bakat semulajadi mempengaruhi perkembangan muzikaliti

8/9/2019 Bakat Semulajadi Mempengaruhi Perkembangan Muzikaliti

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ZKISF 9

]CIKSH OKBKFKH LKFKZ ]COSEKIKJN OCOWCBDK\SHN

WCEKIK\ JKEKO WC\FCOLKBDKB OSYNFKENZNB^K

FSOWSEKB K

JN]CJNKFKB @ECH 9

AKZNBN JNKBK LNBZN @ZHOKB

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JN]CJNKFKB SBZSF 9

CBMNF O@HJ KYKO LNB ]SE@BD



;"7 WCBDCBKEKB

Lkfkz kjkekh }skzs }slicfzna ~kbd kjk wkjk }cznkw okbs}nk" Nk znjkf osjkh sbzsf

jnfcbken jkb jnicek}fkb fcwkjk `|kbd eknb" Hkb~k zskb wsb~k jn|n }khkik jkwkz

ocbdczkhsn kwk fceclnhkb ~kbd kjk wkjk jn|nb~k lc|lkbjnbd jcbdkb `|kbd eknb" ]ceknb

nzs% lkfkz isdk oc|swkfkb fcokowskb kzks fclèchkb lkznbnkh }c}c`|kbd sbzsf

ocokhkon kzks ocekfsfkb }c}skzs wc|fk|k kzks neos ~kbd jnlcfkefkb }cikf kyken ekdn"

Lkfkz ~kbd kjk wkjk }c}c`|kbd lnk}kb~k lc|lcyk jcbdkb lkfkz ~kbd kjk wkjk

}c}c`|kbd ~kbd eknb" Lkfkz znjkf lèch jnzsbzsz kzks jnwcekik|n jk|n okbk/okbk" Nk

kjkekh fclèchkb }cosekikjn ~kbd jnkbsdc|khfkb èch Keekh }"t"z fcwkjk }c}c`|kbd"

Ocbs|sz okfesokz ~kbd }k~k wc|èchn% wcolcbzsfkb lkfkz lc|osek }cikf 17 hk|n

}clceso lk~n jnekhn|fkb }chnbddkekh ocbmcmkh s}nk ;1 zkhsb" ]czcekh lc|s}nk ;1 zkhsb%

kjkekh znjkf osjkh lkdn }c}c`|kbd nzs sbzsf oc|slkh fcsbnfkb ~kbd kjk wkjk

lkfkzb~k"

]cwc|zn ~kbd fnzk fczkhsn% osynf wsek oc|swkfkb lsb~n ~kbd jkwkz jnzc|nok èch

nbjnqnjs jkb wc|lcykkbb~k lc|dkbzsbd fcwkjk }cik|kh e`fk}n% lsjk~k jkb mnzk|k}k

}c}c`|kbd" Osynf kjkekh lc|lcbzsf }slicfzna lkdn }cznkw wcbjcbdk|b~k" Osynf lsfkb

}khkik jndcok|n èch dè`bdkb |cokik jkb jctk}k% okekh lk~n jkb fkbkf/fkbkf isdk

kokz }cbkbd jcbdkb lsb~n osynf" Nkb~k isdk oc|kbdfson }cosk icbn} lsb~n ~kbd

zc|hk}nefkb }kok kjk }cmk|k }cbdkik okhswsb znjkf }cbdkik" Jn }kownbd nzs% osynf

oc|swkfkb ocjnk ~kbd }c}skn jkb lc|fc}kb }clkdkn lkhk}k sbnqc|}ke sbzsf

ocb~kowknfkb }c}skzs okf}sj jkb wc|k}kkb" Wcb~kowknkb jkeko osynf jkwkz

ocbnolsefkb wc|k}kkb% }~khjs% ocekbfènf% }cokbdkz jkb |kbd}kbdkb fcwkjk

wcbjcbdk|" Wcbjcf fkzk osynf okows ocolc|n fc}kb fcwkjk co`}n jkb |`hkbn"

