himpunan motivasi

8/8/2019 Himpunan Motivasi

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Tazkirah

Fakulti Kejuruteraan Mekanikal

12 April 2006(13 Rabiul Awal 1427)


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Sifat- sifat Rasulullah.

Panduan/c ontoh kita semua seb aga i warga FKM

da lam usaha memartab atkan FKM sebaga iorganisasi yang pa ling c emerlang,gemilang danterb ilang d i KUKTEM.


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Baginda Rasulullah merupakan c ontoh terba ikuntuk d iteladani kerana Bag inda memiliki

keperibad ian dan akhlak yang sangat mulia,sebaga ima na d ijelaskan oleh da lam Surah Al-Ahzab ayat 21 tafsirnya :"Demi sesungguhnya adalah bagi kamu pada diriRasulullah itu contoh ikutan yang baik".dan da lam Surah Al-Qa lam ayat 4 ta fsirnya :

"Dan bahawa sesungguhnya engkau mempunyaiakhlak yang sangat-sanga t mulia".


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Keperibad ian tingg i serta akhlak muliaBaginda Rasulullah Sa lla llahu AlaihiWasa llam merupakan hasil d id ikan danpenga ja ran dari Al-Quran. Sayida tina Aisyahpernah berka ta maksudnya :

"Sesungguhnya akhlak Nabi Salla llahu Alaihi

Wasallam itu adalah Al-Quran".(Hadis

riwayat Imam Muslim)


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Al-Quran mend id ik Bag inda supaya bersifa t mulia ,

pemaaf, sabar, ad il, amanah, suka menga jakorang ke ja lan keba ikan, mela rang melakukansega la mac am kemungkaran dan seb aga inya .


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Akhlak mulia sangat dituntut dalam Islam kerana ituBaginda turut mend id ik umatnya supaya berakhlak

mulia . Baginda menunjuk a ja r d an memberikanbimbingan akhlak bukan hanya setakat teori atauc a ka p sa ha ja , teta pi Ba gind a send irimelakukannya. Itulah cara pendidikan terbaik danmendatangkan kesan menda lam. Ama lan itulahyang menarik perhatian dan menjad i kep erc ayaanorang rama i, seka ligus menc ontohi akhlak Baginda

Sa lla llahu Ala ihi Wasa llam.


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kunci utama ke arah pembentukan akhlak yang

mulia itu sebaga imana yang d imiliki o leh Rasulullahada lah lahir daripada memp raktikkan sifa t yangwajib bagi Rasul-rasul ia itu :

Pertama : Sidd iq yang bermaksud benar da lamsemua perka taan dan perbuatannya.

Ked ua : Ama nah yang bermaksud jujur dan

dipercayai.

Ketiga : Tab ligh ia itu menyebarkan danmenerangkan apa jua wahyu yangd iterimanya dari Allah.

Keempat : Fa tanah ia itu cerd ik, b ijaksana, panda idan c erdas


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Kesimpulan:

Sebagai warga institusi akademik,kita

juga perlu;1. benar

2. amanah3. menyampaikan/menyebarkan

4. bidai


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Sumber;

1. khutbah jumaat di Brunei Darulsalam2. www.dudung.net (Indonesia)
http://www.dudung.net/http://www.dudung.net/


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The 7 Habits of HighlyThe 7 Habits of HighlyEffective PeopleEffective People

Powerful Lessons in PersonalPowerful Lessons in PersonalChangeChange by Stephen R. Coveyby Stephen R. Covey


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1. Be Proactive1. Be Proactive

Being "proactive" means taking responsibility forBeing "proactive" means taking responsibility for

everything in life, rather than blaming othereverything in life, rather than blaming other

people and circumstances for obstacles orpeople and circumstances for obstacles orproblems. Initiative, and taking action will thenproblems. Initiative, and taking action will then

follow. If you want something to happen, figurefollow. If you want something to happen, figure

out how, then make it happen.out how, then make it happen.


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2. Begin with the End2. Begin with the Endin Mindin Mind

Formulate a "personal mission statement". KnowFormulate a "personal mission statement". Know

where you are going so each step of the way leadswhere you are going so each step of the way leads

you down the correct path. Every day is evaluatedyou down the correct path. Every day is evaluatedin the sense, is what I'm doing contributing to thein the sense, is what I'm doing contributing to the

vision I have for my future?vision I have for my future?


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3. Put First Things First3. Put First Things First

"Organize and execute around"Organize and execute around

prioritiespriorities. Proper time management. Proper time managementis key to achieving successis key to achieving success


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4. Think Win/Win4. Think Win/Win

The best way to get what you want is toThe best way to get what you want is to

help others get what they want, alwayshelp others get what they want, always

create a win/win situation for both of youcreate a win/win situation for both of you


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5. Seek First to Understand,5. Seek First to Understand,Then to be UnderstoodThen to be Understood

Make a diagnosis prior to offering a prescription.Make a diagnosis prior to offering a prescription.

One must understand what they are talking aboutOne must understand what they are talking about

to make an intelligent decision. Always hear whatto make an intelligent decision. Always hear whatothers are saying, do not jump to your ownothers are saying, do not jump to your own

conclusions.conclusions.


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6. Synergize6. Synergize

Working in teams. The whole is greater than theWorking in teams. The whole is greater than the

sum of its parts. In a group of people usesum of its parts. In a group of people use

everyone's strengths to form a strong team.everyone's strengths to form a strong team.Effective people must get all involved toEffective people must get all involved to

maximized the output of an organizationmaximized the output of an organization


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7. Sharpen the saw7. Sharpen the saw

Amplify your greatest asset. Everyday youAmplify your greatest asset. Everyday you

must work to improve yourself physically,must work to improve yourself physically,

emotionally, mentally, and socially throughemotionally, mentally, and socially throughstudy, exercise, training, and experience.study, exercise, training, and experience.


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Thank YouThank You

Any other good habit to share???Any other good habit to share???


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Microsoft PowerPoint Slide ShowMicrosoft PowerPoint Slide ShowMicrosoft PowerPoint Slide ShowMicrosoft PowerPoint Slide Show

Berbaik

Sangka

BerbaikBerbaikBerbaik

SangkaSangkaSangka


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Manusia hari ini sukabersangka-sangka

Ada sangkaan baik...

Ada sangkaan buruk

ManusiaManusiaManusiahariharihari iniiniinisukasukasukabersangkabersangkabersangka---sangkasangkasangka

AdaAdaAdasangkaansangkaansangkaanbaikbaik......

AdaAdaAdasangkaansangkaansangkaanburukburuk


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Orang beribadah

disangka riakOrang yang relax

disangka malas

Orang yang pakai baju barudisangka menunjuk

OrangOrangOrangberibadahberibadah

disangkadisangkadisangkariakriakOrangOrangOrangyangyangyangrelaxrelax

disangkadisangkadisangkamalasmalas

OrangOrangOrangyangyangyangpakaipakaibajubajubarubarudisangkadisangkadisangkamenunjukmenunjuk


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Orang yang pakai baju buruk

disangka zuhud (hina)Orang makan banyak

disangka pelahap

Orang makan sikitdisangka kedekut

OrangOrangOrangyangyangyangpakaipakaibajubajuburukburuk

disangkadisangkadisangkazuhudzuhud((hinahina))OrangOrangOrangmakanmakanbanyakbanyak

disangkadisangkadisangkapelahappelahap

OrangOrangOrang

makanmakan

sikitsikit

disangkadisangkadisangkakedekutkedekut


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Orang baik

disangka burukOrang buruk

disangka baik

Orang senyumdisangka mengejek

OrangOrangOrangbaikbaik

disangkadisangkadisangkaburukburukOrangOrangOrangburukburuk

disangkadisangkadisangkabaikbaik

OrangOrangOrangsenyumsenyumdisangkadisangkadisangkamengejekmengejek


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Orang masam

disangka merajukOrang bermuzakarah

disangka mengumpat

Orang diamdisangka sombong

OrangOrangOrangmasammasam

disangkadisangkadisangkamerajukmerajukOrangOrangOrangbermuzakarahbermuzakarah

disangkadisangkadisangkamengumpatmengumpat

OrangOrangOrangdiamdiamdisangkadisangkadisangkasombongsombong


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Orang menawandisangka pakai susuk

Orang nampak ceria

disangka membela

OrangOrangOrangmenawanmenawandisangkadisangkadisangkapakaipakaisusuksusuk

OrangOrangOrangnampaknampakceriaceria

disangkadisangkadisangkamembelamembela


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mana tahuyang diam itu

kerana

berzikir kepada Allah

manamanamanatahutahutahuyangyangyangdiamdiam ituituitu

keranakeranakerana

berzikirberzikirkepadakepadaAllahAllah


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mana tahuyang senyum itu

kerana

bersedekah

manamanamanatahutahutahuyangyangyangsenyumsenyum ituituitu

keranakeranakerana

bersedekahbersedekah


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mana tahuyang masam itu

kerana

mengenangkan dosa

manamanamanatahutahutahuyangyangyangmasammasam ituituitu

keranakeranakerana

mengenangkanmengenangkandosadosa


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mana tahuyang menawan itu

kerana

bersih hati dan mindanya

manamanamanatahutahutahuyangyangyangmenawanmenawan ituituitu

keranakeranakerana

bersihbersihhatihatidandanmindanyamindanya


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mana tahuyang ceria itu

kerana

cergas cerdasnya

manamanamanatahutahutahuyangyangyangceriaceria ituituitu

keranakeranakerana

cergascergascerdasnyacerdasnya


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Jauhi sikap suka

bersangka-sangkakerana ia bakal

memusnahkan ukhwah

seperti musnah nyakayu dimakan api

JauhiJauhiJauhisikapsikapsikapsukasukasuka

bersangkabersangkabersangka---sangkasangkasangkakeranakeranakerana iaiaiabakalbakalbakal

memusnahkanmemusnahkan ukhwahukhwah

sepertisepertisepertimusnahmusnahmusnahnyanyanyakayukayudimakandimakanapiapi


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Satu benda yang kita lihat,

macam-macam kesimpulanyang boleh kita buat.

