hak repro perempuan

8/18/2019 Hak Repro Perempuan

1/15

PELAKSANAAN HAK-HAK KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI PEREMPUAN

BERDASARKAN KONVENSI INTERNASIONAL DAN PERATURAN

PERUNDANG-UNDANGAN YANG BERLAKU DI INDONESIA

20 DESEMBER 2014 / SETYAKARIORIANSYAH

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Latar belakang

Pe!%&%r"n !en'en"% #"&-#"& re(r)$*&+% (ere!(*"n !er*("&"n (er&e!,"n'"n $"r%

&)n+e( #"&-#"& "+"+% !"n*+%". D""! (er&e!,"n'"nn" &)n+e( #"&-#"& "+"+%

!"n*+%" $"("t $%,"'% $""! $*" %$e $"+"r. Pert"!" ("n$"n'"n "n' ,er(%"& ("$"

&e"&%n"n ,"#" t%"( !"n*+%" "#%r $en'"n #"&-#"& %n$%%$* "n' t%$"& $%(%+"#&"n

$"r%n" $"n &e$*" ("n$"n'"n "n' !ene&"n&"n &e"%,"n !"+"r"&"t $"n ne'"r"

*nt*& !en"!%n t%$"& +"" &e,e,"+"n $"n &e+e!("t"n ,"'% "r'" ne'"r" tet"(% *'"

!e!"+t%&"n ,"#" "r'" ne'"r" !"!(* !e!(er)e# !e"&+"n"&"n &e,e,"+"n $"n

"(" "n' !en"$% #"&n".

M"+""# re(r)$*&+% +"!" +e&"% t%$"& $"("t $%e("+&"n $"r% +e&+*"%t"+ $"n t*,*#

!"n*+%". Se&+*"%t"+ t%$"& +e!"t"-!"t" $)r)n'"n n"*r% "t"* &e,*t*#"n ,%))'%+

*+*+n" ""t &e"!%n3 tet"(% !er*("&"n ,ent*& %nter"&+% +)+%" "t"* ,er+%"t

re"+%)n".

B"n"& (ere!(*"n "n' t%$"& !en'et"#*% #"&n" &"ren" $""! &e#%$*("n

(ere!(*"n !"+""# #"& +"n'"t "n'&" $%,%5"r"&"n. 6*n'+% re(r)$*&+% !ere&" "n'

$%(er"n&"n #"n" ("$" %""# $)!e+t%& !e!,*"t (ere!(*"n e,%# ,%"+" $en'"n

,er,"'"% &e"%,"n !%+"n" +e,"'"% +e)r"n' %,* $"n %+tr% #"r*+ $"n "%, !en$%$%&

"n"& !en'"t*r r*!"# t"n''" !en$"!(%n'% $"n !e""nn% +*"!%. M*n'&%n e,%#

!*$"# ,"'% (ere!(*"n *nt*& !e!,*"t $"t"r &e"%,"n !ere&" $"r% ("$" #"&n".

Be'%t* *'" $en'"n "rt% +e#"t (ere!(*"n e,%# !en'"n''"( &e+e#"t"n "$""# "n'

,er&"%t"n $en'"n )r'"n t*,*#n" ("$"#" !"&n" &e+e#"t"n t%$"& #"n" $e!%&%"n.

A(""'% &"t" re(r)$*&+% !"+%# ,"n"& (ere!(*"n "n' ,e*! !en'et"#*%n".

Pe!,"n'*n"n &e+e#"t"n ,ert**"n *nt*& !e!(ert%n''% $er""t &e+e#"t"n. De!%

ter5"("%n" $er""t &e+e#"t"n "n' t%n''% !"&" "n%t" +e,"'"% (ener%!" &e+e#"t"n

"n'')t" &e*"r'" $"n (e!,er% (e""n"n &e+e#"t"n #"r*+ ,er(er"n $""! &e*"r'"

+*("" "n"& t*!,*# +e#"t +"!("% $e"+" +e,"'"% 'ener"+% !*$". Oe# +e,", %t*

"n%t" +e)'"n" $%,er% (er#"t%"n.

A$"(*n $e%n%+% tent"n' "rt% &e+e#"t"n re(r)$*&+% "n' te"# $%ter%!" +e5"r"

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%ntern"+%)n" "%t* 7 +e,"'"% &e"$""n &e+e"#ter""n %+%& !ent" +)+%" "n' *t*#

$""! +e'"" #" "n' ,er&"%t"n $en'"n +%+t%! *n'+%-*n'+% $"n (r)+e+ re(r)$*&+%.

Se"%n %t* *'" $%+%n''*n' #"& (r)$*&+% "n' $%$"+"r&"n ("$" (en'"&*"n #"& "+"+%

!"n*+%" ,"'% +et%"( ("+"n'"n "t"* %n$%%$* *nt*& !enent*&"n +e5"r" ,e,"+ $"n

,ert"n''*n' "", !en'en"% *!"# "n"& (en"r"&"n "n"& $"n !enent*&"n

&e"#%r"n "n"& !ere&".

D""! K)neren+% Intern"+%)n" Ke(en$*$*&"n $"n Pe!,"n'*n"n (International

Konfren on Population and Depelopmen/ICPD). Y"n' $%+()n+)r% )e# (er+er%&"t"n

B"n'+" B"n'+" PBB3 $% K"%r) Me+%r ("$" t"#*n 1884 $%#"$%r% )e# 11.000

(er"&%"n $"n e,%# 190 ne'"r". K)nren+% ter+e,*t !e"#%r&"n &e,%"&"n ,"r*

tent"n' (e!,"n'*n"n $"n &e(en$*$*&"n +e(ert% ter5"nt*! $""! (r)'r"! "&+% 20

t"#*n "n' t%$"& "'% ter)&*+ ("$" (en5"("%"n t"r'et ()(*"+% tertent* tet"(% e,%#

$%t**&"n ("$" *("" (en+t",%"n "* (ert*!,*#"n (en$*$*& "n' ,er)r%ent"+% ("$"

&e(ent%n'"n (e!,"n'*n"n !"n*+%". Pr)'r"! "&+% %n% !ener*&"n "'"r +et%"( ne'"r"

!en%n'&"t&"n +t"t*+ &e+e#"t"n (en$%$%&"n $"n #"&-#"& %n$%%$* *+*+n" ,"'%

(ere!(*"n $"n "n"&-"n"& $"n !en'%nte'r"+%&"n (r)'r"! &e*"r'" ,eren5"n" KB3

&e$""! "'en$" &e+e#"t"n (ere!(*"n "n' e,%# *"+.

