Definition of Ethics

Ethics is defined as a system or a moral code of a particular person, religion, group or profession or any other social units.

Ethics is sometimes called as moral philosophy.

What is good? What is bad?

Definition of Ethics in Islam

Ilm al-akhlaq ( االخالق (علم Amal salih ( صالح ( عمل Adab (ادب, pl. آداب ), which means

good manners. Purification of the soul ( النفس ( تزكية

or science of self-purification ( علم ( التصوف

وAاه?ا ) س? و?م?ا EسFف? وAاه?ا )و?ن س? و?م?ا EسFف? Fه?م?ه?ا( 91:791:7و?ن ل? Fه?م?ه?ا( ف?أ ل? ف?أ

?قFو?اه?ا ) و?ت ه?ا ?قFو?اه?ا )فMجMور? و?ت ه?ا م?ن( 91:891:8فMجMور? ?ح? ?فFل أ Fم?ن( ق?د ?ح? ?فFل أ Fق?دAاه?ا ) ك Aاه?ا )ز? ك اه?ا( 91:991:9ز? Aد?س م?ن خ?اب? Fاه?ا( و?ق?د Aد?س م?ن خ?اب? Fو?ق?د

((91:1091:10))

By the Soul, and the proportion and By the Soul, and the proportion and order given to it; And its enlightenment order given to it; And its enlightenment

as to its wrong and its right; Truly he as to its wrong and its right; Truly he succeeds that purifies it, And he fails succeeds that purifies it, And he fails

that corrupts it! (al-Shams:7-10)that corrupts it! (al-Shams:7-10)

The Foundation of Ethics in Islam

A. Division of Knowledge1. Knowledge as the Real Knowledge Based on al-Qur’an and the Sunnah of our beloved Prophet Muhammad(SAW)2. Knowledge as Information Other knowledge that is derived not from the two main sources.

In the words of Ibn Khaldun: “It should be known that instruction of children in the Qur’an is a symbol of Islam. Muslims have, and practice, such instruction in all their cities, because it imbues hearts with a firm belief [in Islam] and its articles of faith, which are derived from the verses of the Qur’an and certain Prophetic traditions. The Qur’an has become the basis of instruction, the foundation of all habits that may be acquired later on. The reason for this is that the things one is taught in one’s youth take root more deeply [than anything else]. They are the basis of all later knowledge. The first impression the heart receives is, in a way, the foundation of [all] habits.”

B. The True Servant (‘abd) of Allah SWT

Our beloved Prophet Muhammad (SAW).

Aishah (RA) said, “The character of the Emissarry of God (SAW) was the Qur’an.”

In a hadith, “I was sent only to perfect the noble qualities of character.”

م?ن ?م? ل Fس? أ Mه? و?ل FغMون? ?ب ي sهt الل sينsد Fر? ?ف?غ?ي م?ن أ ?م? ل Fس? أ Mه? و?ل FغMون? ?ب ي sهt الل sينsد Fر? ?ف?غ?ي أ

هvا Fر? و?ك ط?وFعvا sضFر? و?األ sم?او?ات Aالس هvا فsي Fر? و?ك ط?وFعvا sضFر? و?األ sم?او?ات Aالس فsي

ج?عMون? ) FرM ي sهF ?ي sل ج?عMون? )و?إ FرM ي sهF ?ي sل ((3:833:83و?إ

Do they seek for other than the Religion Do they seek for other than the Religion of Allah.-while all creatures in the of Allah.-while all creatures in the

heavens and on earth have, willing or heavens and on earth have, willing or unwilling, bowed to His Will (Accepted unwilling, bowed to His Will (Accepted

Islam), and to Him shall they all be Islam), and to Him shall they all be brought back. (al-Imran:83)brought back. (al-Imran:83)

مsن آد?م? sي ?ن ب مsن �ك? ب ر? ?خ?ذ? أ Fذs مsن و?إ آد?م? sي ?ن ب مsن �ك? ب ر? ?خ?ذ? أ Fذs و?إع?ل?ى FمMه?د?ه Fش? و?أ FمMه? Aت ي ذMر� FمsهsورMهMع?ل?ى ظ FمMه?د?ه Fش? و?أ FمMه? Aت ي ذMر� FمsهsورMهMظ?ل?ى ب F Mوا ق?ال FمM �ك ب sر? ب MتFل?س? أ Fمsه sسMنف? ?ل?ى أ ب F Mوا ق?ال FمM �ك ب sر? ب MتFل?س? أ Fمsه sسMنف? أAا Mن ك Aا sن إ sام?ة? Fقsي ال ?وFم? ي F Mوا ?قMول ت ?ن أ ?ا هsدFن Aا ش? Mن ك Aا sن إ sام?ة? Fقsي ال ?وFم? ي F Mوا ?قMول ت ?ن أ ?ا هsدFن ش?

