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AYADUB NAD NANIPMIMEPEK KITSIRETKARAK HURAGNEP

NAWAYRAK AJRENIK PADAHRET ISASINAGRO

lutnaB nahisaK ayaduB raggnaS utaB nanijareK naahasureP adap susaK idutS

atrakaygoY

ISPIRKS

tarayS utaS halaS ihunemeM kutnu nakujaiD imonokE anajraS raleG helorepmeM

nemejanaM idutS margorP

:helO

nawaiteS ykgnoY odnanreF 340412270 :MIN

NEMEJANAM NASURUJ NEMEJANAM IDUTS MARGORP

IMONOKE SATLUKAF

AMRAHD ATANAS SATISREVINU

ATRAKAYGOY

3102




atrakaygoY

ISPIRKS



:helO



IMONOKE SATLUKAF


ATRAKAYGOY

3102




atrakaygoY

ISPIRKS



:helO



IMONOKE SATLUKAF


ATRAKAYGOY

3102

PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJIPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

i

NAD NANIPMIMEPEK KITSIRETKARAK HURAGNEP UB AYAD

AJRENIK PADAHRET ISASINAGRO NAWAYRAK

idutS adap susaK naahasureP lutnaB nahisaK ayaduB raggnaS utaB nanijareK

atrakaygoY

ISPIRKS



:helO



IMONOKE SATLUKAF


ATRAKAYGOY

3102

i




atrakaygoY

ISPIRKS



:helO



IMONOKE SATLUKAF


ATRAKAYGOY

3102

i




atrakaygoY

ISPIRKS



:helO



IMONOKE SATLUKAF


ATRAKAYGOY

3102


ii


iii


vi

NAHABMESREP NAD OTTOM

adnA taubmem natikaseK .anaskajib adnA taubmem narikiP .rikipreb .pudih malad nahatreb asib atik taubmem naanaskajibeK

)kcirttaP nhoJ(

.itregnem halas adapirad tikides itregnem kiab hibeL

)ecnarF .A(

halnahaburep ipateT .udrem gnay atak nakapurem naujameKp nad aynkareggnep .husum kaynab iaynupmem nahabure

)ydenneK .F treboR(

irad isatagnem nad itawelem kutnu naupmamek halada nalisahrebeK .tagnames nagnalihek apnat ayntukireb nalagagek ek nalagagek utas

)llihcuhC notsniW(

kaut gnaro audek kutnu nakhabmesrepuk ini ispirkS u”umtagnirek nad ,nagnukud ,aod takreb ini aumeS“


v

AMRAHD ATANAS SATISREVINU IMONOKE SATLUKAF

NEMEJANAM NASURUJ - NEMEJANAM IDUTS MARGORP

SILUT AYRAK NAILSAEK NAATAYNREP

awhab nakataynem ayas ,ini hawab id nagnat adnatreb gnaY nagned ispirkS:luduj


NAWAYRAK AJRENIK PADAHRET ISASINAGRO lutnaB nahisaK ayaduB raggnaS utaB nanijareK naahasureP adap susaK idutS

atrakaygoY

id naD a u nakuj 3102 iraurbeF 82 laggnat adap ijuid kutn ayas ayrak lisah halada .

ini ispirks malad awhab aynhuggnuses nagned nakataynem ayas ,ini nagneD libma ayas gnay nial gnaro nasilut naigabes uata nahurulesek tapadret kadit

urinem uata ,nilaynem arac nagned lobmys uata tamilak naiakgnar kutneb malad gnay nial silunep irad narikimep uata tapadnep uata nasagag nakkujnunem gnay

uka ayas i haloes - naigab tapadret kadit uata nad ,iridnes ayas nasilut iagabes halorit ayas ,nilas ayas gnay nasilut nahurulesek uata nasilut irad libma ayas uata ,u

adap )isnerefer malad naktubesid( naukagnep nakirebmem apnat nial gnaro.aynilsa silunep

tubesret nakadnit nakukalem ataynret ayas awhab itkubret irah naidumekid aliB

id ini ispirks utiay isknas amirenem aidesreb ayas akam raleg nad nakrugug naruta nagned iauses sesorpid atres naklatabid ).E.S( helorep ayas gnay kimedaka

gnadnurep - lasap nad 52 lasap ,3002 nuhaT 02 .oN UU( ukalreb gnay nagnadnu.)07

,atrakaygoY teraM 4 3102 ,naataynrep taubmem gnaY

nawaiteS ykgnoY odnanreF


iv

NAUJUTESREP NAATAYNREP RABMEL KIMEDAKA NAGNITNEPEK KUTNU HAIMLI AYRAK ISAKILBUP

:amrahD atanaS satisrevinU awsisaham ayas ,ini hawab id nagnat adnatreb gnaY

amaN : nawaiteS ykgnoY odnanreF

awsisahaM romoN 0412270 : 34

adapek nakirebmem ayas ,nauhategnep umli nagnabmekrep nagnitnepek imeD ludujreb gnay ayas haimli ayrak amrahD atanaS satisrevinU naakatsuprep

“ NAD NANIPMIMEPEK KITSIRETKARAK HURAGNEP UB AYAD ISASINAGRO NAWAYRAK AJRENIK PADAHRET adap susaK idutS .

atrakaygoY lutnaB nahisaK ayaduB raggnaS utaB nanijareK naahasureP atreseb ” adapek nakirebmem ayas naikimed nagneD .)ada alib( nakulrepid gnay takgnarep kutneb malad nakhilagnem ,napmiynem kutnu kah amrahD atanaS naakatsuprep

,nial aidem uata tenretniid aynnakisubirtsidnem ,atad nalakgnap malad alolegnem nupuam ayas irad niji atnimem apnat simedaka nagnitnepek kutnu nial aidem iagabes ayas aman nakmutnacnem hisam amales ayas adapek itlayor nakirebmem

.silunep gnay ini naataynrep naikimeD .aynranebes nagned taub ayas

atrakaygoY id taubiD

laggnat adaP teraM 4 3102 nakataynem gnaY



iiv

KARTSBA




atrakaygoY

nawaiteS ykgnoY odnanreF amrahD atanaS satisrevinU

atrakaygoY 102 3

naujutreb aynlawa ini naitileneP huragnep iuhategnem kutnu araces nad amasrebiridnes - isasinagrO ayaduB nad nanipmimepeK kitsiretkaraK aratna iridnes

nawayraK ajreniK padahret ayaduB raggnaS utab nanijarek naahasurep adaplutnaB . adnagreb reinil iserger nakanuggnem atad sisilanA naitilenep ataD .

nad nanipmimepeK kitsiretkaraK renoiseuk nakigabmem nagned helorepid renoiseuk nakigabmem nad ,nahawab nawayrak 57 adapek isasinagrO ayaduB

ialinem kutnu nasata kahip adap nawayraK ajreniK gnay nawayrak paitesrenoiseuk 57 halmujreb . sisilanaid nad atad nalupmugnep nakukalid haleteS

laH .nakukalid tapad kadit adnagreb reinil iserger awhab lisah helorepid ataynretiserger kutnu nataraysrep iju adap sisilana lisah anerak nakbabesid ini reinil

iju tapadret adnagreb iju nad iserger sirag satiraenil iju utiay ihunepret kadit gnay.satiraenilokitlum

naD .anahredes reinil iserger utiay urab iserger sisilana taubid ayntujnaleS aynada nagned gnukudid ab akatsup naijak nem silunep anamid ur nakume

retil ruta - rutaretil awhab nakatagnem gnay idajret tapad isasinagro ayadubnipmimep helo nakatpicid rutid uata ayniridnep tafaslif irad naknu ayadub nad ,

ajrekeb malad gnaroeses ajrenik naktakgninem kutnu gnitnep rotkaf idajnem . nagned sisilana nakukalid naidumeK nakanuggnem iserger reinil ,anahredes nad

id haletes sisilana nakukal ,raneb ataynret tapadret ini naahasurep id huragnep aratna nakifingis gnay etkaraK nanipmimepeK kitsir .isasinagrO ayaduB padahret


iiiv

TCARTSBA

ECNEULFNI EHT DNA SCITSIRETCARAHC PIHSREDAEL FO NOITAZINAGRO LARUTLUC OT ECNAMROFREP EEYOLPME

stfarC enotS no ydutS esaC fo ynapmoC lutnaB nahisaK ayaduB raggnaSatrakaygoY

nawaiteS ykgnoY odnanreF amrahD atanaS satisrevinU

atrakaygoY 102 3

eht yllaitinI yduts si eht etagitsevni ot demia ecneulfni pihsredaeL foerutluC lanoitazinagrO dna scitsiretcarahC htob , ylsuoenatlumis dna yllaitrap , ot

no ecnamrofreP eeyolpmE eht stfarC enotS fo ynapmoC ayaduB raggnaS atad eht fo sisylanA .atrakaygoY lutnaB nahisaK u fo tset lacitsitats a ses

elpitlum - seriannoitseuq gnitubirtsid yb deniatbo erew ataD .noisserger raenil fo 57 ot noitazinagrO larutluC dna scitsiretcarahC pihsredaeL rewol - level

seriannoitseuq gnitubirtsid dna ,seeyolpme fo ecnamrofreP eeyolpmE ot reppu -el seeyolpme lev ni ssessa gni ohw eeyolpme hcae derewsna eht eriannoitseuq 57

ralucitrap ni retfA . eht fo gnizylana dna gnitcelloc atad ti , saw taht dedulcnoc eht fo tset lacitsitats enod eb tonnac noisserger raenil elpitlum ot eud

emos fo tnemhsilpmocnu stnemeriuqer tset sa hcus dna ytiraenil fo tset eht eht fo tset .ytiraenillocitlum

,htrofecneH wen a lacitsitats edam si sisylana noisserger a gnisu elpmis - raenil .noisserger ot gnirrefeR emos erutaretil tnecer ,s eb dluoc taht denoitnem saw ti

derucco na taht redael eht yb detaerc saw erutluc lanoitazinagro - fles devired ro dna ,rednuof sti fo yhposolihp eht morf lanoitazinagro eht erutluc ralucitrap ni si

ot rotcaf tnatropmi na evorpmi .ecnamrofreP eeyolpmE wen a gnitcudnoc retfAsylana atad lacitsitats elpmis fo si - a llew si ereht taht eurt si ti ,noisserger raenil

fo ecneulfni tnacifingis scitsiretcarahC pihsredaeL ot .erutluC lanoitazinagrO

sdrowyeK ecnamrofreP ,erutluC ,pihsredaeL :


xi

ATAK RATNAGNEP

adapek hisak amiret nad rukuys ijuP asE ahaM gnaY nahuT nad ainurak sata

ayNtamhar , nakiaseleynem tapad silunep aggnihes ispirks reb gnay luduj

“ isasinagrO ayaduB nagned nanipmimepeK nagnubuH sisilanA aynhuragneP nad

:nawayraK ajreniK padahret adap susaK idutS utaB nanijareK naahasureP

ggnaS .”atrakaygoY lutnaB nahisaK ayaduB ra eP nakujaid ini ispirks nasilun

tnu tarays utas halas ihunemem ku imonokE anajraS raleg helorepmem anug

amrahD atanaS satisrevinU imonokE satlukaF nemejanaM idutS margorP

.atrakaygoY

aynada apnat awhab iradaynem siluneP nagnibmib nad ,nagnukud ,nautnab

anerak helO .kiab nagned nakiaselesret naka kadit ini ispirks ,kahip iagabreb irad

nakiapmaynem susuhk araces nigni silunep ini natapmesek iulalem uti napacu

hisakamiret :adapek

.1 .iS.M ,ojdiraM yrreH .rD kapaB keD ukales , satisrevinU imonokE satlukaF na

.amrahD atanaS

.2 kapaB iS.M ,.ES ,otowruP sakuL .rD iduts margorP auteK ukales ,.

.amrahD atanaS satisrevinU nemejanaM

.3 kapaB A .srD . .M ,onoggnawirT S. halet gnay I gnibmibmeP nesoD ukales ,

rikip nad aganet ,utkaw nakgnaulem aidesreb nakirebmem kutnu na

nagnibmib naitahrep hunep nagned ,agrahreb tagnas gnay kitirk nad nakusam ,

nakiaselesret tapad ini ispirks aggnihes narabasek nad kiab nagned .


x

.4 kapaB D .sr ,.iS.M ,otnawreoP ardneH suirogerG gnibmibmeP nesoD ukales

kutnu narikip nad aganet ,utkaw nakgnaulem aidesreb halet gnay II

.nakiaselesret tapad ini ispirks aggnihes isavitom nad nagnibmib nakirebmem

.5 aB .S.M mutnaL uhaK xelA .srD kap P nesoD ukales , halet gnay ijugne

naradadnep ijugnem kutnu narikip nad ,aganet ,utkaw nakgnaulem aidesreb

kaynab hiarem sugilakes ini ispirks naknahatrepmem tapad ayas aggnihes

.urab umli

.6 erkes fats nad nesod huruleS tairat nad ikilimid gnay umli igabmem halet gnay

.kitsinamuh & kimedaka naluggnuek ikilimem raga awsisaham gnibmibmem

.7 utaB nanijareK naahasureP kilimeP nad nanipmiP ukales ,namiguS kapaB

kutnu aynutkaw nakgnaulem aidesreb halet gnay ayaduB raggnaS

nakirebmem nizi nakirebmem nad naahasurep gnatnet isamrofni alages

.naitilenep

.8 nawayrak huruleS ayaduB raggnaS nagned silunep utnabmem halet gnay

nakhutub silunep gnay atad ipakgnelem anug renoiseuk isignem . kabM kutnU

amiret ,anA nakgnaulem uam hadus kaynab hisak tikides adnunem nad utkaw

.naahasurep ek gnatad ayas ilak paites ayas ipaggnanem kutnu aynnaajrekep

.9 gnutaP araP - ggnaS utaB gnutap ukinamenem kanejes gnay ayaduB ra

uka taasid isanijamireb .naigapek gnatad

.01 uS suilimE kapaB ,atnicret ukaut gnarO audeK atedanreB ubI nad otnaig

,tahesan ,nagnukud ,aod ,gnayas hisak nakirebmem ulales gnay inayraduS

naaigahabek aneraK .ukkutnu nakirebid halet gnay aumes nad nanabrognep ,


ix

pudih ipadahgnem malad raget nad tauk gnay gnaro idajnem uka ,halnailak

.pudih ipakiynem malad asawed nikames uktaubmem aggnihes

.11 niviV anitnelaV ukkakaK s nad naitahrep nakirebmem halet gnay , ulale

,bawaj uka ulales kadit ipat ,”?ked aynispirks iaseles hadus” nakaynanem

numan uti naaynatrep ispirks nakajregnem kutnu uka gnorodnem tapad

.iaseles iapmas

.21 ,aicirtaP anaivlyS ukitah hisakeK menem aites ulales gnay irah ina - kiab ukirah

taas uak uaj taas nupuam h uak uktakedid ada , taas nupuam sinam taas kiab

tihap ukpudih aul ini nanalajreP . ais idajnem nakraib uk nakkat nad asaib r - .ais

.31 nameT - nad inamenem aites gnay amrahD atanaS nemejanaM namet

utnabmem aynsusuhk ,gnanaN ,suiluY ,nayrB ,ijA idiW saM ,iluwA kabM ,

.aggnaS sata hisakamireT tagnames ,nagnukud ,nakusam aras ,edi , nad n aguj

.aynnakeje kutnu namet naD - araces kiab aynnial amrahD atanaS namet

uata gnusgnal nup dit gnusgnal ka gnay nad nagnukud irebmem turut aguj

nautnab ayn .ispirks nakajregnem malad

.41 nameT - dnaB awsaN uknamet nevoN ,agoY( , )irT nad , akidajnem nailak n

ni pudih nakatneh nagned anrawreb hibel i murd , nanula draobyek , itep nak

nad nagniri ssab ratig nad araus atres , - nad nalayahk ,itah tikas ,aigahab araus

ugal malad gnautret gnay ipmim - .atik ugal nakirebmem upmam aumes utI

.ayrakreb itnehreb hanrep nagnaJ .ukigab adebreb gnay isavitom nad isaripsni

.51 nameT - ,idiW ,kirdneH ,idA : tsok namet k amiret namajnip sata kaynab hisa

naitilenep isakol ujunem natilusek itsap uka nailak apnaT .aynrotom adepes

.uti taas adap


iix

.61 utkaw inamenem gnaY - alakid ukutkaw nad tanep asarem uka serts nagned

/ napreteP :ispirks aynaman gnay ,ffaN ,ugnU ,haoN ugal ,21tS nad -l uga

.ukigab nagnanetek atres tagnames ,isaripsni irebmem kaynab nailak

.71 licek kajes uktirovaf alob kapes miT , CF SUTNEVUJ nailak nagnaujreP .

nignem upmam nagnapal sataid gnatnet uka isarips nad nagnaujrep haubes

nakurupretek irad tikgnaB .natikgnabek nad irad nahoomec ipadahgnem

kahip iagabreb ipaT .hadum kadit uti nad nakukalem upmam nailak

.aynitawelem !!sutnevuJ azroF

.81 nagned agomeS .ukigab tabahas nad urug ,sutsirK suseY adapeK

itah nakgnaneynem upmam ,ini ispirks aynnakiaselesret - .uM

.91 halet gnay ,utas rep utas naktubes ayas tapad kadit gnay kahip aumeS

nakiaselesret tapad ini ispirks aggnih silunep adapek nautnab nakirebmem

.racnal nad kiab nagned

anerak helo ,anrupmes irad huaj hisam ini ispirks awhab iradaynem siluneP

nas silunep uti imed nugnabmem gnay kitirk nad naras nakparahgnem tag

kahip aumes igab taafnamreb tapad ini ispirks agomeS .ini ispirks naanrupmesek .

,atrakaygoY teraM 4 102 3

siluneP



iiix

ISI RATFAD

LUDUJ NAMALAH ................................ ................................ ................................ i

GNIBMIBMEP NAUJUTESREP NAMALAH ................................ ..................... ii

NAHASEGNEP NAMALAH ................................ ................................ ................ iii

NAMALAH NAHABMESREP NAD OTTOM ................................ .................... vi

REP NAMALAH AYRAK NAILSAEK NAATAYN ................................ ........... v

NAMALAH ISAKILBUP NAUJUTESREP ................................ ........................ iv

KARTSBA ................................ ................................ ................................ ........... iv i

TCARTSBA ................................ ................................ ................................ ........... iiv i

RATNAGNEP ATAK NAMALAH ................................ ................................ ..... xi

NAMALAH ISI RATFAD ... ................................ ................................ ............... ix ii

LEBAT RATFAD NAMALAH ................................ ................................ .......... vx i

RABMAG RATFAD NAMALAH ................................ ................................ .... vx ii

NARIPMAL RATFAD NAMALAH ................................ ................................ ivx ii

NAULUHADNEP I BAB ................................ ................................ ...................... 1

A. gnakaleB rataL ................................ ................................ ............................ 1

B. R aM nasumu halas ................................ ................................ ....................... 4

C. halasaM nasatabmeP ................................ ................................ .................. 4

D. naitileneP naujuT ................................ ................................ ......................... 5

E. naitileneP taafnaM ................................ ................................ ....................... 6

F. nasiluneP akitametsiS ................................ ................................ .................. 7

AKATSUP NAIJAK II BAB ................................ ................................ ................. 8

.A iroeT nasadnaL ................................ ................................ ..................... 8

B eP . naitilen - aynmulebeS naitilenep ................................ ....................... 92

C . naitileneP lautpesnoK akgnareK ................................ .......................... 03

D . sisetopiH ................................ ................................ .............................. 13

III BAB M NAITILENEP EDOTE ................................ ................................ ........ 23


vix

A. naitileneP sineJ ................................ ................................ .................... 23

B. naitileneP keybO nad keybuS ................................ ............................... 23

C. naitileneP isakoL nad utkaW ................................ ................................ 23

D. naitileneP lebairaV ................................ ................................ ............... 33

E. lanoisarepO isinifeD ................................ ................................ ........... 33

F. lepmaS nad isalupoP ................................ ................................ ............ 83

G. lepmaS nalibmagneP kinkeT ................................ ................................ 93

H. ataD rebmuS ................................ ................................ ......................... 93

I. ataD nalupmugneP kinkeT ................................ ................................ .... 93

J . nemurtsnI naijugneP kinkeT ................................ ................................ . 14

K . ijU adnagreB reiniL isergeR nataraysreP ................................ ............. 24

L . ataD sisilanA kinkeT ................................ ................................ ............. 64

BAB NAAHASUREP MUMU NARABMAG VI ................................ ............... 84

.A naahasureP ayniridreB harajeS ................................ ............................ 84

.B naahasureP isakoL ................................ ................................ ............... 05

.C isasinagrO rutkurtS ................................ ................................ ............... 05

.D gnaneweW nad saguT ................................ ................................ .......... 15

ailanosreP .E ................................ ................................ .............................. 25

ajreK nad utkaW nilpisiD .F ................................ ................................ ...... 65

narasameP .G ................................ ................................ ............................. 75

.H nagnaueK ................................ ................................ .............................. 85

iskudorP lisaH .I ................................ ................................ ....................... 85

V BAB NASAHABMEP NAD ATAD SISILANA ................................ ............ 06

fitpirkseD sisilanA .A ................................ ................................ ............... 26

jU sisilanA .B satilibaileR nad satidilaV i ................................ ................. 56

.C lisaH adnagreB reiniL isergeR nataraysreP ijU ................................ .... 07

.D adnagreB reiniL isergeR nataraysreP ijU lisaH nasahabmeP .............. 67

uraB isergeR sisilanA .E ................................ ................................ ............ 87


vx

F . anahredeS isergeR neisifeoK ijU ................................ ......................... 08

nasahabmeP .G ................................ ................................ .......................... 18

NASATABRETEK NAD ,NARAS ,NALUPMISEK IV BAB ........................... 38

nalupmiseK .A ................................ ................................ .......................... 38

naraS .B ................................ ................................ ................................ .... 48

nasatabreteK .C ................................ ................................ ......................... 58

AKATSUP RATFAD ................................ ................................ ........................... 78

NARIPMAL ................................ ................................ ................................ ......... 09


ivx

LEBAT RATFAD

1.V lisaH ijU nanipmimepeK kitsiretkaraK lebairaV satidilaV ........................ 56

2.V ijU lisaH isasinagrO ayaduB lebairaV satidilaV ................................ ........ 66

3.V nawayraK ajreniK lebairaV satidilaV ijU lisaH ................................ ......... 66

4.V nanipmimepeK kitsiretkaraK lebairaV satilibaileR ijU lisaH ..................... 76

.V 5 isasinagrO ayaduB lebairaV satilibaileR ijU lisaH ................................ ..... 86

.V 6 nawayraK ajreniK lebairaV satilibaileR ijU lisaH ................................ ..... 96

7.V satilamroN ijU lisaH ................................ ................................ ................... 07

L ijU lisaH 8.V 1X *Y isergeR siraG satiraeni ................................ .................... 17

.V L ijU lisaH 9 2X *Y isergeR siraG satiraeni ................................ .................... 27

satiraeniL sisilanA lisaH nasakgniR 01.V aynnalupmiS nad isergeR siraG ......... 27

11.V satiraenilokitluM ijU lisaH ................................ ................................ ......... 37

.V 21 isalerokotuA ijU lisaH ................................ ................................ ................ 47

.V 13 nagned satisitsadeksoreteH ijU lisaH noitalerroC cirtemarapnoN .............. 57

1.V 4 satisitsadeksoreteH ijU lisaH nasakgniR ................................ ..................... 67

1.V 5 ijU lisaH anahredeS reiniL isergeR sisilanA ................................ .............. 97


iivx

RABMAG RATFAD

1.II isasinagrO ayaduB nakutnebmeP rabmaG ................................ ............. 32

naitileneP lautpesnoK akgnareK rabmaG 2.II ................................ ................. 03

1.VI rabmaG ayaduB raggnaS isasinagrO rutkurtS ................................ ........ 15

1.V rabmaG uraB lautpesnoK akgnareK ................................ ........................ 87


iiivx

RATFAD NARIPMAL

naripmaL namalaH luduJ

1 naripmaL naitileneP ataD isalubaT ................................ ............................... 09

2 naripmaL V ijU satilibaileR ijU nad satidila ................................ .................... 89

3 naripmaL adnagreB isergeR nataraysreP ijU ................................ ............... 501

aripmaL anahredeS isergeR ijU 4 n ................................ ................................ ... 311