Semuanya bergantung

bagaimana kitamelihatnya.

SatuSatuSatubendabendabendayangyangyangkitakitakita lihatlihatlihat,,,

macammacam--macammacamkesimpulankesimpulanyangyangyangbolehbolehbolehkitakitakita buatbuatbuat...

SemuanyaSemuanyaSemuanyabergantungbergantungbergantung

bagaimanabagaimanakitakitamelihatnyamelihatnya..


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Tegakkan Islam dalam

diri kamu.. nescaya Islamakan tertegak diatas bumi

kamu

Imam Al-Syahid HassanAl- Banna.

Tegakkan Islam dalamTegakkan Islam dalamTegakkan Islam dalam

diri kamu.. nescaya Islamdiri kamu.. nescaya Islamdiri kamu.. nescaya Islamakan tertegak diatas bumiakan tertegak diatas bumiakan tertegak diatas bumi

kamukamukamu

Imam AlImam Al--Syahid HassanSyahid HassanAlAl--Banna.Banna.


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Just Be Yourself...and

Always Trust to

Allah...

Just Be Yourself...Just Be Yourself...Just Be Yourself...andandand

Always Trust toAlways Trust toAlways Trust to

Allah...Allah...Allah...


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Tazkirah FakultiTazkirahTazkirah FakultiFakultiMahadzirMahadzir IshakIshak

ITQAN

KONSEP ITQAN


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KONSEP ITQAN

Dari maksud hadis; melakukansesuatu perkara dengan baik dan

sempurna ataupun cemerlang Sesungguhny Allah menyukai apabila

seseorang kamu mengerjakan sesuatupekerjaan supaya dilakukan pekerjaanitu dengan baik dan sempurna..

maksud hadith riwayat al-baihaqi

Organisasi ITQAN


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Organisasi ITQAN

Dlm pembangunan diri danorganisasi dipecahkan kepadalima(5) dimensi utamakecemerlangan iaitu cemerlang;

1) ANDA DAN PENCIPTA

2) ANDA DAN DIRI

3) ANDA DAN ORNG LAIN 4) ANDA & TANGGUNGJAWAB

5) ANDA & NILAI SEJAGAT

Anda & Pencipta


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Anda & Pencipta

Pencipta sebagai sumber inspirasi & motivasi

- Manusia dan keperluannya kepada pencipta

- Persoalan asas manusia- Memahami tujuan hidup sebenar

Dimensi Manusia dan penciptanya- Iman

- Ilmu

- Amal

M si d k l


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Manusia dan keperluannya

kepada pencipta

Adakah Allah bergantung kepadaamalan dan ibadah kita?

Adakah kita bergantung harap kepadakasih dan pertolonganNya?

Adakah kita sentiasa bersyukur

kepada anugerahnya?

Persoalan asas manusia dan


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Persoalan asas manusia dan

hala tuju

Siapa diri kita?

Kenapa saya dijadikan?

Kemana Saya akan pergi?

Manusia dan penciptanya


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Manusia dan penciptanya 3 asas peribadi agar manusia selamat mengharungi lautan hidupnya;

Mestilah jiwanya diisi dengan IMAN, kerana iman itu menjadi pengikat

hati antara manusia dgn tuhanya. Orng yg beriman akan berpegang teguhkepadanya beerti mentaati segala perintah dan larangan ALLAH sepertitertulis dalam alquran

Mindanya mestiah diisi dgn ILMU PENGETAHUAN kerana ilmu menjadimodal manusia mencari kebahadgian hidupnya di dunia dan akhirat

Hidupnya wajib diisi dengan AMAL perbuatan kebajikan terhadap tuhan

dan sesama manusia, kerana amal adalah jambatan setiap manusia utkmendapatkan keinginan-keinginan dan hajat-hnajtnya, adalah pangkalkebahagian hidup manusia.

TAZKIRAHTAZKIRAH


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TAZKIRAHTAZKIRAH

KEBERKATAN HIDUPKEBERKATAN HIDUP

MOHD ZAIDI SIDEKMOHD ZAIDI SIDEK

Dipet ik dar i t uli san oleh:

Drs. H. Ahmad Yani

PENGENALAN


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PENGENALAN

Setiap orang ingin keberkatan dalamhidupnya.

Kerana itu, kita selalu berdo'a dan

meminta orang lain mendoakan kita

agar segala sesuatu yang kita miliki dan

kita usahakan memperoleh keberkatandari Allah Swt.

Contoh:1. Hadir ke majlis ilmu.

2. Setiap kali majlis - mohon keberkatan

MAKSUD


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Terjemahan tumbuh@ bertambahBerkat adalah kebaikan yang bersumber

dari Allah yang ditetapkan terhadap

sesuatu sebagaimana mestinya sehinggaapa yang diperoleh dan dimiliki akan

selalu berkembang dan bertambah besarmanfaat kebaikannya.

Kalau sesuatu yang kita miliki membawa

pengaruh negatif, maka ini bermakna kitatidak memperoleh keberkatan yangdiidamkan itu.

MAKSUD

BERKAT BUKAN PERCUMA


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BERKAT BUKAN PERCUMA

Namun, Allah Swt tidak sembaranganmemberikan keberkatan kepada manusia.Ternyata, Allah hanya akan memberi berkatkepada orang yang beriman dan bertaqwakepada-Nya.

Janji Allah untuk memberikan keberkatankepada orang yang beriman dan bertaqwa

dikemukakan dalam firman-Nya yangmaksudnya:

Jikalau sekiranya penduduk negeri-negeri berimandan bertaqwa, pastilah Kami akan melimpahkankepada mereka berkat dari langit dan bumi, tetapimereka mendustakan (ayat-ayat Kami) itu, maka

Kami siksa mereka disebabkan perbuatannya"(QS Al Araf@7:96).

BERKAT DALAM KEHIDUPAN!


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BERKAT DALAM KEHIDUPAN!

Apabila manusia, baik secara peribadi ataupunmasyarakat memperoleh keberkatan dari Allah

Swt, maka kehidupannya akan selalu berjalan

dengan baik, rezeki yang diperolehnya cukup

bahkan melimpah, sedang ilmu dan amalnya

selalu memberi manfaat yang besar dalam

kehidupan.

Disinilah letak pentingnya bagi kita memahami

apa sebenarnya keberkatan itu agar kita akanberusaha semaksima mungkin untuk meraihnya.

Masalah timbul bila manusia lalai dalam


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soal menjaga keberkatan;Dalam konteks pendidikan banyak

masalah timbul berkaitan seperti tidur

dalam kelas, meniru semasa

peperiksaan dsb kerana tak faham

maksud ilmu yang berkat.Dalam konteks pekerjaan masalah

penyelewangan, rasuah dsb berlakukerana tak faham berkat dalam harta


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Berkat rezeki kerana sedekah - Kekayaantidak membawa erti tanpa ada keberkatan.Dengan adanya keberkatan, harta/rezeki

yang sedikit akan dirasakan seolah-olahbanyak dan mencukupi. Sebaliknya tanpakeberkatan akan dirasakan sempit dan susahmeskipun banyak harta.

Menginfaqkan (Belanjakan) harta adalahberkat, sebaliknya menahannya adalah

celaka. Dalam 1 hadis, nabi bersabdatakutilah api neraka walaupun dengansebelah biji tamar. Dan sabdanya lagisedekah itu penghapus dosa sebagaimanaair memadam api.

BENTUK KEBERKATAN


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Secara umum, keberkatan yang diberikan Allahkepada orang yang beriman terbahagi tiga.

1. Berkat dalam keturunan-dengan lahirnyagenerasi yang soleh.Generasi yang soleh adalah yang kuat

imannya, luas ilmunya dan banyak amal

solehnya dan berkualiti yg memang menjadikeinginan setiap manusia.