6)&*+ ter(ent%n' $"r% (r)'r"!n" "$""# (ene$%""n (e""n"n &e+e#"t"n re(r)$*&+%

"n' !ene*r*# "n' !e!"$*&"n KB (e""n"n &e#"!%"n $"n (er+"%n"n "n'

"!"n (en5e'"#"n (en'),"t"n %ne&+% !en*"r +e&+*"/IMS ter!"+*& HIV3

%n)r!"+% $"n &)n+e%n' +e&+*"%t"+ +ert" (e""n"n &e+e#"t"n (ere!(*"n !en$"+"r

"%nn". Ter!"+*& (en'#"(*+"n ,ent*&-,ent*& &e&er"+"n ter#"$"( (ere!(*"n +e(ert%

+*n"t (ere!(*"n *" ,e% (ere!(*"n $"n ,er,"'"% ,ent*& &e&er"+"n "%nn".

Rumusan Masalah

1 A("&"# "n' $%!"&+*$ $en'"n #"& &e+e#"t"n re(r)$*&+% (ere!(*"n :

2 B"'"%!"n" H"&-#"& Ke+e#"t"n re(r)$*&+% (ere!(*"n ,er$"+"r&"n &)nen+%

%ntern"+%)n" Per"t*r"n Per*n$"n'-*n$"n'"n $"n &e,%"&"n $% In$)ne+%" :

; B"'"%!"n" I!(e!ent"+% &e,%"&"n Ke+e#"t"n Re(r)$*&+% $"n H"& Ke+e#"t"n

Re(r)$*&+% $% In$)ne+%" :

Pembahasan

1 Hak Kesehatan Reproduksi Perempuan

Pen"$"r"n ter#"$"( (ere!(*"n "t"+ re(r)$*&+%n" (er* $%,er% ,e,er"(" (en'ert%"n

"n' e,%# *+*+ "%t* "(" "n' $%+e,*t $en'"n #"& &e+e#"t"n $"n re(r)$*&+% %t*

+en$%r%. D% &*t%( $"r% N"n%


3/15

!ee&"t ("$" $%r% *nt*& !e"&*&"n "t"* t%$"& !e"&*&"n !e!(er)e# "t"* t%$"&

!e!(er)e# +e+*"t*.

Ke+"$"r"n tent"n' #"& +e,"'"% !"n*+%" $"n +e,"'"% (ere!(*"n +e,"'"% &e&*"t"n

,"'% (ere!(*"n *nt*& !e"&*&"n ,er,"'"% "&t%%t"+ ,"'% &e(ent%n'"n $%r% &e*"r'"

!"+"r"&"t.

Se#"t "$""# t%$"& #"n" ,er&"%t"n &et%$"&n"!"n"n %+%& tet"(% *'" !ent" $"n

+)+%". Ket%'" "+(e& %n% +"%n' ,er#*,*n'"n +"t* +"!" "%nn" $"n +"%n'

!e!(en'"r*#% "n' $"("t !e!,*"t +e+e)r"n' +"&%t "t"* +e#"t.

Re(r)$*&+% "$""# !en'#"+%&"n &e!,"% "t"* &e!"!(*"n (ere!(*"n *nt*&

!en'#"+%&"n &et*r*n"n +e5"r" ,er*"n'.

D"r% $e%n% $% "t"+ !"&" !"&n" #"& &e+e#"t"n re(r)$*&+% !en"$% +er"n'&"%"n &"t"

"n' !e!%%&% %+% !%+% $"n (r)'r"! ,"#" #"& $"n &e+e#"t"n re(r)$*&+% !en"$%

$*" &)n+e( "n' t%$"& ter,"t"+ ("$" (er+)""n !e$%+ )r'"n re(r)$*&+% +"". K)n+e(

(ert"!" "$""# #"& re(r)$*&+%= &e$*" &e+e#"t"n re(r)$*&+%. D%&*t%( $"r% Implication

of the ICPD (International Congress Population and Development) Programme of

Action 1884 ,"#" "n' $%!"&+*$ r*"n' %n'&*( &e+e#"t"n re(r)$*&+% "$""# 7

1 Ke+e"#ter""n %+%& !ent" $"n +)+%" "n' *t*#

2 Se'"" "n' ,er#*,*n'"n $en'"n +%+te! re(r)$*&+% $"n *n'+%-*n'+%n".

; Me!(*n"% &e#%$*("n +e&+ "n' !e!*"+&"n $"n "!"n

4 Me!(*n"% &e!"!(*"n *nt*& ,ere(r)$*&+% $"n &e,e,"+"n *nt*& !enent*&"n

"("&"# !ere&" %n'%n !e"&*&"nn" ,%"!"n" $"n ,er"(" +er%n'&"#.

> Me!(*n"% "&+e+ ter#"$"( 5"r"-5"r" &e*"r'" ,eren5"n" "n' "!"n ee&t%

ter"n'&"* $"n $"("t $%ter%!" "n' !en"$% (%%#"n !ere&" $"n !et)$e "n'

!ere&" (%%#.

? H"& *nt*& !e!(er)e# (e""n"n (e!e%#"r""n &e+e#"t"n "n' te("t "n'

!e!*n'&%n&"n ("r" "n%t" +e"!"t !en""n% &e#"!%"nn" $"n !e"#%r&"n

"n"&.

@ Me!,er%&"n &e+e!("t"n ter,"%& &e("$" ("+"n'"n *nt*& !e!%%&% ,"% "n' +e#"t.

At"* $en'"n &"t" "%n &e+e#"t"n re(r)$*&+% "$""# +e&*!(*"n !et)$e te&n%& $"n

(e""n"n "n' !en$*&*n' &e+e#"t"n $"n &e+e"#ter""n re(r)$*&+% !e"*%

(en5e'"#"n $"n (enee+"%"n !"+""# &e+e#"t"n re(r)$*&+% "n' !en5"&*(

&e+e#"t"n +e&+*" +t"t*+ &e#%$*("n $"n #*,*n'"n (er)r"n'"n ,*&"n +e!"t"

&)n+*t"+% $"n (er""t"n "n' ,ert"%"n $en'"n re(r)$*&+% (en"&%t "n' $%t*"r&"n

!e"*% #*,*n'"n +e&+.