sين? ) غ?افsل ه?ذ?ا Fين? )ع?نs غ?افsل ه?ذ?ا F7:1727:172ع?ن))

When thy Lord drew forth from the Children of Adam - When thy Lord drew forth from the Children of Adam - from their loins - their descendants, and made them from their loins - their descendants, and made them testify concerning themselves, (saying): "Am I not testify concerning themselves, (saying): "Am I not

your Lord (who cherishes and sustains you)?"- They your Lord (who cherishes and sustains you)?"- They said: "Yea! We do testify!" (This), lest ye should say said: "Yea! We do testify!" (This), lest ye should say

on the Day of Judgment: "Of this we were never on the Day of Judgment: "Of this we were never mindful" (al-A’raf:172)mindful" (al-A’raf:172)

C. Servanthood (عبدالله) To serve Allah SWT by remembering

Him. sون MرMفF ?ك ت ? و?ال لsي F وا MرM ك Fو?اش FمM ك FرM ذFك

? أ sي ون MرM ف?اذFك “Then do ye remember Me; I will

remember you. Be grateful to Me, and reject not Faith.” (al-Baqarah:152)

To serve Him by serving His creatures for His Cause.

?اي? ي Fو?م?ح كsي MسM و?ن sي ?ت ص?ال Aنs إ FلMاي? ق? ي Fو?م?ح كsي MسM و?ن sي ?ت ص?ال Aنs إ FلMق ? ال ؛ ?مsين? Fع?ال ال ب� ر? sهt sل ل sي ? و?م?م?ات ال ؛ ?مsين? Fع?ال ال ب� ر? sهt sل ل sي و?م?م?ات

MلAو? أ F ?ا ?ن و?أ Mت FرsمM أ sك? sذ?ل و?ب Mه? ل رsيك? وAلM ش?? أ F ?ا ?ن و?أ Mت FرsمM أ sك? sذ?ل و?ب Mه? ل رsيك? ش?

؛ sمsين? ل FسMمF ؛ال sمsين? ل FسMمF ال

Say: "Truly, my prayer and my service of Say: "Truly, my prayer and my service of sacrifice, my life and my death, are (all) sacrifice, my life and my death, are (all) for Allah, the Cherisher of the Worlds: for Allah, the Cherisher of the Worlds:

No partner hath He: this am I No partner hath He: this am I commanded, and I am the first of those commanded, and I am the first of those who bow to His will. (al-An’am, 6:162 – who bow to His will. (al-An’am, 6:162 –

163)163)

sض Fر? Fو?األ sم?او?ات Aالس فsي م?ن Mل� ك sن ضs إ Fر? Fو?األ sم?او?ات Aالس فsي م?ن Mل� ك sن إ

Fدvا ع?ب sم?نFح Aالر sي آت Aالs Fدvا إ ع?ب sم?نFح Aالر sي آت Aالs إ

Not one of the beings in the Not one of the beings in the heavens and the earth but must heavens and the earth but must

come to ((Allah)) Most Gracious as come to ((Allah)) Most Gracious as a servant. (Maryam, 19:93)a servant. (Maryam, 19:93)

s ?قsم و?أ sاب? sت Fك ال مsن? Fك? ?ي sل إ Mوحsي? أ م?ا MلF s ات ?قsم و?أ sاب? sت Fك ال مsن? Fك? ?ي sل إ Mوحsي? أ م?ا MلF اتاء Fف?حFش? ال sع?ن Fه?ى ?ن ت ة? الصAال? Aنs إ ة? اء الصAال? Fف?حFش? ال sع?ن Fه?ى ?ن ت ة? الصAال? Aنs إ ة? الصAال?م?ا Mم? ?عFل ي MهA و?الل Mر? Fب ك

? أ sهA الل MرF ?ذsك و?ل sر? FمMنك م?ا و?ال Mم? ?عFل ي MهA و?الل Mر? Fب ك? أ sهA الل MرF ?ذsك و?ل sر? FمMنك و?ال

