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KAI 6044

PENGLIBATAN KELUARGA, KOMUNITI DAN BUDAYA

DALAM PENDIDIKAN AWAL KANAK-KANAK

TAJUK TUGASAN

KUMPULAN

A M151

DISEDIAKAN OLEH

NAMA NO. ID NO. TEL

MD AZRI BIN SIDIK

HAIRUMUNA BINTI ABD MAJID

M20151000510

M2015100052

01!-!101026

01!-!"#4"!#

NAMA PENSYARAH$ DR. NORDIN BIN MAMAT

TUGASAN BERKUMPULAN

ARTIKEL



ISI KANDUNGAN

BIL. PERKARA HALAMAN

1.

P%&%'()**& +S B%'*&

M%&* /%%**'*& *&3 %'*)&* *3 )*&*)-)*&*)

3 – 6

2 K%*& %'*& 7%'8*9*/ /%')%*&3*& *:* )*&*)-

)*&*)

7 - 8

3 K%/;*& 9

4 R;;)*& 10

P%&%'()**& +S B%'*&

M%&* /%%**'*& *&3 %'*)&* *3 )*&*)-)*&*)

2



Pener!""n #er$n% &$!"$'!"n &en%"n (er)*"'"n +"n% ,"n" $"n+" ,e$)"'!"n "

,ener!" )er&"#"r!"n !",*# (e"/"r e&$#$ !e&*". "", !n#e( (en&$&$!"n "" !"n"!-!"n"!

(ener!""n #er$n% &$%*n"!"n &"", !n#e( )er,"$n )"%$ !"n"!-!"n"!. Ke$n%$n"n #$!"(

$n%$n '"* +"n% '$n%%$ ,en%%""!!"n !"n"!-!"n"! ,e,)*"' #*"'* (ener!""n 'er*'",n+"

!e'$!" )er,"$n. B$"#"n+" !"n"!-!"n"! "!"n ,ener!" #e#*"'* ,e"*$ )er,"$n. en%"n $'*

#e5"r" '$&"! "n%#*n% "!"n ,e*/*&!"n #*"'* (en%"","n &"", (er!e,)"n%"n "" !"n"!-

!"n"! #e(er'$ +"n% &$n+"'"!"n e B, 1998.

Se/"! "$r )er,"$n ,er*("!"n "!'$$'$ +"n% *'"," &"", (er!e,)"n%"n !"n"!-!"n"!

&"r$ "#(e! $:$!" $n'ee! ##$" &"n e,#$. Ber,"$n /*%" &"("' ,e,)er$!"n #*"'* (e,)e"/"r"n

+"n% )er,"!n" #e5"r" '$&"! "n%#*n% 'er"&"( (er!e,)"n%"n !"n"!-!"n"!. P"&" *#$" $n$

!"n"!-!"n"! )$"#"n+" 5en&er*n% !e "r" (er"#""n $n%$n '"* &"n "!"n ,e"!*!"n #*"'*

(ener!""n &"n (e)"%"$ $,"%$n"#$ &"n (er,"$n"n +"n% &$5$('" #e'er*#n+" ,e,)$n" !e+"!$n"n

&$r$ +"n% )ere)$"n ("&" &$r$ ,ere!". en%"n $'* !"n"!-!"n"! &"("' ,e$)"'!"n &$r$ #e5"r"

"!'$ &"n ,e,)er$!"n !e)e)"#"n !e("&" &$r$ !"n"!-!"n"! *n'*! ,en%e,)"n%!"n ,$n"' &"n

)"!"' ,ere!". P"&" (en&"("' Pe#'"::$ 1746-1827 !"n"!-!"n"! )e"/"r ,e"*$ (er#e!$'"r"n

#e,*" /"&$. Men*r*'n+" "%$ !"n"!-!"n"! (er* ,en%",)$ )""%$"n &"", "!'$$'$ +"n%

)er,"!n" )er"#"#!"n (en%"","n $&*( +"n% #e)en"r. Pe#'"::$ ,en$'$!)er"' (ener!""n

,e"*$ (en%"","n &er$" $"$'* (en%"","n ,er"#" ,en%$&* ,en+en'* ,en&en%"r &"n

,e$"'. Ter&"("' (e)"%"$ 5"r" !"e&" +"n% ,e,)er"n%#"n% !"n"!-!"n"! "!*!"n "!'$$'$ +"n%

&$n+"'"!"n e Pe#'"::$ &en%"n (e)"%"$ (er$n%!"' *,*r.

