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ISATSERP PADAHRET ACAB TANIM HURAGNEP

2 SALEK AISENODNI ASAHAB RAJALEB

OLELONOW IREGEN DS

ispirkS

tarayS utaS halaS ihunemeM kutnu nakujaiD nakidididneP anajraS raleG helorepmeM

rasaD halokeS uruG nakididneP idutS margorP

helO :

kiwiW ailiciC itranirS

MIN : 600231101

GAB NAKIDIDNEPEK )IS( ANAJRAS MARGORP I NATABAJ MALAD URUG

RASAD HALOKES URUG NAKIDIDNEP IDUTS MARGORP

NAKIDIDNEP UMLI NASURUJ

NAKIDIDNEP UMLI NAD NAURUGEK SATLUKAF

AMRAHD ATANAS SATISREVINU

ATRAKAYGOY

102 3

PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJIPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

i

ISATSERP PADAHRET ACAB TANIM HURAGNEP

2 SALEK AISENODNI ASAHAB RAJALEB

OLELONOW IREGEN DS

ispirkS

tarayS utaS halaS ihunemeM kutnu nakujaiD nakidididneP anajraS raleG helorepmeM

rasaD halokeS uruG nakididneP idutS margorP

helO :

kiwiW ailiciC itranirS

MIN : 600231101

GAB NAKIDIDNEPEK )IS( ANAJRAS MARGORP I NATABAJ MALAD URUG

RASAD HALOKES URUG NAKIDIDNEP IDUTS MARGORP

NAKIDIDNEP UMLI NASURUJ

NAKIDIDNEP UMLI NAD NAURUGEK SATLUKAF

AMRAHD ATANAS SATISREVINU

ATRAKAYGOY

102 3


ii


iii


vi

OTTOM

uamek ada aliB ada natilusek amasreb ,nalaj ada naka nanahadumek

)otradnE idiW sugA ;MB ispoP(

,nahut padahret nanohomrep napakgnu halada aoDaynalag alages habugnem naka aod nagned

kiwiw ailiciC( )itranirS


v

NAHABMESREP NAMALAH

hisak hunep nad sulut gnay naidbagnep napakgnu iagabes ini ayraK

:kutnuret

.1 .ayntamahar nad takreb sata suseY nahuT

.2 aynirtup kutnu aod naiakgnar paites kutnu haya nad ubI

.3 nakaodnem ulales gnay ukimauS

.4 kanA - ,idA :ukkana irA nad gnugA ,tupuP


iv

AYRAK NAILSAEK NAATAYNREP

ini silut ayas gnay ispirks awhab aynhuggnuses nagned nakataynem ayaS

naktubesid halet gnay ilaucek ,nial gnaro ayrak naigab uata ayrak taumem kadit

ayrak aynkayal anamiagabes ,akatsup ratfad napituk malad .haimli

,atrakaygoY iraurbeF 52 102 3

itileneP

itranirS kiwiW ailiciC


iiv

HAIMLI AYRAK ISAKILBUP NAUJUTESREP NAATAYNREP

SIMEDAKA NAGNITNEPEK KUTNU

gnay ayaS : ini hawabid nagnat adnatreb

amaN itranirS kiwiW ailiciC :

idutS margorP JGKS : - DSGP - 1S

satisrevinU .amrahD atanaS :

adapek nakhareynem ayas ,nauhategneP umlI nagnabmegnep imeD

:ludujreb gnay haimli ayrak ,amrahD atanaS satisrevinU naakatsuprep

huragneP“ aniM rajaleB isatserP padahreT acaB t aisenodnI asahaB

2 saleK N DS W olelono .”

nakisubsirtid nad nial aidem kutneb malad nakhilaid ,napmisid kutnU

amales ayas adapek niji atnimem ulrep apnat simedaka nagnitnepek nagned iauses

.silunep iagabes ayas aman nakmutnacnem patet

.aynranebes nagned taub ayas ini naataynrep naikimeD

kaygoY ,atra iraurbeF 52 102 3

itileneP



iiiv

KARTSBA

ASAHAB RAJALEB ISATSERP PADAHRET ACAB TANIM HURAGNEPOLELONOW IREGEN DS 2 SALEK AISENODNI


amrahD atanaS satisrevinU atrakaygoY

3102

huragnep raseb aparebes iuhategnem kutnu naujutreb ini naitileneP tanim padahret acab rajaleb isatserp retsemes olelonoW N DS 2 salek aisenodni asahab

3102/2102 nuhat 1 , asahab narajalep malad acab tanim halada naitilenep keybo aisenodni iregen DS awsis .olelonoW

es halada ini naitilenep malad isalupoP l olelonoW N DS 2 salek awsis huru ini naitileneP .awsis 02 halmujreb gnay naitilenep nakapurem sinejreb fitpirksed

nakanuggnem atad nalupmugnep kinkeT .fitatitnauk set nad rajaleb isatserpokisp alaks tekgna .igol itilenep malad sisilana kinkeT iserger halada ini na

anahredes 0,71 SSPS margorp nautnab nakanuggnem utnabid ini sisilanA . . sisilana nakrasadreB ,atad lisah helorepid tapad nakirebmem acab tanim

huragnep fitisop nad padahret nakifingis isatserp jaleb ra B asaha aisenodnI awsissalek olelonow iregeN DS 2 .0 = β( 4005 , ρ 00.0 = 0 .) iaynupmem acab taniM

.aisenodni asahab rajaleb isatserp padahret % 05 huragnep icnuK ataK ,rajaleb isatserp : acab tanim


xi

TCARTSBA

EHT FO TCEFFE EHT SDRAWOT TSERETNI GNIDAER NDS 2 EDARG NI NAISENODNI GNINRAEL FO TNEMEVEIHCA

LELONOW O

itranirS kiwiW ailiciC ytisrevinU amrahD atanaS

atrakaygoY 3102

hcum woh enimreted ot smia yduts sihT sdrawottseretni gnidaer tceffe eht

NDS 2 edarg ni naisenodnI gninarel fo tnemeveihca eht 1 retsemeS olelonoW aisenodnI asahaB nI tseretni gnidaer yduts siht fo tcejbo ehT .3102/2102 raey

.olelonoW NDS stneduts fo nossel olelonoW NDS 2 edarg ni stneduts lla erew yduts siht ni noitalupop ehT

sed si hcraeser sihT .stneduts 02 fo rebmun latot htiw evitatitnauq evitpirc gninrael stneduts gnisu si atad gnitcelloc desu seuqinhcet ehT .hcraeser siht ni euqinhcet lacitylana ehT .tsil ygolohcysp fo elacs eht dna tnemeveihca

gnisu yb dezylana si hcraeser siht ni desu atad ehT .noisserger elpmis si hcraeser .0.71 SSPS

stceffa tseretni gnidaer taht deriuqca si ti ,sisylana atad eht no desaB NDS 2 edarg ni naisenodnI gninrael ni tnemeveihca eht sdrawot yltnacifingis

.) 000.0 = p ,4005.0 = β( olelonow gnidaer ehT tseretni sdrawot tceffe %05 evahtnemeveihca eht naisenodnI gninrael ni .

:sdrowyeK tseretni gnidaer fles , - enilpicsid


x

RATNAGNEP ATAK

gnay ,gnayayneP ahaM gnaY nahuT taridahek naktajnap imak rukuys ijuP

tapad silunep aggnihes ,aynhisak nad takreb nakhapmilem ulales asaitnanes

ks nataubmep nakiaseleynem .taifa law tahes isidnok nagned ispir

kutnu nataraysrep ihunemem akgnar malad nususid ini ispirkS

S( utas atarts anajras takgnit iduts nakiaseleynem - anajraS idutS margorP )1

halokeS uruG nakididneP idutS margorP natabaJ malaD uruG igab nakididnepeK

rasaD .atrakaygoY amrahD atanaS satisrevinU

kadit utnet ispirks nanusuynep aggnih naitilenep nataigek naanaskaleP

kiab ,kahip iagabreb irad nautnab nad nagnukud apnat kiab nagned lisahreb naka

akpacugnem silunep uti anerak helO .liutirips nupuam lirom ,iretam hisakamiret n

rasebes gnay - nagned nautnab irebmem halet gnay kahip aumes adapek aynraseb

:adapek amaturet ,salki sulut

.1 ,idnahoR kapaB .D.hP umlI nad naurugeK satlukaF nakeD ukales

nad naitilenep naanaskalep malad niji irebmem halet gnay nakididneP

usuynep .ispirks nan

.2 .mR margorP autek ukales ,.A.M ,T.S.B ,.J.S ,atnaharguN irA suirogerG

.rasaD halokeS uruG nakididneP idutS

.3 .B.Y.srD kapaB A .A.M,anassamid ukales rotanidrooK JGKS margorP

satisrevinU nakididneP umlI nad naurugeK satlukaF DSGP idutS margorP

.ispirks nanusuynep racnalrepmem utnabmem halet gnay,amrahD atanaS


ix

.4 ,anahaW suluaP .srD kapaB .muh.M nagned gnay imak gnibmibmep ukales

aidesreb halet narabasek hunep naharagnep irebmem nad utkaw nakgnaulem

.silunep adapek

.5 halet gnay olelonoW N DS halokes alapeK ukaleS .dP .S inrapaS ubI

nanusuynep utnabmem nad naitilenep naanaskalep malad utnabmem kaynab

.ispirks

.6 lad naras nad kitirk nakirebmem halet gnay itayimuS ubI naanaskalep ma

.ispirks nanusuynep nad naitileneP

.7 naadaek malad ulales aynirtsi raga aod nakirebmem halet gnay ukimauS

.ispirks nanusuynep malad nad naitilenep malad tahes

.8 kana aumeS - gnay ukkana s nasilunep malad utnabmem halet iapmas ispirk

.iaseles

.9 nameT - nad aod troppus sata nagnawaS kopmolek hailuk namet

,aynnaamasrebek .aumes atik kutnu seskus

.01 namet aumeS - nakirebmem halet gnay olelonoW N DS uruG namet

nad naitilenep malad sagut nakanaskalem silunep kutnu natapmesek

.ispirks nanusuynep

.11 gnay kahip panegeS nad naitilenep naanaskalep utnabmem halet

,ispirks nanusuynep hisakamiret ,inisid naksilutid tapad kadit numan

.kaynab

sata idub salab adnat iagabes taubrep silunep tapad gnay ada kadiT

,uaileb nakiabek ebid akerem kiab nataubrep agomes aod aynah ilaucek helo itakr

.asE ahaM gnaY nahuT tapad hailuk amales amiret silunep gnay agomes naD


iix

,kidid kana igab taafnamreb ,halokes malad iridnes irid nad takaraysam

.rasaD halokeS nakididnep utum natakgninep

atrakaygoY , iraurbeF 52 102 3

itileneP

S kiwiW ailiciC itranir


iiix

ISI RATFAD

LUDUJ NAMALAH ................................ ................................ .................. i

NAUJUTESREP NAMALAH ................................ ................................ ... ii

NAHASEGNEP NAMALAH ................................ ................................ .... iii

OTTOM NAMALAH ................................ ................................ ................ vi

NAHABMESREP NAMALAH ................................ ................................ . v

NATAYNREP NAILSAEK SILUT AYRAK ................................ ........... vi

AYRAK ISAKILBUP NAUJUTESREP NAATAYNREP ....................... iv i

KARTSBA ................................ ................................ ................................ .. iiv i

TCARTSBA ................................ ................................ ............................... xi

RATNAGNEP ATAK ................................ ................................ ................ x

ISI RATFAD ................................ ................................ .............................. iiix

LEBAT RATFAD ................................ ................................ ...................... vx i

RATFAD ABMAG R ................................ ................................ .................. ivx i

NARIPMAL RATFAD ................................ ................................ .............. ivx ii

I BAB NAULUHADNEP

.A rataL akaleB gn ................................ ................................ .................. 1

.B halasaM nasataB ................................ ................................ ............... 4

.C nasumuR lasaM ha ................................ ................................ ............. 4

.D naitregneP nasataB ................................ ................................ ........... 4

.E naujuT aitileneP n ................................ ................................ .............. 5

.F taafnaM naitileneP ................................ ................................ ............ 5

BAB II NAIJAK IROET

.A naijaK akatsuP ................................ ................................ ................... 7

.1 nauajniT erp gnatnet rajaleb isats ................................ .............. 7

.a naitregneP isatserP ................................ ............................... 7

.b naitregneP rajaleB ................................ ................................ 8

.c naitregneP rajaleB isatserP ................................ ................... 01


vix

.d rotkaF - rajaleB isatserP ihuragnepmeM gnay rotkaf .............. 31

.2 acab tanim gnatnet nauajniT ................................ ....................... 32

.a naitregneP taniM ................................ ................................ .. 32

.b taniM kepsA ................................ ................................ ....... 42

.B lisaH naveleR gnaY naitileneP ................................ .......................... 03

.C akgnareK rikipreB ................................ ................................ ............. 31

.D sisetopiH naitileneP ................................ ................................ ........... 31

III BAB NAITILENEP IGOLODOTEM

.A sineJ naitileneP ................................ ................................ ................. 32

.B lepmaS nad isalupoP naitileneP ................................ ......................... 33

.C naitileneP kejbuS ................................ ................................ .............. 34

.D utkaW nad tapmeT ................................ ................................ ........... 34

.E lebairaV naitileneP ................................ ................................ ............ 34

.F lebairaV lanoisarepO isinifeD ................................ ............................ 43

.1 aisenodnI asahaB acaB taniM ................................ .................... 43

.2 aisenodnI asahaB rajaleB isatserP ................................ .............. 43

.3 83 .............................................................. satilibaileR nad satidilaV

.G nalupmugneP edoteM ataD

.1 tekgna rabmeL ................................ ................................ ........... 53

.2 63 ................................................................................................ seT

.H ataD asilanA edoteM

.1 sisilanA tarayasarP ijU ................................ ............................... 43

.a 34 ......................................................................... satilamroN ijU

.b ijU 44 ........................................................................... satiraeniL

.c 44 ................................................................ satireinilokitluM ijU

.d .................................................. aboC ijU ataD ispirkseD 54 .......

.I sisetopiH naijugneP

.1 64 ......................................................... anahredeS isergeR sisilanA

.2 74 ............................................................... isergeR nairaV sisilanA


vx

VI BAB NAITILENEP LISAH NAD NASAHABMEP

.A naitileneP ataD ispirkseD ................................ ................................ ... 46

.1 acaB taniM ................................ ................................ ................ 46

.2 aH isatserP aisenodnI asahaB rajaleB lis ................................ ...... 15

.B naijugneP ismusA ................................ ................................ .............. 54

.1 satilamroN ................................ ................................ ................. 54

.2 satireiniL ................................ ................................ ................... 55

.C lisaH naijugneP isergeR ................................ ................................ ..... 55

.1 isifeoK isanimreteD nad isareloK ne ................................ ........... 56

.2 isergeR naamasreP ................................ ................................ ..... 57

.D nasahabmeP ................................ ................................ ....................... 57

V BAB NARAS NAD NALUPMISEK

.A nalupmiseK ................................ ................................ ....................... 59

.B naraS ................................ ................................ ................................ . 59

RATFAD AKATSUP ....................................................... 16 .............................

NARIPMAL


ivx

LEBAT RATFAD

lebaT namalaH

.1 isiK – acaB taniM isiK ......................... ......................................... 53

.2 isiK – ....................... isaterP seT isiK ............................. ............... 63

.3 taniM nemurtsnI satidilaV .................... acaB ............................. 93 ...

.4 aisenodnI rajaleB isatserP nemurtsnI satidilaV 04 .............................

.5 ...................................... acaB taniM fitpirkseD 94 .............................

.6 ....................... acaB taniM rokS nagnologgneP ............................. 50

.7 ....................... acaB taniM napaggnaT narabeS 05 .............................

.8 ..................................... aisenodnI asahaB ialiN 25 .............................

.9 ....................... aisenodnI asahaB ialiN narabeS ...................... 25 .......

.01 ahaB rajaleB isatserP ialiN nagnologgneP 35 ................ aisenodnI as

.11 .............................. satilamroN naijugneP lisaH 45 .............................

.21 ................................... isergeR naijugneP lisaH 55 .............................


iivx

rabmaG ratfaD

rabmaG namalaH

.1 ....................................... acaB taniM margotsiH 15 .............................