Osynf jkeko kwk isk lcbzsf jkwkz jnhk~kzn èch }ces|sh ekwn}kb ok}~k|kfkz

zkbwk ocbdn|k wkbdfkz% jk|ikz jkb zk|ka wcbjnjnfkb" Lc|lkbjnbd jcbdkb lkhk}k% nk

oc|swkfkb ekolkbd wc|zszs|kb jkb kekz fòsbnfk}n ~kbd ococ|esfkb wcbszs| jkb

wcbjcbdk| sbzsf ocokhkon lkhk}k zc|}clsz" Tkeks lkdnokbkwsb% infkeks osynf hkb~k

jnoknbfkb }cmk|k nb}z|socbzke }cfkenwsb% nk ok}nh okows ocolc|nfkb wcbdhk~kzkb

zc|hkjkw mczs}kb njck jkb eskhkb |k}k ~kbd nbdnb jn}kowknfkb èch wcbmnwzk jkb

wcbddslkh fcwkjk wcbjcbdk|"



Infk jnenhkz jk|nwkjk wc|fcolkbdkb ok}~k|kfkz ok}k fnbn% lnjkbd }cbn ~kbd

wkenbd jnonbkzn jkb lc|fcolkbd kjkekh lnjkbd }cbn osynf" ]cbn osynf oc|swkfkb

}kekh }kzs mklkbd fclsjk~kkb lkdn }c}clskh ok}~k|kfkz jn }c}clskh bcdk|k" ]cmk|k

znjkf ekb}sbd osynf }clcbk|b~k jkwkz ocowc|znbdfkzfkb wconfn|kb }c}skzs lkbd}k

}c|zk oc|slkh zk|ka hnjsw fc k|kh wcbmkwknkb wc|kjklkb ~kbd lc|c|zn" Osynf lsfkb

}khkik }clkdkn ocjnso hnls|kb% okekh jnkbddkw }clkdkn wcbdkbzk|k wcolcekik|kb ~kbd

ocowsb~kn fsk}k ~kbd zc|}cbjn|n }chnbddk okows ocbdslkh co`}n okbs}nk ocbikjn

}cjnh% dcoln|k% zc|hk|s jkb }clkdknb~k" ]ceknb nzs }cbn osynf isdk ocb~kes|fkb bnekn

jkb lc|lkdkn oc}ci ~kbd lèch ocolc|n fc}kb w`}nzna fcwkjk wcolkbdsbkb

ok}~k|kfkz"

Lkdn ocbmkwkn fcik~kkb jkeko wc|fcolkbdkb osynf jn Okek~}nk% wnhkf

Fcocbzc|nkb Wcekik|kb Okek~}nk zcekh ocb~cjnkfkb }slicf wcbjnjnfkb osynf jn

}cfèkh |cbjkh okhswsb jn }cfèkh ocbcbdkh% octsisjfkb }cfèkh }cbn }c|zk

ocbddkekffkb }cdkek kfznqnzn ~kbd lc|sb}s|fkb osynf jn fkekbdkb wcekik| }cfèkh"

S}khk nbn jnzc|s}fkb lkdn ocokbkofkb |k}k onbkz jkb }czc|s}b~k jkwkz

ocowc|znbdfkzfkb lkfkz osynfke ~kbd tsisj jkeko jn|n wcekik|"



<"7 LKFKZ ]COSEKIKJN OCOWCBDK\SHN WCEKIK\ JKEKO

WC\FCOLKBDKB OSYNFKENZN

]clcbk|b~k% lkfkz }cosekikjn }c}c`|kbd znjkf jkwkz jnfcbke wk}zn }cok}k

oc|cfk ok}nh lk~n okhswsb }ctkfzs fkbkf/fkbkf" ]kekh }kzs wcbdcbkewk}znkb lkfkz

kjkekh ocekesn ekznhkb w|kfznfke ~kbd jkwkz jnlc|nfkb jkeko wcelkdkn lnjkbd jkb mk|k"

Lkfkz kjkekh }c}skzs ~kbd wc|es jnmslk jkb jns}khkfkb zc|eclnh jkhses sbzsf

ocbdczkhsn zkhkw fcl`echkb jn|n" Fclnk}kkbb~k lkfkz kfkb lc|fcolkbd lc|}kok

jcbdkb wc|fcolkbdkb anfn|kb jkb anynfke nb}kb" Tkeks lkdknokbkwsb% nk lc|dkbzsbd

fcwkjk }ciksh okbk wcbdcolkbdkb lkfkz nzs jns}khkfkb ̀ ech nbjnqnjs zc|}clsz"