5 naripmaL renoiseuK ................................ ................................ ..................... 511


1

I BAB

NAULUHADNEP

.A gnakaleB rataL

suret nakiabrep are ikusamem isasinagrO - gnay surenem

nalek g isasinagro naupmamek helo nakutnetid aynpudih nagnus

iradasid nikameS .aynaisunam ayad rebmus isnetop nakgnabmegnem

nawayrak awhab em n .isasinagro gnitnepret ayad rebmus idaj rebmuS

,isasinagro utaus malad raseb gnay nanarep iaynupmem aisunam ayad

.isasinagro naujut iapacnem kutnu amaturet ynek malaD a ,aynnaat

gnay nanipmimepek helo nakutnetid isasinagro utaus nalisahrebek

.uti isasinagro adap nakgnabmekid

isasinagro sativitkefE naujut nad ,isim ,isiv iapacnem malad

gro a nanipmimepeK .nipmimep nanarep irad sapelret kadit isasin

apnat anerak isasinagro nagnabmegnep gnuggnup gnalut nakapurem

,isasinagro naujut iapacnem kutnu tilus naka kiab gnay nanipmimepek

reb kutnu nakhab a isatpad malad id idajret gnades gnay nahaburep nagned

o raul id nupuam r nipmimep paites anerak nakbabesid ini laH .isasinag

padahret aynlasim ,aynnahawab padahret huragnep nakirebmem tapad

k ,ajrek nasaupek o nial nad ajrenik ,sativitkudorp ,nemtim - .nial

kaynab tutnunem gnay utkaw aynrilugreb nagned gnirieS

burep a maladid gnitnep tagnas idajnem isasinagro ayadub aynada ,nah

B .naahasurep utaus kutnu ulrep asarem ini taas isasinagro kayna


2

aynpudih nagnusgnalek nimajnem anug isnatsni adap ayadub habugnem

uata gnires ini laH .fititepmok hibel gnay taafnam helorepmem kutnu

igal kadit gnadak ada halet gnay ayadub awhab naataynek helo gnorodid

ek ikiabrepmem upmam a nakhutubid gnay itrepes gnatad asam naad

.isasinagro o ,idaJ b utaus nakmananem lisahreb gnay isasinagr u ajrek ayad

isasinagro isneisefe nad satifitkefe naktakgninem tapad naka kiab gnay

nagro ajrenik natakgninep adap kapmadreb naka aynitnan gnay i .isas

ek ucagnem isasinagro ayadub ,)982 : 6991( snibboR nehpetS

us a gna helo tunaid gnay amasreb ankam metsis ut nakadebmem gnay atog

naka nawayrak/atoggna paiteS .nial isasinagro nagned uti isasinagro

rpreb i nagnukgnilid ukalreb gnay isasinagro ayadub nagned iauses ukal

apmet t iauses kadit naahasurep/isasinagro ayadub alibapA .ajrekeb ayn

am ,nawayrak nanigniek nagned nanurunep imalagnem naka nawayrak ak

.ajrenik

surah kaltum nawayrak ajrenik awhab narikimep irad kalotreB

ayapu nakulrepid akam ,iggnit patet raga nakayapuid - kutnu ayapu

em m isasinagro ayadub nugnabmem nagned nawayrak ajrenik naktikgnab

tres kiab hibel gnay nakatpicnem tapad gnay nanipmimepek rotkaf a

.nakukalid kutnu ulrep tagnas fisudnok hibel gnay ajrek anasaus nagneD

k ,naikimed nanipmimepe ayadub nad gnitnep rotkaf idajnem tauk gnay

agro pudih nagnusgnalek igab nakatpicnem tapad nipmimep anamid isasin

ayadub tapad aggnihes nawayrak igab kiab gnay ajrek gnorodnem

ayniggnit ajrenik .naahasurep utaus kutnu kiratret silunep ,uti anerak helO


3

itilenem naahasurep id katelret gnay ayaduB raggnaS utab nanijarek

aB nahisaK lutn atrakaygoY , asadreb gnay helorepid gnay isamrofni nakr

ayaduB raggnaS padahret huragnepreb tagnas gnay nipmimep ikilimem

.tubesret nahasurep nalisahrebek nad naujamek

,naikimed nagneD ibmagnem kutnu kiratret silunep luduj l

“ MEPEK KITSIRETKARAK HURAGNEP AYADUB NAD NANIPMI

ISASINAGRO HRET A PAD ”NAWAYRAK AJRENIK susaK idutS

adap P naahasure B nanijareK lutnaB nahisaK ayaduB raggnaS uta

atrakaygoY .

.B halasaM nasumuR

silunep akam ,halasam gnakaleb ratal adap nakrasadreB

rem u : tukireb iagabes halasam naksum

.1 apA huragnep ada hak kitsiretkarak ek nipmimep ajrenik padahret na

?nawayrak

.2 padahret isasinagro ayadub huragnep ada hakapA rak ajrenik ?naway

.3 ayadub nad nanipmimepek kitsiretkarak huragnep ada hakapA

amasreb araces isasinagro - ayrak ajrenik padahret amas ?naw

.C halasaM nasataB

raga nahalasamrep isatabmem silunep ini naitilenep malaD

lenep i nakhadumem hibel aguj ,gnapmiynem nad saul ulalret kadit nait


4

ini naitilenep nakukalem malad itilenep nasataB . tubesret nahalasam

: nial aratna

.1 nanipmimepeK gnay itiletid nipmimep kitsiretkarak halada dabA id

IXX snahtuL turunem )675 : 2002 ( sata iridret gnay setavonnI

)urab gnay utauses nakatpicnem( nA ; lanigiro )nipmimep irad ilsa( ;

spoleveD ;)nakgnabmegnem( elpoep no sesucoF adap isartnesnokret(

)aisunam ipsnI ; tsurt ser )ayacrep asar nakpudihgnem( egnargnoL ;

evitcepsrep ;)gnajnap akgnaj fitkepserp ikilimem( yhw dna tahw sksA

;)apagnem nad apa nakaynanem ai( noziroh eht no eyE nagnadnapreb(

)aynamases adap amas setanigirO ; ;)nailsaek ikilimem( segnellahC

tatS eht ouq su )nanapamek gnatnenem( nosrep nwO ; iukagnem(

;)nipmimep adap ada bawaj gnuggnat eht seoD gniht thgir

.)raneb gnay nakajregnem(

.2 B isasinagro ayadu gnay nagro ayadub kitsiretkarak utiay itiletid i isas

malad eewdlaC nad namtahC turunem gnay )982:4991( snibboR

sata iridret ,naicnirek naitahrep ,okiser nalibmagnep nad isavoni

eiro n nafisergaek ,mit isatneiro ,gnaro isatneiro ,lisah isat nad

satilibats . iD s kitsiretkarak nahilimep rasad ini - tubesret kitsiretkarak

hilipid gnay retkarak anerak hadus uata ilikawem asib hadus paggnaid

h pakgnanem a .itiletid naka gnay isasinagro ayadub takik

.3 kutnU ,nawayrak ajrenik gnay renotS turunem ajrenik utiay itiletid

napakacek ,isavitom irad isgnuf nakapurem gnay )8791( nad

.nawayrak ajrek natapmesek


5

.D naitileneP naujuT

: naujut nagned nakanaskalid ini naitileneP

.1 raseb aparebes iuhategnem kutnU kitsiretkarak huragnep

?nawayrak ajrenik padahret nanipmimepek

.2 raseb aparebes iuhategnem kutnU isasinagro ayadub huragnep

?nawayrak ajrenik padahret

.3 utnU raseb aparebes iuhategnem k kitsiretkarak huragnep

amasreb araces isasinagro ayadub nad nanipmimepek - padahret amas

?nawayrak ajrenik

.E naitileneP taafnaM

aparebeb igab taafnamreb tapad nakparahid ini naitilenep lisaH

pi : nial ratna kah

.1 igaB P naahasure

nahab iagabes anugreb tapad ini naitilenep lisah nakparahiD

itrep m nalibmagnep malad nagnab nagned natiakreb gnay nakajibek

pek e ,nanipmim nad isasinagro ayadub ajrenik adap nawayrak

naahasurep ayaduB raggnaS . igab kilab napmu iagabes naD

naahasurep ad kutnu naktaugnem tap imepek rotkaf m ayadub ,nanip

.nawayrak ajrenik nad ,isasinagro

.2 itileneP igaB

halasam nakhacemem rajaleb tapad silunep ini naitilenep malaD

ed n gnay halasam gnatnet lautpesnok nad sitkarp arac nakparenem nag


6

umli nakisatnemelpmignem malad anaras nakapurem atres itiletid

gnep e .hailuk ukgnab id helorepid halet gnay nauhat

.3 satisrevinU igaB

sawaw habmanem tapad ini naitilenep awhab parahreb siluneP na

ep n rutaretil nahabmat iagabes nad nauhategnep umli nagnabmeg

.amrahD atanaS satisrevinU naakatsupreP isnerefer

.F nasiluneP akitametsiS

NAULUHADNEP I BAB

,halasam nasumur ,halasam gnakaleb ratal gnatnet isireb ini baB

naitilenep naujut ,halasam nasatab nad ,naitilenep taafnam ,

.nasilunep akitametsis

IROET NASADNAL II BAB

gnay iroet nasadnal gnatnet nakiarugnem silunep ini bab malaD

naitilenep malad sahabid naka gnay halasam nagned nagnubuhreb

.sisetopih nad uti

NAITILENEP EDOTEM III BAB

kumegnem ini baB utkaw nad isakol ,naitilenep sinej gnatnet naka

isinifed ,naitilenep lebairav ,naitilenep kejbo nad kejbus ,naitilenep

,atad nalupmugnep kinket ,atad rebmus nad sinej ,lanoisarepo

,naitilenep lepmas nalibmagnep kinket ,lepmas nad isalupop

naijugnep kinket .atad sisilana kinket nad ,naitilenep nemurtsni


7

NAAHASUREP MUMU NARABMAG VI BAB

naitilenep isakol mumu narabmag naiaru gnatnet isireb ini baB

.naahasurep nad

ATAD SISILANA V BAB

nad atad naasilanagnep sesorp gnatnet nakakumekid ini bab malaD

nasahabmep ayn .

NARAS NAD NALUPMISEK IV BAB

.naitilenep nasatabretek nad naras ,nalupmisek itupileM


8

II BAB

AKATSUP NAIJAK

.A iroeT nasadnaL

.1 nemejanaM naitregneP

nemejanaM ( tnemeganam gnay pesnok utaus halada )

nakisinifedid kutnu rakus hibel tikides fitaler aggnihes skelpmok

nemejanam ,)72 : 4002( niffirG turuneM .itsap araces aynpesnok

bes nakisinifedid a aynmaladid kusamret( satifitka naiakgnar utaus iag

pek nalibmagnep nad naanacnerep ,naisasinagrognep ,nasutu

ep nad ,nanipmimepek n rebmus adap naktareb kititid gnay )nailadneg

nad ,kisif ,laisnanif ,aisunam( isasinagro helo ikilimid gnay ayad

isasinagro irad naujut iapacnem kutnu duskam nagned )isamrofni

aces amasreb nakpatetid halet gnay .neisife nad fitkefe ar malad fitkefE

aynnakisatemelpmignem nad tapet gnay nasutupek taubmem itra

gnay ayad rebmus nakanuggnem itra malad neisife nad ,kiab nagned

b tameh nad anaskajib araces ada i .aya

ajrekeb nataigek nakapurem nemejanam ,aynrasad adaP

ned gnaro nag - id ada gnay gnaro kutnu isasinagro utaus malad

isasinagro naujut iapacnem atres nakisaterpretnignem ,nakutnenem

isgnuf tawel - nanusuynep ,naisasinagrognep ,naanacnerep isgnuf

pek ,ailanosrep e .nasawagnep nad ,nanipmim


9

.2 muS nemejanaM naitregneP D reb aisunaM aya

udividni halada aisunam ayad rebmuS - id ada gnay udividni

da nakitahrepid surah gnay isasinagro mal iagabes nemejanam helo

.naahasurep helo ikilimid gnay gnitnep gnilap gnay isasinagro tessa

Ma ( aisunam ayad rebmus nemejan anam ecruoser namuh tnemeg )

salab nairebmep ,naialinep ,nagnabmegnep ,naanugayadnep halada

udividni naalolegnep nad ,asaj - isasinagro malad id udividni

.)4 : 4002 ,aromamiS(

metsis halada aisunam ayad rebmus ianegnem nial isinifeD

,naanacnerep nad naharagnep ,naisasinagrognep irad nasawagnep

gnep a ,naisargetnignep ,isasnepmok nairebmep ,nagnabmegnep ,naad

iapacnem kutnu amatu kepsa iagabes ajrek aganet naarahilemep nad

nad ojodnapunaR( takaraysam nad udividni ,naahasurep naujut

.)5 : 2002 ,nansuH

.3 nanipmimepeK pesnoK

udividni anamid sesorp utaus halada nanipmimepeK

epmem n hurag i ,esuohtroN( mumu naujut iapacnem kutnu kopmolek

awhab nirbuD helo majatrepid ini naitregneP .)3:3002 ,.G.P

nakmananem kutnu naupmamek halada uti nanipmimepek nanikayek

ad nagnukud helorepmem nad iapacnem kutnu isasinagro atoggna ir

nagro naujut .)3 :1002 ,.J .A ,nirbuD( isasi


01

,ydutS pihsredaeL etatS oihO ehT helo nakukalid iduts tukireB

awhab nakkujnunem naitilenep naumet ,2 ek ainuD gnareP rihka adap

sagut naiaseleynep adap nakujutid nanipmimepek adap isatneiro uata

( narasas ,)erutcurtS gnitaitinI nahutubek padahret naukagnep nad

dni i nagnubuh nad udiv .)noitaredisnoC( naitilenep ayntujnaleS

nakkujnunem ydutS pihsredaeL nagihciM ylraE ehT helo naktujnalid

k awhab e hret naitahrep halada uti nanipmimep nawayrak pada

( eeyolpme - deretnec iskudorp sesorp padahret aynnaitahrep aguj nad )

( noitcudorp - deretnec .)

isinifed iraD - awhab naklupmiynem silunep sata id isinifed

nad ihuragnepmem kutnu naupmamek halada uti nanipmimepek

gnem a gnay naujut naiapacnep imed nial gnaro ukal hakgnit nakhar

tid halet e .nakpat

.4 nipmimeP kitsiretkaraK

kitsiretkarak awhab naksagenem )675 :2002( snahtuL

imep m :halada IXX dabA id nip

.1 setavonnI )urab gnay utauses nakatpicnem( ; nipmimep gnaroeS

am surah anamid ,urab gnay utauses nakatpicnem upm

nad igolodotem nakhutubmem urab gnay utauses nakatpicnem

.sarek ajrek atres ahasu nakhutubmem gnay sitametsis takgnarep

ajrekeb nadaluatirus irebmem surah nipmimep gnaroes uti kutnU

utauses nakatpicnem kutnu sarek .urab gnay


11

.2 nA lanigiro )nipmimep irad ilsa( ; surah nipmimep gnaroeS

irad iric idajnem gnay kinu nad sahk gnay utauses ikilimem

malad nalisahrebek icnuk idajnem nad tubesret nipmimep

.nipmimem

.3 spoleveD ;)nakgnabmegnem( upmam surah nipmimep gnaroeS

nagned aynnawayrak nad isasinagro nakgnabmegnem

.kiab gnay ajrek ayadub nakgnabmegnem

.4 ucoF s elpoep no se )aisunam adap isartnesnokret( ; gnaroeS

idajnem gnay aynaisunam kepsa adapek sucof surah nipmimep

anipmimepek irad keybus ulales nakajibek paites aggnihes ,aynn

.tubesret isasinagro malad ada gnay aisunam fitkepserp irad tahilid

.5 tsurt seripsnI hgnem( i )ayacrep asar nakpud ; nipmimep gnaroeS

nagned naayacrepek asar nakirebmem upmam surah

nahawab adapek gnanewew nakisagelednem nad ,

.utum nanimajnep iulalem tsurt mitsis nakgnabmegnem

.6 egnargnoL evitcepsrep rep ikilimem( ;)gnajnap akgnaj fitkeps

awabmem upmam nad renoisiv surah nipmimep gnaroeS

patet kutnu isasinagro etad ot pu padahret fitkaorp nad

atik tarabi isiV : sniklE nhoJ igetartS ilhA .namaz nagnabmekrep

adna taked akij ,gnutnureb nikgnum adna huaj akij flog niamreb

gnapmag gnuggnat akij ,hadum nagned nakiaseleynem asib -

.lagag ilakgnires adna nad hasus gnapmag


21

.7 w sksA yhw dna tah ;)apagnem nad apa nakaynanem ai( gnaroeS

aynhalasam raka irad nalaosrep paites tahilem ulales nipmimep

nahalasamrep nad anemonef paites naktucuregnem abocnem nad

.anahredes hibel gnay utauses idajnem ada gnay

.8 noziroh eht no eyE nagnadnapreb( )aynamases adap amas ;

lida pakisreb asib surah nipmimep gnaroeS .

.9 girO i setan ;)nailsaek ikilimem( surah nipmimep gnaroeS

aynhuggnuses gnay fitaisini nad isnegeletni nakgnabmegnem

hibel gnay arac nagned hitalid nad ,iridnam gnay mit irad lasareb

hibel surah atres ,lortnok nad hatnirep radekes adapirad nredom

.kajib hibel nad isaripsni nakirebmem

.01 ahC ouq sutatS eht segnell )nanapamek gnatnenem( ; upmaM

ucimem tapad kutnu naniamrep nakniamem nad tahilem seunitnoc

tnemevorpmi sketnok malad fitkefe nakadnit nakukalem nad

.labolg

.11 nosrep nwO imep adap ada bawaj gnuggnat iukagnem( m ;)nip

isnarelot irebmeM ikilimem ipat ,gnaroeses nalagagek padahret

nawal ipadahgnem kutnu nainarebek - nad ,tnatilim gnay nawal

.aynirid adap ada bawaj gnuggnat iukagnem

.21 eht seoD gniht thgir .)raneb gnay nakajregnem( ikilimeM

ednem kutnu satab apnat narabasek nad nakharagnem ,ragn

amil kutnu tapet gnay ini irah nasutupek libmagnem utnabmem


31

idajnem naka sirotsih atad awhab iuhategneM .napedek nuhat

.naveler kadit

awahab naklupmisid tapad tubesret naiaru nakrasadreB

p ikilimem ulales kitsiretkarak ikilimem nipmime kutnu ayapu

nasagaG .)isavonireb ulales( urab gnay lah nakatpicnem - gnay nasagag

urinem kadit iridnes nasagag nakapurem nipmimep helo ikilimid

ata u nup kalpijnem nakgnabmegnem kutnu ayapureb ulales nipmimeP .

nad ,nahawab adap ayacrep aI .nakukal ai gnay apa nakalaynem ulales

ikilimem aynnasagaG .isasinagro atoggna adap naayacrepek ipa

per nagned aynnahawab adap aynatreb aI .gnajnap akgnaj fitkeps

saup kadit ai ,ouq sutats gnatnenem aI .?apagnem nad apa naaynatrep

sata bawaj gnuggnatreb aI .ada gnay apa nagned nakukalid gnay apa

.raneb gnay nakajregnem ai nad ,aynnahawab helo

.5 nanipmimepeK ayaG

aynalak ada ,nanipmimepek ayag ikilimem nipmimep paiteS

kutnu aynnahawab adap natapmesek irebmem kadit nipmimep

eb r ( nasalejnep atnim nupuata aynat nairatirohtuA aynalak ada ,)

aynatreb ,isuksidreb kutnu nahawab natapmesek irebmem nipmimep

( arcomeD t ci isidnok nakraibmem uti nipmimep aynalak ada nad ,)

sret ada gnay e ( nahawab adap har zessiaL - riaf e ihsredaeL awoI ehT( ) p

L( )ydutS u .)775 :2002 ,snaht


41

emejanam ilha araP gnatnet tapadnep nakakumegnem kaynab n

)422 : 0991 ,nansuH nad ojodnapunaR( .nanipmimepek ayag isinifed

ayag nakisinifednem gnay ukal hakgnit alop iagabes nanipmimepek

naujut nagned isasinagro naujut nakisargetnignem kutnu gnacnarid

dni i iapacnem kutnu udiv turunem nakgnadeS .isasinagro naujut utaus

iM f gnay ukalirep amron nakapurem nanipmimepek ayag ,ahohT hat

gid u abocnem tubesret gnaro taas adap gnaroeses helo nakan

: 0991 ,ahohT( tahil ai gnay itrepes nial gnaro ukalirep ihuragnepmem

.)25

g aynpisnirp adaP gnaroes arac halada ini nanipmimepek aya

et kutnu nahawab ihuragnepmem malad nipmimep r .naujut ayniapac

.6 macaM - nanipmimepeK ayaG macam

.a ayaG iduts lisah turunem nanipmimepek .ytisrevinU awoI

( nanipmimepek ayag macam agit adA initraM nad iwawaN iradaH

.)49 : 3991 ,iwadaH

)1 retiroto nanipmimepek ayaG

surah nataigek alages paggnagnem ini ayag nagned nipmimeP

,nanipmip naksutupid ic ir - : ayniric

)a .laggnut asaugnep iagabes kadnitreb nipmimeP

)b nipmip helo taubid ulales nasutupeK .na

)c .tatek araces nakukalid nasawagneP


51

)d kutnu natapmesek irebid kadit nad helob kadit nahawaB

nakiapmaynem nad tapadnep nakraulegnem ,fitaisinireb

erk a .aynsativit

)e .nanipmip helo lukipid aynah bawajgnuggnaT

)2 sitarkomed nanipmimepek ayaG

ayag malaD naksutupid nasutupek alages ini nanipmimepek

iric nagned nahawab nad nanipmip helo amasreb araces - iric

se : tukireb iagab

)a .kilab labmit gnusgnalreb isakinumoK

)b kopmolek atoggna igab saul gnay natapmesek nakirebmeM

.nataigek paites malad isapisitrapreb kutnu isasinagro uata

)c .kahip haleb audek irad gnatad fitaisinI

)d nad pakisreb malad naasarep nakitahrepmem nanipmiP

eb r .kadnit

)e ro nalisahrebek bawaj gnuggnaT amasreb lukipid isasinag

.nahawab nad nanipmip aratna

)3 ( sabeb nanipmimepek ayaG eriaf zessial )

iriC - : nial aratna sabeb nanipmimepek ayag irad iric

)a nahawab adap hunep nasabebek nakirebmem nipmimeP

da .nasutupek libmagnem mal

)b nakisgnufmem aynah nipmimeP .tahesanep iagabes aynirid

)c helo gnuggnatid isasinagro nalisahrebek bawaj gnuggnaT

.udividni


61

)d .nanipmip irad naharagnep ada kadit ripmaH

)e helo nakhutubid alibapa isakinumokreb aynah nipmimeP

.nahawab

.b S nanipmimepek ayaG .nagihciM fo ytisrevinU ydut

,renotS .F .A semaJ( nanipmimepek ayag aud ada aynrasad adaP

.)021 : 6991

)1 sagut adap isatneiroreb gnay nanipmimepek ayaG ( ksat -

detneiro : tukireb iagabes iric nagned ,)

)a .naujut ayniapacret nakamatugneM

)b .nahawab padahret nasawagnep nakadagnem nipmimeP

)c adap irad sagut adap naknakenem hibel nipmimeP

egnep m .nahawab nahubmutrep nad nagnab

)2 nawayrak adap isatneiroreb gnay nanipmimepek ayaG

(em eeyolp - detneiro ) : tukireb iagabes iric nagned ,

)a mem nipmimeP .isavitom nakireb

)b .nasutupek nalibmagnep malad nakatresukiid nahawaB

)c adap tabahasreb nad naagraulekek pakisreb nipmimeP

ba .nahaw

nad nawayrak adap tasupret gnay nanipmimepek ayaG

amas sagut adap tasupreb - nakianek naktakgninem tapad amas

ayag kednep utkaw akgnaj malad ,naikimed numaN .iskudorp

naklubminem tapad sagut adap tasupret gnay nanipmimepek

.nawayrak irid malad nanaket


71

.c pmE trekiL irad nemejanaM metsiS ta

turunem ukalirep aud aynada adap nakrasadreb nagneD

igabmem trekiL sisneR ,nagihciM ytisrevinU nanipmimepek iduts

tapme idajnem nanipmimepek ayag )36 : 0991 ,ahohT( metsis

ay i ut :

)1 ini metsis malad ,1 metsiS iagabes ayagreb nipmimep

“ olpxE i evitatirohtuA evit .”

