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CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.1BackgroundScience is one of the science of fiqh which has a very important role in the

Islamic one. Where the science of fiqh is one of the main staple of science in Islam

after the science of monotheism. Which of use of studying the science of

monotheism, one can know the nature of his Lord so do not turn aside from His

intention to in any worship, and learn the science of fiqh use one can know the ways

of the Prophet in muamalat and worship to God, so as to follow . Therefore, to

realize both the science in everyday life, meet two conditions in one's acceptance of

the practice of worship with Allah, that is sincere for Allah and follow the Sunnah of

the Prophet Muhammad.SAW.

In addition, in these days we hear how rampant among Muslim brothers our

fellow blame even heathen other brother just because they worship a different way

to worship the way they had been doing, without knowing the foundation of worship

that may be still based upon the scholarly opinion that one of the main four schools,

so with this small difference can lead to hostility between the Muslims. Thus the

authors wrote this simple paper with the hope to enlighten the Muslims still common

the laws of fiqh, especially on the boundaries wash head when ablution.

1.2The purpose of writingThe author wrote this paper for a number of purposes, including:

1. Allowing myself to be able to develop the mind in writing.

2. Allowing myself to write posts in the form of a scientific paper.


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3. Gives a little enlightenment to the Muslims are still lay against the law to wash

the head in ablution.

1.3Formulation of the problemThe formulation of the issues raised in this paper are:

1. How to wash limitation head in ablution according to Imam Hanafi?

2. How to wash limitation head in ablution according to Imam Malik?

3. How to wash limitation head in ablution according to Imam Shafi'i?

4. How to wash limitation head in ablution according to Imam Hambali?

5. Which of the four most rojih opinion?


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CHAPTER II

DISCUSSION

2.1AblutionQur'anic verses that describe ablution are:

..

Meaning:

"O ye who believe, if you want to pray, then wash your face and your hands up to the

elbows, wipe your heads and wash your feet up to your ankles." (Surah al-Maidah: 6)

In this verse, the Qur'an describes detailed fard-obligatory ablutions', that is

wash face, wash both hands up to the elbows, wiping portion of the head, and wash

both feet to the ankles. Then, the jurists 'intentions and tertibsebagai add the

obligatory ablutions 1.

2.2Limitation washed in ablution according to the head of Imam HanafiIn the Imam Hanafi madhhab, heads shall be washed when her ablutions there

are three opinions, namely:

1. Wash around a quarter of head2. Wash on the crown of the head3. And wash area of three fingers in the head1http://www.eramuslim.com/thaharah/mengusap-kepala-dan-membersihkan-hidung.htm diakses24 Januari 2013
http://www.eramuslim.com/thaharah/mengusap-kepala-dan-membersihkan-hidung.htmhttp://www.eramuslim.com/thaharah/mengusap-kepala-dan-membersihkan-hidung.htmhttp://www.eramuslim.com/thaharah/mengusap-kepala-dan-membersihkan-hidung.htm


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The third opinion, as pointed out by sheikh Abu Bakar al-Kasani that:

"And they differ in terms of size shall be in the wash head. Mentioned in the

book of al-asl limit wash head is three fingers in the head area. Alhasan narrated

from Abi hanifah that its size is approximately fourth head, and also the words

Zufara. And Alkarkhi with Attohawi of our friends mentioned that its size is the size

of the fontanel ".

The opinions expressed by Imam Hanafi was based on several arguments of,

among others:

1. The Word of God ( ), letter () in the sentence showed only partial head.

2. Hadith of the Prophet, : "From Ibnu Almugirah bin Syubah said: Messenger of Allah perform ablution

and wash the top of his head and wash both shoes and turban

So from the above description in the schools of Imam Hanafi someone who

made ablution and wash the head less than a third opinion over the his ablution

invalid. Fontanel size .


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2.3Limitation wash head in ablution according to Imam MalikAs for the schools of Imam Malik, the head of which shall be washed when the

entire head is made ablution. As mentioned in the books of fiqh alibadat-Maliki, that:

: : Then things are obligatory in ablution seven, namely: the fourth is: wash

the whole head

Maliki madhhabs opinion is also based on some of the arguments, including:

a. The Word of God ( ), here is the command to wash covers theentire head.

b. hadith of the Prophet:

...