4/15

De%n%+% #"&-#"& re(r)$*&+% +e5"r" +(e+%%& $"("t $%","r&"n +e,"'"% ,er%&*t 7

1 H"& re(r)$*&+% !en5"&*( #"&-#"& "+"+% !"n*+%" tertent* "n' +*$"# $%"&*% $""!

#*&*!-#*&*! n"+%)n" $)&*!en-$)&*!en #"& "+"+% %ntern"+%)n".

2 H"&-#"& "n' $%$"+"r&"n (en'"&*"n #"&-#"& "+"+% +e!*" ("+"n'"n $"n (r%,"$%

*nt*& !enent*&"n +e5"r" ,e,"+ $"n ,ert"n''*n'"", !en'en"% *!"# "n"&

$"n !enent*&"n "&t* &e"#%r"n "n"&-"n"& !ere&".

; Me!(*n"% %n)r!"+% $"n 5"r" *nt*& !e!(er)e# "n"& $"n #"& *nt*& !en5"("%

+t"n$"r tert%n''% &e+e#"t"n +e&+*" $"n re(r)$*&+%.

4 H"& +e!*" )r"n' *nt*& !e!,*"t &e(*t*+"n !en'en"% re(r)$*&+% "n' ,e,"+

$%+&r%!%n"+% ("&+""n $"n &e&er"+"n.

> Me!(er#%t*n'&"n &e,*t*#"n #%$*( $"r% "n"&-"n"& !ere&" "n' +e&"r"n' $"n ("$"

!"+" !en$"t"n' +ert" t"n''*n'"", !ere&" ter#"$"( !"+"r"&"t.

? H"&-#"& %n% #"r*+ $%$*&*n' )e# &e,%"&"n (e!er%nt"# $"n !"+"r"&"t $% ,%$"n'

&e+e#"t"n re(r)$*&+% ter!"+*& &e*"r'" ,eren5"n".

T**"n &e+e#"t"n $"n #"& re(r)$*&+% "$""# +e,"'"% ,er%&*t 7

1 Unt*& !e!"+t%&"n %n)r!"+% "n' !ee*r*# $"n "&t*" +ert" ,er"'"! tent"n'

(e""n"n (e!e%#"r""n &e+e#"t"n re(r)$*&+% ter+e$%" ter"n'&"* $"n $"("t

$%ter%!" +ert" 5)5)& *nt*& +e+*"% (e!"&"%.

2 Unt*& !e!*n'&%n&"n $"n !en$*&*n' &e(*t*+"n +*&"re" $"n ,ert"n''*n' "",

$""! #" &e#"!%"n $"n !et)$e &e*"r'" ,eren5"n" (%#"n !ere&" $"n

!et)$e "%n (%%#"n !ere&" $""! #" (en'"t*r"n &e+*,*r"n "n' t%$"&

,ertent"n'"n $en'"n #*&*! +ert" !e!(*n"% %n)r!"+% (en$%$%&"n $"n 5"r"

!e!(er)e#n".

; Unt*& !e!en*#% &e,*t*#"n-&e,*t*#"n &e+e#"t"n re(r)$*&+% "n' !en'""!%

(er*,"#"n +e("n"n' +%&*+ #%$*( $"n !e"&*&"n #" %t* $en'"n 5"r" "n'

(e&" ter#"$"( &e"ne&"r"'"!"n &e"$""n !"+"r"&"t +ete!("t. M"r%"n"

A!%r*$$%n 200;3

2 Hak-hak Kesehatan Reproduksi perempuan berdasarkan konvensi

internasional, Peraturan Perundang-undangan dan kebijakan di

indonesia.

H"& re(r)$*&+% +e,"'"% ,"'%"n $"r% #"& "+"+% !"n*+%" $%"!%n $""! ,e,er"("

(er"n%"n %ntern"+%)n" +e(ert% ter!*"t $""! The convention on the elimination alls

forms of discrimination againt woment (CEDA) IPD &e 4 $% K"%r) $"n &)neren+%

&e 4 tent"n' (ere!(*"n $% Be%%n' 188>. H"&-#"& ter+e,*t !e%(*t%


5/15

1 H"& *nt*& !en$"("t&"n %n)r!"+% $"n (en$%$%&"n &e+e#"t"n re(r)$*&+%= #"&

ter+e,*t ter&"%t $en'"n !"+""# &e+e#"t"n re(r)$*&+% ter!"+*& "!%n"n

&e+e#"t"n $"n &e+e"#ter""n +e+e)r"n' !"*(*n &e*"r'".

2 H"& !en$"("t&"n (e""n"n $"n (er%n$*n'"n &e+e#"t"n re(r)$*&+%= !e%(*t% #"&

"t"+ %n)r!"+% &eter"n'&"*"n (%%#"n &e"!"n"n &er"#"+%""n #"r'" $%r%

&en"!"n"n &e+%n"!,*n'"n (e""n"n $"n #"& ,er(en$"("t.

; H"& "t"+ &e,e,"+"n ,er(%&%r $"n !e!,*"t &e(*t*+"n tent"n' &e+e#"t"n re(r)$*&+%.

4 H"& *nt*& !e!*t*+&"n *!"# $"n "r"& &e"#%r"n "n"&.

> H"& *nt*& #%$*( $"n ,e,"+ $"r% re+%&) &e!"t%"n &"ren" &e#"!%"n "t"* !"+""#

? H"& !en$"("t &e,e,"+"n $"n &e"!"n"n $""! (e""n"n &e+e#"t"n re(r)$*&+%=

+et%"( %n$%%$* $%(er5"" *nt*& !en%&!"t% $"n !en'"t*r &e+e#"t"n

re(r)$*&+%n".

@ H"& *nt*& ,e,"+ $"r% +e'"" ,ent*& (en'"n%"""n $"n (er"&*"n ,*r*& "n'

!en"n'&*t &e+e#"t"n re(r)$*&+%= ter!"+*& #"& "n"&-"n"& "'"r $%%n$*n'%

$"r% e&+()%t"+% $"n (en'"n%"""n +e&+*" +ert" #"& +et%"( )r"n' *nt*&

$%%n$*n'% $"r% (er&)+""n &e&er"+"n (en%&+""n $"n (ee5e#"n +e&+*".