,sitarkoto tagnas ini ayag malad nipmimep gnaroeS

akuS .aynnahawab adapek naayacrepek tikides iaynupmem

pakisreb nad nahawab isatiolpskegnem citsilanretap malaD .

wab isavitomem a rebmem nagned aynnah i tek nad natuka

namukuh - gnalesid ,namukuh - naagrahgnep nairebmep gniles

utkawes gnay - ( utkaw sdraweR lanoisaccO ).

)2 isarkotO“ nakamanid nipmimep ini metsis malad ,2 metsiS

( ”itah kiab gnay evitatirohtuA tneloveneB .)

gnay naayacrepek iaynupmem nipmimep ,ini metsis malaD

isavitomem aidesreb ,nahawab adapek ayacrep ,gnubulesret

ed n haidah nag - namukuh tukireb natukatek nad haidah -

,sata ek isakinumok aynada helorepmem ,namukuh

dnep nakragnednem a edi ,tap - nad ,hawab irad edi

sesorp malad gnanewew isageled aynada nakhelobrepmem

nasutupek nalibmagnep .


81

)3 lanekid hibel nanipmimepek ayag ini metsis malad ,3 metsiS

( fitatlusnok rejanam natubes nagned pihsredaeL evitatlusnoC ).

tikides iaynupmem ini lah malad rejanam gnaroeS

yacrepek ai alibapa lah malad aynasaib ,nahawab adap naa

i nakhutubmem n sata nailadnegnep nad ,edi ,isamrof

nasutupek - nakukalem rejanaM .nakhutubid gnay nasutupek

.namukuh nad naagrahgnep nagned isavitom

)4 gnay nipmimep nakamanid ini nanipmimepek ayag ,4 metsiS

reb ( isapisitrapreb kopmolek ayag puorG evitapisitraP ).

gnay naayacrepek iaynupmem rejanam ini metsis malaD

es m naktabilem ulales rejanaM .aynnahawab padahret anrup

wab a nakladnagnem ,nalaosrep paites ipadahgnem malad nah

tapadnep nad edi - tain iaynupmem nad aynnahawab tapadnep

.fitkurtsnok araces nahawab tapadnep nakanugrepmem kutnu

.7 isasinagrO ayaduB pesnoK

pesnoK b ayadu naayadubek ,sigoloportnA nagnadnap turunem

fedid nakisini iagabes gnaro irad fitkelok latnem - utas malad gnaro

ialin nakgnabmegnem gnay margorp iagabes takaraysam - ,ialin

epek r naayac nad , kalirep nahilip iewznesoR nad tsaK .amas gnay u n g

takgnarepes halada naayadubek awhab nakpakgnugnem )359 : 0991(

mep a amas gnay gnitnep namah - utaus atoggna arap helo tunaid amas

ysam a ,ipaggnanem ,asarem ,amasreb rikip alop irad iridret gnay takar


91

d nad i nakatpicnem gnay gnabmal nupuam asahab nagned helorep

.aisunam kopmolek iagabreb aratnaid nakinuek

gnay ayadub naitregneP nakpatenem tubesret nakpakgnuid

,mumu araces takaraysam naayadubek uata ayadub naitregnep

nades g malad id ayadub naitregnep nak takgnisid uata isasinagro

ub ayad gro a .susuhk hibel aynutnet isasin narikimep iagabreb adA

ep ianegnem n isasinagro ayadub naitreg helo nakisinifedid gnay

: utiay ilha iagabreb

.a turuneM metsis halada isasinagro ayadub ,)77 : 3991( ydnoM

ialin - isasinagro malad amasreb naasaibek nad ,nanikayek ,ialin

naklisahgnem kutnu lamrof rutkurts nagned iskaretnireb gnay

rep amron i .ukal

.b )974 : 4991( snibboR nehpetS turuneM , halada isasinagro ayadub

ialin - gnay hafaslaf ,isasinagro helo gnukudid gnay nanimod ialin

nad iawagep padahret nanipmip naanaskajibek nutnunem

nalep g naayacrepek nad ismusa ,uti tapmet id naajrekep arac ,nag

gnay rasad .isasinagro atoggna aratnaid tapadret

.c metsis halada isasinagro ayadub ,)12 : 3002( onojleoM turuneM

ialin - gnay nad isasinagro atoggna aumes helo inikayid gnay ialin

di araces nakgnabmekid atres ,nakparetid ,irajalep

is iagabes isgnufreb ,nagnubmanisekreb tapad nad takerep mets

preb nauca nakidajid e iapacnem kutnu isasinagro malad ukalir

t gnay naahasurep naujut e .nakpatetid hal


02

.8 isasinagrO ayaduB ayngnitneP

uata atoggna ukalirep adap huragnepreb isasinagro ayaduB

in agro utaus malad id kopmolek atres udivid isasinagro ayaduB .isasin

tapad gnay ,kapmat kadit gnay laisos nataukek utaus nakapurem

gnaro nakkareggnem - nakukalem kutnu isasinagro utaus malad gnaro

pait radas kadit araceS .ajrek sativitka - utaus malad id gnaro pait

gro a eb gnay ayadub irajalepmem isasin .aynisasinagro malad id ukalr

nakisasilanretnignem nad nakisasilaisosnem isasinagro ayadub ,idaJ

)12 : 0102 ,onsirtuS( isasinagro atoggna arap

ayaduB .hamel nad tauk tafisreb asib isasinagro ayaduB

nagro i ialin alibapa tauk nakatakid isas - k nad pakis ,ialin naayacrepe

nemtimok nad huget nagned tuna id atres imahapid tubesret amasreb

nit gnay g ayadub ,aynkilabeS .atpicret tapad naamasrebek aggnihes ,ig

sinagro a nawayrak/atoggna ayngnaruk adap nimrecret hamel gnay is

ialin padahret - eb pakis nad naayacrepek ,ialin asaib gnay amasr

.itakapesid uata nakukalid

igab taafnamreb tagnas ,tauk gnay isasinagro ayadub aynadA

: lah malad utiay isasinagro

.a .isasinagro malad sativitka isanidrook nakhadumeM

.b anerak ,atoggna uata udividni ratna isakinumok nakhadumeM

kis aynada ialin tunagnem malad naamasrebek nad pa - gnay ialin

.ada


12

.c aratna amas ajrek nad nagnubuh nasinomrahek aynatpicreT

yrak a .takgninem naka ajrek isavitom aggnihes ,naw

.d naktakgninem nad isasinagro sativitka naracnaleK

tserp a .isasinagro satifitkefe/is

.e .hadum nad tapec nagned nakukalid tapad nasutupek nalibmagneP

iewznesoR nad tsaK n awhab nakakumegnem )659 : 0991( g

kutnu tauk gnay takgnarep nakapurem tauk gnay naayadubek

tnenem u naajrekep nakajregnem iawagep arap utnabmem ,ukalirep nak

kides nagned akerem : lah aud malad amaturet ,kiab hibel ti

.a naruta metsis halada tauk gnay naayadubeK - gnay isamrofni naruta

naigabes malad ukalirepreb gnaro anamiagab nakpakgnugnem

be .akerem utkaw ras

.b beK kiab hibel asarem gnaro naknikgnumem tauk gnay naayadu

ajrekeb akerem aggnihes ,nakajrek akerem gnay apa gnatnet

ed n .kiab nag

.9 isasinagrO ayaduB isgnuF

niehcS helo nakpakgnuid gnay isasinagro ayadub isgnuF

: utiay ,)1991(

.a ada lamrofxe fo smelborp ehT evivrus dna noitp kutnu utiay

reb a natujnalrebek agajnem nad lanretske halasam nagned isatpad

akam tunaid gnay ayadub aynada nagned isasinagro pudih


22

amelborp iagabreb isatagnem kutnu upmam naka isasinagro

etske isatpada r patet raga aynlan ,evivrus arac - arac iapacnem kutnu

naujut ( snaem iagabes kartnok metsis nakgnabmegnem nad )

ebek takgnit naruku r .isasinagro nalisah

.b noitargetni lanretni fo smelborp ehT melborp isatagnem utiay

in gnay asahab nad mumu pesnok gnatnet tukgnaynem gnay lanret

nakanugid kutnu nakanugid gnay airetirk ,isasinagro malad

em m ,isasinagro malad kopmolek nakub nad kopmolek ratna isatab

isasinagro malad nataukek nad sutats aynada , gnay susak iagabreb

namitniek nagned natiakreb – narajnag ,atnic nad natabahasrep

igoloidi ,mukuh nad helo tunaid gnay amaga nad

.kopmolek/udividni

01:0102( onsirtuS malad )1002 ,snibboR( - )11 ayaduB

: utiay ,isasinagro malad isgnuf halmujes ikilimem

.a adebmeP

B taubmem gnay uata naadebrep nakatpicnem ayadu kinu utaus

or .aynnial isasinagro nagned aynnakadebmem nad isasinag

.b satitnedI

atoggna igab satitnedi asar utaus awabmem isasinagro ayaduB -

.isasinagro atoggna

.c nemtimoK

gnay utauses padahret nemtimok aynrihal isatilisafmem ayaduB

le .udividni nagnitnepek adapirad raseb hib


32

.d satilibatS

.laisos metsis napatnamek naktakgninem uti isasinagro ayaduB

isgnufreb ayadub ,laisos iges nagned aynnagnubuh malaD

se laisos takerep iagab uti isasinagro nakutasrepmem utnabmem gnay

radnats nakirebmem nagned - surah gnay apa kutnu tapet gnay radnats

ayadub ,aynrihkA .nawayrak arap helo nakukalid nad nakatakid

eb r gnay iladnek nad ankam taubmep emsinakem iagabes isgnuf

akis kutnebmem nad udnamem nawayrak arap ukalirep atres p

d )1991 ,nodroG( a )11:0102( onsirtuS mal .

.01 isasinagrO ayaduB nakutnebmeP

kutnebid isasinagro ayadub anamid nagab halada tukireB

me : )642 : 0002( snibboR turun

isasinagrO ayaduB nakutnebmeP 1.II rabmaG

,ayntujnaleS .ayniridnep tafaslif irad naknurutid ilsa ayaduB

malad nakanugid gnay airetirk ihuragnepmem tagnas ini ayadub

em m aynnawayrak nakajrekrep adap kacnup nemejanam nakadniT .

hurules helo kadit uata amiretid tapad gnay milki nakutnenem ini taas

adap kiab gnutnagreb naka nawayrak isasilaisoS .isasinagro atoggna

irad tafasliF iridneP

Or isasinag

airetirKS iskele

nemejanaMP kacnu

isasilaisoS

ayaduBOr isasinag


42

ialin nakkococnem malad iapacid gnay seskus takgnit - nawayrak ialin

ialin nagned urab -n adap nupuam iskeles sesorp malad isasinagro iali

fer e .isasilaisos edotem padahret kacnup nemejanam isner haleteS

iagabes isasinagro ayadub halkutnebret akam tubesret sesorp idajret

.isasinagro atoggna aratna id rabesret gnay amasreb ankam metsis

.11 karaK isasinagrO ayaduB kitsiret

iagabes paggnaid isasinagro utaus malad id ayadub nupualaW

gnay utnetret kitsiretkarak iaynupmem numan ,kartsba gnay utaus

da .rukuid nad nakisinifedid tap malad eewdlaC nad namtahC turuneM

: irad iridret isasinagro ayadub kitsiretkarak ,)982:4991( snibboR

.a nawayrak arap anam huajes utiay okiser nalibmagnep nad isavonI

okiser libmagnem inareb nad isavoni kutnu gnorodid / takgnit

kudnem isasinagro anamhuajes ,okiser nalibmagnep gnu

emirepske n itahek nakiabagnem nad ,isat - .nanamaek uata naitah

et isnareloT r kutnu ayapu nakapurem okisereb nakadnit padah

bebek irebmem a .fitaisini libmagnem kutnu nawayrak adapek nas

.b ayrak arap anam huajes utiay naicnirek naitahreP nakparahid naw

adap naitahrep nad sisilana ,natamrecek( isiserp naktahilrepmem

lah - lah / )icnir nakraibmem isasinagro anamhuajes takgnit

yrak a .natamrecek nad liated ek naitahrep ,sisilana nakukalem naw

.c ukofmem nemejanam anam huajes utiay lisah isatneirO adap naks

gid gnay sesorp nad kinket adap aynnakub lisah kutnu nakanu


52

em n / uti lisah iapac isatneiroreb isasinagro anamhuajes takgnit

k adap i .iggnit gnay naparah gnukudnem nad lisah tutnunem ,ajren

.d nemejanam nasutupek anam huajes utiay gnaro isatneirO

em epm r lisah kefe nakgnutih - gnaro adap lisah - malad id gnaro

.isasinagro

.e nataigek anam huajes utiay mit isatneirO - id ajrek nataigek

nagro i udividni adap gnabmitek mit adap isas - .udividni

.f gnaro anam huajes utiay nafisergaeK - fiserga uti gnaro nad

pmok e / iatnas gnabmitek fitit isasinagro anamhuajes takgnit

naktaafnamem nad isitepmok ,nafisergaek adap naknakenem

.natapmesek

.g naknakenem isasinagro nataigek anam huajes utiay satilibatS

epid r aynnaknahat ouq sutats .nahubmutrep nad sartnok iagabes

.21 ubuH d nanipmimepeK nagn isasinagrO ayaduB na

nipmimeP helo nakatpicid ayaduB - nipmimeP ;aynnipmimep -

,iroet fitkepserp adap rasadreB .ayaduB helo nakatpicid nipmimep

bu ;yroehT cimanyD oicoS )1( :utiay ,sesorp 3 iulalem lucnum uti ayad

:1991 ,niehcS( gninraeL lanoitazinagrO )3( nad ;yroeht pihsredaeL )2(

841 - .)381 margorp nakutnenem narep ikilimem nipmimep gnaroeS

ata ,isasinagro rasad ismusa adap nakrasadid gnay nataigek pesnok u

ma ,salguoD dna niwrE( amgiS`xiS itrepes nakanugid gnay nemejan

halet gnay margorp nagned iauses nahawab ukalirep aliB .)6991


62

gid a ,iggnit halada aynhelorepid gnay ialin akam nanipmip helo naksir

sasinagro malad udividni ukalirep alib aynkilabes nad irad huaj i

helo ajrek margorp malad nakgnautid gnay anamiagabes naranebek

ayaduB naikimed nagneD .hadner aynialin utisid akam ,nipmimep

asib ini anemoneF .)1991 ,niehcS( aynnipmimeP helo nakatpicid

ed pirim nakatakid n gnay isasinagro nahubmutrep esaf nag

d nahubmutrep esaf adap aynsusuhk ,)2791( renierG helo nakakumeki

kujnutep rasad sata hubmut uti isasinagro utaus anamid aud ek gnay

( noitcerid p gnaroes irad ) e helo itakapesid halet gnay nipmim

.tubesret isasinagro

idaj asib aynitra ,kilabreb asib anemoneF nakatpicid nipmimep

iagabes rihal tubesret nipmimep alakanam isasinagrO ayaduB helo

pe ( suren noisseccus nad rakagnem halet isasinagro ayadub nakgnades )

.tubesret isasinagro napudihek irad naigab idajnem halet

nagro utaus narotnakrep gnaur ikusam atik aliB naka isasi

eb r gnay nipmimep ikilimem gnay nial isasinagro rotnak nagned adeb

eb r isasinagro utaus adap naktapad atik gnay anemoneF .adeb

sote ,nagnanetek ,nakujesek :itrepes ,)isasinagro ayadub anemonef(

yrak ajrek a t ,satirgetni ,nahamat hamarek ,pakis ,naw ,.lld ,krow mae

nem uti g .tubesret nipmimep arap irad nanipmimepek nakrabmag

nad nanipmimepek awhab naksagenem )1991( niehcS halinisiD

nagro ayadub i .amas gnay gnau atam isis aud nakiagab uti isas


72

.31 ajreniK

gnay ajrenik naitregnep ianegnem narikimep iagabreb adA

: utiay ilha iagabreb helo nakisinifedid

.a ,renotS( nakakumegnem ”tnemeganaM“ aynukub malad )8791

natapmesek nad napakacek ,isavitom irad isgnuf halada ajrenik

.nawayrak ajrek

.b ,relsseD( preb )9002 )ajrek isatserp( ajreniK : tapadne

nakgnidnabid nawayrak lautka isatserp halada nawayrak

ajrek isatserP .nawayrak irad nakparahid gnay isatserp nagned

iagabes nususid gnay radnats isatserp halada nakparahid gnay

awayrak ajrenik tahilem tapad aggnihes nauca nagned iauses n

radnats nagned nakgnidnabid aynisisop .taubid gnay

.c ,katnujnamiS namayaP( )5002 halada ajrenik nakakumegnem

.utnetret sagut naanaskalep sata lisah naiapacnep takgnit

malad lisah naiapacnep takgnit halada naahasurep ajreniK

kdujuwem akgnar ajrenik nemejanaM .naahasurep naujut na

kutnu nakukalid gnay nataigek nahurulesek halada

kusamret ,isasinagro uata naahasurep ajrenik naktakgninem

gnisam ajrenik - id ajrek kopmolek nad udividni gnisam

.tubesret naahasurep

.d orogenukgnaM , ubarP rawnA 0002( halada ajrenik ,)76 : lisah

satilauk araces ajrek gnay satitnauk nad helo naklisahid


82

iauses aynsagut nakanaskalem malad nawayrak gnaroes

.aynadapek nakirebid gnay bawaj gnuggnat nagned

agabreb naiaru iraD tapad tubesret ilha arap tapadnep i

ajrenik nagned duskamid gnay awhab naklupmisid gnay lisah halada

asaj nupuam kudorp uata gnarab apureb kiab gnaroeses helo iapacid

nawayrak irid sata naialinep rasad iagabes nakanugid aynasaib gnay

ajrek isasinagro uata nad satilauk iggnit nikameS .natukgnasreb gnay

.aynajrenik iggnit nikam aynajrek lisah satitnauk

.41 sinagrO ayaduB huragneP ajreniK padahreT isa

naitilenep iagabreb ,awhab nakataynem )82:0102( onsirtuS

b narep awhab nakkujnunem isasinagro ukalirep ianegnem ayadu

.udividni snopser nad isasinagro sativitkefe gnukudnem isasinagro

ceK o tapad ukalreb gnay ayadub nagned isasinagro atoggna nakoc

ninem g ,ajrekeb malad nasaupek ,sativitkudorp naktak ,ecnamrofrep

id laggnit patet kutnu nanigniek nad ,isasinagro nemtimok .naahasurep

,aradN( malad snibboR nehpetS awhab nakataynem ,)7991

“ gnorts c ycnetsisnoc ruoivaheb sesaercni erutlu aynitra gnay ,”

isnetsisnok naktakgninem kutnu huragnepreb tagnas tauk gnay ayadub

eses o rotkaf idajnem ayadub ,nial atak nagneD .ukalirepreb malad gnar

nep t .ajrekeb malad gnaroeses ajrenik naktakgninem gnay gni


92

.B aynmulebeS naitileneP

isasinagrO ayaduB huragneP“ luduJ nagned anelahdraM irtiF helO

”nawayraK ajreniK padahret laggnunaM ayraK malassA TP adap

.uwesgnirP ayadub isnemid hurules awhab nakkujnunem naitilenep lisaH

ajrenik nagned nakifingis nad fitisop gnay nagnubuh ikilimem isasinagro

tauk gnilap gnay isalerok ikilimem lisah isatneiro isnemiD .nawayrak

jrenik nagned tapad adnagreb reinil iserger iju lisah iraD .nawayrak a

helo ihuragnepid nawayrak ajrenik nahurulesek araces awhab iuhatekid

,okiser nalibmagnep nad isavoni utiay isasinagro ayadub irad isnemid

,gnaro isatneiro ,lisah isatneiro ,liated padahret naitahrep ,mit isatneiro

takgnit aynada nagned nakkujnutid ini laH .napatnamek nad nafisergaek

neisifeok ialiN .300,0 rasebes utiay 50,0 irad gnaruk gnay isnakifingis

utiay aynisanimreted neisifeok ialin nakgnades 968,0 utiay aynisalerok

ajrenik % 6,57 itrareb 657,0 ayadub isnemid helo ihuragnepid nawayrak

,laisrap araces nakgnadeS .nial rotkaf helo ihuragnepid aynasis ,isasinagro

halada nawayrak ajrenik ihuragnepmem nanimod gnilap gnay isnemid

rasebes isnakifingis nagned okiser nalibmagnep nad isavoni isnemid

040,0 kadit laisrap araces aynnial isnemid maneek ,ipateT .)50,0<(

isnakifingis nakanerakid nedneped lebairav nagned nagnubuh tapadret

.50,0 irad raseb hibel

nad ,namtahC ,yllieR’O helo nakukalid gnay naitilenep lisaH

S malad )2991( nadirehS nad )1991( llewdlaC )52:0102( onsirtu

ialin ayngnitnep nakkujnunem - malad isasinagro ayadub ialin


03

tubesret naitileneP .udividni pakis nad ukalirep ihuragnepmem

aratna nagnubuh aynada awhab nakkujnunem nosrep - tif noitazinagro

nad nemtimok ,ajrek nasaupek takgnit nagned evo nrut r anamid nawayrak

iaynupmem isasinagro ayadub nagned iauses gnay udividni

gnay nemtimok nad ajrek nasaupek iaynupmem kutnu nagnurednecek

kutnu iggnit gnay satisnetni iaynupmem nad isasinagro padahret iggnit

ynkilabes nad isasinagro id laggnit/ajrekeb suret kadit gnay udividni ,a

kutnu nagnurednecek ikilimem naka isasinagro ayadub nagned iauses

padahret hadner gnay nemtimok nad ajrek nasaupek iaynupmem

.isasinagro naklaggninem kutnu nagnurednecek ikilimem nad isasinagro

b nakkujnunem aguj ini naitilenep lisaH araces ayadub ialin awha

natakgninep iulalem isasinagro sativitkefe ihuragnepmem nakifingis

.ajrek aganet ayaib ignarugnem nad tuptuo satilauk

.C naitileneP lautpesnoK akgnareK

2.II rabmaG

X( nanipmimepeK 1 utiay aynnenopmok ) nA ,setavonnI ,lanigiro

elpoep no sesucoF ,spoleveD , egnargnoL ,tsurt seripsnI sksA ,evitcepsrep

nanipmimepeK )( 1X

isasinagrO ayaduB )( 2X

nawayraK ajreniK )(Y


13

,ouq sutatS eht segnellahC ,setanigirO ,noziroh eht no eyE ,yhw dna tahw

eht seoD dna ,nosrep nwO .gniht thgir X( isasinagro ayaduB 2 nagned )

ok m ,naicnirek naitahrep ,okiser nalibmagnep nad isavoni utiay aynnenop

isatneiro ,lisah isatneiro .satilibats nad ,nafisergaek ,mit isatneiro ,gnaro

( nawayrak ajreniK Y itupilem ) nad napakacek ,isavitom irad isgnuf

nawayrak ajrek natapmesek ,tubesret rabmag tahilem nagneD .

X( nanipmimepeK 1 rulaj iaynupmem ) padahret huragnep ajreniK

( nawayraK tigeb ,)Y isasinagrO ayaduB nagned aguj u X( 2 ) iaynupmem

padahret huragnep rulaj ( nawayraK ajreniK .)Y

.D sisetopiH

et sitiroet nabawaj uata aratnemes nabawaj nakapurem sisetopiH padahr

naaynatrep - nad halasam nasumurep malad nakakumekid gnay naaynatrep

nad nalupmugnep tawel aynnaranebek nakitkubid tapad surah

lanagnep i malad nakuja silunep gnay sisetopiH .naitilenep atad naas

: halada ini naitilenep

.1 peK kitsiretkaraK huragnep adA ajreniK padahret nanipmime

K nawayra .lutnaB ayaduB raggnaS utaB nanijareK naahasureP adap

.2 adap nawayraK ajreniK padahret isasinagrO ayaduB huragnep adA

.lutnaB ayaduB raggnaS utaB nanijareK naahasureP

.3 aduB nad nanipmimepeK kitsiretkaraK huragneP adA isasinagrO ay

amasreb araces - naahasureP adap nawayraK ajreniK padahret amas

.lutnaB ayaduB raggnaS utaB nanijareK


23

III BAB

NAITILENEP EDOTEM

.A naitileneP sineJ

id naka gnay naitilenep sineJ nakukal susak iduts naitilenep halada

,satabret aynisalupop gnay utnetret kejbo padahret naitilenep utaus utiay

.itiletid gay kejbo adap satabret aynah libmaid gnay nalupmisek aggnihes

.B naitileneP keybO nad keybuS

.1 keybuS naitileneP

halada naitilenep keybus idajnem gnaY nawayrak hurules raggnaS

ayaduB nawayrak gnusgnal nasata/nanipmip kusamret , .