.2 aisenodnI asahaB rajaleB isatserP ialiN margotsiH 45 .......................

.3 giS ..................... isanimreteD neisifeoK isakifin 65 .............................


iiivx

naripmaL ratfaD

naripmaL namalaH

.1 isiK .1 naripmaL - ........................... acaB taniM tekgnA satidilaV isiK 36

.2 taniM tekgnA laoS .2 naripmaL ..................... aisenodnI asahaB acaB 46

.3 isiK .3 naripmaL - ....................................... isatserP seT satidilaV isiK 66

.4 .......................................................... rajaleB isatserP seT .4 naripmaL 76

.5 naialineP rokS .5 naripmaL .................................................................. 37

.6 .............................................................. acaB taniM ialiN .6 naripmaL 47

.7 ......................................... acaB taniM satidilaV ijU ataD .7 naripmaL 67

.8 maL ............................................... isatserP satidilaV ijU ataD .8 narip 87

.9 ............................................. acaB taniM naitileneP ataD .9 naripmaL 08

.01 isatserP naitileneP ataD .01 naripmaL ................................................. 28

.11 SSPS nakanuggneM nagneD isergeR naijugneP lisaH .11 naripmaL

......................................................................... 71 droW 48

.21 eB isatserP esatneserP .21 naripmaL ............................................ rajal 09

.31 ....................................................... naitileneP nijI taruS .31 naripmaL 69

.41 ............. naitileneP nakukaleM haleT nagnareteK taruS .41 naripmaL 79


1

I BAB

NAULUHADNEP

.A halasaM gnakaleB rataL

narajalep naktapmenem gnay aragen utas halas nakapurem aisenodnI

gnadnu malad tarisret ini lah nakamatuid gnay aisenodnI asahab - gnadnu

lanoisaN nakididneP metsiS gnatnet 3002 nuhat 02 .oN aisenodnI kilupeR

,acabmem ayadub nagned nakaraggnelesid nakididneP“ 4 lasaP 1 baB

.”takaraysam agraw paneges igab gnutihreb nad silunem narajalep ayngnitneP

nep irad tahilid tapad aguj aisenodnI asahaB asahab narajalep naanugg

.lanoisan araces naiju atam utas halas iages aisenodni

nakkujnunem gnay itkub utas halas nakapurem rajaleb isatserP

rajaleb sesorp nakukalem gnay gnaroeses nalisahrebek uata naupmamek

aynhiarid gnay ialin uata tobob nagned iausess isatserP .)6991,lekniW(

.nakhasipid asib kadit gnay nautasek utas halada rajaleb sesorp nad rajaleb

sesorp haubes irad rihka lisah halada ayntakikah adap rajaleb isatserp aneraK

ukalid aynasaib gnaroeses rajaleb isatserp iuhategnem kutnU .rajaleb k na

ave .nakirebid halet gnay rajaleb iretam padahret isaul

jaleb isatserP gnitnep itra kaynab ikilimem ra , id halada aynaratna

)nasadrecek( pares ayad padahret rotakidni nakidajid tapad rajaleb isatserp

.gnaroses halasam nakapurem kidid kana ,rajagnem rajaleb sesorp malaD

upmam nakparahid gnay halkidid kana anerak ,amatrep nad amatu gnay

malad nakmargorpid halet gnay narajalep iretam hurules pareynem


2

na rajaleb isatserp isgnuf aparebeb irad tahilid akiJ .mulukiruk ab ,kidid ka ki

kopmolek nupuam nagnaroesrep s aynah kadit rajaleb isatserp isgnuf babe

iagabes aguj ipatet ,utnetret iduts gnadib malad nalisahrebek rotakidni iagabes

.nakididnep isutitsni satilauk rotakidni

iD abes anugreb aguj rajaleb isatserp uti gnipmas igab kilab napmu iag

tapad aggnihes ,rajagnem rajaleb sesorp nakanaskalem malad urug

uata nagnibmib ,sisongaid nakadagnem ulrep hakapa nakutnenem

,hcabnorc helo nakakumekid halet gnay anamiagabeS .kidid kana natapmenep

agar kaynab rajaleb isatserp naanugek nad ilha adap gnutnagret ,aynm

gnisam aynisrev - :tukireb iagabes halada aynaratnaid numaN .gnisam iagabes

ilab napmu ,rajagnem malad kididnep igab k ,kitsongaid naulrepek kutnu

kutnu ,iskeles naulrepek kutnu ,nahuluynep nad nagnibmib naulrepek kutnu

ulrepek nad ,mulukiruk isi nakutnenem kutnu ,nasurujnep uata natapmenep na

.halokes naanaskajibek nakutnenem kutnu

padahret huragnepreb gnay rotkaF gnaroeses irid lasareb gnay irad

.isidnok nad kisif isidnok apureb tapad irid malad gnay awsis kisif rotkaF

sis utiay ,sigoloisif rotkaf itupilem aynrajaleb isatserp naktakgninem tapad aw

,tahes ayninamsaj ardni acnap isgnuf ,ihunepret izigreb nanakam nahutubek

itupilem sikisp rotkaf nakgnadeS .natahilgnep nad naragnednep amaturet

rotkaf ,isatnaf ,napaggnat ,natamagnep ,naitahrep ,tanim ,fitom ,isavitom

.awsis takab nad isnegeletni gnilas numan ,iridnes iridreb kadit uti rotkaF

raga naitahrep naktapadnem ulrep awsis sikisp nad kisif isidnok tiakret

.gnabmies nalajreb


3

gnay rotkaf utas halaS rajaleb isatserp malad huragnepreb tagnas

ankamreb aisenodnI asahab raseb sumak malad ,taniM .tanim halada awsis

gnay rotkaf utas halas nakapurem ,utauses padahret naramegek uata naitahrep

otkaf malad gnologret gnay gnaroeses rajaleb isatserp ihuragnepmem r

.lanretni itom rebmus nakapurem taniM v kutnu gnaro gnorodnem gnay isa

hilimem sabeb akerem alib naknigni akerem gnay apa nakukalem ( kcolruH ,

:5991 .)441

nakrasadreB 2 salek awsis set lisah irad helorep itilenep gnay atad

hagnet I retsemes lonoW iregeN DS 3102/2102 nuhaT ole tukireb iagabes :

atar - 86,6 atar , 08,9 iggnitret ialin , hadneret ialin .00,2 tubesret ialin lisah iraD

set ialin awhab tahilid tapad narajalep atam I retsemes hagnet asahaB

aisenodnI awsis .fitairav tagnas olelonoW iregeN DS 2 salek

aisenodnI asahaB narajalep atam rajaleb isatserp aynhadner iggniT

helo nakbabesid I retsemes hagnet set adap olelonoW iregeN DS 2 salek

naadebrep :

.1 P naitahre .narajalep padahret awsis

.2 .agraulek nagnukuD

.3 .takaraysam nagnukgnil nagnukuD

.4 .awsis acab taniM

id gnakaleb ratal iraD ,sata itilenep naitilenep malad naksukofmem

natiak malad awsis acabmem tanim adap ny awsis rajaleb isatserp nagned a ,

ep akam itilen “ gnatnet tujnal hibel iuhategnem nigni huragneP B taniM aca


4

rajaleB isatserP padahret awsiS aisenodnI asahaB DS II saleK awsiS

.”olelonoW iregeN

.B halasaM nasataB .

,anacner irad gnapmiynem kadit nad salej ini naitilenep hara ragA

tilenep adaP .halasam nasatabmep aynada ulrep isatabmem itilenep ini nai

adap :

.1 acab taniM

.2 odnI asahab rajaleb isatserP aisen

.C halasaM nasumuR

id gnakaleb ratal nakrasadreB akam sata itilenep naksumurem

naitilenep nahalasamrep : tukireb iagabes

.1 acab tanim hakapA huragnepreb et rajaleb isatserp padahr B asaha

I aisenodn N DS 2 salek irege olelonoW 3102/2102 narajaleP nuhaT ?

.2 raseb apareB padahret acab tanim huragnep isatserp isatserp rajaleb atam

narajalep 2 salek aisenodnI asahaB olelonoW iregeN DS narajaleP nuhaT

3102/2102 ?

.D naitregneP nasataB

.1 acab taniM :

,kadnehek iagabes nakitraid taniM asimaK( naakusek uata nanigniek ,

:7991 .)073 atres nakukalid gnay sesorp utaus halada acabmeM

kadneh gnay nasep helorepmem kutnu acabmep helo nakanugrepid

atak aidem iulalem silunep helo nakiapmasid - nosgdoH silut asahab/atak


5

nagiraT malad ( :9791 .)7 nanigniek halada acab taniM nasep helorepmem

atak iulalem silunep helo nakiapmasid gnay - .silut asahab uata atak

.2 : rajaleB isatserP

rajaleb isatserp awhab nakakumegnem )77 :3991( osranuG firA

nakanaskalem haletes gnaroeses helo iapacid gnay lamiskam ahasu halada

ahasu - .rajaleb ahasu

.E T naitileneP nauju

: halada ini naitilenep irad naujuT

.1 iuhategnem kutnU tanim huragnep ada hakapa isatserp padahret acab

rajaleb B asaha I N DS 2 salek aisenodn irege lonoW ole narajaleP nuhaT

3102/2102 .

.2 im huragnep raseb apareb iuhategnem kutnU padahret acab tan isatserp

rajaleb olelonoW iregeN DS 2 salek aisenodnI asahaB narajaleP nuhaT

3102/2102 .

.F naitileneP taafnaM

.1 halokes igaB

naktakgninem hibel tapad raga halokes igab nagnabmitrep anamiagabeS

kutnu awsis acab tanim p iapacnem r rajaleb isatse .nakparahid gnay

.2 urug igaB

gabeS a i isavitomem nagned isnetepmok naktakgninem raga nakusam

awsis raga tanim iaynupmem acab kiab gnay isatserp iapacnem kutnu


6

.3 awsis igaB

raga awsis nagnorod irebmem tapad raga ini naitilenep lisaH iaynupmem

acab tanim .aynrajaleb isatserp ucamem kutnu


7

II BAB

IROET NAIJAK

.A akatsuP naijaK

.1 jniT .rajaleb isatserp gnatnet naua

.a isatserP naitregneP

:)4002 ,idraniW .J malad( yarruM turunem isatserp naitregneP

a rajaleb isatserP alad m h .tilus gnay naajrekep uata sagut nakanaskale

kejbo isasinagrognem uata isalupinamem ,iasaugneM - ,laksif kejbo

edi uata aisunam - lah nakanaskalem kutnu edi - tapeces tubesret lah

.ukalreb gnay isidnok iauses nikgnum nednepednies nad nikgnum

up amrofrep iapacneM malad gnanem upmaM .iridnes irid kutnu kacn

iulalem irid naupmamek naktakgnineM .nial kahip nagned nagniasrep

.lisahreb araces takab naparenep

:5891( engaG nakadebid rajaleb isatserp awhab nakataynem )04

: utiay ,kepsa amil idajnem ,fitingok igetarts ,lautkeletni naupmamek

isamrofni tek nad pakis ,labrev e eM .nalipmar un moolB tur malad(

,otnukirA imisrahuS :0991 )011 nakadebid rajaleb lisah awhab

utiay kepsa agit idajnem .kirotomokisp nad fitkefa ,fitingok

lisah uata napakacek nakapurem isatserP gnok k tapad gnay tir

nakrasadreB .utnetret edoirep uata taas adap iapacid tapadnep

iapacid halet gnay lisah halada ini naitilenep malad isatserp ,tubesret

.narajalebmep sesorp malad awsis

7


8

awsis lautkeletni naupmameK s tagna nalisahrebek nakutnenem

lisahreb iuhategnem kutnU .isatserp helorepmem malad awsis

aynkadit ,isaulave utaus nakukalid ulrep rajaleb malad gnaroeses

haletes awsis helorepid gnay isatserp iuhategnem kutnu aynnaujut

.gnusgnalreb rajagnem rajaleb sesorp

aynada anerak helorepid lisah nakitraid tapad isatserp nupadA

.nakukalid halet gnay rajaleb sativitka gnaro kaynab numaN

iracnem halada rajaleb nagned duskamid gnay awhab napaggnareb

.umli tutunem nad umli

.b naitregneP rajaleB

adA dloraH ,hcabnorC .rajaleb gnatnet ilha arap tapadnep aparebeb

:5002( M.A namridaS malad hcoeG nad sraepS : tukireb iagabes )02

)1 : isinifed nakirebmem hcaborC

“ a yb nwohs si gninraeL c fo tluser sa roivaheb ni egnah.”ecneirepxe

halada rajaleB“ ukalirep malad nahaburep naktahilrepmem

.”namalagnep irad lisah iagabes

)2 : nasatab nakirebmem srepS dloraH

ot ,sevlesmeht gnihtemos yrt ot ,daer ot ,evresbo si gninraeL“.”noitcerid wollof ot ,netsil

,isaisinireb ,acabmem ,itamagnem halada rajaleB“ abocnem

.”nahara/kujnutep itukignem ,nakragnednem ,iridnes utauses )3 : nakatagnem ,hcoeG

ahc a si gninraeL“ n .”ecitarp fo tluser a sa ecnamofrep ni eg

lisah iagabes nalipmanep malad nahaburep halada rajaleB“”ketkarp


9

id isinifed agitek iraD tapad sata uti rajaleb awhab naklupmisid

,nalipmanep uata ukal hakgnit nahaburep nakapurem asaitnanes

,itamagnem ,acabmem nagned aynlasim nataigek naiakgnares nagned

.ayniagabes nial nad urinem ,nakragnednem B kiab hibel naka rajale

bus is ualak j a imalagnem rajaleb ke kadit idaj ,aynnakukalem uat

aynranebes udividni nataigek iagabes rajaleB .kitsilabrev tafisreb

nagnasgnar nakapurem - aynadapek mirikid gnay udividni nagnasgnar

.nagnukgnil helo gnay rajaleb nataigek aynidajret naikimed nagneD

dividni gnaroes helo nakukalid aratna sumur helo naksalejid tapad u

.nagnukgnil nad udividni

:5991( artupataniW .S nidU helo pitukid gnay itrepes anatnoF

awhab nakakumekid )2 gninraeL naitregnep gnudnagnem )rajaleb(

iagabes udividni ukalirp malad patet fitaler gnay nahaburep sesorp

isah helo nakakumekid aguj rajaleb naitregneP .namalagnep irad l

:3002( otemalS gnay ahasu sesorp utaus halada rajaleb inkay )2

ukal hakgnit nahaburep utaus helorepmem kutnu gnaroeses nakukalid

iridnes aynnamalagnep lisah iagabes ,nahurulesek araces urab gnay

d .aynnagnukgnil nagned iskaretni mala

tapadnep nagned saraleS - id tapadnep mikaH nasruhT ,sata

:0002( sesorp utaus halada rajaleb awhab nakakumegnem )1

id nahaburep tubesret nahaburep nad ,aisunam naidabirpek malad

tilauk natakgninep kutneb malad nakkapmatid hakgnit satitnauk nad sa

amep ,pakis ,nauhategnep ,napakacek ,natakgninep itrepes ukal ,namah


01

tek e rikip ayad ,nalipmar satilauk natakgninep awhab itrareb ini laH .