?عMون? ) ?صFن ?عMون? )ت ?صFن ((29:4529:45ت

Recite what is sent of the Book by inspiration to Recite what is sent of the Book by inspiration to thee, and establish regular Prayer: for Prayer thee, and establish regular Prayer: for Prayer

restrains from shameful and unjust deeds; and restrains from shameful and unjust deeds; and remembrance of Allah is the greatest (thing in remembrance of Allah is the greatest (thing in

life) without doubt. And Allah knows the (deeds) life) without doubt. And Allah knows the (deeds) that ye do. (al-Ankabut:45)that ye do. (al-Ankabut:45)

sف? sال ت Fو?اخ sضFر? و?األ sم?او?ات Aالس sقFخ?ل فsي Aنs ?فs إ sال ت Fو?اخ sضFر? و?األ sم?او?ات Aالس sقFخ?ل فsي Aنs إ

( sاب? Fب األل وFلsيM أل� Eات? آلي sه?ارA و?الن sلF Aي ?ابs )الل Fب األل وFلsيM أل� Eات? آلي sه?ارA و?الن sلF Aي ( ( 3:1903:190الل

?ى? و?ع?ل و?قMعMودvا ?امvا قsي tه? الل ون? MرM ?ذFك ي Aذsين? ?ى? ال و?ع?ل و?قMعMودvا ?امvا قsي tه? الل ون? MرM ?ذFك ي Aذsين? ال sم?او?ات Aالس sقFخ?ل فsي ون? MرA ?ف?ك ?ت و?ي Fمsهs Mوب ن Mج sم?او?ات Aالس sقFخ?ل فsي ون? MرA ?ف?ك ?ت و?ي Fمsهs Mوب ن Mج?ك? ان Fح? ب Mس v ?اطsال ب ه?ذا ?قFت? خ?ل م?ا ?ا Aن ب ر? sضFر

? ?ك? و?األ ان Fح? ب Mس v ?اطsال ب ه?ذا ?قFت? خ?ل م?ا ?ا Aن ب ر? sضFر? و?األ

( sارA الن ع?ذ?اب? ?ا Aارs )ف?قsن الن ع?ذ?اب? ?ا ((3:1913:191ف?قsن

Behold! in the creation of the heavens and the earth, and Behold! in the creation of the heavens and the earth, and the alternation of night and day,- there are indeed Signs for the alternation of night and day,- there are indeed Signs for

men of understanding. Men who celebrate the praises of men of understanding. Men who celebrate the praises of Allah, standing, sitting, and lying down on their sides, and Allah, standing, sitting, and lying down on their sides, and contemplate the (wonders of) creation in the heavens and contemplate the (wonders of) creation in the heavens and

the earth, (With the thought): "Our Lord! not for naught Hast the earth, (With the thought): "Our Lord! not for naught Hast Thou created (all) this! Glory to Thee! Give us salvation from Thou created (all) this! Glory to Thee! Give us salvation from

the penalty of the Fire.the penalty of the Fire.

D. The Way of Purification of the Soul ( النفس (تزكية FمsهF ?ي ع?ل Mو Fل ?ت ي FمMهF م�ن vوالMس ر? �ين? Mم�ي Fاأل فsي ?ع?ث? ب Aذsي ال هMو?

Mوا ?ان ك sن و?إ Fم?ة? Fحsك و?ال ?اب? sت Fك ال MمMهMم� Mع?ل و?ي Fمsيه� ك Mز? و?ي sهs ?ات آي( Eينs م�ب Eل ض?ال? ?فsي ل MلF ق?ب (62:2مsن

“It is He Who has sent amongst the Unlettered an apostle from among themselves, to rehearse to them His Signs, to sanctify them, and to instruct them in Scripture and Wisdom,- although they had been, before, in manifest error.” (Al-Jumuah:2)

Right Intention and Determination.

Right intention means to do every action for the sake of Allah SWT and His Prophet Muhammad (SAW).

Determination (عزم) means using our will power to overcome the whisperings of shaytan (وسواس) and desires (هوى).

sهsفF ل خ? Fنsو?م sهF ?د?ي ي sنF ?ي ب م�ن ?ات» مMع?ق�ب Mه? ل Mر� Mغ?ي ي ? ال tه? الل Aنs إ sهt الل sرFم

? أ Fنsم Mه? ?حFف?ظMون يsذ?ا و?إ Fمsه sسMفF ?ن sأ ب م?ا F وا Mر� Mغ?ي ي Aى ت ح? E sق?وFم ب م?او?م?ا Mه? ل Aد م?ر? ? ف?ال وءvا Mس E sق?وFم ب Mهt الل اد? ر?