.2 naitileneP keybO

halada naitilenep keybo idajnem gnaY nipmimep kitsiretkarak ayadub ,

nagro i .nawayrak ajrenik nad ,isas

.C sakoL nad utkaW naitileneP i

.1 naitilenep utkaW : rebmetpeS 2102

.2 naitilenep isakoL : ayaduB raggnaS lareb 30 TR idadhameL id tama

lutnaB nahisaK 31WR .atrakaygoY


33

.D naitileneP lebairaV

.1 ( sabeB lebairaV elbairaV tnednepednI )

uata naksalejnem gnay lebairav halada sabeb lebairaV

em m sabeb lebairav ini lah malaD .takiret lebairav irad ialin ihuragnep

utiay .isasinagro ayadub nad nanipmimepek

itiletid naka gnay nanipmimepeK itupilem kepsa - kepsa

nA ,setavonnI elpoep no sesucoF ,spoleveD ,lanigiro , ,tsurt seripsnI

egnargnoL ,noziroh eht no eyE ,yhw dna tahw sksA ,evitcepsrep

girO i eht seoD dna ,nosrep nwO ,ouq sutatS eht segnellahC ,setan

gniht thgir .

B isasinagro ayadu itiletid naka gnay itupilem kepsa - kepsa

in vo ,lisah isatneiro ,naicnirek naitahrep ,okiser nalibmagnep nad isa

nafisergaek ,mit isatneiro ,gnaro isatneiro , .satilibats nad

.2 ( takireT lebairaV nednepeD t elbairaV )

tapad aynialin gnay lebairav halada takiret lebairaV

ragnepid u takiret lebairav ini lah malaD .nial gnay lebairav helo ih

utiay .nawayrak ajrenik

.E lanoisarepO isinifeD

.1 kitsiretkaraK nanipmimepeK

.a setavonnI )urab gnay utauses nakatpicnem( ; nipmimep gnaroeS

anamid ,urab gnay utauses nakatpicnem upmam surah


43

icnem nad igolodotem nakhutubmem urab gnay utauses nakatp

.sarek ajrek atres ahasu nakhutubmem gnay sitametsis takgnarep

ajrekeb nadaluatirus irebmem surah nipmimep gnaroes uti kutnU

.urab gnay utauses nakatpicnem kutnu sarek

.b nA lanigiro )nipmimep irad ilsa( ; surah nipmimep gnaroeS

irad iric idajnem gnay kinu nad sahk gnay utauses ikilimem

malad nalisahrebek icnuk idajnem nad tubesret nipmimep

.nipmimem

.c spoleveD ;)nakgnabmegnem( upmam surah nipmimep gnaroeS

nagned aynnawayrak nad isasinagro nakgnabmegnem

m .kiab gnay ajrek ayadub nakgnabmegne

.d ucoF s elpoep no se )aisunam adap isartnesnokret( ; gnaroeS

idajnem gnay aynaisunam kepsa adapek sucof surah nipmimep

ulales nakajibek paites aggnihes ,aynnanipmimepek irad keybus

da gnay aisunam fitkepserp irad tahilid .tubesret isasinagro malad a

.e tsurt seripsnI hgnem( i )ayacrep asar nakpud ; nipmimep gnaroeS

nagned naayacrepek asar nakirebmem upmam surah

nad ,nahawab adapek gnanewew nakisagelednem

.utum nanimajnep iulalem tsurt mitsis nakgnabmegnem

.f egnargnoL cepsrep evit ;)gnajnap akgnaj fitkepsrep ikilimem(

awabmem upmam nad renoisiv surah nipmimep gnaroeS

patet kutnu isasinagro etad ot pu padahret fitkaorp nad

atik tarabi isiV : sniklE nhoJ igetartS ilhA .namaz nagnabmekrep


53

tnureb nikgnum adna huaj akij flog niamreb adna taked akij ,gnu

gnapmag gnuggnat akij ,hadum nagned nakiaseleynem asib -

.lagag ilakgnires adna nad hasus gnapmag

.g yhw dna tahw sksA ;)apagnem nad apa nakaynanem ai( gnaroeS

aynhalasam raka irad nalaosrep paites tahilem ulales nipmimep

nem abocnem nad nahalasamrep nad anemonef paites naktucureg

.anahredes hibel gnay utauses idajnem ada gnay

.h noziroh eht no eyE )aynamases adap amas nagnadnapreb( ;

lida pakisreb asib surah nipmimep gnaroeS .

.i girO i setan ;)nailsaek ikilimem( surah nipmimep gnaroeS

aynhuggnuses gnay fitaisini nad isnegeletni nakgnabmegnem

hibel gnay arac nagned hitalid nad ,iridnam gnay mit irad lasareb

hibel surah atres ,lortnok nad hatnirep radekes adapirad nredom

.kajib hibel nad isaripsni nakirebmem

.j lahC ouq sutatS eht segnel )nanapamek gnatnenem( ; upmaM

ucimem tapad kutnu naniamrep nakniamem nad tahilem seunitnoc

tnemevorpmi sketnok malad fitkefe nakadnit nakukalem nad

.labolg

.k nosrep nwO imep adap ada bawaj gnuggnat iukagnem( m ;)nip

et isnarelot irebmeM ikilimem ipat ,gnaroeses nalagagek padahr

nawal ipadahgnem kutnu nainarebek - nad ,tnatilim gnay nawal

.aynirid adap ada bawaj gnuggnat iukagnem


63

.l eht seoD gniht thgir .)raneb gnay nakajregnem( ikilimeM

nad nakharagnem ,ragnednem kutnu satab apnat narabasek

amil kutnu tapet gnay ini irah nasutupek libmagnem utnabmem

idajnem naka sirotsih atad awhab iuhategneM .napedek nuhat

.naveler kadit

nanipmimepek kitsiretkarak lebairav narukugnep kutnU malad

nakanuggnem ini naitilenep fid citnames tneref lai . ini alaks adaP

gnay irad duskamid gnay lah tobob nahilip irebid gnusgnal nednoser

.fitagen iapmas fitisop .lavretni atad naklisahgnem naka alakS

a iggnitret roks( nednopser hilipid gnay roks iggnit nikameS ,)9 halad

nad aynnipmimep padahret fitisop tagnas aynnaialinep nakitraid akam

,)1 halada hadneret roks( nednopser hilipid gnay roks hadner nikames

.aynnipmimep padahret fitagen tagnas aynnaialinep akam

yrak ajrenik padahret nipmimep kitsiretkarak rukugneM utiay nawa

ajrenik iggnit nikames nipmimep kitsiretkarak tauk nikames

.nawayrak

.2 isasinagrO ayaduB

.a okiser nalibmagnep nad isavonI utiay natakgnit arap anamid

ka ret nawayr kutnu gnorod reb libmagnem inareb nad isavoni

.okiser


73

.b naicnirek naitahreP utiay natakgnit utaus id nawayrak arap anam

nad sisilana ,natamrecek( isiserp naktahilrepmem nakparahid

ep r lah adap naitah - .)icnir lah

.c utiay lisah isatneirO id natakgnit naksukofmem nemejanam anam

nakanugid gnay sesorp nad kinket adap aynnakub lisah adap kutnu

.uti lisah iapacnem

.d gnaro isatneirO utiay id natakgnit utaus nasutupek anam

janam e lisah kefe nakgnutihrepmem nem - gnaro adap lisah - id gnaro

.isasinagro malad

.e utiay mit isatneirO id natakgnit utaus nataigek anam - ajrek nataigek

udividni adap gnabmitek mit adap isasinagro id - .udividni

.f nafisergaeK utiay id natakgnit utaus gnaro anam - fiserga uti gnaro

fititepmok nad aynnakub nad iatnas - iatnas .

.g satilibatS utiay anamid natakgnit utaus isasinagro nataigek

nem e aynnaknahatrepid naknak ouq sutats nad sartnok iagabes

utrep m .nahub

lebairav narukugnep kutnU isasinagro ayadub ini naitilenep malad

nakanuggnem fid citnames tneref lai . gnusgnal nednoser ini alaks adaP

gnay lah tobob nahilip irebid iapmas fitisop gnay irad duskamid

.fitagen .lavretni atad naklisahgnem naka alakS roks iggnit nikameS

nakitraid akam ,)9 halada iggnitret roks( nednopser hilipid gnay

t fitisop tagnas aynnaialinep isasinagro ayadub padahre nikames nad


83

akam ,)1 halada hadneret roks( nednopser hilipid gnay roks hadner

padahret fitagen tagnas aynnaialinep isasinagro ayadub .

akij utiay nawayrak ajrenik padahret isasinagro ayadub rukugneM

fisudnok nikames jrenik iggnit nikames isasinagro ayadub .a

.3 nawayraK ajreniK

lanoisarepo isinifeD k ni halada ini naitilenep malad nawayrak ajre

.nawayrak ajrek natapmesek nad napakacek ,isavitom irad isgnuf

lebairav narukugnep kutnU nawayrak ajrenik ini naitilenep malad

nakanuggnem fid citnames tneref lai . nednoser ini alaks adaP arap(

)rodnam/nanipmip duskamid gnay lah tobob nahilip irebid gnusgnal

.fitagen iapmas fitisop gnay irad atad naklisahgnem naka alakS

.lavretni iggnitret roks( nednopser hilipid gnay roks iggnit nikameS

nep nakitraid akam ,)9 halada t fitisop tagnas aynnaiali padahre ajrenik

nawayrak roks( nednopser hilipid gnay roks hadner nikames nad

padahret fitagen tagnas aynnaialinep akam ,)1 halada hadneret ajrenik

nawayrak .

.F lepmaS nad isalupoP

.1 ini naitilenep malad isalupoP utiay satabret nawayrak hurules raggnaS

ayaduB .nawayrak gnusgnal nasata kusamret ,

.2 ini naitilenep malad lepmas halmuJ halada 97 nawayrak gnaro

ret .nawayrak gnusgnal nasata uata nipmimep kahip aynmaladid kusam


93

.G lepmaS nalibmagneP kinkeT

ini naitilenep malad nakanugid gnay lepmas nalibmagnep kinkeT

kinket halada gnilpmas kinkeT .hunej gnilpmas kinket halada hunej

enep n lepmas iagabes nakanugid isalupop atoggna aumes alib lepmas naut

S( u )16:3002 ,onoyig

.H ataD rebmuS

p atad halada ini naitilenep atad rebmuS remir utiay , gnay atad

sata nabawaj apureb gnay naitilenep rebmus irad gnusgnal helorepid

.nakujaid gnay naaynatrep sata nabawaj apureb nawayrak iraD

naaynatrep - ok adap naaynatrep e nakigabid gnay renois .

.I P kinkeT ataD nalupmugne

.1 aracnawaW

kahip adapek nakukalid aracnawaW - gnay naahasurep irad kahip

em m lah ianegnem itilenep nakhutubid gnay isamrofni iaynup - lah

.itiletid gnay halasam nagned aynnagnubuh ada gnay ratal itrepeS

p gnakaleb e nupuam nipmimep gnanewew nad sagut ,naahasur

gnukudnem gnay aynnial nad ,naklisahid gnay kudorp ,nawayrak

.ini naitilenep kilimep uata nipmimep halada duskamid gnay kahiP

naahasurep .


04

.2 renoiseuK

aaynatrep halmujes nakirebmem arac nagned atad nalupmugneP n

et r kutnu naujutreb gnay nednopser adapek silut atad naktapadnem

.naveler gnay utiay naklupmukid nigni gnay ataD nednopser nabawaj

nenopmok gnatnet - nad ,isasinagro ayadub ,nanipmimepek nenopmok

ki .nawayrak ajren nay nednopseR nawayrak arap halada ujutid g

.nasata kusamret

nakanuggnem nagned taubid renoiseuK laisnereffiD kitnameS

euqinhceT id gnay ,icuS .J .G ,doogsO .E selrahC helo nakgnabmek

)5791( muabmennaT .H .P nad . kadit nednopser ,ini kinket adaP

nakirebmem kutnu atnimid uata ujutes nopser ipatet naka ,ujutes kadit

padahret akerem naialinep tobob nakirebmem gnusgnal kutnu atnimid

.sulumits utaus ,pakis rukugnem kutnu alaks utiay laisnerefid alakS

ipatet ,tsilkcehc nupuam adnag nahilip nakub aynkutneb ipatet

malad nususret tagnas gnay nabawaj anam id munitnok sirag utas

tagnas gnay nabawaj nad ,sirag nanak naigabid katelret fitisop

gnay ataD .aynkilabes uata ,sirag irik naigabid katelret evitagen

alaks nagned narukugnep iulalem helorepid laitnereffid citnames

ni atad halada kutnu nakanugid aynasaib ini kutneb alakS .lavret

.gnaroeses ikilimid gnay utnetret kitsiretkarak uata pakis rukugnem


14

.J nemurtsnI naijugneP kinkeT

nakanuggnem renoiseuk kutneb malad nemurtsni naijugnep malaD

.satilibailer nad satidilav iju

.1 satidilaV ijU

utaus anam huajes nakkujnunem kutnu nakukalid satidilaV ijU

satidilav ijU .rukuid gnay lebairav rukugnem tapad uti rukugnep tala

nagned nakukalid nakanuggnem metI detcerroC - noitalerroC latoT

margorp nagned nosraeP tnemoM kudorP isaleroK uata 0.71 SSPS .

nemurtsni alibapa iggnit gnay satidilav nakatakid nemurtsni utauS

gnay naijugnep airetirK .naujut nagned iauses lisah nakirebmem ruku

nakanugid gnay lisah akgna nakgnidnabmem halada nakanugid

nasutupek nalibmagnep rasad nagned lebat alaks nagned :

.a akam lebat r > gnutih r atres ,fitisop nagnutihrep lisah r akiJ

.dilav lebairav

.b akam lebat r < gnutih r atres ,fitisop nagnutihrep lisah r akiJ

.dilav kadit lebairav

.2 satilibaileR ijU

r ijU satilibaile iuhategnem kutnu nakanugid tala isnetsisnok

patet nad nakladnaid tapad nakanugid gnay ruku tala hakapa ,ruku

.gnaluid tubesret narukugnep akij netsisnok

( ahplA edotem nakanuggnem naijugneP s’hcabnorC margorp nagned )

0,0 isnakifingis farat adap nakukalid isnakifingis ijU .0.71 SSPS ,5


24

raseb hibel ahpla ialin alib lebailer nakatakid tapad nemurtsni aynitra

sitirk r irad tnemom tcudorp lebailer nakatakid tapad nemurtsnI .

malad )2991( narakeS turuneM .6,0 itrepes utnetret nasatab nagned

,kiab gnaruk halada 6,0 irad gnaruk satilibailer ,)62:8002( ontayirP

.kiab halada 8,0 sataid nad amiretid tapad 7,0 nakgnades

.K isergeR nataraysreP ijU adnagreB reiniL

.tatek tagnas gnay nataraysrep iju nakulremem adnagreb reinil isergeR

iju halitsi nagned tubesid asaib adnag reinil iserger adap nataraysrep ijU

kisalk ismusa gnay iserger sirag raga tubesret kisalk ismusa iju aynulreP .

raneb helorepid - neb lebairav iskiderpmem kutnu nakanugid tapad ra

reinil iserger akam ,ihunepret tubesret nataraysrep alibapA .nedneped

alibapa nad nakanugid tapad tubesret adnag adit nataraysrep ihunemem k

nakanugid tapad kadit tubesret adnag reinil iserger akam ,ada gnay

uS( )421 : 5002 ,otnamrad .

iju utiay aynmulebes ijuid ulrep gnay nataraysrep aparebeB

iju nad satilamron iju apureb gnay kirtemarap kitsitats kutnu nataraysrep

iserger kutnu nataraysrep aenil iju utiay adnagreb reinil ,iserger sirag satir

,satiraenilokitlum iju .satisitsadeksoreteh iju aguj nad ,isalerokotua iju

araC - turutreb tubesret naijugnep arac - naigab adap sahabid naka turut

.ini tukireb


34

.1 satilamroN ijU

nagned sisetopih naijugnep nakukalem gnay naitilenep utauS

iju nakanuggnem - iju uata nad t - surah gnay ismusa utaus tutnunem ,F

lamron isubirtsidreb surah isalupop utiay ,ijuid )331:0991 ,nawartuP(

ad mal 501:5002( otnamraduS .) atad isubirtsid satilamron naijugneP

kitsitats nakanuggnem nagned nakukalid isalupop loK vorogom -

.vonrimS ialin nakanuggneM 2(.giS .pmysA - )deliat , ialin alibapa

2(.giS .pmysA - )deliat awhab nakataynid tapad %5 ahpla takgnit irad >

.lamron isubirtsidreb gnay isalupop irad lasareb atad

.2 aeniL ijU R siraG satir iserge

ulrep akam ,reinil iserger ledom nakanuggnem alibapA nakukalid

raenil iju .ayniserger sirag sati aenil ijU ini iserger sirag satir

iserger ledom ek kusam kutnu nakanugid gnay icnuk nakapurem

reinil alibapA . uses kadit aenil iju lisah aynitra ,ia nakataynem satir

adap kusam tapad kadit atik akam ,reinil kadit iserger sirag awhab

nakanugid tapad kadit reinil iserger ledom aynitra ,reinil iserger ledom

atad sisilanagnem malad 521:5002 ,otnamraduS( ) . aenil naijugneP satir

naitilenep malad iserger sirag uata natakednep nakanuggnem ini

nakparetid gnay naijugnep airetirK .avonA lebat sisilana kutnu

aenilek nakataynem agrah nakanuggnem utiay iserger sirag nar

irad isnakifingis ialin alibapA .isnakifingis neisifeok morf noitaiveD

ytiraeniL kam %5 ahpla irad > .reinil kutnebreb iserger ledom a


44

.3 satiraenilokitlum ijU

aynkadit ada ijugnem kutnu naujutreb satiraenilokitlum ijU

sisilana malaD .nednepedni lebairav ratna raenil gnay nagnubuh

agudid gnay nednepedni lebairav tapadret naka akam adnag iserger

pmem naka tapad naka uti naagudneP .aynnedneped lebairav ihuragne

satiraenilokitlum aynada idajret kadit alibapa nakbawajgnuggnatrepid

ebairav aratnaid l- ratna isalerok aynkadit adA .aynnednepedni lebairav

itats naktaafnamem nagned iuhatekid tapad nednepedni lebairav kits

isalerok tnemom tcudorp .nosraeP irad kutnu nakanugid gnay airetirK

tapad kadit uata satiraenilokitlum idajret hakapa nakataynem

> isnakifingis neisifeok alibapA .isnakifingis neisifeok nakanuggnem

lum idajret kadit nakataynid tapad akam %5 ahpla irad satiraenilokit

ahpla irad < isnakifingis neisifeok aliB .nednepedni lebairav aratnaid

lebairav aratnaid satiraenilokitlum idajret nakataynid %5

aynnednepedni 631:5002 ,otnamraduS( - 041 ).

.4 isalerokotuA ijU

hakapa iuhategnem kutnu nakduskamid ini isalerokotua naijugneP

aynadA .kadit uata natamagnep atad aratnaid isalerok idajret

kadit snairav iaynupmem riskanep naktabikagnem tapad isalerokotua

iju nad muminim - nakirebmem naka anerak ,nakanugid tapad kadit t

ek ini naitilenep malad isalerokotua aynkadit adA .halas gnay nalupmis

iju nakanuggnem nagned isketedid nibruD - nostaW gnay narukU .


54

alibapa utiay isalerokotua aynkadit ada nakataynem kutnu nakanugid

kitsitats ialin nibruD - nostaW tapad akam ,2 akgna itakednem

d ikilimem kadit tubesret natamagnep atad awhab nakatayni

d akam ,aynkilabes lah malad ,isalerokotua tapadret nakatayni

241:5002 ,otnamraduS( isalerokotua - 741 ).

.5 satisitsadeksoreteH ijU

kutnu nakduskamid ini satisitsadeksoreteh ismusa ijU

hakapa iuhategnem amas kadit uata amas tulosba laudiser isairav

aynidajret kadit ismusa alibapA .natamagnep aumes kutnu

kadit idajnem riskanep akam ,ihunepret kadit ini satisitsadeksoreteh

isamitse nad raseb nupuam licek lepmas malad kiab neisife igal

takid tapad neisifeok .taruka gnaruk idajnem naka gnay natakedneP

nagned nakanugid knar .namraepS irad isalerok gnay airetirK

uata satisitsadeksoreteh idajret hakapa nakataynem kutnu nakanugid

neisifeok nakanuggnem tapad natamagnep atad aratnaid kadit

satilibaborp( isnakifingis )satilibaborp ialin( isnakifingis neisifeoK .)

neisifeok alibapA .%5 ahpla takgnit nagned nakgnidnabid surah

idajret kadit nakataynid tapad akam ,%5 ahpla irad > isnakifingis

neisifeok aliB .natamagnep atad aratnaid satisitsadeksoreteh

irad < isnakifingis satisitsadeksoreteh idajret nakataynid %5 ahpla

p atad aratnaid 741:5002 ,otnamraduS( natamagne - 751 )


64

.L ataD sisilanA kinkeT

.1 adnagreB reiniL isergeR

padahret sabeb lebairav aratna huragnep iuhategnem kutnU

.adnagreb reinil iserger sisilana tala nakanugid akam takiret lebairav

iagabes halada adnagreb reinil sumur )532:7991( onoyiguS turuneM

: tukireb

exbxbxbxbaY 44332211

: nagnareteK

Y ( takiret lebairav = elbairav tnedneped )

a atnatsnok =

b iserger neisifeok =

x ( sabeb lebairav = elbairav tnednepedni )

e = e rorr

.2 t ijU

iju nakukalid laisrap araces ijugnem kutnU - ( t tset laudividni )

pait irad huragnep iuhategnem kutnu nakanugid - sabeb lebairav pait

gnay sumur ,)16:7991( onoyiguS turuneM .takiret lebairav padahret

: tukireb iagabes halada nakanugid

212

rnrt


74

ayntujnales ,kitsitats nagnutihrep iulalem iuhatekid t agrah haleteS

adap t agrah nagned nagnutihrep lisah t agrah nakgnidnabmem halada

.%5 nakifingis farat nagned lebat

.3 F ijU

nakifingis huragnep takgnit iuhategnem kutnu nakanugid F ijU

amasreb araces sabeb lebairav turunem - .takiret lebairav padahret amas

: tukireb iagabes halada nakanugid gnay sumuR

11 2

2

KnRK

RF

: nagnareteK

F rehsif satilibaborp isubirtsid natakednep =

R iserger neisifeok =

N )lepmas( atad halmuj =

K sabeb lebairav halmuj =


84

BAB IV

NAAHASUREP MUMU NARABMAG

.A naahasureP ayniridreB harajeS

ayaduB raggnaS utaB nanijareK naahasureP nakiridnem mulebeS

,YID lutnaB nahisaK owijnugnaB idaD hameL id isakolreb gnarakes gnay

namiguS kapaB inkay kilimep gnas tahap ainud id idbagnem tapmes aynlawa

2991 nuhat irad hagneT awaJ nalitnuM haread id tahamem - .7991 ini nijareP

nikgnum idbagnem nagned iuluhadid inkay ,nial gnay nijarep nagned amas

rajaleb nad ulud nudid aynsusuhk tahamem tahap ai utab nanijarek D . na

tes ,nuhat 5 amales nagnibmib tapadnem hale kaP hadus paggnaid namiguS

nakataynem 8991 nuhat adap tauk gnay aynnanikayek nagned nad upmam

nalitnuM irad raulek iridnes ahasu nakiridnem nad lutnaB id . gnay ijaG

nad utab ilebmem kutnu nakanug ai nalitnum id ajrekeb amales helorepid

.tahamem natalarep did gnay lawa ahasu numaN namiguS kaP nakiri hisam

nakajrekid iridnes nad aynah .gnililek laujid namiguS kaP gnay kudorP taub

nad feiler ,gnutap apureb manro ne . .utab irad ukab nahabreb aynaumeseK

,matih utab nakanuggnem tahap kinket nagned gnutap taubmem kutnU

gnutap taubmem kutnu gnades - kutnu nad ,niser katec nakanugid licek gnutap

.utab kubres nakanugid feiler atres nemanro

nakasarem ialum namiguS kaP ,utkaw aynnalajreb gniries numaN

kutnu natilusek id aynutab nanijarek kudorp lisah nakrasamem haread lutnaB

kusamret aynratikes nad hayaliw .YID kaP uti itrepes gnay isidnok tahileM


94

aynrihka ai ,maid laggnit aynah kadit namiguS kutnu naksutumem aweynem

nad libom lisah ayntasup nakapurem gnay ilaB ek igrep - nad nanijarek lisah

gnisa nawatasiw aynsusuhk nawatasiw arap nagnujnuk amatu naujut anasiD .