kutneb malad naktahilrepid gnaroeses ukal hakgnit satitnauk nad

uk nad satilauk aynnahabmatrep iagabreb malad gnaroeses satitna

naktapadnem kadit gnaroeses alibapa ,rajaleb sesorp malaD .gnadib

satitnauk nad satilauk natakgninep utaus tapadnem kadit utaus

imalagnem muleb aynranebes tubesret gnaro akam ,naupmamek

nial atak nagned uata rajaleb sesorp maladid nalagagek imalagnem ai

.rajaleb sesorp

kutnu awsis utnabmem tapad fitkefe gnay rajaleB

naujut nagned iauses nakparahid gnay naupmamek naktakgninem

rajaleb isatserp naktakgninem kutnU .iapacid nigni gnay lanoiskurtsni

k nakitahrepid ulrep kiab gnay isidnoK .lanretske nad lanretni isidno

k halada lanretni o itrepes ,awsis irid malad ada gnay isautis uata isidn

amek ,nalipmartek ,natahesek m gnaur aynlasim ,ayniagabes nad ,naup

.iadamem gnay rajaleb anarasarp nad anaras ,hisreb gnay rajaleb

.c naitregneP rajaleB isatserP

isatserP rajaleb nakhasipid tapad kadit gnay lah nakapurem

,sesorp nakapurem rajaleb nataigek anerak ,rajaleb nataigek irad

isatserp nakgnades nakapurem imahameM .rajaleb sesorp irad lisah

ah raseb sirag araces rajaleb isatserp naitregnep kalot kititreb sur

ilha arap uti kutnU .iridnes uti rajaleb naitregnep adapek

adebreb gnay ayntapadnep nakakumegnem - gnay nagned iauses adeb

atik tapad uti adebreb gnay tapadnep irad numaN .tuna akerem


11

satserp nagned nagnubuheS .naamasrep kitit utas nakumet ,rajaleb i

: tukireb iagabes isinifed nakirebmem hokot aparebeb

)1 :9991( lekniW turuneM )64

)a helo iapacid halet gnay ”rajaleb lisah“ halada rajaleb isatserP

naklisahgnem nad utnetret narajalep atam malad awsis

nahaburep - nad nauhategnep gnadib malad nahaburep

.”ialin nad pakis ,nalipmartek ,namahamep

)b uata rajaleb nalisahrebek itkub utaus halada rajaleb isatserP

nataigek nakukalem malad awsis gnaroeses naupmamek

.ayniapacid gnay tobob nagned iauses aynrajaleb

)c 1( noitusaN .S turunem nakgnadeS :699 eb isatserp )71 rajal

halada malad gnaroeses iapacid gnay naanrupmeseK :

nakatakid rajaleb isatserP .taubreb nad asarem ,rikifreb

t ihunemem alibapa anrupmes ,fitingok :inkay kepsa agi

fa gnaruk isatserp nakatakid aynkilabes ,rotomokisp nad ,fitke

b gnaroeses akij naksaumem tegrat ihunemem upmam mule

.tubesret airetirk agitek malad

)d halet gnay nalisahrebek itkub akapurem rajaleb isatserP

nakapurem rajaleb isatserp akaM .gnaroeses helo iapacid

haletes gnaroeses helo iapacid gnay mumiskam lisah

ahasu nakanaskalem - .rajaleb ahasu


21

)e :3991( osranuG firA isatserp awhab nakakumegnem )77

gnaroeses helo iapacid gnay lamiskam ahasu halada rajaleb

ahasu nakanaskalem haletes - .rajaleb ahasu

)2 :4991( otnimradowreoP turunem aguj naikimeD malad )07

duskamid gnay aisenodnI asahaB raseB sumaK rajaleb isatserp

tek nad nauhategnep naasaugnep“ halada e gnay nalipmar

nakkujnutid aynmizal aynnarajalep atam helo nakgnabmekid

.urug nakirebid gnay ialin nagned

d rajaleb isatserP i irad lisah nakapurem nakididnep gnadib

y kidid atresep padahret narukugnep ,fitingok rotkaf itupilem gna

narajalebmep sesorp itukignem haletes rotomokisp nad fitkefa

.naveler gnay set nemurtsni nakanuggnem nagned rukuid gnay

ahasu naialinep irad narukugnep lisah halada rajaleb isatserp idaJ

is kutneb malad nakataynid gnay rajaleb nupuam furuh ,lobm

paites helo iapacid hadus gnay lisah nakatirecnem gnay tamilak

.utnetret edoirep adap kana

id naitregnep nakrasadreB naksalejid tapad akam ,sata

gnay naaisunamek takgnit nakapurem rajaleb isatserp awhab

em ,amirenem malad awsis ikilimid isamrofni ialinem nad kalon -

isatserP .rajagnem rajaleb sesorp malad helorepid gnay isamrofni

gnaroeses rajaleb rukuid nalisahrebek takgnit nagned iauses

malad nakataynid gnay narajalep iretam irajalepmem malad


31

s iduts gnadib paites tropar uata ialin kutneb nem halete imalag

.rajagnem rajaleb sesorp

.isaulave nakadaid haletes iuhatekid tapad awsis isatserP

uata iggnit gnatnet naktahilrepmem tapad isaulave irad lisaH

hadner .awsis rajaleb isatserp ayn

.d rotkaF - rajaleB isatserP ihuragnepmeM gnay rotkaf

.1 rotkaF lanretnI

irid malad irad gnatad gnay rotkaf halada lanretni rotkaF

nial aratna uti iridnes awsis malad irad rotkaf dujuW .gnaroeses

tanim gnaruk ,rajaleb naujut iaynupmem kadit ,isnegeletni farat

.sigoloisif isidnok ,narajalep nahab padahret

iapacnem kutnU gnay anamiagabes awsis rajaleb isatserp

gnay rotkaf aparebeb nakitahrepid ulrep akam ,nakparahid

tapadret gnay rotkaf :nial aratna rajaleb isatserp ihuragnepmem

iridret gnay rotkaf nad ,)lanretni rotkaf( awsis irid malad malad

tske rotkaf( awsis raul irad rotkaF .)lanre - irad lasareb gnay rotkaf

nad takaraysam ,halokes ,agraulek rotkaf halada nial aratna kana

.ayniagabes

:9991( lekniW SW turuneM ihuragnepmem gnay rotkaf )56

: tukireb iagabes naktubesid tapad nial aratna rajaleb isatserp

)1 isnegeletni/nasadreceK

adap aisunam isnegeletni awhab iuhatekid anamiagabeS

naadaek nakkujnunem aynsusuhk adap awsis nad aynmumu


41

natakgnit utaus nakkujnunem nagned isairavreb tagnas gnay -

gnay awsis igab naikimed nagned aggnihes natakgnit

negeletni ikilimem helorepmem nagnurednecnek ada iggnit is

akerem nagned nakgnidnabid akij kiab gnay rajaleb isatserp

gnades isnegeletni ikilimem gnay . F y nial rotka aguj gna

p padahret huragnepreb halokes id awsis rajaleb sesor :

)a :5991( onotraK turuneM nakapurem nasadrecek )1

nakutnenem tagnas nad ,gnitnep gnay kepsa utas halas“

awsis gnaroes alibapA .gnaroeses iduts aynkadit lisahreb

sataid uata lamron nasadrecek takgnit iaynupmem

isatserp iapacnem tapad ai isnetop araces akam lamron

.”iggnit gnay

)b :5991( otemalS akatagnem )65 takgnit“ awhab n

gnay adapirad lisahreb hibel naka iggnit gnay isnegeletni

.”hadner gnay isnegeletni takgnit iaynupmem

)c :9991( nibbihuM nikames“ awhab tapadnepreb )531

akam awsis gnaroeses isnegeletni naupmamek iggnit

kus hiarem kutnu aynaulep raseb nikames .ses

isnegeletni naupmamek hadner nikames ,aynkilabeS

kutnu aynaulep licek nikames akam awsis gnaroes

.”seskus hiarem


51

)2 takaB

ikilimid halet gnay utnetret naupmamek halada takaB

ini napakgnU .naawabmep napakacek iagabes gnaroeses

gnay apa nagned iauses otnawruP milagN helo nakakumekid

:6891( takab“ awhab )82 ( edutitpa ) ,napakacek itrareb gnay

napuggnasek ianegnem utiay - .”utnetret napuggnasek

:5991( onotraK halada takab“ awhab nakataynem )2

kutnu natapmesek nakirebid ualak naupmamek uata isnetop

gnay napakacek idajnem naka rajaleb iulalem nakgnabmekid

”.atayn

:9991( nibbihuM hayS takab“ nakatagnem )631

nakukalem kutnu udividni naupmamek iagabes nakitraid

gut nad nakididnep ayapu adap gnutnagreb kaynab apnat sa

”.nahital

aynhubmut awhab halsalej sataid tapadnep iraD

takab helo nakutnetid tagnas gnaroeses adap utnetret nailhaek

tapad ini takab nagned nagnubuhes aynikilimid gnay

satserp aynhadner iggnit iaynupmem gnadib rajaleb i - gnadib

rajaleb amaturet rajaleb sesorp malaD .utnetret iduts

tek e takab ,nalipmar ikilimem malad gnitnep nanarep

igalapA .kiab gnay isatserp naka lisah utaus iapacnem

kutnu aynkana askamem aut gnaro uata urug gnaroes


61

gnay utauses nakukalem akam ayntakab nagned iauses kadit

.tubesret kana nanigniek kasurem naka

.2 rotkaF lanretske

kaf halada lanretske rotkaF rot - tapad gnay rotkaf

,awsis irid raul id ayntafis gnay rajaleb isatserp ihuragnepmem

utiay namalagnep aparebeb - ,namalagnep naadaek ,agraulek

.ayniagabes nad aynratikes nagnukgnil ini nagnukgnil huragneP

adit nad fitisop tafisreb aynmumu adap naaskap nakirebmem k

vidni adapek di kaf )06 :5991( otemalS turuneM .u lanretske rot

,agraulek naadaek“ halada rajaleb ihuragnepmem tapad gnay

aadaek ”.takaraysam nagnukgnil nad halokes n

)a agrauleK naadaeK

malad licekret nagnukgnil nakapurem agrauleK

takaraysam tapmet .nakrasebid nad nakrihalid gnaroeses

: awhab otemalS helo naksalejid gnay anamiagabeS

.amatu nad amatrep nakididnep agabmel halada agraulek“

ipatet ,nakididnep kutnu aynitra raseb tahes gnay agrauleK

nakididnep utiay raseb naruku malad nakutnenem tafisreb

”.ainud nad aragen ,asgnab

adA alad nama asar ayn gnitnep tagnas agraulek m

malad rebek uti nama asaR .rajaleb malad gnaroeses nalisah

araces rajaleb kutnu gnorodret naka gnaroeses taubmem


71

nataukek utas halas nakapurem nama asar anerak ,fitka

.rajaleb kutnu isavitom habmanem gnay raul irad gnorodnep

:4991( hallubsaH ini lah malaD atagnem )64 : nak

,amatrep gnay nakididnep nagnukgnil nakapurem agrauleK“

amatrep kana halini agraulek malad anerak - amat

sagut nakgnades nagnibmib nad nakididnep naktapadnem

iagabes halai kana nakididnep igab agraulek malad amatu

kalhka nakididnep igab rasad katelep pudih nagnadnap nad

”.naamagaek

awhab iradaynem aynkadneh aut gnaro uti anerak helO

halokes nakgnadeS .agraulek irad ialumid nakididnep

.natujnal nakididnep nakapurem nakididnep nahilareP

agabmel ek isamrofni - nakulremem lamrof agabmel

kiab gnay amasajrek iagabes urug nad aut gnaro aratna

nalaJ .kana rajaleb lisah naktakgninem ahasu malad kididnep

surah aut gnaro anamid ,naktakgnitid ulrep gnay amasajrek

id kana rajaleb arac gnatnet suires gnay naitahrep huranem

kirebmem tapad aut gnaro naitahreP .hamur nad nagnorod na

aneraK.nuket nagned rajaleb tapad kana aggnihes isavitom

kiab gnay naadaek nad tapmet ,utkaw nakulremem kana

.rajaleb kutnu


81

)b halokeS naadaeK

lamrof nakididnep agabmel nakapurem halokeS

nakutnenem malad gnitnep tagnas gnay amatrep nalisahrebek

tapad kiab gnay halokes nagnukgnil uti anerak ,awsis rajaleb

halokes naadaeK .taig hibel gnay rajaleb kutnu gnorodnem

nagned urug nagnubuh ,narajalep naijaynep arac itupilem ini

tala ,awsis - aratna nagnubuH .mulukiruk nad narajalep tala

ad urug lisah ihuragnepmem naka kiab gnaruk awsis n - lisah

.aynrajaleb

.kana rajaleb ihuragnepmem tapad halokes nagnukgniL

apadnep irad tahilid tapad ini laH :3002( kilamaH rameO t

511 - gnatnet naktubeynem )611 ,narajalep irebmem arac :

gnaruk ,naacab nahab ayngnaruk narajalep nahab ,aidem ayn

,awsis naupmamek nagned iauses kadit narajalep nahab

kaynab ulalret .

rajagnep awhab nakiaruid tapad sataid tapadnep iraD

iaynupmem narajalep iretam nakiapmaynem malad urug uata

nrajaleb isatserp padahret raseb pukuc gnay huragnep .ay

alop helo isanimodid gnay urug nanipmimepek alop aynasaiB

kana satifitaerk aynpututret naktabikagnem naka satiroto

.kidid

iakapid gnay edotem ,nanipmimepek halasam nialeS

awsis naktabikagnem tapad aguj tapet kadit uata gnaruk


91

y iretam iasaugnem gnaruk naujut aggnihes ,nakrajaid gna

.iapacid kutnu tailus naktegratid gnay narajagnep

tagnas aguj awsis igab naacab nahab ayngnaruK

malad uruG .iretam naanuggnep padahret huragnepreb

iagabreb irad rebmusreb narajalep iretam nakiapmaynem

s gnaraj kadit gnay ukub tilus iakapid gnay ukub uata rebmu

.naakatsuprep id aidesret kadit nakhab

id rebmusreb ukub naktapadnem tilus gnipmasiD

laham aynagrah ukub okot id ada atakiadna nad naakatsuprep

iretam nakladnagnem aynah ,awsisaham uata awsis nad

ay anamiagabes narajalep uata urug helo naktatacid halet gn

ukub agrah anerak salek id rajagnem taas adap aynnesod

.ilebid kutnu uakgnajret kadit

gnay narajagnep aidem ayngnaruk alup naikimeD

narajalep iretam naktabikagnem aguj urug helo nakanugid

misret tapad gnaruk amiretid gnay .natagni malad nap

halokes aynasaiB - licnepret haread id adareb gnay halokes

gnay aidem naktapadnem kutnu natilusek imalagnem

nakiapmaynem urug gnaraj kadit aggnihes ,iadamem

apnat narajalep gnay awsis kutnU .aidem nakanuggnem

pnat narajalep iretam amirenem aidem nagned ignerabid a

halasam malad ,iadamem gnay - uhat aynah utnetret halasam


02

narabmag nakgnayabmem tapad apnat akaleb pesnok gnatnet

.urug helo nakgnaretid halet gnay apa atayn dujuw uata

turuneM 5991( onotrak urug“ nakakumegnem )5 :