Lkfkz isdk l`ech jnfknzfkb jcbdkb wc|fcolkbdkb fkbkf/fkbkf nzs }cbjn|n"

Wc|fcolkbdkb oc|sisf fcwkjk wc|slkhkb anynfke% ocbzke jkb }`}nke ~kbd jkwkz

jnikbdfkfkb jkeko fchnjswkb lk~n okhswsb fkbkf/fkbkf" Nk oc|kbdfson }skzs

wc|slkhkb kl}z|kf ~kbd lc|zc|s}kb }chnbddk fc kfhn| hk~kz okbs}nk" Fckjkkb nbn

lc|okfbk% lkfkz }c}c`|kbd nzs znjkf kfkb eswsz }cekdn oc|cfk ok}nh hnjsw" @ech ~kbd

jconfnkb% lkfkz jkwkz jnwswsf jk|n }cok}k fc }cok}k ocekesn wc|fcolkbdkb anynfke%

ocbzke jkb }`}nke"

Zkhkw osynfkenzn ~kbd kjk wkjk jn|n }c}c`|kbd isdk jnfkzkfkb }clkdkn lkfkz

}cosekikjn" Lkfkz jkeko lnjkbd osynfke }clcbk|b~k kjk wkjk }cznkw lk~n ~kbd lk|s

ekhn|" Tkeks lkdknokbkwsb% lkfkz osynfkenzn ~kbd kjk lc|dkbzsbd fcwkjk zkhkw ~kbd

okows jnzc|nok lkdn }cznkw nbjnqnjs" Hke nbn zc|lsfzn lkhktk znjkf }cosk `|kbd jkwkz

ocowcekik|n }c|zk ocbdhk~kzn osynf jcbdkb lknf" ]c}czcbdkh nbjnqnjs ~kbd

ocowsb~kn lkfkz kjkekh eclnh osjkh ocowcekik|n osynf lc|lkbjnbd nbjnqnjs ~kbd

fs|kbd lc|lkfkz" Tkeks lkdknokbkwsb% infk nbjnqnjs ~kbd fs|kbd lkfkz nbn ocowsb~kn

onbkz ~kbd ocbjkeko jkeko osynf% oc|cfk wc|esekh lc|s}khk jcbdkb eclnh dndnh

sbzsf ocbmkwkn zkhkw ~kbd }kok jcbdkb nbjnqnjs ~kbd lc|lkfkz"

Lkfkz }cosekikjn jkwkz ocowcbdk|shn }c}c`|kbd nzs ocekesn wc|fcolkbdkb

osynfkenznb~k lc|osek jk|nwkjk wc|fcolkbdkb okbs}nk jn jkeko ikbnb ekdn jcbdkb

ocowc|jcbdk|fkbb~k osynf" Ocbdnfsz fkinkb% jcdswkb ikbzsbd lk~n jkwkz lc|jcdsw

jcbdkb eclnh ekbmk| kwklnek nls lk~n ocbjcbdk| osynf" Fckjkkb nbn ocbsbisffkb zkhkw



fc}nhkzkb lk~n jkeko fkbjsbdkb eclnh lknf kwklnek nlsb~k ocbjcbdk| wcelkdkn icbn}

osynf" ]cmk|k znjkf ekbd}sbd% nbn kfkb octsisjb~k onbkz lk~n zc|}clsz zc|hkjkw osynf

kwklnek oc|cfk lc}k| bkbzn" ]ceknb nzs% lkfkz isdk jkwkz ocowcbdk|shn lk~n ocekesn

wc|lskzkb fcjsk nls lkwk oc|cfk ~kbd }c|nbd lc|oknb kekz osynf fcznfk kbkf oc|cfk

ok}nh jn jkeko fkbjsbdkb"