? أ Eو?ال مsن sهs دMون م�ن ?هMم ل

For each (such person) there are (angels) in succession, before and behind him: They guard him by command of Allah. Verily never will Allah change

the condition of a people until they change it themselves (with their own souls). But when (once) Allah willeth a people's punishment, there can be no turning it back, nor will they find, besides Him, any to

protect. (al-Ra’d, 13:11) (al-Ra’d, 13:11)

Fنs ?ئ ل Aي? ع?ل مFت? Aر? ك Aذsي ال ذ?ا هـ? ?ك? Fت ?ي أ ر?? أ sنF ق?ال? ?ئ ل Aي? ع?ل مFت? Aر? ك Aذsي ال ذ?ا هـ? ?ك? Fت ?ي أ ر?? أ ق?ال?

Mه? Aت ي ذMر� Aن? sك ?ن ت Fح? أل sام?ة? Fقsي ال s ?وFم ي sل?ى إ sن? ت FرAخ? ?هM أ Aت ي ذMر� Aن? sك ?ن ت Fح? أل sام?ة? Fقsي ال s ?وFم ي sل?ى إ sن? ت FرAخ? أ v sيال ق?ل A ?ال v إ sيال ق?ل A ?ال إ

He said: "Seest Thou? this is the one He said: "Seest Thou? this is the one whom Thou hast honoured above me! If whom Thou hast honoured above me! If Thou wilt but respite me to the Day of Thou wilt but respite me to the Day of

Judgment, I will surely bring his Judgment, I will surely bring his descendants under my sway - all but a descendants under my sway - all but a

few!" (al-Isra’, 17:62)few!" (al-Isra’, 17:62)

MهA الل MهA ض?ل? و?أ Mه?و?اه Mه?ه? sل إ Aخ?ذ? ات sم?ن Fت? ?ي أ ?ف?ر? AهM أ الل MهA ض?ل? و?أ Mه?و?اه Mه?ه? sل إ Aخ?ذ? ات sم?ن Fت? ?ي أ ?ف?ر? أ

sهs Fب و?ق?ل sهsعFم س? ع?ل?ى ?م? ت و?خ? E Fم ل sع sهs ع?ل?ى Fب و?ق?ل sهsعFم س? ع?ل?ى ?م? ت و?خ? E Fم عsل ع?ل?ى sيهsدFه? ي ف?م?ن vاو?ة غsش? sهsص?ر? ب ع?ل?ى ?هFدsيهs و?ج?ع?ل? ي ف?م?ن vاو?ة غsش? sهsص?ر? ب ع?ل?ى و?ج?ع?ل?

ون? MرA ?ذ?ك ت ?ف?ال? أ sهA الل sدFع? ب ون? مsن MرA ?ذ?ك ت ?ف?ال? أ sهA الل sدFع? ب مsن

Then seest thou such a one as takes as Then seest thou such a one as takes as his god his own vain desire? Allah has, his god his own vain desire? Allah has, knowing (him as such), left him astray, knowing (him as such), left him astray, and sealed his hearing and his heart and sealed his hearing and his heart

(and understanding), and put a cover on (and understanding), and put a cover on his sight. Who, then, will guide him after his sight. Who, then, will guide him after Allah (has withdrawn Guidance)? Will ye Allah (has withdrawn Guidance)? Will ye

not then receive admonition? (al-not then receive admonition? (al-Jathiya, 45:23)Jathiya, 45:23)

Continuous Learning and Reminding

Continuous learning of the first kind of knowledge.

Always be on guard and vigilant .(مراقبة)

Remembering death as a reminder of one’s feeble existence.

MهA sن ف?إ MهF مsن ون? ?فsر� ت Aذsي ال Fم?وFت? ال Aنs إ FلMق MهA sن ف?إ MهF مsن ون? ?فsر� ت Aذsي ال Fم?وFت? ال Aنs إ FلMق sبF Fغ?ي ال s sم ع?ال sل?ى إ د�ون? Mر? ت AمM ث FمM قsيك Fبs مMال? Fغ?ي ال s sم ع?ال sل?ى إ د�ون? Mر? ت AمM ث FمM قsيك مMال?