kutnu tutnutid naka gnay narajalep nahab iasaugnem

malad tapet gnay ukal hakgnit ikilimem nad ,nakrajaid

uti babes helO .”rajagnem urug , kutnu tutnutid surah

ikilimem nad ,nakijasid gnay narajalep nahab iasaugnem

.rajagnem malad tapet gnay edotem

)c takaraysaM nagnukgniL

iD nakapurem aguj nagnukgnil ,aut gnaro gnipmas

af utas halas k padahret aynhuragnep tikides kadit gnay rot

sesorp malad awsis rajaleb lisah naanaskalep .nakididnep

aynhuragnep raseb tagnas ratikes mala nagnukgnil aneraK

bes ,kana idabirp nagnabmekrep padahret napudihek malad ba

irahes - nagned luagreb kaynab hibel naka kana irah

onotraK ini lah malaD .adareb uti kana anamid nagnukgnil

:5991( tapadnepreb )5 , nagnukgniL tapad takaraysam

naklubminem kana amaturet ,kana rajaleb narakusek - kana

alibapA .aynayabes gnay kana - nakapurem ayabes gnay kana

kana - gnasgnaret naka kana akam ,rajaleb nijar gnay kana

kana alib aynkilabeS .akerem kajej itukignem kutnu – kana

nalupmuk nakapurem aynratikesid kana - gnay lakan kana


12

huragnepret tapad nupkana nakutnenem adait narailekreb

.alup

nagnukgnil nakatakid tapad naikimed nagneD

naluagrep malad anerak ,kana naidabirpek kutnebmem

irahes - kiauseynem ulales naka kana gnaroes irah aynirid na

naasaibek nagned - aynnagnukgnil naasaibek . anerak helO

ggnit tapmetreb awsis gnaroes alibapa ,uti id la utaus

nanikgnumek akam rajaleb nijar gnay aynnamet nagnukgnil

.aynirid adap huragnep awabmem naka tubesret lah raseb

heS i .aynnamet anamiagabes rajaleb turut naka ai aggn

rotkaF - halada nakitahrepid ulrep gnay nial rotkaf

.sigoloisif isidnok paiteS aro utaus nakukalem tapad kutnu gn

gnay anamiagabes lisah helorepmem naka utnetret nataigek

halada ihunepid surah gnay rusnu utas halas ,nakparahid

.inamsaj natahesek halasam

naragnednep ,natahilgnep aynlasim sigoloisif isidnoK

l aredni acnap kusamret gnay nad tagnas aguj aynnia

kana rajaleb lisah padahret huragnepreb akam nanikgnumek

,aynirid adap huragnep awabmem naka tubesret lah raseb

t naka ai aggnihes e ur s .aynnamet anamiagabes rajaleb

aF k rot - halada nakitahrepid ulrep gnay nial rotkaf

eS .sigoloisif isidnok utaus nakukalem tapad kutnu gnaro pait

utnetret nataigek naka gnay anamiagabes lisah helorepmem


22

halada ihunepid surah gnay rusnu utas halas ,nakparahid

.inamsaj natahesek halasam

naragnednep ,natahilgnep aynlasim sigoloisif isidnoK

acnap kusamret gnay nad tagnas aguj aynnial aredni

.kana rajaleb lisah padahret huragnepreb

)d irajalepid gnay lah uata nahaB

iT gn tak aynhuragnep raseb narajalep nahab narakusek

iaynupmem awsis alibapA .rajaleb lisah nad sesorp padahret

p helorepmem gnurednec akam ,rajaleb naasaibek isatser

nakukalid aynasaib rajaleb naasaibeK .alup kiab gnay rajaleb

gnalureb gnay nataigek utaus iulalem gnaro - ad ,gnalu ir

gnalureb gnay nataigek - gnalu utaus lubmit ,tubesret

jaleb aggniheS .rajaleb naasaibek pait ra - it pa tapad udividni

adebreb - auses adeb i naasaibeK .aynnagnukgnil nagned

ajaleb rajaleb arac utaus tukgnaynem r rajaleb arac nakgnades ,

.gnaroeses rikifreb akgnarek nagned aynnagnubuh tare

tahilid tapad gnaroeses rikifreb akgnarek aynkilabeS

ac pesnok macames ada ayntujnales ,aynrajaleb arac irad ar

nalipmartek ,rajaleb nilpisid ,isidart pesnok utiay ,rajaleb

:6891 ,eiG gnaiL ehT( naakatsupek naanuggnep ,rajaleb .)94

kadit kiab gnay naasaibek iaynupmem gnay gnaroeseS

isartnesnok utiay sataid tubesret pesnok naklaggninem naka

tek ,rajaleb nilpisid ar ,rajaleb nalipm naiakamep nad


32

nakisatserpretni id tapad sata id naiaru iraD .naakatsupek

ihuragnepmem tapad rajaleb naasaibek awhab takgnis araces

.rajaleb isatserp

.2 tanim gnatnet nauajniT acab

.a taniM naitregneP

aparebeB tanim nakisinifednem ilha iagabes : tukireb

)1 ( asimaK :7991 )073 tanim nakisinifidnem ,kadnehek iagabes

nad idabirp gnay utauses halada taniM .naakusek uata nanigniek

rasad nakapurem pakis nad taniM .pakis nagned tare nagnubuhreb

libmagnem malad gnitnep aguj tanim nad ,akgnasarp igab

sutupek nakukalem taig gnaroeses nakbabeynem tapad taniM .na

:5991 ,osranuG( .ayntanim kiranem halet gnay utauses ek ujunem

.)86

)2 m )441 :5991( kcolruH turuneM tani acab rebmus nakapurem

gnay apa nakukalem kutnu gnaro gnorodnem gnay isavitom

erem alib naknigni akerem hilimem sabeb ak .

)3 :6991( lekniW turuneM gnay nagnurednecek“ halada tanim )42

lah/gnadib adap kiratret asarem kutnu keybus malad patenem

es asarem nad utnetret ”.uti gnadib malad gnupmicekreb gnan

)4 :5991( otemalS ayntujnaleS tanim awhab nakakumegnem )75

nad nakitahrepmem kutnu patet gnay nagnurednecek“ halada

,gnaroeses itanimid gnay nataigek ,nataigek aparebeb gnanegnem

nagned iatresid gnay suret nakitahrepid .”gnayas asar


42

raseb tanim awhab halsalej ,sataid tapadnep nakrasadreB

gnay narajalep nakhaB .nataigek uata rajaleb padahret aynhuragnep

anerak napmisid nad irajalepid hadum hibel awsis tanim kiranem

oes tanim habmanem kutnU .rajaleb nataigek habmanem tanim gnar

tapad nakparahid awsis halokes id narajalep amirenem malad id awsis

gnay rajaleb taniM .iridnes nakukalem kutnu tanim nakgnabmegnem

tapad gnay rotkaf utas halas nakapurem awsis ikilimid halet

pmem .aynrajaleb lisah ihuragne

.b M ( kcolruH turune :5991 711 ) kepsa 3 malad igabid tanim

: tukireb iagabes

)1 fitingoK kepsA

hanrep gnay apa nad idabirp namalagnep sata nakrasadreB

okes takaraysam nad halokes ,hamurid kiab irajalepid nad atres hal

nej iagabreb .assam aidem sinej takaraysam nad si

)2 fitkefa kepsA

pesnoK malad nakataynid tanim ,fitingok kepsa nugnabmem gnay

gnabmekreB .tanim naklubmitid gnay nataigek padahret pakis

utiay gnitnep gnay gnaro pakis irad idabirp namalagnep irad

gnay nataigek padahret ayabes namet nad urug ,aut gnaro

sret tanim nagned natiakreb nakataynid gnay pakis irad nad tube

padahret assam aidem kutneb iagabreb malad tarisret uata

.uti nataigek


52

)3 rotomokisP kepsA

.tapet aynaturu ,igal narikimep ulrep apnat racnal nagned nalajreB

nad nasewulek aggnihes naknikgnumem patet naujamek numaN

uggnuek .tabmal nalajreb aumes ini nupiksem takgninem nal

)4 .asahaB naitregneP

21 :9002( kkd,asotnaS ijuP kulhkam nakapurem aisunam ,)

iskaretnI .aynnial aisunam nagned iskaretnireb ulrep gnay

isunam taas adap gnitnep nikames a aynisnetsiske nakhutubmem .

D iukai . K utiay ,aidem uata anaras ,tala nakhutubmem ini nataige

.asahab .aidem nad anaras tala idajnem asahab haluti taaS

akapurem asahaB n mok tala u isakin gnudnagnem gnay

nad iwaisunam raju ,akusanam ,kitametsis ,inkay tafis aparebeb

kitamitsis tubesiD .fitakinomok metsis helo rutaid asahab anerak

ankam metsis nad iynub metsis utiay . akusanam tubesid asahaB

.rasad apnat kaca araces hilipid asahab rusnu anerak asahaB

halada gnitnepret gnay asahab aidem anerak naraju aguj tubesid

a aguj iumetid naidumek nupualaw iynub .nasilut ad asahaB

,agraulek utaynep tala iagabes anerak fitakinomok tala iagabes

.aynnataigek alages malad asgnab nad takaraysam

)5 .asahab isgnuF

.)51 :9002( kkd ,asotnaS ijuP mok tala iagabes asahaB u isakin

:tukireb iagabes isgnuf ikilimem


62

)a :isamrofni isgnuF kilab labmit isamrofni nakiapmaynem kutnu

am agraullek atoggna aratna .takaraysam atoggna aratna nupu

)b ,nasagag ,pakis ,naasarep nakrulaynem kutnU :iserpske isgnuF

anaket uata isome n- .aracibmep naasarep nanaket

)c kutnu utiay ,isargetni nad isatpada isgnuF nad nakiasuynem

.takaraysam atoggna nagned irid nakruabmem

)6 .acabmeM

)a acaB taniM naitegneP

atres nakukalid gnay sesorp utaus halada acabmeM

gnay nasep helorepmem kutnu acabmep helo nakanugrepid

ulalem silunep helo nakiapmasid kadneh atak aidem i -

silut asahab/atak nagiraT malad nosgdoH ( :9791 .)7

gnay timur gnay utaus halada ayntakikah adap acabmeM

naklafalem radakes aynah kadit ,lah kaynab naktabilem

,rikipreb ,lausiv sativitka naktabilem aguj ipatet ,nasilut

isp atem nad ,kitsiugnilok fitingok niatnuoM nad yelwarC

mihaR malad ( :7002 .)2 utas halas nakapurem acabmeM

akiroter malad id kusamret gnay asahabreb nalipmaretek

l gnay asahabreb nalipmaretek itrepes nad aracibreb( aynnia

)silunem idayraH ( :7002 .)4

purem acabmem ,kitsiugnil araceS sesorp naka

nataigek malad aynitrA .)ssecorp gnidoced( idnas naacabmep

kutnu ayapu ada acabmem nakgnubuhgnem atak - silut atak


72

egaugnal laro( nasil asahab ankam nagned )drow nettirw(

:9791( nagiraT malad nosrednA nial atak nagneD .)gninaem

whab nakatagnem )7 urem acabmem nataigek a nakap

nasilut habugnem nataigek uata iynub idajnem nakatec - iynub

.ankamreb gnay

silunep aparebeb ,sata id naataynrep nagned adaneS

napaggnareb naupmamek utaus halada ’acabmem‘ awhab

gnabmal tahilem kutnu - iulalem tubesret silutret gnabmal

dajnem kinof )gnidaer laro( nasil acabmem i nagiraT ( :9791

aynah pukuc kadit ataynret acabmem nataigek malaD .)8

nasilut malad gnautret gnay apa imahamem nagned ,ajas

sesorp utaus iagabes paggnaid aguj tapad acabmem aggnihes

tarusret gnay malad tarisret gnay utauses imahamem

malad gnudnakret gnay narikip imahamem aynitrA .)nasilut(

atak - .silutret gnay atak nigni gnay ankam aratna nagnubuH

i nad silunep nakiapmasid tagnas acabmep isaterpretn

habureb naka ankaM .acabmep natapetek nakutnenem

kutnu iakapid gnay namalagnep nakrasadreb

atak nakisaterpretnignem - acabid gnay tamilak uata atak

nagiraT malad nosrednA ( :9791 .)8

uata ajegnem nataigek nakapurem acabmem ,idaJ

em nad tahilem nataigek helo iuluhadid nasilut naklafal

imahamem .nasilut imahamem nad tahilem nataigeK


82

iuhategnem kutnu natlumis gnay sesorp utaus nakapurem

utaus nakhutubmeM .silutret gnay isamrofni uata nasep

k ankam padahret namahamep tutnunem gnay sesorp ata - atak

malad nautasek utaus nakapurem gnay tamilak uata

.salikes nagnadnap

)b acabmeM naujuT

gnaroeses helo nakukalid gnay acabmem nataigeK

.utnetret naujut ikilimem utnet aynrasad adap numaN

.naujut aud ikilimem acabmem nad mumu naujut utiaY

naujut iracnem kutnu halada acabmem mumu naujuT.susuhk

naD .acabid gnay rebmus irad isamrofni naktapadnem nad

:8002( nagiraT susuhk araces awhab nakakumegnem )7

:tukireb iagabes naujut aparebeb ikilimem acabmem

)1 iuhategnem uata nakumenem kutnu acabmeM

naumenep - nep arap helo nakukalid halet gnay naume

kutnu acabmem tubesid ini itrepes acabmeM .umenep

( atkaf uata naicnirep helorepmem ro sliated rof gnidaer

stcaf .)

)2 ubesret lah apagnem iuhategnem kutnu acabmeM t

kipot nakapurem acabmeM .kiranem uata kiab gnay

ini itrepes edi helorepmem kutnu acabmem tubesid - edi

( amatu saedi sniam rof gnidaer .)


92

)3 paites adap idajret gnay apa iuhategnem kutnu acabmeM

acabmem tubesid ini itrepes acabmeM .atirec naigab

( nanusus uata naturu iuhategnem kutnu rof gnidaer

noitazinagro ro ecneuqes .)

)4 apagnem nakumenem atres iuhategnem kutnu acabmeM

tubesid ini itrepes acabmeM .nakasarem hokot arap

isnerefni acabmem ,naklupmiynem kutnu acabmem

( isnerefni rof gnidaer .)

)5 apa nakumenem nad iuhategnem kutnu acabmeM - apa

egnem rajaw kadit uata asib kadit gnay .hokot gnaroes ian

kutnu acabmem tubesid ini itrepes acabmeM

( nakkopmolegnem yfissalc rof gnidaer .)

)6 hokot hakapa nakumenem uata iracnem kutnu acabmeM

naruku nagned pudih uata lisahreb - .utnetret naruku

ialinem kutnu acabmem tubesid ini itrepes acabmeM

( daer etaulave ut gni .)

)7 hokot aynarac anamiagab nakumenem kutnu acabmeM

kutnu acabmem tubesid ini itrepes acabmeM .habureb

( nakgnatnetrepmem uata nakgnidnabmem rof gnidaer

stsartnoc ro erapmoc .)

:8002( mihaR turunem nakgnadeS pitugnem )11

d kkd ,notnlaB tapadnep )6991( kkd snruB malad niwrI na

:itupilem acabmem naujut naktubeynem


03

)1 nagnaneseK .

)2 nirayn acabmem nakanrupmeyneM g.

)3 utnetret igetarts nakanuggneM .

)4 nep iurahabrepmeM .cipot utaus gnatnet aynnauhateg

)5 ni nagned urab isamrofni naktiagneM halet gnay isamrof

ayniuhatekid .

)6 nu isamrofni helorepmeM silutret uata nasil naropal kut .

)7 nokgneM iskiderp kalonem uata isamrif .

)8 nakisakilpagnem uata nemirepske utaus naklipmaneM

aparebeb malad sket utaus irad helorepid gnay isamrofni

naaynatrep bawajneM ;nial arac - naaynatrep gnay

kifiseps .

.B .naveler gnay naitileneP

.1 padahreT rajaleB rebmuS naidesreteK naD acaB taniM huragneP

.gnalaM .5 NAMS X saleK awsiS imonokE narajaleP rajaleB isatserP

.imonokE satlukaF .nanugnabmeP imonokE nasuruJ ,ispirkS

ibmibmeP .gnalaM iregeN satisrevinU itratniM imU irS .jH .rD :) I( gn

.cE.M ,omotU idaH gneguS .rD : )II( gnibmibmeP ,P.M ,k.A.E.S ,.W

H awhab nalupmisek kiratid nakukalid halet gnay nasahabmep lisa

awsis rajaleb isatserp padahret acab tanim huragnep ada ,laisrap araces

.gnalaM 5 NAMS id nagned 511,9 = gnutih t nakujnunem anerak

awhab itrareb ini lah ,)%5( , < 000,0 rasebes isnakifingis takgnit

padahret nakifingis gnay huragnep iaynupmem acab tanim lebairav


13

. rajaleb isatserp rebmus naaidesretek huragnep ada ,laisrap araceS

adahret rajaleb ajaleb isatserp p F anerak .gnalaM 5 NAMS awsis r

geR 479 ,4 = p akam , huragne m tani b aca d na k naidesrete s rebmu

b rajale t padahre p isatser b rajale p narajale e imonok s awsi k X sale

gnalaM .5 NAMS .% 47,94 rasebes

nim gnatnet itilenem sata id naitilenep malaD itkubret ataynret ta

.rajaleb isatserp padahret nakifingis fitisop huragnepreb awhab

.naveler tubesret naitilenep aggniheS

.C rikipreb akgnareK

asahab rajaleb isatserP asahab rajaleb lisah nakapurem aisenodnI

helo ialinid nad isaulaveid halet gnay utnetret utkaw nuruk malad aisenodnI

rajaleb isatserp ihuragnepmem gnay rotkaF .nahalokes isutitsni nupuam urug

af halada k af nad nretni rot k af iagabreb iraD .nretske rot k i rot tanim ,nretn

af nakapurem awsis acab k ini laH .itiletid kutnu gnitnep paggnaid gnay rot

isavitom rebmus nakapurem tanim“ awhab iroet naijak aynada nakrasadid

kerem gnay apa nakukalem kutnu gnaro gnorodnem gnay alib naknigni a

hilimem akerem ( kcolruH , :5991 )441 ”.

ay acab tanim aynada nagneD gn kutnu gnorodnem naka akam iggnit

.nikgnum iggnites isatserp iapacnem ahasureb M akam iggnit acab tani

iggnit rajaleb isatserp , s aynkilabe acab tanim dner rajaleb isatserp akam ha

hadner .

