abu bakar baginda substation

8/8/2019 Abu Bakar Baginda Substation

1/24

EET 3086 SWITCHGEAR AND PROTECTION 1

ABU BAKAR BAGINDA

Substation


2/24

2

LIOW SER KHENG 1021179395

LIM WEI LIANG 1021125410 SIOW JATSHERN 1021115960

TAN CHEE SIANG 1021115778


3/24

3

ABU BAKAR BAGINDA

Substation

132kV substation

Step down voltage to 33kV & 11kV and

distribute to consumer.

Getting generation supply from Serdang.

In all TNB substation, the 3 phase system isindicate by red, yellow, blue colour code.


4/24

4

Substation Equipment

Bus bar

Generator

Transformer

Circuit Breaker

Isolator

Lightning arrester

Current transformer

Power transformer


5/24

5

Bus Bar

This substation having 2 three phase bus bar which

are main bus bar and reserve bus bar.

The both bus bar are live.

The maintenance of the bus bar are done every four

years.

During maintenance one bus bar is shut down and

all the load switch to one bus bar only.

The bus bar rating that used in the substation is

3000A, 132kV.


6/24

6


7/24

7

Surge/ Lightning Arrester

The one we see in the substation is valve-typelightning arrester.

It work as an insulator at normal system voltage but

it become a good conductor of low resistance to limitlightning voltage to a value lower than the basicimpulse level of the equipment being protected. Itre-establishes itself as an insulator after thedischarge of the surge current.

The rating for the lightning arrester is 20kA.


8/24

8


9/24

9

Circuit Breaker

The one we see in the substation is sulphur

hexafluoride (SF6).

It only occupied small space. The circuit breaker rating for this substation is

1600A.

There is one coupler circuit breaker in this

substation and its rating is 3000A.


10/24

10


11/24

11

Transformer

The transformer step down the 132kV to 33kV and11kV.

The transformer for stepping down 132kV to 33kV iswye-delta connected so it have a earthing

transformer. The transformer for stepping down 132kV to 11kV is

wye-wye connected so it no need the earthingtransformer.

The earthing transformer is the supply to the controlroom.

The rating for the 132/33kV transformer is 90MVAand the 132/11kV is 30 MVA.


12/24

12

132KV to 33KV

132KV to 11KV


13/24

13

Current Transformer

The current Transformer that we see in the

substation is oil-filled type.

The size is bigger than the circuit breakerwhich use the SF6 as the insulation.

The current transformer ratio is 1600:1.


14/24

14


15/24

15

Voltage/ Potential Transformer

Voltage transformers are used to reduce the

system voltage to levels low enough to suit

the ratings of the protective relays. The rating of the voltage transformer used in

this substation is 132kV:110V


16/24

16


17/24

17

Isolator/ Disconnector

Isolator is used to isolate the fault section.

It only can be open after the circuit breaker is

trips. If the isolator is open before the circuit

breaker is trip, it may cause fire in the

substation.


18/24

18


19/24

19

Control Room

The control of the substation is done in this room.

The supply of the control room is come from theearthing transformer.

In the control room is consist many type of relaywhich used for the protection.

All the relay being used in this substation isnumerical relay.

The phase to ground fault is the most common faultin this substation.


20/24

20


21/24

21

Transformer Protection

The transformer is control by the remote tap

changing control panel which is automated.

The transformer is protected using the transformer

differential protection scheme.

The back-up protection for the transformer is over

current protection scheme.

Since the primary protection is unit protection so the

back-up protection cannot be unit protection.


22/24

22

Bus Bar Protection

The bus bar is being protected using the current

differential protection scheme.

Current differential is the unit protection which will

only detect the internal fault.

The current transformer ratio have to be choose

properly to avoid undesired trip due to the CT

saturation when there is the external fault.

The back-up protection is over current protection

scheme.


23/24

23

Transmission Line Protection

The transmission line is being protected

using distance protection.

MHO relay is used for the distanceprotection.

Current transformer and voltage transformer

are needed in this protection scheme in order

to measured the impedance of the line.


24/24

24

Circuit Breaker Tripping

For 132kV and below, 3-pole tripping method is inused and for above 132kV the single pole trippingmethod is in used.

This substation is using the 3-pole tripping method. This mean all 3 phase will be tripped during the

fault.

For 3-pole tripping it only need a circuit breaker but

for single pole tripping it need 3 circuit breakerbecause it need each for one phase.

abu bakar baginda substation

Documents