Mون? ?عFم?ل ت FمM Mنت ك sم?ا ب Mم Mك �ئ ?ب Mن ف?ي sه?اد?ة Aون? و?الشM ?عFم?ل ت FمM Mنت ك sم?ا ب Mم Mك �ئ ?ب Mن ف?ي sه?اد?ة Aو?الش ((62:862:8))

"The Death from which ye flee will truly "The Death from which ye flee will truly overtake you: then will ye be sent back overtake you: then will ye be sent back

to the Knower of things secret and to the Knower of things secret and open: and He will tell you (the truth of) open: and He will tell you (the truth of) the things that ye did!" (al-Jumuah:8)the things that ye did!" (al-Jumuah:8)

Ibn Omar said: I along with ten other Companions was near the Messenger of God (PBUH). Then an Ansari asked him: O Prophet of God who is the wisest and honoured of men? He said: Those who remember death most and prepare most for it. They pass away with honour in this world and the next.

Caliph Harun Ar-Rashid has a servant, by the name of Bahlul (بهلول), who is a bit fool and unwise. One day, the Caliph gave Bahlul a stick, and said to him that if he found anybody who is more stupid than him, he should give that person this stick himself.

One day the Caliph prepare a large entourage of a large group of palace servants and armies, with all the necessary supplies and enough animals to carry them to travel to a distant land.

He said to Bahlul: “See Bahlul I have made an extensive preparation for this journey, but there is another journey that all human beings will go.” Bahlul asked, “What is that?” The Caliph said, “The journey to the next life.” Bahlul asked again, “What is that?” The Caliph said, “The eternal life after our temporary life in this world.” Bahlul asked, “Would you made the same preparation for that journey?” The Caliph said, “No, in that journey, I’m going alone!”

Then Bahlul said, “In that case, I have found the person to whom I should give the stick that you have given to me. You made a large preparation to that distant land, but you are not going to make the same preparation to a place where you will dwell in forever.” Hearing this, the Caliph Harun ar-Rashid was dumbfounded. Although he understood that Bahlul does not understand what kind of preparation that should be prepared for the eternal life, but what Bahlul said struck his heart and he understood the truth in it.

Association with the Pious and Religious People.

The need for a teacher is a must, since seeking for any kind of knowledge requires a teacher, and so does in the way of purifying one’s soul.

Being with the good and pious people can influence one’s character.

م?ع? F Mوا Mون و?ك tه? الل F AقMوا ات F Mوا آم?ن Aذsين? ال �ه?ا ي? أ ?ا م?ع? ي F Mوا Mون و?ك tه? الل F AقMوا ات F Mوا آم?ن Aذsين? ال �ه?ا ي? أ ?ا ي

الصAادsقsين?الصAادsقsين?

O ye who believe! Fear Allah O ye who believe! Fear Allah and be with those who are and be with those who are true (in word and deed) (al-true (in word and deed) (al-

Tawbah:119).Tawbah:119).

sرF sالصAب ب F Mوا ?عsين ت Fاس F Mوا آم?ن Aذsين? ال �ه?ا ي? أ ?ا ي

؛ sرsين? الصAاب م?ع? tه? الل Aنs إ sة? و?الصAال sهt الل sبيل س? فsي Mل? MقFت ي Fم?نs ل F Mوا ?قMول ت ? tهs و?ال الل sبيل س? فsي Mل? MقFت ي Fم?نs ل F Mوا ?قMول ت ? و?ال

ون? MرMع Fش? ت A ال ?كsن و?ل ?اء ي Fح? أ Fل? ب مFو?ات»? ون? أ MرMع Fش? ت A ال ?كsن و?ل ?اء ي Fح? أ Fل? ب مFو?ات»? أ

O ye who believe! seek help with O ye who believe! seek help with patient perseverance and prayer; for patient perseverance and prayer; for

Allah is with those who patiently Allah is with those who patiently persevere. And say not of those who are persevere. And say not of those who are

slain in the way of Allah. "They are slain in the way of Allah. "They are dead." Nay, they are living, though ye dead." Nay, they are living, though ye

perceive (it) not. (2:153-154)perceive (it) not. (2:153-154)

Abu Hurayrah ( عنه اللtه reported that the Messenger (رضيof Allah ( سلtم و عليه اللtه said, “Truly Allah—may He (صلtىbe exalted—has said: ‘Whosoever acts with enmity towards a friend of Mine, against him will I indeed declare war. Nothing endears My servant to Me than doing of what I have made obligatory upon him to do. And My servant ceases not seeking My nearness by offering supererogatory (نوافل) prayers till I love him. When I love him, I shall be his hearing with which he shall hear, his sight with which he shall see, his hands with which he shall hold, and his feet with which he shall walk; and if he asks Me, I shall surely give him, and if he takes refuge in Me, I shall certainly give him refuge’.”