.D sisetopiH

.1 .aisenodni asahab rajaleb isatserp padahret fitisop huragnepreb acab taniM


23

III BAB

NAITILENEP EDOTEM

.haimli naitilenep malad amatu tarays nakapurem naitilenep edoteM

,nakumenem ahasureb naujutreb gnay nataigek nakapurem haimli naitileneP

nakgnabmegnem nakanuggnem nagned nauhategnep utaus naranebek ijugnem nad

arac - lisah raga naujutreb ini laH .kitametsis gnay utnetret edotem nad haimli arac

nay gnuggnatrepid tapad helorepid g ajnem kutnu aynsusuhk nakbawaj baw

.nakujaid gnay nahalasamrep em malad nahalaseK edotem nakutnen

.nasutupek nalibmagnep malad nahalasek naktabikagnem

.A naitileneP sineJ

gnem ini naitileneP u ep nakirebmem apnat ada gnay atad pakgn r naukal

uata isalupinam kusamret aggnihes ,itiletid gnay lebairav padahret atad

naitilenep xe - .otcaf tsop nakukalid gnay naitilenep utaus halada ini naitileneP

urem naidumek nad idajret halet gnay naitilenep itilenem kutnu tun ek

rotkaf iuhategnem kutnu tubesret atad iulalem gnakaleb - tapad gnay rotkaf

tubesret naidajek nakbabeynem ( onoyiguS , :7002 .)7

naijaynep anerak fitatitnauk naitilenep malad kusamret ini naitileneP

paggnagnem naitilaneP .akgna apureb aynatad gnay alajeg aumes awhab

ulrep itamaid aknikgnumem gnay akgna kutneb malad habuid nad rukuid n

ilana nakanugid is kitsitats s ( otnukirA inisrahuS , )01 :2002 .

23


33

.B .naitileneP lepmaS nad isalupoP

.1 isalupoP

uata kejbo sata iridret gnay isasilareneg hayaliw halada isalupoP

gnay utnetret kitsiretkarak nad satilauk iaynupmem gnay kejbus

kiratid naidumek nad irajalepid kutnu itilenep helo nakpatetid

5002( onoyiguS aynnalupmisek ini naitilenep malad isalupoP .)55 :

narajalep nuhat olelonoW iregeN DS 2 salek awsis hurules halada

,3102/2102 halmujreb gnay ,awsis 02 ikal - ,awsis 8 ikal 21 naupmerep

.awsis

.2 lepmaS

ka gnay isalupop likaw naigabes halada lepmaS malaD .itiletid na

aggnihes aynhalmuj kaynab tagnas aynisalupop ilak gnires naitilenep

itilenep aynasaib uti anerak nikgnum kadit nahurulesek itilenem kutnu

ini araC .naadaek ilikawem tapad gnay naigabes itamagnem aynah

w ,ayaib tamehgnem kutnu hupmetid tka aidesret gnay aganet nad u

onoyiguS 5002( .)65 :

utas irad iridret aynah ini naitilenep malad isalupop tagnigneM

malad lepmas akam ,001 irad gnaruk aynhalmuj gnay ajas salek

awsis nahurulesek halada ini naitilenep - eN DS 2 salek iwsis ireg

nuhat olelonoW .2102 naraja naitilenep tubesid ini naitilenep aggniheS

.isalupop


43

.C kejbuS .naitileneP

buS j 02 halmujreb gnay 2 salek awsis hurules halada naitilenep ke

ikal awsis 21 irad iridret ,awsis - N DS id naupmerep awsis 8 nad ikal

nagnawaS natamaceK olelonoW .gnalegaM netapubaK

.D tapmeT .utkaw nad

N DS id nakanaskalid ini naitileneP irege ,olelonoW nalub adap

iapmas sutsugA D t rebmese .3102/2102 nuha

.E lebairaV naitileneP

malaD aud nakanuggnem ini naitilenep rajaleB isatserP utiay lebairav

iS iregeN DS II saleK aws tanim nad takiret lebairav nakapurem olelonoW

.sabeb lebairav nakapurem aisenodni asahab acab

.F isinifeD lebairaV lanoisarepO

.1 M I asahaB acab tani aisenodn

M nagnorod utaus halada tani gnay acabmem nanigniekreb kutnu

I asahaB nagned nagnubuhreb .aisenodn

.2 rajaleb isatserP I asahaB aisenodn

rajaleb isatserP B asaha I aisenodn rajaleb lisah halada aisenodni asahab

.ialinid nad isaulaveid halet gnay utkaw nautas utkaw nuruk malad

.G ataD nalupmugneP edoteM

nakparahid gnay apa nagned iauses gnay atad helorepmem kutnU

atad naktapadnem kutnu edotem uata tala nakulrepid akam ,naitilenep malad

.fitkejbo nad tapet gnay


53

.1 tekgna rabmeL

tekgna halada ini naitilenep malad nakanugid gnay tekgna rabmeL

nabawaj nahilip nagned ipakgnelid halet gnay tekgna utiay pututret

aggnihes nabawaj nahilip adap nabawaj nakirebmem aynah nednopser

alaks nakanuggnem ini tekgna adap narukugnep alakS .aidesret halet gnay

trekil ,)RS( gnires ,)S( ulales utiay nabawaj fitanretla tapme nagned

gnadak - T( hanrep kadit ,)K( gnadak gnisam nagned ,)P - nisam roks g ,4 ,3

kutnu 1 ,2 4,3 ,2 ,1 nad fitisop naataynrep .fitagen naataynrep kutnu

isiK .1 lebaT - tekgna isik acab tanim

oN acab tanim kepsA lmJ

meti

metI

) + (

metI

( - )

1 namalagnep,fitingok kepsA

aidem irad helorepid gnay

ukub,narajalep ukub,katec

.nalki,naakatsuprep

01 52,32,22,12

03,92,72,62,

82,42

2 A naasaibek,fitkefa keps

naasaibek,hamurid acabmem

asahab narajalep ukub acabmem

acabmem nassaibek,aisenodni

naasaibek,naakatsuprep ukub

tahilid gnay apa acabmem

.tapmet anamid

01

,6,4,3,2,1

01,8,7

9,5

3 kepsA 01 51,41,31,21,11 91,81


63

oN acab tanim kepsA lmJ

meti

metI

) + (

metI

( - )

,kirotomokisp nakisaisirpagnem

halet gnay acabid

,naakatsuprep,halokesid,hamurid

tapmeT - .utnetret tapmet

, ,71,61

.2 seT

isatserP seT rabmeL aisenodnI asahaB

narajalep PSTK subalis nagned iauses nakanugid gnay rotakidnI asahaB

I aisenodn salek .2

:2 lebaT isiK - isik isatserP seT

oN DK rotakidnI laoS romoN

1 1.1 sket isi iauses naaynatrep bawajneM

acabid gnay

2,1

2 2.1 acabid gnay sket isi naksiluneM 4,3

3 3.1 nagned anahredes tamilak siluneM

latipac furu nakanuggnem

6,5

4 3.1 nagned anahredes tamilak naksiluneM

kitit adnat nakanuggnem

7

5 1.2 natahesek isiup isi naktubeyneM .

des tamilak siluneM nagned anahre

8


73


furu nakanuggnem latipac

6 2.2 naktubeyneM irahes nataigeK - gnay irah

natahesek nagned nagnubuhreb .

9 01 ,

7 3.2 eM nad apais aynat atak nakanuggn

tamilak malad anamid

11

8 1.3 nagned gnapmur atirec ipakgneleM

iridnes irid amet

21 31 ,

9 2.3 irid nagned gnapmur atirec ipakgneleM

iridnes

51,41

01 1.4 gnatnet naacab ket isi naktubeyneM

nagnukgnil

71,61

11 2.4 irahes nataigek ipaggnaneM - irah

nagnukgnil gnatnet

91,81

21 3.4 nataigek gnatnet naaynatrep bawajneM

irahes - irah

12,02

31 4.4 gnatnet namalagnnep naksiluneM

nagnukgnnilid nataigek

32,22

41 1.5 gnatnet isiup luduj naktubeyneM

mumu tapmet

52

51 1.5 tapmet gnatnet isiup isi naktubeyneM 72,62


83


mumu

61 2.5 nakrasadreb aynat tamilak nakuteneM

mumu tapmet gnatnet naataynrep

82 92 ,

71 3.5 nakrasadreb naaynatrep bawajneM

mumu tapmet naacab

03

81 3.5 gnatnet anahredes atirec ipakgneleM

mumu tapmet

42

.3 satidilaV satilibaileR nad

.a satidilaV

takgnit nakkujnunem gnay naruku utaus halada satidilaV

hihasek uata nadilavek 3002 ,rawzA( nemurtsni utaus na epiT .)69 :

gnay satidilav utiay kurtsnok satidilav halada nakanugid gnay satidilav

aus anam huajes nakkujnunem kartsnok uata tiart rukugnem set ut

kitiroet 3002 ,rawzA( rukuid kadneh gnay gnay sumuR .)571 :

isalerok kutnu nakanugid tnemom tcudorp sumur nagned rasak akgna

: tukireb iagabes

𝒓 𝒚𝒙 =𝑵 ∑ 𝒀𝑿 − (∑ 𝑿)(∑ 𝒀)

�{𝑵 ∑ 𝑿𝟐 − (∑ 𝑿)𝟐}{𝑵 ∑ 𝒀𝟐 − (∑ 𝒀)𝟐}

: nagnareteK

r yx : aynlatot roks nagned tekgna ritub utaus isalerok neisifeok


93

N nednopser aynkaynab :

X ritub roks :

Y latot roks :

aumes kutnu satidilav naijugnep lisah naklipmanem hawabid lebaT

,2 romon naaynatreP .acab tanim naaynatrep 92 mad 42 ,71 ,91

r ikilimem gnutih < meti 52 kaynabes aynasiS .rugug nakadnanem 3.0

r( amiretid tapad gnay satidilav nakujnunem gnutih .)3.0 ≥ ini aboc ijU

.olelonoW iregeN DS 2 salek id nakanaskalid

lebaT :3 acaB taniM nemurtsnI satidilaV

metI r- lav nagnareteK

1 854.0 dilaV

2 630.0 kadiT dilaV

3 724.0 dilaV

4 214.0 dilaV

5 783.0 dilaV

6 245.0 dilaV

7 824.0 dilaV

8 473.0 dilaV

9 663.0 dilaV

01 960.0 kadiT dilaV

11 783.0 dilaV

21 654.0 dilaV

31 264.0 dilaV


04


41 215.0 dilaV

51 354.0 dilaV

61 834.0 dilaV

71 500.0 dilaV kadiT

81 974.0 dilaV

91 684.0 dilaV

02 263.0 dilaV

12 454.0 dilaV

22 205.0 dilaV

32 835.0 dilaV


52 505.0 dilaV

62 974.0 dilaV

72 493.0 dilaV

82 264.0 dilaV


03 383.0 dilaV

lisaH : rebmuS satidilav naijugnep

lebaT :4 aisenodnI asahaB isatserP nemurtsnI satidilaV


1 784.0 dilaV


14


2 130.0 dilaV kadiT

3 304.0 dilaV

4 293.0 dilaV

5 183.0 dilaV

6 564.0 dilaV

7 534.0 dilaV

8 653.0 dilaV

9 564.0 dilaV

01 601.0 kadiT dilaV

11 283.0 dilaV

21 573.0 dilaV


41 073.0 dilaV

51 474.0 dilaV

61 304.0 dilaV

71 573.0 dilaV

81 024.0 dilaV

91 653.0 dilaV

02 304.0 dilaV

12 314.0 dilaV

22 673.0 dilaV


24


32 324.0 dilaV


52 754.0 dilaV

62 673.0 dilaV

72 673.0 dilaV

82 573.0 dilaV



satidilav naijugnep lisaH : rebmuS

.b satilibaileR

dapek naksetid alibapa set utaus napatetek halada satilibaileR a

,rawzA( amas gnay kejbus 3002 tala satilibailer ijugnem kutnU .)79 :

helo nakgnabmekid gnay ahpla satilibailer iju kinket nakanugid ruku

: utiay hcabnorC ahplA

𝜶 =𝒌

𝒌 − 𝟏�

𝟏 − ∑ 𝑺𝟐𝑿∑ 𝑺𝟐 𝒕𝒐𝒕

�

: nagnareteK

α )ahpla( satilibailer neisifeok :

k laos meti halmuj :

∑ 𝑆2𝑋 halmuj : laos meti nairav

∑ 𝑆2 𝑡𝑜𝑡 latot nairav halmuj :


34

.H ataD asilanA edoteM

kitsitats kinket nagned utiay fitatitnauk tafisreb ini naitileneP

rotkaf ispirksed iuhategnem kutnu halada aynduskam fitpirksed - gnay rotkaf

tanim ihuragnepmem acab .

.1 taraysarp ijU sisilana

ihunepid surah gnay sisilana aparebeb ada ini naitilenep adaP

.sisetopih naijugnep pahat mulebes tubesret nataraysrep ihunemem kutnU

iju ,nagnubuh satiraenil ,atad narabes satilamron iju nakulrepid

.satisitsadeksomoh iju nad satiraenilokitlum

.a ijU satilamron

,t iju kusamret ,kirtemarap kitsitats iju nakukalem kutnU

,osotnaS higgniS( lamron isubirtsidreb surah atad awhab naktaraysiid

ini naitilenep adap atad satilamron ijugnem kutnU.)912 :2002

voromogloK kinket nakanugid - .tseT vonrimS

ogloK naijugneP vorom - paites sata nakukalid tset vonrimS

)isnakifingis( satilibaborp ialin akij airetirk nagned ijuid gnay lebairav

atad awhab nakataynid tapad akam 500,0 > natukgnasreb gnay lebairav

,ilazohG mamI( lamron nakataynid natukgnasreb gnay lebairav adap

1 :6002 41 - .)511

vormogloK iju nagned satilamron ijugnem kutnU - vonrimS

:alumrof nakanugid

63,1 = SK √𝑛1+𝑛2𝑛1𝑥𝑛2

:nagnareteK


44

SK voromoglok agrah : - iracid gnay vonrims

n1 helorepid gnaylepmas halmuj :

n2 nakparahid gnay lepmas halmuj :

)251 :6002 ,onoyiguS(

.b ijU satiraeniL

sabeb lebairav hakapa iuhategnem kutnu nakanugid satiraenil ijU

.kadit uata raenil nagnubuh iaynupmem )Y( takiret lebairav nad )X(

nagned ijuid surah lebairav audek tubesret lah iuhategnem kutnU

gnay %5 isnakifingis farat adap F iju nakanuggnem :aynsumur

= gerF 𝑔𝑒𝑟𝑘𝑅𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑘𝑅

:nagnareteK

gerF raenil sirag F agrah :

gerkR iserger tardauk atarer :

serkR udiser tardauk atarer :

.)41 :4002 ,idaH onsirtus(

iuhatekid tapad satiraenil ijugnem kutnu nakanugid gnay airetirK

ialin iulalem isnakifingis nagned sabeb lebairav aratna nagnubuh .F

irad raseb hibel F isnakifingis alibapa reinil nakatakid takiret lebairav

.50,0

.c satireinilokitluM ijU

helob kadit sabeb lebairav ratna awhab tutnunem ini nataraysreP

bel r utiay iggnit gnay isalerok ada naanaskaleP .008,0 irad raseb hi


54

asilana kinket nagned nakanuggnem nagned nakukalid naijugnep

tnemom tcudorp anug gnay sabeb lebairav ratna isalerok gnutihgnem

ibel tubesret isalerok akiJ .nial gnay sabeb lebairav nagned utas raseb h

idajret akam 008,0 irad satireinilokitlum itrareb inI .lebairav aratana

.naktujnalid tapad kadit adnagreb reinil iserger iju nataraysrep kutnu

adnagreb reinil iserger iju ,satireinilokitlum idajret kadit akij aynkilabeS

.naktujnalid tapad

.d aboc iju atad ispirkseD

)1 urtsni nakayaleK lisah nakrasadreb isaulaveid )renoiseuk( nem

naaynatreP .)1.4 lebat( satilibailer nad satidilav naijugnep

nemom kudorp isalerok naijugnep lisah alib dilav nakataynid

neisefeok helorepmem 3.0 ≥ )2002 ,rawzA nidufiaS( i. lisaH

nem amatrep naaynatrep naijugnep r neisefeok naktapad gnutih =

upmam uata dilav nakadnanem 3.0 irad hibel lisah ,854.0

.kiab nagned aynruku isgnuf nakukalem

)2 asahab rajaleb isatserp naaynatrep kutnu satidilav naijugnep lisaH

naiaru itrepeS .hawab id lebat malad naktahilrepid aisenodnI

r ikilimem meti 6 ada iuhatekid ,aynmulebes gnutih aggnihes 3.0 <

r ikilimem 42 kaynabes aynnial naaynatreP .rugug nakataynid gnutih

.dilav nakataynid aggnihes 3.0 ≥

)3 gnay naacabretek ikilimem surah aguj nemurtsni ,dilav nialeS

naklaminimem aggnihes netsisnok duskam padahret risfat halas

halet ini isnetsisnok padahret isaulavE .amas gnay naaynatrep


64

iju nagned nakukalid .hcabnorc ahpla tanim lebairav nemurtsnI

sefeok naktapadnem acab rasebes ahpla nei isatserp nad 268.0

.0 > lisah ,828.0 rasebes aisenodnI asahab lebailer nakadnanem 7

( yrA dlanoD 942 : 0102 , .) isiK - ripmalret satidilav isik .