]cecwk} lk~n jnekhn|fkb% wcbdkekokb osynfkenznb~k ocbikjn eclnh esk} infk

wc|}cfnzk|kbb~k ~kbd }c|nbd zc|jcjkh jcbdkb wcelkdkn lsb~n osynf" ]c}czcbdkh nls

lkwk ocbikjnfkb ekds jkb osynf }clkhkdnkb jk|nwkjk ok}k lc|oknb kbkf/kbkfb~k

jcbdkb ocok}kbdfkb ekds fkbkf/fkbkf" Icbn} osynf ~kbd }c}skn jkb jndcok|n èch

lk~n jkwkz jnzcbzsfkb jcbdkb ocok}znfkb osynf zc|}clsz oc}zn jnwk}kbd fcznfk lk~n

jkeko fckjkkb }cjk| jkb ikdk" Nbn fc|kbk wkjk tkfzs nbn nls lkwk jkwkz ocenhkz |ckf}n

oc|cfk kwklnek osynf nzs jnwk}kbdfkb }kok kjk oc|cfk }sfk kzks znjkf zc|hkjkw

osynf zc|}clsz" Ocbs|sz }kzs fkinkb% }cfsowsekb lk~n ~kbd nlsb~k ocbjcbdk| osynf

}cznkw hk|n }chnbddk wkjk }kkz fcekhn|kb fcekhn|kb eclnh osjkh jnwsisf jcbdkb

ocbjcbdk|fkb n|kok lc|zcok }cecwk} lclc|kwk onbdds jnekhn|fkb" Wc|fk|k nbn kokz

lc|lcyk jcbdkb lk~n ~kbd znjkf ocbjcbdk| osynf% oc|cfk fs|kbd ocbsbisffkb znjkf

lkek}"

Kwklnek kbkf/kbkf osek ocok}sfn keko wc|}cfèkhkb% zc|jkwkz wcelkdkn akfz`|

~kbd ocowcbdk|shn jn|n oc|cfc fc k|kh osynfke" Oc|cfk osek jnjcjkhfkb zcbzkbd

wcbjnjnfkb osynf jn }cfèkh" Jk|n }nzs oc|cfk jkwkz ocowcekik|n osynf }cmk|k a`|oke

jk|n ds|s jkb isdk |kfkb/|kfkb" ]cmk|k znjkf ekbd}sbd% wcbjcjkhkb ktke jn }cfèkh nbn

jkwkz ocekhn|fkb |k}k onbkz oc|cfk zchkjkw osynf" Lkfkz oc|cfk kfkb eclnh ocb`biè

kwklnek oc|cfk lc|wceskbd ocbikekbn wcelkdkn kfznqnzn ~kbd lc|lcbzsf osynfke jn

}cfèkh" Kbzk|k kfznqnzn ~kbd ocbk|nf kjkekh ocenlkzfkb jn|n jkeko cb}colce |cf`jc|%

ocolskz wc|}colkhkb jn jkeko jkb jn esk| }cfèkh% lc|wceskbd ocok}sfn

wc|zkbjnbdkb b~kb~nkb jkb }clkdknb~k"

]cok}k enbdfsbdkb sos| lcek}kb zkhsb hnbddk jctk}k% wcbjcjkhkb osynf

ocbikjn eclnh esk} jkb zc|lsfk" ]c}czcbdkh }cfèkh ocbcbdkh dnkz ocbikekbfkb ekznhkb

osynf jkb ocolskz wc|}colkhkb jn esk|" Fckjkkb nbn ocb~clklfkb eclnh |kokn

wcekik| ocok}sfn fsowsekb osynf ~kbd tsisj jn }cfèkh }cwc|zn wkbmk|kdko }cfèkh%

fsowsekb osynf k}en% f`n|% `fc}z|k }cfèkh jkb }clkdknb~k" Znbjkf lkek} ~kbd w`}nzna



èch wnhkf }cfèkh jkeko lnjkbd osynfke nbn }cmk|k znjkf ekbd}sbd jkwkz

ocowc|znbdkfkzfkb lkfkz ~kbd }cjnk kjk jn fkekbdkb wcekik|"

]ceknb nzs% akfz`| esk| isdk ocbj`|`bd wk|k wcekik| ocowc|znbdfkzfkb lkfkz

osynfkenzn oc|cfk" Wcbjcjkhkb osynf jk|n bcdk|k esk| ocekesn ocjnk mczkf jkbcecfz|`bnf zcekh lkb~kf ocowcbdk|shn f|ckznqnzn dcbc|k}n fnbn jkeko lnjkbd osynf"