Pembangunan Islam dan umat Islam salah

satu faktornya adalah adanya berpaksikandari generasi yang soleh yg memilikijasmani yang kuat, kemandirian termasukdalam soal harta dan mampu menjalanikehidupan dengan sebaik-baiknya.

Contoh: Telah diperoleh Nabi Ibrahim as dankeluarganya yang ketika usia mereka sudah


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keluarganya yang ketika usia mereka sudah

begitu tua ternyata masih dikurniakan anak,bahkan tidak hanya Ismail yang soleh, sehatdan cerdas, tapi juga Ishak dan Yakub.

Di dalam Al-Qur'an keberkatan semacam inidiceritakan oleh Allah yang maksudnya:"Dan isterinya berdiri (dibalik tirai) lalu dia tersenyum.Maka Kami sampaikan kepadanya berita gembira

tentang kelahiran Ishak dan dari Ishak (akan lahirputeranya) Yakub." Isterinya berkata: "Sungguhmenghairankan, apakah aku akan melahirkan anak,padahal aku adalah perempuan seorang perempuantua, dan ini suamikupun dalam keadaan yang sudah

tua pula?. Sesungguhnya ini benar-benar suatu yangsangat aneh". Para malaikat itu berkata: "Apakahkamumerasa heran tentang ketetapan Allah? (itu adalah)rahmat Allah dan keberkatan-Nya, dicurahkan atas

kamu, hai ahlul bait. Sesungguhnya Allah MahaTerpuji lagi Maha Pemurah"

(QS 11:71-73).

2. Keberkatan makanan- halal & thayyib.

P d t l hli t f i (Ib K t i )


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Pendapat ulama ahli tafsir (Ibnu Katsir) -

antara keberkatan dari langit dan bumi ygdisebutkan surat Al A'raf: 96 ialah makanan.

Yang dimaksud makanan yang halal - halal

jenisnya, halal dalam mendapatkannya,sehingga bagi orang yang diberkati Allah, diatidak akan menghalalkan segala cara dalammemperoleh nafkah.

Makanan yang diberkati juga adalah yangthayyib( berzat) - yang tidak hanyamengenyangkan tapi juga menghasilkan

tenaga yang kuat untuk digunakan dlmmelaksanakan suruhan Allah Swt,"Dan makanlah makanan yang halal lagi baik dari apayang telah Allah rizkikan kepadamu, dan bertaqwalah

kepada Allah yang kamu beriman kepada-Nya"(QS 5:88).

Bagi membawa keberkatan yang lebih banyaklagi, makanan itu harus dimakan sewajarnya


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g , j ykerana Allah sangat melarang manusia berlebih-lebihan dalam makan mahupun minum, AllahSwt berfirman yang maksudnya:

"Hai anak Adam, pakailah pakaianmu yang indah di

setiap memasuki masjid, makan dan minumlah danjanganlah berlebih-lebihan. Sesungguhnya Allahtidak menyukai orang-orang yang berlebih-lebihan"(QS 7:31).

Ajarkanlah anak2 dgn doa2 sebelum melakukanpekerjaan @ sekurang-kurangnya membaca"Bismillahir Rahmanir Rahim". Ini akan

menambahkan keberkatan Allah bagi perbuatantersebut.Sabda Rasulullah s.w.t, maksudnya:"Setiap perkara yang tidak dimulakan denganBismillah maka akan terputus rahmat dan barkah

bagi perbuatan tersebut."

KUNCI KEBERKATAN


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Dengan demikian menjadi jelas bagi kitabahawa sebagai seorang muslim,

keberkatan dari Allah untuk kitamerupakan sesuatu yang amat penting.

Kerana itu, ada kunci yang harus kita

miliki dan usahakan dalam hidup ini.

Sekurang-kurangnya, ada dua faktor

yang menjadi kunci keberkatan itu.

1.Iman dan Taqwa Yang BenarDi d l t di t d h dik k k


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Di dalam ayat di atas, sudah dikemukakan

bahawa Allah akan memberikan berkat kpdhambanya yg beriman & bertaqwa kpd-Nya.

Semakin mantap iman dan taqwa yang kita

miliki, maka semakin besar keberkatan yangAllah berikan kepada kita. Kerana itu menjadikeharusan kita untuk terus memperkokohiman dan taqwa kepada Allah Swt.

Salah satu ayat yang amat menekankanpeningkatan taqwa kepada orang yangberiman adalah firman Allah yang maksudnya;

Hai orang-orang yang beriman, bertaqwalahkamu kepada Allah dengan sebenar-benar taqwadan jangan sampai kamu mati kecuali dalamkeadaan berserah diri/muslim"

(QS 3:102).

Keimanan dan ketaqwaan yang benar


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q y g

selalu ditunjukkan oleh seorang mu'mindalam bentuk melaksanakan perintahAllah dan meninggalkan larangan-Nya,

baik dalam keadaan senang maupunsusah, dalam keadaan sendiri maupunbersama orang lain.

Tegasnya keimanan dan ketaqwaan itudibuktikan dalam situasi dan keadaan

yang bagaimananpun juga dandimanapun kita berada.

2.Berpedoman kepada Al-Qur'an


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Al-Quran merupakan sumber keberkatansehingga apabila kita menjalankan pesan-pesan yang terkandung di dalam Al-Qurandan berpedoman kepadanya dalam berbagai

aspek kehidupan, nescaya kita akanmemperoleh keberkatan dari Allah Swt

Allah berfirman yang maksudnya:

"Dan Al-Quran ini adalah suatu kitab (peringatan) yangmempunyai berkat yang telah kami turunkan. Makamengapakah kamu mengingkarinya?"

(QS 21:50).

KESIMPULAN D l k hid g kit l l i i i ti kit


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Dalam kehidupan yang kita lalui ini, setiap kita

harus mengimani kebenaran Al-Qur'an yangmana ianya merupakan wahyu dari Allah Swt

Luangkan masa untuk kita membaca Al-Qurandan jadikannya rujukan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, baik menyangkut aspek peribadi, keluarga,masyarakat maupun bernegara.

Akhirnya menjadi jelas bagi kita bahawa,keberkatan dari Allah yang kita inginkan ituhanya diperolehi melalui doa dan usaha yang

sungguh-sungguh, yakni dalam bentukmemantapkan iman dan taqwa sertamenjadikan Al-Quran sebagai pedoman dalam

hidup ini.


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BILA SAMPAI MASA


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Pada suatu masa yang ditetapkan.Kita pasti dirisik.

Pertunangan sejak azali.Di hujung hidup nanti.Berlangsung perkahwinanmu dengan maut?Hantarannya..sakit dan nazak.Tamu bertandang menghadirkan esak.

Pengantin dimandikan.Dipakaikan baju cantik putih..Wangian gaharu dan cendana..

Keranda jadi pelaminan..


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Pengantin bersanding sendirian

Di arak keliling kampung..

Berkompangkan azan dan kalimah kudusAkad nikahnya bacaan talkin.

Berwalikan liang lahad..Saksi pula nisan-nisan..

Siraman air mawar..

Keluarga terdekat menepung tawar..Tiba masa pengantin..

Menunggu sendirian..


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Malam pertama bersama KEKASIH..

Di kamar bertilamkan tanah..

Dan Dia menuntut janji..Sucikah kita tatkala berpadu..

Pernahkah taubat sepanjang hayat..Atau terkubur bersama dosa-dosa..

Dan Dia Kekasih itu..

Menetapkanmu ke Syurga

Atau melemparkan dirimu ke neraka


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Dunia ini hanyalah persinggahan

Akhirat jua kekal abadi

Siapkanlah bekalan kita untuk ke SANA

Moga kita di dalam golongan yg sentiasa

di dlm BERKAT-NYA

AMEN.....


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KONSEP KERJA DALAMISLAM

(sedutan : Pusat Kutipan ZakatPahang)

Penyampai : Mohd Zuki Bin Salleh


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Kemuliaan seseorang insan itubergantung kepada apa yang

dilakukannya.


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Istilah kerja dalam Islam bukan semata-mata merujuk kepada mencari rezeki hidupuntuk diri dan keluarga dengan berhempas

pulas siang dan malam, serta pagi danpetang tanpa mengira waktu atau ketika,

tetapi ia mencakupi segala bentuk amalanatau pekerjaan yang mempunyai unsurkebaikan dan keberkatan bagi diri, ahli

keluarga dan masyarakat sekelilingnya dan

seterusnya negara


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Sebaliknya al-Quran menggariskangolongan yang baik lagi berjaya (al-falah)itu adalah orang yang banyak taqwamereka kepada Allah, khusyuk

sembahyangnya, baik tutur katanya,memelihara pandangan dan kemaluannyaserta menunaikan tanggungjawab

sosialnya seperti mengeluarkan zakat danseumpamanya (lihat Quran, al-Muminun:1-11)


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Dalam satu hadis seperti mana telah

diriwayatkan oleh Saidina Umar al-Khattabberbunyi: Bahawasanya setiap amalan itubergantung kepada niat, dan setiap

individu itu dikira berdasarkan apa yangdiniatkannya


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Rasulullah SAW pernah bersabda:Binasalah orang-orang Islam kecualimereka yang berilmu. Maka binasalahgolongan berilmu, kecuali mereka yang

beramal dengan ilmu mereka. Danbinasalah golongan yang beramal denganilmu mereka kecuali mereka yang ikhlas.