S kaP namigu nakrasamem nad nakremamem p kudor - aynnanijarek kudorp .

A kudorp nad tikides imed tikides gnatad ialum nanasep aynrihk - kudorp

gnaro helo tulum ek tulum irad lanekid ialum namiguS kaP nanijarek - id gnaro

gnaro helo lanekid aynrihka adap iapmas ilaB - irgen raul gnaro irad itrepes

kirfA nad akiremA ,loynapS ,ailartsuA .a

ialum ai aynrihka ,tubesret namiguS kaP nahigigek takreB

utnabmem kutnu nawayrak turkerem ialum nad uti aynahasu nakgnabmegnem

.namiguS kaP naajrekep gnaro 5 ikilimem aynah namiguS kaP aynlawA

nawayrak ai gnay gnaro irad turker - naksusruk ai nad aynased ratikes gnaro

utab nanijarek ianegnem uluhad hibelret ahasu tapmet nad ayn ulales

hadnipreb - .lutnaB hayaliw id hisam numan hadnip ini sinsib gnaulep tahileM

ialum namiguS kaP aynrihka nakijnajnem nad raseb nikames habmanem

namiguS kaP ini taas aynrihka adap iapmas tikides imed tikides nawayrak

nawayrak iagabes tatacret gnay gnaro 87 ikilimem irebid gnay naahasurep id

utaB nanijareK naahasureP aman ayaduB raggnaS .


05

.B naahasureP isakoL

m naahasurep anamid tapmet halada naahasurep isakoL nakukale

sativitka - 31 WR 30 TR idadhameL id isakolreb ayaduB raggnaS .aynsativitka

tubesret isakol nahilimeP .atrakaygoY lutnaB nahisaK aparebeb nakrasadreb

nagnabmitrep lawa adap anerak utiay nial aratna ahasu nakiridnem alum

ahasu uti taas adap nakataynem ayaduB raggnaS kilimep namiguS kapaB

nakirebmem tapad uti nialeS .akgnal hisam lutnaB hayaliw id utab nanijarek

nad lutnaB nahisaK idadhameL takaraysam igab naajrekep nagnapal

.aynratikes

.C isasinagrO rutkurtS

isasinagrO rutkurtS tagnas gnay rusnu nakapurem naahasurep utaus igab

,sagut naigabmep tahilret naka ini isasinagro rutkurts nagneD .gnitnep

rutkurts ratna nagnubuh atres ,aynatoggna irad bawajgnuggnat ,gnanewew

paiteS .tubesret atoggna gnay isasinagro rutkurts iaynupmem naahasurep

adebreb - .iridnes uti naahasurep nahutubek nagned nakiausesid anerak adeb

rutkurts ikilimem gnay nanijarek naahasurep kutnebreb ayaduB raggnaS

: tukireb iagabes utiay ,anahredes gnay isasinagro


15

RO RUTKURTS AYADUB RAGGNAS ISASINAG

.I rodnam iagabes pakgnarem aguj naahasureP nipmimeP : nagnareteK

ayaduB raggnaS isasinagrO rutkurtS : 1.VI rabmaG

.D gnaneweW nad saguT

.1 naahasureP nipmimeP

id iggnitret naasaukek gnagemep iagabes naahasurep nipmimeP

padahret naanacnerep aumes nakpatenem kutnu sagutreb ,naahasurep

ajrek margorp .nakanaskalid naka gnay

.2 rodnaM nawayraK gnusgnaL nasatA /

et bawaj gnuggnatreb rodnam paiteS nataigek alages padahr .aynnawayrak

nakukalem radekes aynah kadit ataynret rodnam arap ayaduB raggnaS iD

NANIPMIP/KILIMEP NAAHASUREP

RODNAM I

RODNAMII

RODNAMIII

RODNAMVI

KOPMOLEKNAWAYRAK

GNIDLUOM

KOPMOLEKNAWAYRAK

KATEC

KOPMOLEKNAWAYRAK

TAC

KOPMOLEKNAWAYRAK

GNIKCAP

KOPMOLEK NAWAYRAK

ILAB

KOPMOLEK NAWAYRAK

FFATS

KOPMOLEKNAWAYRAK

GNISINIF


25

aynnahawab arap amasreb ajrekeb tuki aguj numan lortnok nad hatnirep

.aynajrek gnadib iauses

.E ailanosreP

ailanosrep anerak gnitnep haltagnas ailanosrep ,naahasurep utaus malaD

itupilem ailanosreP .naahasurep naujut iapacnem malad utnabmem tapad

satilisaf ,ajrek aganet halmuj ,)nemturker( nawayrak nahilimep nad nakiranep

nial nad ,ijag ,hapu nairebmep ,ajrek -l gnay halasam naiaru ini tukireB .nia

.ayaduB raggnaS ailanosrep tukgnaynem

.1 ajreK aganeT halmuJ

kusamret gnaro 97 halada ayaduB raggnaS ajrek aganet halmuJ

aynnaicnireP .)rodnam( gnusgnal nasata ,nipmimep aynmaladid

: tukireb iagabes halada

.a nal nasatA kusamret ,gnaro 4 irad iridret )rodnaM( gnusg

halas iagabes narepreb aguj ayaduB raggnaS nanipmip/kilimep

ratnaid tubesret rodnam tapmE .rodnam utas : utiay ayna

)1 ajrekeb sugilakes naahasurep kilimep halada namiguS kapaB

iagabes nad ,ilab ,gnidluom rodnam .ffats

)2 iagabes rucneK kapaB nam .katec rod

)3 kapaB G nad tac rodnam iagabes ludnu .gnisinif

)4 kapaB iagabes deseK .gnikcap rodnam

.b id gnay nawayraK kapaB helo gnusgnal isataid uata irodnam

naro 91 halmujreb aynhurules namiguS g :


35

)1 gnidluom nawayraK gnaro 6 :

)2 ilaB nawayraK gnaro 8 :

)3 ffatS nawayraK gnaro 3 :

)4 ripoS gnaro 2 :

.c kapaB helo gnusgnal isataid uata irodnamid gnay nawayraK

: gnaro 32 halmujreb aynhurules rucneK

)1 matih katec nawayraK gnaro 5 :

)2 hitup katec nawayraK gnaro 4 :

)3 osart katec nawayraK gnaro 5 :

)4 CRJ katec nawayraK gnaro 9 :

.d kapaB helo gnusgnal isataid uata irodnamid gnay nawayraK

halmujreb aynhurules ludnuG : gnaro 71

)1 tac nawayraK gnaro 11 :

)2 gnihsinif nawayraK gnaro 6 :

.e kapaB helo gnusgnal isataid uata irodnamid gnay nawayraK

mujreb aynhurules deseK halada aynhurules gnay gnaro 61 hal

.gnikcap naigab nawayrak

.2 ajreK aganeT nakiraneP

itrepes kadit ayaduB raggnaS id ajrek aganet nakiranep sesorP

iskeles nakukalem nagned utiay aynmumu adap raseb naahasurep

aganet nakiranep sesorp ayaduB raggnaS iD .kusam gnay naramal

takaraysam igab naajrekep nagnapal akubmem nagned utiay ajrek


45

p ratikes naahasure hitalid nad kididid aidesreb nad ajrekeb nigni gnay

ulaL .naahasurep kilimep helo utab nanijarek gnatnet uluhad hibelret

naupmamek iauses ajrek gnadib ek naksukofid nahitalep naidumek

idnep takgniT .nawayrak paites helo ikilimid gnay nailhaek nad nakid

halokes sulul laminim iskudorp naigab adap nawayrak igab susuhk

)DS( rasad laminim )ffats( rotnak naiagab adap nawayrak nakgnades ,

.AMS sulul

.3 ajreK narutareP

.a ajrek isneserp ratfaD

ekid tapad ini isneserp irad anerak gnitnep ini isneserp ratfaD iuhat

natiakreb ini isneserP .aynnasala apa nad ridah kadit gnay apais

malaD .nawayrak nilpisid ialinem malad naahasurep ahasu nagned

iapmas nineS ialum ,irah 6 amales ajrekeb nawayrak uggnim utas

.utbaS

.b ajrek maJ

nineS iraH – utbaS P ialum 00.80 luku – P nad BIW 00.61 luku

taharitsi utkaw nineS irah – 00.21 lukuP utbaS – ,00.31 lukuP

00.11 lukuP ialum taharitsi utkaw tamuJ irah adap ilaucek – lukuP

.BIW 00.31

.c ajreK satilisaF

isavitom nakirebmem ahasu malaD naahasurep ,nawayrak adapek

animaj nakirebmem halada laisos nanimaJ .ijag gnipmasid laisos n


55

turunem nawayrak adapek nakirebid gnay naahasurep nairebmep

gnisam nahutubek nad utkaw ,naadaek - aratna ,nawayrak gnisam

: nial

)1 naitamek aynlasim ,habisum tapadnem gnay nawayraK

s tapadnem naka akam agraulek .naahasurep irad nanutna

irad alerakus tafisreb ,utnet kadit nanutnas gnau aynraseB

.naahasurep

)2 nad natabognep ,ajrek naakalecek imalagnem nawayrak aliB

.naahasurep helo gnuggnatid natawarep

)3 .ituc tapadnem naka nakrihalem gnay itawayraK

)4 nairebmeP .)RHT( ayaR iraH nagnajnuT

.d nawayraK sutatS naalolegneP

)1 pateT nawayraK

nad patet nawayrak iagabes takgnaid halet gnay nawayraK

.nanalub ijag tapadnem

)2 nairaH nawayraK

,patet nawayrak iagabes takgnaid muleb gnay nawayraK

aces nakajrekepid halet numan nairah araces ijagid nad nitur ar ,

.utbaS irah paites nakukalid ijag narayabmep anamid

)3 nagnoroB nawayraK

satitnauk nagned iauses hapu amirenem gnay nawayraK

.naklisahid halet gnay kudorp


65

.e naijaggneP metsiS

)1 nairaH hapU

nad nairah nawayrak kutnu ukalreb ini hapu metsiS

nakanaskalid aynnarayabmep paites .utbaS irah hapu aynraseB

atar - ,000.53.pR irah 1 atar -

)2 nanaluB hapU

patet nawayrak adapek nakirebid gnay hapU .aynnalub paites

sebes nakirebid gnay nanalub hapu aynraseB ,000.052.1 .pR ra -

)3 nagnoroB hapU

adapek nakirebid ini hapU nakrasadreb nawayrak ajrek lisah

gnisam naklisahid gnay iskudorp lisah turunem nawayrak -

.nawayrak gnisam akitek aynah ajrekeb nagnorob nawayraK

ajrekeb kutnu naahasurep atnimid rah nawayrak akij kadit nai

upmam kaynab gnay nanasep tabika naajrekep nakiaseleynem

.nakutnetid halet gnay utkaw tegrat nad

.F ajreK nad utkaW nilpisiD

,ajrekeb malad nawayrak nagnatadek ianegnem narutarep aparebeb adA

: utiay

.1 pes( 01 laminim gnatad naksurahid nawayraK maj mulebes tinem )hulu

.ajrek


75

.2 gnay nawayrak akam ,iradnihid tapad kadit natabmalretek alibapA

,uluhad hibelret nasata adapek nakuhatirebmem naksurahid natukgnasreb

uata ,nofelet ,sms tawel asib nakiapmaynem .ajrek namet tawel

.3 .ajrek maj taas enohpdnah awabmem gnaraliD

.4 ajrek maj taas adap kiab sarek namunim ismusnokgnem helob kadiT

.taharitsi maj taas adap nupuata

.G narasameP

ayaduB raggnaS ,narasamep iges malaD kudorp nakrasamem - aynkudorp

taubmem nagned kudorp nalaujnep tasup aparebebid nakigabid gnay rusorb -

nad ,nanijarek kudorp id tapmet - gnarab naremap tapmet - nanijarek gnarab nad

dorp nakremamem sugilakes ku - naremap tapmetid aynnanijarek kudorp

tubesret raggnaS uti nialeS . m aguj ayaduB kutnu tenretni aidem nakanuggne

kudorp nakrasamem - iuhatekid nad tahilid tapad raga aynnanijarek kudorp

.ainud hurulesid takaraysam helo

gnilap iridnes aisenodnI id ayaduB raggnaS nanijarek kudorp nalaujneP

k ek halada kaynab p ada aguj uti niales ,ilaB ato irad nanase gnudnaB ,atrakaJ

ul ek nalaujnep kutnu nakgnadeS .ayabaruS nad hadus ini taas irgen ra iapmas

hadus aguj nakhab ,akiremA nad ailartsuA ek habmarem aragen ek - aragen

namreJ ,sicnarP ,loynapS itrepes aporE .aidnalniF nad ,aigleB ,


85

.H nagnaueK

muS anad reb lawa gnay anug ayaduB raggnaS naahasurep helorepid

irad lasareb naahasurep nakgnabmegnem ijag utausid ajrekeb kilimep akitek

naigabes aguj ada uti gnipmasid nalitnuM haread id nanijarek naahasurep

anad majnip na . nataafnameP nakanugid anad ukab nahab ilebmem kutnu

nad gnutap mep natalarep ilebmem gnutap nataub . nagnutnuek haleteS

nalaujnep kudorp ipakgnelem aguj naahasurep kilimep habmatreb nikames

hasurep iagabes yraC ikuzuS haub 1 nad kurt haub 1 ilebmem nagned naa

gnarab tukgna naaradnek . id aguj anad uti nialeS kutnu nakanug ijaggnem

.nawayrak arap nawayrak halmuj suret habmanem ialum kilimep iapmaS ayn

naatnimrep aynkaynab nagned gniries kudorp padahret narasap - kudorp

uata anad asis ,ukab nahab ilebmem nad nawayrak ijag kutnu nialeS .gnutap

aguj helorepid gnay hisreb nagnutnuek kutnu nakanugid nad gnubatid

idabirp naulrepek agraulek nad surep kilimep atres naaha ib natawarep aya

.tukgna naaradnek nad natalarep

.I iskudorP lisaH

: utiay ,kudorp macam aparebeb naklisahgnem ayaduB raggnaS

.1 taP gnu

matih utab nakanuggnem tahap kinket nagned gnutap taubmem kutnU

gnutap taubmem kutnu gnades - .niser katec nakanugid licek gnutap

.sinej/fitom 03+ ada hadus ayaduB raggnaS id gnutap kudorp gnarakeS

.aynnijarep irad aguj nad nasemep irad asib niaseD


95

.2 feileR

utab kubres nahab nakanuggnem feiler taubmem kutnU taubmem sesorP .

laham hibel asib aynagrah nad amal gnay utkaw nakamem asaib ini feiler

.aynnijarep irad aguj nad nasemep irad asib niaseD .gnutap irad

.3 nemanrO

nugid gnay nahab ,feiler nagned amaS .utab kubres nagned aguj naka

irad asib niaseD .amal gnay utkaw nakamem asib aguj nataubmep sesorP

.aynnijarep irad aguj nad nasemep


06

V BAB

NASAHABMEP NAD ATAD SISILANA

ini bab adaP silunep nad atad nalupmugnep lisah ianegnem sahabmem

taubmem silunep ,nakhutubid gnay atad halorepmem kutnU .atad nahalognep

renoiseuk nawayrak hurules helo isiid nad nakigabid gnay nasata kahip kusamret

naahasurep id utab nanijarek uB raggnaS ayad atrakaygoY lutnaB nahisaK .

id ialum renoiseuK 2102 rebmetpeS 3 laggnat adap nakigab . naigabmep numaN

nawayrak hurules adapek nakigabid gnusgnal kadit renoiseuk ,sugilakes

naknialem aces nakukalid gnisam naajrekep gnadib nakrasadreb pahatreb ar -

ak gnisam .nawayr renoiseuk 57 halada nakigabid gnay renoiseuk hurules halmuJ

nigni gnay )nasata kusamret kadit( nawayrak hurules halmuj nagned iauses

isasinagro ayadub nad nanipmimepek kitsiretkarak ianegnem itiletid id

tubesret naahasurep . gnay renoiseuk nakgnadeS ajrenik naialinep ianegnem

d nawayrak nasata kahip helo isii lmujreb gnay gnisam anamid ,gnaro 4 ha - gnisam

gnisam ialinem nasata - ini ajrenik naialinep renoiseuK .aynnahawab gnisam

.ayntukireb irah adap isiid nad nakigabid nakigabid gnay renoiseuk hurules iraD

adapek kahip nawayrak nahawab aguj nad ,renoiseuk 57 halmujreb gnay

gnisam ialinem kutnu nasata kahip adapek nakigabid gnay renoiseuk - gnisam

aynnahawab ,renoiseuk 57 halmujreb aynhurules aguj gnay renoiseuk hurules

ret tubes .aumes nakilabmekid nad isiid halet

renoiseuk naisignep taas natabmah aparebeb ada numaN imalaid gnay

araces acabmem asib kadit nawayrak 4 tapadret anamid nawayrak kahip helo

anerak salej nad atam natahesek rotkaf itilenep aynrihka agned aynisatagnem n


16

asahab nagned tubesret nawayrak 4 padahret gnusgnal aracnawaw nakukalem

naaynatrep itni adap patet numan imahapid hadum gnay iauses naaynatrep naturu

aguj ada uti nialeS .renoiseuk malad nakujaid gnay kadit gnay nawayrak aparebeb

rep irad duskam imahamem naynat - euk malad nakujaid gnay naaynatrep ,renois

p ulal itilene nakirebmem nagned tubesret halasam isatagnem nasalejnep ilabmek

itregnemid kadit gnay naaynatrep meti ianegnem ned hadum gnay asahab nag

imahapid .tubesret nawayrak helo nawayrak mulebes gnamem aneraK ialum

renoiseuk isignem , itilenep ac naksalejnem naksalejnem nad renoiseuk isignem ar

ihuragnepmem apnat nakujaid gnay naaynatrep lebairav paites irad duskam

repmem nad renoiseuk isignem malad nawayrak b gnay nawayrak nakhalis mule

uata naisignep sesorp adap idaJ .itilenep adapek aynatreb kutnu imahamem kadit

raneb itilenep ini renoiseuk - naisignep iapmas nagnipmadnep nakukalem raneb

.iaseles renoiseuk

ijugnem ini naitileneP aynkadit uata ada huragnep nednepedni lebairav

negoske( su itupilem ) nanipmimepeK kitsiretkaraK X( 1 nad ) isasinagrO ayaduB

X( 2) padahret odne( nedneped lebairav K utiay )suneg nawayraK ajreni (Y) .

itnauk sisilanA t satilibaileR iju nad satidilaV iju( nemurtsni iju sata iridret fita

ismusA iju ,)nemurtsni isergeR , nad adnagreB reiniL isergeR sisilanA .

( kanul takgnarep nakanuggnem nagned nakukalid atad nahalogneP erawtfos )

1 SSPS 7 0. nad 7002‘ lecxE eciffO tfosorciM .

nagned nakukalid nemurtsni satidilav ijU snoitalerroC nosraeP nagned

ialin nakgnidnabmem r gnutih r ialin padahret lebat . kinket aratnemeS s’hcabnorC

ahplA satilibailer ijugnem kutnu nakanugid .


26

.A sisilanA fitpirkseD

.1 peK kitsiretkaraK nipmime na

nanipmimepek kitsiretkarak lebairav adap renoiseuK

1 alaks nakanuggnem – anamid ,9 nakkujnunem 1 kitsiretkarak

nanipmimepek s kadit tagna nagned iapmas tauk nakkujnunem 9

nanipmimepek kitsiretkarak s tauk tagna : utiay ,irogetak 5 idajnem taubid ,

irogeteK I 1 00, – 2 95, kadit tagnaS tauk

II 06,2 – 91,4 kadiT tauK

III 02,4 – 97,5 tauK pukuC

VI 08,5 – 93,7 tauK

V 04,7 – tauK tagnaS 00,9

atar atad halo lisaH - padahret nahawab ispesrep roks atar

adap kusam nad 75,6 halada )1 naripmaL( nipmimep kitsiretkarak

ab ispesrepreb nahawab mumu araces aynitrA .tauk utiay VI irogetak awh

gnurednec akerem nipmimep nahawab adapek naayacrepek nakirebmem

iukagnem ,nakhatnirepid gnay naajrekep paites nakanaskalem malad

helo nakukalid gnay apa sata aynirid adap ada bawajgnuggnat

ta kasur gnay kudorp kiab ,aynnahawab ep iauses kadit nanayal ua ,nanas

awabmem upmam raga gnajnap akgnaj nagnadnap ikilimem atres

.irah naidumekid gnabmekreb nad ujam patet kutnu tinu/naahasurep


36

.2 isasinagrO ayaduB

1 alaks nakanuggnem isasinagro ayadub lebairav adap renoiseuK –

kadit tagnas isasinagro ayadub nakkujnunem 1 anamid ,9 fisudnok iapmas

s isasinagro ayadub nakkujnunem 9 nagned fisudnok tagna idajnem taubid ,

: utiay ,irogetak 5

irogetaK I 1 00, – 95,2 kadit tagnaS fisudnok

II 06,2 – 91,4 kadiT fisudnok

II I 02,4 – ,5 97 fisudnok pukuC

VI 08,5 – ,7 93 fisudnoK

V 04,7 – 00,9 fisudnoK tagnaS

atar atad halo lisaH - nahawab ispesrep roks atar ayadub padahret

30,7 halada )1 naripmaL( isasinagro m nad utiay VI irogetak adap kusa

fisudnok ab mumu araces aynitrA . ayadub awhab ispesrepreb nahaw

ayaduB raggnaS id isasinagro gnurednec malad natamrecek paggnagnem

tauses idajnem naajrekep paites nakiaseleynem kutnu gnitnep gnay u

nad nakukalid isavoni - gnaid aguj okisir libmagnem inareb nad isavoni pag

atres ,nakukalid kutnu gnitnep hadus mit malad amasajrekeb gnilas

amasreb inalajid gnay isidart idajnem .


46

.3 nawayraK ajreniK

1 alaks nakanuggnem nawayrak ajrenik lebairav adap renoiseuK –

nagned iapmas hadner tagnas nawayrak ajrenik nakkujnunem 1 anamid ,9

,irogetak 5 idajnem taubid ,iggnit tagnas nawayrak ajrenik nakkujnunem 9

: utiay

irogetaK I 00,1 – 95,2 hadner tagnaS

II 06,2 – 91,4 hadneR

III 02,4 – 97,5 iggnit pukuC

VI 08,5 – ,7 93 iggniT

V 04,7 – 00,9 iggniT tagnaS

atad halo lisaH atar - araces gnusgnal nasata naialinep roks atar

mumu nahawab ajrenik padahret 92,7 halada )1 naripmaL( m nad kusa

iggnit utiay VI irogetak adap aynitrA . akiaseleynem upmam nawayrak n

sagut - gnay utkaw nad satilauk )radnats iauses( kiab araces sagut

malad kiab gnay naaidesek takgnit ikilimem nawayrak ,nakpatetid

iasaugnem nawayrak atres ,aynnaajrekep nupuam sagut nakiaseleynem

d naajrekep aumes aggnihes aynajrek gnadib iauses naajrekep tapa

.kiab nagned anaskalret


56

.B satilibaileR nad satidilaV ijU sisilanA

.1 satidilaV ijU

utaus anam huajes nakkujnunem kutnu nakukalid satidilaV ijU

satidilav ijU .rukuid gnay lebairav rukugnem tapad uti rukugnep tala

nagned nakukalid akanuggnem n 0.71 SSPS margorp farat nagned ,

0 isnakifingis n )fd( nasabebek tajared nad 50, – ialin tapadid akam ,27 = 3

:tukireb iagabes halada lebairav pait naijugnep lisaH .822,0 aynlebat r

1.V lebaT

ijU lisaH )1X( nanipmimepeK kitsiretkaraK lebairaV satidilaV

naaynatreP metI r neisifeoK agraH lebat r nagnareteK

1Q

2Q

3Q

4Q

5Q

6Q

7Q

8Q

9Q

01Q

11Q

21Q

295,0

046,0

418,0

996,0

407,0

418,0

537,0

647,0

947,0

616,0

517,0

797,0

822,0

822,0

822,0

822,0

822,0

822,0

822,0

822,0

822,0

822,0

822,0

822,0

dilaV

dilaV

dilaV

dilaV

dilaV

dilaV

dilaV

dilaV

dilaV

dilaV

dilaV

dilaV


66

.V lebaT 2

ijU lisaH isasinagrO ayaduB lebairaV satidilaV 2X( )


31Q

41Q

51Q

61Q

71Q

81Q

91Q

765,0

536,0

387,0

437,0

065,0

766,0

206,0

822,0

822,0

822,0

822,0

822,0

822,0

822,0

dilaV

dilaV

dilaV

dilaV

dilaV

dilaV

dilaV

3.V lebaT

ijU lisaH nawayraK ajreniK lebairaV satidilaV Y( )


02Q

12Q

22Q

32Q

42Q

52Q

528,0

688,0

618,0

838,0

188,0

438,0

822,0

822,0

822,0

822,0

822,0

822,0

dilaV

dilaV

dilaV

dilaV

dilaV

dilaV


76

lebat nakrasadreB - satidilav sisilana lisah lebat tubesret tapad

meti aumes awhab naklupmisid - nakataynid naitilenep nemurtsni meti

rad hibel aynialin meti aumes anerak dilav 822,0 i .

