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NAIBSEL IRID ISASILAUTKA

IRAT ADAP SUSAK IDUTS

ISPIRKS

nakujaiD M kutnu ihuneme tarayS utaS halaS

nakididneP anajraS raleG heloremeM gnilesnoK nad nagnibmiB idutS margorP

:helo nususiD

amanruP hadnI .gA 320411170 :MIN

NAGNIBMIB IDUTS MARGORP GNILESNOK NAD

NAKIDIDNEP UMLI NASURUJ

NAKIDIDNEP UMLI NAD NAURUGEK SATLUKAF

AMRAHD ATANAS SATISREVINU

2102



ISPIRKS



:helo nususiD






2102



ISPIRKS



:helo nususiD






2102

PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJIPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

i

ISASILAUTKA IRID NAIBSEL


ISPIRKS



:helo nususiD


GNILESNOK NAD NAGNIBMIB IDUTS MARGORP


SATLUKAF NAKIDIDNEP UMLI NAD NAURUGEK


2102

i



ISPIRKS



:helo nususiD






2102

i



ISPIRKS



:helo nususiD






2102


ii


iii


vi

ATAK LIUCES

UKA rawnA liriahC helO

ukutkaw iapmas ualaK

gnaroes kat uam uk‘ uyarem nak uak aguj kadiT

uti nades udes ulrep kaT

gnalaj gnatanib ini ukA gnaubret aynnalupmuk iraD

uktiluk submenem urulep raiB gnajrenem gnadarem patet ukA

iralreb awabuk asib nad akuL

iralreB irep hidep gnalih aggniH

kadit hibel naka uka aD iludrep

igal nuhat ubires pudih uam ukA

3491 teraM

:adapek nakhabmesrepuk ini ayraK


v

obmaM

AYRAK NAILSAEK NAATAYNREP

kadit ini silut ayas gnay ispirks awhab aynhuggnuses nagned nakataynem ayaS

ilaucek ,nial gnaro ayrak naigab uata ayrak taumem malad naktubesid halet gnay

.haimli ayrak aynkayal anamiagabes ,akatsup ratfad nad napituk

teraM 2 ,atrakaygoY 2102

siluneP

amanruP hadnI .gA


iv

NAUJUTESREP NAATAYNREP RABMEL KUTNU HAIMLI AYRAK ISAKILBUP KIMEDAKA NAGNITNEPEK

:amrahD atanaS satisrevinU awsisaham ayas ,ini hawab id nagnat adnatreb gnaY

amaN amanruP hadnI anitsugA :

awsisahaM romoN 320411170 :

imeD naakatsupreP adapek nakirebmem ayas ,nauhategnep umli nagnabmekrep

hD atanaS satisrevinU :ludujreb gnay ayas haimli ayrak amra

NAIBSEL ISASILAUTKA


ayas ,naikimed nagneD .)ada alib( nakulrepid gnay takgnarep atreseB

kutnu kah amrahD atanaS satisrevinU naakatsupreP adapek nakirebmem

idem kutneb malad nakhilagnem ,napmiynem kutneb malad aynalolegnem ,nial a

kutnu nial aidem uata tenretnI id aynnakisubirtsidnem ,atad nalakgnap

itlayor nakirebmem nupuata nizi atnimem ulrep apnat simedaka nagnitnepek

.silunep iagabes ayas aman nakmutnacnem patet amales ayas adapek

aikimed nagneD .aynranebes nagned taub ayas ini naataynrep n

atrakaygoY id taubiD

adaP teraM 2 2102

nakataynem gnaY

amanruP hadnI .gA


iiv

KARTSBA

GNAROES IRID ISASILAUTKA .2102 .amanruP hadnI anitsugA KB 1S ispirkS ,IRAT ADAP SUSAK IDUTS NAIBSEL :atrakaygoY

amrahD atanaS satisrevinU naadarebek ignakalebratalid ini naitileneP .naibsel gnaroes halada iraT

atam halebes gnadnapid hisam gnay naibsel takaraysam helo . ini naitileneP.iraT padahret susak iduts nakapurem

.aisunam pudih sesorp malad gnitnep nanarep ikilimem irid isasilautkA tapad ikilimid gnay isnetop nupuam isome alages padahret irid naisasilautkagneP

.ankamreb hibel aisunam pudih taubmem naibsel gnaroes iagabeS , T upmam iraagned aynirid nakisasilautkagnem nupuam isome kiab nahurulesek araces kiab n

.isnetop naktapadnem kutnu tubesret isnetop nakgnabmegnem ahasureb iraT .aynhiarid nigni gnay nitab nasaupek

tnemtaerT ay nagnibmib halada iraT susak ipadahgnem kutnu nakujaid gnep nad naarahilemep isgnuf agned .nagnabmegn tnemtaerT naknakenem hibel ini

.kiab hibel raga irid nakisaasilautkagnem malad iraT naupmamek gnatnettnemtaerT kalid gnay naku natakednep nakanuggnem nagned rotcaF tiarT .

nrirak lahirep iraT ipadahid gnay nahalasamrep kutnu kococ ini natakedneP ay gnaroes iagabes recnad .naibsel lauskes isatneiro nagned


iiiv

TCARTSBA

anitsugA NAIBSEL A FO NOITAZILAUTCA FLES .2102 .amanruP hadnI dna ecnadiuG fo repaP etaudarG ,IRAT FO YDUTS ESAC A ,LRIG

amrahD atanaS :atrakaygoY lesnuoC ytisrevinU fo noitcaer lacinyc si hcraeser siht fo dnuorgkcaB .lrig naibsel a si iraT

fo yduts esac a si hcraeser sihT .slrig naibsel fo ecnetsixe eht drawot yteicos eht .iraT

.efil namuh fo ssecorp eht ni elor tnatropmi syalp noitazilautca fleS erom efil s’enoemos ekam nac laitnetop ro noitome yna ot fleseno gnizilautcA yletelpmoc flesreh gnizilautca fo elbapac si iraT ,naibsel a gnieB .lufgninaem ot slaitnetop reh poleved ot seirt iraT .yllaitnetop dna yllanoitome htob llew

laedi reh yfsitas .noitcafsitas renni c htiw ecnadiug si esac s’iraT retnuocne ot tnemtaert desoporp ehT dna era

.snoitcnuf tnempoleved ni ecnetepmoc s’iraT sezitiroirp tnemtaert sihT si hcaorppa sihT .rotcaF tiarT si hcaorppa deilppa ehT .retteb flesreh gnizilautca

atius recnad a sa reerac reh htiw noitaler ni secaf iraT taht smelborp eht rof elb .noitatneiro lauxes naibsel htiw


xi

RATNAGNEP ATAK

adnuB nad ,sutsirK suseY ,asauK ahaM gnaY apaB hallA adapek rukuyS

ainurak nahapmil sata airaM - tapad silunep aggnihes ayN nakiaseleynem

eS iriD isasilautkA “ ludujreb gnay naitilenep adaP susaK idutS naibseL gnaro

tarays utas halas ihunemem kutnu nakukalid ini naitilenep nanusuyneP .”iraT

satlukaF gnilesnoK nad nagnibmiB idutS margorP anajraS raleg iapacnem

umlI nad naurugeK .nakididneP

iagabreb irad nagnibmib nad nautnab takreb dujuwret tapad ini ispirkS

:adapek hisak amiret nakpacugnem silunep ,uti anerak helO .kahip

nakirebmem halet gnay gnibmibmep ukales .iS .M ,yraH ahcnaparP .AT .srD .1

ispirks raga nagnorod nad nahara .iaseles ini

KB id nesod huruleS .2 silunep iduts sesorp amales hasik rikugnem halet gnay :

.jD .H .R .srD ,A .M ,.isP .dP .S ,iradnayteS .A ,iS .M ,itutsaH irS .M .M .rD

,taruniS JS ,onoyirT .rB S .M .SS . , suraB nodneG .rD ,A .M , .J .M .arD ,iS .M

P onteR suisarknaP .mR ,iS .M ,inayir kalO .

okoM ,tairaterkeS fatS .3 taileg ayntadap hagnet id irid gnaroes ajrekeb gnay

.KB idorp id sativitka

ay obmaM .4 gn id uktubmaynem ,igap pait het rikgnaces naktaubmem ulales

rah putunem nad ,gnalup uka paites utnip naped tamales nakpacugnem nagned i

.ukkutnu nahadusekreb kat aynhisaK .ramak utnip naped id malam

,inaivatkO .T .M .5 areges kutnu kubmac idajnem gnay ,ukkakak ,P

.ini ispirks nakiaseleynem


x

gnay irasitiT ytteD ubI .6 naigabes nakdujuwem nad isavitom nakirebmem

ipmim nikames gnay ukawij adap utaynem nad milbuynem naka uti aumeS .uk

.ipmim hiarem suah

kutnu tagnames hurules nad naualagek igabmem halet gnay iraT .7 ipadahgnem

.pudih aynsarek

.ufuF gnaroes iagabes hutu araces ukamirenem gnay ardnI saM .8

9 ay itnahT . ucapret uktaubmem aggnihes ”?umispirks eyiP “ aynatreb ulales gn

kutnu areges .amrahD atanaS id gnajnap pukuc gnay nanalajrep irihkagnem

01 nameT . - ukub malad bab aparebeb ipakgnelem gnay 7002 natakgna namet

hurules nagned uknapudihek .ametreb kat hasik

11 . kulhkam hurules kutnU nahuT itah kiab gnay gnay uknakraibmem iankamem

.adebreb isis irad pudih .nawak ,ribib gnuju id hisam ini muyneS

silunep numan anrupmes irad huaj hisam ini ispirks awhab iradaynem siluneP

igab taafnamreb tapad ini ispirks parahreb .nupapais

siluneP

amanruP hadnI .gA


ix

ISI RATFAD

LUDUJ NAMALAH i .....……………………………………………………

GNIBMIBMEP NAUJUTESREP NAMALAH ii …………………………

NAHASEGNEP NAMALAH iii ..……………………………………………

.…………………………………ATAK LIUCES vi …………………………

AYRAK NAILSAEK NAATAYNREP v .…………………………………

ISAKILBUP NAUJUTESREP RABMEL iv ………………………………

KARTSBA iiv …………………………………………………………………

TCARTSBA .……………………………………………………………… iiiv ..

RATNAGNEP ATAK ix ..……………………………………………………

ISI RATFAD x .....……………………………………………………………

RATFAD NARIPMAL iix ……………………………………………………

NAULUHADNEP I BAB 1 .…………………………………………………

1 ………………………………………………halasaM gnakaleB rataL .A

5 ..……………………………………………………halasaM nasumuR .B

………………………………………………………naitileneP naujuT .C 5

isinifeD .D 5 ...…………………………………………………lanoisarepO

6 ..……………………………………………………naitileneP taafnaM .E

BAB AKATSUP NAIJAK II ……………………………………………… 7

………………………………………………………iriD isasilautkA .A . 7

.1 7 ……………………………………iriD isasilautkA naitregneP

tafiS .2 - iriD isasilautkA tafis 01……………………………………


iix

21 ………………iriD nakisasilautkagneM gnay gnarO retkaraK .3

.B 41 ........................…………………………………………lauskesomoH

41 ..……………………………………lauskesomoH naitregneP .1

51 .………………………lauskesomoH ihuragnemeM gnay laH .2

…………………………………naibseL .C 22 ……………………….……

22 ……………………………………………naibseL naitregneP .1

32 ...............................................................?utI naibseL hakapaiS .2

32 ..………………………………………naibseL lauskeS nareP .3

52 .……………………………………naibseL babeyneP rotkaF .4

iroeT .D gnilesnoK tiarT rotcaF ………………………………… … ...… 28

………rikipreB akgnareK .E …………………………………………… 92

43 .…………………………………NAITILENEP IGOLODOTEM III BAB

43 .………………………………………………………naitileneP sineJ .A

43 .…………………………………………………………ataD rebmuS .B

nalupmugneP edoteM .C 43 ..…………………………………………ataD

43 .…………………………………………………naitileneP nemurtsnI .D

53 ……………………………ataD nalupmugneP rudesorP nad edoteM .E

73 .…………………………………………………………ataD sisilanA .F

NASAHABMEP NAD NAITILENEP LISAH VI BAB ……………………… 04

kejbuS .A ……………………………………………………naitileneP . 04

B ..……………………………………………sisongorP nad sisongaiD . 85

.C tnemtaerT 06 .……………………………………………………………


iiix

UPMISEK V BAB 6 .………………………………………NARAS NAD NAL 2

miseK .A 26 ..…………………………………………………………nalup

S .B 36 …………………………………………………………………nara


1

I BAB

NAULUHADNEP

.A halasaM gnakaleB rataL

ubat gnay anacaw idajnem hisam ini asawed aggnih lauskesomoH

ragnednem akij agnilet putunem haloes takaraysaM .nagnalak kaynabid

id ada nikgnum lauskesomoh muak awhab naataynek .akerem ratikes

iagabreb nad ranimes iagabreb malad saluid kaynab hadus ini halasaM

gnatnet lanegnem nikames takaraysam raga nupilakes haimli halajam

nraw lanegnem ulrep nup atik awhab ,lauskesomoh napudihek niales nial a

anerak hitup nad matih uba anraw - niamreb nup uba kepsa paites malad

.napudihek nagned amas lauskesomoh napudihek aynrasad adaP

sinej ikilimem imalagnem gnay kejbus aynah adebreb gnay ,lauskesoreteh

.amas nimalek rikipreb upmam gnay kulhkam iagabes atpicret aisunaM

)neipas omoh( laisos kulhkam , icos omoh( )suo ayacrep gnay kulhkam nad ,

asE ahaM gnaY nahuT adap )suogiler omoh( iagabes aguj sugilakes

,aynnataubrep nad ukalirep alages malad kinU .kinu gnay kulhkam

,utauses taubreb aisunam apa kutnu iskiderpid tilus gnadakret aggnihes

gnadak gnay - d tilus gnadak uata tahes gnay ralan nakrasadreb amireti

takaraysam naasaibek nad amron nagned iauses kadit akiJ .fitamron araces

naka akam aynmumu adap i ,kayalahk atamid hena tahilret utas halas halut

hakgnit utauS .aisunam napudihek malad nakinuek nakukalid gnay ukal

s ,lamron kadit uata lamron ,kiab kadit uata kiab nakatakid tapad gnaroese

gnaroeses isatneiro nakutnetid tagnas aynranebes tahes kadit uata tahes


2

.aynnapudihek malad yag muak natutnut nagned aynnatiak malad nakhaB

,nakisanimirksidid asarem gnay nahatniremeP submenem amabO kcaraB

fats 051 irad hibel nakarikrepiD .kaynabret naibsel uata yag fats roker

.sinej amases akuynep halada takireS akiremA nediserP

nad yaG keyorP nakujnuneP isutitsnI ,yag isasinagro haubeS

naibseL mem ,nediserP helo 1 irad hibel nakarikre halet naibsel nad yag 05

roines tabajep halada aynaratna id 421 nad ,amabO helo kujnutid

nad nega alapek iagabes ialum nakajrekepid akereM .nahatniremep

akgnA .roines fats nad nakajibek taubmep tabajep iapmas isimok atoggna

iuapmalem ini nilC lliB nediserP mem gnay not kajreke 041 kaynabes na

( naibsel nad yag moc.swenaviv.ainud//:ptth )

iskaretni adap ucagnem satilauskesomoH lauskes nad sitnamor

gnay idabirp aratna uata lanoisautis araces amas sinejreb

,aynnaanuggnep adaP .natujnalekreb tafis atak skesomoh nakanugid

kutnu mitni nagnubuh nad lauskes nagnubuh gnaro aratnaid - gnaro

irid isakifitnedignem kadit idaj asib gnay ,amas gnay nimalek sinejreb

kerem a agabes i ag y uata naibsel utaus iagabes ,satilauskesomoH .

nagned nakgnidnabid aynmumu adap ,lanegnep satilauskesoreteh nad

satilauskesib halitsI . yag nakgnades ,skesomoh airp halada l naibse

.skesomoh atinaw halada ikilimem hisam takaraysam aynmumu adaP

pmes nagnadnap gnaro aparebeb nahalam,lauskesomoh muak gnatnet ti

uti irad kapmaD .naawijek tikaynep halada lauskesomoh paggnagnem

.aynsutats salej kadit nad ,ayainaret ,nakriggnipret akerem nakidajnem


3

araces amas gnay nahutubek ikilimem aguj akerem aynrasad adaP

olokisp kadit lauskes isatneiro gnatnet naadebrep nad iukaid kutnu sig

.nakadebmem surah gnay rotkaf idajnem aynsurahes

gnilas gnay satilauskes gnatnet nagnadnap aud tapadreT

narikimep nakrasadnem gnay kopmolek aratna utiay nagnarebesreb

adap satilauskes gnatnet narila msilaisnese kopmolek nad laicos

.msinoitcurtsnoc kopmoleK msilaisnese sinej awhab inikayem

gnay lah iagabes lauskes satitnedi nad ,lauskes isatneiro ,nimalek

kopmoleK .nahaburep imalagnem tapad kadit aggnihes larutan tafisreb

awhab nagnadnapreb ini ej aud irad iridret aynah nimalek sin utiay sinej

ikal - nad :lauskesoreteh aynah lauskes isatneiro :naupmerep nad ikal

naupmerep( nimalek sinej nagned sarales surah redneg satitnedi -

ikal ,ninimef - ikal - id adareb gnay kopmolek nakbabeynem )niluksam

raul iam maertsn ( lamronba paggnaid tubesret )1991 ,ztluhcS

ikal muak aynmumU - akerem nasabebek nakumenem ikal

.aynsinej amases padahret atnic nakisasilautkagnem malad sapmaret

ikal gnaroes akiteK - nakukalem ikal tuo gnimoc nakumenem naka ai akam ,

natilusek - atilusek iagabes akerem ilebalem naka gnay takaraysam malad n

ikal - ,naupmerep muak nagned nakgnidnabid akiJ .icnab uata hamel ikal

ikal - kadit ikal kutnu akubret gnay kilbup gnaur ikilimem

labrev non nupuam labrev araces kiab akerem atnic nakisasilautkagnem

s adapek gnaroes akitek fisimrep pakisreb nup takaraysaM .sinej amase

ot nalipmanepreb nupuam ukalirepreb naupmerep iobm naadaek numaN .