9 H"& "t"+ &er"#"+%""n (r%,"$% $""! !en""n&"n re(r)$*&+%n"= "rt%n" (e""n"n

re(r)$*&+% $%"&*&"n $en'"n !en'#)r!"t% &er"#"+%""n $"n ,"'% (ere!(*"n

$%,er% #"& *nt*& !enent*&"n +en$%r% (%%#"n re(r)$*&+%n".

8 H"& *nt*& !e!,"n'*n $"n !eren5"n"&"n &e*"r'"=

10 H"& $""! &e,e,"+"n ,er&*!(* $"n ,er("rt%+%("+% $""! ()%t%& "n'

,ern*"n+" &e+e#"t"n re(r)$*&+% "rt%n" +et%"( )r"n' !e!(*n"% #"& *nt*&

!en$e+"& (e!er%nt"# "'"r !ene!("t&"n !"+""# #"& $"n &e+e#"t"n

re(r)$*&+% +e,"'"% (r%)r%t"+ $""! &e,%"&"n ()%t%& ne'"r"n".

11 H"& *nt*& ,e,"+ $"r% +e'"" ,ent*& $%+&r%!%n"+% $"n &e+e#"t"n re(r)$*&+%=

12 H"& !en$"("t&"n !"n""t $"r% #"+% &e!"*"n %!* (en'et"#*"n ter!"+*&

(en'"&*"n #"& ,"#" +et%"( )r"n' ,er#"& !e!(er)e# (e""n"n &e+e#"t"n

re(r)$*&+% $en'"n ten))'% !*t"%r "n' "!"n $"n $"("t $%ter%!"

B"!,"n' 200>3

T%n$"& "n*t $"r% #"+% &)nen+% K"%r) "$""# ter,ent*&n" ("&et &e+e#"t"n

re(r)$*&+% e+en+%" PKRE3 )e# De("rte!en Ke+e#"t"n RI 20023 "$"(*n

(e!"#"!"n #"& re(r)$*&+% !en*r*t PKRE "$""# 7

1 Set%"( )r"n' ,er#"& !en$"("t&"n +t"n$"r (e""n"n &e+e#"t"n re(r)$*&+% "n'

ter,"%&.


6/15

2 Set%"( )r"n' (ere!(*"n "t"* "&%-"&% +e,"'"% ("+"n'"n "t"* +e,"'"% %n$%%$*3

,er#"& !e!(er)e# %n)r!"+% +een'&"(-en'&"(n" tent"n' +e&+*"%t"+

re(r)$*&+% $"n !"n""t +ert" ee& +"!(%n' ),"t-),"t"n ""t $"n t%n$"&"n

!e$%+ "n' $%'*n"&"n *nt*& (e""n"n $"n "t"* !en'"t"+% !"+""# &e+e#"t"n

re(r)$*&+%.

; Set%"( )r"n' !e!%%&% #"& *nt*& !e!(er)e# (e""n"n KB "n' "!"n ee&t%

ter"n'&"* $"("t $%ter%!" +e+*"% $en'"n (%%#"n t"n(" ("&+""n $"n !e""n

#*&*!.

4 Set%"( (ere!(*"n ,er#"& !e!(er)e# (e""n"n &e+e#"t"n "n' $%,*t*#&"nn"

"n' !e!*n'&%n&"n +e#"t $"n +e"!"t $""! !en""n% &e#"!%"n $"n

(er+"%n"n +ert" !e!(er)e# ,"% "n' +e#"t.

> Set%"( "n'')t" ("+"n'"n +*"!%-%+tr% ,er#"& !e!%%&% #*,*n'"n "n' $%$"+"r%

(en'#"r'""n ter#"$"( ("+"n'"n !"+%n'-!"+%n' $"n $%"&*&"n $""! +%t*"+%

$"n &)n$%+% "n' $%%n'%n&"n ,er+"!" t"n(" *n+*r (e!"&+""n "n5"!"n $"n

&e&er"+"n.

? Set%"( re!"" "&%-"&% !"*(*n (ere!(*"n ,er#"& !e!(er)e# %n)r!"+% "n'

te("t $"n ,en"r tent"n' re(r)$*&+% +e#%n''" $"("t ,er(er%"&* +e#"t $""!

!en""n% &e#%$*("n +e&+*" "n' ,ert"n''*n' "",.

@ Set%"( (ere!(*"n $"n "&%-"&% ,er#"& !en$"("t&"n %n)r!"+% $en'"n !*$"#

en'&"( $"n "&*r"t !en'en"% %ne&+% !en*"r +e&+*" ter!"+*& HIV/AIDS.

• L"n$"+"n T%n$"&"n ene" Be%%n' In$)ne+%".

P"r" (ere!(*"n "n' !e!%%&% (er#"t%"n ter#"$"( (er+)""n ,"n'+" +e"& "" "&t%

ter%,"t ("$" (e!,ent*&"n PBB !e!(*n"% t**"n *nt*& !en5e'"# ter"$%n"

(er"n' +ert" !e!(er*"n'&"n "$"n" (er$"!"%"n $"n &e"!"n"n. Se"%n %t* !ere&"

*'" +"n'"t ,er&e(ent%n'"n *nt*& !e!"*&"n e&)n)!% !e%n$*n'% HAM $"r%

%n$%%$* $"n t%$"& !e!,e$"&"n r"+ en%+ &e"!%n &e,"n'+""n $"n "'"!" An%

S)et%(t) $""! D#"r!" S E$%t)r3 200?7 2?3

• K)neren+% Intern"+%)n" tent"n' Pere!(*"n 7 $"r% MeC%5) %t +"!("% Be%%n'.

K)neren+% Intern"+%)n" &e$*" $%+een''"r"&"n $% K)(en#"'en t"#*n 1890. $en'"n

te!" &)n(eren+% !e!,"#"+ tent"n' (e&er""n &e+e#"t"n $"n (en$%$%&"n. H%n''"

$%"$)(+% $""! K)nen+% Pere!(*"n +e,"'"% $)&*!en %ntern"+%)n" ter(ent%n'

"n' $"("t $%r"t%%&"+% )e# ne'"r" "n'')t" PBB *nt*& !en5%(t"&"n &e+et"r""n

(ere!(*"n. K)nen+% %n% !e!*"t &e+"!""n #*&*! ,"'% (ere!(*"n +e,"'"% "r'"

ne'"r" $"n $%"&*%n" #"&-#"& (ere!(*"n $""! %n'&*( $)!e+t%& $"n $""!