Sesungguhnya golongan yang ikhlas inijuga masih dalam keadaan bahaya yangamat besar


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Alangkah baiknya kalau umat Islam hari ini,dapat bergerak dan bekerja dengan tekun

dengan matlamat yang satu iaitu mardatillah(keredhaan Allah) itulah yang dicari dalam apa

jua urusan yang dibuat. Dari situlah akan lahirnilai keberkatan yang sebenar dalam hidupdengan curahan nikmat Allah yang banyak.

Inilah golongan yang diistilahkan sebagai tenangdalam ibadah, redha dengan kehidupan yangditempuhi, serta optimis dengan janji-janji Allah


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Sekian terima kasih


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MALU!!??MALU!!??

HADITH KEHADITH KE--2020


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Dari AbuDari Abu MasMasudud,, UqbahUqbah binbin AmruAmru AlAl--AnshariAnshari AlAl BadhriBadhriR.A. :R.A. : TelahTelah bersabdabersabda RasulullahRasulullah SAW:SAW:

DiDi antaraantara sabdasabda parapara NabiNabi yangyang terdahuluterdahulu yangyangmasihmasih dipakaidipakai untukuntuk orangorang ramairamai ((hinggahingga keke harihari iniini))ialahialah:: JikaJika engkauengkau tidaktidak malumalu,, buatlahbuatlah sesukasesuka hatimuhatimu

((RiwayatRiwayat AlAl-- BukhariBukhari))

DipetikDipetik daridari:: KuliahKuliahSubuhSubuh;;PadaPadaMembicarakanMembicarakanHadithHadith4040,, susunansusunan dandan ulasanulasan:: SyedSyed AhmadAhmad SemaitSemait,, PustakaPustakaNasionalNasional SingapuraSingapura, 1991, 1991

MUQADDIMAHMUQADDIMAH


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HadithHadith yangyang merupakanmerupakan lebihlebih kepadakepada

sindiransindiran

daripadadaripada

tegahantegahan

,,

yakniyakni

suatusuatu

sindiransindiran yangyang mengandungimengandungi ancamanancaman..

SifatSifat malumalu adalahadalah pokokpokok akhlakakhlak muliamulia dandan

budipekertibudipekerti yangyang tinggitinggi..

MembezakanMembezakan antaraantara manusiamanusia dandan haiwanhaiwan..

PeliharalahPeliharalah sifatsifat malumalu agaragar muliamulia disisidisisiagamaagama dandan AllahAllah TaalaTaala..

YANG MALU & TAK MALUYANG MALU & TAK MALU


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ParaPara ulamaulama sepakatsepakat bahawabahawa malumalu adalahadalahsebaiksebaik--baikbaik sifatsifat yangyang harusharus disifatidisifati oleholeh

manusiamanusia..

HakikatHakikat duniadunia,, adaada yangyang malumalu dandan taktak

malumalu.. BilanganBilangan yangyang malumalu pastinyapastinya lebihlebihramairamai daridari yangyang malumalu..

SenarioSenario terkiniterkini,, sedikitsedikit yangyang taktak malumalu iniini

telahtelah mempengaruhimempengaruhi seluruhseluruh duniadunia padapadapelbagaipelbagai lapisanlapisan masyarakatmasyarakat..


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SabdaSabda NabiNabi SAW:SAW:

SifatSifat malumalu ituitu segalasegala--galanyagalanya baikbaik.. SifatSifat

malumalu ituitu mendatangkanmendatangkan yangyang baikbaik sematasemata--

matamata


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MALU MACAM MANA YANG BAIK?MALU MACAM MANA YANG BAIK?MALU MACAM MANA YANG TAK BAIK?MALU MACAM MANA YANG TAK BAIK?

MALU KERANA MENJAGAMALU KERANA MENJAGA

TATATERTIB & SOPAN SANTUN


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TATATERTIB & SOPAN SANTUN& SO S U

MenjagaMenjaga tatatertibtatatertib,, bersopanbersopan dalamdalam

percakapanpercakapan,, dalamdalam kelakuankelakuan,, gerakgerak--gerigeri,,

dandan pergaulanpergaulan..

JugaJuga tidaktidak berguraubergurau sendasenda yangyang

keterlaluanketerlaluan tanpatanpa mengiramengira tempattempat dandansuasanasuasana..

JugaJuga tidaktidak bergaulbergaul bebasbebas antaraantara lelakilelaki dandanperempuanperempuan

MALU KERANA BERBUAT YANGMALU KERANA BERBUAT YANG

MUNGKAR


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MUNGKAR

MenyedariMenyedari diridiri telahtelah melakukanmelakukan kesalahankesalahan,, malumaludiketahuidiketahui masyarakatmasyarakat dandan keluargakeluarga..

MaluMalu dikatakandikatakan rendahrendah akhlakakhlak,, tidaktidak bermaruahbermaruah

MaluMalu atasatas maksiatmaksiat yangyang orangorang lainlain lakukanlakukan..

AdanyaAdanya sifatsifat malumalu menandakanmenandakan adanyaadanya imaniman,,

keranakerana malumalu adalahadalah sebahagiansebahagian daridari imaniman..

MALU KERANA MENCEGAHMALU KERANA MENCEGAH

YANG MUNGKARYANG MUNGKAR


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MaluMalu hendakhendak mencegahmencegah perkaraperkara mungkarmungkar yangyangberlakuberlaku didi hadapanhadapan atauatau belakangbelakang kitakita..

MaluMalu keranakerana keakrabankeakraban,, ketinggianketinggian pangkatpangkat,,kedewasaankedewasaan,, kedudukankedudukan dalamdalam masyarakatmasyarakat..

MaluMalu dikatakandikatakan cubacuba berlagakberlagak alimalim dandan tunjuktunjuk

baikbaik..MaluMalu keranakerana kitakita punpun sebahagiansebahagian daripadadaripadamerekamereka.. BahayaBahaya!!!!

BuatBuat maksiatmaksiat berdosaberdosa!! MaluMalu menegurmenegur punpunberdosaberdosa!!

MALU KERANA BELAJARMALU KERANA BELAJAR

HUKUM AGAMA ATAU ILMUHUKUM AGAMA ATAU ILMU


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YANG TIDAK TAHUYANG TIDAK TAHU

MaluMalu hendakhendak bertanyabertanya hukumhukum atauatau yangyang

taktak tahutahu atauatau

MaluMalu dikatakandikatakan bodohbodoh,, bebalbebal,, dandan lembablembab..

MaluMalu mengakuimengakui kesalahankesalahan atauataukekurangankekurangan padapada diridiri.. TapiTapi IngatIngat!!MenyebarkanMenyebarkan keburukankeburukan dandan kelemahankelemahan

orangorang adalahadalah HARAM!HARAM!MaluMalu sebeginisebegini membawamembawa kepadakepada dosadosa,,

ibadatibadat tidaktidak diterimaditerima,, rugirugi didi akhiratakhirat..

HAKIKAT MALUHAKIKAT MALU


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MaluMalu yangyang khususkhusus (paling(paling muliamulia)) adalahadalahmalumalu kepadakepada ALLahALLah SWT.SWT.

Allah yangAllah yang memberikanmemberikan nikmatnikmat yangyangpelbagaipelbagai,, naiknaik kedudukankedudukan,, pangkatpangkat,, darjatdarjat

ilmuilmu,, kesenangankesenangan dsbdsb..AdakahAdakah patutpatut kitakita kufurkufur kepadakepada nikmatnikmatALLahALLah??

PatuhiPatuhi segalasegala suruhansuruhan,, tegahtegah dandan jauhijauhisegalasegala laranganlarangan..

KESIMPULANKESIMPULAN


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SebagaiSebagai Muslim,Muslim, kitakita harusharus mempunyaimempunyairasarasa malumalu yangyang tinggitinggi terhadapterhadap ALLahALLah dandan

jugajuga manusiamanusia..MaluMalu terhadapterhadap ALLahALLah dengandengan menjagamenjaga

segalasegala suruhansuruhan dandan menjauhimenjauhi dandanmencegahmencegah segalasegala laranganlarangan..

MaluMalu terhadapterhadap manusiamanusia dengandengan menjagamenjaga

segalasegala akhlakakhlak dalamdalam pergaulanpergaulan dandanmuammalahmuammalah sesamasesama insaninsan..