4

,asawed aisu kajnignem akerem akitek amal gnusgnalreb naka kadit ini

ysaM .gnipmadnep apnat iridnes pudih hisam naupmerep gnaroes takara

aut nawarep utiay majek hibel gnay halitsi nagned akerem ilebalem naka

irid malad lauskesoreteh nanikgnumek gnadnamem hisam akerem anerak

icnab padahret adebreb gnay gnay pakiS .hakinem kadit gnay naupmerep

aysam isnarelot nakujnunem ini iobmot nad lauskesomoh padahret takar

)7991,mmorF hcirE( naupmerep

( sregoR turuneM malad nakisasilautkagnem aisunaM )3991,nivlaC

sirag turunem aynirid - akiteK .satidereh adap nakkatelid gnay sirag

nikam ai akam ,sigolokisp nagnatamek ikilimem halet aisunam

snerefidreb .nakisasilaisosret nikam nad ,monoto nikam ,saul nikam ,isai

tapad kadit ai akij aynirid nakisasilautkagnem tapad kadit gnaroeseS

.fiserger nad fisergorp ukal hakgnit arac aratna nakadebmem

isuloser nakhasnem BBP MAH nawed ,ssiwS ,1102 inuJ 71 ,tamuJ

asrep sabeb nakrihalid aisunam paites awhab nakataynem gnay kah naam

nad kah heloremem kutnu kahreb gnaro paites nad tajaredes nad

BBP isuloser halada ini isuloseR .nupapa isanimirksid apnat aynnasabebek

raggnalep usi takgnagnem kifiseps araces gnay amatrep gnay MAH na

TBGL 1102( .redneg satitnedi nad lauskes isatneiro nakrasadreb

.)aisenodnI gnay redneg satitnedi nad lauskes isatneiro nahilip utas halaS

nakapurem QITBGL .QITBGL halada ainud nad aisenodnI id satironim

gsnarT ,lauskesiB ,yaG ,naibseL irad natakgnis ,lauskessnarT/redne

hisam ini aratnemes mumu takaraysaM .reeuQ nad ,lauskesretnI


5

nataubrep halada ini ,akerem turuneM .QITBGL gnatnet ubat paggnagnem

races kiab gnapmiynem gnay .amaga nupuam ,laisos ,isidart a moT

ada naksilunem aynlanruj malad ffrotslleoB naupmerep‘ igab natubes

naikalek - ( ’naikal elamef - ot - srednegsart elam halitsi nagned lanekid gnay

iobmot ) lanekid amal ulalret muleb ini ibmot sativitkejbus sisiop ,

aguj anamiagabes yag nad ibsel paggnagnem ibmot nagnalak naiagabeS .

kusamret akerem irid bus malad - epit ibsel nial nagnalak aratnemes ,

salej asarem - awhab naknakenem ilakgnires ( uti itrepes nakub salej

ikal awijreb naupmerep‘ yobmot - airaw kaynab anamiagabes ’ikal

’naupmerep awijreb ikalel ‘ halada akerem awhab nakataynem

( )6002 ,igoloportnA

gnaroes anamiagab salugnem naka ini naitilenep uti anerak helO

nakisasilautkagnem upmam ,naibsel halada ini lah malad ,lauskesomoh

naibseL .adebreb lauskes isatneiro ikilimem gnay gnaroes iagabes aynirid

akerem anerak kiranem paggnaid isatneiro nakiynubmeynem tapad ripmah

namitniek awhab sata id naksalejid hadus gnay itrepeS .akerem lauskes

naadarebek uti akam kayalahk igab narajawek nakapurem atinaw ratna

.takaraysam helo muicret tilus akerem

halasaM nasumuR .B

isasilautka anamiagaB iraT iagabes naibsel gnaroes ?

naitileneP naujuT .C

M isasilautka nakispirksedne iraT iagabes gnaroes naibsel .


6

lanoisarepO isinifeD .D

isasilautkA : nad tafis nakgnabmegnem nagned iridnes irid idajnem sesorP

.kinu gnay aynkigolokisp isnetop

naibseL : naupmerep gnaroeS amases adap kiratret lanoisome araces gnay

.aynsinej

gnimoC tuO : P idabirp araces amirenem nad iradaynem gnaroeses sesor

,agraulek adapek tubesret aynlauskes isatneiro akubmem nad aynlauskes isatneiro

es nagnukgnil uata tabahas nad namet .ratik

naitileneP taafnaM .E

kejbuS igaB .1

pad ini naitilenep lisaH kejbus igab nataugnep nakidajid ta tapad kutnu

em hibel n isatneiro nagned hutu aisunam gnaroes iagabes irid nakisasilautkag

.naibsel lauskes

siluneP igaB .2

narajalebmep heloremem siluneP t kat gnay sesorpreb malad ialinre

akgnar malad isamrofni nailaggnep radekes nakuB .ini nasilunep nakukalem

irad hamkih kitemem tapad siluneP aguj numan ,rihka sagut naiaseleynep

hunep gnay napudihek P nakasawednem aggnihes natujek kutnu silune

ibel rikipreb .anaskajib h

gnilesnoK nad nagnibmiB umlI igaB .3

nad naibsel napudihek gnakaleb ratal ianegnem isamrofni irebmeM

ayakremem tapad aggnihes naibsel gnaroes irid naisasilautkagnep


7

natakednep nakumenem upmam nad naibsel napudihek gnatnet namahamep

gnay iparet .amas gnay nahalasamrep nakumenem alibapa tapet


8

II BAB

AKATSUP NAIJAK

.A iriD isasilautkA

.1 iriD isasilautkA naitregneP

nad iridnes irid idajnem sesorp halada irid isasilautka ,sregoR turuneM

megnem tafis nakgnab - isnetop nad tafis - .kinu gnay sigolokisp isnetop

helo nad namalagnep helo ignalahid uata utnabid naka irid isasilautkA

kanak asam malad aynsusuhk rajaleb – naka irid isasilautkA .kanak

iapacnem akiteK .gnaroeses pudih nagnabmekrep nagned nalajes habureb

neloda( utnetret aisu isasilautka naresegrep imalagnem naka gnaroeses )is

.sigolokisp ek sigoloisif irad irid truK ,aidnaloP irad nawumli gnaroeS

iagabes irid isasilautka nakisinifednem )3991 .yezdniL ;llaH( nietsloG

purem tubesret laH .aisunam tardok irad fitaerk nagnurednecek naka

hibel nagned gnabmekreb emsinagro nakbabeynem gnay kinagro pisnirp

utaus nakapurem irid isasilautka nupikseM .anrupmes hibel nad hunep

adebreb nakgnaujrepid gnay kifiseps naujut numan ,lasrevinu gnay alajeg

anerak nial gnay nagned utas gnay gnaro irad isnetop ikilimem gnaro pait

,laudividni nagnabmekrep hara nad naujut kutnebmem gnay adebreb

.adebreb aguj gnay ayadub nad ,nagnukgnil

gnaroeses halada irid nakisasilautkagnep malad gnukudnem gnay laH

.fitisop gnay irid pesnok ikilimem turunem irid pesnoK sregoR ,ztluhcS(

)1991 gnay namalagnep ianegnem ,patet gnay nitab naradasek halada

.uka nakub gnay irad uka nakadebmem nad uka nagned nagnubuhreb


9

K aud idajnem igabret ini irid pesno irid pesnok utiay iir irid pesnok nad l

ek hakapa nakkujnunem kutnU .laedi iauses tubesret irid pesnok aud uata

aud naklanegnem sregoR ,kadit utiay ,igal pesnok ecneurgnocnI nad

ecneurgnocnI .ecneurgnoC aratna nakocockaditek halada fles gnay

nauacakek nad nagnatnetrep iatresid lautka namalagnep malad nakasarid

nakgnadeS .nitab oC ecneurgn irid namalagnep anam id isautis itrareb

,hutu gnay irid pesnok haubes malad amaskes nagned nakpakgnuid

.itajes nad ,largetni

,natagnahek naka rasad nahutubek ikilimem aisunam paiteS

.nial gnaro irad atnic nad ,nagnugagnep ,naamirenep ,naagrahgnep

tubesid ini nahutubeK drager evitisop rof deen idajnem igal igabret gnay ,

aud utiay drager evitisop lanoitidnoc nad )taraysreb( lanoitidnocnu

drager evitisop .)taraysreb kat(

halada aynhunepes isgnufreb gnay idabirp nakrabmaggnem sregoR

agnem gnay idabirp aid itrareb inI .tarays apnat fitisop naagrahgnep imal

aggnihes aisunam iagabes iridnes irid aynada ialin anerak iatnicid ,iagrahid

nagned irid amirenem kutnu gnurednec numan fisnefed tafisreb kadit ai

.naayacrepek hunep

sgnufreb gnay gnaro sahk tafis amiL ( aynhunepes i namuh ylluf

gnieb :)

namalagnep adap naakubreteK .a

aumes amirenem gnay gnaro halada aynhunepes isgnufreb gnay gnarO

.urab ispesrep lubmit ulales aggnihes lebiskelf nagned namalagnep


01

ai naikimed nagneD kiab )lanoisome( isome kaynab imalagnem naka

.fitagen nupuam fitisop gnay

laisnetsiskE napudiheK .b

padahret akubret gnaro anamid laisnetsiske napudihek irad satilauK

nad ,urab gnay utauses nakumenem ulales ai aggnihes aynnamalagnep

ec nad habureb ulales sata nopser iagabes irid nakiauseynem gnuredn

.ayntujnales namalagnep

iridnes gnaro emsinagro padahret naayacrepeK .c

irid akubmem gnaroeses akitek pudih idajnem naka namalagneP

ai utigeb nagneD .iridnes uti namalagnep padahret ukal hakgnitreb naka

aggnihes )fitiutni nad akitekes lubmit( raneb aynasarid gnay apa turunem

tagnas nagned isautis utaus irad iges paites nakgnabmitremem tapad ai

.kiab

sabeB naasareP .d

nat nahilip utaus taubmem tapad sigolokisp araces tahes gnay gnarO ap

naaskap aynada – nagnatnir uata naaskap – fitanretla aratna nagnatnir

naasarep utaus ikilimem sabeb gnay gnarO .nakadnit nad narikip

asam awhab ayacrep nad napudihek ianegnem idabirp araces asaukreb

irep adap kadit ,iridnes aynirid adap gnutnagret naped asam id awits

malad nahilip kaynab tagnas tahilem tapad ai aggnihes uapmal

nigni gnay ajas apa nakukalem upmam asarem nad aynnapudihek

.aynnakukalid


11

e sativitaerK .

adapek naayacrepek nad namalagnep padahret irid naakubreteK

naka iridnes akerem emsinagro ikilimem kutnu gnaroeses gnorodnem

iric nagned sativitaerk – ,fisnefed kadit ,natnops ukal hakgnitreb iric

sulumits sata nopser iagabes gnabmekreb nad ,hubmutreb ,habureb -

.aynratikes id magar akenareb gnay napudihek sulumits

lret sregoR nagnadnap nahameleK atames gnay aynnaitahrep adap kate – atam

atres nahubmutrep kutnu nautnab adap nakub nad iridnes irid napudihek tahilem

isgnufreb gnay gnaro awhab nagnadnapreb sregoR .nial gnaro nagnabmekrep

p gnaroes nakub ,ainud irad tasup nakapurem aynkapmat aynhunepes napisitra

.)1991 ,ztluhcS( aynmalad id bawaj gnuggnatreb nad iskaretnireb gnay

araces snopser nakirebmem tapad surah gnaroeses awhab nasagag uti nialeS

kadit gnaro aumeS .amiretid tilus tagnas hisam aynratikes ainud padahret sitsilaer

eybus naksapelem asib kadit iridnes atik anerak ainud gnadnamem malad sativitk

.fitkeybo araces uti ainud uhat

kepsa nakiabagnem aguj sregoR – ukal hakgnit malad radas kadit kepsa

,naped asam nad gnarakes asam namalagnep adap tahilem hibel ai anerak aisunam

asam adap aynnakub kitamuart namalagnep nagned hunep aynasaib gnay uapmal

.sigolokisp tikaynep utaus imalagnem gnaroeses nakbabeynem gnay


21

tafiS .2 - iriD isasilautkA tafis

iagabes nakitraid )4991 ,yraH malad( wolsaM turunem isasilautkA

nad iggnit gnilap gnay nagnabmekrep atres ,isnetop ,takab aumes naanuggnep

.hunep araces satisapak nad satilauk aumes naanuggnep

tafiS - :tukireb iagabes halada sregoR turunem irid isasilautka tafis

irad lasareb itrareb inI .kigoloib atkaf halada irid isasilautka isnedneT .a

rotkaf iridnes uti emsinagro pesnoK .emsinagro hurules kigoloisif

paiteS .latnemadnuf gnilap gnay kigolokisp satilaer nakapurem

nahutuek nakuacagnem naka tubesret satilaer irad nagnapmiynep

.naidabirpek

ok nad isaisnerefid adap ujunem irid isasilautka isnedneT .b satiskelpm

kutneb iagabreb iapmas amatrep gnay licek les irad ialum ,iggnit gnay

.skelpmok hibel gnay pudih

gnay isnednet tapadret aynmalad id akij tahes nakatakid tapad aisunaM .c

nahilip magareb nad irid pesnok aratna isneurgnok adap nakratnagnem

kalirep idajnem utiay ,pudih naujut utas tapadret aynaH .tirknok gnay u

.aynhunepes irid nakdujuwem tapad nad hutu gnay aisunam

naktakgninem surenem suret halada tahes gnay emsinagro naujuT .d

atres ,nagnatnat ,nagnasgnar iracnem ulales aisunaM .urab nagnagetek

k surah aumes utI .aynnamalagnep ayakremem kutnu urab nanikgnume

.urab asaitnanes gnay sesorp iagabes imalaid


31

gnay namalagnep aumes ialinem tapad natnops araces emsinagro paiteS .e

namalagnep aumes iradnihgnem nad irid isasilautka nakgnabmegnem

ahgnem gnay .irid isasilautka tabm

irid nakutnenem nad rutagnem kutnu nataukek ikilimem aisunaM .f

kadit aggnihes uragnep iagabreb helo lortnokid nagneD .raul h

msinagro ,irid isasilautka e tapad aggnihes imonoto ikilimem

irid isasilautka naujuT .irid nakutnenem a halad irid nautnenep iapacnem

irad nagnutnagretek ignarugnem ahasureb nad nikgnum lamiskames

.satifitaerk naktakgninem atres ,raul

.namalagnep kacnup adap adareb kutnu aisunam nagnuredneceK .g

takgnit awhab itrareb kadit ini lakitrev gnay kacnumem isnedneT

awab nakgnabmekid urtsuj ipatet ajas utigeb nakiabaid kigoloib gnay h

ankam nakrakemem kutnu malad gnilap gnay aynisnetop malad - ankam

.lautirips

tauk gnay nanigniek ikilimem gnaro paites awhab ayacrep sinamuh golokisP

isnetop nakisasilaerem kutnu - malad isnetop natakgnit iapacnem kutnu ,aynirid

iskaereb aynah kadit aisunam awhab nakitkubmem kutnU .irid isasilautka

gnay utauses iapacnem kutnu ipat ,ayngnililekes id idajret gnay isautis padahret

,tahes gnay latnem naadaek nagned gnaroeses irajalemem wolsaM ,hibel

halasam nagned gnaroeses irajalemem gnidnabid natahesek ini laH .latnem

awhab nakrabmaggnem udividni "aynnamalagnep kacnup" imalagnem tapad urab

malaD .aynratikes nupuam aynirid nagned sarales tubesret aisunam taas

,wolsaM nagnadnap udividni autkagnem gnay ikilimem tapad ,aynirid nakisasil


41

isasilautkagnem gnaruk gnay aisunam gnidnabid namalagnep irad kacnup kaynab

.aynirid nad irid itaj naumenep uata nagnabmekrep halada isasilautka sesorP

nasilut malaD .madnepret gnay uata ada gnay isnetop aynrakem - ynnasilut gnay a

salej hibel gnay aynhalitsi nikgnum awhab naklusugnem wolsaM maladnem hibel

.”hunep araces iwaisunam idajnem“ halada

iriD nakisasilautkagneM upmaM gnay gnarO retkaraK .3

ihunemem lisahreb nad fitkudorp gnay takabreb gnaro aumes kadiT

et narabmag .irid isasilautka uata nagnatamek ,sigolokisp natahesek gnatn

iric nikgnuM - aisunam irad mumu gnilap nad lasrevinu gnilap iric - aisunam

pudih tahilem ,hinrej araces pudih tahilem akerem naupmamek halada ini roirepus

nigniek nakturunem nakub aynada apa araces pakisreb kadit akereM .akerem na

lisah padahret fitkeybo hibel pakisreb urtsuj ,lanoisome - .akerem natamagnep lisah