7/15

%n'&*n'"n &e*"r'". K)nen+% %n% *'" !en'#"+%&"n Copenhagen Programme for

Action "n' $%)&*+&"n *nt*& !en$*&*n' (er"n (ere!(*"n $""! (r)+e+

(e!,"n'*n"n !e"*% (en%n'&"t"n (en$%$%&"n (e""n"n &e+e#"t"n "&+e+ ("$"

("+"r ten"'" &er" $"n !en$*&*n' (er"n (ere!(*"n $% ,%$"n' (ert"n%"n.

K)n(eren+% &et%'" $% N"%r),% t"#*n 189> $en'"n te!" E!ualit"# Defelopment and

Peace. H"+%n" "$""# $airo%i &orward 'ooing trategies for the "ear *+++.

$""! $)&*!en ter+e,*t !"+%# !en)r)t% "&t" ,"#" !"+%# ter$"("t

&et%$"&+et"r""n "nt"r" "&%-"&% $"n (ere!(*"n ter*t"!" $% ne'"r" ,er&e!,"n' $"n

&e!%+&%n"n !"++" povert" mass3 $"n &eter,e"&"n'"n "n' $%#"$"(% +e,"'%"n ,e+"r

(ere!(*"n $% $*n%". D%%$ent%%&"+% ,"#" ,gender differences- !er*("&"n "&t)r

"n' !ene,",&"n ter"$%n" $%+&r%!%n"+% "nt"r" "&%-"&% $"n (ere!(*"n An%

S)et%(t) $""! P)er"n$"r% Pen.3 20007 ?93

K)neren+% Intern"+%)n" &ee!("t tent"n' (ere!(*"n $% Be%%n' t"#*n 188>. H"+%

&)neren+% %ntern"+%)n" &ee!("t $% Be%%n' "$""# (ene'"+"n +e5"r" ')," !en'en"%

(er"n +entr" $"r% HAM *nt*& (er*"n'"n &e "r"# (er+"!""n/&e+et"r""n

'en$er. Platfform for Action $"n 12 Areas of concer "n' !en"$% &e+e("&"t"n

"$""#7

13 Pere!(*"n $"n &e!%+&%n"n

23 Pere!(*"n $"n (en$%$%&"n +ert" (e"t%#"n

;3 Pere!(*"n $"n &e+e#"t"n

43 Ke&er"+"n ter#"$"( (ere!(*"n

>3 Pere!(*"n $""! &)n%& ,er+en"t"

?3 Ket%!("n'"n e&)n)!%

@3 Pere!(*"n $"n P)%t%& $"n Pen'"!,%"n Ke(*t*+"n

93 HAM (ere!(*"n

83 Me&"n%+!e %n+t%t*+%)n"

103 Pere!(*"n $""! Me$%"

113 Pere!(*"n $"n %n'&*n'"n #%$*(

123 H"& "n"& (ere!(*"n S*r" D#"r!" 200?7 283

Se!*" #"+% &e+e("&"t"n ter+e,*t !en5er!%n&"n (en'*"t"n &e!,"% (r%n+%( "n'

te"# ter5"nt*! $""! &)nen+% (ere!(*"n $"n ,er,"'"% (er"n%"n "n' "$" tent"n'

#"& "+"+% !"n*+%".

S"!("% +""t %n% !"+%# +e$%&%t +e&"% "t*r"n "t"* &e,%"&"n "n' $%&e*"r&"n *nt*&

!e"&+"n"&"n &)nen+% (ere!(*"n %t* "t"* (*n !ere%+% UU $"n (er"t*r"n "n'


8/15

,ertent"n'"n $en'"n (r%n+%( "n' ter&"n$*n' $% $""! &)nen+%. M%+"n" 7 UU

Per&"%n"n N).1/18@4 &etent*"n "&%-"&% +e,"'"% &e("" &e*"r'" $"n %+ter% %,*

r*!"# t"n''". KUHPer$"t" P"+" 10? "n' !enent*&"n ,"#" %+tr% #"r*+ t*n$*&

("t*# ("$" +*"!%. K"!*$%"n $%tent*&"n &e!,"% $""! SE Menn"&er N). @/1880

tent"n' *("# $% !"n" ,*r*# (ere!(*"n $%tent*&"n ,er+t"t*+ ""n' +*n''*#(*n

&en"t""nn" +*$"# ,er&e*"r'". Ketent*"n-&etent*"n ter+e,*t te"# !ene,",&"n

(ere!(*"n ter+*,)r$%n"+% ter#"$"( "&%-"&% A'ne+ %$"nt% 200>7 1?83

• e$"7 K)nen+% Ter#"$"( Pen'#"(*+"n Se'"" Bent*& D%+&r%!%n"+% Ter#"$"(

Pere!(*"n.

P"$" %nt%n" #"+% &)neren+% ter+e,*t !e!(er*"n'&"n #"&-#"& "+"+% (ere!(*"n

$""! &e,er"$""nn" +e,"'"% "r'" ,"n'+" *nt*& !e!(er)e# &e+et"r""n "nt"r"

"&%-"&% $"n (ere!(*"n $""! ,er,"'"% ,%$"n' (e!,"n'*n"n. Te"# $%"&*% ,er+"!"

,"#" &e$*$*&"n (ere!(*"n ("$" $"+""r+" ter"%r %n% te"# !en'""!%

&e!"*"n ("$" ,e,er"(" +e'% &e#%$*("n n"!*n &e!"*"n ter+e,*t !"+%# ,e*!

!er"t" (e!,e$""n "nt"r" "&%-"&% $"n (ere!(*"n !"+%# tet"( ,ert"#"n= $"n &en$""

*t"!" tet"( "$" "n' ,er$"!("& !e!,"#""&"n &e+e"#ter""n ,"n'+"-,"n'+" $%

$*n%".