Wk|k wcekik| zc|szkokb~k% lc|wceskbd ocowcekik|n wcelkdkn icbn} jkb lcbzsf osynf nbn

jcbdkb eclnh osjkh ocekesn ocjnk mczkf jkb cecfz|`bnf" Oc|cfk isdk lc|wceskbd

ocowcekik|n lc|oknb kekz osynf jcbdkb }cbjn|nb~k zkbwk lkbzskb ds|s wkfk|" Ikjn

znjkf hkn|kbekh ocbdkwk dè`bdkb |cokik fnbn }cokfnb |kokn ~kbd wkbjkn lc|oknb kekz

osynf }cwc|zn dnzk|% j|so% fc~l`j jkb }clkdknb~k"

]czc|s}b~k% oc|cfk isdk jnfkzkfkb lc|lkfkz kwklnek oc|cfk jkwkz lc|oknb kekz osynf jcbdkb lknf" ]cwc|zn ~kbd jnfkzkfkb zkjn% lkfkz }c}c`|kbd jkwkz jnfcbke wk}zn

zkhkwb~k kwklnek jnk lc|ik~k ocow|kfznfkbb~k jcbdkb lknf" ]chslsbdkb jcbdkb nzs%

tsisjekh wcoknb/wcoknb osynf lkbj jn fkekbdkb |cokik fnzk" Fnbn% fctsisjkb wcoknb

osynf nbn nlk|kz }cwc|zn mcbjktkb zsolsh }cecwk} hsikb fc|kbk wcbdenlkzkb oc|cfk

~kbd lcdnzs |kokn" ]cn|nbd jcbdkb nbn% okfk tsisjekh fcosjkhkb }zsjn` sbzsf }c}n

ekznhkb oc|cfk jkb jnfcbkfkb f`} }ctkkb ~kbd lc|wkzszkb"

]ceknb nzs% lkfkz }cosekikjn jkwkz ocowcbdk|shn }c}c`|kbd wc|ekik| ocekesn

wc|dksekb |kfkb }clk~k" Hslsbdkb }`}nke wcekik| fnbn eclnh ocesk} jnokbk oc|cfk

jkwkz lc|hslsbd jcbdkb }c}nkwk }khkik jn }ces|sh bcdk|k jkb jkwkz lc|zsfk|/zsfk|

okfesokz lc|fcbkkb jcbdkb osynf" Is}zc|s nzs% lkfkz osynfkenzn wcekik| jkwkz

jnznbdfkzfkb kfnlkz jk|n fcosjkhkb ~kbd jnwc|èchn wkjk ok}k fnbn" Jn }kownbd nzs%

fcwcelkdknkb wc|n}nkb osynf ~kbd zc|jkwkz jn wk}k|kb% ocosjkhfkb ekdn wcekik|

ocbjkekon lkfkz oc|cfk nbn" Oc|cfk hkb~k ocbddsbkfkb fòwszc| sbzsf

ocbdhk}nefkb wcelkdkn lcbzsf ekds ~kbd ocbk|nf" Ikjn znjkf hkn|kbekh zc|jkwkz

}cdcenbzn| wcekik| ocbddsbkfkb lkfkz osynfkenzn oc|cfk }clkdkn h`ln"



="7 WCBSZSW

]clcbk|b~k }cznkw fkbkf/fkbkf ocolc|nfkb |ckf}n ~kbd lc|lcyk zc|hkjkw

wcelkdkn icbn} lsb~n osynf" Hke nbn fc|kbk lkfkz jkeko osynfke ~kbd kjk wkjk }cznkw

nbjnqnjs znjkf }kok jcbdkb nbjnqnjs ~kbd eknb" Akfz`| nbn isdk lc|dkbzsbd fcwkjk zkhkw

sos|% fckjkkb }cfcenenbd% jkb o``j wkjk tkfzs nzs" Is}zc|s% oc|cfk hk|s} jnjcjkhfkb

fcwkjk wcelkdkn lsb~n osynf jk|n wc|nbdfkz ktke" Wcbjcjkhkb osynf wkjk wc|nbdfkz

ktke zc|szkokb~k fcznfk lk~n% jkwkz ocolc|n fc}kb w`}nzna }cn|nbd jcbdkb

wc|fcolkbdkb lkfkz osynfkenznb~k" Ocbdnfsz fkinkb ~kbd zcekh jnekfsfkb èch L|ndhko

^`sbd Sbnqc|}nz~ (<77;.% osynf jkwkz ocolkbzs lk~n w|k/okzkbd ocbikjn eclnh fskz"