7991( wolsaM turuneM gnay idabirp halada irid isasilautkareb gnay idabirp )

uid ulal gnaY .uti nanigniek takgnit ihunemem hadus k gnatnet pakgn kitsiretkara

aro :tukireb iagabes ,irid nakisasilautkagnem tapad gnay gn

iridnes aynirid nad ainud tahilem aid :fitkefe gnay ispesreP .a

.aynranebes gnay uti aynirid nad ainud anamiagabes

atres asarem nad iridnes aynirid idajnem aid rujuj nagneD .b

skegnem .aynranebes gnay isome nad narikip nakiserp

.ayniradnihgnem adapirad isome ipadahgnem nad iracneM .c

:adapek ucagnem tapad satilauskesomoH


51

)1 lauskes isatneirO gnaroeses naakusek nagned iadnatid gnay

sigoloib araces sinejes nimalek iaynumem nial gnaro nagned

uata redneg satitnedi .amas gnay

)2 lauskes ukalireP amas gnay redneg nagned gnaroeses nagned

.redneg satitnedi uata lauskes isatneiro iludep kadit

)3 itnedI lauskes sat tapad nikgnum gnay ,irid isakifitnedi uata

isatneiro uata lauskesomoh ukalirep adapek ucagnem

.lauskesomoh

karoc utaus idajnem halet sinej amases sitore atnic nad lauskes napakgnU

. lawa harajes kajes lanekid gnay ayadub nakaynabek harajes irad ,nupanamiagaB

iapmas halnakub ek daba - 91 tahilid uti itrepes nagnubuh nad nakadnit awhab

iagabes lauskes isatneiro .libats fitaler tafisreb gnay

lauskesomoH .B

lauskesomoH naitregneP .1

adap ucagnem )omoh takgnisid( lauskesomoh uata skesomoH

al ,gnaro ik - isatneiro iakamem gnay ,naupmerep nupuam ikal

.aynsatitnedi nakisinifednem malad kokop airetirk iagabes aynlauskes

utnenem ayadub paiteS iric nak - ic ( nimalek sinej ukalirep ir redneg

roivaheb ( nimalek sinej narep atres ) selor redneg yadub utas malad id ) a

iukagnem gnay ayadub adA .nial ayadub nagned amas kadit ajas tapad

tapad ,aynlasim aisenodnI ayaduB .redneg aud irad hibel aynada


61

nad ,aniteb ,natnaj utiay redneg agit aynada iukagnem halet gnadnapid

)3002 ,omoteO ( icnab

atak amatrep naanuggneP lauskesomoh harajes malad tatacret gnay

nuhat adap halada 9681 helo lraK - ynebtreK airaM naidumek nad

helo aynnaanuggnep nakrelupopid gnibE tffarK nov rrehierF drahciR

aynukub adap silauxeS aitahpohcysP ( .)3002,irasitnI

nuhat iD - tffarK kajes nuhat - ,gnibE idajnem halet satilauskesomoh

aluM .tabed nad naijak kokop utaus - iagabes gnadnapid alum tikaynep

utaus irad naigab iagabes ikidilesid gnires hibel gnarakes ,itaboid kutnu

imahamem kutnu raseb hibel gnay keyorp isatneiro nad tayah umlI

lauskes , awiJ umlI , P ,harajeS ,akiteneG ,kitilo irad ayadub isairav nad

id satilauskesomoh halmuj irad naarikreP .lauskes ketkarp nad satitnedi

naklupmukid gnay ataD .nakifingis araces isairavreb ini nredom asam

malad nakanugid gnay isinifed iagabreb helo timurepid

lauskesomoh .tapmet nad utkaw akgnaj malad isautkulf aynada atres sati

lauskesomoh nad naibsel muak halmuj nakarikrepid ,mumu araceS

.isalupop halmuj irad %01 aggnih %1 halada takaraysam malad id

isrevortnok naropal turunem ipateT stroper yesniK ,4891 nuhat adap

eynem airp nahurulesek latot irad airp %73 aynkadites awhab naktub

nad ,aynnial airp amasreb skes namalagnep imalagnem aynkadites halet

,atinaw adaP .lauskesomoh fisulske araces halada aynmalad id %4

ulkske araces hibel gnaruk" %5 aggnih %2 irad nakumenem yesniK "fis

.lauskesomoh


71

gnay lauskesomoh muak kaynab aynatayn adap nupualaW

.naropal isaruka tilusremem aggnihes aynsatitnedi nakiynubmeynem

2 irad awhab nakataynem ini gnakaleb radereb gnay naropal kaynaB

araces lauskesomoh halada airp isalupop irad %3,3 aggnih .fisulkske

lauskesomoh aynkutnebret ihuragnemem gnay lah nad sesorP .2

rotkaf nanikgnumek raseb nasirag agit tapadreT - gnay rotkaf

:lauskesomoh aynkutnebret ihuragnemem

sigoloiB .a

,)mosomork( kiteneg malad id utnetret naiakgnar / isanibmoK

, kato ihuragnepmem nakarikrepid farays nanusus nad ,nomroh

.lauskesomoh aynkutnebret

ludujreb lekitra malad iS.S ,artuP navE ylniS nad itnayiR iteD

”.haimlI fitkepsreP iraD nauajniT ,lauskesomoH“

aparebeb ,haimli naijak nakrasadreb awhab nakakumegnem

p rotkaf : irad tahilid tapad lauskesomoh idajnem gnaro babeyne

mosomorK nanusuS )1

tahilid tapad lauskesoreteh nad lauskesomoh naadebreP

atinaw gnaroeS .adebreb gnay aynmosomork nanusus irad

utas nad ubi irad x mosomork utas naktapadnem naka

k .haya irad x mosomor P utas naktapadnem airp ada

.haya irad y mosomork utas nad ubi irad x mosomork

.airp skes utnenep halada y mosomorK


81

,x mosomork nupapa kaynabes ,y mosomork tapadret akiJ

airp adap idajret gnay itrepeS .airp nimalekreb patet aid

retlefenilK mordnis atirednep agit ikilimem gnay

.yxx utiay skes mosomork adap idajret tapad ini lah naD

utas gnay airp adap aynlasiM .iyab narihalek 007 aratnaid

patet tubesret gnarO .yxx84 mosomork iaynupmem

tubesret airp adap numan ,airp nimalek sinejreb

ala adap nanialek imalagnem .aynnimalek t

nomroH nagnabmieskaditeK )2

aguj ipatet ,noretotset nomroh ikilimem airp gnaroeS

utiay atinaw helo ikilimid gnay nomroh iaynupmem

atinaw nomroh radak numaN .noretsegorp nad negortse

ikides tagnas ini mem airp gnaroes alib ipateT .t iaynu

radak pukuc gnay noretsegorp nad negoretse nomroh

nakbabeynem gnay halini lah akam ,aynhubut adap iggnit

itakednem airp gnaroes lauskes nagnabmekrep

.atinaw kitsiretkarak

katO rutkurtS )3

adap kato rutkurtS selamef thgiarts nad selam thgiarts

selamef yag atres nad selam yag katO .naadebrep tapadret

irad nanak nad irik naigab elam thgiarts salej tagnas s

.saget nad labet pukuc gnay narbmem nagned hasipret

selamef thgiartS kadit nanak nad irik naigab aratna kato ,


91

adap naD .labet nad saget utigeb selam yag rutkurts ,

nagned amas aynkato selamef thgiarts yag adap atres ,

nagned amas aynkato rutkurts selamef selam thgiarts nad ,

selamef yag .naibsel tubesid asaib ini

farays nanusus nanialeK ) 4

awhab iuhatekid ,rihkaret naitilenep lisah nakrasadreB

farays nanusus nanialek ihuragnepmem tapad kato

pe .lauskesomoh nupuam lauskesoreteh skes ukalir

gnadar helo nakbabesid ini kato farays nanusus nanialeK

lauskesomoh muaK .karokgnet rasad gnalut hatap uata

amirenem namayn hibel asarem aynmumu adap

lsigoloib rotkaf awhab nasalejnep ihuragnepmem gnay ha

rotkaf awhab amirenem nakgnidnabid akerem

amirenem nagneD .ihuragnepmem gnay halnagnukgnil

kutnebmem malad narepreb gnay sigoloib rotkaf awhab

muak awhab nakataynid tapad akam lauskesomoh

lauskesomoh iagabes rihalret gnamem lauskesomoh ,

lauskesomoh iagabes hilipid akerem aynnakub nad

.lauskesomoh idajnem hilimem


02

.b nagnukgniL

iL mem turut nakarikrepid nagnukgn aynkutnebret ihuragne

nukgnil rotkaF .lauskesomoh tapad nakarikrepid gnay nag

mem sata iridret lauskesomoh aynkutnebret ihuragne :tukireb

)1 tadA / ayaduB - tadaitsi

utnetret takaraysam tadaitsi tada nad ayadub malaD

lautir tapadret - rusnu gnudnagnem gnay lautir

orotE ukus ayadub malad itrepes ,satilauskesomoh utiay

lautir tapadret ,aeniuG weN aupaP namaladep ukus

ikal anamid nanikayek - amreps nakamem surah adum ikal

ay airp irad mem kutnu )asawed( aut hibel gn sutats helore

raneb araces asawed idajnem nad asawed airp iagabes

.tauk airp idajnem hubmutreb atres

adaP ukalreb gnay tadaitsi tada nad ayadub aynrasad

araysam kopmolek utaus malad kaynab tikides utnetret tak

mem gnisam idabirp ihuragne - malad gnaro gnisam

alup naikimed akam ,tubesret takaraysam kopmolek

u gnudnagnem gnay tadaitsi tada nad ayadub rusn

auskesomoh satil mem tapad ialuM .gnaroeses ihuragne

ialin ,nagnukgnil nagned iskaretnireb arac irad - gnay ialin

imep alop nupuam ,nagnadnap ,pakis ,tunaid utnetret narik

tiakret amaturet satitnedi nad ,nakadnit ,isatneiro nagned

.gnaroeses lauskes


12

)2 husa aloP

m araC m tapad aguj kana gnaroes husagne me ihuragne

halet kana gnaroes inid kajeS .lauskesomoh aynkutnebret

airp gnaroes iagabes akerem satitnedi adap naklanekid

kadit ini irid satitnedi nalanegnep naD .naupmerep uata

kam adap aguj numan natubes adap satabes aynah id an

:itupilem ,tubesret naupmerep uata airp natubes kilab

)a naatanep ,ujab naiakamep : kisif nalipmanep airetirK

,tubmar iagabes nad ,iauses gnay hubut natawarep ayn

)b : kisif kitsiretkaraK nad airp nimalek tala naadebrep

gnay kisif isidnok ikilimem aynmumu adap airp ;atinaw

adap airp ,atinaw nagned nakgnidnabid tauk hibel

nataigek nagned kiratret aynmumu - gnay nataigek

adap atinaw aratnemes rasak toto / aganet nakladnagnem

tret hibel aynmumu nataigek adap kira - gnay nataigek

.sulah toto nakladnagnem

)c hibel aynmumu adap airp : tafis kitsiretkaraK

adap atinaw aratnemes narikip / akigol nakanuggnem

/ naasarep nakanuggnem hibel gnurednec aynmumu

nataigek iakuynem hibel aynmumu adap airp ;isome -

tutnunem ,nilanerda naktikgnabmem gnay nataigek

hibel atinaw aratnemes ,natapecek nad nataukek


22

nataigek iakuynem - ,sulah tafisreb gnay nataigek

.naitiletek nad narabasek tutnunem

)d .naparah nad natutnut kitsiretkaraK

)e sis tunagnem gnay takaraysam kutnU kitsilanretap met

idajnem kutnu halada airp arap igab natutnut akam

sata bawaj gnuggnatreb nad agraulek alapek

airp naikimed nagneD .aynagraulek pudih nagnusgnalek

,saget ,raget ,tauk gnay rugif idajnem kutnu tutnutid

hibel gnay ignudnilem pais nad ,inareb itrepes( hamel

kana nad ,irtsi - gnay takaraysam kutnu aratnemeS .)kana

aynkilabes ukalreb akam kitsilanretam metsis tunagnem

.agraulek alapek idajnem kutnu tutnutid atinaw awhab

lasrevinu iukaid gnay metsis ,lasrevinu araces tahilid akiJ

ap metsis halada nupuam kitsilanretap kiab numaN .kitsilanret

nupuata airp iagabes ukalreb tapad patet gnaro paites ,kitsilanretam

airp :agraulek alapek adap nakadebmem gnaY .aynhunepes atinaw

halada kitsilanretam malad atinaw nad kitsilanretap malad

anugid gnay natakednep bawaj gnuggnat ihunemem malad nak

.agraulek alapek iagabes akerem

gnisa kadit gnay hotnoc itrepes ,tapet kadit gnay husa aloP

ikal kana :utiay - ,inadnadid ,naupmerep naiakap nakanekid gnay ikal

husagnem aynkayal itrepes husaid nad ,akenob naniam nakirebid

s adap isakilpmireb tapad aynkilabes nupuata ,naupmerep gnaroe


32

apagneM .tubesret kana adap lauskesomoh satitnedi aynkutnebret

araces kididid nad naklanekid kadit ai inid kajes aneraK ?naikimed

gnay naadebrep naka nad ,aynlauskes satitnedi naka raneb & tapet

ikal aratna salej - .naupmerep nad ikal

nawal nagned aynisaler nad amas nimalek sinejreb gnay gnaro rugiF )3

.sinej kana gnaroes ,lauskes satitnedi nakutnebmep sesorp malaD

amatrep - gnay iridnes akerem aut gnaro :adap tahilem naka amat

amas nimalek sinejreb ikal kana :aynnagned - adap tahilem ikal

naidumek nad ;aynubi adap tahilem naupmerep kana nad ,aynhaya

nimalek sinejreb gnay niamreb namet adap tahilem aguj akerem

eht no cilbuP eht gnitacudE .4002 ,C.J ,nerraH( aynnagned amas

.)ytilauxesomoH fo sesuaC

somoH kana akitek kutnebret lauske - lagag ini kana

ignem anamiagab nad ,apais ,apa isalimisagnem nad isakifitned

lauskes satitnedi nagned iauses nanarep inalajnem nad idajnem

ialin nakrasadreb akerem - nalagageK .atinaw nad airp lasrevinu ialin

nad isakifitnedignem tapad ini lauskes satitnedi isalimisagnem

kadit aynkutnu hotnoc idajnem nad tahilid gnay rugif nakanerakid

ialin nagned iauses akerem lauskes satitnedi nanarep naknaremem -

:itrepeS .ukalreb gnay lasrevinu ialin isanimodnem ulalret gnay ubi

it gnay haya nad kana nagned lanoisome nataki ikilimem kad -

gnay aut gnaro uata ;hamel gnay rugif iagabes lipmat haya ,aynkana

numaN .lauskesomoh t adap nakpadahid gnay kana aumes kadi


42

hisam anerak lauskesomoh iagabes kutnebret naka naikimed isautis

aguj gnay nial rotkaf ada tapad mem aynutnet nad ihuragne aguj

adebreb gnaro paites retkarak nad naidabirpek anerak - .adeb

naibseL .C

naibseL naitregneP .1

uata sinej amases atnicep gnologret gnay ,aporE hurules id atinaw araP

nanuY id ualup haubes ignujnugnem kiratret ,naibsel iridahgnem kutnu i

ualuP .atinaw muak kutnu susuhk kinu gnay lanoisanretni lavitsef haubes

gnay nasawak haubes id katelret uti ualuP .sobseL ualuP amanreb uti

ayntakaraysam naigabes anam id skodotrO inanuY helo ihuragnepid

sinej amases nahakinrep gnatnenem maid araces urtsuj ,ipateT . - maid

us id gnabmekreb naibsel muak arap kutnu araca tubesret aegeA tuaL tud

( rebmus : )