Ken+"'""n +"n% &$n+"'"!"n e Pe#'"::$ )e &$!"$'!"n &en%"n )er&"#"r!"n &*"

r"n% '! $"$'* !"/$"n M$&re& P"r'en 1932 $"$'* ,"$n ##$" &"", !""n%"n !"n"!-!"n"!

+"n% ,"n" )e &$!"#$$!"#$!"n !e("&" 6 !"'e%r$;

Kategori pertama ,e"*$ (e,er"'$"n +"n% ,"n" !"n"!-!"n"! 'er#e)*' "n+"

,e"!*!"n (er%er"!"n &"r$ #"'* 'e,("' !e #"'* 'e,("' '"n(" ,e"!*!"n "("-"(". I" )e

&$!"$'!"n &en%"n &er$" ,e$"' &"n &"("' ,e,)$n" #e#*"'* !re"'$$'$ )er&"#"r!"n (en$r*"n.

<n'n+" !"n"!-!"n"! ,e$"' r"n% &e"#" ,e,"#"! &"", ("&" ,"#" +"n% #"," "!"n

,e,)er$ ,e,(e"/"r$ (er%er"!"n &"n 5"r" +"n% &$"!*!"n e r"n% &e"#" 'er#e)*'.

3



Kategori kedua, ,er*("!"n M"$n &$r$-#en&$r$ #$'"r+ ("+ "'"* &$!"$'!"n &en%"n

,"$n )er#en&$r$"n. M"$n &$r$-#en&$r$ ,er*("!"n #e#*"'* "!'$$'$ $:$!" "'"* (#$!%$!" "'"*

!e&*"-&*"n+" +"n% &$"!#"n"!"n e #er"n% !"n"!-!"n"! '"n(" !"n"!-!"n"! +"n% "$n.

K"n"!-!"n"! $n$ ,e,(*n+"$ $,"%$n"#$ #en&$r$ +"n% ,"n" ,ere!" e)$ 5en&er*n% )er,"$n

)er#en&$r$"n #e"-" !"n"!-!"n"! $n$ ,e,(*n+"$ &*n$"n+" #en&$r$. <n'n+" "#$

&"r$("&" (e,er"'$"n ,ere!" &$ #e!e$$n%n+" ,e,)"n'* !"n"!-!"n"! $n$ ,e,)$n"

$,"%$n"#$n+" #en&$r$ )er&"#"r!"n "'"!-"'"! +"n% )er"&" &$ #e!e$$n% ,ere!" #e(er'$

(e,)"r$# (en#e )"n'" "'"* #e)"%"$n+" +"n% )e &$/"&$!"n ""' ,"$n"n ,ere!". P"&"

(er$,%!"' $n$ !"n"!-!"n"! )e /"&$!"n (e,)"r$# #e)"%"$ ""' ,e,'n% #e'er*#n+"

(en#e &$/"&$!"n #e)"%"$ ""' ,e,"#"! &"n #e'er*#n+" )e%$'*" $,"%$n"#$ !"n"!-!"n"! &"",

(er,"$n"n )er#en&$r$"n.

Kategori ketiga, /*%" ,er*("!"n #*"'* (e,er"'$"n +"n% ,"n" !"n"!-!"n"! $n$ "n+"

,e,er"'$ !"n"!-!"n"! "$n )er,"$n '"n(" ,e$)"'!"n &$r$. In$ ,er*("!"n #"'* (r#e# !"n"!-

!"n"! 'er#e)*' *n'*! ,e,(e"/"r$ #e#*"'* "!'$$'$ +"n% )er,"!n" ("&" &$r$ ,ere!" &$ ,"#" "!"n

&"'"n%.