.2 r ijU satilibaile

satilibailer ijU hakapa ,ruku tala isnetsisnok iuhategnem kutnu nakanugid

akij netsisnok patet nad nakladnaid tapad nakanugid gnay ruku tala

.gnaluid tubesret narukugnep

( ahplA edotem nakanuggnem naijugneP s’hcabnorC margorp nagned )

SSPS .50,0 isnakifingis farat adap nakukalid isnakifingis ijU .0.71

.6,0 itrepes utnetret nasatab nagned lebailer nakatakid tapad nemurtsni

gnaruk satilibailer ,)62:8002( ontayirP malad )2991( narakeS turuneM

7,0 itakednem nakgnades ,kiab gnaruk halada 6,0 irad nad amiretid tapad

.kiab halada 8,0 sataid

.a nanipmimepeK kitsiretkaraK

iju lisaH satilibailer lebairav nanipmimepeK kitsiretkaraK tapad

lebat adap tahilid .ini hawab id

4.V lebaT

ibaileR ijU lisaH nanipmimepeK kitsiretkaraK satil

scitsitatS ytilibaileR

s'hcabnorC

ahplA smetI fo N

729. 3


86

,0 rasebes ahplA ialin tapadid lebat irad tahiliD 729 ialin nakgnades

r lebat 822,0 ritub awhab naklupmisid tapad akam - nemurtsni ritub

lebailer tubesret naitilenep kiab nad .

.b isasinagrO ayaduB

iju lisaH satilibailer lebairav isasinagrO ayaduB tapad adap tahilid

lebat .ini hawab id

5.V lebaT

isasinagrO ayaduB satilibaileR ijU lisaH



lebailer tubesret naitilenep .kiab nad


s'hcabnorC

ahplA smetI fo N

009. 3


96

.c nawayraK ajreniK

iju lisaH satilibailer nawayraK ajreniK lebairav adap tahilid tapad

lebat .ini hawab id

6.V lebaT

satilibaileR ijU lisaH nawayraK ajreniK



lebailer tubesret naitilenep .kiab nad


s'hcabnorC

ahplA smetI fo N

919. 3


07

.C ijU lisaH reP tarays na isergeR adnagreB reiniL

.1 satilamroN ijU

anuggnep malad ihunepid surah gnay taraysarp iju utas halaS na

.satilamron iju utiay kirtemarap sisilana nakanugid ini satilamron ijU

lebairav iserger ledom malad hakapa ijugnem kutnu nad nedneped

uata lamron isubirtsidreb gnay isalupop irad lasareb nednepedni lebairav

alibapa utiay nakanugid gnay airetirK .kadit n iali mysA 2( .giS .p - )deliat >

.%5 ahpla takgnit irad

lebaT V.7 enO - vorogomloK elpmaS - tseT vonrimS

kitsiretkaraK

nanipmimepeK

( 1X )

ayaduB

isasinagrO ( 2X )

ajreniK

nawayraK (Y)

N 57 57 57

lamroN

sretemaraP b,,a

naeM 0008.87 3312.94 0027.34

noitaiveD .dtS 78388.51 78915.7 45052.6

emertxE tsoM

secnereffiD

etulosbA 511. 611. 521.

evitisoP 270. 170. 590.

evitageN - 511. - 611. - 521.

vorogomloK - Z vonrimS 299. 400.1 280.1

2( .giS .pmysA - )deliat 872. 662. 291.

.lamroN si noitubirtsid tseT .a

.atad morf detaluclaC .b

adaP lebaT V. ialin awhab tahilid tapad 7 2( .giS .pmysA - )deliat

tapad akaM .)50,0( %5 ahpla takgnit irad raseb hibel lebairav agitek

isubirtsidreb gnay isalupop irad lasareb tubesret atad awhab naklupmisid

.lamron


17

.2 aeniL ijU isergeR siraG satir

aenil ijU nakanugid gnay icnuk nakapurem ini iserger sirag satir

usam kutnu reinil iserger ledom ek k uses kadit tubesret icnuk alibapA . ,ia

aenil iju lisah irad aynitra kadit iserger sirag awhab nakataynem satir

aynitra ,reinil iserger ledom adap kusam tapad kadit atik akam ,reinil

m malad nakanugid tapad kadit reinil iserger ledom atad sisilanagne nad

nakbawajgnuggnatrepid tapad kadit aynitnan helorepid gnay sisilana lisah

nakulrepid gnay naitilenep nalupmisek aparebeb nalibmagnep malad

)521:5002 ,otnamraduS( . aenil naijugneP malad iserger sirag satir

.avonA lebat sisilana uata natakednep nakanuggnem ini naitilenep airetirK

nakparetid gnay naijugnep iserger sirag nareinilek nakataynem kutnu

.isnakifingis neisifeok agrah nakanuggnem utiay A ialin alibap isnakifingis

irad oitaiveD ytiraeniL morf n iserger ledom akam %5 ahpla irad >

.reinil kutnebreb

lebaT V 8. aeniL ijU lisaH 1X *Y isergeR siraG satir

elbaT AVONA

fo muS

serauqS fd

naeM

erauqS F .giS

nawayraKajreniK

* Y

peKkitsiretkaraK

1Xnanipmime

neewteB

spuorG

enibmoC(

)d

147.25 63 564.1 910.2 710.

ytiraeniL 213. 1 213. 134. 615.

noitaiveD

morf

ytiraeniL

824.25 53 894.1 560.2 510.

spuorG nihtiW 865.72 83 527.

latoT 903.08 47


27

lebaT V 9. 2X *Y isergeR siraG satireiniL ijU lisaH

elbaT AVONA

fo muS

serauqS fd

naeM

erauqS F .giS

nawayraKajreniK

* Y

asinagrOayaduB

2Xis

neewteB

spuorG

)denibmoC( 516.53 82 272.1 903.1 502.

ytiraeniL 617.1 1 617.1 667.1 091.

noitaiveD

morf

ytiraeniL

998.33 72 652.1 292.1 812.


latoT 903.08 47

lebaT V 01.

L sisilanA lisaH nasakgniR aeni aynnalupmiS nad isergeR siraG satir

nagnareteK isnakifingiS ahplA isidnoK nalupmiS

*Y 1X

2X *Y

510,0

812,0

50,0

50,0

A < S

A > S

noN - reinil

reiniL

.3 satiraenilokitluM ijU

aynkadit ada ijugnem kutnu naujutreb satiraenilokitlum ijU

il gnay nagnubuh iserger sisilana malaD .nednepedni lebairav ratna raen

naka agudid gnay nednepedni lebairav tapadret naka akam adnag

tapad naka uti naagudneP .aynnedneped lebairav ihuragnepmem

epid ajret kadit alibapa nakbawajgnuggnatr aynada id satiraenilokitlum


37

lebairav aratnaid - kutnu nakanugid gnay airetirK .aynnednepedni lebairav

nakataynem tapad kadit uata satiraenilokitlum idajret hakapa

is neisifeok alibapA .isnakifingis neisifeok nakanuggnem irad > isnakifing

aratnaid satiraenilokitlum idajret kadit nakataynid tapad akam %5 ahpla

%5 ahpla irad < isnakifingis neisifeok aliB .nednepedni lebairav

.aynnednepedni lebairav aratnaid satiraenilokitlum idajret nakataynid

lebaT V. 11 snoitalerroC

imepeKkitsiretkaraK

1Xnanipm

XisasinagrOayaduB

2

imepeKkitsiretkaraK

1Xnanipm

noitalerroC nosraeP 1 506. **

2( .giS - )deliat 000.

N 57 57

XisasinagrOayaduB

2

noitalerroC nosraeP 506. ** 1


N 57 57

2( level 10.0 eht ta tnacifingis si noitalerroC .** - .)deliat

11.V lebat adaP aynitra gnay 50,0 < 000,0 .gis ialin tahilid tapad

.aynnednepedni lebairav aratnaid satiraenilokitlum idajret ismusa idaJ

.ihunepret kadit satiraenilokitlum aynada kadit

.4 isalerokotuA ijU

hakapa iuhategnem kutnu nakduskamid ini isalerokotua naijugneP

isalerokotua aynadA .kadit uata natamagnep atad aratnaid isalerok idajret

naktabikagnem tapad nad muminim kadit snairav iaynupmem riskanep

iju - a anerak ,nakanugid tapad kadit t gnay nalupmisek nakirebmem nak


47

halas nagned isketedid ini naitilenep malad isalerokotua aynkadit adA .

iju nakanuggnem nibruD - nostaW kutnu nakanugid gnay narukU .

kitsitats ialin alibapa utiay isalerokotua aynkadit ada nakataynem nibruD -

nostaW kgna itakednem atad awhab nakataynid tapad akam ,2 a

,aynkilabes lah malad ,isalerokotua ikilimem kadit tubesret natamagnep

.isalerokotua tapadret nakataynid akam

21.V lebaT yrammuS ledoM b

ledoM R

R

erauqS

R detsujdA

erauqS

eht fo rorrE .dtS

etamitsE nibruD - nostaW

1 932. a 50. 7 130. 74520.1 7.1 79

1XnanipmimepeKkitsiretkaraK ,2XisasinagrOayaduB ,)tnatsnoC( :srotciderP .a

YnawayraKajreniK :elbairaV tnednepeD .b

krasadreB 21.V lebat adap sisilana lisah na awhab nakkujnunem

ialin nibruD - nostaW 7,1 rasebes nakataynid tapad tubesret ialiN .79

idajret kadit awhab naklupmisid tapad aggnihes ,aud akgna itakednem

.natamagnep atad aratnaid isalerokotua

.5 satisitsadeksoreteH ijU

nem kutnu nakduskamid ini satisitsadeksoreteh ismusa ijU iuhateg

aumes kutnu amas kadit uata amas tulosba laudiser isairav hakapa

kadit ini satisitsadeksoreteh aynidajret kadit ismusa alibapA .natamagnep

neisife igal kadit idajnem riskanep akam ,ihunepret lepmas malad kiab

isifeok isamitse nad raseb nupuam licek idajnem nakatakid tapad ne

idajret hakapa nakataynem kutnu nakanugid gnay airetirK .taruka gnaruk


57

atad aratnaid kadit uata satisitsadeksoreteh tapad natamagnep

neisifeok nakanuggnem isnakifingis neisifeoK .)satilibaborp( isnakifingis

)satilibaborp ialin( alibapA .%5 ahpla takgnit nagned nakgnidnabid surah

kadit nakataynid tapad akam ,%5 ahpla irad > isnakifingis neisifeok

neisifeok aliB .natamagnep atad aratnaid satisitsadeksoreteh idajret

satisitsadeksoreteh idajret nakataynid %5 ahpla irad < isnakifingis

.natamagnep atad aratnaid

31.V lebaT noitalerroC cirtemarapnoN

snoitalerroC

itsiretkaraK

mimepeKk

1Xnanip

grOayaduB

2Xisasina 1xa 2xa

s'namraepS

ohr

KkitsiretkaraK

nanipmimepe

1X

noitalerroC

tneiciffeoC

000.1 307. ** 950. - 101.

2( .giS - )deliat . 000. 816. 883.

N 57 57 57 57

inagrOayaduB

2Xisas

noitalerroC

tneiciffeoC

307. ** 000.1 290. - 500.

2( .giS - )deliat 000. . 034. 569.

N 57 57 57 57

1xa noitalerroC

tneiciffeoC

950. 290. 000.1 374. **

2( .giS - )deliat 816. 034. . 000.

N 57 57 57 57

2xa noitalerroC

tneiciffeoC

- 101. - 500. 374. ** 000.1

2( .giS - )deliat 883. 569. 000. .

N 57 57 57 57



67

31.V lebat nakrasadreB natakednep nagned iauses knar isalerok

sakgnirid tapad aynlisah akam ,namraepS iagabes naklupmisid nad

: tukireb

41.V lebaT

areteK nagn isnakifingiS ahplA isidnoK

1X – 1XA 816,0 50,0 plA>giS

2X – 2XA 569,0 50,0 plA>giS

ah nasakgnir nakrasadreB 41.V lebat adap nagnutihrep lis

nem u na nagnubuh satilibaborp ialin awhab nakkujn sabeb lebairav arat

,nakpatetid gnay isnakifingis farat sataid huaj ayntulosba laudiser nagned

helorepid gnay atad awhab naklupmisid tapad ,uti anerak helO .%5 utiay

.satisitsadekoreteh aynada tapadret kadit

.D nataraysreP ijU lisaH nasahabmeP niL isergeR adnagreB rei

iju ianegnem naitilenep edotem bab adap gnuggnisid halet anamiagabeS

a utiay ,adnagreb reinil iserger nataraysrep nataraysrep alibap reinil iserger

adnagreb nad nakanugid tapad adnag reinil iserger akam ,ihunepret tubesret

kam ,ada gnay nataraysrep ihunemem kadit alibapa adnag reinil iserger a kadit

.nakanugid tapad adnag reinil iserger nataraysrep iju lisah nakrasadreb naD

lorepid ataynret nakukalid halet gnay nataraysrep iju aud ada awhab lisah he

.adnagreb reinil iserger sisilana nakukalid kutnu tarays ihunemem kadit gnay

tubesret iju audeK aenil iju utiay iserger sirag satir satiraenilokitlum iju nad .


77

sirag tapadret awhab nakkujnunem iserger sirag satiraenil iju lisah adaP

reinil kadit gnay iserger tapad kadit iserger ledom awhab nakadnanem gnay

iju aynihunepret kadit uti nialeS .atad sisilanagnem malad nakanugid

nakbabeynem tapad aguj satiraenilokitlum nednepedni lebairav naagudnep

gnuggnatrepid tapad kadit aynnedneped lebairav ihuragnepmem naka

naktujnalid tapad kadit naitilenep akam tubesret lisah nakrasadreB .nakbawaj

iauses nagned lawa naujut utiay silunep nagned reinil iserger sisilana

.adnagreb

lO ,uti anerak he silunep kutnu naksutumem m gnay sisilana ledom taubme

.urab T iserger sisilana utiay nakanugid naka gnay ayntujnales sisilana kinke

reinil .anahredes anahredes iserger sisilana malaD surah gnay taraysarp ,

iju adap pukuc ihunepid satilamron ismusa . p ,tubesret lah nakrasadreB silune

naksutumem aynrihka nakukalem nagned naitilenep arac sisilanagnem

ayaduB lebairav padahret nanipmimepeK kitsiretkaraK lebairav huragnep

.isasinagrO

aD ini sisilana nahilimep ras halada enem silunep anerak rutaretil nakum -

awhab nakatagnem gnay rutaretil idajret tapad ayadub isasinagro nakatpicid

nad ,nipmimep helo isasinagro ayadub kutnu huragnepreb tagnas tauk gnay

,nial atak nagneD .ukalirepreb malad gnaroeses isnetsisnok naktakgninem

malad gnaroeses ajrenik naktakgninem gnay gnitnep rotkaf idajnem ayadub

ajrekeb .)7991 aradN malad snibboR nehpetS(

ikames gnay nasala ,uti gnipmasiD taubmem kutnu silunep naktaugnem n

urab sisilana ledom ini kitlum iju lisah tahilem anerak utiay gnay satiraenilo


87

lebairav aratna nagnubuh tapadret awhab nakkujnunem inI .ihunepret kadit

.isasinagrO ayaduB lebairav nad nanipmimepeK kitsiretkaraK

.E isilanA uraB isergeR s isergeR( reiniL )anahredeS

utas aratna raenil araces nagnubuh halada anahredes reinil iserger sisilanA

.)Y( nedneped lebairav nagned )X( nednepedni lebairav nakrasadreB

adnagreb reinil iserger nataraysrep iju sisilana lisah ianegnem nasahabmep

,nakukalid tapad kadit gnay d urab iserger ledom taubmem silunep akam na

halada anahredes iserger nakanuggnem nagned gnarakes lautpesnok akgnarek

:tukireb iagabes

1.V rabmaG uraB lautpesnoK akgnareK : )anahredeS isergeR(

k nakrasadreB il / akatsup naija rutaret - rutaretil itilenep gnay nakumet

awhab nakatagnem , me naknurutid ilsa ayaduB )642 : 0002( snibboR turun

.ayniridnep tafaslif irad turuneM iauses nahawab ukalirep aliB )1991 ,niehcS(

gid halet gnay margorp nagned a gnay ialin akam nanipmip helo naksir

idni ukalirep alib aynkilabes nad ,iggnit halada aynhelorepid malad udiv

margorp malad nakgnautid gnay anamiagabes naranebek irad huaj isasinagro

nipmimep helo ajrek d ,hadner aynialin utisid akam , ayaduB naikimed nagne

aynnipmimeP helo nakatpicid . ulaL )659 : 0991( gniewznesoR nad tsaK

y naayadubek awhab nakakumegnem gnay takgnarep nakapurem tauk gna

etkaraK kitsirnanipmimepeK

)X(

isasinagrO ayaduB )Y(


97

tnenem kutnu tauk u nakajregnem iawagep arap utnabmem ,ukalirep nak

ibel tikides nagned akerem naajrekep .kiab h naD : 0102 ,onsirtuS( turunem

i uata atoggna ukalirep adap huragnepreb isasinagro ayaduB )12 n atres udivid

utaus nakapurem isasinagro ayaduB .isasinagro utaus malad id kopmolek

gnaro nakkareggnem tapad gnay ,kapmat kadit gnay laisos nataukek - gnaro

itka nakukalem kutnu isasinagro utaus malad s ,idaJ .ajrek sativ kadit arace

pait radas - ad id gnaro pait gro utaus mal a gnay ayadub irajalepmem isasin

.aynisasinagro malad id ukalreb

nakrasadreB rutaretil - rutaretil tubesret , akam kutnu abocnem itilenep

huragnep anamiagab tahilem kitsiretkaraK K ayaduB padahret nanipmimepe

isasinagrO ayaduB raggnaS naahasurep id S . e halet gnay itrep naksalejid

iroet malad ayadub aynhuggnuses awhab isasinagro helo nakatpicid

nad ,nipmimep isasinagro ayadub naka ukalirep adap huragnepreb

ajrenik iapacnem kutnu isasinagro maladid kopmolek atres udividni/atoggna

hibel gnay iggnit .

51.V lebaT anahredeS reiniL isergeR sisilanA lisaH

stneiciffeoC a

ledoM

dezidradnatsnU

stneiciffeoC

dezidradnatS

stneiciffeoC

t .giS B rorrE .dtS ateB

1 )tnatsnoC( 808.3 705. 515.7 000.

kitsiretkaraK

nipmimepeK

Xna

194. 670. 506. 884.6 000.

YisasinagrOayaduB :elbairaV tnednepeD .a


08

.F )t ijU( anahredeS isergeR neisifeoK ijU

d t ijU lebairav huragnep ijugnem kutnu nakanugi kitsiretkaraK

peK nanipmime et isasinagrO ayaduB lebairav padahr . hakapa tahilem kutnU

padahret nanipmimepeK kitsiretkaraK huragnep ada isasinagrO ayaduB tapad

hakgnal nagned nakukalid - : tukireb iagabes sisilana hakgnal

.1 sisetopiH nakutneneM

H 0 : padahret nanipmimepeK kitsiretkaraK huragnep ada kadiT ayaduB

isasinagrO

H1 : padahret nanipmimepeK kitsiretkaraK huragnep adA ayaduB

isasinagrO

.2 ihgneM gnutih t akgna aynraseb gnut .

SSPS nagnutihgnep lisaH 51.V lebat adap tahilid tapad( ) akgna helorepid

884,6 gnutih t .

.3 eM isnakifingis farat nautnetek nagned lebat t akgna aynraseb gnutihgn

nasabebek tajared nad 50,0 n = fd -k-1 57( = -1-1 lebat t helorepiD .37 = )

.299,1 rasebes

.4 : tukireb iagabes aynsisetopiH ijU airetirK nakutneneM

gnutih t akiJ H akam lebat t > 0 H nad kalotid 1 .amiretid

gnutih t akiJ H akam lebat t < 0 H nad amiretid 1 .kalotid

.5 nasutupeK

repid nagnutihgnep lisah nakrasadiD > 884,6 rasebes gnutih t akgna helo t

H akam ,299,1 rasebes lebat 0 kalotid H nad 1 amiretid ada ,aynitrA .


18

K huragnep padahret nanipmimepeK kitsiretkara isasinagrO ayaduB .

iD d taukrep aynitra 50,0 < 000,0 akgna adap gis ialin nagne nakifingis

.%5 α adap

neisifeok iju lisah nakrasadreB huragnep ada awhab naklupmisid tapad

.isasinagrO ayaduB padahret nanipmimepeK kitsiretkaraK nakifingis gnay inI

tkaraK tauk nikames itra ikilimem fisudnok nikames nanipmimepeK kitsire

.isasinagrO ayaduB

kitsiretkaraK nakifingis gnay huragnep aynada ,naikimed nagneD

agrO ayaduB padahret nanipmimepeK iroet helo naksalejid tapad isasin - iroet

lo nakatpicid isasinagro ayadub nakataynem gnay ilha arap irad .nipmimep he

.G nasahabmeP

ini naitileneP aynlawa jutreb iuhategnem kutnu nau lebairav huragnep

)isasinagrO ayaduB nad nanipmimepeK kitsiretkaraK( nednepedni kiab

iridnes nupuam amasreb araces - iridnes ajreniK( nedneped lebairav padahret

lutnaB ayaduB raggnaS utab nanijarek naahasurep adap )nawayraK

atrakaygoY adnagreb reinil iserger sisilana nakanuggnem nagned , . numaN

iju aud ada ataynret adnagreb reinil iserger sisilana nakukalid mulebes

nu nataraysrep taubmem aggnihes ,ihunepret kadit gnay adnagreb iserger kut

naitilenep lawa naujut nad nakukalid tapad kadit adnagreb iserger sisilana

huragnep iuhategnem kutnu araces amasreb - iridnes nad amas - iridnes

aynrihka id tapad kadit nupsisetopih nad iapacret kadit .nakitkub naidumeK


28

nu naksutupid uti haletes reinil iserger utiay urab iserger ledom taubmem kut

.anahredes

pukuc ini iserger ledom adap anerak hilipid anahredes reinil isergeR

uti niales ,sisilana nataraysrep iagabes satilamron ismusa iju nakanuggnem

aguj urab akatsup naijak nahelorep nakrasadreb taubid gnatnet aynada

gnusgnal huragnep lebairav padahret nanipmimepek lebairav ayadub

isasinagro . naD gnay satiraenilokitlum iju lisah nagned naktaukid naidumek

ihunepret kadit aynada awhab isakidni iagabes lebairav aratna nagnubuh

.isasinagrO ayaduB lebairav nagned nanipmimepeK kitsiretkaraK

B tubesret nasala nakrasadre m , nep aka silu huragnep sisilanagnem

.isasinagrO ayaduB lebairav padahret nanipmimepeK kitsiretkaraK lebairav

naD ataynret , akukalid haletes sisilana n .nakifingis aynlisah helorepiD

kitsiretkaraK nakifingis gnay huragnep ada awhab nalupmisek

isasinagrO ayaduB padahret nanipmimepeK utab nanijarek naahasurep id

,ini ayaduB raggnaS 299,1 lebat t > 884,6 gnutih t ialin nagned nakitkubid

krepid nad .50,0 < 000,0 giS ialin nagned tau


38

IV BAB

NASATABRETEK NAD NARAS ,NALUPMISEK

.A nalupmiseK

A huragnep iuhategnem kutnu duskamreb ini naitilenep aynlaw

iridnes nad amasreb araces - nanipmimepeK kitsiretkaraK aratna iridnes

nawayraK ajreniK padahret isasinagrO ayaduB nad sisilana nakanuggnem

adnagreb reinil iserger haleteS . nad atad nalupmugnep nakukalid

ataynret sisilanaid awhab lisah helorepid kadit adnagreb reinil iserger

iju adap sisilana lisah anerak nakbabesid ini laH .nakukalid tapad

reinil iserger kutnu nataraysrep adnagreb tapadret gnay nataraysrep iju

.ihunepret kadit huragnep iuhategnem kutnu lawa naujut itrareb inI

iridnes nad amasreb - iridnes nad nanipmimepeK kitsiretkaraK aratna

nawayraK ajreniK padahret isasinagrO ayaduB .iapacret kadit

mem silunep ayntujnaleS utiay urab iserger sisilana ledom taub

naD .anahredes reinil iserger sisilana nagned aynada nagned gnukudid

urab akatsup naijak nakumenem silunep anamid rutaretil - gnay rutaretil

awhab nakatagnem idajret tapad helo nakatpicid isasinagro ayadub

etes nad ,ayniridnep tafaslif irad naknurutid uata nipmimep alid hal nakuk

sisilana anahredes reinil iserger sisilana nakanuggnem nagned ataynret

,raneb ini naahasurep id awhab aratna nakifingis gnay huragnep tapadret

karaK siret nanipmimepeK kit isasinagrO ayaduB padahret .