?uti naibseL hakapaiS .2

nagned )1991 ,initnatsirK malad ( evoL arabraB nad tobbA yendiS

rikipreb nasadnal ?tolP naibseL A noitarebiL s’nemoW sI nakgnareneM

:halada naibsel awhab

ikal apnat pudih naknahatremem gnay atinaW .a - ,ikal malad kiab

,laisnanif nupuam lanoisome lah


52

nakkujnunem kutnu gnaujreb ulales taas paites gnay atinaW .b

huggnus akerem awhab - kadit nad aynhutues aisunam huggnus

ikal nadab atoggna radekes - ,ikal

uskes ukalirep anerak nagnukgnil helo mukuhid gnay atinaW .c la

,ini ainud id nial naupmerep irad hibel akerem

.nial atinaw iatnicnem hilimem gnay atinaW .d

,sinej nawal icnebmem akerem satnal kadit ini isakifilauk nagneD

ikal icnebmem akerem irad aparebeb aguj ada nupualaw - nagned ikal

ipateT .nasala macam iagabreb aisunam halada akerem ayntakikah adap

rikipreb patet nad namayn nad nama naasarep nakhutubmem gnay asaib

ukal hakgnit araces adebreb aynah naibseL .aynamases nagned fitisop

nakaynabek nagned amas patet akerem aynnial kepsa adap ,lauskes

.gnaro

s nareP .3 naibseL lauske

ada muleb numan ,lauskes narep tapadret naibsel napudihek malaD

lauskes narep gnatnet naksalejnem kifiseps araces gnay katec aidem

:utiay naibsel skes nareP .tubesret

.a hctuB id gnay epytorets nanimod hibel gnay nagnasap iagabes nak

uh malad .lauskes nagnub hctuB iagabes nakrabmagid gnires

.ignudnilem nad ,fiserga ,fitka ,iobmot gnay kosos hctuB tapad

:nial aratna ,epit aparebeb malad nakisakifisalkid


62

)1 hctuB tfoS

ninimef hibel gnay nasek iaynumem nakrabmagid gnireS

arac malad araceS .tubmar nagnotop nad naiakapreb

akerem awhab naknasegnem kadit kisif nad lanoisome

.huggnat/tauk gnay idabirp halada

)2 hctuB enotS

naiakapreb arac malad niluksam hibel nakrabmagiD

ikal naiakap nakanegnem ,tubmar nagnotop nupuam - ,ikal

gnadakret .atar hibel natahilek raga aynadad tabebmem

hctuB narepreb ilakgnires niluksam nalipmanepreb gnay

ikal gnaroes iagabes - nagnubuh utaus malad kiab ikal

.skes nagnubuhreb taas nupuam aynnagnasap nagned

.b emmeF

emmeF hibel hemmep halitsi nagned ralupop hibel uata

nagned nagnubuh utaus malad ninimef iagabes narep ispodagnem

.aynnagnasap emmeF ulales ninimef nalipmanepreb gnay

.ninimef naiakapreb nad gnajnap tubmar iaynumem nakrabmagid

emmeF iaynumem gnires epytorets s fisap gnay nagnasap iagabe

.www( .skes nagnubuhreb taas nupuam nagnubuh utaus malad

)php.tsopwohs/su.suksaK

suonygordnA.c

suonygordnA halada ordna uata inigordna tubesid asaib uata

narep naigabmep nakkujnunem kutnu nakanugid gnay halitsi


72

ak malad amas gnay gnay taas adap ninimef nad niluksam retkar

.naamasreb malad atak aud irad lasareb ini halitsI inanuY asahab

( ρήνα utiay réna ikal itrareb gnay , - ( ήνυγ nad )ikal énug gnay ,

p itrareb irad utas halas adapek kujurem tapad gnay )naupmere

gnatnet tiakret pesnok aud redneg irad narupmacnep aynitrA .

iric - nad niluksam iric ninimef ,neysef naitregnep malad kiab ,

" aratna nagnabmiesek uata sumina nad amina malad " iroet

sitilanaokisp .

4 naibseL babeyneP rotkaF .

nostaW nad ,nagaK ,hguonedooG helo nakukalid gnay naitileneP

,initnatsirK malad( naitileneP .salej hibel gnay narabmag irebmem )1991

ikal kana ukal hakgnit alop nagnabmekrep tahilem kutnu nakukalid - ikal

gned iauses nagnukgnil nakparahid gnay narep nagned nagnubuhes sinej na

gnisam nimalek - .gnisam ad( nitraM nad noyL ,rubiW ,mmoR turuneM mal

:halada naibsel babeynep rotkaf ,)1991 ,initnatsirK

bawaj gnuggnat amirenem nad hubmut kutnu natukatek aynadA )1

.asawed aisunam iagabes

.nakalonep naka natukatek aynadA )2

.isanimod naka natukatek aynadA )3

.sinej nawal padahret natukatek aynadA )4

)5 .ubI ikilimem nad tuberem kutnu naparah aynadA

.sitoruen gnay nagnutnagretek aynadA )6

.lauskesoreteh amuart aynadA )7


82

nad sinej emases nagned lauskes namalagnep aynadA )8

.natamkinek nakumenem

isaskif aynada tabikareb gnay isabrutsam namalagnep aynadA )9

sirotilk

.asawed hibel gnay atinaw irad nakujub aynadA )01

:awhab naksalejnem yesniK ,’nakujub‘ rotkaf ianegneM

udividni nupiksem aynhuragnep raseb utigeb kadit nakujuB )11

.lauskesomoh haraek isnetop ikilimem

gnay lauskesomoh isnetop nagned udividnI )21 uata tapec ,tauk

idajnem naka ,naknikgnumem gnay isautis gnukudid atres tabmal

trevo .

iagabes nakujub huragneP cisab - esuac adap

.nahibelreb tagnas satilauskesomoh gnadnamem gnurednec akereM

idajnem nagnabmekrep malad gnitnep rotkaf iagabes ’narep‘

akgnit ikal kana irad asawed ukal h - aparebeB .naupmerep nad ikal

tapad hibel naupmerep kana adap idajret gnay nagnapmiynep

ikal kana adap nagnapmiynep adapirad amiretid - kanA .ikal

ikal kana adapirad amiretid tapad hibel iobmot naupmerep - ikal

itrepes tafisreb gnay (naupmerep yob yssis a gnieb hcirE turuneM .)

haubes halada nahusumrep nad naatnicrep )7002( mmorF

isaletsnok - nagnubuH .nagnutnagreb gnilasek nagned naadebrep

irad sapel tapad kadit ripmah nimalek sinej audratna lauskes

.nahusumrep nad emsinogatna tubeynem gnires rutaretil aparebeB


92

iagabes iobmot yob - emordnys ekil .)1991 ,initnatsirK malad (

gnay satifitka nad naramegek anamid alajeg utaus halada iobmoT

ikal kana nagned nakisaisosaid asaib hilipid - ikal paiteS gnay .ikal -

ikilimem naupmerep nad ikal iatnicnem kutnu naupmamek

ikal nagnubuh malad .icnebmem sugilakes - ,naupmerep nad ikal

laisnetop anerak naD .laisnetop gnay utaus halada emsinogatna

tapad iatnicid gnay gnaro anerak hubmut naka nasamecek akam

cneb naasarep nad husum gnaroes idajnem habureb tagnas i

awhab nakrabmagid initnatsirK malaD .hubmut kutnu nikgnum

nagnalihek anerak aigahab kadit gnay akerem halada naibsel

akerem anamid nagnukgnil nad autgnaro amiretid kutnu naparah

aynhuggnuses nakiynubmes akerem gnay naibsel isidnoK .laggnit

kapurem nad naipesek padahret irid nanahatrep emsinakem na

.aynpudih nalagagek

iroeT .D gnilesnoK

isasilautpesnok utaus halai gnilesnok iroet )7991( lekniW turuneM

gnilesnok sesorp anamiagab gnatnet rikipreb nauca akgnarek uata

nok iroet paites nad gnusgnalreb )sitiroet iskelfer kepsa( gniles

gnay ,)sitkarp naparenep kepsa( alup utnetret natakednep nakanuggnem

malad nakanugid naka gnay kinket akena nad ,edotem ,rudesorp itupilem

nakirebmem ini susak iduts malad iakapid gnay iroet ,gnilesnok nanayal

halada tiarT gnilesnuoC rotcaF .


03

nagnabmegnep ropoleP gnilesnuoC rotcaF tiarT gnilap gnay

naknakenem ini gnilesnok karoC .nosmailliW .G.E halada lanekid

uti namahamep naparenep nad sigolokisp gnitset iulalem irid namahamep

turet ,ipadahid gnay nalaosrep nakhacemem malad tukgnaynem gnay ama

ini gnilesnok karoC .)7991 ,lekniW( naajrekep uata iduts margorp nahilip

rusnu gnudnagnem gnay susak aumes adap nakanugid tapad - rusnu

gnilesnok uata natabaj gnilesnok magar kusamret :tukireb iagabes

D .rirak gnilesnok uata nad kimedaka halasam ,ini gnilesnok karoc mala

aratnaid hilimem kutnu nasurahek ipadahgnem gnaroeses alib lubmit

gnadib nad iduts margorp nahilip tukgnaynem gnay fitanretla aparebeb

.naajrekep nakididnep naujut iagabes nagnabmekrep naknakenem ini iroeT

sugilakes nad ut ayngnitnep tahilem nad ,gnilesnok nad nagnibmib nauj

nosreP‘ - .’tif ro noitcaretni tnemnorivne nasurahek naknakenem ini iroeT

huragnep nanikgnumek isaiserpagnem nad imahamem kutnu rolesnok

,nakididnep ,laisos isautis :malad ( awsis padahret naajrekep nad

A )fdp.lanoiseforP_ gnilesnoK_ nagnatnaT _nad_har .

susak malad nakanugid kococ hibel anerak hilipid ini gnilesnoK

agnem tapad kejbus awhab tapadid susak iduts malaD .ini k irid nakisasilaut

gnaroes iagabes aynnaajrekep malad recnad kutnu aynnahilip naD .

ihgnem gnaroes iagabes ipmim ipud recnad kejbus anerak isaiserpaid ulrep

.rirak gnadib malad aynikilimid gnay isnetop ilaggnem tapad


13

rikipreb akgnareK .E

utiay sregoR helo nakakumekid gnay isasilautkA irid idajnem sesorp

tafis nakgnabmegnem nad iridnes - tafis snetop nad i - gnay sigolokisp isnetop

irid amirenem tapad muleb hisam idabirp gnaroes akitek gnaruk hisam kinu

ulrep gnaroeses isasilautka awhab ismusareb itileneP .fitisop araces

kadit gnaroeseS .fitisop gnay irid pesnok nakutnebmep nagned nakuluhadid

apad hisam aynirid malad akitek aynisnetop hurules nakgnabmegnem t

lamitpo araces upmam kadit aynirid nakbabeynem gnay uggneleb napmisret

akitek kutnebret ini irid pesnoK .tubesret naupmamek isarolpskegnem

i gnay aynirid nakutaynem nad iapacnem upmam gnaroeses aynirid nagned laed

.liir gnay

gnay idabirp tafis gnatnet nakrapamem ayniroet nagned wolsaM

irid nakisasilautkagnem nad iggnit gnilap gnay nagnabmekrep iagabes

nad satilauk aumes naanuggnep atres ,isnetop ,takab aumes naanuggnep

.hunep araces satisapak aM idabirp retkarak gnatnet nakhabmanem aguj wols

utas halas nakapurem ini retkarak nairebmeP .irid nakisasilautkagnem gnay

hotnoc nakitahreP .irid nakisasilautkagnem gnay idabirp sisilanagnem namodep

.ini tukireb

bes kejbus awhab tapadid atad narapamep malaD naibsel gnaroes iaga

akij naD .ayniagabes nad,awecek,hides,haram,aynisome iradaynem upmam

nad ,isidnok ,isautis adap tubesret aynisome paites nakpaulem upmam kejbus

tapad gnay gnaro retkarak 3 gnatnet wolsaM iroet malad akam tapet gnay gnaro

sasilautkagnem retkarak awhab agitek retkarak ihunemem kejbus ,irid naki


23

m halada irid nakisasilautkagnem tapad gnay idabirp ipadahgnem nad iracne

ayniradnihgnem adapirad isome isatnero nakapurem kejbus lauskes isatneirO .

K .nahoomec padahret naksir gnay satironim lauskes ahasureb kejbus akite

akam ,aynnaatnicrep isautis tukgnaynem gnay isome nakisasilautkagnem

kejbus akij numaN .nial gnaro adap trevortni hibel gnurednec naka kejbus

kadit ,tapet gnay gnaro adap tubesret isome nakisasilautkagnem upmam

kes isatneiro gnadnamem nad nainarebek ikilimem paggnaid kejbus ,ayns

awhab tapadid atad narapamep iraD .tubesret gnaro padahret naayacrepek

nakisasilautkagnem tapad kejbus anerak agitek gnay retkarak ihunemem kejbus

.kiab nagned aynisome paites

nahuruleseK gnittes tilenep malad lanosrep nagnubuh haubes halada ini nai

ulales idabirp pait anerak esaf pait malad satifitkejbus nakhutubmem gnay

malad aparebes nakrasadreb naitilenep satidilaV .aynutkaw paites habureb

sadreB .nakukalid ini isavresbo nad aracnawaw iulalem atad nailaggnep nakra

itilenep ,tapadid gnay atad nagned aynisnaveler nad nakrapapid halet gnay iroet

uti numan aynirid nakisasilautkagnem upmam idabirp paites ,ismusareb

pesnok kiab nikameS .aynirid ialinem tubesret idabirp anamiagab gnutnagret

lup kiab nikames akam irid .irid nakisasilautkagnem tapad ai a


33

III BAB

NAITILENEP EDOTEM

naitileneP sineJ .A

enep edotem nad ,naujut ,tafis iraD 6991( idnaweoS turunem ,naitil ,)

naitilenep sinej nakgnades fitatilauk naitilenep malad kusam ini naitilenep

nakrasadreb halasam tafis sata 3891( atarbayruS turunem ayn ini naitilenep )

.susak iduts naitilenep sinejreb fisnetni nakidileynep utaus halada susak idutS

nakanuggnem nad ,surenem suret ,amal fitaler ,maladnem araces udividni gnatnet

susak aynitra gnay laggnut kejbus .)2891 ,nahcuF( gnaro utas imalaid naitileneP

rugnem ini isasilautka gnatnet nakia iraT irahes napudihek malad - .irah

ataD rebmuS .B

irad helorepid atad rebmuS utas naitilenep kejbus gnaro ay isatneiroreb gn

skes naibsel . jbus gnatnet atad halada tukireB :ke

amaN iraT :

rihaL laggnaT/tapmeT : 4991 rebmeseD 72 ,gnupmaL

aisU nuhaT 71 :

aleK sineJ nim naupmereP :

amagA malsI :

halokeS atrakaygoY id atsawS halokeS :

hamuR tamalA namelS :

kisiF iriC tiluk ,gk 94 nadab tareb ,mc 251 nadaB iggniT :

am talkoc hajaw kutneb ,surul tubmar ,gnat ,talub


43

sila ,rabel atam ,sipit kitnel nagnat iraj ,sipit ribib

sikisP nalipmaneP : .saget ,akubret

rauL nalipmaT iakamem ,iskes ,ipar kadit : sneltfos .