Kategori keempat, "&"" +"n% &$n+"'"!"n #e)"%"$ M"$n Se"r$ +"n% ,e,)""

,"!#*& #*"'* "!'$$'$ +"n% &$"!*!"n e &*" "'"* e)$ !"n"!-!"n"! )er,"$n )er#en&$r$"n

&"", "!'$$'$ ,"#" &"n 'e,("' +"n% #",". M"$n #e"r$ $n$ !"&"n%!"" )e ,en"r$! (er"'$"n

!"n"!-!"n"! 'er'en'* *n'*! )er,"$n &en%"n !"n"!-!"n"! +"n% "$n &"n $,("!n+" &"("'

,en$n%!"'!"n $n'er"!#$ &"n !e,"$r"n !,*n$!"#$ &"", !""n%"n !"n"!-!"n"!.

Se'er*#n+" &$ )"" #$'*"#$ $n$ 5$r$ )er,"$n #e"r$ )er*)" &"n &$%"n'$!"n &en%"n 5$r$

,"$n "##$"'$ "'"* ,"$n !(er"'$ $"$'* ,er*("!"n kategori kelima &"n kategori enam

,er*("!"n #e/en$# (" ,"$n +"n% ,"n" &*" "'"* e)$ &"", !*,(*"n !"n"!-!"n"! +"n%

)er,"$n #e5"r" )er"#$n%"n 'e'"($ */*& !er/"#"," &"n !,*n$!"#$ &$ "n'"r" ,ere!". $ #$n$

,ener"n%!"n )""" kategori kelima, !"n"!-!"n"! "!"n )er!n%#$ ""' (er,"$n"n +"n% &$,"$n#e'er*#n+" ,e,)$n" !e,"$r"n !,*n$!"#$ "n'"r" #"'* #"," "$n. An'"r" (er,"$n"n +"n% )e

&$,"$n "&"" (er,"$n"n !e/"r-!e/"r. Se5"r" '$&"! "n%#*n% &"", (er,"$n"n $n$ "!"n

,e,)$n" !e,"$r"n )er$!$r &"n (en%"","n &"", !""n%"n !"n"!-!"n"! +"n% ,"n" ($#

"!"n ,en"n%!"( (en/""'. A'"* (*n )er,"$n )! = e% +"n% )e &$/"&$!"n #*"'*

(e,)$n""n #e(er'$ ,e,)$n" r*," /",)"'"n &"n "$n-"$n "%$. Se,"#" )er,"$n "!"n )er"!*

4



(er)$n5"n%"n !,*n$!"#$ (er'*!"r"n )!-)! ,"$n"n &"n #"$n% ,e,)"n'* #e#"," ,ere!".

Pe)"%"$ !re"'$$'$ +"n% &"("' &$"#$!"n e !"n"!-!"n"! )er&"#"r!"n (en%"","n &"n

$,"%$n"#$ ,ere!".

A!$r #e!"$ ,er*("!"n kategori keenam $"$'* ,"$n !(er"'$ )er,"!#*& &*" "'"* e)$

!"n"!-!"n"! +"n% )er*,*r 4 $n%%" > '"*n +"n% )er,"$n &"", "!'$$'$ +"n% ,e,(*n+"$

,"'","' +"n% #",". <n'n+" !"n"!-!"n"! )er,"$n ,e,)$n" $#'"n" ("#$r &en%"n $n$

*/*&n+" #"'* (ener!""n &"", !""n%"n &$r$ !"n"!-!"n"! ,e"*$ )er,"$n (er,"$n"n

'er#e)*'. Per#""n +"n% */*& )"%"$,"n" &"n "(" +"n% (er* &$"!*!"n &"", (er,"$n"n

,e,)$n" $#'"n" ("#$r. en%"n &e,$!$"n "&" !"n"!-!"n"! +"n% &$'*%"#!"n *n'*! ,en5"r$

("#$r &"n 'er&"("' /*%" !"n"!-!"n"! +"n% ,e,)$n" $#'"n" 'er#e)*' #e'e" ("#$r &$(ere #er'"

,en*n*/*!!"n 'er&"("' (er*)*n%"n #"$n% )e!er/"#"," "n'"# ,e*/*&!"n $n'er"!#$ "'"*