2 "That someone said to Abdullah ibnu Amr ibn Zaid-yahya-grandfather: if you can

show me how to perform ablutions of the Prophet Muhammad? So he replied: yes, he

took water and washed his hands then wash his head with both hands while

moving it forward and backward starting from the front of his head down to his neck

and then returns her hands to the place where he started "

2Abdullah ibn Amr ibn Zaid-yahya.1982.


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2.4 Limitation wash head in ablution according to Imam Shafi'iIn Imam Shafi'i schools, the head of which shall be washed when her ablutions

is quite simply Wiped portion of the head alone though only slightly, and not

required head rubbed by hand, even if just splashing water on your head then it is

considered sufficient. This is in accordance with that mentioned in the book kifayatul

akhyar, that:

} { (

(3(al-husaini, 2009, p. 7"The fourth obligation is washed away most of the head, according to the Word

of God 'and wash your head'. What is meant here is not washed away all the head, as

in the hadith Mughiroh RA 'that the Prophet SAW made ablution and wash the top of

his head and over his turban and shoes'. even if he washed his head in lieu of Sewer

or splashing water on it despite not running, or put his hand wet over his head and

3al-husaini,(2009). kifayatul ahyar fi halli goyatil ikhtisor. saudi arabiah: darul minhaj linnayri

wattauzi.


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not move, then it's all legitimate. Mentioned in Ziadaturraudoh that are not

necessarily in the head rubbed by hand, even if the timber or tree limb and in others

are also valid. And women equally with men in this case, wallahu nature ".

Argumentationof Mughiroh above hadith is: When the Prophet SAW. rubbedhis turban, he kept rubbing crest (the fontanel) that appears; thus understood that it

was mandatory levels wash and the rest (wiping the turban) is sunnah. May not be

required at the same time something that must be wiped with rubbing successor

origin (that isturbans).

2.5 Limitation perform ablution by washing the head in the head ImamHambali an washed in ablution according to Imam Hambali

In the school of Imam Hambali, when ablution shall wipe the entire head as the

opinion of Imam Malik, Imam Hambali but incorporate both ears as part of the

mandatory swabbed along with the head. As mentioned by An-Najdi (1397H, p. 181-

182) in the book Hasyiaturraud, that:

: ... { : }

"Fard of ablution are six: ... the third one: wash the whole head and both ears

also, because of the word of God 'and wash your head' and the words of the Prophet

SAW. 'Both ears are head' (HR.Ibnu Majah)

In addition to the above proposition, they also evidence the word of God:

( )"And let them do the tawaf around the old house (Baitullah)."


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Argumentation sides is: Unauthorized perform tawaf while only partially Hajj

alone. Similar to QS. Al-Maaidah ,paragraph 6 , that is notlegitimate just rubbed the head only partly. Therefore, the letter baa 'in the two

paragraphs above is the same, namely lil-ilshaaq (for embedding), not tab'iidh

(demonstrated in part). This is in accordance with the rules of the Arabic language,

as stated by Sibawaih 4.

2.6 Rojih opinion of the four opinionsJudging from the arguments and reasons argument used by any schools above,

then at this point the author will present some comparisons of these arguments, so

that readers can find out the opinion of the most powerful of these opinions fourth,

following the arguments are:

a. Allah SWT says: , this proposition is the proposition thatthe only agreed upon by all four schools of thought as the argument of the

necessity of washing the head in ablution. In this proposition they differ only

in letter baa on sentence, Imam Hanafi and Imam Shafi'i said thatthe letter baa here shows tab'iidh (for most). While Imam Malik and Imam

Hambali found here baa not show tab'iidh but lil-ilshaaq (for embedding).

And second opinion this is a much stronger such as said by Ibn Taymiyyah.

