teknik memahami bacaan

8/22/2019 Teknik Memahami Bacaan

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An Introduction to Textbooks:

Sport and Physical Education


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Some common reading myths

Read every word

One reading is sufficient

Don't skip passages Machines improve speed

A faster rate means less comprehension


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SQ3R Method for Thorough Study

SSurvey

QQuestions

RRead RRecall*

RReading

*) more time should be spent on recall than reading


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Survey

Look over material critically

Skim through the book and read topical

and subtopical headings and sentences

Read the summaries at the end of

chapters and books

Try to anticipate what the author is goingto sayWRITE the notes on paper, in sequence; then look over the notes to get

an overall idea or picture. This will enable you to see where you are

going


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Questions

Instead of reading paragraph headings

such as "Basic Concepts of Reading,"

change to read, "What are the Basic

Concepts of Reading?" These questionswill become "hooks" on which to hang the

reading material

WRITE these questions out; look over the questions to

see the emphasis and direction; then attempt to give

plausible answers before further reading


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Read

Read with smoothness and alertness to

answer the questions

Use all the techniques and principles

WRITE notes, in your own words, under each

question. Take a minimum number of notes-use

these notes as a skeleton


7/13

Recall

Without looking at your book or notes,

mentally visualize and sketch, in your own

words, the high points of the material

immediately upon completing the reading

Why?: This forces you to check understanding

This channels the material into a natural and usable form

This points up what you do not understand

This forces you to think


8/13

Review

Look at your questions, answers, notes

and book to see how well you did recall

Observe carefully the points stated

incorrectly or omitted

Fix carefully in mind the logical sequence

of the entire idea, concepts, or problem

Finish up with a mental picture of the

WHOLE


9/13

Steps to Follow in Skimming

for the Main Ideas


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First action

Read the title of the chapter or selection

carefully. Determine what clues it gives you

as to what the selection is about. Watch for

key words like "causes," "results," "effects,"etc., and do not overlook signal words such

as those suggesting controversy (e.g.

"versus," "pros and cons"), which indicatethat the author is planning to present both

sides of an argument.


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Secondly

Look carefully at the headings and other

organizational clues

These tip you off to the main points that the

author wants you to learn You may be accustomed to overlooking boldface

headings and titles which are the obvious clues

to the most important ideas

If you concentrate on the details and ignore the

main ideas, you will have much more difficulty

retaining the information you read


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Remember that authors of college textbooks

want you to recognize the important

concepts. They use:

Major headings and subheadings to convey

major points

Italicized words and phrases so that crucial newterms and definitions will stand out

Lists of points set off by numbers or paragraphs

that begin with the phrases such as "The threemost important factors . . . " etc


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Redundancy or repetition. By stating and

restating the facts and ideas, the author ensuresthat you will be exposed in different ways to the

concepts she feels are the most crucial for you

to understand. She hopes that on at least one of

these exposures you will absorb the idea.Therefore, it is vital that you recognize when an

important concept is being restated in slightly

different words and when you have completely

mastered the idea

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