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+%"t "&%-"&% $"n (ere!(*"n +ert" t**"n $"n (r%n+%(-(r%n+%( "%nn" "n' $%!*"t

$""! P%"'"! Per+er%&"t"n B"n'+"-,"n'+" +""# +"t*n" "$""# K)nen+% tent"n'

Se'"" Bent*& D%+&r%!%n"+% Ter#"$"( Pere!(*"n Convention on the Elimination of

All &orms of Disrimination Against omen/CEDA)

D%+&r%!%n"+% (ere!(*"n $%$e%n%+%&"n +et%"( (e!,e$""n (en'*5%"n "t"* (e!,"t"+"n

"n' $%,*"t "t"+ $"+"r en%+ &e"!%n "n' !e!(*n"% (en'"r*# "t"* t**"n *nt*&

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,*$"" +%(% "t"* "("(*n "%nn" )e# &"*! (ere!(*"n tere("+ $"r% +t"t*+

(er&"%n"n !ere&" "t"+ $"+"r (er+"!""n "&%-"&% $"n (ere!(*"n.

• Pen'#)r!"t"n $"n Per%n$*n'"n "t"+ HAM Pere!(*"n +e,"'"% Pr"+"r"t At"+%

Pr),e! Ke+e#"t"n Pere!(*"n

Pen%n'&"t"n HAM (ere!(*"n !er*("&"n (r"+"r"t "n' t%$"& ,%+" $%t""r-t""r

*nt*& !en'"nt%+%("+% (er+)""n &e+e#"t"n (ere!(*"n. Men%n'&"t&"n

(en'#"r'""n/(en'#)r!"t"n +ert" (en'"&*"n "&"n #"&-#"& "+"+% !"n*+%" (ere!(*"n

!er*("&"n #" "n' &r*+%" $"n (r"+"r"t ,"'% (e!en*#"n &e+e#"t"n (ere!(*"n.


9/15

Ter*t"!" !en'e!,"%&"n &"("+%t"+ (ere!(*"n *nt*& !en%&!"t% #"&-#"&

*n$"!ent"n" +e,"'"% !"n*+%" "n' )t)n)! $"n !e!%%&% &)ntr) (en*# "t"+

%nte'r%t"+ t*,*#/+e&+*"%t"+n".

Y"&n% ,"'"%!"n" (ere!(*"n ter,e,"+ $"r% &e#"!%"n "n' t%$"& $%%n'%n&"n $en'"n

!en%n'&"t&"n #"&-#"& (ere!(*"n "t"+ )t)n)!% t*,*#n". B"'"%!"n" ter#%n$"r $"r%

(en"&%t IMS/ISR ter!"+*& $"r% HIV/AIDS3 $"n "n5"!"n &e!"t%"n. B"'"%!"n"

(ere!(*"n ter,e,"+ $"r% &e&er"+"n ter!"+*& #*,*n'"n +e&+*" #"& *nt*& !en%&!"t%

#*,*n'"n +e&+*" "n' "!"n +"e3 ter%n$*n'% (r)te5te$3 $"n $%&e#en$"&%

"nte$3.

D""! K)neren+% Pere!(*"n +e$*n%" ("$" t"#*n 1888 $%te'"+&"n &e!,"% ,"#"

H"&-#"& "+"+% (ere!(*"n "$""# F!en5"&*( #"& (ere!(*"n *nt*& !e!%%&% &)ntr)

$"n &e(*t*+"n +e5"r" ,e,"+ $"n ,ert"n''*n'"", "t"+ (er+)""n-(er+)""n

,er&en""n $en'"n +e&+*"%t"+ !ere&" ter!"+*& &e+e#"t"n re(r)$*&+% $"n +e&+*"

,e,"+ $"r% ("&+""n $%+&r%!%n"+% $"n &e&er"+"n. Re"+% "n' +"!" "nt"r" "&%-"&% $"n

(ere!(*"n ,er&en""n $en'"n #*,*n'"n +e&+*" $"n re(r)$*&+% (en'#"r'""n $"n

(er+et**"n "n' +"!" $"n +"%n' ,ert"n''*n'"", ter#"$"( (er%"&* +e&+*" +ert"

&)n+e&*en+%-&)n+e&*en+%n" De&"r"+% Be%%n' P"t)r! 6)r A5t%)n 18883

Be'%t*(*n $""! K)nen+% PBB tent"n' Pen'#"(*+"n Se'"" Bent*& D%+&r%!%n"+%

ter#"$"( Pere!(*"n EDA3 "n' te"# $%r"t%%&"+% )e# Pe!er%nt"# In$)ne+%"

!e"*% UU N).@ "#*n 1894. B"#" FD%+&r%!%n"+% ter#"$"( (ere!(*"n "$""# +et%"(

(e!,e$""n (e'*5%"n(e!,"t"+"n "n' !e!(*n"% t**"n "t"* (en'"r*# "n' "&"n

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,"'%/)e# (ere!(*"n tere("+ $"r% +t"t*+ (er&"%n"nn". P"+" 13.

Un$"n'-*n$"n' Ke+e#"t"n n)!)r 2; t"#*n 1882 !e!%%&% ,"n"& &e&*r"n'"n

$%$""!n". DPR (*n !e!,"#"+ (er*,"#"n "n' $%*r"%&"n $""! R"n5"n'"n

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,e*! !e!en*#% #"& &e+e#"t"n $"n #"& re(r)$*&+% (ere!(*"n.

P"+" 1> ""t 1 UU N). 2; t"#*n 1882 ,er%+% +e,"'"% ,er%&*t.

F13 D""! &e"$""n $"r*r"t +e,"'"% *("" *nt*& !ene"!"t&"n %" %,* #"!% $"n

"t"* "n%nn" $"("t $%"&*&"n t%n$"&"n !e$%+ tertent*=

23 T%n$"&"n !e$%+ tertent* +,'!n $%!"&+*$ $! ""t 1 #"n" $"("t $%"&*&"n7

,er$"+"r&"n %n$%&"+% !e$%+ "n' !en'#"r*+&"n $%"!,%n" t%n$"&"n ter+e,*t

)e# ten"'" &e+e#"t"n "n' !e!(*n"% &e"#%"n &een"n'"n *t& %t* $"n

$%"&*&"n +e+*"% $en'"n t"n''*n'"", (r)e+% $"n ,er$"+"r&"n (ert%!,"n'"n t%!


10/15

"#%

("$" +"r"n" &e+e#"t"n tertent*

;3 Ketent*"n e,%# "n*t !en'en"% t%n$"&"n !e$%+ tertent* $%tet"(&"n $en'"n PP.