Fkinkb zcekh jnekfsfkb jcbdkb ocowc|jcbdk|fkb fcwkjk lk~n jcbdkb b~kb~nkb ekds

Eseeklnc} }cekok :7 onbnz jkeko cowkz hk|n lc|zs|sz/zs|sz" Hk}ne fkinkb ~kbd zcekh

jnfcosfkfkb èch wk|k j`fz`| ocbjkwkzn lkhktk lk~n ~kbd zc|jcjkh fcwkjk lsb~n

osynf ocowsb~kn jcdswkb ikbzsbd ~kbd eclnh fskz% zcfkbkb jk|kh ~kbd |cbjkh }c|zk

}zklne jkb lc|kz lkjkb lk~n ~kbd }cokfnb ocbnbdfkz"

Wcbdenlkzkb }cmk|k kfzna jkeko kfznqnzn osynf ~kbd zc|}s}sb lc|swk~k

ocbddkekffkb wc|fcolkbdkb f`dbnzna% kacfzna jkb w}nfò`z`| }c}c`|kbd wcekik|% jn

}kownbd ocoswsf bnekn }`}nken}k}n" Jk|n }cdn f`dbnzna% nk eclnh ocoa`fs}fkb fc k|kh

wcbdczkhskb jkb fcakhkokb f`b}cw osynf ~kbd k}k}" Kfznqnzn osynf jkb wc|dc|kfkb

lsfkb }khkik ocolkbzs wc|zsolshkb fcmc|jk}kb fnbc}zcznf okekhkb isdk lc|wc|kbkb

ocolkbzs oc|cfk ocokhkon f`b}cw osynf ~kbd kl}z|kf" Jk|n k}wcf }`}nken}k}n wsek%

kfznqnzn ocb~kb~n% lc|dc|kf jkb lc|oknb kekz osynf }cmk|k lc|fsowsekb jkwkz

ocolc|n fc}cowkzkb fcwkjk oc|cfk lc|fòsbnfk}n jkb lc|nbzc|kf}n kbzk|k }kzs }kok

eknb"

]cok}k wcolc}k|kb lc|ekfs% zc|jkwkz wcelkdkn akfz`| ~kbd kfkb ocowcbdk|shn

}c}c`|kbd zc|}clsz jkeko ocowc|fcolkbdfkb lkfkz osynfke oc|cfk" Wc|}cfnzk|kbjkb }sk}kbk wcolc}k|kb ocoknbfkb wc|kbkb wcbznbd jkeko ocekhn|fkb nbjnqnjs ~kbd

lc|lkfkz nbn" Ocbs|sz Dk|jbc| (;>8=.% lkfkz osynfke jkeko }cznkw nbjnqnjs nzs kjkekh

lc|fknz |kwkz jcbdkb fcmc|jk}kb osynfke ~kbd okbk nbjnqnjs zc|}clsz eclnh mcbjc|sbd

jkeko fcokhn|kb |nzok% bkjk% oce`jn% jkb zcow` jcbdkb lknf" Lcenks isdk lc|wcbjkwkz

lkhktk hkb~k }c}czcbdkh `|kbd }khkik ~kbd osbdfnb ocbmkwkn zkhkw fcmc|jk}kb ~kbd



znbddn jkb }ceclnhb~k kjkekh |cbjkh" Nbn lc|okfbk% }cznkw wcekik| wc|es ocoswsf lkfkz

osynfkenzn ~kbd kjk jkeko jn|nb~k kdk| jkwkz ocbdczkhsn }ciksh okbkfkh oc|cfk

okows ocbjkekon lkfkz zc|}clsz" Is}zc|s nzs% }cznkw wcekik| hk|s}ekh lc|s}khk

ocoswsf lkfkz osynfkenzn ~kbd kjk jkeko jn|nb~k kdk| oc|cfk ocbdczkhsn zkhkw

fcl`echkb }cosekikjn oc|cfk }czc|s}b~k okows ocbikjn dcbc|k}n ~kbd okis jkb

lc|fcolkbd jkeko lnjkbd osynfke"



:"7 \SISFKB

Kwk nzs Lkfkz0% (<778." Wk|kjndokb Lk|s" Jnwc|èch wkjk @fz`lc| <% <77> jk|n

hzzw9wk|kjndok/`f"le`d}w`z"mò<77>7:kwk/nzs/lkfkz"hzoe

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