ataD nalupmugneP edoteM .C

malad atad nalupmugneP .hakgnal aud nagned nakukalid ini naitilenep

hakgnal ianegnem naiaru ini tukireB - gnay atad nalupmugnep hakgnal

.nakukalid haleteS .lamrofni aracnawaw kinket nagned atad ilaggnem itileneP

lisah padahret sisilana nakukalem itilenep akam aracnawaw nakukalem

w .aracnawa

naitileneP nemurtsnI .D

halada nakanugid gnay naitilenep nemurtsnI alad naaynatrep .aracnawaw m

iraT gnatnet isamrofni heloremem kutnu nakanugrepid aracnawaw namodeP

atad nalupmugneP .naibsel gnaroes iagabes aynirid naisasilautkagnep malad

kejbus gnatnet maladnem hibel ,saul gnay naitregnep tapadnem kutnu naujutreb

.itiletid kadneh gnay

edoteM .E ataD nalupmugneP rudesorP nad

ataD nalupmugneP edoteM .1

nakukalid kejbus gnatnet atad )1102,oytidA malad( gnuyapiS turuneM

fni aracnawaw iulalem .hamur nagnujnuk nad ,isavresbo ,isamro

isamrofnI aracnawaW .a

isamrofni naklupmugnem kutnu tala halada isamrofni aracnawaW -

gnay isamrofnI .nasil araces silunep helo nakhutubid gnay isamrofni


53

dihek gnakaleb ratal ,susak mumu ispirksed apureb nakhutubid napu

oisos ,kisif nagnukgnil ,agraulek - oisos nad imonoke - nahubmutrep ,larutluk

nagnabmekrep ,fitingok nagnabmekrep ,natahesek tayawir nad inamsaj

isos sutats nad laisos iric ,la - ic nial nad naidabirpek ir - gnay lah nial

.naveler paggnaid naaynatrep naudnaP :tukireb iagabes aracnawaw

?adna lauskesomoh nagnabmekrep anamiagaB

?naibsel gnaroes iagabes adna irid naamirenep anamiagaB

?naibsel gnaroes iagabes pudih nanalajrep anamiagaB

)1 mumU

- malad adna ihuragnemem naibsel iagabes adna naadaek hakapA

tkagnem ?irid nakisasilau

- ?irid nakisasilautkagnem adna sesorp malad aladnek ada apA

- isasilautka nakukalem naibsel gnaroes iagabes adna anamiagaB

?naluagrep malad )isnetop nad isome araces( irid

)2 iridneS iriD

- malad isnetop/takab iuhategnem adna anamiagaB ?adna irid

- me /naasarep nakrulaynem adna anamiagaB gnades gnay adna iso

kumacekreb ?adna irid malad

)3 iriD pesnoK

- ?takaraysam hagnet id adna irid ialinem adna anamiagaB

- utaus kutnebmem gnay namalagnep utaus ikilimem adna apA

irid padahret naialinep ?adna

)4 idabirp nasaupeK

- ?ini taas adna irid isatserp anamiagaB

- taas naktapad adna gnay lisah nad isnetop nagned saup adna apA

?ini

- gnaroes iagabes adna nagnukgnil pakis nagned saup adna hakapA

?irid nakisasilautkagnem tapad gnay naibsel


63

utiay ilak aud kaynabes nakukalid akubret aracnawaW aracnawaW

w id nakukalid I gnuluwgnirP oskaB gnura laggnat adap 0102 sutsugA 1 ,

00.31 lukup - BIW 03.41 nakkujnunem hadus iraT ini naumetrep adaP .

goR iroet malad itrepes ,namalagnep adap naakubretek aynada awhab sre

o aumes amirenem gnay gnaro halada aynhunepes isgnufreb gnay gnar

.urab ispesrep lubmit ulales aggnihes lebiskelf nagned namalagnep iraT

nagned nakkujnutid ini lah akubret tagnas nagned aynhasik igabreb uam

m ai akud akus nakatirecnem ayacrep asar gabes irid nakisasilautkagne a i

sregoR iroet nagned iauses iraT nup ini lah malaD .naibsel gnaroes

uam gnay gnaroes halada aynhunepes isgnufreb gnay gnaroes awhab

aggnihes iridnes irid ayacrep irad iges paites nakgnabmitremem tapad ai

s nagned isautis utaus .kiab tagna

nakukalid audek aracnawaW aW id gnugoP ,labmaS laisepS gnur

laggnat roL 0102 rebmetpeS 21 p 00.81 luku - BIW 00.02 . iraT

habmatid nad ,irid ayacrep ,akubret ,utiay amas gnay pakis nakkujnunem

s gnay nalaosrep alages padahret sabeb pakis nagned e nad ipadahid g taas

.uti

isavresbO .b

nagned atad naklupmugnem arac utas halas halada isavresbO

.gnusgnal araces kejbus ukalirep itamagnem nakukalid ini isavresbO

naamasreb nakukalid isavresbo ilak aud igabret gnay ,ilak amil kaynabes

nad aracnawaw nagned iraT naluagrep pukgnil malad nakukalid ilak agit

pes e .aynsatinumok nad hamur itr

isamrofni naktapadnem kutnu nakukalid gnitnep isavresbO

non nad lanoisautis - nakukalid isavresbO .itiletid gnay kejbus irad labrev


73

bmem tapad hamur anerak hamur nagnukgnil id gnatnet isamrofni ire

.iraT agraulek imonoke nad laisos naadaek satinumok id isavresbO

ecnad kaynab hibel iraT sativitka anerak ulrep asarid malad id nakukalid

gnay naibsel ainud alup utigeb ini aynsatinumok adap adareb gnurednec

ainud ecnad .aynitulegid gnay

hamuR nagnujnuK .c

atad naklupmugnem arac utas halas halada hamur nagnujnuK

isamrofni apureb - naveler gnay isamrofni takedret agrauek atoggna irad

nagned irahes kejbus pudih nagnukgnil lanegnem hibel kutnu naujutreb -

.irah

edoteM .2 isalugnairT

,isalugnairt edotem nakanugid ,isamrofni aracnawaw malaD

.kejbus nagned tiakret gnay kahip aparebeb irad helorepid atad anamid

salugnairt edoteM halada nakanugid gnay i magareb nakanuggnem

.aidesret gnay rebmus t edotem ini susak iduts malaD isalugnair

gnay urug gnaroes halada namrofnI .iraT halokes natnam id nakukalid

gnitnep halokes id isalugnairt nalibmagneP .iraT nagned taked pukuc

anep iagabes n naka utigeb nagneD .iraT irid isasilautka sata nahugg

halet lamitpo araces iraT hakapa iuhatekid irid nakisasilautkagnem

alugnairt iraD .halokes id kusamret nupanamid kiab nagned tapadid ini is

T awhab isamrofni nagned kiab nagned irid nakisasilautkagnem halet ira

nakukalem tuo gnimoc .halokes id ada gnay irat artske itukignem nad


83

nagned iauses ini laH sregoR iroet gnay udividni gnaroeses utiay

irid nakisasilautkagnem iric nagned sativitaerk ikilimem – iric

nad ,hubmutreb ,habureb ,fisnefed kadit ,natnops ukal hakgnitreb

sulumits sata nopser iagabes gnabmekreb - gnay napudihek sulumits

ar akenareb s id mag .aynratike

ataD nalupmugneP rudesorP .3

pahat nagned nakukalid atad nalupmugneP - :tukireb iagabes pahat

napaisreP .a

aracnawaw nakanaskalem kutnu iraT adapek niji atnimem siluneP

naaynatrep nakpaisremem silunep nad isamrofni - kutnu lawa naaynatrep

umem .isamrofni aracnawaw ial

isamrofni aracnawaw naanaskaleP .b

itrepes ,ayngnadib nagned iauses naaynatrep nakpaisremem siluneP )1

idabirp gnadib - nad ,natahesek gnadib ,kimedaka gnadib ,laisos

naka gnadib paites mald pakgnel gnay ataD .satilauskes gnadib

.halasam sisilanagnem kutnu utnabmem

aracnawaw malad esaf naturu adap gnagepreB )2

aggnihes skelir nad namayn anasaus nakatpicid naakubmep esaf adaP

nakujutid putunep esaf adaP .aracnawaw aynnalaj gnukudnem tapad

nasutupek sata nasagenep nakirebmem kutnu nad kejbus hilpid gnay

kejbus adap hisakamiret nakpacuid ayntujnaleS .nasagenep nairebmep

.aracnawaw amales naakubretek nad naalerek sata


93

.F ataD sisilanA

ratal sisilanagnem arac nagned sisilanaid ,lupmukret hadus gnay ataD

napudihek gnakaleb ,natahesek tayawir nad inamsaj nahubmutrep ,agraulek

s laisos sutats nad laisos nagnabmekrep ,fitingok nagnabmekrep iric ,gnarake - iric

naidabirpek aynada irasadnem gnay gnay sregoR iroet nagned nakisalerokid gnay

.iraT irid malad irid isasilautka i haleteS ,sisongaid ,sisetnis nakukalid ut

sisongorp , utaus isamrofni aumes mukgnarem atres ,tujnal kadnit nad isaulave

.susak iduts naitilenep tamrof


04

VI BAB

NAITILENEP LISAH NAROPAL

bab adaP isamrofni gnatnet isireb ini - id helorepid halet gnay isamrofni

naksalejid halet gnay itrepes edotem nagned susak iduts lisah iagabes nagnapal

.tiakret kahip irad nad kejbus irad gnusgnal helorepid isamrofnI .III BAB adap

natnet imaladnem ahasureb siluneP kite edok nagned natiakreB .kejbus naadaek g

kadit neilk satitnedi raga nakramasid isamrofni aparebeb nad aman akam

.iuhatekid

naitilenep kejbuS .A

kejbuS ataD nupmihgneP .1

susaK mumU ispirkseD

amaN iraT :

rihaL laggnaT/tapmeT : rebmeseD 72 ,gnupmaL 4991

aisU nuhaT 71 :

aleK sineJ nim naupmereP :

amagA malsI :

halokeS atrakaygoY id atsawS halokeS :

hamuR tamalA namelS :

kisiF nalipmaneP tiluk ,gk 94 nadab tareb ,mc 251 nadaB iggniT :

am talkoc hajaw kutneb ,surul tubmar ,gnat ,talub

sila ,rabel atam ,sipit kitnel nagnat iraj ,sipit ribib

sikisP nalipmaneP : .saget ,akubret


14

nalipmaneP iakamem ,iskes ,ipar kadit : sneltfos .s

alajeG :

.naibsel gnaroes iagabes naadaek itamkinem iraT .1

2 . .aynhaya nagned namayn kadit asareM

s iraT .3 iakuynem tagna ecnad

ataD narapameP .2

.a agraulek napudihek gnakaleb rataL

iraT hayA .nuhat 54 rumureb nad gnupmaL irad lasareb iraT hayA

aptas iagabes ajrekeb nad malsI amagareb iraT haya rihkaret nakididneP .m

aI .AMS halada kadit iraT nakbabeynem uti lah nad sarek retkarakreb

kiab gnaruk aynhaya nagned iraT nagnubuH .hamur id adareb namayn

.naibsel gnaroes iagabes ukagnem iraT kajnemes gnires aynhayA

adaP .aynatinaw namet ratnaid iraT tahilem aid akitek iraT ridniynem

nrasad aggnihes latnemarepmet gnay haya lakipit nakub iraT haya ,ay

kana ihuajid surah - nagnubuh nakukalem aynhaya taasid ipatet ,aynkana

aynkida nad ai taubmem ,hudag araus taubmem nad aynubi nagned mitni

matrep kana halada iraT .akerem haya nagned ”kijij“ asarem agit irad a

AMS utas salek aynamatrep kidA .naupmerep aynkida audek ,araduasreb

imahamem tapad aynubI .nuhat agit rumureb hisam audek gnay nad

nakirebmem akus aynubi nakhab naibsel gnaroes iagabes aynkana naadaek

nagnasap adap naialinep - parek gnay nagnasap ubI .hamur ek iraT awabid

ilak utaus adaP .nagnutneK nasawak id yrdnuaL haubes id ajrekeb iraT

nakukalid gnay nahecelep anerak hamur irad ”taggnim“ hanrep iraT


24

id kitoksid haubes id aynhaya nagned umetreb iraT uti taaS .aynhaya

raT ,gnalegaM nalaJ nasawak namet amasreb gnades i - nanib namet

akus kadit aynhaya anerak gnalup iraT askamem ulal iraT hayA .aynnial

namet nagned luagreb aynkana - aggnih uam kadit iraT numan nanib namet

.iraT adapek iraT haya nakukalid gnay rajegnem rajek awitsirep idajret

natret ulaL aynhaya numan aynhamur taked italM haread id iraT halpakg

haubes ek iraT awabmem aid ipatet gnalup iraT awabmem gnusgnal kadit

ialum aynhaya nad kusam askapid iraT .ulud aynhaya rotnak sakeb gnudeg

atakreb - naroes iagabes aynkana nahilip lahirep rasak atak nakhab naibsel g

nareh iraT .aguj uti taas aynhaya naped id sitpirts iranem iraT atnimem

iraT nakgnades ,aynadap tubesret lah atnimem inareb aynhaya anerak

iraT akaM .uti taas kubam kadit gnades aynhaya awhab nanikayekreb

y ragap tajnamem nad iralreb daken akitek aynhaya icnukid tapmes gna

nup nortenis malad itrepes sitamard iskA .uti gnudeg ek kusam akerem

uhatirebmem nad hamur ek gnalup hilimem nad iralreb iraT akitek idajret

naped id iapmas iraT haleteS .idajret halet gnay apa gnatnet aynubi adap

ad hamur irad icnukid utnip ataynret ,utnip nakakubmem aynubi atnimem n

.malad irad akubmem asib kadit iraT ubi aggnihes aynhaya helo raul

.aguj uti malam hamur naklaggninem hilimem iraT aynrihka numaN

hadnipreb ulales iraT hibel nalub aud amaleS - nem tapmet hadnip panig

aid anerak nakukalid askapret uti laH .nial gnay namet ek namet utas irad

surah akij itah kane kadit asarem aguj iraT .amuart asar ikilimem hisam

namet naktoperem - id rudit kutnu hilimem iraT aynrihka adaP .aynnamet


34

aynubi ajrek tapmet arebeb amales hadus aynmulebes gnay utkaw ap

gnay awitsirep nakatirecnem iraT .yrdnual kilimep adap niji atnimem

nad ayniayacremem kadit aynubi numan ubi gnas adap uti aynapminem

anerak tubesret lah nagned mulkam iraT .aynimaus adap ayacrep hilimem

aynubi ,iraT turunem iridnes aynnaasarep ignohobmem ahasureb aynah

nakukalremem gnires iraT hayA .iraT adap halasreb asar iputunem nad

rehel muicnem itrepes ,atinaw gnaroes iagabes tamroh kadit nagned iraT

numan tubesret lah iradaynem iraT .rudit taas iraT hubut abarem nakhab

irad ”aynnataggnimek“ awitsirep halada aynkacnup nad maid aynah

hadnipreb ai ,uggnim aud amales hamur irad taggnim iraT .hamur - hadnip

namet nial sok ek sok utas irad - asaib asaret hamur anasauS .aynnamet

repes nalajreb satifitka ,hamur id iapmas ai akitek nup aynhayA .asaib it

naka nakarikrep ai gnay akerem nagnubuh ,aynhenA .ajas asaib tahilret

apanek iuhategnem kat nup aI .racnal tagnas halam ataynret ukak nalajreb

aynhaya helo nakhecelid halet anerak aynanihret naasarep nakapulem asib

guj aynubI .iridnes kat haloes aynasaib itrepes aynirid nakukalremem a

.nupapa idajret hanrep

kana haloes iraT nakukalremem ulales haya kahip irad aynkeneN

narihalek gnales anerak tubesret lah iradaynem aynranebes iraT .marah

iraT .nalub tapme aynah aynkida nagned aid aratna aid awhab agudnem

aynubi adap tubesret lah nakaynanem hanrep iraT .aynhaya kana halnakub

aynhaya kahip irad agraulek naukalreP .radnihgnem ulales aynubi ipat

asarem iraT .aynkida adap akerem naukalrep nakgnidnabid adebreb tagnas


44

lah malad nakisanimirksid aynah uata gnau nairebmep itrepes nupapa

.raulek kutnu niji radekes

oisoS ,kisiF nagnukgniL .b - larutluk oisoS nad ,imonokE

.ramak agit ikilimem nad kobmet gnidnidreb iraT hamuR

.aynnaped id licek saret ikilimem nad saul kadit tubesret hamuR

l irad kapmaT gnay agraulek halada iraT agraulek awhab rau

.hawab ek hagnenem kusamret iraT agraulek napudiheK .anahredes

kana naniam kaynab ,hisreb ulalret kadit iraT hamuR - anasid kana

nakgnades atilab kida ikilimem hisam iraT nakanerakid uti ,inis

raj agraulek atoggna gnisam nakubisek anerak hamur id ada gna -

nagnukgnil helo amiretid aynagraulek awhab asarem iraT .gnisam

nagnukgnil malad naajrekep sutats nupualaw kiab nagned aynlaisos

.kiab nagned naibsel iagabes amiretid nup iraT .magareb tubesret

awhab uhat aynaggnateT gnires iraT anerak naibsel gnaroes iraT

namet helo gnalup ratnaid - namet yhctub nagned taukrepid nad ayn

iagabes aynirid nakhalasremem gnay aynhaya nagned narakgnetrep

iraT hamuR .aggnatet helo ragnedret aggnihes naibsel gnaroes

tadap haread adap katelret hamur ujunem nalaj aggnihes kududnep

iradnihgnem tapad kat nad hamur kaynab itawelem surah iraT

aggnatet - naped id gnacnibreb kudud ilakgnires gnay aggnatet

arap hakapa ugar tapmes iraT aynmulebeS .akerem hamur

skes isatneiro iuhategnem huggnus aynaggnatet aynlau

gnay aynaggnatet gnaroes halas ada utigeb numan,tubesret


54

aynatreb aynlaggnit tapmet nagnukgnil id pisog gnaib gnalibret

arap aratna irad apais gnatnet yhctub gnay aynratnagnem gnay

irebid asarem iraT uti taas adap akam racap iagabes sutatsreb

pmesek akub“ kutnu nata - gnay lauskes isatneiro gnatnet ”naakub

kadit aggnatet arap raga nakukalid ini laH .aynranebes

iraT tubesret naidajek haleteS .ayngnakaleb id nakgnijnugremem

aynaggnateT .aynaggnatet arap irad habureb gnay ada kat asarem

akhab apaynem patet asarem idaj iraT ,hodob asam nasekret n

.gnanet

nameT - iraT awhab iuhategnem aguj halokes id iraT namet

gnaro aud ada aynhalokes id anerak naibsel gnaroes halada

kadit iraT numaN .amas lauskes isatneiroreb gnay aynnamet

gnay namet kopmolek malad gnubagret anerak tubesret naibsel

namet amasreb adareb namayn asarem hibel iraT - ”narilaes“ namet

agajnem patet iraT utigeb ualaw ,halokes raul id ada gnay

nameT .aynhalokes id naibsel kopmolek nagned kiab nagnubuh -

neiro lahirep kejegnem gnaraj kadit aynikalel namet aynlauskes isat

ikal namet aparebeb aguj ada ipatet - igaB .ayniakuynem gnay ikal

irahes nanakam idajnem hadus ini macames lah iraT - aggnihes irah

narikipreb aynnakidajnem hanrep kadit ini laH .asaibret hadus iraT

.iridnes aynirid gnatnet fitagen


64

mutreP .c nataheseK tayawiR nad inamsaJ nahub

adap kana kayales hubmut nad lamron rihalret iraT

.aynhubut malad nupapa nauggnag ikilimem kadit iraT .aynrumu

sneltfoS atames nakanugid gnay - ipakgnelem kutnu atam

gnaroes iagabes aynnalipmanep recnad ah gnisup nahuleK . ayn

hasik itrepes timur nahalasamrep ikilimem aid akij nakasarid

gnay hubut ikilimem iraT .agraulek nahalasamrep nupuam aynatnic

iagabes aynnaajrekep anerak gnacnek nad tauk numan licek

recnad .