Se!ent"r" %t* (ene"+"n "&"n UU Ke+e#"t"n N). 2; t"#*n 1882 ("+" 1> +e,"'"%

,er%&*t.

,Tindaan medis dalam %entu pengguguran andungan dengan alasan apapun

dilarang arena %ertentangan dengan norma huum# norma agama# norma

esusilaan# dan norma esopanan. $amun# dalam eadaan darurat se%agai upa"a

men"elamatan iwa i%u dan atau anin "ang diandungn"a# dapat diam%il tindaan

medis tertentu.-

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!e"&*&"n t%n$"&"n ",)r+%. Ke#"!%"n (ere!(*"n #"r*+ r*+"& $** *nt*& !en$"("t

(e""n"n t%n$"&"n ",)r+% "n' e'". Oe# &"ren" %t* ,"n"& (ere!(*"n "n'

!er*+"& &e#"!%"nn" $en'"n 5"r" "n' t%$"& "!"n +e,e*! !en$"("t post a%ortion

care $% r*!"# +"&%t. "r"n" 5en$er*n' !e!,"#""&"n &e+e#"t"n re(r)$*&+%

(ere!(*"n +e(ert% !en5))&-5))& $"n !en'%n"&-%n"& &"n$*n'"nn".

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MUI te"# !en'e*"r&"n "t!" !en'en"% t%n$"&"n ",)r+%. A,)r+% "n' $%%%n&"n

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11/15

&e+e#"t"n (ere!(*"n ter!"+*& &e+e#"t"n re(r)$*&+%. Tert*%+&"n ,"#" +et%"( )r"n'

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re!"" (en5e'"#"n $"n (en"n''*"n'"n IMS ter!"+*& HIV/AIDS +ert" &e+e#"t"n

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$""! UU N). 21 T"#*n 200@. U("" "!"n$e!en UU N). 1 T"#*n 18@4 ter*t"!"

*nt*& !en'#"(*+ &etent*"n +)" $)!e+t%&"+% (ere!(*"n ()%'"!% ,"t"+ *+%"

(er&"%n"n ,"'% "n"& (ere!(*"n. Sert" !en$)r)n' Re%+% UU Ke+e#"t"n $en'"n


12/15

!e!"+*&&"n ,", Ke+e#"t"n Re(r)$*&+% J$"n te"# $%+"#&"n ("$" t"n''" 14

Se(te!,er 2008 .

!mplementasi kebijakan Kesehatan Reproduksi dan Hak Kesehatan

Reproduksi di !ndonesia

Ke!"t%"n %,* $%(en'"r*#% )e# ,e,er"(" "&t)r !*"% $"r% (ene,", t%$"& "n'+*n'

$eter!%n"n "nt"r" $"n $eter!%n"n "*#3 $"n (ene,", "n'+*n'. Be,er"(" "&t)r

"n' ter!"+*& $""! $eter!%n"n "nt"r" "$""# t%n''%n" t)t" "t"%t r"te T6R3

+*%tn" %,* $""! !en$"("t&"n "&+e+ ter#"$"( ""n"n &e+e#"t"n $"n ren$"#n"

(er+"%n"n "n' $%t))n' )e# ten"'" &e+e#"t"n ter"t%#. Ter"!,"t !en'en"% t"n$"

,"#"" &"ren" t%$"& !en'et"#*% &e#"!%"nn" $""! r%+%&) "n' 5*&*( t%n''%

ter"!,"t !en5"("% "+%%t"+ *nt*& (er+"%n"n $"n ter"!,"t *nt*& !en$"("t&"n

(e""n"n *'" !en"$% (ene,", AKI +e5"r" t%$"& "n'+*n' De(&e+ 20023.

Se$"n'&"n (ene%t%"n E&)"t% 20093 !ene,*t&"n ,"#" "&t)r "n' $"("t !en"$%

(ene,", "n'+*n' ("$" &e!"t%"n %,* "$""# (er$"r"#"n %ne&+% e&"!(+% ",)rt*+

"n' t%$"& "!"n. S"e !)t#er#))$ !er*("&"n *("" (e!er%nt"# *nt*& !en*r*n&"n

"n'&" &e!"t%"n %,* +ert" !en%n'&"t&"n $er""t &e+e#"t"n %,*. Ger"&"n %n% (ert"!"

&"% $%5"n"n'&"n ("$" International Conference on afe 0otherhood N"%r),%189@.

Pr)'r"! %n% +en$%r% !*"% $%"&+"n"&"n $% In$)ne+%" t"#*n 1899 $en'"n !e%,"t&"n

+e5"r" "&t% ,er,"'"% +e&t)r (e!er%nt"# $"n n)n-(e!er%nt"# !"+"r"&"t +ert"

$*&*n'"n $"r% ,er,"'"% ,"$"n %ntern"+%)n" . E!("t (%"r S"e M)t#er#))$ 7

1 KB $"("t !en*r*n&"n AKI &"ren" $"("t !eren5"n"&"n "&t* "n' te("t *nt*&

#"!%!en'"t*r "r"& &e#"!%"n !enent*&"n *!"# "n"&. Se#%n''" t%$"&

"$" &e#"!%"n "n' t%$"& $%%n'%n&"n F4 ter"* "%t* ter"* !*$" ter"*

t*" ter"* +er%n' #"!% $"n ter"* ,"n"& "n"&.

2 Pe""n"n "nten"t" t**"n (e""n"n "nten"t" "$""# *nt*& !en5e'"# "$"n"

&)!(%&"+% ),+tetr% !en$ete&+% &)!(%&"+% +e$%n% !*n'&%n $"n (en"n'"n"n

+e5"r" !e!"$"% $"n (r)e+%)n"Per+"%n"n "n' ,er+%# $"n "!"n !e!%%&%

t**"n !e!"+t%&"n +et%"( (en))n' &e"#%r"n/(er+"%n"n !e!(*n"%

&e!"!(*"n &etr"!(%"n $"n ""t *nt*& !e!,er%&"n (ert))n'"n "n' ,er+%#

$"n "!"n +ert" !e!,er%&"n (e""n"n n%"+ ("$" %,* $"n ,"%.