.I sisetopiH naijugneP

.1 anahredeS isergeR sisilanA

utiay aud nad utas sisetopih ijugnem kutnu nakanugid ini sisilanA

rajaleb isatneserp padahret acab tanim aratna huragnep ada“ asahaB

olelonoW iregeN DS awsis aisenodnI

hakgnal nupadA - : tukireb iagabes nakukalid gnay hakgnal

.a )aisenodnI asahab rajaleb isatserp( takiret lebairav isalerok ijugneM

irad isalerok sisilana nagned )acab tanim( sabeb lebairav gni nagned

nosraeP

𝑟 𝑦𝑥 =𝑁 ∑ 𝑋𝑌 − (∑ 𝑋)(∑ 𝑌)

�{𝑁 ∑ 𝑋2 − (∑ 𝑋)2}{𝑁 ∑ 𝑌2 − (∑ 𝑌)2}

: nagnareteK

r yx isalerok neisifeok :

yx y lebairav nagned x lebairav ratna nailakrep lisah halmuj :

x sabeb lebairav nemurtsni ialin halmuj :

y takiret lebairav nemurtsni ialin halmuj :

N kejbus halmuj : naitilenep

r agrah hakapa iuhategnem kutnU yx ,kadit uata nakifingis

r agrah akiJ .lebat r nagned nakisatlusnokid tubesret agrah yx hibel


74

am ,lebat r irad licek nakifingis tubesret isalerok ak H onsirtuS ida

4002( )81 :

.2 sisilanA nairaV isergeR

ini sisilanA sirag isnakifingis ijugnem kutnu nakduskamid

; ini hawabid itrwepes gerf iju halada nakanugid gnay sumuR .iserger

gerF = 𝑔𝑒𝑟𝑘𝑅𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑘𝑅

: nagnareteK

gerF reinil sirag F agrah :

gerk R iserger tardauk atarer :

serk R udiser tardauk atarer :

F agrah nagned nakisatlusnokid gnutih F agrah ayntujnaleS

serger sirag akam lebat nakifingis halada taubid gnay i idaH onsirtuS

4002( 81 : )


84

VI BAB

NASAHABMEP NAD NAITILENEP LISAH

ab malad naiarU :naigab agit malad igabid ini b atad ispirsked amatreP

rajaleb isatserp nad acaB taniM anamiagab nakrabmaggnem kutnu natilenep

awsis aisenodnI asahab olelonoW N DS 2 salek atreseb iserger naijugnep audeK .

asahab rajaleb isatserp padahret acaB taniM huragnep naksalejnem kutnu ismusa

odnI nuhat 1 retsemes hagnet adap olelonoW N DS 2 salek awsis aisen

3102/2102 agitek naD .siripme araces sisetopih isaulavegnem sugilakes ,

.nakumetid gnay lisah padahret gnineser isisreb ,nasahabmep

.A naitileneP ataD ispirkseD

.1 acaB taniM

adap olelonoW N DS 2 salek awsis acaB taniM narukugneP

26 rokes naktapadnem 3102/2102 nuhat 1 retsemes hagnet - atar ,09 - atar

atar naheloreP .97 = sudom nad 18 = naidem ,03.08 = - 03.08 rasebes atar

26 aratna narasik – m sugilakes 09 nagned taked adareb 09 ane nakrisf

iggnit pukuc acab tanim .

84


94

lebaT :5 acaB taniM fitpirkseD

oN retemaraP rokS

1 naeM 03.08

2 naideM 00.18

3 edoM 97

4 noitaiveD .dtS 605.6

5 muminiM 26

6 mumixaM 09

remirp atad nahalognep lisaH : rebmuS

S rok nakanuggnem rukuid sata id nakiarued gnay tanim

1 nabawaj alaks nagned naaynatrep meti 52 irad iridret gnay nemurtsni –

irad narukugnep lisah nakirebmem upmam nemurtsni sisetopih araces ,4

kopmolek tapme malad isasirogetaK .001= 4 x 52 aggnih 52 = 1 x 52

useynem( s kutnu )narukugnep alaks nakia tahilid tapad tapadid gnay rok

:4002 ,iratohK .R.C( hawab id lebat malad )521 . ucagneM adap

s itrareb ini isasirogetak atar rok - kusamret 3.08 rasebes acab tanim atar

adap awsis nakisaterpretnignem ,iggnit pukuc ikilimem hadus aynmumu

.sugab gnay acab tanim


05

lebaT :6 S nagnologgneP acab taniM rok

kopmoleK lavretnI sataB lavretnI

tagnaS hadneR M- M d/s ds3 - ds5.1 00.52 - 57.34

hadneR M- M d/s ds5.1 - ds0 57.34 - 05.26

iggniT .1+M d/s ds0+M ds 05.26 - 52.18

pukuC iggniT ds3+M d/s ds5.1+M 52.18 – 001

araceS udividni la iuhatekid tubesret nagnologgnep nakrasadreb

iggnit %54 kaynabes ,iggnit acab tanim ikilimem awsis % 05 kaynabes

satiroyam nakujnunem ini narabeS .hadner pukuc gnay %5 aynah nad

awsis 3102/2102 nuhat 1 retsemes hagnet adap olelonoW N DS 2 salek

ikilimem acab tanim iggnit .

lebaT :7 acab taniM napaggnaT narabeS

kopmoleK rokS isneukerF %

tagnaS hadneR 00.52 - 57.34 0 0

hadneR 57.34 > - 05.26 1 0.5

iggniT 05.26 > - 52.18 01 0.05

tagnaS iggniT 52.18 > – 001 9 0.54

latoT 02 0.001

: rebmuS remirp atad nahalognep lisaH


15

1 rabmaG : acaB taniM margotsiH

.2 aisenodnI asahab rajaleb isatserP

isatserP N DS 2 salek awsis aisenodnI asahab rajaleb irege

set iulalem rukuid 3102/2102 nuhat 1 retsemes hagnet adap olelonoW

ret gnay aisenodnI asahab rajaleb isatserp raneb naaynatrep 42 irad irid -

0 alaks ialin idajnem isrevnokid naidumek set lisaH .halas - .001

lisaH naijugnep 38.07 ialin narabes helorepmem fitpirksed -

atar ,38.59 - .0005.78 rasebes sudom nad naidem ,7197.48 = atar

DS 2 salek awsis nakisakidnignem 58 narasik adap ialin naheloreP

N irege ikilimem 3102/2102 nuhat 1 retsemes hagnet adap olelonoW

nI asahab isatserp .iggnit pukuc gnay aisenod

0

01

02

03

04

05

tagnaShadneR

15












tagnaShadneR

hadneR iggniT tagnaSiggniT

esatnesrep

esatnesrep

15












esatnesrep


25

lebaT :8 aisenodnI asahaB ialiN

oN retemaraP rokS

1 naeM 97.48

2 naideM 05.78

3 edoM 05.78

4 noitaiveD .dtS 83.6

5 muminiM 38.07

6 mumixaM 38.59


%53 kaynabes nakujnunem hawab id lebat malad ialin narabeS

kaynabes naidumek ,5.78 rasebes aisenodnI asahab ialin ikilimem awsis

nad ,3.38 ialin ikilimem %02 ialin ikilimem %51 kaynabes 76,19 .

awsis satiroyam naksalejnem ,%06 iapacnem aynagitek halmuJ ikilimem

ikilimem %52 kaynabes aynnial awsiS.sugab hadus uata 08 sataid ialin

17 ± aratna ialin – .59 sataid ialin nagned %5 kaynabes nad 97

lebaT :9 aisenodnI asahaB ialiN narabeS

ialiN isneukerF esatnesreP

38.07 1 0.5

00.57 2 0.01

71.97 2 0.01

33.38 4 0.02


35

05.78 7 0.53

76.19 3 0.51

38.59 1 0.5

02 001


nakrasadreB taubid tapad sata id aisenodnI asahab ialin narabes

.ini hawab id itrepes lebat

radnatS = isaiveD 𝑖𝑔𝑔𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑇𝑖𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑁𝑟𝑜𝑘𝑆 − 𝑎𝑑𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑇𝑖𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑁𝑟𝑜𝑘𝑆 ℎ4

:01 lebaT ggneP I asahaB rajaleb isatserp ialin nagnolo .aisenodn

kopmoleK rokS isneukerF %

tagnaS hadneR 00.00 - .52 00 0 0

hadneR .52 00 - 05 . 00 0 0

iggniT 05 . 00 - 57 . 00 5 25

tagnaS iggniT 57 . 00 – 001 00. 51 75

latoT 02 0.001

lisaH : rebmuS remirp atad nahalognep


45

.rabmaG 2: iH I asahaB rajaleb isatserp ialin margots aisenodn .

.B ismusA naijugneP

.1 satilamroN

aisenodnI asahab rajaleb isatserp padahret acaB taniM huragneP

naka iju kpmolek kusamret ,iserger kitsitats tala nagned isaulaveid

lisaH .lamron isubirtsidreb atad nakismusagnem gnay kiretemarap

580.1 rasebes vorogomlok neisefeok naktapadnem isubirtsid isaulave

ibaborp nagned ρ satil nad ,acaB taniM lebairav kutnu 091.0 = rasebes

b isatserp kutnu 560.0 = satilibaborp nagned 803.1 asahab rajale

ρ ialiN .aisenodnI .lamron isubirtsidreb atad nakadnanem 50.0 >

lebaT :11 satilamroN naijugneP lisaH

lebairaV K-S Ρ .teK

acaB taniM 467.0 406.0 lamroN

asahab rajaleb isatserP aisenodnI 959.0 713.0 lamroN

satilamron naijugnep lisaH : rebmuS

00102030405060708

tagnaShadneR

45


.B ismusA naijugneP

.1 satilamroN













tagnaShadneR

hadneR iggniT tagnaSiggnit

esatnesreP

esatnesreP

45


.B ismusA naijugneP

.1 satilamroN













esatnesreP


55

.2 satireiniL

lebairav satireinil naijugnep lisaH acab tanim isatserp padahret

F ialin naktapadnem aisenodnI asahab rajaleb - nagned 838.0 rasebes tset

> p naheloreP .536.0 = )p( satilibaborp aynaudek nakadnanem 50.0

nakanugrepid tapad reinil iserger naikimed nagneD .reinil alop ikilimem

.ayntujnales iju malad

.C isergeR naijugneP lisaH

huragnep ,aynmulebes bab malad nakiaruid halet gnay anacner iauseS

aB taniM rajaleb isatserp padahret ac B asaha N DS 2 salek awsis aisenodnI

nakanuggnem isaulaveid 3102/2102 nuhat 1 retsemes hagnet adap olelonoW

ala renil iserger iju t .

lebaT :21 isergeR naijugneP lisaH

lebairaV isergeR .feoK T tih ρ

natsnoK 380.92

acaB taniM 496.0 2.4

64

000.0

isaleroK .feoK

)²R( isanimreteD .feoK

)000.0=p( 707.0

4005.0

F tset

satilibaborP

130.81

000.0



65

.1 isanimreteD nad isaleroK neisifeoK

lebairav huragnep raseb nakkujnunem isanimreted neisefeoK

taniM rajaleb isatserP padahret acaB B rasebes aynialin ,aisenodnI asaha

s naksalejneM .4005.0 = ²707.0 uata isalerok tardauk %00.05 rasebe

rajaleb isatserp B sugilakes ,acaB taniM helo ihuragnepid aisenodnI asaha

uata naksalejnem asib gnay nial lebairav ada hisam nakujnunem

satserp ihuragnepmem .aisenodnI asahab rajaleb i

isaulavE id tubesret huragnep )isnakifingis( naankamrebek

F ialin nakrasadreb nakpatet - F alib ,helorepid gnay gnutih - gnutih F ≥ -

hibel alib aynkilabes ,nakifingis uata ankamreb aynhuragnep itrareb lebat

ingis kadit itrareb licek F ialin naktahilrepmem hawab id rabmaG .nakif -

F nakgnidnabid raseb hibel gnutih - haread id adareb aggnihes lebat

iulalem naksalejid tapad aguj isnakifingiS .nakifingis uata )aH( huragnep

n nakitkubmem 000.0 utiay 50.0 irad gnaruk nahelorep ,satilibaborp iali

.nakifingis aynhuragnep

F- 130.81 = tih

F- 414.4 = bat ,81;1 = fd( ρ )%5=

rabmaG :3 isanimreteD neisefeoK isnakifingiS


75

.2 isergeR naamasreP

aynraseB nahaburep tabika )Y( nedneped lebairav nahaburep

iulalem naksalejid tapad )X( nednepednI lebairav malad idajret gnay

lebat iraD .helorepid gnay iserger naamasrep 21 naamasrep nususid tapad

; ayniserger x496.0 + 380.92 = Y . ejnem fitisop iserger neisefeoK naksal

asahab rajaleb isatserp gnorodnem tapad acaB taniM natakgninep

kutnu naksalejid tapad sitametam araceS .iggnit hibel idajnem aisenodnI

natakgninep gnorodnem tapad acaB taniM nautas 1 natakgninep paites

496.0 rasebes aisenodnI asahab rajaleb isatserp .nautas

.D nasahabmeP

acabmem tagnames ikilimem aynkitisretkarak iagabreb nagned awsiS

lenep naumeT .adebreb gnay ,awhab nakujnunem sata id naiti 2 salek awsis

N DS irege adap olelonoW nuhat 1 retsemes hagnet naraja 3102/2102

acab tanim ikilimem .

t acab taniM iaynupmem acab tanim ,iggnit isatserp utnet muleb iggni

salek awsis aisenodnI asahaB rajaleb isatserp padahret % 05 rasebes huragnep

N DS 2 irege % 05 awhab nakadnanem tubesret naataynrep irad ,olelonoW

l rotkaf ihuragnepid aisenodnI asahaB rajaleb isatserp malaD .nia

rotkaf naamasrebek – iapacnem tapad naka akam ihuragnepmem gnay rotkaf

.lamiskam gnay aisenodnI asahaB rajaleb isatserp

raga naktaraysignem ini naitilenep malad nakifingis huragnep naumeT

anerak ,kiab hadus gnay awsis acab tanim agajnem salek ilaw aynsusuhk urug

ajas nakub utneT .akerem aisenodnI asahab rajaleb isatserp gnorodnem tapad


85

atam hab narajalep a nerak ,aisenodnI as isubirtnok irebmem naka acab tanim a

fitisop saul araces aynnial narajalep atam adap .

gnay inid sesorp malad hisam nakatakid tapad 2 salek DS awsiS

asahab isatserp naikimed nupiksem ,acabmem upmam akgnar malad laisurk

ilatreb aynah nakub utnet aisenodnI inis irad takgnareB .acab tanim nagned na

inikayid gnay nial rotkaf nakitahrepmem surah patet aguj urug akam

.aynsusuhk aisenodnI asahab nad mumu araces isatserp ihuragnepmem


95

V BAB

NARAS NAD NALUPMISEK

.A nalupmiseK

iserger lisaH nutihrep malad nag ifeok nagned lisah naktapadnem neis

sanimreted 05 nagned amas 4005,0 rasebes i tubesret lisah irad ,% nakujnunem

ahab rajaleb isatserp padahret acaB taniM ankamreb huragnep aisenodnI as

.awsis t nakrasadreB naklupmiynem itilenep ini naume acaB taniM ;

nakirebmem huragnep nad fitisop asahab rajaleb isatserp padahret nakifingis

nuhat 1 retsemes hagnet adap olelonoW N DS 2 salek awsis aisenodnI

3102/2102 .

