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Ustaz Mohamad Ali

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JudulMENGENAL TASAWUF DAN TAREKAT

PenulisUSTAZ MOHAMAD ALI

© 2004 Hakcipta Terpelihara olehTHINKER’S LIBRARY SDN. BHD.

Diterbitkan olehTHINKER’S LIBRARY SDN. BHD.(Co. No. 110008-D)123, Jalan Jasa Tiga, Taman Jasa, Sungai Tua,68100 Batu Caves, Selangor Darul Ehsan.Tel: 03-6189 7570, 03-6187 1875Fax: 03-6187 8525E-mail: thinkers@tm.net.my

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Kandungan

Kandungan

Mukadimah ........................................................................... xiv

BAB 1MENGENALI TASAWUF .....................................................1

Peringkat Amalan................................................................3Bidayah .......................................................................... 3Mujahadah ..................................................................... 4

Nisbah Tasawuf ...................................................................5Permulaan ...........................................................................7Pengajian Tasawuf .............................................................10

TASAWUF ISLAM YANG BENAR ...............................12Permulaan Tasawuf Islam .................................................12

PERI PENTING TASAWUF ...........................................19Ujian Kebendaan...............................................................22Ilmu Batin .........................................................................24Maksud Ihsan Dan Sempurna ...........................................26Akal Dan Taqwa ...............................................................28Sempurna Menyeluruh ......................................................30

TERAS PERTALIAN IHSAN .........................................32Kaitan Ihsan ......................................................................34Cara Memahami Ihsan ......................................................36Adib Dan Ganjarannya .....................................................39

BAB 2KAEDAH DAN POKOK-POKOK TASAWUFISLAMI .................................................................................41

Kaedah-kaedah Ilmu Tasawuf Islam ................................41

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1. Batasannya ............................................................. 422. Temanya ................................................................. 423. Penyusunnya ........................................................... 424. Pengambilannya ...................................................... 425. Namanya ................................................................ 436. Hukumnya .............................................................. 437. Permasalahannya ..................................................... 438. Nisbahnya (Permulaan Ilmu Itu Dibicarakan) ............. 439. Faedahnya ............................................................... 4410. Keutamaannya ........................................................ 4411. Tujuannya .............................................................. 44

Kesimpulan .......................................................................48Dasar-dasar Tasawuf .........................................................49Syari’at, Hakekat, Dan Tariqah .........................................53Kesimpulan .......................................................................63Para Sufi Berpegang Teguh Kepada Syari’at ......................63Gugurnya Kewajiban (Taklif) Dari Manusia ......................65Kesimpulan .......................................................................66Prinsip-prinsip Amal Di Dalam Tasawuf ...........................66

Bertakwa Kepada Allah. ................................................. 66‘Ubudiyah Nabi saw. .........................................................69Darjat-darjat ‘Ubudiyah: ...................................................70Adab-adab ‘Ubudiyah .......................................................73

1. Adab Di Hadapan Allah ........................................... 732. Merendahkan Diri Dan Merasa Kurang Dari Allah. ... 763. Meminta Kepada Allah Sesuatu Yang Tidak Layak ..... 784. Menampakkan Kesempurnaan ‘Ubudiyah Dengan

Menggugurkan Permintaan, Bahkan SampaiPermintaan Untuk Masuk Ke Surga Dan SelamatDari Neraka............................................................. 83

5. Hendaknya Tidak Membesarkan Amal PerbuatanSendiri Ataupun Ketaatan Sendiri, MelainkanMembesarkan Kurnia Allah, Dan Tidak MembesarkanPenampilan Kekuasaan Dan Kekuatannya. MelainkanMembesarkan Kekuasaan Dan Kekuatan Allah. ......... 89

6. Hendaknya Tidak Mengeluh Terhadap TuhannyaSesama Makhluk Apabila Terjadi Sesuatu YangBuruk, Ditimpa Musibah, Cobaan, Dan Lain-lain. ..... 94

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7. Hendaknya Tidak Melontarkan Perkataan YangArgumentatif Kepada Allah. ..................................... 97

8. Bersyukur Kepada Allah Atas NikmatnyaDi Dalam Semua Keadaan. ....................................... 98

9. Mengagungkan Nama Allah Yang MahaTinggi. .................................................................. 100

10. Menunjukkan ‘Ubudiyah Kepada KeagunganDan Keindahan. .................................................... 100

Kesimpulan .....................................................................108

BAB 3ANTARA PARA FUQAHA' DAN GOLONGANSUFI.....................................................................................109

Pandangan Ibnu Taimiyyah Tentang Walayah(Kewalian) Dan Para Wali ...............................................113Ibnu Taimiyyah Menghargai Syaikh 'Abdul QadirAl Jailani .........................................................................114

BAB 4PEMAHAMAN SUFIYAH ................................................116

Thariq .............................................................................116Salik ................................................................................116Maqam ...........................................................................117Maqamat (Bentuk Jamak Dari Maqam) .........................117Hal ..................................................................................117Ahwal (Bentuk Jamak Dari Hal) .....................................118Pengertian Lain ...............................................................118Khathir ............................................................................120Warid ..............................................................................121Maqamat ........................................................................121