48

lada ini sisilana irad nalupmisek akaM awhab ha kitsiretkaraK

.isasinagrO ayaduB padahret huragnepreb nanipmimepeK turunem naD

tagnas tauk gnay isasinagro ayadub ,)7991 aradN malad( snibboR nehpetS

malad gnaroeses isnetsisnok naktakgninem kutnu huragnepreb

gnay gnitnep rotkaf idajnem ayadub ,nial atak nagneD .ukalirepreb

.ajrekeb malad gnaroeses ajrenik naktakgninem

.B naraS

nakujagnem silunep akam ,nasahabmep nad sisilana lisah nakrasadreB

nahab iagabes nakanugrepid tapad aynarikes gnay naras aparebeb

naktakgninem malad ayaduB raggnaS nanipmip igab nagnabmitrep

nawayrak ajrenik lisah nakrasadreb taubid naraS .iggnit hibel gnay

meti nakecegnep - atar gnay naaynatrep meti - aumes irad roks atar

,hadner fitaler hisam nednopser iggnit hadus gnay nakgnades

nial aratna ,naknahatrepid :

.1 gnineM a kepsa naktak nanipmimepek kitsiretkarak keps hisam gnay

,amatreP .hadner fitaler kepsa lanigiro na )nipmimep irad ilsa( malad

tra surah nipmimep nai sahk iric/nakinuek naktakgninem hibel gnay

nupuam nasagag apureb kiab nipmimep nalisahrebek icnuk idajnem

aynnawayrak nipmimem ai arac ,audeK . kepsa ksa yhw dna tahw s

( apagnem nad apa nakaynanem surah nipmimep gnaroes aynduskam )

aynhalasam raka irad nalaosrep paites tahilem ulales ,agiteK . kepsa


58

ouq sutats eht segnellahc ( nanapamek gnatnenem nipmimep inisid )

.nahaburep iakuynem nad saup tapec kadit raga tutnutid

.2 M naknahatrepme kepsa - kepsa isasinagro ayadub halet gnay nad pudih

d fisudnok gnay naahasurep malad i arap nakkareggnem upmam

kepsa iauses kadnitreb nad ajrekeb kutnu nawayrak - kepsa gnitnep

.isasinagro ayadub malad

.C nasatabreteK

malaD atres aladnek kaynab hisam nakasarem silunep ,ini naitilenep

: nial aratna ,tapadid gnay naitilenep lisah iapacnem kutnu nasatabretek

.1 ahamem nad acabmem malad nednopser naupmamek nasatabreteK im

anerak helo nakuja silunep gnay renoiseuk malad naaynatrep isi

nednopser taubmem gnay atam natahesek nad aisu rotkaf aynada

imalagnem m nad acabmem kutnu natilusek .naaynatrep isi imahame

nagned utnabmem hadus siluneP renoiseuk nakacabmem arac uata

imahapid hadum gnay asahab nagned gnusgnal aracnawaw nakukalem

naaynatrep tiakret - renoiseuk malad naaynatrep patet numan okisir ada

iauses %001 kadit nednopser nabawaj atres namahamep awhab

.naaynatrep nagned

.2 atad adap nahameleK opser nabawaj lisah gnay renoiseuk irad nedn

nednopser nabawaj nakparahgnem aynlawa silunep anamid nakigabid

1 alaks nakanuggnem nagned isairavreb nad magareb tapad – ,9

nednopser nabawaj raseb naigabes ataynret numan adap gnurednec


68

akgna nahilip - nabawaj akgna utnetret k uata irad isairavreb gnaru

.naaynatrep meti paites uti laH tapad sisilana lisah adap huragnepreb

atad aynihunepret kadit itrepes nad iserger sirag satiraenil iju iju

satiraenilokitlum


78

AKATSUP RATFAD

.6991 .I ybboR ,ardnahC sinsiB ainuD akitE .suisinaK :atrakaygoY .

.9002 .yraG ,relsseD MDS nemejanaM 1 ukub . .nahamejreT skednI : atrakaJ

.E semaJ nad E tnomerF ,tsaK gniewznesoR .1991 nemejanaM isasinagrO .

akaJ r .araskA imuB :at

.7991 .uhudizilaT ,aradN takereP :isasinagrO ayaduB seskuS isasinagrO .

51 isidE ,6 .oN ,raliP halajaM – .atrakaJ .0002 teraM 82

.4991 .P nehpetS ,snibboR ukalireP isasinagrO nahamejreT .2 nad 1 diliJ .

aajuP t .relupoP umlI anauhB .TP :atrakaJ .akam

..……… .5002 .P nehpetS , roivaheB lanoitazinagrO nosraeP .noitidE htnevelE ,

.yesreJ weN ,reviR elddaS reppU ,.cnI ,noitacudE

orogenukgnaM , ubarP rawnA .0002 . aisunaM ayaD rebmuS nemejanaM

.naahasureP gnudnaB : .ayrakadsoR ajameR .TP

sihtaM L treboR , nad .H nohJ noskcaJ . .1002 aisunaM ayaD rebmuS nemejaM .

.tapmE abmelaS :atrakaJ

regdE ,niehcS .1991 .H A :pilredaeH dna erutluC lanoitazinagrO D weiV cimany .

ycsseY :ocsisnarF naS – .rehsilbuP ssaB

.5002 .J namayaP ,katnujnamiS ajreK isaulavE nad nemejanaM agabmeL .

.atrakaJ ,IUEF tibreneP

.5991 .irsaM ,nubmiragniS yevruS naitileneP edoteM .SE3PL :atrakaJ .

.5002 .nawanuG ,otnamraduS nagned adnaG raeniL isergeR sisilanA SSPS .

umlI aharG :atrakaygoY


88

.7991 .onoyiguS naitileneP kutnu akitsitatS .atebaflA :gnudnaB .

.3002 .onoyiguS sinsiB naitileneP edoteM .atebaflA :gnudnaB .

.0102 .ydE ,onsirtuS .isasinagrO ayaduB .anacneK :atrakaJ

.7002 .atiR ,borahT padahreT isasinagrO ayaduB kitsiretkaraK huragneP

nawayraK ajreniK .aladnaM aydiW kilotaK satisrevinU : nuidaM .

102 .ardniW ,anadraW .0 nawayraK ajreniK nad isasinagrO ayaduB :atrakaygoY .

.amrahD atanaS satisrevinU

rebmuS enilno :

snahtuL , .derF 12 .1102 teraM mimeP nalisahrebeK icnuK idajnem nip , :LRU

moc.topsgolb.nidumilaysara//:pttH

,snibboR .P nehpetS .1102 teraM 12 isasinagrO ukalireP :LRU ,

/isasinagroukalirephailuk/etis/moc.elgoog.setis//:sptth

.……… .1102 teraM 12 ,oJ yraM nad isasinagrO ayaduB :LRU ,

ayaduB/88324294/cod/moc.dbircs.www//:ptth - isasinagrO -S-P- snibboR -

nad - yraM - oJ - hctaH

orogenopiD satisrevinU .1102 teraM 12 , ajreniK naitregneP :LRU ,

fdp.500ispirkS/1/64092/di.ca.pidnu.stnirpe//:ptth

suohtroN .G.P ,e nirbuD nad .1102 lirpA 4 , K nanipmimepe igetartS nad ayaduB , ,

:LRU nagnubuh/ybmeb/ten.erahsedils.www//:ptth - nanipmimepek -

ayadub - nad - igetarts

U awoI ydutS ytisrevin ehT nad ydutS pihsredaeL nagihciM ylraE .1102 lirpA 4 ,

ayaG nanipmimepeK :LRU , hanitrawus//:ptth -

lmth.nanipmimepek/40/0102/moc.topsgolb.anit


98

S niehc , .H regdE .1102 rebmetpeS 22 isasinagrO ayaduB :LRU ,

ayadub/3043isamrofnimetsis/ten.erahsedils.www//:ptth - isasinagro -

58571301

.1102 rebmetpeS 22 ,.……… isasinagrO ayaduB taafnaM nad isgnuF :LRU ,

isgnuf/40/1102/moc.nakididnephalajam.www//:ptth - nad - taafnam -

ayadub - lmth.isasinagro

niffirG , W ykciR . 2102 iraunaJ 7 . nemejanaM naitregneP :LRU ,

naitregnep/21/1102/ten.evitpmusnoc.www//:ptth - tnemejanam -

lmth.isinifed

,namharjdieH nad ojodnapunaR dauS H nansu . .2102 iraunaJ 7 nemejanaM

rebmuS aisunaM ayaD , :LRU

namejanam/21/1102/moc.topsgolb.airdniatco//:ptth - rebmus - ayad -

aisunam - lmth.mds

,aromamiS .yrneH .2102 sutsugA 4 ayaD rebmuS nemejanaM naitregneP

aisunaM :LRU , naitregnep/60/2102/moc.topsgolb.tudegebm//:ptth -

nemejanam - rebmus - 8kaU3lz0hQU.#lmth.ayad

aicoS E secneicS l scimonoc .2102 sutsugA 4 , isasinagrO ayaduB naitregneP ,

:LRU laicos/moc.gnoovhs.di//:ptth - 9586622/scimonoce/secneics -

naitregnep - ayadub - /isasinagro

O iroeT eniln , .3102 iraurbeF 6 anahredeS isergeR ismusA :LRU ,

ssps/ten.enilnoiroet//:ptth - iserger - /anahredes


NARIPMAL


09

1 naripmaL

naitileneP ataD isalubaT


19

1 naripmaL naitileneP ataD

NANIPMIMEPEK KITSIRETKARAK LEBAIRAV NEDNOPSER NABAWAJ RATFAD

seR romoN naaynatreP

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 01 11 21 lmJ 2ataR

1 7 8 7 8 7 8 7 8 7 7 7 7 88 33.7

2 6 7 7 5 7 6 4 5 6 6 5 6 07 38.5

3 7 7 7 6 5 7 6 6 7 8 6 6 87 5.6

4 4 6 3 8 8 6 2 3 3 2 2 5 25 33.4

5 9 6 8 9 9 8 9 1 5 3 8 6 18 57.6

6 5 6 4 7 6 6 5 5 6 5 7 5 76 85.5

7 5 5 5 6 6 6 7 6 7 7 7 7 47 71.6

8 7 8 8 7 8 9 8 8 9 8 9 7 69 8

9 7 8 7 8 9 6 6 8 6 5 7 7 48 7

01 6 2 8 8 9 7 6 9 1 1 8 7 27 6

11 4 4 4 6 6 4 6 6 6 4 5 6 16 80.5

21 4 5 7 9 7 4 9 6 8 6 3 6 47 71.6

31 6 6 6 7 7 6 7 6 6 6 7 6 67 33.6

41 8 8 9 8 8 6 6 7 7 6 7 7 78 52.7

51 8 7 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 5 9 9 101 24.8

61 4 7 6 1 8 7 1 3 5 5 6 1 45 5.4

71 8 9 9 9 8 8 8 9 8 5 9 9 99 52.8

81 8 8 8 9 9 8 9 9 8 8 9 9 201 5.8

91 8 7 7 6 8 7 6 7 5 6 9 8 48 7

02 3 1 2 6 9 6 9 1 3 6 7 6 95 29.4

12 6 6 7 8 9 7 6 6 5 6 8 6 08 76.6

22 6 5 7 5 8 7 5 8 7 6 9 8 18 57.6

32 9 9 8 9 9 8 7 9 9 7 9 9 201 5.8

541 541 351 461 971 651 841 541 341 821 361 351 2281 251

3.6 3.6 56.6 31.7 87.7 87.6 34.6 3.6 22.6 75.5 90.7 56.6 6.6

42 7 5 7 7 8 6 5 6 7 8 6 5 77 24.6

52 8 6 7 6 8 7 7 8 6 6 9 9 78 52.7

62 7 7 3 3 7 3 5 7 7 6 3 3 16 80.5

72 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 7 7 6 5 16 80.5

82 8 8 8 7 6 8 7 7 7 7 8 7 88 33.7

92 8 6 6 6 7 7 7 5 5 5 6 4 27 6

03 6 6 5 7 7 6 6 7 7 8 8 8 18 57.6

13 8 7 8 7 6 8 7 7 8 7 8 7 88 33.7

23 7 8 9 5 6 9 9 5 7 8 4 7 48 7


29

33 7 8 4 6 7 8 8 6 9 8 2 7 08 76.6

43 7 4 4 5 7 8 8 9 5 5 6 6 47 71.6

53 8 9 6 7 9 9 8 5 6 7 8 7 98 24.7

63 5 6 4 3 3 6 3 4 3 3 5 4 94 80.4

73 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 61 33.1

83 6 6 7 7 8 5 8 9 7 5 9 7 48 7

93 6 6 7 5 7 7 6 7 8 4 6 8 77 24.6

04 6 7 7 7 8 8 7 9 7 8 9 7 09 5.7

14 7 6 8 7 9 7 7 9 6 8 9 9 29 76.7

24 7 6 5 7 8 7 6 8 5 7 9 8 38 29.6

521 711 111 901 721 521 021 021 811 811 321 021 3341 911

85.6 61.6 48.5 47.5 86.6 85.6 23.6 23.6 12.6 12.6 74.6 23.6 92.6

34 1 4 3 8 5 7 3 9 9 5 8 6 86 76.5

44 9 8 8 7 8 8 7 6 7 7 7 6 88 33.7

54 6 6 5 7 7 5 6 5 5 5 8 5 07 38.5

64 7 8 8 6 8 7 5 8 7 6 6 8 48 7

74 6 1 8 9 9 9 7 9 9 8 9 9 39 57.7

84 5 6 6 7 8 5 6 8 6 5 7 7 67 33.6

94 6 8 5 7 7 6 8 6 6 4 6 4 37 80.6

05 9 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12 57.1

15 8 7 7 6 7 9 8 8 7 7 7 7 88 33.7

25 6 6 8 7 8 7 8 8 9 8 8 7 09 5.7

35 3 5 3 6 7 6 6 7 5 4 7 7 66 5.5

45 7 5 6 8 8 7 8 7 8 7 8 7 68 71.7

55 6 6 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 7 8 7 68 71.7

65 6 8 8 5 7 7 7 8 7 7 6 7 38 29.6

75 7 5 5 7 9 6 7 9 6 6 7 8 28 38.6

85 9 8 8 8 8 9 8 8 7 7 8 8 69 8

95 8 7 8 7 8 8 7 7 8 7 7 6 88 33.7

901 99 401 411 221 411 011 221 511 101 811 011 8331 211

14.6 28.5 21.6 17.6 81.7 17.6 74.6 81.7 67.6 49.5 49.6 74.6 65.6

06 7 7 6 7 5 7 6 7 7 7 5 6 77 24.6

16 7 8 9 8 7 6 4 6 4 4 6 5 47 71.6

26 6 5 5 5 5 5 3 3 4 5 6 5 75 57.4

36 5 6 6 7 8 6 5 7 7 5 8 8 87 5.6

46 1 1 1 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 6 6 85 38.4

56 9 7 9 8 9 8 5 9 7 1 9 8 98 24.7

66 7 6 7 6 6 7 7 7 6 6 7 7 97 85.6

76 7 6 7 8 9 7 6 9 7 6 9 8 98 24.7

86 5 5 5 7 6 5 6 5 6 7 6 7 07 38.5


39

96 3 7 7 8 9 6 6 7 5 6 6 8 87 5.6

07 9 8 9 8 7 9 8 8 8 9 7 7 79 80.8

17 8 7 8 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 7 39 57.7

27 8 8 8 7 9 8 7 9 8 6 9 9 69 8

37 9 8 8 9 7 9 8 8 9 8 8 8 99 52.8

47 9 8 8 8 7 8 8 8 9 8 6 6 39 57.7

57 9 8 8 6 8 8 6 7 7 9 8 6 09 5.7

901 501 111 511 611 311 99 411 801 201 411 111 7131 011

18.6 65.6 49.6 91.7 52.7 60.7 91.6 31.7 57.6 83.6 31.7 49.6 68.6

lmJ

884 664 974 205 445 805 774 105 484 944 815 494 0195 394 Rata2

15.6 12.6 93.6 96.6 52.7 77.6 63.6 86.6 54.6 99.5 19.6 95.6 75.6


49


ISASINAGRO AYADUB LEBAIRAV NEDNOPSER NABAWAJ RATFAD

seR

romoN naaynatreP

31 41 51 61 71 81 91 lmJ 2ataR

1 8 7 7 7 8 7 7 15 92.7

2 9 8 9 6 8 6 7 35 75.7

3 7 7 6 6 7 8 8 94 7

4 7 9 8 9 8 8 9 85 92.8

5 8 7 1 2 4 7 7 63 41.5

6 5 6 6 7 6 5 5 04 17.5

7 7 7 7 6 7 5 6 54 34.6

8 8 9 9 8 8 8 8 85 92.8

9 8 6 7 6 8 6 7 84 68.6

01 9 7 7 1 1 7 8 04 17.5

11 6 6 6 6 6 5 7 24 6

21 7 9 3 6 9 7 8 94 7

31 6 9 6 7 7 7 8 05 41.7

41 6 7 6 7 8 7 7 84 68.6

51 9 9 9 9 9 8 9 26 68.8

61 9 6 5 4 6 5 2 73 92.5

71 8 9 9 8 9 7 9 95 34.8

81 9 8 9 7 9 9 9 06 75.8

91 7 6 5 6 7 8 9 84 68.6

02 9 9 2 4 9 4 2 93 75.5

12 8 7 6 6 8 6 5 64 75.6

22 7 7 8 7 8 7 9 35 75.7

32 9 9 9 8 9 9 9 26 68.8

42 8 9 8 7 6 7 7 25 34.7

52 8 7 7 6 8 9 9 45 17.7

62 9 9 9 9 9 9 1 55 68.7

72 5 5 5 5 5 4 5 43 68.4

82 7 8 7 7 7 7 8 15 92.7

92 5 6 5 5 6 5 4 63 41.5

03 6 8 8 8 9 8 9 65 8

13 7 7 8 7 7 8 7 15 92.7

23 7 9 7 7 9 4 7 05 41.7

33 6 5 3 7 8 5 8 24 6

43 7 5 8 8 8 8 7 15 92.7


59

53 8 9 9 8 9 9 9 16 17.8

63 4 5 4 6 5 4 4 23 75.4

73 1 9 8 7 5 9 9 84 68.6

83 8 6 9 8 6 9 9 55 68.7

93 4 7 8 9 9 8 7 25 34.7

04 6 8 8 7 9 6 8 25 34.7

14 7 7 7 7 8 7 9 25 34.7 24 7 8 6 7 6 8 9 15 92.7

34 4 7 2 4 7 5 9 83 34.5 44 9 9 9 7 7 7 8 65 8

54 4 1 5 4 6 5 5 03 92.4

64 8 7 6 7 6 8 6 84 68.6

74 9 6 7 6 9 9 6 25 34.7

84 5 7 6 5 8 7 7 54 34.6

94 7 7 5 6 5 6 5 14 68.5

05 3 9 5 5 9 9 1 14 68.5

15 8 9 9 8 7 7 6 45 17.7

25 9 8 7 8 7 8 9 65 8

35 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 24 6

45 9 7 8 5 6 6 6 74 17.6

55 9 9 9 7 8 7 7 65 8

65 7 8 7 9 6 7 8 25 34.7

75 7 6 7 8 8 9 7 25 34.7

85 9 9 9 7 7 7 7 55 68.7

95 9 8 9 7 8 7 8 65 8

06 7 7 7 7 6 6 7 74 17.6

16 6 5 6 7 8 5 6 34 41.6

26 4 7 7 5 7 6 6 24 6

36 6 8 8 7 6 7 8 05 41.7

46 1 6 6 6 7 6 6 83 34.5

56 9 9 9 8 9 8 8 06 75.8

66 7 7 9 8 9 8 9 75 41.8

76 6 8 5 7 8 8 6 84 68.6 86 4 9 5 5 6 5 6 04 17.5 96 8 8 6 6 8 7 7 05 41.7 07 9 9 8 7 7 9 9 85 92.8 17 8 8 8 8 7 3 7 94 7 27 9 9 8 7 8 6 7 45 17.7 37 9 9 8 9 7 8 9 95 34.8 47 7 9 7 6 9 9 9 65 8 57 9 7 7 6 7 6 9 15 92.7 lmJ 725 955 415 694 745 715 135 1963 725

Rata2 30.7 54.7 58.6 16.6 92.7 98.6 80.7 30.7


69


NAWAYRAK AJRENIK LEBAIRAV NEDNOPSER NABAWAJ RATFAD

seR romoN naaynatreP

02 12 22 32 42 52 lmJ 2ataR

1 8 8 8 8 8 8 84 8

2 8 8 8 8 8 8 84 8

3 8 7 8 7 8 8 64 76.7

4 8 8 8 8 8 8 84 8

5 7 7 7 7 7 7 24 7

6 8 7 6 7 7 7 24 7

7 8 7 7 7 7 6 24 7 8 7 8 6 7 7 7 24 7

9 8 8 7 6 8 6 34 71.7 01 9 7 8 7 8 8 74 38.7

11 8 9 7 8 9 7 84 8

21 9 9 8 8 7 7 84 8 31 9 8 7 9 8 8 94 71.8 41 8 7 8 7 8 7 54 5.7 51 9 9 8 8 9 7 05 33.8 61 7 9 7 9 9 7 84 8 71 9 8 9 7 8 7 84 8 81 8 8 8 7 8 7 64 76.7 91 8 7 8 7 8 7 54 5.7 02 7 8 8 7 8 7 54 5.7

12 7 8 8 7 8 7 54 5.7

22 8 8 7 7 8 8 64 76.7

32 8 8 7 8 7 8 64 76.7

42 7 8 8 9 8 8 84 8

52 8 9 8 9 9 8 15 5.8

62 8 8 8 9 8 8 94 71.8

72 7 8 8 9 8 9 94 71.8

82 8 9 9 9 8 8 15 5.8

92 8 9 8 9 9 8 15 5.8

03 7 8 8 8 9 8 84 8

13 8 9 9 8 9 9 25 76.8

23 7 8 8 6 7 7 34 71.7

33 8 8 7 7 6 7 34 71.7

43 8 9 9 8 8 8 05 33.8

53 8 7 8 7 9 9 84 8

63 7 8 9 8 9 8 94 71.8


79

73 9 8 9 9 7 9 15 5.8

83 8 8 9 8 7 8 84 8

93 8 8 7 8 9 8 84 8

04 9 8 9 9 8 9 25 76.8

14 8 8 7 9 9 9 05 33.8

24 8 8 7 9 9 9 05 33.8

34 1 2 2 2 2 2 11 38.1

44 8 8 8 4 6 5 93 5.6

54 8 7 8 3 7 6 93 5.6

64 6 7 7 6 8 9 34 71.7

74 8 8 8 9 7 7 74 38.7 84 6 6 5 7 6 7 73 71.6

94 8 8 7 7 7 7 44 33.7

05 8 8 7 7 7 7 44 33.7

15 7 8 6 6 7 6 04 76.6

25 6 6 7 6 7 6 83 33.6

35 7 7 8 7 7 6 24 7

45 8 8 8 7 7 7 54 5.7

55 7 8 7 7 7 6 24 7

65 7 7 7 6 7 8 24 7

75 7 8 7 8 8 8 64 76.7

85 6 5 6 5 5 5 23 33.5

95 6 6 6 6 6 7 73 71.6

06 7 6 7 4 6 7 73 71.6

16 8 8 7 5 6 7 14 38.6

26 5 5 6 4 5 5 03 5

36 8 7 8 5 7 7 24 7

46 7 7 7 5 7 6 93 5.6

56 8 8 7 6 7 8 44 33.7

66 7 6 6 6 7 7 93 5.6

76 6 5 5 5 5 6 23 33.5

86 8 8 7 4 8 7 24 7

96 7 6 7 4 7 7 83 33.6

07 7 7 7 5 6 7 93 5.6

17 7 6 7 5 7 7 93 5.6

27 7 7 7 4 6 7 83 33.6

37 7 6 7 6 7 6 93 5.6

47 8 8 8 6 7 8 54 5.7

57 7 7 6 5 7 7 93 5.6 lmJ 165 165 155 115 355 245 9723 745

Rata2 84.7 84.7 53.7 18.6 73.7 32.7 92.7


89

2 naripmaL

satilibaileR nad satidilaV sisilanA


99

2 naripmaL satilibaileR ijU nad satidilaV ijU

NANIPMIMEPEK KITSIRETKARAK LEBAIRAV SATIDILAV TUPTUO

snoitalerroC

1Q 2Q 3Q 4Q 5Q 6Q 7Q 8Q 9Q 01Q 11Q 21Q 1X

1Q nosraeP

noitalerroC

1 375. ** 936. ** 362. * 472. ** 294. ** 683. ** 392. ** 303. ** 062. * 292. ** 772. ** 295. **

1( .giS - )deliat 000. 000. 110. 900. 000. 000. 500. 400. 210. 600. 800. 000.