.B naraS

Ke acaB taniM raga naknaraynem fitamron araces sata id nalupmis

ok irebmem anerak naitahrep tapadnem awsis nakifingis fitisop isubirtn

aguj nikgnum tagnas nakhab ,aaisenodnI asahab rajaleb isatserp padahret

asahab kilim ajas nakub acaB taniM anerak nial narajalep atam padahret

.aisenodnI

nugnabmeM apnat kutnebret nakraibmem nakub itrareb acaB taniM

.utnabmem malad gnitnep narep ikilimem salek ilaw / salek urug ,anacner

awsis raga apur naikimedes isavonignem urug raga naknarasid tagnaS

gnay naacab nahab nakirebmem nagned aynlasim ,acabmem tagnames

m .kirane

95


06

isakinumok nugnabid ulrep halada ini naras malad nial gnitnep naigaB

2 salek DS awsis aguj nupanamiagaB .awsis aut gnaro nagned fitkaretni

acabmem utkaw ,hamur id agraulek nautnab nakhutubmem tagnas hisam

id nakgnidnabid hamur id kaynab hibel awsis .halokes


16

AKATSUP RATFAD

irorsA , ,dammahoM ( 7002 ) . narajalebmeP igolokisP anacaW VC :gnudnaB .

amirP

.B htebazilE ,kcolruH ( 2991 ) . nagnabmekreP igolokisP aggnalrE :atrakaJ . .

.dM.A ,ilA .srD ,normI ( 6991 ) . .narajalebmeP nad rajaleB .ayaJ akatsuP :atrakaJ

M .4002 .idraniW .J ;isavito nemejanaM malad naisavitomeP .TP :atrakaJ .

adasreP odnifarG ajaR .

.AM .S .rD .forP ,noitusaN ( 3002 ) . & rajaleB sesorP malad natakedneP iagabreB

.rajagneM .arasaK imuB :atrakaJ

.arD ,hayitseoR .K.N ( 1002 ) . rajagneM rajaleB .atpiC akeniR :atrakaJ .

.2102 ,otemalS rotkaF nad rajaleB - aynihuragnepmem gnay rotkaf :atrakaJ .

atpiC akeniR

.ytsaW ,otnameoS ( 3891 ) . nakididneP igolokisP .atpiC akeniR .TP :gnalaM .

.nibbihuM ,hayS ( 3002 ) . .rajaleB igolokosP .asakreP odnifarG ajaR :atrakaJ

.dE.M ,nibbihuM ,hayS ( 5991 ) ajameR .TP :gnudnaB .nakididneP igolokisP .

.ayrakadsoR

niW .S.W ,lek ( 9002 ) . igolokisP .rajaleB .idabA aideM :atrakaygoY

,AM .rawzA niddufiaS .srD P ,rajaleP akatsuP ,igolokisP alakS nanusuyne

2002 ,atrakaygoY

61.laH ,tpp.41/ams_pstk/daolnwod/di.og.sankid.pstk//:ptth

16


26

i&1=fdp_od&tnetnoc_moc=noitpo?php.2xedni/di.og.sankid.ajgojpmpl//:ptth

T .912=d 9002 naJ 51 lg

ds.www//:ptth - 9002 iraunaJ 52 ,fdp.ani_lekitra/moc.atnelatanib

ledom/21/8002/moc.topsgolb.oilofotropanilesram//:ptth - narajalebmepledom -

9002 iraunaJ 51,mth.fitavoni

52 ,14=di&tahil=iska&sey=dom&swen=hilip?php.xedni/ten.idnahw//:ptth iraunaJ

9002

9002 iraunaJ 72 ,fdp.2bab_rajaleb_lisah/halavurug/moc.seiticoeg.www//:ptth

9002 iraunaJ 62 ,fws.tilortkele/aimik/rajaleb/di.og.ikditnemkid.www//:ptth


36

isiK - isik satidilav tekgna acab tanim

oN acab tanim kepsA lmJmeti

metI ) + (

metI ( - )

dilaV ruguG

1 ,fitingok kepsA namalagnep aidem irad helorepid gnay

,katec ,narajalep ukub ukub,naakatsuprep .nalki

01 ,12 ,22 ,32 52

, ,62 ,72 ,92 03

,42 82 ,22,12,52,32,72,62

03,82

92,42

2 ,fitkefa kepsA naasaibek acabmem ,hamurid

ukub acabmem naasaibek,aisenodni asahab narajalep ukub acabmem nassaibek

,naakatsuprep naasaibek tahilid gnay apa acabmem

.tapmet anamid

01

,1 ,2 ,3 ,4 ,6

,7 ,8 01

,5 9 ,4,3,18,7,6

01,2

3 ,kirotomokisp kepsA halet gnay nakisaisirpagnem

acabid ,hamurid ,halokesid ,naakatsuprep

tapmeT - .utnetret tapmet

01 ,11 ,21 ,31 ,41

51 , ,61 ,71

,81 91 ,21,11,41,31

61,51

71

1 naripmaL


46

AISENODNI ASAHAB ACAB TANIM TEKGNA LAOS

II SALEK

2102 NUHAT I RETSEMES OLELONOW N DS

X ( gnaliS adnaT halireB nagneD iauseS naataynreP nakrasadreB moloK adaP)

! imalA umaK gnay

oN naataynreP LS RS DK PT 1 kana hajam halajam acabmeM - aynlasim (kana

) oboB halajam

2 asahab narajalep ukub acabmeM aisenodnI 3 naakatsuprep ukub acabmeM 4 Me id nalki nasilut acabm esivelet 5 ukub adap rutrakirak acabmem iakuynem kadiT

rabmagreb

6 kana narok acabmeM 7 laos nahital ukub acabmeM 8 riggnipid gnajapid gnay nalki nasilut acabmeM

nalaj

9 natalarep nakanuggnem arac acabmeM 01 rabmag tahilem haletes kednep atirec taubmeM 11 halet gnay rabmag nakasadreb tamilak siluneM

tahilid

21 atirec ragnednem haletes gnegnod acabmeMgnegnod

31 itukignem haletes narajalep ukub acbmeM asahab narajalep aisenodnI

41 amet hilimem nagned naakatsuprep ukub acabmeM.salek id irajalepid ajas urab gnay

51 aman gnatnet nasilut taubmeM - atogggna aman atogna gnatnet irajalepmem haletes iridnes agraulek

.agraulek

61 aman gnatnet nasilut taubmeM - atogggna aman agraulek atogna gnatnet irajalepmem haletes iridnes.agraulek

naripmaL 2


56

oN naataynreP LS RS DK PT 71 nasilut tahilem haletes hadni nasilut taubmeM

.nalki adap hadni

81 hadni nasilut iatresid kadit rabmag taubmeM.nalki iagabreb acabmem haletes

91 tamilak acabmem malad tamrec kadiT .laos malad 02 .imalaid hadus gnay awitsirep siluneM 12 tafis naksalejnem tapad,gnegnod acabmem haletS -

.hokot tafis

22 naksalejnem tapad,narajalep acabmem haleteS.aynisi

32 tapad,rabmagreb atirec acabmem haleteS.turu araces nakatrecem

42 .aynamet itregnem kadit,naakatsuprep ukub haleteS 52 naksalejnem tapad nalki nasilut acabmem haleteS

.aynisi

62 naksalejnem tapad,gnegnod acabmem haleteS.naacab nasep

72 nasep naksalejnem tapad isiup acabmem haleteS.isiup

82 naktubeynem tapad kadit isiup acabmem haleteS.isiup luduj

92 atak naktubeynem tapad,isiup acabmem haleteS -.rakus atak

03 aisenodni asahab narajalep ukub acabem haleteS.luteb nagned naaynatrep bawajnem tapad

ialiN halmuJ


66

isiK - satidilav isik isatserP seT

oN DK rotakidnI dilaV ruguG

1 1.1 sket isi iauses naaynatrep bawajneMacabid gnay

1 2

2 2.1 acabid gnay sket isi naksiluneM 4,3

3 3.1 nagned anahredes tamilak siluneMlatipac furu nakanuggnem

6,5

4 3.1 nagned anahredes tamilak naksiluneMkitit adnat nakanuggnem

7

5 1.2 natahesek isiup isi naktubeyneM . des tamilak siluneM nagned anahre

nakanuggnem h furu latipac

8

6 2.2 irahes nataigeK naktubeyneM - irahnatahesek nagned nagnubuhreb gnay

9 01

7 .2 3 nad apais aynat atak nakanuggneMtamilak malad anamid

11

8 1.3 nagned gnapmur atirec ipakgneleMiridnes irid amet

21 31

9 2.3 irid nagned gnapmur atirec ipakgneleM iridnes

51,41

01 1.4 gnatnet naacab ket isi naktubeyneMnagnukgnil

71,61

11 2.4 irahes nataigek ipaggnaneM - irahnagnukgnil gnatnet

91,81

21 3.4 nataigek gnatnet naaynatrep bawajneMirahes - irah

12,02

31 4.4 gnatnet namalagnnep naksiluneMnagnukgnnilid nataigek

32,22

41 1.5 gnatnet isiup luduj naktubeyneMmumu tapmet

52

51 1.5 tapmet gnatnet isiup isi naktubeyneMmumu

72,62

61 2.5 nakrasadreb aynat tamilak nakuteneMmumu tapmet gnatnet naataynrep

82 92

71 3.5 nakrasadreb naaynatrep bawajneMmumu tapmet naacab

03

81 3.5 gnatnet anahredes atirec ipakgneleMmumu tapmet

42

naripmaL 3


76

RAJALEB ISATSERP SET I RETSEMES II SALEK AISENODNI ASAHAB NARAJALEP ATAM

3102/2102 ARAJALEP NUHAT

AMAN ___________________ : ON ___________________ :

adaP ) X ( gnaliS adnaT irebmeM nagned raneB gnay nabawaJ halhiliP

,A furuH !C uatA B !halacaB

naakaleceK .naakalecek ada tahilem oniT

.nohop haubes karbanem libom haubeS kutnagnem uti libom idumegneP

gnarO - idumegnep gnolonem areges gnaro alapek naigabid akul idumegneP

.tikas hamurek awabid areges uti idumegneP

natrep halbawaJ 1 on naay - !sataid naacab nakrasadreb 5 .1 ?oniT tahilid gnay apa awitsireP

.a koot karbanem liboM

.b nohop karbanem liboM

.c gnaro karbanem liboM

.2 ?nohop haubes karbanem libom apagneM .a ubmar nakhadignem kadit ripos - .satnil ulal ubmar .b gnaruk ripos itah - itah .c .kutnagnem ripos

.3 ?anamek awabid idumegnep naakalecek idajret haleteS

.a tikas hamur

.b rasaP

.c nakam hamuR

.4 ?sataid naacab malad nakatirecid gnay apa amet gnatneT .a nagnukgniL .b nataheseK .c .naakalecek awitsirep

.5 sataid naacaB …gnatnet nakatirecnem

.a nohop karbanem liboM

naripmaL 4


86

.b karbanem liboM koot

.c nakoles kusam libom

.6 …halada raneb gnay ini hawabid nasiluneP .a .naakalecek tahilem onot .b ukuB ilebmem onot .c .halokes ek igrep onoT

.7 raneb gnay kitit adnat naanuggneP …tamilak adap tapadret

.a hayA .inameid oniT

.b .halokes gnalup oniT

.c ukub ilebmeM .oniT

retkoD hitup umujaB sulut umitaH

tikas taas ukgnoloneM askiremem ulaleS

ukkutmu tabo nakmunimeM retkod hisakamirT

asaj satA - umasaj

8 on naaynatrep halbawaJ - 9 !sata id isiup nakrasadreb .8 ?tikas taas ukgnolonem gnay apaiS

.a uruG

.b nameT

.c retkoD

.9 ?retkod taubrepid halet gnay apa asaJ .a tikas gnaro itabogneM .b tabo nakirebmeM .c tabo nakmunimeM

.01 …paites nakukalid igig takiS

.a nakam mulebes

.b haduses nakam

.c rudit mulebes


96

.11 …id surah rotok tapmeT .a nakhisrebiD .b nakmaidiD .c tahiliD

.21 …tamilak adap tapadret raneb gnay aynat adnat nasiluneP

.a ?ilak aud irahes igig kosog

.b ?irah utas malad idnam ilak apareB

.c ?naiakap icucnem areges ubi

.31 …halada raneb gnay aynat tamilaK .a ? tikas gnaro askiremem gnay apais .b ?halada tikas gnaro askiremem gnay ada .c ?tikas gnay askiremem kutnu apais

.41 …halada raneb gnay “ anam id“ aynat atak naanuggneP

.a ?askiremem tapmet tikas gnay anam iD

.b iD ?tikas gnaro askiremem tapmet anam

.c ?tikas gnaro askirepid retkod anam iD

.51 ikal ubi aynkidA - …tubeynem ayas,ikal ogorP iagnuS

.ukhamur gnakalebid rilagnem ogorP iagnuS .kaynab ria tibed iayupmem ini iagnuS

.hawas iriagnem kutnu nakanugid ogorP iagnuS .risap iriagnem kutnu nakanugid uti nialeS

.aynrisap kaynab uti iagnus gnarakeS .iparem ispure tabika uti risaP

.ukhamur naped tawel kurt kaynab irah paiteS kurT - .ogorP iagnus id risap libmagnem uti kurt

.ogorP iagnus irad libmaid risap npualaW ipateT .hadni patet ogorP iagnus

.kududnep kutnu taafnamreb patet ogorP iagnuS

61 .on naaynatrep halbawaJ - !sataid naacab nakrasadreb 91 .61 …kutnu taafnamreb ogorP iagnuS

.a etnaT

.b namaP

.c kakaK


07

.71 …atik ipatet,raseb pukuc ogorP iagnus nupualaW .a helob kadit iagnus id hapmas gnaubmem .b iagnus ria libmagnem helob kadit .c iagnus id risap libmagnem helob kadit

.81 ?ogorP iagnus irad risap tukgnagnem gnay apaiS

.a aud ador naaradnek

.b mumu natukgna libom

.c kurt - .risap tukgnagnep kurt

.91 gnaro nairahacnep ataM - tapmetreb gnay gnaro ogorp iagnus ratikes id laggnit … iagabes

suB lanimreT ukatam iD

kubis huggnus uakgnE gnitad suBlebujreb huggnuS

igrep suB itnagreb hiliS

rudit hanrep kat uak haloeS gnapmunep inayaleM

urujnep alagesek

.02 p luduJ …halada sataid isiu .a gnulumeP .b risap gnabmanep .c sakeb gnarab irad nijargnep

.12 !sata id isiup naacab malad lebujreb huggnus duskamid gnay apaiS

.a lanimreT

.b suB lanimreT

.c ukatam iD

.22 id isiup malad naataynrep haubes ”kubis huggnus uakgnE“ gnay sata…gnatnet nakrabmaggnam

.a gnapmunep inayalem suB

.b ayngnapmunep lebujreb suB

.c .gnapmunep inayalem malad igrep nad gnatad uales suB


17

.32 …gnatnet nakrabmaggnemsata id isiuP

.a .sub ipes hanrep kat irah gnajnapes sub lanimret iD

.b iD .gnaro ipes hanrep kat sub lanimret

.c .rudit kadit gnaro sub lanimret iD

.42 .urujnep lages ek gnapmunep inayaleM …halada kococ gnay aynat tamilak sataid nataynrep nakrasadreB

.a ?gnapmunep inayalem gnay apaiS

.b ?gnapmunep inayalem sub apagneM

.c eK ?gnapmunep inayalem sub anam

.52 .sub ripos halada gnapmunep inayalem gnaY …halada kococ gnay naaynatrep tamilaK