I. As Siraj Ath Thusi ................................................. 121II. Abu Thalib Al Makki ............................................. 122III. As Suhrawardi ....................................................... 122IV. Al Harawi ............................................................. 123V. Ibnu 'Atha' As Sakandari ........................................ 123VI. Imam Al Ghazali ................................................... 123

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BAB 5HIDUP DIHIASI ADAB.................................................... 124

Adab Kepada Allah swt ..................................................124Adab Kepada Nabi ..........................................................126Adab Kepada Ulama/Syeikh ..........................................127Adab Kepada Ibu Bapa ...................................................127Adab Kepada Sesama Insan ............................................128

BAB 6NILAI SEORANG MURSYID .......................................... 129

Istilah Guru Sufi ..............................................................129Mengapa Berguru? ..........................................................130Cabaran Masa Kini .........................................................131Petanda Bukan Seorang Mursyid .....................................133Pengecualian ...................................................................133Bahaya Kepada Tariqah ..................................................135Maksud Tariqah ..............................................................135

BAB 7ERTI ZIKIR DAN KAITANNYA ..................................... 137

Pengamal Zikr .................................................................138Jalan Menuju Allah .........................................................140Fikir Dan Zikir ................................................................142Kesan Zikr ......................................................................143Dalil Dari Sunnah............................................................144Keutamaan Berzikir ........................................................147Manfaat Berzikir .............................................................149Iringan Zikir Dan Selawat ................................................152Syarat Perjalanan.............................................................154Menakluki Rohani ..........................................................156Peraturan Allah swt .........................................................157Pelengkap Zikr ................................................................159

BAB 8SALAM KEDAMAIAN .....................................................161

Punca Keganasan ............................................................162Memelihara Jati Diri .......................................................164

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Menganjurkan Kedamaian ..............................................166Damai Benteng Jiwa .......................................................168Sentiasa Hulurkan Salam ................................................169

BAB 9TARIQAH DALAM ISLAM ............................................. 172

Muqaddimah ..................................................................172Definasi Dan Pengertian Tariqah .....................................173

Tariqah Pada Bahasa................................................... 173Tariqah Pada Istilah .................................................... 173

Penggunaan Kata “Tariqah” Dalam Al-quran..................174Asal Usul Tariqah ...........................................................177Pandangan Para Ulama Mengenai Tariqah ......................179Sejarah Tariqah ...............................................................180Tujuan Dan Pokok Tariqah .............................................182

1. Tazkiyatun Nafs (Penyucian Jiwa)........................... 1822. Taqarrub (Mendekatkan Diri Kepada Allah swt) ....... 1833. Tujuan-tujuan Lain ............................................... 184

Intisari Dalam Tariqah ....................................................1861. Guru Atau Mursyid ............................................... 1862. Murid Atau Salik ................................................... 1883. Talqin Dan Bai’ah ................................................. 1894. Silsilah .................................................................. 190

Tariqah-tariqah Yang Mu’tabarah (Yang DiakuiKebenarannya) ................................................................191

Tariqah Syaziliyyah..................................................... 194Tariqah Qadiriyyah ..................................................... 195Tariqah Rifa’iyyah ...................................................... 197

Kesimpulan .....................................................................198

BAB 10SEJARAH TARIQAH DAN PERKEMBANGANNYADI MASA KINI ..................................................................199

Hakikat Kejadian Manusia ..............................................199Sufi Dan Tasawuf ............................................................204Erti Tariqah .....................................................................211Tujuan Tariqah ................................................................214

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Mursyid Dalam Tariqah ..................................................215Talqin Dan Bai’ah ...........................................................220Adab Murid ....................................................................222Sejarah Tariqah ...............................................................223

BAB 11SEJARAH PENYEBARAN ISLAM DI KEPULAUANMELAYU ............................................................................ 231

Perkembangan Tariqah Di Tanah Melayu .......................232Perkembangan Tariqah Di Masa Kini ..............................237

BAB 12SEJARAH BERDIRINYA PONDOK PESANTRENSURYALAYA ...................................................................... 242

Latar Belakang Berdirinya Pondok PesantrenSuryalaya ........................................................................242Sejarah Datangnya Tariqah Qadiriyyah NaqsyabandiyyahDi Pondok Pesantren Suryalaya .......................................244Tujuan Tariqah Qadiriyyah Naqsyaban-diyyah ...............250Zikrullah Dalam Tariqah Qadiriyyah Naqsyabandiyyah..251Asal-usul Tariqah Qadiriyyah NaqsyabandiyyahDan Perkembangannya ...................................................256

Tariqah Qadiriyyah ..................................................... 256Tariqah Naqsyabandiyah ................................................262Tariqah Qadiriyyah Naqsyabandiyyah ............................265Riwayat Singkat Syeikh Tolhah Bin Tholabuddin ...........267Riwayat Singkat Syekh Abdullah Mubarok Bin NurMuhammad (Abah Sepuh)..............................................269Riwayat Singkat Syeikh Kiyai H Ahmad ShohibulwafaTajul Arifin (Abah Anom) ..............................................270

