji k"k"&s /%k"$$ )i")&k &'&s 2 :

5 /%k"$$

5 /%k"$$ su!"6i%i&$ : u#'uk &( 'i!is

Uji k"k"&s /%k"$$ : 5 " ,i#/ : 10 k+

5 " ,&j/ : 0- 100- 1;0 k+

Uji k"k"&s /%k"$$ su!"6i%i&$ :

5 " ,i#/ : 3 k+

5 " ,&j/ : 1;- 30- ;- k+

U)i K!"!'a(a# B'i#!**

I#)"#'" : 5 /$& &j& k"&s )i&,"'" 10 ,, 0-34

5 Tu#+s'"# %&i)" )i&,"'" 10 ,, 0.34

" : ;00 5 3000 k+- s'"! ;00 k+

A#+k& k"k"&s i#"$$ &)&$&( 6u#+si " ) )i&,"'" $/+ (&si$- )iu,usk:

U)i K!"!'a(a# Mi"'$ K#$$, /a# Vi"!'(

I#)"#'" : i#' !i&,i)

" : 1 5 1000 +

H&si$ '"s' "u!& $"kuk )i!"iks& )"#+ ,ik/sk/!

HK 9 (&)#"ss #u," K#//! KHN4

H 9 (&)#"ss #u," i%k"s HN4

K#//! ) i%k"s )i+u#&k u#'uk uji k"k"&s ,ik/

)&"&( k"%i$ ) s!"si,"#

uji &( +"'&s : k"&,ik.


14/16

Saf!4 Fa$' Fa"$' K!a&a#a#.

P&)& k"#y&'y& &( '"k#ik ,",!u#y&i si6&' ,"kik y+ &i&"$- )is&,!i#+

i'u !&)& &!$ik&si s"i#+ " !&)& &( 'i)&k !&s'i- s"(i#++& !"(i'u#+ '"++

(y& !"#)"k&'.

K&"#& i'u k"$/#++& )is&i# (&us )iu&' u#'uk ,"#%"+&( k"+&+&$ y+ 'i)&k

)i(&&!k- u#'uk i'u )i+u#&k is'i$&( J'"++ &, &'&u J'"++ k"j&.

)i,&:

w = tegangan ker"a

y = tegangan luluhN = #aktor keamananNi&sy& 1-2 S=D -0


15/16


16/16

BAB II

PROSEDUR KERJA

2.1 U)i I&,a

laporan praktikum pengujian logam 1

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