!,*n$!"#$ &"",,!""n%"n !"n"!-!"n"! &"", (er,"$n"n ,e,)$n" $#'"n". $ "n'"r"

!ee,("'-e,("' !"'e%r$ ,"$n &$ "'"# ,"$n !(er"'$ ,er*("!"n '""( 'er'$n%%$ &"", ,"$n

##$". In$ !er"n" &$ )"" !"'e%r$ !een", $"$'* ,"$n !(er"'$ )"n+"! 5$r$ ##$" +"n%

&$'",($!"n #e(er'$ )er!er/"#"," )er'"! "n#*r &"n )er$n'er"!#$ +"n% &$(*(*! &"n

&$(er"'$!"n. M"!" &en%"n $'* !e,"$r"n !"n"!-!"n"! &"r$ "#(e! /"#,"n$ e,#$ r"n$

$n'ee! &"n ##$" ?ERIS +"n% #e&$" "&" ,e,)"n'* ,e,)en'*! !e,"$r"n "#"# *n'*! "!'$$'$

(e,)e"/"r"n "(")$" ,ere!" ,"#*! !e "", (r"#e!".

Se'er*#n+" 'er$ (e,)e"/"r"n !n#'r*!'$$#,e +"n% &$(e(r$ e ?e"n P$"%e'

,e,(*n+"$ "#"# 'er$ !%n$'$ &en%"n (ene!"n"n &$)er$!"n !e("&" )"%"$,"n" #'r*!'*r !%n$'$

,e,)$n" &"n ,en%r%"n$#"#$ (en%e'"*"n. P$"%e' 19621983 ,en+"'"!"n !e*("+""n "&"('"#$

$:$!" "&"" (en'$n% *n'*! (er!e,)"n%"n $:$!" ,"n"!"" !e*("+""n "&"('"#$ (#$!%$!"

"!"n ,e,"#'$!"n (er!e,)"n%"n #'r*!'*r !%n$' +"n% &$("n%%$ e )e$"* #e)"%"$ skema.

M"!" 'er$ !%n$'$ P$"%e' ,er"n%!*,$ dua proses $"$'* pertama "&"" (r#e# "#$,$"#$ +"n%

,en%"&"('"#$ !e,"$r"n "'"* ,"!*,"' )"r* *n'*! ,en+e#*"$!"nn+" &en%"n !e,"$r"n "'"*

,"!*,"' +"n% 'e" #e&$" )er"&" &"", #'r*!'*r !%n$'$n+". Pr#e# kedua (*" (r#e#

"!,&"#$ +"n% ,en%*)"#*"$!"n !e,"$r"n "'"* ,"!*,"' )"r* &"", #'r*!'*r !%n$'$n+".

Pr#e# (e"!#"n""n "!'$$'$ )er,"$n "'"* ,"$n ,en%$!*' P$"%e' ,er*("!"n (r#e# "#$,$"#$

+"n% *'",". $ #",($n% $'* P$"%e' ,e,"n&"n% )er,"$n #e)"%"$ "!'$$'$ (en%*!*"n *n'*!

5



'$n%!" "!* +"n% )"r* &$(e"/"r$. en%"n )er,"$n /*%" #e#*"'* (en%"/"r"n +"n% en&"!

&$/""n!"n "!"n ,en/"&$ e)$ #ern! &"n &"("' ,en"r$! ,$n"' !"n"!-!"n"!.

Ter&"("' e,("' /en$# )en'*! (er,"$n"n )er&"#"r!"n !"/$"n P$"%e' 1962 +"n% #er$n%

&"("' &$(er"'$!"n &"", !""n%"n !"n"!-!"n"! (r"#e!" $"$'* ,en%e'"*$ *n%#$ (er,"$n"n

,en%e'"*$ #$,) ""' ,ene'"(!"n (er"'*r"n &"", (er","$n"n &"n (er,"$n"n #$,)$!.

Ber$!*' !e'er"n%"n ,en%en"$ e,("' /en$# (er,"$n"n ,en%$!*' !"/$"n P$"%e';

$. @*n%#$ (er,"$n"n

"", #$'*"#$ $n$ !"n"!-!"n"! 5en&er*n% ,e"!*!"n (ener!""n 'er"&"( #e#*"'* )/e!