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SEKIAN, TERIMA KASIHSEKIAN, TERIMA KASIH

AlAl--haqirhaqir walwal faqiirufaqiiru--ilALLahilALLah::

MOHD FADZIL ABDUL RAHIMMOHD FADZIL ABDUL RAHIM


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Matlamat Hidup Muslim

MATLAMAT HIDUP1. GOLONGAN MANUSIA YANG HIDUPNYA

HANYA UNTUK DUNIA


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PEMBAHAGIAN MANUSIADI DUNIA MENURUTPANDANGAN ISLAM

HANYA UNTUK DUNIA

2. GOLONGAN YANGTERCARI-CARI ANTARADUNIA DAN AKHIRAT

3. GOLONGAN YANG MENGANGGAP BAHAWADUNIA SEBAGAI LADANG AKHIRAT

Sumber:Buku: Apa erti saya menganut Islam

1. GOLONGAN MANUSIA YANG HIDUPNYA

HANYA UNTUK DUNIA


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HANYA UNTUK DUNIA

2. GOLONGAN YANGTERCARI-CARI ANTARADUNIA DAN AKHIRAT


DENGAN MERUJUK KEPADA

AKTIVITI-AKTIVITI HARIAN ANDA(AKTIVITI SEBELUM CUTI)SERTA MATLAMAT-MATLAMATYANG TELAH ANDA SEBUTKANSILA KENALPASTI DI MANAKAH

KEDUDUKAN ANDA ANTARA TIGAGOLONGAN INI

ARAHAN 2:

1. GOLONGAN MANUSIA YANG HIDUPNYAHANYA UNTUK DUNIA

M k k l t i li tik d i d t


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Mereka merupakan golongan materialistik dari sudutaqidah dan realiti kehidupan mereka sendiri.

1. Dunia menjadi tujuan dan matlamat terbesar hidup mereka

2. Menyangka bahawa segala sesuatu adalah terhasil daripadausaha mereka sendiri.

Ciri-ciri:

Hakikat matlamat ini:

Mengkufuri kewujudan kehidupan selepas daripadakehidupan dunia

3. Tenggelam dalam perjalanan mengejar kenikmatan dunia.

2. GOLONGAN YANG TERCARI-CARI ANTARADUNIA DAN AKHIRAT


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Mereka merupakan kebanyakan daripada manusia yang aqidahnyagoyah (sentiasa ragu-ragu) dan banyak melakukan amalan sia-siadalam kehidupan dunia tetapi dalam masa yang sama menyangkamereka di kalangan golongan yang melakukan kebaikan.

Ciri-ciri:

1. Beriman kepada Allah SWT dan hari akhirat tetapi pada

hakikatnya ia terpisah daripada realiti kehidupan mereka.2. Kehidupan mereka lebih cenderung kepada gaya hidup

golongan materialistik walaupun melaksanakan beberapaaktiviti kerohanian.



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DUNIA SEBAGAI LADANG AKHIRAT

Mereka merupakan mukmin sebenar yang mengetahui hakikat

kehidupan ini dan mengerti berkenaan perbezaan nilai kehidupanakhirat berbanding kehidupan dunia.

Kehidupan dunia mereka tidak lalai daripada menepati tujuan(matlamat)kehidupan mereka yang sebenar iaitu mengabdikan

diri kepada Allah SWT.

CIRI-CIRI


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Tiadalah hidup di dunia ini melainkan permainan dan pergurauan.Sesungguhnya kampung akhirat, lebih baik bagi orang-orang yangbertaqwa. Apa tidakkah kamu memikirkan ?

(Al Anam 6 : 32 )

HAKIKAT KEHIDUPAN DUNIA DAN AKHIRAT


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APAKAH MATLAMAT HIDUP MUSLIMYANG SEPATUTNYA???

PERANAN MATLAMAT DALAM MENCORAKKAN TINDAKAN


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Minda HatiPancainderaAmalan

Amalan

MATLAMAT

MATLAMAT YANG TERSEMAT KUKUH DI HATI DAPATMENGIKAT MINDA DAN PANCAINDERA BERFUNGSIKE ARAH MEREALISASIKAN APA YANG DIMATLAMATKAN

TERSEBUT


KES 1: MATLAMAT HIDUP: MENJADI KAYA (SAHAJA)


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Amalan

MATLAMAT

SETIAP TINDAKAN AKAN DISELARASKANDENGAN MATLAMAT

IMPLIKASI: SETIAP TINDAKAN AKAN TERSERLAH UNSUR-UNSUR YANGMENGGAMBARKAN KEINGINAN YANG TINGGI UNTUK MENCAPAI MATLAMAT

TERSEBUT SEPERTI KESUNGGUHAN, DISIPLIN TETAPI TIADA YANG DAPATMENCEGAHNYA DARIPADA MELAKUKAN PECAH AMANAH, KHIANAT DSBUNTUK MENCAPAI MATLAMAT TERSEBUT


KES 2: MATLAMAT HIDUP: KEREDHAAN ALLAH


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Amalan

MATLAMAT

SETIAP TINDAKAN AKAN DISELARASKANDENGAN MATLAMAT

IMPLIKASI: SETIAP TINDAKAN AKAN TERSERLAHUNSUR-UNSUR YANG MENGGAMBARKAN KETAATANTERHADAP ALLAH SEPERTI AMANAH, JUJUR

Seseorang yang memeluk Islam dengan sebenar beranggapan bahawa


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MATLAMAT HIDUP ANDA: ANDA MEMBUAT KEPUTUSAN ???

Seseorang yang memeluk Islam dengan sebenar beranggapan bahawadunia sebagai medan untuk berlumba-lumba mentaati perintah Allah danmendapatkan redha-Nya. Seluruh kehidupannya menjurus ke arah tujuantersebut.

Golongan materialistik sentiasa berlumba-lumba dalam kehidupan iniuntuk tujuan memenuhi nafsu dan syahwat mereka.

Matlamat hidupmenjadi panduandalam kehidupan

PERJALANAN HIDUP MANUSIA


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ALAM AKHIRATALAM BARZAKHALAM DUNIAALAM RAHIM

DARI ALLAH KEPADA ALLAH

SILA KAJI KEMBALI MATLAMAT HIDUP ANDA DENGANMENGAMBIL KIRA PERKARA BERIKUT:DI MANA AKU SEBELUM AKU LAHIR?UNTUK APA AKU DIJADIKAN?KE MANA AKU AKAN PERGI SELEPAS INI?


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TERIMA KASIH


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OVERVIEW OF PRESENTATION:OVERVIEW OF PRESENTATION:


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1.1. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

2.2. LITERATURE REVIEWLITERATURE REVIEW

3.3. PROBLEM FORMULATION ANDPROBLEM FORMULATION AND

RESEARCH METHODOLOGYRESEARCH METHODOLOGY

4.4. RESULT AND DISCUSSIONRESULT AND DISCUSSION

5.5. CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

ErgonomicsErgonomics-- the application of knowledge of human characteristics tothe application of knowledge of human characteristics tothe design of systemsthe design of systems


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the design of systems.the design of systems.

Environmental ergonomics is concerned with how the people interaEnvironmental ergonomics is concerned with how the people interactct

with the environment from the perspective of ergonomics.with the environment from the perspective of ergonomics.

There are numerous factors that can make up a working environmenThere are numerous factors that can make up a working environment.t.

These include noise, vibration, light, heat and cold, particulatThese include noise, vibration, light, heat and cold, particulates in thees in the

air, gases, air pressures, gravity, etc.air, gases, air pressures, gravity, etc.

There is a continuous and dynamic interaction between people andThere is a continuous and dynamic interaction between people and

their environments that produces physiological and psychologicaltheir environments that produces physiological and psychological

strain on the personstrain on the person

This can lead to discomfort, annoyance, subtle and direct affectThis can lead to discomfort, annoyance, subtle and direct affects ons on

performance and productivity, affects on health and safety, andperformance and productivity, affects on health and safety, and deathdeath

which also dramatically affected the performance of the workers.which also dramatically affected the performance of the workers.

Noise can have direct and indirect effects on workers' health. LNoise can have direct and indirect effects on workers' health. Longong--termterm

exposure to noise causes noiseexposure to noise causes noise--induced hearing loss.induced hearing loss.

Through the set of these studies an effort was made to investigaThrough the set of these studies an effort was made to investigate thete the


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g gg g

effect of noise on industrial worker.effect of noise on industrial worker.

For this purpose in course of investigations the impact of varyiFor this purpose in course of investigations the impact of varying differentng different

work environments with different levels of noise on human operatwork environments with different levels of noise on human operators wasors was

explored.explored.

The noises levels selected were representatives of three differThe noises levels selected were representatives of three differ

entent

industries prevalent in the Malaysian context.industries prevalent in the Malaysian context.

The sites of research were rubber boots and shoes industry, highThe sites of research were rubber boots and shoes industry, high

precision CNC turning/metal stamping components industry andprecision CNC turning/metal stamping components industry andnewspaper printing plant.newspaper printing plant.