Practices Sincere Repentance ( نصوحة (توبة sحMون? MفFل ت FمM Aك ?ع?ل ل Mون? FمMؤFمsن ال �ه?ا ي

? أ ج?مsيعvا sهA الل sل?ى إ Mوا Mوب و?ت(24:31)

And O ye Believers! turn ye all together towards Allah, that ye may attain Bliss.

On the authority of Anas b. Malik, the Messenger of God (SAW) is reported to have said, “There is nothing more loved by God than the youth who repents.”

MوسMف? ي مsن F وا MسAح?س? ف?ت F Mوا اذFه?ب Aيs ?ن ب ?ا MوسMف? ي ي مsن F وا MسAح?س? ف?ت F Mوا اذFه?ب Aيs ?ن ب ?ا ي ? ال MهA sن إ sهt الل sحFو Aر مsن F وا Mس

? Fأ ?ي ت ? و?ال sيهsخ? ? و?أ ال MهA sن إ sهt الل sحFو Aر مsن F وا Mس? Fأ ?ي ت ? و?ال sيهsخ? و?أ

ون? Mرsاف? Fك ال MمFق?وF ال A sال إ sهt الل sحFو Aر مsن Mس? Fأ ?ي ون? ي Mرsاف? Fك ال MمFق?وF ال A sال إ sهt الل sحFو Aر مsن Mس? Fأ ?ي ي

"O my sons! go ye and enquire about "O my sons! go ye and enquire about Joseph and his brother, and never give Joseph and his brother, and never give up hope of Allah's Soothing Mercy: truly up hope of Allah's Soothing Mercy: truly

no one despairs of Allah's Soothing no one despairs of Allah's Soothing Mercy, except those who have no faith." Mercy, except those who have no faith."

(Yusuf:87)(Yusuf:87)

ا vوحMصA ن vة? ?وFب ت sهA الل sل?ى إ Mوا Mوب ت Mوا آم?ن Aذsين? ال �ه?ا ي? أ ?ا ا ي vوحMصA ن vة? ?وFب ت sهA الل sل?ى إ Mوا Mوب ت Mوا آم?ن Aذsين? ال �ه?ا ي? أ ?ا ي

FمM ?ك ل sخFدM و?ي FمM sك ?ات �ئ ي س? FمM ع?نك ?ف�ر? Mك ي ?ن أ FمM �ك ب ر? MمF ع?س?ى ?ك ل sخFدM و?ي FمM sك ?ات �ئ ي س? FمM ع?نك ?ف�ر? Mك ي ?ن أ FمM �ك ب ر? ع?س?ى MهA الل MخFزsي ي ال? ?وFم? ي Mه?ارF ن

? Fاأل sه?ا ت Fح? ت مsن ?جFرsي ت EاتA ن AهM ج? الل MخFزsي ي ال? ?وFم? ي Mه?ارF ن? Fاأل sه?ا ت Fح? ت مsن ?جFرsي ت EاتA ن ج?

Fن? ?ي ب ع?ى Fس? ي FمMه MورM ن Mم?ع?ه Mوا آم?ن Aذsين? و?ال Aيs Aب Fن? الن ?ي ب ع?ى Fس? ي FمMه MورM ن Mم?ع?ه Mوا آم?ن Aذsين? و?ال Aيs Aب الن?ا ن Mور? ن ?ا ?ن ل FمsمF ?ت أ ?ا Aن ب ر? Mون? ?قMول ي Fمsهs Fم?ان ي

? sأ و?ب FمsيهsدF ي? ?ا أ ن Mور? ن ?ا ?ن ل FمsمF ?ت أ ?ا Aن ب ر? Mون? ?قMول ي Fمsهs Fم?ان ي

? sأ و?ب FمsيهsدF ي? أ

ق?دsير» EءFي ش? Mل� ك ع?ل?ى Aك? sن إ ?ا ?ن ل FرsفFير» و?اغsق?د EءFي ش? Mل� ك ع?ل?ى Aك? sن إ ?ا ?ن ل FرsفF((66:866:8 ) )و?اغ