N 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57

2Q nosraeP

noitalerroC

375. ** 1 936. ** 092. ** 643. ** 925. ** 813. ** 353. ** 594. ** 283. ** 932. * 103. ** 046. **

1( .giS - )deliat 000. 000. 600. 100. 000. 300. 100. 000. 000. 020. 400. 000.

N 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57

3Q nosraeP

noitalerroC

936. ** 936. ** 1 025. ** 345. ** 266. ** 474. ** 625. ** 415. ** 763. ** 735. ** 655. ** 418. **

1( .giS - )deliat 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 100. 000. 000. 000.

N 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57

4Q nosraeP

noitalerroC

362. * 092. ** 025. ** 1 695. ** 884. ** 175. ** 305. ** 654. ** 742. * 525. ** 056. ** 996. **

1( .giS - )deliat 110. 600. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 610. 000. 000. 000.

N 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57

5Q nosraeP

noitalerroC

472. ** 643. ** 345. ** 695. ** 1 845. ** 405. ** 215. ** 143. ** 262. * 516. ** 316. ** 407. **

1( .giS - )deliat 900. 100. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 100. 210. 000. 000. 000.

N 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57

6Q nosraeP

noitalerroC

294. ** 925. ** 266. ** 884. ** 845. ** 1 485. ** 115. ** 865. ** 805. ** 085. ** 195. ** 418. **

1( .giS - )deliat 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000.

N 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57

7Q nosraeP

noitalerroC

683. ** 813. ** 474. ** 175. ** 405. ** 485. ** 1 334. ** 055. ** 035. ** 034. ** 295. ** 537. **

1( .giS - )deliat 000. 300. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000.

N 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57


001

8Q nosraeP

noitalerroC

392. ** 353. ** 625. ** 305. ** 215. ** 115. ** 334. ** 1 585. ** 053. ** 195. ** 317. ** 647. **

1( .giS - )deliat 500. 100. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 100. 000. 000. 000.

N 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57

9Q nosraeP

noitalerroC

303. ** 594. ** 415. ** 654. ** 143. ** 865. ** 055. ** 585. ** 1 286. ** 293. ** 935. ** 947. **

1( .giS - )deliat 400. 000. 000. 000. 100. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000.

N 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57

01Q nosraeP

noitalerroC

062. * 283. ** 763. ** 742. * 262. * 805. ** 035. ** 053. ** 286. ** 1 903. ** 004. ** 616. **

1( .giS - )deliat 210. 000. 100. 610. 210. 000. 000. 100. 000. 300. 000. 000.

N 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57

11Q nosraeP

noitalerroC

292. ** 932. * 735. ** 525. ** 516. ** 085. ** 034. ** 195. ** 293. ** 903. ** 1 476. ** 517. **

1( .giS - )deliat 600. 020. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 300. 000. 000.

N 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57

21Q nosraeP

noitalerroC

772. ** 103. ** 655. ** 056. ** 316. ** 195. ** 295. ** 317. ** 935. ** 004. ** 476. ** 1 797. **

1( .giS - )deliat 800. 400. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000.

N 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57

1X nosraeP

noitalerroC

295. ** 046. ** 418. ** 996. ** 407. ** 418. ** 537. ** 647. ** 947. ** 616. ** 517. ** 797. ** 1

1( .giS - )deliat 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000.

N 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57


1( level 50.0 eht ta tnacifingis si noitalerroC .* - .)deliat


101


LEBAIRAV SATIDILAV TUPTUO ISASINAGRO AYADUB

snoitalerroC

31Q 41Q 51Q 61Q 71Q 81Q 91Q 2X

31Q nosraeP

noitalerroC

1 733. ** 283. ** 171. 961. 612. * 481. 765. **

1( .giS - )deliat 200. 000. 270. 370. 130. 750. 000.

N 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57

41Q nosraeP

noitalerroC

733. ** 1 283. ** 843. ** 123. ** 253. ** 332. * 536. **

1( .giS - )deliat 200. 000. 100. 300. 100. 220. 000.

N 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57

51Q nosraeP

noitalerroC

283. ** 283. ** 1 936. ** 192. ** 644. ** 863. ** 387. **

1( .giS - )deliat 000. 000. 000. 600. 000. 100. 000.

N 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57

61Q nosraeP

noitalerroC

171. 843. ** 936. ** 1 025. ** 493. ** 143. ** 437. **

1( .giS - )deliat 270. 100. 000. 000. 000. 100. 000.

N 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57

71Q nosraeP

noitalerroC

961. 123. ** 192. ** 025. ** 1 292. ** 301. 065. **

1( .giS - )deliat 370. 300. 600. 000. 600. 981. 000.

N 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57

81Q nosraeP

noitalerroC

612. * 253. ** 644. ** 493. ** 292. ** 1 193. ** 766. **

1( .giS - )deliat 130. 100. 000. 000. 600. 000. 000.

N 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57

91Q nosraeP

noitalerroC

481. 332. * 863. ** 143. ** 301. 193. ** 1 206. **

1( .giS - )deliat 750. 220. 100. 100. 981. 000. 000.

N 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57


201

2X nosraeP

noitalerroC

765. ** 536. ** 387. ** 437. ** 065. ** 766. ** 206. ** 1

1( .giS - )deliat 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000.

N 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57


1( level 50.0 eht ta tnacifingis si noitalerroC .* - .)deliat


LEBAIRAV SATIDILAV TUPTUO NAWAYRAK AJRENIK snoitalerroC

02Q 12Q 22Q 32Q 42Q 52Q Y

02Q nosraeP

noitalerroC

1 367. ** 537. ** 525. ** 346. ** 906. ** 528. **

1( .giS - )deliat 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000.

N 57 57 57 57 57 57 57

12Q nosraeP

noitalerroC

367. ** 1 507. ** 686. ** 257. ** 516. ** 688. **

1( .giS - )deliat 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000.

N 57 57 57 57 57 57 57

22Q nosraeP

noitalerroC

537. ** 507. ** 1 325. ** 656. ** 706. ** 618. **

1( .giS - )deliat 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000.

N 57 57 57 57 57 57 57

32Q nosraeP

noitalerroC

525. ** 686. ** 325. ** 1 107. ** 086. ** 838. **

1( .giS - )deliat 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000.

N 57 57 57 57 57 57 57

42Q nosraeP

noitalerroC

346. ** 257. ** 656. ** 107. ** 1 727. ** 188. **

1( .giS - )deliat 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000.

N 57 57 57 57 57 57 57


301

NANIPMIMEPEK KITSIRETKARAK SATILIBAILER TUPTUO

yrammuS gnissecorP esaC

N %

sesaC dilaV 57 0.001

dedulcxE a 0 0.

latoT 57 0.001

eht ni selbairav lla no desab noiteled esiwtsiL .a

.erudecorp


s'hcabnorC

ahplA smetI fo N

729. 3

52Q nosraeP

noitalerroC

906. ** 516. ** 706. ** 086. ** 727. ** 1 438. **

1( .giS - )deliat 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000.

N 57 57 57 57 57 57 57

Y nosraeP

noitalerroC

528. ** 688. ** 618. ** 838. ** 188. ** 438. ** 1

1( .giS - )deliat 000. 000. 000. 000. 000. 000.

N 57 57 57 57 57 57 57




401

TUPTUO SATILIBAILER LEBAIRAV ISASINAGRO AYADUB


N %


dedulcxE a 0 0.

latoT 57 0.001


.erudecorp


s'hcabnorC

ahplA smetI fo N

009. 3

TUPTUO SATILIBAILER LEBAIRAV NAWAYRAK AJRENIK yrammuS gnissecorP esaC

N %


dedulcxE a 0 0.

latoT 57 0.001


.erudecorp




s'hcabnorC

ahplA smetI fo N

919. 3


501

3 naripmaL

adnagreB isergeR nataraysreP ijU


601

3 naripmaL adnagreB isergeR nataraysreP ijU

satilamroN ijU tuptuO

enO - vorogomloK elpmaS - tseT vonrimS

epeKkitsiretkaraK

1Xnanipmim

sasinagrOayaduB

2Xi

nawayraKajreniK

Y

N 57 57 57

sretemaraP lamroN b,,a naeM 0008.87 3312.94 0027.34

noitaiveD .dtS 78388.51 78915.7 45052.6

secnereffiD emertxE tsoM etulosbA 511. 611. 521.

evitisoP 270. 170. 590.

evitageN - 511. - 611. - 521.

vorogomloK - Z vonrimS 299. 400.1 280.1

2( .giS .pmysA - )deliat 872. 662. 291.

.lamroN si noitubirtsid tseT .a

.atad morf detaluclaC .b

isergeR siraG satiraeniL ijU tuptuO snaeM


sesaC

dedulcnI dedulcxE latoT

N tnecreP N tnecreP N tnecreP

* YnawayraKajreniK

XnanipmimepeKkitsiretkaraK

1

57 %4.79 2 %6.2 77 %0.001

* YnawayraKajreniK

2XisasinagrOayaduB

57 %4.79 2 %6.2 77 %0.001


701

1XnanipmimepeKkitsiretkaraK * YnawayraKajreniK

tropeR

YnawayraKajreniK

etkaraK

eKkitsir

pmimep

1Xnani naeM N noitaiveD .dtS

33.1 0005.8 1 .

57.1 3333.7 1 .

80.4 7661.8 1 .

33.4 0000.8 1 .

05.4 0000.8 1 .

57.4 0000.5 1 .

38.4 0005.6 1 .

29.4 0005.7 1 .

80.5 1111.8 3 32690.

05.5 0000.7 1 .

85.5 0000.7 1 .

76.5 3338.1 1 .

38.5 7661.7 3 67367.

00.6 7661.8 2 04174.

80.6 3333.7 1 .

71.6 7145.7 4 55737.

33.6 7661.7 2 12414.1

24.6 9883.7 3 84850.1

05.6 0000.7 3 76666.

85.6 0005.6 1 .

76.6 3333.7 2 07532.

57.6 6555.7 3 81905.

38.6 7666.7 1 .

29.6 7666.7 2 18249.

00.7 0004.7 5 51563.

71.7 0052.7 2 55353.


801

52.7 0000.8 2 11707.

33.7 7614.7 6 42990.1

24.7 9888.6 3 87783.1

05.7 7661.7 3 17103.1

76.7 3333.8 1 .

57.7 8772.7 3 98396.

00.8 2222.6 3 78838.

80.8 0005.6 1 .

52.8 0052.7 2 66060.1

24.8 3333.8 1 .

05.8 7666.7 2 00000.

latoT 7682.7 57 67140.1

elbaT AVONA

fo muS

serauqS fd

naeM

erauqS F .giS

* YnawayraKajreniK

ipmimepeKkitsiretkaraK

1Xnan

neewteB

spuorG

)denibmoC( 147.25 63 564.1 910.2 710.

ytiraeniL 213. 1 213. 134. 615.

morf noitaiveD

ytiraeniL

824.25 53 894.1 560.2 510.


latoT 903.08 47

noitaicossA fo serusaeM

R derauqS R atE derauqS atE

* YnawayraKajreniK


1

- 260. 400. 018. 756.


901

2XisasinagrOayaduB * YnawayraKajreniK

tropeR

YnawayraKajreniK

ayaduB

sinagrO

2Xisa naeM N noitaiveD .dtS

92.4 0005.6 1 .

75.4 7661.8 1 .

68.4 7661.8 1 .

41.5 0057.7 2 66060.1

92.5 0000.8 1 .

34.5 7661.4 2 38992.3

75.5 0005.7 1 .

17.5 8772.7 3 31184.

68.5 3333.7 2 00000.

00.6 7197.6 4 30272.1

41.6 3338.6 1 .

34.6 3385.6 2 62985.

75.6 0005.7 1 .

17.6 3338.6 2 18249.

68.6 4491.7 6 30530.1

00.7 9883.7 3 46787.

41.7 7661.7 4 86757.

92.7 6550.8 6 94397.

34.7 6829.7 7 97525.

75.7 3338.7 2 07532.

17.7 7661.7 3 76661.1

68.7 7661.7 3 09985.1

00.8 7619.6 6 27027.

41.8 0005.6 1 .

92.8 7661.7 3 67367.

34.8 0052.7 2 66060.1

75.8 0005.7 2 07532.


011

17.8 0000.8 1 .

68.8 0000.8 2 04174.

latoT 7682.7 57 67140.1

elbaT AVONA

fo muS

serauqS fd

naeM

erauqS F .giS

* YnawayraKajreniK

2XisasinagrOayaduB

neewteB

spuorG

)denibmoC( 516.53 82 272.1 903.1 502.

ytiraeniL 617.1 1 617.1 667.1 091.

morf noitaiveD

ytiraeniL

998.33 72 652.1 292.1 812.


latoT 903.08 47

noitaicossA fo serusaeM

R derauqS R atE derauqS atE

* YnawayraKajreniK

2XisasinagrOayaduB

641. 120. 666. 344.


111


satiraenilokitluM ijU tuptuO

snoitalerroC

peKkitsiretkaraK

1Xnanipmime

asinagrOayaduB

2Xis


1

noitalerroC nosraeP 1 506. **


N 57 57

2XisasinagrOayaduB noitalerroC nosraeP 506. ** 1


N 57 57



isalerokotuA ijU tuptuO

yrammuS ledoM b

ledoM R erauqS R

R detsujdA

erauqS

eht fo rorrE .dtS

etamitsE nibruD - nostaW

1 932. a 750. 130. 74520.1 797.1

1XnanipmimepeKkitsiretkaraK ,2XisasinagrOayaduB ,)tnatsnoC( :srotciderP .a

YnawayraKajreniK :elbairaV tnednepeD .b


211


satisitsadekoreteH ijU tuptuO snoitalerroC

kitsiretkaraK

nipmimepeK

1Xna

grOayaduB

2Xisasina 1xa 2xa

s'namraepS

ohr

pmimepeKkitsiretkaraK

1Xnani

noitalerroC

tneiciffeoC

000.1 307. ** 950. - 101.

2( .giS - )deliat . 000. 816. 883.

N 57 57 57 57

2XisasinagrOayaduB noitalerroC

tneiciffeoC

307. ** 000.1 290. - 500.

2( .giS - )deliat 000. . 034. 569.

N 57 57 57 57

1xa noitalerroC

tneiciffeoC

950. 290. 000.1 374. **

2( .giS - )deliat 816. 034. . 000.

N 57 57 57 57

2xa noitalerroC

tneiciffeoC

- 101. - 500. 374. ** 000.1

2( .giS - )deliat 883. 569. 000. .

N 57 57 57 57



311

4 naripmaL

isergeR ijU anahredeS


411

4 naripmaL anahredeS reiniL isergeR ijU

anahredeS isergeR tuptuO

yrammuS ledoM

ledoM R erauqS R

R detsujdA

erauqS

eht fo rorrE .dtS

etamitsE

1 506. a 663. 753. 14168.

nanipmimepeKkitsiretkaraK ,)tnatsnoC( :srotciderP .a

AVONA b

ledoM serauqS fo muS fd erauqS naeM F .giS

1 noissergeR 132.13 1 132.13 880.24 000. a

laudiseR 961.45 37 247.

latoT 004.58 47

nanipmimepeKkitsiretkaraK ,)tnatsnoC( :srotciderP .a

isasinagrOayaduB :elbairaV tnednepeD .b

stneiciffeoC a

ledoM

dezidradnatsnU

stneiciffeoC

dezidradnatS

stneiciffeoC

t .giS B rorrE .dtS ateB

1 tnatsnoC( ) 808.3 705. 515.7 000.

epeKkitsiretkaraK

nanipmim

194. 670. 506. 884.6 000.

isasinagrOayaduB :elbairaV tnednepeD .a


511

5 naripmaL

renoiseuK


611

RENOISEUK

aisigneP kujnuteP .n ( irakgniL O) nabawaj utas halas adap akgna turunem gnay

d iauses adnA raggnaS id ajrekeb adnA amales imala adnA gnay naataynek nagne

.ayaduB

turutreb hamel tagnas nakataynem kutnu nakduskamid 1 akgnA - iapmas kian turut

.tauk tagnas kutnu 9 nagned

nanipmimepeK lebairaV

.1 gnay )urab gnay utauses nakatpicnem( isavonireb gnires adnA rodnaM

nupuata ,ajrek edotem ,nasagag apureb kiab ,ada hadus gnay irad adebreb

.urab ajrek tala naanuggnep

gnires kadiT gnireS tagnaS

.2 asib ,aynsahk iric idajnem gnay kinu gnay utauses ikilimem adnA rodnaM

ajnem gnay nipmimem aid arac nupuata ,nasagag apureb irad icnuk id

.aynnalisahrebek

kinU tagnaS kinu kadit tagnaS

.3 nawayrak nad tinu/naahasurep nakgnabmegnem upmam adnA rodnaM

nakatpicnem( ,kiab gnay ajrek ayadub nakatpicnem nagned nipmipid gnay

.)amasreb ajrek metsis

k tagnaS upmam gnaru upmam tagnaS

9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1


711

.4 nad tapadnep atnimem aguj adnA rodnaM ,nakajibek libmagnem paiteS

gnaro nagnadnap irad tahilem - .naahasurep malad id ada gnay gnaro

atnimem kadiT tagnaS tapadnep atnimem

.5 malad adnA adapek naayacrepek nakirebmem adnA rodnaM

.nakhatnirepid gnay naajrekep paites nakanaskalem

irebmem kadit tagnaS irebmem tagnaS

.6 upmam raga gnajnap akgnaj nagnadnap ikilimem adnA rodnaM

naidumek id gnabmekreb nad ujam patet kutnu tinu/naahasurep awabmem

.irah

aS ikilimem kadit tagn ikilimem tagnaS

.7 malad nahalasamrep ada aliB tahilem ulales adnA rodnaM ,naahasurep

apagnem nad apa nakaynanem akus ai ,halasam raka irad nalaosrep

.idajret asib uti halasam

aynatreb akus kadiT aynatreb akus tagnaS

.8 adnA rodnaM .nahawab arap padahret lida pakisreb tapad

lida kadit tagnaS lida tagnaS

9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

5 4 3 2 1 9 8 7 6

9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1


811

.9 ai ipat ,lortnok nad hatnirep nakukalem radekes aynah kadit adnA rodnaM

ynsativitaerk nakgnabmegnem upmam aguj .nakadnit nakukalem nad a

upmam gnaruk tagnaS upmam tagnaS

.01 )ada hadus gnay apa nagned saup kadit( nahaburep akus adnA rodnaM

nahaburep akus kadit tagnaS

nahaburep akus tagnaS

.11 gnay apa sata aynirid adap ada bawaj gnuggnat iukagnem adnA rodnaM

kadit nanayal uata kasur gnay kudorp kiab ,aynnahawab helo nakukalid

.nanasep iauses

bawaj gnuggnatreb kadiT

bawaj gnuggnatreb tagnaS

.21 nA rodnaM nad ,nakharagnem ,ragnednem kutnu narabasek ikilimem ad

.tapet gnay nasutupek libmagnem utnabmem

kadit tagnaS ikilimem ikilimem tagnaS

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911

isasinagrO ayaduB lebairaV

.1 isavoni ini naahasurep id hakapA - okisir libmagnem inareb nad isavoni

.gnitnep paggnaid

gnitnep kadit tagnaS gnitnep tagnaS

.2 paites nakiaseleynem malad natamrecek ini naahasurep id hakapA

.nakukalid kutnu gnitnep gnay utauses idajnem naajrekep

gnitnep kadit tagnaS gnitnep tagnaS

.3 naparah nagned iauses naajrekep nakiaseleynep ini naahasurep id hakapA

ipudihid gnay ialin utaus idajnem hadus naknigniid gnay lisah nad

.amasreb

ipudihid kadit tagnaS ipudihid tagnaS

.4 nakhacemem malad nawayrak natabilretek ini naahasurep id hakapA

natakapesek idajnem hadus naahasurep malad nahalasamrep/kilfnok

amasreb .

itakapesid kadit tagnaS itakapesid tagnaS

.5 idajnem hadus mit malad amasajrekeb gnilas ini naahasurep id hakapA

.amasreb inalajid gnay isidart

naS isidart kadit tag tagnaS isidart idaj

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021

.6 idajnem hadus naradasek hunep nad nafisergaek ini naahasurep id hakapA

nakanaskalem taas amasreb naasaibek .naajrekep

naasaibek nakuB naasaibek idaj tagnaS

.7 bawajgnuggnat nad ,gnanewew ,sagut paites ini naahasurep id hakapA

nagned naksumurid nawayrak .salej

salej kadit tagnaS salej tagnaS

ajreniK lebairaV

(H lem gnay nasata kahip helo isiid ayna padahret gnusgnal nasawagnep nakuka

nawayrak paites )

nawayrak ajrek isavitoM

.1 sagut nakiaseleynem tapad ini nawayraK - iauses( kiab araces sagut

.nakpatetid gnay utkaw nad satilauk )radnats

kiab kadit tagnaS kiab tagnaS

.2 nakiaseleynem malad kiab gnay naaidesek takgnit ikilimem ini nawayraK

.aynnaajrekep nupuam sagut

kiab kadit tagnaS kiab tagnaS

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121

napakaceK

.3 aggnihes aynajrek gnadib iauses naajrekep iasaugnem halet ini nawayraK

.kiab nagned anaskalret tapad naajrekep aumes

iasaugnem kadit tagnaS iasaugnem tagnaS

.4 tabikareb tapad gnay nakhab nahalasek taubmem ilakgnires ini nawayraK

.naahasurep igab lataf

gnires tagnaS hanrep kadiT

nawayrak ajrek natapmeseK

.5 kadit gnay ajrek gnukudnep anaras nakhulegnem gnires ini nawayraK

.kasur hadus gnay anaras uata naahasurep nakaidesid


.6 natabmah imalagnem gnires ini nawayraK - irad( utnetret natabmah

sagut naiaseleynep malad ayntabmahgnem tapad gnay )ajrek nagnukgnil

.aynnaajrekep uata


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