4 an-najdi, hasyiaturroudi al-murbi' syarhi zadilmustaqni, (1397H).p.181-182.

jeddah: maktabah al-irsyad


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b. Hadith of the Prophet: : , hadith This is the arguments used by theschools of Imam Hanafi and Imam Shafi'i as a reason for may just washed

seagian head in the purification ritual, but this hadeeth refuted by two rebuttal

. First: if it's legitimate if only washed partially replenish the head in her

ablutions, the apostles do not need to wash his turban at the time. Because if

the top of his head the Prophet washed and then refine it with another wash

with wash turban, it is certainly legitimate. Second: This hadith is a hadith

narrated by Imam Ahamad contradicts the hadeeth narrated by Muslim,

"Then wash his head with both hands while moving it forward and backward

starting from the front of his head down to his neck and then returns her

hands to the place where he started"5.

5http://dakwahislamiyah.wordpress.com/tag/menyapu-kepala-dalam-wudhu/ accessed onJanuary 28, 2014
http://dakwahislamiyah.wordpress.com/tag/menyapu-kepala-dalam-wudhu/http://dakwahislamiyah.wordpress.com/tag/menyapu-kepala-dalam-wudhu/http://dakwahislamiyah.wordpress.com/tag/menyapu-kepala-dalam-wudhu/


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CHAPTER III

CLOSING

3.1 ConclusionFrom the above explanation, it can be concluded that the stronger opinion is the

opinion expressed by Imam Malik and Imam Hambali, that things that should be

done when it is rubbed all her ablutions head and not just part of it. As was said by

Sheikh Al-Uthaymeen in his book Al-syarhul mumti ', that "if only the top of his

head be washed without washing the others so `her/his ablutions not accepted

because the word of God { {and wash your head 'and not say ' most head', and baa letters in Arabic is not mentioned in the senseof" most.

On the other hand as an Indonesian citizen who generally bermazhab Shafi,

who generally only partially wash head in her ablutions by no means obliged to

follow the opinion of Imam Malik or Imam Hambali that require wash all the head,

but should be for every good Muslims to always follow Rojih opinion or opinions

that are more powerful than others. This is as be approved by all the four Imam's

school, of which the recognition of Imam Shafi'i said that " " 'if there is a hadith which

is stronger than the hadith that I used, then the hadith pray silently suit, and leave

words or my madhhab.


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3.2 SuggestionAs the Muslims are based upon the guidance of the Qur'an is, and also that the

Prophet Muhammad is the Prophet. then through this simple paper, see now the

various different schools in Islam flare used by the Indonesian population, especially

the widespread Islamic Boarding School in Indonesia is backed by Saudi Arabia,

which generally Hambali madhhab that could cause do not understand and blaming

among followers of certain sects against other schools-as experienced by the author

prior to learning about the differences between schools in the authors suggest to the

entire population of the Islamic nation of Indonesia to be able to explore differences

in the schools of this country so that Indonesia does not arise only problems-

problems caused by small matters of this kind.


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REFERENCE

Al-Bukhari, Sohih Bukhori. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al- 'llmiyyah,(1422H).

Al-Husaini, Kifayatul ahyar fi halli goyatil ikhtisor. Saudi Arabiah: Darul Minhaj

Linnayri Wattauzi. (2009).

Al-kasani,Badai' sonai' fi tartib al-syarai'. libanon: dar Alkutub Al-Alamiah,(1986).

Al-Utsaimin,(1428H).Al-syarhul mumti' ala zadilmustaqni'. t.k: Dar Ibnu Al-Jauzi.

An-Najdi, Hasyiaturroudi al-murbi' syarhi zadilmustaqni. Jeddah: Maktabah Al-

Irsyad. (1397H).

An-Nawawi,Almajmu' syarh almuhadzdzab. Jeddah: Maktabah Al-Irsyad. (1399H).

Taimiah, Kutub wa rosail wa fatawa syeikh al-islam ibnu taimiah. t.k: Maktabah

Ibnu Taimiah. (1498H).

http://www.alukah.net/Sharia/0/30853/#ixzz2M4RKfmy1.Retrieved 17,( 2014)

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