O ye who believe! Turn to Allah with sincere repentance: In O ye who believe! Turn to Allah with sincere repentance: In the hope that your Lord will remove from you your ills and the hope that your Lord will remove from you your ills and admit you to Gardens beneath which Rivers flow,- the Day admit you to Gardens beneath which Rivers flow,- the Day that Allah will not permit to be humiliated the Prophet and that Allah will not permit to be humiliated the Prophet and

those who believe with him. Their Light will run forward those who believe with him. Their Light will run forward before them and by their right hands, while they say, "Our before them and by their right hands, while they say, "Our Lord! Perfect our Light for us, and grant us Forgiveness: for Lord! Perfect our Light for us, and grant us Forgiveness: for

Thou hast power over all things." (At-Tahrem:8)Thou hast power over all things." (At-Tahrem:8)

Abu Huraira reported from Allah’s Messenger (PBUH) that his Lord, the Exalted and Glorious, thus said: A servant committed a sin and he said: “O Allah, forgive me my sin,” and Allah said: “My servant committed a sin and then he came to realise that he has a Lord Who forgives the sins and takes to account (the sinner) for the sin. So I forgive My servant.” He then again committed a sin and said: “O Allah, forgive me my sin,” and Allah said: “My servant committed a sin and then he came to realise that he has a Lord Who would forgive his sin and would take to account for the sin. So I forgive My servant.” He then again committed a sin and said: “O Allah, forgive me my sin,” and Allah said: “My servant committed a sin and then he came to realise that he has a Lord Who forgives his sin and takes to account for the sin. So I forgive My servant.” (Bukhari and Muslim)

Consistent (استقامة) MمsهF ?ي ع?ل Mل Aز? ?ن ?ت ت ?ق?امMوا ت Fاس AمM ث MهA الل ?ا �ن ب ر? Mوا ق?ال Aذsين? ال Aنs إ

Aتsي ال sةA ن Fج? sال ب وا Mر sشF ?ب و?أ Mوا ن ?حFز? ت و?ال? ?خ?افMوا ت Aال? أ Mة? sك ئ Fم?ال? الMوع?دMون? ت FمM Mنت (41:30 )ك

In the case of those who say, "Our Lord is Allah, and, further, stand straight and steadfast, the angels descend on them (from time to time): "Fear ye not!" (they suggest), "Nor grieve! but receive the Glad Tidings of the Garden (of Bliss), the which ye were promised! (Fussilat:30)

ع?اه?دMوا م?ا ص?د?قMوا رsج?ال» sين? FمMؤFمsن ال مsن? Mه? ب Fح? ن ق?ض?ى مAن FهMم ف?مsن sهF ?ي ع?ل Aه? الل

vيالsدF ?ب ت Mوا ?دAل ب و?م?ا Mرsظ? ?نت ي مAن FهMم و?مsن

Among the Believers are men who have Among the Believers are men who have been true to their covenant with Allah. been true to their covenant with Allah.

of them some have completed their vow of them some have completed their vow (to the extreme), and some (still) wait: (to the extreme), and some (still) wait:

but they have never changed (their but they have never changed (their determination) in the least: (al-Ahzab, determination) in the least: (al-Ahzab,

33:23)33:23)

FمMهF ع?ن Aن ?ف�ر? Mك ?ن ل sح?اتs الصAال Mوا و?ع?مsل Mوا آم?ن Aذsين? و?الMون? ) ?عFم?ل ي Mوا ?ان ك Aذsي ال ?حFس?ن? أ FمMهA ?ن ?جFزsي ?ن و?ل Fمsهs ?ات �ئ ي (29:7س?

Those who believe and work righteous deeds,- from them shall We blot out all evil (that may be) in them, and We shall reward them according to the best of their deeds. (al-Ankabut:7)

The Prophet SAW said, “Whoever helps a brother in difficulty, God will help him through his difficulties on the Day of Judgement.”

Sources: Bakar, Osman, Classification of Knowledge

in Islam, Kuala Lumpur: ISTAC, IIUM, 2006. Imam Al-Ghazzali, Ihya Ulum-Din, trans.

Fazlul Karim, New Delhi: Islamic Book Service, 1991.

Kabbani, Shaykh Muhammad Hisham, Self-Purification and the State of Excellence, Mountain View: As-Sunna Foundation of America, 1998.