.a ?inayalem ripos apagneM

.b ?gnapmunep inayalem gnay apaiS

.c gnapmunep inayalem ripos anamiD

.62 …gnaro tapmet rasaP .a ilebmeM .b laujneM .c ileb laujreB

.72 …id ertna sicrak ilebmeM

.a lanimreT

.b rasaP

.c tekoL

.82 ?sub uggnunem gnaro anam iD .a hamur iD .b iD koot .c etlah iD

.92 ?sub id gnau kiranem gnay apaiS

.a ripoS

.b tenreK

.c rutkednoK

.03 ihutamem surah naaradnek idumegnep paiteS …. .a satni ulal narutareP


27

.b ased narutareP

.c hatniremep narutareP


37

NAIALINEP ROKS

paiteS ialiN halmuJ : acaB taniM ialiN airetirK

001 x raneB gnay nabawaJ halmuJ : isatserP ialiN

42

naripmaL 5


47

ialiN acaB taniM nad aisenodnI asahaB isatserP .naitileneP malad

oN amaN acab taniM ialiN isatserp ialiN

ialiN airetirK ialiN airetirK

1 keybuS 1 52,26 hadner 7 38,0 T iggni

2 keybuS 2 57 iggnit 75 T iggni

3 keybuS 3 57 iggnit 57 T iggni

4 keybuS 4 71,97 iggnit 71,97 T iggni

5 keybuS 5 7 71,9 iggnit 71,97 T iggni

6 keybuS 6 7 71,9 iggnit 33,38 tagnaS

iggnit

7 keybuS 7 7 71,9 iggnit 33,38 tagnaS

iggnit

8 keybuS 8 97 71, iggnit 8 33,3 tagnaS

iggnit

9 keybuS 9 08 05, iggnit 33,38 tagnaS

iggnit


iggnit


iggnit

21 1 keybuS 2 8 05,7 tagnaS 05,78 tagnaS

naripmaL 6


57

iggnit iggnit

31 1 keybuS 3 05,78 tagnaS

iggnit

05,78 tagnaS

iggnit

41 keybuS 41 05,78 tagnaS

iggnit

05,78 tagnaS

iggnit


iggnit

05,78 tagnaS

iggnit


iggnit

05,78 tagnaS

iggnit


iggnit

76,19 tagnaS

iggnit

81 keybuS 81 9 36,5 tagnaS

iggnit

76,59 tagnaS

iggnit

91 keybuS 91 9 36,5 tagnaS

iggnit

76,59 tagnaS

iggnit


iggnit

38,59 tagnaS

iggnit


67

ACAB TANIM SATIDILAV IJU ATAD

oN 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 01 11 21 31 41 51 1 2 2 3 2 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 3 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 1 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 4 2 2 1 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 5 3 1 3 1 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 6 3 3 3 3 3 4 3 4 3 2 2 4 3 3 2 7 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 2 2 3 3 3 3 8 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 2 2 9 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 3 3 2 3 2 3 2 2 01 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 1 3 11 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 21 2 3 2 2 3 2 3 3 3 1 3 3 3 2 3 31 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 1 2 41 3 2 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 3 3 51 2 3 2 3 3 2 2 3 3 3 2 1 2 3 2 61 4 2 3 3 3 3 4 3 3 3 4 3 3 3 4 71 3 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 4 81 3 2 2 2 3 2 4 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 4 91 3 2 3 4 3 2 3 2 3 3 4 3 3 3 3 02 4 3 2 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 2

naripmaL 7


77

61 71 81 91 02 12 22 32 42 52 62 72 82 92 03 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 1 2 3 3 3 1 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 1 2 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 3 3 3 1 3 2 3 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 3 2 3 2 1 2 3 2 3 3 2 2 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 3 2 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 3 1 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 1 2 3 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 3 2 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 3 3 3 3 2 3 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 4 3 3 4 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 2 4 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 3 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2


87

ISATSERP SATIDILAV IJU ATAD

oN 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 01 11 21 31 41 51 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 4 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 5 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 8 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 9 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 01 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 11 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 21 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 31 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 41 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 51 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 61 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 71 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 81 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 91 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 02 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0

naripmaL 8


97

61 71 81 91 02 12 22 32 42 52 62 72 82 92 03 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1


08

ACAB TANIM NAITILENEP ATAD

oN 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 01 11 21 1 3 4 3 4 3 3 3 3 3 4 3 3 2 3 4 4 3 4 4 2 4 3 3 4 4 3 2 4 3 3 2 4 4 3 4 4 3 4 4 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 3 3 2 4 3 5 4 4 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 6 4 3 4 4 3 4 3 3 4 2 4 4 7 4 3 3 3 3 3 4 3 4 4 3 4 8 3 3 3 4 2 2 2 3 2 2 4 4 9 3 2 3 4 3 2 2 3 4 4 4 4 01 2 3 3 3 2 3 4 4 3 3 4 4 11 4 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 3 3 4 3 21 1 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 31 4 3 4 3 3 2 4 4 3 3 4 3 41 3 2 3 4 4 3 3 4 4 4 4 3 51 4 2 2 4 2 2 4 3 3 4 2 4 61 4 3 2 4 4 2 4 3 3 3 4 3 71 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 2 81 3 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 2 91 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 4 4 2 3 2 02 3 3 3 4 4 4 3 3 3 4 2 3

naripmaL 9


18

31 41 51 61 71 81 91 02 12 22 32 42 52 3 3 4 3 2 3 3 4 3 3 4 4 4 2 3 2 3 2 2 2 4 2 3 2 2 4 3 4 3 4 2 4 3 4 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 3 3 4 2 3 3 3 3 4 3 4 3 4 3 4 3 4 3 2 4 3 3 3 3 3 4 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 3 4 3 4 4 3 3 4 4 3 4 3 4 4 4 3 3 4 4 3 3 4 4 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 4 3 4 2 3 3 2 2 2 1 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 2 4 4 3 4 4 3 2 4 3 4 3 3 3 2 1 3 2 2 3 1 2 2 2 4 3 3 4 3 4 4 4 3 3 2 3 4 3 3 4 4 3 3 4 3 4 3 4 3 3 2 4 4 4 3 3 4 4 3 2 3 4 3 3 4 3 3 2 4 3 2 4 3 4 4 3 3 4 3 3 4 3 2 3 4 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 2 4 4 3 2 3 4 4 4 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 3 4 4 4 3 4 2 3 3 3


28

ISATSERP NAITILENEP ATAD

oN 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 01 11 21 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 2 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 3 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 5 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 6 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 7 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 8 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 9 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 01 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 11 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 21 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 31 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 41 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 51 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 61 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 71 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 81 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 91 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 02 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0

naripmaL 01


38

31 41 51 61 71 81 91 02 12 22 32 42 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1


48

ACAB TANIM SATILIBAILER

scitsitatS latoT-metI

53.37 429.16 854. 658.

08.37 472.66 630. 768.

07.37 735.26 724. 758.

05.37 350.26 214. 758.

55.37 425.36 783. 858.

06.37 114.16 245. 458.

52.37 816.26 824. 758.

54.37 301.36 473. 858.

53.37 431.46 663. 958.

07.37 509.56 960. 668.

06.37 627.16 783. 858.

05.37 000.16 654. 658.

05.37 000.36 264. 758.

56.37 679.06 215. 458.

54.37 301.16 354. 658.

06.37 627.16 834. 758.

04.37 476.66 500. 668.

06.37 977.26 974. 658.

55.37 549.16 684. 558.

56.37 920.26 263. 958.

55.37 799.26 454. 758.

56.37 280.16 205. 558.

05.37 625.16 835. 458.

06.37 114.56 251. 368.

08.37 360.26 505. 558.

06.37 503.16 974. 558.

05.37 625.36 493. 858.

07.37 122.26 264. 658.

56.37 429.56 190. 568.

06.37 488.26 383. 858.

acaB taniM 1BM

acaB taniM 2BM

acaB taniM 3BM

acaB taniM 4BM

acaB taniM 5BM

acaB taniM 6BM

acaB taniM 7BM

acaB taniM 8BM

acaB taniM 9BM

acaB taniM 01BM

acaB taniM 11BM

acaB taniM 21BM

acaB taniM 31BM

acaB taniM 41BM

acaB taniM 51BM

acaB taniM 61BM

acaB taniM 71BM

acaB taniM 81BM

acaB taniM 91BM

acaB taniM 02BM

acaB taniM 12BM

acaB taniM 22BM

acaB taniM 32BM

acaB taniM 42BM

acaB taniM 52BM

acaB taniM 62BM

acaB taniM 72BM

acaB taniM 82BM

acaB taniM 92BM

acaB taniM 03BM

naeM elacSmetI fideteleD

elacSfi ecnairaVdeteleD metI

detcerroClatoT-metInoitalerroC

s'hcabnorCmetI fi ahplA

deteleD

naripmaL 11


58

ytilibaileR

yrammuS gnissecorP esaC

02 0.05

02 0.05

04 0.001

dilaV

dedulcxE a

latoT

sesaCN %

.erudecorp eht ni selbairav lla no desab noiteled esiwtsiL

.a

scitsitatS ytilibaileR

828. 03s'hcabnorCahplA smetI fo N


68

scitsitatS latoT-metI

52.91 541.13 784. 818.

01.91 977.33 130. 438.

50.91 938.13 304. 128.

52.91 176.13 293. 128.

02.91 747.13 183. 228.

50.91 425.13 564. 918.

01.91 865.13 534. 028.

01.91 989.13 653. 328.

50.91 425.13 564. 918.

01.91 853.33 601. 138.

50.91 549.13 283. 228.

51.91 818.13 573. 228.

01.91 364.33 780. 238.

09.81 615.23 073. 328.

01.91 853.13 474. 818.

50.91 938.13 304. 128.

51.91 818.13 573. 228.

00.91 598.13 024. 128.

59.81 663.23 653. 328.

50.91 938.13 304. 128.

51.91 806.13 314. 028.

00.91 501.23 673. 228.

50.91 437.13 324. 028.

53.91 429.33 400. 538.

02.91 623.13 754. 918.

00.91 501.23 673. 228.

00.91 501.23 673. 228.

51.91 818.13 573. 228.

00.91 486.33 160. 238.

01.91 739.23 281. 928.

aisenodnI asahaB rajaleB isatserP 1BP






























naeM elacSmetI fideteleD

elacSfi ecnairaVdeteleD metI

detcerroClatoT-metInoitalerroC

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deteleD


78

tseT vonrimS-vorogomloK elpmaS-enO

02 02

03.08 7197.48

605.6 22083.6

171. 412.

580. 631.

171.- 412.-

467. 959.

406. 713.

N

naeM

noitaiveD .dtS

sretemaraP lamroN b,a

etulosbA

evitisoP

evitageN

emertxE tsoMsecnereffiD

Z vonrimS-vorogomloK

)deliat-2( .giS .pmysA

taniM XacaB

rajaleB isatserP YaisenodnI asahaB

.lamroN si noitubirtsid tseT

.a

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.b


88

tropeR

aisenodnI asahaB rajaleB isatserP Y0000.57 1 .

3338.07 1 .

0000.57 1 .

0005.78 1 .

3333.38 1 .

7614.58 2 82649.2

3385.98 2 82649.2

3333.38 2 65298.5

3333.38 1 .

0005.78 1 .

0005.78 2 65298.5

3333.38 2 65298.5

0005.78 1 .

7666.19 1 .

3338.59 1 .

7197.48 02 22083.6

acaB taniM X26

07

47

57

77

97

08

18

28

38

48

58

78

88

09

latoT

naeM N noitaiveD .dtS

elbaT AVONA

019.156 41 565.64 619.1 442.

750.783 1 750.783 529.51 010.

358.462 31 373.02 838. 536.

825.121 5 603.42

834.377 91

)denibmoC(

ytiraeniL

ytiraeniL morf noitaiveD

neewteBspuorG

spuorG nihtiW

latoT

isatserP YasahaB rajaleB X * aisenodnI

acaB taniM

fo muSserauqS fd

naeMerauqS F .giS

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707. 005. 819. 348.asahaB rajaleB isatserP YacaB taniM X * aisenodnI R derauqS R atE derauqS atE


98

scitsitatS

02 02

0 0

03.08 7197.48

00.18 0005.78

97 05.78

605.6 22083.6

26 38.07

09 38.59

6061 38.5961

dilaV

gnissiM

N

naeM

naideM

edoM

noitaiveD .dtS

muminiM

mumixaM

muS

taniM XacaB

isatserP YasahaB rajaleB

aisenodnI

acaB taniM X

0 0 0. 0 0. 0 0.

1.0 5 0. 5 0. 0.5

01 05 0. 05 0. 05 0.

0.9 54 0. 54 0. 0. 54

1 00.52( hadner tagnas - ) 05.34

57.34 >( - )05.26

2 hadner ( 34 05. – 05.26 )

iggnit 3 ( 05 .26 – ) 52.18

52 .18 ( iggnit tagnas 4 - 001

dilaV

ycneuqerF tnecreP tnecreP dilaV evitalumuC

tnecreP

latoT 02 001 001 001


09

AISENODNI ASAHAB RAJALEB ISATSERP ESATNESERP

05015102520353045405

tagnaShadneR

aisenodnI asahaB rajaleB isatserP

1 0.5 0.5 0.5

2 0.01 0.01 0.51

2 0.01 0.01 0.52

4 0.02 0.02 0.54

7 0.53 0.53 0.08

3 0.51 0.51 0.59

1 0.5 0.5 0.001

02 0.001 0.001

38.07

00.57

71.97

33.38

05.78

76.19

38.59

latoT

dilaVycneuqerF tnecreP tnecreP dilaV

evitalumuCtnecreP

naripmaL 21

09


hadneR iggniT tagnaSiggniT

esatnesrep

esatnesrep


1 0.5 0.5 0.5

2 0.01 0.01 0.51

2 0.01 0.01 0.52

4 0.02 0.02 0.54

7 0.53 0.53 0.08

3 0.51 0.51 0.59

1 0.5 0.5 0.001

02 0.001 0.001

38.07

00.57

71.97

33.38

05.78

76.19

38.59

latoT


evitalumuCtnecreP

naripmaL 21

09


esatnesrep


1 0.5 0.5 0.5

2 0.01 0.01 0.51

2 0.01 0.01 0.52

4 0.02 0.02 0.54

7 0.53 0.53 0.08

3 0.51 0.51 0.59

1 0.5 0.5 0.001

02 0.001 0.001

38.07

00.57

71.97

33.38

05.78

76.19

38.59

latoT


evitalumuCtnecreP

naripmaL 21


19

00102030405060708

tagnaShadneR

hadneR

X isatserp

0 0 0. 0 0. 0 0.

.0 0 0 0. 0 0. 0.0

0.5 52 0. 52 0. 52 0.

0.51 57 0. 557 0. 7 0. 5

1 00.42( hadner tagnas - )00.34

57.34 >( - )05.26

2 hadner ( 34 . 00 – 00.26 )

iggnit 3 ( 00 .26 – )00.18

00.18 ( iggnit tagnas 4 - 001

dilaV


tnecreP

latoT 02 001 001 001

19

hadneR iggniT iggnit tagnaS

esatnesreP

esatnesreP

X isatserp

0 0 0. 0 0. 0 0.

.0 0 0 0. 0 0. 0.0

0.5 52 0. 52 0. 52 0.

0.51 57 0. 557 0. 7 0. 5

1 00.42( hadner tagnas - )00.34

57.34 >( - )05.26

2 hadner ( 34 . 00 – 00.26 )

iggnit 3 ( 00 .26 – )00.18


dilaV


tnecreP

latoT 02 001 001 001

19

esatnesreP

X isatserp

0 0 0. 0 0. 0 0.

.0 0 0 0. 0 0. 0.0

0.5 52 0. 52 0. 52 0.

0.51 57 0. 557 0. 7 0. 5

1 00.42( hadner tagnas - )00.34

57.34 >( - )05.26

2 hadner ( 34 . 00 – 00.26 )

iggnit 3 ( 00 .26 – )00.18


dilaV


tnecreP

latoT 02 001 001 001


29


39


49


59


69

naripmaL 31


79


plagiat merupakan tindakan tidak terpuji - … an yesu s ata s be rka t d an raha matn ya. 2. ibu...

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