fitingoK nagnabmekreP .d

tar fitingok naupmamek ikilimem iraT a- kadit aI .atar

halokes id nakididnep asam inalajnem amales isatserpreb hanrep

nakraulekid hanrep ai PMS aud salek utkawes nakhaB .ini amales

nup aid akaM .solobmem gnires ulalret anerak halokes irad

aro irad tatek nasawagnep nagned nial PMS id naksurenem autgn

.sulul ai aggnih halokes kahip nagned amasajrekeb gnay

sap gnay ialin nagned sulul tapad iraT aynrihka adaP - .nasap

,iregen halokes id halokesreb ulales iraT ,PMS aggnih KT kajeS

nakianek adaP .atsaws id halokesreb id ai AMS taas adap numan

aud salek aynilak audek kutnu nahalokes irad nakraulekid ai ,

hanrep kadit iraT .solobmem utiay amas gnay babes nagned

tabmalret gnires ai anerak numan ,solobmem kutnu duskamreb

nauhatek akij salek kusam helob kadit isknas tapadnem ai akam


74

ed nupualaW .igal solobmem halokes kahip irad namacna nagn

halnakub iraT .tabmalret gnires hisam iraT numan uti itrepes

haletes nagnaisek nugnab ulales ai aggnihes bitret gnay kana lakipit

iraT nakbabeynem gnay halini nasalA .malam bulk id iranem

nerak igap nugnab kutnu hasus ulales urab tubesret aynsatifitka a

iraT iuhategnem haleteS .igap aud lukup ratikes iaseles

asarem akerem anerak harsap asib aynah aynautgnaro ,nakraulekid

iraT nakraibmem akerem aggnihes halasam kaynab ulalret hadus

.aynpudih nahilip nakutnenem kutnu

kopmolek haubes nagned gnubagreb iraT ecnad hadus gnay

tagnas iraT .malam bulk haubes id isignem gnires pukuc

iagabes aynnaajrekep itamkinem recnad 05 nakirebmem ulales aI .

nikames aynautgnaro nigni iraT .aynubi adap iranem lisah gnau %

agabes ayngnukudnem i recnad awhab nakitkubmem ai akam

tapad aynarikes gnay utauses naklisahgnem aguj aynnaajrekep

.utnabmem

gnarakes laisos sutats nad laisos nagnabmekreP .e

.pudih sinam tihap pacecnem pukuc hadus ai ,iraT turuneM

ed amasreb ayniulalid halet gnay lah kaynaB namet nagn - namet

itamkinem hibel iraT numaN .ini taas iapmas nakhab licek asames

hasik - tagni utigeb kadit iraT .aynnagnasap amasreb aynatnic hasik

pukuc aynlicek asam aynigab anerak aynlicek asam nagned

laggnit aynagraulek uti taas adaP .kases ayntaubmem amasreb


84

nagned akus utigeb kadit gnay aynhaya irad ubi utiay aynkenen

.iraT ialum ai ,PMS lawa akitek tagnignem hisam iraT numaN

.iobmot nalipmanepreb gnay aynnaupmerep salek kakak iakuynem

apnat aggnih nakgnaujrep nad naknahatrep ai uti akus asaR

.amas gnay naasarep ikilimem tubesret salek kakak akgnasid

nasala anerak uggnim aparebeb nahatreb aynah akerem nagnubuH

tubesret aynsalek kakak asarem iraT .iraT kahip irad nanasobek

ialum abocnem ai uti kajnemeS .aynitah id ”tegerg“ gnaruk

gned naracapreb ikal namet na - nahatreb aynah aguj gnay aynikal

nakub sinej amases iakuynem ,utigeb ualaW .gnugaj rumues

hairulan ini lah aynigab anerak uti taas aynnahilip nakapurem

nagned apais iakuynem surah hilimem kadit aI .aynadap idajret

anerak apa lauskes isatneiro adap hutaj ulales aynakus naasarep

imalagnem kadit ai ,aynlicek asam adap asarem iraT .sinej amases

lah - amases iakuynem idajnem ai nakbabeynem gnay sitamuart lah

.sinej

adap idajret aynlauskes isatneiro nagned natiakreb nahiliP

nas kited paiteS .AMS asam iraT ,AMS iD .aynkutnu itrareb tag

naasarep kalonem ahasureb kadit aI .atinaw adap kiratret nikames

.aynnakasarid gnay atnic hutaj naasarep itamkinem ai anerak uti

iagbes narepreb hibel ai ,aynnagnubuh malaD emmef . numaN

radaynem ani ,aynpudih sesorp malad gnaroes aguj ai awhab i

ordna emmef naupmerep nagned kiratret ai anerak .ninimef iraT


94

ikal namet nagned naracapreb hanrep - kadit asarem ai ipatet ikal

ai taubmem tapad gnay ,nakhariaggnem gnay narateg nakumenem

uh aynrihkA .hutu atinaw gnaroes idajnem asarem aynah uti nagnub

amases audek racap nagned umetreb ai ulaL .nalubes nalajreb

arik ipatet nalajreb uti nagnubuh amal apareb apul ai,aynsinej - arik

aguj gnay namet gnaroes tawel umetreb akereM .hibel nuhat 1

kutnu nakanugid asaib gnay halitsi haubes( ”koleb“ tubeynem

ai ,audek racap nagned sutup naksutumem haleteS .)lauskesomoh

bulk haubes id )idA ajas tubes( agitek racap nagned umetreb

naumetreP .ajas gnadnap udareb radekes aynah numan malam

tubesret naumetrep numan ,iraT namet sok haubesid halada audek

igal - halada idA ataynret anerak gnadnap uda radekes aynah igal

irebmep boj kopmolek recnad id halada agitek naumetreP .iraT

purg anerak igal malam bulk haubes ecnad tapadnem iraT boj

namet helo naklanekid takreB .anasid ecnad - nagnubuh akam ayn

tujnalreb akerem audreb akerem nupualaw nanametrep idajnem

nad nauculek anerak idA iakuynem iraT .nagnasap ikilimem hadus

nad kubam iraT ,lipmat haletes taas utaus iapmaS .idA nanerekek

awhab tagnignem tapad iraT ,kubam nupualaW .idA sok ek kajaid

kalem halet audreb akerem irah agiT .mitni nagnubuh naku

nagnasap idajnem ipuggnaynem iraT ,naidaj akerem naidumek

iraH .atrakaJ id adareb idA nagnasap anerak idA audek - irah

ek haggnis iraT nup halokes gnalup haletes ,amasreb iulal akerem


05

purem nad atrakaJ irad lasareb idA .idA sok gnaroes naka

idA sativitkA .ajgoJ id iregen satisrevinu haubes iwsisaham

.naipesek iraT taubmem supmak id sivitka gnaroes iagabes

akerem haletes uggnimes adap tahilret ialum idA nahabureP

gnaraj idajnem idA .naracap sms igal hanrep kat nakhab

raT hutneynem hisam ini nahaburep anerak agiruc ialum iraT .i

nakukalem apnaT .naracap ialum akerem utkaw irad lawa ulalret

inareb ialum idA .iraT naagirucek bawajnem utkaw,nupapa

namet gnaroes kajagnem ecnad naarsemreb akereM .sok ek iraT

alejnem ahasureb kadit idA nad nameT .iraT adap naks ecnad iraT

haletes apanek hatne numan ”surul“ gnay gnaroeses halada tubeset

.”koleb“ idajnem idA nagned taked

idA nagned taked gnay anerak itah tikas tagnas asarem iraT

purg utas malad namet halada ecnad hitalreb ulales naka gnay

eb .sutup naksutumem akerem ayntukireb uggnim auD .aynamasr

ulales aggnih aynitah tikas nakapulem asib muleb hisam iraT

hajaw tahilem ilak paiteS .aynkilim laisos gnirajej id tapmugnem

asib kadit numan haram tagnas asarem iraT ,tubesret aynnamet

kiserpskegnem purg malad isaler nad isautis agajnem anerak na

ecnad .tubesret ayn

nagned nalanekreb iraT,naidumek nalub utas hibel gnaruK

gnaroes ,azeR yhctub ,iraT turuneM .gnalegaM irad lasareb gnay

.kiranem pukuc nad nakgnaneynem gnay gnaro azeR


15

nakawarep ikilimem azeR ,uluhadret aynnagnasap nakgnidnabiD

nad licek hibel ecafybab ek gnatad naka azeR ,aynuggnim paiteS .

satinitur nakukalem naka akereM .iraT nagned umetreb kutnu ajgoJ

,nakam utiay ,nacnekreb akitek hisakek nagnasap nakukalid gnay

jreb nala - radekes nupuata ,atok gnililek nalaj lorbogn .hamur id

lah malad solop ulalret hisam azeR awhab tapadnepreb iraT

apa ada kadit azeR ,aynigaB .mitni nagnubuh nakukalem - aynapa

uti ,iraT igab numaN .aynuluhadret nagnasap ,idA gnidnabid

halasam halnakub nemtimok agajnem tapad audreb akerem amales

gnisam - asarem iraT ,tubesret nasolopek anerak nikgnuM .gnisam

iraT itra malad namA .azeR nagned nagnubuh nilajnem nama

aud nalajreB .aynitanaihkgnem naka kadit azeR awhab asarem

et gnaroes ,akerem nagnubuh uggnim taubmem tapmes iraT nam

idajnem azeR nagned aynnagnubuh taubmem aggnihes nauacakek

,azeR naitahrep naktapadnem ahasureb tubesret iraT nameT .nignid

gnay gnaro lakipit azeR .aynipaggnanem gnaruk azeR numan

kaynab taubmem aggnihes sinam nad naitahrep tagnas atinaw

akerem naidumek irah agit ,amal nalajreb kat uti naukakeK .kiratret

.nakkiabreb

iriC )6 - naidabirpek iric

aI .akubret nad luagreb gnanes gnay idabirp halada iraT

isaler aynigab anerak nial gnaro nagned isaler nilajnem gnanes


25

adnem kutnu tesa halada naktap .boj gnay idabirp nakapurem iraT

.narikip nabeb irad ai naksabebmem aggnihes iatnas nad lebiskelf

sisilanA .3

.a iriD naisasilautkagneP iroeT nakrasadreB

,sata id nakrapapid halet gnay isavresbo nad aracnawaw isi iraD

isasilautkA gnatnet iroet iauses iraT irid naisasilautkagnep arac naktapadid

( irid pesnoK nad irid o sahk tafis amiL aynhunepes isgnufreb gnay gnar

t atad irad sisilana tukireB .sregoR turunem .tubesre

laggnit tapmet nagnukgniL )1

tapmet nagnukgnil nagned irid nakisasilautkagnem tapad iraT

nakukalem upmam iraT awhab tahilret ini lah ,aynlaggnit tuo gnimoc

ini laH .aynlaggnit tapmet nagnukgnil irad rilosiret tukat asarem apnat

nep malad kusamret utiay sregoR iroet nagned iauses irid naisasilautkag

tapad gnay idabirp iagabeS .namalagnep adap akubret tapad idabirp

namalagnep amirenem tapad gnay gnaro halada aynhunepes isgnufreb

adap akubret upmam iraT ini lah malaD .lebiskelf nagned

es aynnamalagnep nupuam aggnatet adap akubret tapad ai aggnih

.aynlauskes isatneiro gnatnet agraulek

halokeS )2

namet nagned kiab nagned luagreb upmam iraT ,ulud aynhalokes iD -

ikal gnay kiab ,aynnamet - nameT .naupmerep nupuam ikal - aynnamet

raT lauskes isatneiro iuhategnem gnay ada namet aparebeb aggnihes i

,iraT igaB .tamroh kadit araces ibsel ayntubeynem nakhab ayniradnihgnem


35

muleb hisam gnaro aparebeb awhab uhat ai anerak asaib lah nakapurem uti

iroet nagned taukrepid ini laH .kiab nagned aynmuak amirenem tapad

iay sregoR :ut

akubret tapad surah idabirp irid nakisasilautkagnem mulebeS )a

irid pesnok malad kusam tubesret lah nad namalagnep adap

akam namalagnep adap akubret nagneD .fitisop naka ai

fitisop gnay kiab )lanoisome( isome kaynab imalagnem

.fitagen nupuam iraT taaS nakukalem tuo gnimoc akam ,

namet irad lucnum fitisop nupuam fitagen iskaer iagabreb

urug nakhab - irad isneukesnok nakapurem uti iskaeR .aynurug

gnatnet takaraysam amron raul id paggnaid gnay atilaer utaus

ides iraT taubmem tapmes fitagen iskaeR .lauskesomoh tik

nwod ulrep kadit ai akitek namayn hibel asarem iraT numan

.ini taas aynlauskes isatneiro naadaek padahret gnohobreb

alolegnem upmam iraT ,iridnes iraT iskaer irad tahiliD

naasarep - kadit nagned anihret nad ,awecek ,haram naasarep

tsed ukalirep nakukalem aynirid nakayahabmem gnay fitkur

.nial gnaro nupuam

)b akubret gnaro anamid laisnetsiske napudihek irad satilauK

ai aggnihes aynnamalagnep padahret nakumenem ulales

gnurednec nad habureb ulales nad ,urab gnay utauses

.ayntujnales namalagnep sata nopser iagabes irid nakiauseynem

,asaib itrepes patet gnay halokes id iraT satifitka irad tahilret inI


45

i aggnihes relukilukartske inalajnem ,luagreb ,rajaleb hisam a

iagabes ikilimid gnay isnetop isarolpskegnem asib patet

.hutu aisunam

satinumoK )3 recnad

aud ,naibsel nakapurem gnay aynsatinumok malad gnaro aud adA

nameT .iraT kusamret tubesret gnaro - tapad ini satinumok malad namet

gabes iraT naridahek amirenem kadit akereM .naibsel ia

nilpisid upmam aynatoggna paites amales tubesret lah nakhalasremem

adap uti taas aynracap naklanegnem ulales aguj iraT .utkaw

nad ,aynracap ,iraT aratna nagnubuh aggnihes aynsatinumok

d nalajnag aynada apnat akubret tapad satinumok gnisam ira - gnisam

idabirp utiay irid naisasilautkagnep iroet nagned iauses ini laH .kahip

halada irid nakisasilutkagnem asib gnay ialinem tapad natnops araces

nad irid isasilautka nakgnabmegnem gnay namalagnep aumes

nem gnay namalagnep aumes iradnihgnem .irid isasilautka tabmahg

nupuam racap nagned kiab nagnubuh agajnem nigni iraT ini lah malaD

iraT .natiakretek ikilimem nad gnabmies patet raga aynsatinumok

aynikilimid gnay satinumok nagned aynracap naktakednem abocnem

nubuh audek inalajnem malad aggnihes nad sarales tapad tubesret nag

.gnabmies

awhab irid isasilautka iroet nagned alup natiakreb ini atilaeR

k .namalagnep kacnup adap adareb kutnu aisunam nagnurednece

takgnit awhab itrareb kadit ini lakitrev gnay kacnumem isnedneT


55

akiabaid kigoloib gnay hawab nakgnabmekid urtsuj ipatet ajas utigeb n

ankam nakrakemem kutnu malad gnilap gnay aynisnetop malad -

.lautirips ankam iraT akam ini satinumok malad tabilret nagneD

gnay apa nakukalem ,aynikilimid gnay isnetop nakgnabmegnem

gnaroes iagabes aynnakipmiid ecnad r .aigahab aynirid taubmem ,

.a retkaraK nakrasadreB upmaM gnay idabirP nakisasilautkagneM

iriD

suret kutnu aynpudih malad nanigniek ikilimem iraT )1

gnadib malad aynisnetop nakgnabmegnem ecnad tapad iraT .