+"n% &$%*n"!"n. <n'n+" r$ "'"* (e)"%"$ !en&er""n "$n $" &$%*n"!"n #e)"%"$

,en%$#$ ,*"'"n )er"' #e(er'$ ("#$r #",(" )"'* &"n #e)"%"$n+".

$$. Men%e'"*$ #$,) ""'

$ ,"n" !"n"!-!"n"! "!"n ,e,)$n" #*"'* !e,"$r"n )"r* +"n% ,"n" !"n"!-!"n"!

,en%%*n"!"n $,"%$n"#$ ,ere!" &en%"n ,en/"&$!"n ""' ,"$n"n +"n% &$%*n"!"n #e)"%"$

""' +"n% "$n #e(er'$ e% '"&$ &$/"&$!"n #e)"%"$ !ere'" "'"* )"r"n% en&"! &$/*"

#e)"%"$ %"n'$"n "n%. Be%$'*" #e'er*#n+" $,"%$n"#$ !"n"!-!"n"! 'er"&"( "$n-"$n

""' ,"$n"n +"n% &$%*n"!"n.

$$$. Mene'"(!"n (er"'*r"n &"", (er,"$n"n

B$"#"n+" &"", (er,"$n"n $n$ $"n+" ,e$)"'!"n e)$ &"r$("&" #er"n% (e,"$n +"n%

,"n" !"n"!-!"n"! "!"n ,ene'"(!"n #*"'* (er"*'r"n &"", (er,"$n"n +"n% &$,"$n!"n.

Mere!" )e ,ene'"(!"n ("n&"n%"n (er"'*r"n "'"* ,en%*)" #*"$ &"", "'*r"n 5"r"

)er,"$n. <n'n+" (er,"$n"n #e(er'$ !e/"r-!e/"r +"n% )er,"$n &"", !*,(*"n &$

,"n" &"", (er,"$n"n 'er#e)*' 'er&"("' #er"n% ,e,e%"n% "'"! ($# &"n )e)er"("

r"n% (en5*r$ '*%"# ($# "&"" ,en"n%!"( (en5*r$. A(")$" (en5*r$ &$'"n%!"( ($#

(er,"$n"n 'er#e)*' "!"n &$,*"!"n #e,*" (er,"$n"n 'er#e)*' )e%$'*" #e'er*#n+"

(er"'*r"n (er,"$n"n +"n% &$,"$n!"n.

$. Per,"$n"n #$,)$!

6



Se'er*#n+" &"", (er,"$n"n $n$ "!"n ,e,)"n'* !e,"$r"n ,en5$('" &"n ,e,)$n"

)/e! )er&"#r!"n ""' ,"$n"n +"n% &$%*n"!"n. <n'n+" e% !"n"!-!"n"! "!"n

,en%"($!"#$!"n (e)"%"$ re!")en'*! +"n% &$$,"%$n"#$!"n #e(er'$ &"r$("&" e% !"n"!-

!"n"! )e ,e,)$n" r)' r*," $#'"n" 'e,("' (er,"$n"n &"n "$n-"$n.

e +"n% &e,$!$"n 'er&"("' (e)"%"$ /en$# (er,"$n"n &"n (ener!""n +"n% &$"!*!"n e

!"n"!-!"n"! &"("' ,e,)$n" (e)"%"$ !e,"$r"n &"n (e,)e"/"r"n +"n% )er,"!n" #er'"

,en$,)*!"n (er"#""n ,en%%e,)$r"!"n &"", !""n%"n !"n"!-!"n"!.

K%*& %'*& 7%'8*9*/ /%')%*&3*& *:* )*&*)-)*&*)

Se'$"( !"n"!-!"n"! "!"n ,en$,)" (e)"%"$ (en%"","n &"n (en%e'"*"n (e,)e"/"r"n #e5"r"

"n%#*n% &"n '$&"! "n%#*n% ,e"*$ )er,"$n. P"&" (er$n%!"' $n$ !"n"!-!"n"! "!"n ,ener!"