LITERATURE REVIEWLITERATURE REVIEW

Basic Physic of SoundBasic Physic of Sound

Sound may be defined as the auditory sensation produced by theseSound may be defined as the auditory sensation produced by theseill ti (B id 1995)ill ti (B id 1995)


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pressure oscillations (Bridger, 1995).pressure oscillations (Bridger, 1995).

Bridger (1995) also defined noise as a sound or sounds at suchBridger (1995) also defined noise as a sound or sounds at such

amplitude as to annoyance or to interfere with communication.amplitude as to annoyance or to interfere with communication. Sound can be measured objectively but noise is a subjectiveSound can be measured objectively but noise is a subjective

phenomenonphenomenon

Kroemer et al. (2001) mentioned that noise is psychological andKroemer et al. (2001) mentioned that noise is psychological andsubjectivesubjective

Single, short tones of low intensity may be considered noise undSingle, short tones of low intensity may be considered noise underercertain conditions, just as loud, lasting, complex sounds may becertain conditions, just as loud, lasting, complex sounds may bedeemed noise under other circumstances.deemed noise under other circumstances.

The frequencies or frequencies distributions of both are measureThe frequencies or frequencies distributions of both are measured ind inHertz (Hz), their intensities in amplitude and sound pressure leHertz (Hz), their intensities in amplitude and sound pressure levels invels in

logarithmic manner units known as decibels (dB).logarithmic manner units known as decibels (dB).


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Sound and Noise MeasurementsSound and Noise Measurements

The Occupational Safety and Health Act (Public Law 91The Occupational Safety and Health Act (Public Law 91--596) of Office596) of Office

of Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) of America establisheof Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) of America established ad aregulation that said a maximum noise level of 90 dBA for a contiregulation that said a maximum noise level of 90 dBA for a continuousnuous


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regulation that said a maximum noise level of 90 dBA for a contiregulation that said a maximum noise level of 90 dBA for a continuousnuous

88--hour exposure during a working day. Higher sound levels arehour exposure during a working day. Higher sound levels are

allowed for shorter exposure times. (Thumann and Miller,1986)allowed for shorter exposure times. (Thumann and Miller,1986)

Noise DosimetersNoise Dosimeters --integration of the noise measured at theintegration of the noise measured at the

microphones over period of time and expresses it as a percentagemicrophones over period of time and expresses it as a percentage ofof

the daily allowable noise dosethe daily allowable noise dose (Bridger,1995)(Bridger,1995)

Sound Level MetersSound Level Meters--used in noise measurements to cope with theused in noise measurements to cope with the

widely varying types of noise encountered in industry, commerciawidely varying types of noise encountered in industry, commerciall

meters usually have several responses modesmeters usually have several responses modes--normally, slow and fastnormally, slow and fast

and sometimes impulse response modes.and sometimes impulse response modes.

The Effec ts of NoiseThe Effec ts of Noise

Noise can create negative emotions, feeling of surprise, frustraNoise can create negative emotions, feeling of surprise, frustration,tion,

anger and fear.anger and fear.


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The effects of noise also produce temporary or permanent alteratThe effects of noise also produce temporary or permanent alterationsions

in body chemistry and temporarily or permanently change onein body chemistry and temporarily or permanently change oness

hearing capability too. (Kroemer et al. 2001).hearing capability too. (Kroemer et al. 2001).

The major effects of noise were physiological stress, NThe major effects of noise were physiological stress, N--reactions (nonreactions (non--

auditory reactions), Temporary Threshold Shift (TTS), startle efauditory reactions), Temporary Threshold Shift (TTS), startle effect,fect,

auditory effects, Permanent Threshold Shift (PTS), acoustic trauauditory effects, Permanent Threshold Shift (PTS), acoustic trauma,ma,

psychological effects, sleep disturbances and speech interferencpsychological effects, sleep disturbances and speech interference.e.

Irritability, tenseness, insomnia are the diseases due to exposuIrritability, tenseness, insomnia are the diseases due to exposure tore to

high level of noise.high level of noise.

Preventing the Effec ts of NoisePreventing the Effec ts of Noise

Avoid generationAvoid generation

Impede transmissionImpede transmission

Leave the areaLeave the area Use of Hearing Protection Devices (HPD)Use of Hearing Protection Devices (HPD)


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Use of Hearing Protection Devices (HPD)Use of Hearing Protection Devices (HPD)

Control Methods of Noise in Industrial SiteControl Methods of Noise in Industrial Site

Analyze processes and equipment during planning and design.Analyze processes and equipment during planning and design.

Substitute alternate equipments, materials, processes and activiSubstitute alternate equipments, materials, processes and activities forties for

quieter ones.quieter ones.

Modify the noise sources when it cannot be replaced.Modify the noise sources when it cannot be replaced.

Use enclosure to encloses a sound source or place sound absorbinUse enclosure to encloses a sound source or place sound absorbingg

materials on the surfaces of objects within or a room.materials on the surfaces of objects within or a room.

Some Basic steps in the Management of Industrial Noise ExposureSome Basic steps in the Management of Industrial Noise Exposure ShortShort--term measureterm measure--e.g. issue earplugs or earmuffse.g. issue earplugs or earmuffs

MediumMedium-- term measureterm measure--e.g. reposition noisy machinese.g. reposition noisy machines

LongLong--term measureterm measure--e.ge.g. implement an audiometric testing p rog ram. implement an audiometric testing p rog ram

PROBLEM FORMULATION ANDPROBLEM FORMULATION ANDRESEARCH METHODOLOGYRESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Present work pertains to the one of the most critical dimensionsPresent work pertains to the one of the most critical dimensions ofof


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Present work pertains to the one of the most critical dimensionsPresent work pertains to the one of the most critical dimensions ofof

environment that is noise and its impacts on human workers. Theenvironment that is noise and its impacts on human workers. The

studies were confined to the industrial workers only. The hypothstudies were confined to the industrial workers only. The hypothesisesis

tested were:tested were:The industrial workers involved in respective researchedThe industrial workers involved in respective researched

industrial sites are negatively affected by the level of noiseindustrial sites are negatively affected by the level of noise

generated in their respective work environmentsgenerated in their respective work environments

The work environments studied pertained to the following respectThe work environments studied pertained to the following respectiveive

industrial site below:industrial site below:

Harvik Rubber Industries Sdn. Bhd. , Prai, Penang.Harvik Rubber Industries Sdn. Bhd. , Prai, Penang.

Wong Engineering Industries Sdn. Bhd,, Kulim, Kedah.Wong Engineering Industries Sdn. Bhd,, Kulim, Kedah.

The New Straits Times Press (M) Bhd., Prai, Penang.The New Straits Times Press (M) Bhd., Prai, Penang.

The variables explored spanned over following types:

Physiological effects variables

Psychological effects variables

Auditory effects variables Hearing loss effects variables


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g

Sleep disturbances variables

The questionnaires were designed and the effects have been collectedthrough three types of answers. The categories answer were YES, NOandCANNOT SAY.

The questionnaires comprised of 40 items spanning over the followingkinds of the variables and circulated among the workers at each sites ofresearch.

The actual of noise to which workers were being exposed was recordedby using Logging Noise Dose Meter Type 4443.

These were done by standing at the workers place in 5 minute to record

the maximum level and average level of noise at those locations.

.

RESULT AND DISCUSSIONRESULT AND DISCUSSION The questionnaires that have been circulated have been answeredThe questionnaires that have been circulated have been answered byby

40 respondents or total 120 persons.40 respondents or total 120 persons.Result of the data analysis pertaining general information of reResult of the data analysis pertaining general information of respondents atspondents at


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each siteeach site

Information Harvik Rubber Wong Engineering NSTP Printing

Male 24 persons(60 %) 35 persons(87.5%) 34 persons(85%)

Female16 persons

(40%)

5 persons

(12.5%)

6 persons

(15%)

16 to 25 years0 person

(0%)

8 persons

(20%)

2 persons

(5%)

25 to 40 years20 persons

(50%)

26 persons

(65%)

26 persons

(65%)

40 to 55 years20 persons

(50%)

6 persons

(15%)

11 persons

(27.5%)

More than 55 years0 person

(0%)

0 person

(0%)

1 person

(2.5%)

Married34 persons

(85%)

24 persons

(60%)

33 persons

(82.5%)

Unmarried 6 persons(15%)

16 persons(40%)

7 persons(17.5%)

Marital

status

Age

Sex

Less than a year0 persons

(0%)

6 persons

(15%)

3 persons

(7.5%)

One to two years1 person

(2.5%)

12 persons

(30%)

14 persons

(35%)

Two to five years4 persons

(10%)

7 persons

(17 5%)

2 persons

(5%)

Duration insection


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Two to five years(10%) (17.5%) (5%)

More than five years35 persons

(87.5%)

15 persons

(37.5%)

21 persons

(52.5%)