BAB 13TABARRUK DALAM MENGHAYATI HIDUP ............. 272

Pengertian Tabarruk ........................................................273Dari Segi Bahasa ......................................................... 273Dari Segi Penggunaan .................................................. 273

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Dalil-dalil Wujudnya Penggunaan Istilah BarakahDari Al-quran Dan As-sunnah .........................................274Kata-kata Ulama Mengenai Amalan Tabarruk ................278Jenis-jenis Tabarruk .........................................................280

Pertama: Tabarruk Dengan Sesuatu PeninggalanYang Mulia ................................................................. 280Kedua: Tabarruk Dengan Tempat Ibadah ....................... 282Ketiga: Bertabarruk Dengan Ayat-ayat Al-quran ............. 284Keempat: Bertabarruk Dengan Nama-nama Rasulullahsaw ............................................................................ 285Cerita Bilal Bin Abi Rabbah Bertabarruk DenganNama Rasulullah saw .................................................. 287Kelima : Bertabarruk Dengan Mencium Tangan .............. 287

Kesimpulan .....................................................................288Keenam: Bertabarruk Dengan Bertahnik ........................ 289Keterangan .................................................................. 289

Tabarruk Para Nabi-nabi Sebelum Rasulullah saw ...........290Pertama: Nabi Adam as ................................................ 290Kedua: Nabi Yusuf as ................................................. 291Ketiga: Nabi Zakaria as ................................................ 292Bertabarruk Dengan Peribadi Rasulullah saw ................. 292Pertama: Bertabarruk Dengan Air Wudhu Rasulullahsaw ............................................................................ 293Kedua: Bertabarruk Dengan Rambut Rasulullah saw ...... 294Ketiga: Bertabarruk Dengan Pakaian Rasulullah saw...... 295Keempat: Bertabarruk Dengan Air Kencing Rasulullahsaw ............................................................................ 296Kelima: Bertabarruk Dengan Darah Rasulullah saw ....... 296Keenam: Bertabarruk Dengan Air Peluh Rasulullah saw . 298

Tabarruk Dengan Orang-orang Soleh ...............................298Pertama: Kisah As-syeikh Habib Al-‘Ajami Dan HasanAl-basri ....................................................................... 299Kedua: Kisah Muawiyah Bin Abi Sufyan ...................... 300

Kesimpulan .....................................................................301Keperluan Dan Kepentingan Tabarruk DalamKehidupan .......................................................................302Penghayatan Tabarruk Membentuk Akhlakul

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Karimah ..........................................................................303Cerita-cerita Tentang Tabarruk ........................................305

Pertama: Kisah Tabut .................................................. 305Faedah Tabarruk Dari Kisah Tabut ............................... 307Kedua: Kisah Nabi Yusuf as ........................................ 308Pakatan Menentang Nabi Yusuf as ............................... 309Faedah Tabarruk Dari Kisah Nabi Yusuf as .................. 312

Kisah-kisah Tabarruk Yang Lain .....................................312Pertama: Tabarruknya Uthman Bin Hunaif ................... 313Kedua: Tabarruknya Abdullah Bin Umar ra .................. 315Ketiga: Tabarruknya Imam Malik ra ............................. 316Keempat: Tabarruknya Imam Bukhari ra ....................... 316

Penutup ...........................................................................316

BAB 14MENGENALI WALI-WALI ALLAH DANKARAMAH MEREKA...................................................... 318

PENGERTIAN WALI ...................................................321Dari Segi Bahasa .............................................................321

Siapakah Yang Digelar Wali? ....................................... 322Penggunaan Istilah Wali Dalam Al-quran. .......................322

Dari Segi Penggunaan .................................................. 324Dalil-dalil Wujudnya Wali Allah Dari Al-quran DanAs-sunnah .......................................................................324

Dari Al-quran ............................................................. 324Pengertian Al-busyra (Berita Gembira) ........................... 325

Tanda-tanda Wali Allah ..................................................328Bagaimanakah Seseorang Itu Menjadi Wali Allah ...........336Apakah Seorang Wali Mengetahui Bahawa DirinyaSeorang Wali? .................................................................337Tingkatan Para Wali Allah ..............................................337Pembahagian Wali-wali Allah ..........................................339Cerita Tentang Wali-wali Allah .......................................354Karamah .........................................................................356Pengertian Karamah ........................................................357Penjelasan Tentang Kejadian-kejadian Luar Biasa ...........357

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Perbezaan Antara Karamah Dan Istidraj .........................359Tujuan Karamah .............................................................366Dalil-dalil Wujudnya Karamah........................................366

Dalil Dari Al-quran ..................................................... 366Dari Hadis .................................................................. 369

Antara Karamah Umat Nabi Muhammad saw. ...............372Bagaimana Terjadinya Karamah .....................................373Jenis-jenis Karamah ........................................................374Pembahagian Karamah ...................................................375Contoh-contoh Karamah ................................................376Mengapakah Kita Mesti Mengenali Wali AllahDan Karamah Mereka? ...................................................386Kesimpulan .....................................................................388

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