"(" #""/" "(" +"n% &$$n%$n!"n. N",*n )e%$'* (en%"","n &"n (en%e'"*"n +"n% &$/""n!"n

,e"*$ (ener!""n &"", !""n%"n !"n"!-!"n"! &"("' ,e,)"n'* "'"* '$&"! )"%$ (er!e,)"n%"n

!"n"!-!"n"!. In$ "&"" !er"n" (r#e# +"n% &$/""n!"n e !"n"!-!"n"! &$(ere #e5"r"

#e&"r "'"* &$#e)"$!n+". Ter&"("' '$%" /en$# (er"n"n +"n% )$"#" &$"!*!"n e !"n"!-!"n"!

(r"#e!" &"", ,"$n ##$&r","'$! $"$'* (er"n"n "$ !e*"r%" (er"n"n ,&e &"n (er"n"n

*n%#$n" e G"re+ 1972. R*' E.H"r'e+ #er"n% "$ (#$!%$ (*" ,en%en" ("#'$

)e)er"(" *n%#$ ,e"*$ )er,"$n ,"$n (er"n"n &"", "$ !e*"r%" +"n% ,"n" #e)"%"$ r"n%

&e"#" (er* ,e,"",$ (er"n"n ,ere!" !"n"!-!"n"! &"", re"$'$ $&*( ,e,)er$ (e*"n%

!e("&" !"n"!-!"n"! ,ee("#!"n (er"#""n ,ere!" 'er"&"( *)*n%"n "$-"$ !e*"r%" &"n

(en%"","n $&*( &"", r*," ,ere!" #er'" ,en/"&$!"n #"*r"n *n'*! ,ee("#!"n (er"#""n

+"n% '$&"! &$)en"r!"n &"", $&*( n+"'" &"n ,e,)er$ (e*"n% *n'*! ,en*n/*!!"n "#r"'

!en&$r$ !"n"!-!"n"! ,$#"n+" ,e,"$n!"n (er"n"n (en%"#* "'"* ,en'r &en%"n ,en5*r"!"n

r"#" #"+"n% 'er"&"( ,"$n"n "$"n +"n% &$)e" "'"*(*n !"n"!-!"n"! !e5$. M"!" ,"$n

##$&r","'$! +"n% &$*r"$!"n &"("',e,)er$!"n ,"n""' !e("&" !"n"!-!"n"! &"", ,e*"!"n

(er"#""n ,ere!" #er'" ,en$n%!"'!"n !e,"$r"n &"n (er!e,)"n%"n !"n"!-!"n"! &"r$ #e%$

/"#,"n$ e,#$ r"n$ $n'ee! &"n ##$" ?ERIS.

Se'er*#n+" ,en%$!*' H. S(en5er 1973 '*/*"n *'"," )er,"$n $"" ,ee("#!"n

'en"%" )"&"n +"n% )ere)$"n &$ ,"n" &en%"n )er,"$n !"n"!-!"n"! "!"n ,en/"&$ "!'$ &"n

7



5er%"# &"r$ #e%$ (en%%*n""n $:$!" &"n ,en'" ,ere!". M"n"!"" S$%,*n& @re*& 1968

,e,"n&"n% main” #e)"%"$ #e#*"'* 5"r" *n'*! ,en%*r"n%!"n e,#$ !e)$,)"n%"n &"n

,en%"" e,#$ &en%"n ,ee("#!"n '$n&"!"n +"n% #"" &"", &*n$" !"+""n !"n"!-!"n"!.

M"!" &en%"n $'* main” ,e,"$n!"n (er"n"n +"n% (en'$n% &"", (er!e,)"n%"n e,#$ &"n

##$" !"n"!-!"n"!. P"&" (en&"("' ?e"n P$"%e' 1962 (*" ,en+"'"!"n )""" '*/*"n )er,"$n

$"" ,en%%er"!!"n (er!e,)"n%"n !%n$'$. en%"n !"'" "$n ,"n""' +"n% &$(ere$ &"r$("&"

)er,"$n $"" ,e,)"n'* (er!e,)"n%"n $n'ee! &"n ##$" #e5"r" ('$,*,. Se"$n $'*

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