Less than 1 Km0 person

(0%)

0 person

(0%)

0 person

(0%)

1 Km to 5 Km6 persons

(15%)

12 persons

(30%)

13 persons

(32.5%)

5 Km to 10 Km6 persons

(15%)

12 persons

(30%)

18 persons

(45%)

More than 10 Km28 persons

(70%)

6 persons

(15%)

9 persons

(22,5%)

Distance from

house toworkplace

Study of the noise level statusStudy of the noise level status


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Study of the noise level statusStudy of the noise level status

existing at different sites inexisting at different sites inHarvik Rubber, WongHarvik Rubber, Wong

Engineering and NSTP PrintingEngineering and NSTP Printing

Status of equivalent noise at different locations in the HarvikStatus of equivalent noise at different locations in the HarvikRubberRubber

NO. OF

PLACE

NAME OF PLACE MAXIMUM

(dBA)

LEQ

(dBA)

1 Preparation Section 84.3 78,4


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2 Moulding Section 88.8 80,1

3 Skim Calender Section 90.6 85,1

4 Mixing Section 89.1 84,6

5 Cutting Section 94.3 80,4

6 Assembly Section 96.7 84,7

7 Vulcaniser Section 82.8 80,3

8 Finish Good Inspection Section 86.4 75,5

9 Air Compressor Room 88.6 87,5

10 Boiler Room 93.4 90,7

11 Maintenance Workshop 88.4 81,3

Graphical comparison of noise levels at different locations at HGraphical comparison of noise levels at different locations at Harvik Rubberarvik Rubber

120

Maximum (dBA)


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0

20

40

60

80

100

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Place

dBA

LEQ (dBA)

Status of equivalent noise at different locations in the Wong EnStatus of equivalent noise at different locations in the Wong Engineeringgineering

NO. OF PLACE NAME OF PLACE MAXIMUM

(dBA)

LEQ (dBA)

1 Turret Bending Section 86.8 83,2

2 Turret Punching Section (Cell A) 95 1 87 1


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2 Turret Punching Section (Cell A) 95.1 87,1

3 Turret Punching Section (Cell B) 85.0 82,2

4 Low Stamping Section 84.6 82

5 Medium Stamping Section (Cell A) 95.4 84,1

6 Medium Stamping Section (Cell B) 90.4 81,3

7 Heavy Stamping Section 98.5 86,6

8 Multi Spindle Section ( Cell A) 88.1 82

9 Multi Spindle Section (Cell B) 78.9 78

10 Escomatic Section 89.3 86,2

11 CNC-1 Section (Cell A) 87.7 83,6

12 CNC-1 Section (Cell B) 89.1 82,3

13 CNC-2 Section 87.7 81,3

Graphical comparison of noise levels at different locations at WGraphical comparison of noise levels at different locations at Wongong

EngineeringEngineering

120Maximum (dBA)

LEQ (dBA)


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0

20

40

60

80

100

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

Place

dBA

LEQ (dBA)

Status of equivalent noise at different locations in the NSTP PrStatus of equivalent noise at different locations in the NSTP Printinginting

NO. OF

PLACE

NAME OF PLACE MAXIMUM

(dBA)

LEQ

(dBA)


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1 Pre-press Section

95.2 80,1

2 Press Section96.1 93,7

3 Reel Stand Section79.0 77,1

4 Mail (Packaging) Section89.3 80,3

Graphical comparison of noise levels at different locations at NGraphical comparison of noise levels at different locations at NSTP PrintingSTP Printing

120


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0

20

40

60

80

100

1 2 3 4

Place

dBA Maximum (dBA)

LEQ (dBA)

Study of the effects of noise onStudy of the effects of noise on


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Study of the effects of noise onStudy of the effects of noise on

industrial workers in Harvikindustrial workers in HarvikRubber, Wong Engineering andRubber, Wong Engineering and

NSTP Printing PlantNSTP Printing Plant

Physiological Effects on the industrial workers in each sitePhysiological Effects on the industrial workers in each site

Physiological Effect /

Noise

Presence of Effect

in (%)

No Effect

in (%)

No Response

in (%)

Harvik Rubber 27 54 19

Wong Engineering 25 70 5


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NSTP Printing 30 56 14

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Harvik

Rubber

Wong

Engineering

NSTP

Printing PlantPlace

Percentage(%

No response

No effect

Presence of effect

Hearing Loss Effects on the industrial workers in each siteHearing Loss Effects on the industrial workers in each site

Hearing Loss Effect /

Noise

Presence of Effect

in (%)

No Effect

in (%)

No Response

in (%)




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0%

10%

20%30%

40%

50%

60%

70%80%

90%

100%

Harvik

Rubber

Wong

Engineering

NSTP

Printing PlantPlace

Percentage(

No responseNo effect

Presence of effect

Auditory Effects on the industrial workers in each siteAuditory Effects on the industrial workers in each site

Auditory Effect / NoisePresence of Effect

in (%)

No Effect

in (%)

No Response

in (%)




123/232

g g g


0%

10%

20%30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Harvik

Rubber

Wong

Engineering

NSTP

Printing Plant

Place

Percentage(%

No response

No effect

Presence of effect

Psychological Effects on the industrial workers in each sitePsychological Effects on the industrial workers in each site

Psychological Effect /

Noise

Presence of Effect in

(%)

No Effect

in (%)No Response in (%)




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g g g


0%

10%

20%30%

40%

50%

60%

70%80%

90%

100%

Harvik

Rubber

Wong

Engineering

NSTP

Printing Plant

Place

P

ercentage(%

No response

No effect

Presence of effect

Sleep Disturbances Effects on the industrial workers in each sitSleep Disturbances Effects on the industrial workers in each sitee

Sleep Disturbances /

Noise

Presence of

Disturbances

in (%)

No Disturbances

Effect

in (%)

No Response

in (%)




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0%

10%

20%30%

40%

50%

60%

70%80%

90%

100%

Harvik Rubber Wong

Engineering

NSTP Printing

Plant

Place

Percentage(

No response

No effect

Presence of effect

Study of hearing protectionStudy of hearing protectionequipments that have beenequipments that have been


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equipments that have beenequipments that have been

provided by the managementprovided by the managementto the employees as one of theto the employees as one of the

way to reduce noise effect onway to reduce noise effect onindustrial workerindustrial worker

An opinion of workers regarding to the Hearing Protection EquipmAn opinion of workers regarding to the Hearing Protection Equipment thatent thathave been provided by management to themhave been provided by management to them

Protection Of Hearing

/ Noise

Presence of Protection

in (%)

No Protection

in (%)

No Response

in (%)



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NSTP Regional

Printing Plant 93 4 3

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Harvik Rubber Wong

Engineering

NSTP Printing

Plant

Place

Per

centage(

No response

No protection

Presence of protection

Statistica l Analysis Of The Data Ob tainedStatistical Analysis Of The Data Ob tained

The most common type of test used to carry out bivariate analysiThe most common type of test used to carry out bivariate analysis ins in

practice is Chipractice is Chi--square test.square test.

The ChiThe Chi--square test may tell us that whether the two variables aresquare test may tell us that whether the two variables are


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dependent or independent.dependent or independent.

However, it does not tell anything about the nature of relationsHowever, it does not tell anything about the nature of relationshiphip

between the two variablesbetween the two variables..

Generally, the null hypothesis for overall ChiGenerally, the null hypothesis for overall Chi--square test is that the twosquare test is that the two

variables are independent of each other.variables are independent of each other.

The alternative hypothesis is that they are not independent, thaThe alternative hypothesis is that they are not independent, that is,t is,there is a relationship between the two variables.there is a relationship between the two variables.

In the present case the one variable was represented by the kindIn the present case the one variable was represented by the kind ofofindustrial environment or site while the second variable indicatindustrial environment or site while the second variable indicates thees the

presence or absence of effect on the industrial workers.presence or absence of effect on the industrial workers.

The observed (O) and expected (E) frequency values were calculatThe observed (O) and expected (E) frequency values were calculated.ed.


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The null hypothesis so formed was tested at a confidence level oThe null hypothesis so formed was tested at a confidence level off

90%(90%( = 0.1) and 95% (= 0.1) and 95% ( = 0.05) and accuracy= 0.05) and accuracy 5% Chi5% Chi--square valuesquare value

was calculated from (Owas calculated from (O--E)2 / E.E)2 / E.

Expected value was calculated by using probability.Expected value was calculated by using probability.

When observed value would significantly greater than the expecteWhen observed value would significantly greater than the expectedd

value a relationship is said to exist between two variables othevalue a relationship is said to exist between two variables otherwise therwise the

relationship does not exists.relationship does not exists.