gabes aynlaisos nagnukgnil nagned luagreb gnay gnaroes ia

naadebrep amirenem nup aynnagnukgnil nad naibsel isatneiroreb

halebes ayngnadnamem gnay gnaro aparebeb tapadret nupualaw uti

7991(wolsaM iroet nagned taukrepid ini laH .atam ) retkarak awhab

s halas irid nakisasilautkagnem tapad gnay idabirp ikilimem aynuta

p ispesre kefe gnay tapad ai utiay ,fit aynirid nad ainud tahilem

.aynranebes gnay uti aynirid nad ainud anamiagabes iridnes

tapad gnay idabirp kusamret iraT utigeb nagneD

.irid nakisasilautkagnem

)2 idajnem aid rujuj nagneD ,iridnes aynirid narikip nakiserpskegnem

aynranebes gnay isome nad idabirp kitsiretkarak nakapurem ini nad

iraT .wolsaM turunem audek gnay irid nakisasilautkagnem gnay

ibutreb halasam irad tahilid tapad ini lah ,ini retkarak ikilimem -


65

agraulek halasam irad aynapminem ibut nakhab ,naatnicrep ,

,signanem ,kairetreb nagned aynnakisepskegnem aI .aynnaajrekep

nad nakpaulem upmam iraT .hamur irad igrep hanrep aggnih

adap aguj uti taas haram uata aigahab naasarep nakaratugnem

arep nakaratugnem tapad nup aI .natukgnasreb gnay gnaro naas

halada ini iserpske aumes irad naujuT .aynnagnasap adap atnic

naasarep nakisasilautkagnem tapad ai akitek anerak naaigahabek

nakhab ,nanamaynek ,naagelek ,ikilimid gnay isnetop nakhab

aynirid iukagnem ai rujuj nagneD .nakasarid gnay naaigahabek

agabes kadit aid awhab iukagnem ai alup rujuj nagned ,naibsel i

aynah emmef ordna halada ai ipatet emmef iatnicnem asib gnay

gnaroes yhctub nupuam emmef hibel aynirid malad nupualaw

awij isanimodid emmef .

sisetniS .4

iradaynem iraT .naibsel gnaroes nakapurem iraT PMS kajes ini lah

uti taas adaP .naupmerep amases nagned kiratret hibel asarem ai akitek

.iobmot uata ninimef naupmerep anam gnay nakadebmemem kadit ai

skes narep ianegnem isakifisalk ada muleb uti taas iraT irid malaD

s iuhatek ai gnay ,lauskesomoh malad iakuynem aI :aynah uti taa

.naupmerep

idajnem aynnahiliP .naibsel gnaroes iagabes irid amirenem iraT

idajnem nagned awhab narikimep alop utaus nakub naibsel gnaroes

.naitahrep idaj naka nad tabeh gnay lah utaus nakapurem adebreb


75

arem nad rikipreb ai numaN nakapurem naupmerep awhab nakas

kutnu rikipreb hanrep kadit aI .iatnicid satnap gnay hadni kulhkam

lah halada ini taas aynlauskes isatneiro aynigaB .skesoreteh idajnem

ai awhab iuhategnem aynautgnaro audeK .nakaigahabmem gnay

aynhaya numan ,naibsel gnaroes aynhayA .amirenem tapad kadit

gnay lah halada skesomoh gnaroes idajnem awhab nagnadnapreb

aynamirenem upmam nahalrep iraT ubI .nakijijnem nad nakulamem

nagnasap padahret nakusam nakirebmem aidesreb ubi nakhab -

nubi adap naklanekid ini amales gnay nagnasap .ay

nakub numaN .PMS kajes ini nagnubuh lanegnem ialum iraT

ai gnay ,naibsel idajnem kutnu hilimem hadus ai PMS akitek itrareb

nahilip kepsa apnat aynirid adap idajret hairulan ini lah uhat

iradaynem ialum ai ,AMS ikusamem akitek numaN .aynmaladid

hunepes nakirogatagnem ialum nad tubesret aynnaasarep gnatnet ayn

.naibsel iagabes iridnes aynirid tuo gnimoC id aynnakukalid gnay

lah numan ,aynhoomecnem namet aparebeb taubmem tapmes halokes

gnay akerem anerak iraT igab halasam idajnem kadit tubesret

h hoomecnem namet irad licek naigabes ayna - .aynnamet

isatneiro amirenem iraT aggnatet ,hamur aynnagnukgnil iD

iraT aggnatet aparebeB .uggnaggnem kadit amales aynlauskes

gnaroes halada ai awhab iuhategnem recnad isaiserpagnem akerem nad

treb ulales nagned tubesret lah ianegnem ayna ecnad asarem iraT .


85

id amiretid asarem idajnem ai anerak tubesret isidnok nagned namayn

.aynhamur nagnukgnil

ikal nagned nagnubuh nilajnem hanrep iraT - AMS asames ikal

aI numan amasreb akitek nakasar ai gnay itrepes hariag nakasarem kadit

nagnasap amasreb akitek itamkinem asarem aI .aynsinej amases

radekes aynah nupualaw aynnaibsel .lorbogn natapmesek uti akaM

.kiab nagned nakanugrep ai ulales aynnagnasap umetreb kutnu

nem iraT araces naibsel satinumok ikilimem kadit ai awhab ukag

gnay tapmet id nial namet nad namet utas lanegnem aynah aI .lamrof

nanametrep nalupmuk iagabes ayntubeynem akus hibel aI .adebreb

akerem paiteS .utnetret isiv nad isim iaynumem kadit akerem anerak

ukreb naibsel nagned isaler nilajnem nad niamreb satabes aynah lupm

naka ai aynasaib ,adebreb gnay atok id lipmat ai paiteS .nial

namet asarem aI .”koleb“ gnay nalanek utas laminim naktapadnem -

ada ilak utaus hanreP .aynpadahret kiab tagnas naibsel amases namet

s gnaroe yhctub aiv nagnubuhreb akerem ,iregen raul id laggnit gnay

layor tagnas ai nad iraT iakuynem tubesret gnarO .tenretni nad nopelet

.iraT kutnu gnau halmujes refsnarnem kutnu nakrawanem ulales aggnih

m nigni kadit iraT anerak kalonem ulales iraT numaN ,idub salab asare

gnaruk asarem aguj iraT uti gnipmas id gers anerak yhctub tubesret

.naktujnal ai kadit tubesret nagnubuh akaM .nuhat 43 rumureb hadus

gnaroes iagabes aynsatifitka itamkinem iraT recnad tapad ai anerak

p naktapadnem ,ayntakab isarolpkegnem umetreb nad ,nalisahgne


95

nikgnum kiabes kutnu ahasureb ai uti akaM .”aynmuak“ nagned

hitalreb ecnad arap naitahrep kiranem tapad nad riham nikames raga

yhctub .

sisongorP nad sisongaiD .B

sisongaiD .1

ad kimedaka nagnibmib magar malad kusam ini iraT susaK iraT .rirak n

ini taas naD .halokes kusam talet naasaibek anerak halokes irad nakraulekid

nakhutubmem iraT rirak lah malaD .aynhalokes naktujnalem kadit iraT

.tubesret takab isarolpkegnem patet raga nagnukud

oeses nakhutubmem iraT ,silunep naagud turuneM uam gnay gnar

asam kutnu lamrof nakididnep ayngnitnep gnatnet nagnadnap akubmem

iraT .iranem suret kutnu ayngnukudnem uam gnay atres kalek aynnaped

.ayngnukudnem kutnu itah hagnetes hisam aynagraulek kahip irad asarem

t ayniseforp nakhecelem nakhab aynhayA aynubi nakgnades,tubesre

.irid agajnem tapad iraT lasa sihtapa gnurednec

sisongorP .2

gnay nautnab kutneb nakarikremem silunep ,sata id sisongaid nakrasadreB

:utiay aynhalasam isatagnem malad iraT utnabmem kutnu nakujaid naka

names nakhutubmem iraT )1 .aynhalokes naksurenem uam kutnu tag

natakednep nagned gnilesnok nautnab nakirebmeM )2 rotcaF tiarT

gnilesnuoC nahilip nad kimedaka gnatnet naknaketid ini natakednep iulaleM .

.naibsel gnaroes iagabes aynirid isasilautka nagned nakisnavelerid gnay rirak


06

imalaid gnay halasam nakiaseleynem kutnu nautnab nairebmep malaD

sesorp tabmahgnep nad gnukudnep rotkaf ilagid ulrep akam iraT helo

laH .iraT isasilautka naujut naiapacnep - nad gnukudnem gnay lah

lada iraT isasilautka irad naujut iapacnem malad tabmahgnem :ha

gnukudneP )1

ikilimid gnay takaB )a

kiab gnay lanosrepretni naupmameK )b

silunep padahret naakubreteK )c

tabmahgneP )2

utauses nakgnapmaggnem ulalret gnay iraT tafiS )a

idajnem iraT nanigniek gnatnenem gnay aynhaya pakiS )b .recnad

C . aerT tnemt

nakujagnem abocnem silunep akam ,sisongaid nakrasadreB tnemtaert .

tnemtaerT nakiaseleynem iraT utnabmem kutnu isnerefer iagabes nakujaid ini

malaD .aynnatilusek tnemtaert natakednep ameks nakanuggnem ,ini tiarT

gnilesnuoC rotcaF lah malad iraT gnibmibmem malad utnabmem gnay

taubmem upmam iraT aggnihes rirak nad kimedaka tnirpeulb malad aynpudih

aynnaajrekep sugilakes iboh nakpatnamem upmam nad kimedaka gnadib

iagabes recnad .

naakubmeP I esaF

rolesnok nagned apmujreb ilesnoK .1

asabreb rolesnoK .2 - ilesnok nagned isab

aynhalasam nakaratugnem ilesnok nakhalisremem rolesnoK .3


16

halasam nasalejneP II esaF

malad idajret gnay naasarep nad narikip nakaratugnem ilesnoK

.aynirid

halasam sisilanA III esaF

. iraT .1

nad nauameK .a .hadner rajaleb naupmamek

aticreb nad iranem takab ikilimeM .b - idajnem atic recnad lanoiseforp

imugakid yhctub - yhctub .iridnes nalishgnep naktapadnem atres

.halokes solobmem gnires anerak halokes irad nakraulekiD .c

agrauleK .2

gnaruk iraT hayA .a naknignignem hibel nad iranem iraT gnukudnem

.igal halokesreb iraT

atic nagned sihtapa gnurednec iraT ubI .b - iraT lasa ,tubesret iraT atic

.irid agajnem tapad

rirak nad kimedakA .3

.nredom iraT nasuruj ikilimem gnay KMS id halokesreB .a

idajnem halada naknigniid gnay naajrekeP .b recnad .lanoiseforp

VI esaF

.anasid halokesreb iraT kutnu naknikgnumem naknigniid gnay nasuruJ .1

nakdujuwem tapad atres ayniranem takab nakgnabmegnem tapad iraT .2

atic - .aynatic


26

nanigniek nagned iauseS .3 .halokes patet iraT raga aynhaya

V esaF

.gnilesnok sesorp hurules nasakgnir nakirebmem rolesnoK .1

igal naksagenem kutnu ilesnok adap natapmesek nakirebemem rolesnoK .2

.aynnahilip

.nahugenep irebmem rolesnoK .3

.irihkaid gnilesnok sesorP .4


36

V BAB

NARAS NAD NALUPMISEK

nalupmiseK .A

namalagnep ikilimem iraT - .naibsel gnaroes iagabes namalagnep

rajaleb suret gnay aisunam iagabes aynnakgnabmekremem tubesret namalagneP

awhab sregoR iroet malad itrepeS .napudihek irad a utnabid naka irid isasilautk

kanak asam malad aynsusuhk rajaleb helo nad namalagnep helo ignalahid uata –

pudih nagnabmekrep nagned nalajes habureb naka irid isasilautkA .kanak

imalagnem naka gnaroeses )isneloda( utnetret aisu iapacnem akiteK .gnaroeses

ep sigolokisp ek sigoloisif irad irid isasilautka naresegr ,iraT adap idajret ini laH .

numan naitahrep naktapadnem kutnu iranem ai utnetret aisu adap akitek

gnamem gnay isnetop utaus naka nasaupek iagabes ayninikayid iranem gnarakes

.aynikilimid hadus

utkA uata isnetop lah malad kotapret aynah nakub ini lah malad isasila

iraT .naibsel gnaroes iagabes naasarep padahret isasilautka aguj numan ,takab

atak iulalem nagnasap padahret aynatnic naasarep nakisasilautkagnem upmam

kagnem tapad aguj aI .nataubrep nupuam kalojegreb gnay isome nakisasilaut

.tubesret aynnaasarep nakaratugnem nagned aynitah alad

nagnabmegnep kutnu isnerefer nakapurem nakujaid gnay nautnaB

isgnuf ikilimem ini iraT igab nagnibmib nanayaleP .nagnibmib nanayalep

M .nagnabmegnep nad naarahilemep aynkited paites ,kinu aynrasad adap aisuna

susak ikilimem gnay gnaroeses ini nautnab nagned nakparahiD .habureb asib


46

nad isnetop nakgnabmegnem nad arahilemem tapad iraT nagned apures

.fitisop araces ikilimid gnay naasarep

naraS .B

asatabretek anerak helO adap satabes aynah ini naitilenep ,itilenep n

igal nakgnabmekid tapad hisam ini naitileneP .naibsel gnaroes isasilautka

ini laH .halokes pukgnil malad naibsel isasilautka gnatnet naitilenep aynlasim

nay iwsis adap nakpadahid gnibmibmep urug akij nakulrepid ikilimem g

gnibmibmep urug gnaroes namahamep nad nauhategneP .naibsel nagnurednecek

awsis adap nakadnit nairebmep nad rikip alop kutnebmem ,lauskesomoh gnatnet

.tubesret nahalasamrep adap nakpadahid taas utaus akij iwsis nupuam


56

RATFAD AKATSUP

.M ,oytidA .1102 nad iduR adap susaK idutS lauskesomoH laisoS naiauseynePispirkS .okoJ .atrakaygoY )atide ni(

.anairT ,itaidhA .7002 naibseL sinimeF nakareG . .anacaW isaerK :atrakaygoY

.D ,enryB ;A R ,noraB .2002 1 dilij laisoS igolokisP . .aggnalrE :atrakaJ

.C J ,nameloC .2791 efiL nredoM dna ygolohcysP lamronbA . .ASU

.dlareG ,yeroC .9002 iparetokisP nad gnilesnoK ketkarP nad iroeT . TP :gnudnaB akifeR .amatidA

.H divaD ,wolraB ;V kraM ,dnaruD .7002 lamronbA igolokisP irasitnI .

rakaygoY : at .rajaleB akatsuP

.J ,tsieF ; .J G ,tsieF .8002 ytilanosreP fo tsiroehT Y . .rajaleP akatsuP :atrakaygo

.dnumgiS ,duerF .3002 skeS iroeT . .aledneJ :atrakaygoY

.hcirE ,mmorF .7002 ikairtaM nad ,satilauskeS ,atniC . .artusalaJ :atrakaygoY

.A ,nahcruF .2891 nakididneP malad naitileneP ratnagneP . ahasU :ayabaruS .lanoisaN

.rendraG ,yezdniL ;S C ,llaH .3991 iroeT - kimsinagrO( kitsiloH iroeT -

.)sigolonemoneF .susinaK :atrakaygoY

--------------------------------- . .3991 iroeT - )sinilK( kimanidokisP iroeT .aK :atrakaygoY .suisin

.4991 .P AT ,yraH naktakgninem kutnu kopmoleK ipareT nairebmeP satifitkefE

P iriD isasilautkA siseT .lauskesomoH kopmoleK ada )atide ni(.MGU igolokisP satlukaF :atrakaygoY

.ihduJ ,initnatsirK .1991 snoK gnatneT fitarolpskE idutS naibseL muaK iriD pe

halasaM naD - .ayniriD naiauseyneP malad lubmiT gnay halasaM siseT ni( nudnaB )atide .MGU igolokisP satlukaF :g

.T.S ,gnihcraM .0102 akennihB malad AGLI :ayabaruS .0102 ieM ,6 loV , .SOVIH

edeD ,omoteO . .3002 gnay adap arauS irebmeM usiB akasuP : atrakaygoY . .awraM


66

.enauD ,ztluhcS .1991 ledoM :nahubmutreP igolokisP – eS naidabirpeK ledoM tah . oY suisinaK :atrakayg

.niloC ,recnepS .4002 lauskesomoH harajeS . .anacaW isaerK :atrakaygoY

.3002 .rD .forP idraheoS ,tigiS ratnagneP nakididneP igolodoteM :atrakaygoY . .TSU EFPB