; Pe""n"n ),+tetr% e+en+%" !e!"+t%&"n ,"#" te!("t (e""n"n &e+e#"t"n $"("t

!e!,er%&"n (e""n"n ),+tetr% *nt*& r%+%&) t%n''% $"n &)!(%&"+% ter+e$%"

,"'% %,* #"!% "n' !e!,*t*#&"n. N"!*n $e!%&%"n #"+% (e"&+"n""n

(r)'r"! +"e !)t#er#))$ ,e*! +e(ert% "n' $%#"r"(&"n. H" ter+e,*t


13/15

$%t*n*&&"n $en'"n AKI "n' !"+%# re"t% t%n''% $"n ,e*! !"!(*

!en5"("% t"r'et (en*r*n"n +e,e+"r 22>/100.000 &e"#%r"n #%$*( Pr"(t)

20093.De("rte!en &e+e#"t"n 20003 te"# !en*+*n ren5"n" +tr"te'%+

Ren+tr"3 "n'&" ("n"n' +e,"'"% *("" *nt*& !en*r*n&"n "n'&" &e!"t%"n

%,* $"n &e!"t%"n ,"% ,"r* "#%r. D""! Ren+tr" &e+e#"t"n $%)&*+&"n ("$"

*("" "n' $%,"n'*n "t"+ $"+"r +%+te! &e+e#"t"n "n' !"nt"( *nt*&

!en"!%n (e"&+"n""n &e'%"t"n $en'"n ,%"" "n' ee&t% ,er$"+"r&"n ,*&t%

%!%"# "n' $%&en" $en'"n FM"&%n' Pre'n"n5 S"er MPS3. T%'" (e+"n

&*n5% MPS %t* "$""# 713 Set%"( (er+"%n"n $%t))n' )e# ten"'" &e+e#"t"n

ter"t%# 23 Set%"( &)!(%&"+% ),+tetr% $"n ne)n"t" !en$"("t (e""n"n "n'

"$e&*"t "&+e+ ter#"$"( (en5e'"#"n &e#"!%"n "n' ,ere+%&) ;3 Set%"( "n%t"

*+%" +*,*r !e!(*n"% #"& "t"+ &e#"!%"n "n' t%$"& $%%n'%n&"n $"n

(en"n'"n"n &)!(%&"+% &e'*'*r"n. T"r'et MPS "n' $%#"r"(&"n $"("t

$%5"("% ("$" t"#*n 2010 "$""# "n'&" &e!"t%"n %,* !en"$% 12>/100.000

&e"#%r"n #%$*( $"n "n'&" &e!"t%"n ,"% ,"r*"#%r !en"$% 1>/1000 &e"#%r"n

#%$*(. D""! &er"n'&" %n%"# De("rte!en Ke+e#"t"n ,er+"!" Pr)'r"!

M"tern" Ne)n"t" He"t# MNH3 +e"& t"#*n 1888 !en'e!,"n'&"n

,er,"'"% (en$e&"t"n ,"r* *nt*& !e!,"nt* !e!(er,"%&% &)n$%+% &e+e#"t"n

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200?3.

H"& re(r)$*&+% $%"!%n !e"*% +er"n'&"%"n &)nen+% Intern"+%)n" $% !"n"

In$)ne+%" *'" ter%,"t $% $""!n" $%"nt"r"n" r"t%%&"+% EDA !e"*% UU

N)!)r @ t"#*n 1894 tent"n' %%n (er&"%n"n *+%" !%n%!*! (er&"%n"n $"n

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18843 +e$"n'&"n $""! Be%%n' ("t)r! *nt*& !e%#"t (er&e!,"n'"n %+*

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(er"t*r"n "n' e,%# te'"+ "n' ,%+" !en"!%n (ere!(*"n *nt*& !en$"("t&"n #"&

re(r)$*&+%n" +e5"r" n"t". M"&" $"r% %t* UU N) 2; t"#*n 1882 tent"n' &e+e#"t"n

#"r*+ $%t%n"* *"n' "'"r #"& re(r)$*&+% (ere!(*"n ,%+" ter5"&*( $% $""!n"

S*+%"n% 20093.

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&e,%"&"n *nt*& !en$)r)n' (e"&+"n""n (r)'r"! &e+e#"t"n re(r)$*&+% $""!


14/15

&)nte&+ #"&-#"& re(r)$*&+%. A$"(*n $"+"r (ert%!,"n'"n $""! !e"&*&"n ,er,"'"%

(er*,"#"n $%!"&+*$ "$""# &eter%&"t"n $en'"n &e+e("&"t"n %ntern"+%)n"

(er&e!,"n'"n te&n))'% &)!*n%&"+% ,"%& re'%)n" n"+%)n" !"*(*n '),"

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re(r)$*&+% "n' "%n. Unt*& !en'"nt%+%("+% &)n$%+% ter+e,*t $% "t"+ te"#

$%&e!,"n'&"n ,er,"'"% &e,%"&"n $"n +tr"te'% !e"*% (er*,"#"n !en$"+"r $""!

&er"n'&" (%&%r &e+e#"t"n re(r)$*&+% De(&e+ 20023. H"+% (ene%t%"n A+"n 200@3

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!en'"t"+% !"+""# &e+e#"t"n re(r)$*&+% "%t* '"'"+"n &e+e#"t"n re(r)$*&+% $"n #"&-

#"& re(r)$*&+% "n' +e,en"rn" !er*("&"n &r%+t"%+"+% $"r% &eter("$*"n (r)'r"!

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!)t#er#))$. Per*,"#"n !en$"+"r ,er%&*tn" "$""# +%&"( $""! &e#%$*("n

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"&%,"tn" ter#"$"( *n'+% $"n (r)+e+ re(r)$*&+% $""! &e#%$*("n ,er&e*"r'" $"n

(en"$"r"n ,"#" (en%n'&"t"n (e""n"n &e+e#"t"n re(r)$*&+% $"n #"&-#"&

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ter5"("%n" t**"n *t"!" &e+e#"t"n re(r)$*&+% $"n #"&-#"& re(r)$*&+% "%t* (r)!)+%

#"& re(r)$*&+% $""! r"n'&" !e!(er)e# $er""t &e+e#"t"n re(r)$*&+% $"n #"&-#"&

re(r)$*&+% +e5"r" !e!"$"% Me*t%" 20093.

K"#!MP$L%&

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15/15

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De("rte!en Ke+e#"t"n.

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