.namruT ,tiariS .7991 naidabirpeK iroeT 4 gnugA utseR :atrakaJ . )narudaS(

.4002 .S.M.M ,itutsaH & .S .W ,lekniW isnatsnI id gnilesnoK nad nagnibmiB

nakididneP .DSU :atrakaygoY .isiveR isidE

irad rebmuS :tenretnI

nagnapmiynep/40/0102/cc.oc.ainamigolokisp.www//:ptth - lmth.lauskes

aideM rebyC sapmoK ”!lauskesomoH“ .)3002 ,4 rebmeceD( .irasitnI

lauxesomoH/ikiw/gro.aidepikiw.ne//:ptth

moc .swenaviV .www


NARIPMAL


naaynatreP ratfaD

iriD isasilautkA

?adna lauskesomoh nagnabmekrep anamiagaB

?naibsel gnaroes iagabes adna irid naamirenep anamiagaB

?naibsel gnaroes iagabes pudih nanalajrep anamiagaB

mumU .A

- malad adna ihuragnemem naibsel iagabes adna naadaek hakapA

?irid nakisasilautkagnem

- ?irid nakisasilautkagnem adna sesorp malad aladnek ada apA

- d isasilautka nakukalem naibsel gnaroes iagabes adna anamiagaB i isome araces( ir

?naluagrep malad )isnetop nad

iridneS iriD .B

- B isnetop/takab iuhategnem adna anamiaga ?adna irid malad

- kumacekreb gnades gnay adna isome /naasarep nakrulaynem adna anamiagaB

?adna irid malad

- adna anamiagaB

iriD pesnoK .C

- ?takaraysam hagnet id adna irid ialinem adna anamiagaB

- kutnebmem gnay namalagnep utaus ikilimem adna apA padahret naialinep utaus

?adna irid

idabirp nasaupeK .D

- ?ini taas adna irid isatserp anamiagaB

- ?ini taas naktapad adna gnay lisah nad isnetop nagned saup adna apA

- gnay naibsel gnaroes iagabes adna nagnukgnil pakis nagned saup adna hakapA

?irid nakisasilautkagnem tapad


iraT nagned aracnawaW *

itileneP :P

kejbuS :S

abrev non nupuam labrev araces isamrofni kaynab tapadret aracnawaw sesorp malaD* gnay l

.KB kitE edok nagned natiakreb anerak nakmutnacid tapad kadit

nad akubret aracnawaw ilak aud irad iridret gnay ilak amil kaynabes nakukalid naumetreP*

.isavresbo ilak agit

gnuluwgnirP oskaB gnuraW id I aracnawaW

0102 sutsugA 1

00.31 lukup - BIW 03.41

anamiagaB :P .1 umhalokes harajes ?

lokesreb ayas ,DS kajeS :S .2 nakraulekid hanrep ayas ,aud salek PMS utkaweS .iregen id ha

nagned iregen halokes id nakhadnipid ayas ulaL .solobmem anerak halokes irad

gnaro irad tatek nasawagnep .halokes nad aut aynidaJ aggn igal solob natapmesek ada

hed ,aguj iregen id aynAMS ..ehheh… ,aud salek nakianek ini niramek iapmas he

niraulekid .igal

?nakraulekid umak nasala apA :P .3

K :S .4 igrep gnamem ayas anerak PMS gnay uala neam ,halokes raul id namet aparebeb amas

gnay ualak gnalup paites anerak AMS bojegn hasus aynidaj ,naaud maj igap ulales

.igap nugnab

.5 ?apa nataigek malad fitka gnarakes ulaL :P

:S .6 ecnad tsuj .

:P .7 ?ini amales natahesek anamiagaB

kiab nataheseK :S .8 - .ajas kiab

?agraulek nanusuS :P .9

.araduasreb agit irad amatrep kana ayaS :S .01

?asgnab ukuS :P .11

.awaJ ubi nad gnupmaL haya ,awaJ :S .21

?umautgnaro rumu apareB :P .31

.34 ubi nad 54 hayA :S .41


kida nad umaut gnaro natahesek anamiagaB :P .51 - ?umkida

kiab ini huajeS :S .61 - .ajas kiab

:P .71 ?agraulek nakididnep tayawiR

yA :S .81 hisam audek gnay nad AMS 1 salek ayas amatrep kida ,AMS nasulul ubi nad ha

.nuhat 3 rumu

:P .91 ?takaraysam malad agraulek narep anamiagaB

ulek ,ada kadit :S .02 ar utnet kadit gnay maptas gnaroes haya anerak asaib agraw imak ag

id ajrekeb ubi nad hamur id ada ulales yrdnual . gnay aguj ada ayas aggnatet ipaT

aynirajagnem kutnu ayas atnimem ecnad .

.12 agraulek malad amagA :P ?

:S .22 .milsum aumeS

:P .32 nubuh anamiagaB ?takaraysam nagned umnag

.kiaB :S .42

?autgnaro amasreb laggnit umaK :P .52

ayas niramek nalubes ,ayI :S .62 nedamon .taggnim ayaS . ayas uti taaS etreb haya nagned um

kitoksid haubes id ayaS .gnalegaM nalaJ nasawak id amet amasreb gnades n- namet

ynnial nanib hayA .a kamem ulal as aya anerak gnalup ayas akus kadit h ned luagreb nag

namet - ayas ipat nanib namet aggn ulal uam m rajek awitsirep idajret gnay rajegne

haya nakukalid amas ayas . numan hamur taked italM haread id pakgnatret ayas ulaL

m gnusgnal kadit haya ayas awabme abmem aid ipatet gnalup ayas aw es ek gnudeg haub

ayaS .ulud aynrotnak sakeb id aid nad kusam askap atakreb ialum - rasak atak gnatnet

ayas nahilip naibsel gnaroes iagabes aynnaped id sitpirts iranem ayas atnimem nakhab

ayas ahL .aguj uti taas reb anerak nareh atnimem ina utig kayak s , nikay ayas lahadap

aid olak aggn igal ayas .uti taas kubam daken pmes gnay ragap tajnamem nad iral ta

idat kusam imak akitek aynhaya icnukid . ayaS up hilim nad iral nad hamur ek gnal

uat hisagn bi mas ayas haleteS .u ubi atnim nad hamur naped id iap niakubm ,utnip

tnip ataynret ubi idaj haya amas raul irad icnukid u aggn malad irad akubmem asib .

ayas aynrihkA aud amaleS .aguj uti malam hamur naklaggninem hilimem hibel nalub

ulales ayas hadnip - rad panignem tapmet hadnip i .nial gnay namet ek namet utas

T re .amuart aynlaos askap aggN ualak itah kane surah nitopergn met na - namet adaP .

ka ubi ajrek tapmet id rudit ilim ayas aynrih aynmulebes gnay utkaw aparebeb amales


atnim hadu iji atirec ayaS .yrdnual kilimep adap n naidajek ipat ubi amas uti malam ubi

aggn nad ayacrep m ayaS .haya amas ayacrep hili mulkam his turunem anerak ubi ,ayas

amuc iridnes aynnaasarep ignohobmem ahasureb .ayas amas halasreb asar iputunem nad

gnires hayA niukalrem ayas mroh kadit nagned kayak ,atinaw gnaroes iagabes ta muiyn

rehel iapmas gnagem nadab ayas sap .rudit ipat rads ayaS amuc aynkacnup nad maid ay

.niramek ripmah hamur irad taggniM hadnipreb ai ,uggnim aud - ek sok utas irad hadnip

namet nial sok - asaret hamur anasauS .aynnamet ,hamur id iapmas ai akitek asaib

.asaib itrepes nalajreb satifitka

.roL gnugoP ,labmaS laisepS gnuraW id II aracnawaW

0102 rebmetpeS 21

00.81 lukuP - BIW 00.02

.1 umrumu apareB :P ?gnarakes

4991 rebmeseD 72 laggnat rihal ayas ,nuhat 71 ayas rumU :S .2

.3 umisatserp anamiagaB :P ?ini taas halokes id halokes

.sugab gnaruk ayas ialin kimedaka araces anerak isatserpreb gnay iwsis nakub ayaS :S .4

aguj ayaS ,ini AMS id naD .kurub ayas ialin anerak halokes irad nakraulekid hanrep

halokes irad nakraulekid ayas .solobmem anerak

umak nakbabeynem gnay apA :P .5 ?solobmem gnires

gnaroes iagabes ayas naajrekep anerak ipat ,solobmem kutnu tainreb hanrep kadit ayaS :S .6

recnad .igap nugnab kutnu tilus ayas taubmem ,irah igap gnalup ulales gnay

hakapA :P.7 anerak nem umak akam umnaajrekep halada ira hilimem hibel iranem

eb nakgnidnabid umturunem anamiagaB ?halokesr ?

anerak aynah ,aguj kadiT :S .8 namet nagned umetreb anerak gnanes asarem ayas iranem -

arap umetreb tapad ayas aguj nad ayas namet .yhctub

hakapA :P .9 namet - uhategnem halokes id adna namet i umak awhab ?naibsel gnaroes

yas ,”koleb“ gnay aguj ayas namet adA .utneT :S.01 a .imam aynliggnamem

agaB :P .11 namet napaggnat anami - umnamet ?naibsel gnaroes adna awhab

b aynlawA :S .21 t ,hoomecnem gnay kaynab apare ikal namet amature - asam ayas ipaT .ikal

s pudih ini ,hodob a ,ay kA .akerem nagned ayniludep apa ialum aguj akerem aynrih

.ayas urug nakab ,gok asaib


umuruG :P .31 uhategnem i ?ayn

,ayI :S .41 .suires nagned aynipaggnanem urug aparebeb

?suireS :P .51

aparebeb ipaT .ayas patanem akitek adebreb akerem napatat tahilem ayas gnadak ,ayI :S .61

.aynnatailek hodob asam nial gnay urug

umaka apA :P .71 umak nasala awhab agudnem hanrep raulekid umak anerak nakub nak

umak anerak ipatet ,solobmem ?naibsel gnaroes

1 .solobmem gnires ayas anerak ilakes nikay ayas ,kadiT :S .8

al ,halkiaB :P .91 iagab ul umracap nagned umnagnubuh anam ?gnarakes

M gnaro ,urab aynup ayaS :S .02 adap naklanek ayas aiD .uggnim 2 uraB !hol pekaC .gnalega

namet aumes ecnad at aid raib …aaY .ayas asib nad ayas naluagrep anamiagab uh

gnubmayn kajaid ualak hal lorbogn .

.12 umak aynitrepeS :P ?ay ayniakuynem tagnas

FG ,naiR is tabeH .solop tagnas aid ayngnayas ipat kiranem tagnas aid ,utneT :S .22

( )dneirflrig .ulud gnay uk

?naitra malad tabeH :P .32

2 :S .4 aynskesegn kajaid kane gnarakes gnay halnayamul ipaT .tauk hibel lorbogn uhat ,

kajaid kane aiD .tewerec nak ayas ualak iridnes .tahruc

…O :P .52 j asib aid idaj namet ida tahruc …ay

ayas gnires gnay namet gnaro 1 ada aynranebes …mmmM :S .62 nitahruc …

?aguj ”koleb“ aid apA :P .72

..kane hibel aid anerak ipat ajas apais adap akubret ayas aynranebes ,ayi nalutebeK :S .82

…hed nasuretek..ay

?anamiagab kanE :P .92

t uaM :S .03 e kair - iramek anasek gnomogn uam ,kek kairet aggn patet id ,kek gnubmayn

uam egned nir nak gnaro gnadaK . gnaro aggn uam niregned gnay gnaro aggn

gnubmayn kayak .ayas

:P .13 namet nagned anamiagaB - namet ecnad umak hakapA ? hanrep tahruc ?akerem nagned

ayas aynilakeS !aid uti haN :S .23 tahruc idaj halam gnarakes aid he ,ayas namet nagned

s racap nahukgniles a idaJ .uti ulud gnay ay selam .

namet hakapa :P .33 - namet ecnad um ?”koleb“ aguj


,gok aparebeb aynaH :S .43 ayas ualak …halokes akerem ipat aggn nak atiK …eheheh …

,golokisp nakub iranep uti aumes nakub ,iran aynasib ay idaj niregned koseB .gnaro

uam imak !hol mrofrep ?tuki uam umaK

ay aguj gnires umak,heloB :P .53 bojegn ?

ayas ay gnenes ayaS .halnayamul ,aY :S .63 ninalaj ualaK . iran hadu aynasar !gnolp ialuM .

koseb aynkayak ini nalubes aynkokop ,ilaB ek ayas nalaj umak idaJ .suret aggn asib

utkawes - .umetek utkaw

umak aynitrepeS :P .73 …ay aynitamkinem

iranem ayas ulud ,utneT :S .83 amuc ayas gnarakes ipaT .licek kana halasaib ,tahilid nigni

gnenes ualak iran hadu aynnarayab lahadaP . tikid amuc s %05 , a ,ayas ubi nakireb ay

b nayamul ileb tau osniR .

:P .93 nakisasilautkagnem malad umihuragnemem naibsel iagabes umnaadaek hakapa ipaT

?irid

gnanes ayaS .ayas gnatnet gnaro nagnadnap nagned iludep ulalret kadit ayas ,kadiT :S .04

.inalaj ayas akam iranem

kagnem malad aladnek ada apA :P .14 ?irid nakisasilaut

namet amasreb lupmukreb kutnu ayaib iracnem gnugnib ayas gnadak ,ayaiB :S .24 - namet

ecnad nikgnum akerem anerak ayas irayabmem ulales itah kib akerem ayngnutnu ipat ,

.ayas naadaek gnatnet uhat kaynab tikides

.34 gnem umarac anamiagaB :P ?umirid malad ada gnay isnetop uata isome nakisasilautka

isome ualak …mmmM :S .44 his uam ,atirec ulales ayas husim ay aja husim ubret ayaS . ka

ilakes gok .iran ,idat uti ay isnetop ualaK .signan ay signan ,haram ay haram ualak ,

uhat umak anamiagaB :P .54 ?umirid malad ada gnay takab

akus anerak ay …iran akus licek utkaw his aynlawA :S .64 aja gnarakes ipat ,gnaro ijupid

ayas asargn olak saup hadu tapad igalapa iran tiud .

anamiagaB :P .74 ?umak isnetop nad isome nakrulaynem umarac

:S .84 !haltahruc Ma ret u kai - nak kairet irulayn hadu ?nak n ayI ?aggn ayas ,isnetop ualaK

purg tuki ecnad .ini gnarakes

.94 ?takaraysam hagnet id umirid ialinem umak anamiagaB :P

:S .05 kiaB - ayas ,ajas kiab aggn hanrep asarem hanrep nikib ayas nagnukgnil id halasam

ipaT .gok ggn a kiab ini huajeS .ayas ialinem akerem anamiagab aguj uhat - ajas kiab


amas gnay malam bulk iranep nad ibsel ayas uhat akerem nupualaw - ialin aynup amas

.takaraysam id sunim

apA :P .15 padahret naialinep utaus utnebmem gnay namalagnep utaus ikilimem umak

id ?umir

aggnatet ,adA :S .25 - ilakes akus nak ayas aggnatet lorbogn id hamur naped nalaj riggnip

ratnaid ayas tahilem akerem ilakes gnires nad imak yhctub adebreb gnay - .adeb

agudnem akerem nikgnum aynlawA - akerem irad utas halas ilak utaus aggnih ,agud

aguj akerem aynirah nakoseek ipaT .”koleb“ ayas awhab ajas bawaj ayas ay ,aynatreb

kiab - irajaid atnim akerem irad aparebeb nakhab ,ajas kiab ecnadegn kadit ayaS .

akerem ualak pakgnanem ut arup - kiab arup . ada gnamem ayas akij asarem ayas ay idaj

uj aynanug .akerem kutnu ag

.35 ?gnarakes umisatserp anamiagaB :P

isatserp itsap gnaY :S .45 ecnad ,gnuggnam kutnu tapmet aparebeb ek gnadnuid imaK ?ay

.ilaB id aynhotnoc

,isome nakrulaynem isnetoP ?ini taas umak isnetop nagned saup umak apA :P .55

kab nakgnabmegnem .naibsel gnaroes iagabes isnetop nakhab ,ta

gnay nagnasap nad gnau kaynab naktapadnem nigni hisam ayas ipat ,saup ini huajeS :S .65

raneb - ,nial tapmet id gnuggnam ulak ilakes ganes ayas aynakaM.ayas kutnu raneb

gnadak yhctub umen atebeg taub nayamul ,urab .n

gnay naibsel gnaroes iagabes adna nagnukgnil pakis nagned saup umak apA :P .75

?irid nakisasilautkagnem tapad

.85 nakkujnunem nigni aynah ayaS .ayas uggnaggnem kadit akerem ini huajes anerak ,sauP :S

gnay lah nakukalem upmam nupnaibsel gnaroes awhab eb .anugr


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