Data Analysis for the Physiological EffectsData Analysis for the Physiological Effects

Computation of Test Statistic of Physiological Effec ts

( )E

EO2

Place Responds O E

P f ff t 172 173 33 0 01


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Presence of effect 172 173.33 0.01

No effect 343 384.00 4.38

Cannot say 125 82.67 21.67


No effect 449 384.00 11.00

Cannot say 34 82.67 28.65


No effect 360 384.00 1.50

Cannot say 89 82.67 0.48

Total 71.03

NSTP Printing

Wong Engineering

Harvik Rubber

Discussion and conclusion

FromFrom ChiChi--Square Distribution Table,Square Distribution Table, level of significance,level of significance, = 0.1 and= 0.1 andthe degree of freedom (df) = 4, the critical value obtained isthe degree of freedom (df) = 4, the critical value obtained is

Since the computed test statistics has exSince the computed test statistics has exceeded theceeded the

iti l lcritical value or:

77944.71.02 =

03.712=


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critical value or:critical value or:

So, the null hypothesis is rejected.So, the null hypothesis is rejected.

IIf we take level of significance, = 0.05 and the degree of freedom(df) =4, the critical value obtained isthe critical value obtained is

Since the computed test statistic hasSince the computed test statistic has exceeded theexceeded the

critical value or :critical value or :

So, the null hypothesis is rejected too.So, the null hypothesis is rejected too.

This meant that at level of significanceThis meant that at level of significance = 0.1 and= 0.1 and = 0.05,= 0.05,Physiological Effects of noise on industrial workers are dependePhysiological Effects of noise on industrial workers are dependent onnt on

type of industrytype of industry

1.022

>

48773.905.02

=

03.712=

05.022

>

Data Analysis for the Hearing Loss EffectsData Analysis for the Hearing Loss Effects

Computa tion of Test Statistic of Hearing Loss Effec ts

( )E

EO2

Place Responds O E


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No effect 73 86.00 1.97

Cannot say 19 13.00 2.77


No effect 103 86.00 3.36

Cannot say 6 13.00 3.77


No effect 82 86.00 0.19Cannot say 14 13.00 0.08

Total 14.73

NSTP Printing

Wong Engineering

Harvik Rubber





77944.71.02 =

73.142=


133/232







This meant that at level of significanceThis meant that at level of significance = 0.1 and= 0.1 and = 0.05, Hearing= 0.05, HearingLoss Effects of noise on industrial workers are dependent on typLoss Effects of noise on industrial workers are dependent on type ofe of

industryindustry

1.022

>

48773.905.02

=

05.022

>

73.142=

Data Analysis for the Auditory EffectsData Analysis for the Auditory Effects

Computation of Test Statistic of Aud itory Effec ts

( )E

EO2

Place Responds O E


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No effect 13 17.00 0.94

Cannot say 2 5.00 1.80


No effect 23 17.00 2.12



No effect 15 17.00 0.24


Total 9.85

NSTP Printing

Wong Engineering

Harvik Rubber





77944.71.02 =

22

85.92=


135/232







This meant that at level of significanceThis meant that at level of significance = 0.1 and= 0.1 and = 0.05, Auditory= 0.05, AuditoryEffects of noise on industrial workers are dependent on type ofEffects of noise on industrial workers are dependent on type of industryindustry

1.022

>

48773.905.02

=

05.022

>

85.92=

Data Analysis for the Psychological EffectsData Analysis for the Psychological Effects

Computation of Test Statistic of Psycholog ical Effec ts

( )E

EO2

Place Responds O E


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No effect 167 182.00 1.24

Cannot say 62 48.67 3.65


No effect 196 182.00 1.08

Cannot say 39 48.67 1.92


No effect 183 182.00 0.01

Cannot say 45 48.67 0.28

Total 8.30

NSTP Printing

Wong Engineering

Harvik Rubber





77944.71.02 =

22

30.82=


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Since the computed test statistic hasSince the computed test statistic has not exceeded thenot exceeded the


So, the null hypothesis is accepted.So, the null hypothesis is accepted. This meant that at level of significance = 0.1, Psychological Effects of

noise on industrial workers are dependent on types of industry but at

level of significant = 0.05 the effects are independent.

1.022

>

48773.905.02

=

30.82=

05.022

48773.905.02

=

05.022

>

72.112=

Results of the statistical test in a summarized form with refereResults of the statistical test in a summarized form with reference tonce to

the five effects of interest.the five effects of interest.

Relationship between the type of effectat different propose sites

No. Type of Effect


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= 0.1 = 0.05

1 Physiological Effects Significant Significant

2 Hearing Loss Effects Significant Significant

3 Auditory Effects Significant Significant

4 Psychological Effects Significant Not Significant

5 Sleep Disturbances Effects Significant Significant

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

1.1. The highest extent of noise in term of maximum level of noise atThe highest extent of noise in term of maximum level of noise at

designed area in each different site was can be drawn as below:designed area in each different site was can be drawn as below:a)a) Harvik RubberHarvik Rubber -- 96.7 dBA at Assembly section96.7 dBA at Assembly section

b)b) Wong EngineeringWong Engineering98.5 dBA at Heavy Stamping section98.5 dBA at Heavy Stamping section


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c)c) NSTP PrintingNSTP Printing96.1 dBA at Press section96.1 dBA at Press section

2.2. On the effects of noise, the percentage of industrial workers afOn the effects of noise, the percentage of industrial workers affectedfected

physiologically, psychologically, feeling regarding the noise lephysiologically, psychologically, feeling regarding the noise level onvel on

hearing ability (hearing loss effects), have a sleep disturbancehearing ability (hearing loss effects), have a sleep disturbances ands and

auditory problem when they worked in the industrial areas. Theauditory problem when they worked in the industrial areas. Thestatistical analysis indicates that there is a relationship.statistical analysis indicates that there is a relationship.

3.3. SuggestionSuggestion--It can be seen that all the effects reduces the noise level toIt can be seen that all the effects reduces the noise level to

a safe limit.a safe limit.

4.4. Then all workers should given hearing protection equipments andThen all workers should given hearing protection equipments and itit

should be made compulsory by management to wear hearingshould be made compulsory by management to wear hearing

protection equipment when dealing with task in noisy environmentprotection equipment when dealing with task in noisy environment..


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THANK YOUTHANK YOU....

FOR YOUR ATTENTIONFOR YOUR ATTENTION

ANALYSIS OF WIRE SWEEPDURING MOLD ENCAPSULATION


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DURING MOLD ENCAPSULATIONOF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE

USING DESIGN OF EXPERIMENT

NORAINI MOHD RAZALI

UKM

THESIS OUTLINE

Introduction

Literature review


144/232

Literature review

Methodology

Result & discussion

Conclusion & recommendation


145/232

INTRODUCTION

OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

To study the relationship between moldingprocess parameters and wire sweep in


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process parameters and wire sweep in

mold encapsulation process, in order toreduce or eliminate wire short arising from

processing and therefore avoiding scrapand customer return

Problem background

Wire sweep is a swaying or movement of thewires during molding (encapsulation process)along the direction of mold flow, which may


147/232

D

Mold flow direction

Lead

frame

Die

Wire

g , y

result in broken or wire shorting.

The level of wire sweep is measured by thedistance of sweep D, where D is equal or

greater than 3 wire diameter

Minimizing wire sweep typically involvesmaking changes to the formulation of the

mold compound, the process parameters andthe mold design. Hence, understanding theeffects of these factors on wire sweep iscrucial to ensure the processability and high

yield.

Factor affecting wire sweep

Primary Factors Secondary Factors


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Primary Factors Secondary Factors

Device geometry

Wire bonding

Mold design

Molding compound

Molding condition

Lead frame design

Bond pad pitch, pad layout (in line vs. staggered)

Wire length, diameter, strength, and loop shape

Gate design, runner design, cavity position

Spiral flow, viscosity, moisture preconditioning

Preheat, transfer pressure, transfer speed, mold

temperature

Lead finger (stamped vs. etched), lead finger pitch,

die pad configuration (size, holes, anchors)


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The thesis is focused on the wire sweepcaused by molding condition which is

much related to the process parameteroptimization during encapsulation process

Overview of semiconductor process

Wafer saw

Die attach

Wafer saw

Die attach


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Wire bonding

Encapsulation

Solder plating

Lead forming

Marking &testing

Test & Inspection

Packing

Test & Inspection

Test & Inspection

Wire bonding

Encapsulation

Solder plating

Lead forming

Marking &

Test & Inspection

Packing

Test & Inspection

Test & Inspection

Transfer molding machine

Basic mold holder

(U )

Transfer cylinder

Basic mold holder

(U )

Transfer cylinder


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Platen

Lower basic

mold

Upper basic

moldUpper mold

Basic mold holder

(Lower)

(Upper)

Clamp

cylinderEjector

cylinder

Lower moldLead frame with

device attached

Platen

Lower basic

mold

Upper basic

moldUpper mold

Basic mold holder

(Lower)

(Upper)

Clamp

cylinderEjector

cylinder

Lower moldLead frame with

device attached

Pel le t Tray

Pick up arm

Pellet

Pel let

Tray

Table

Pellet

Sensor

Plunger

Upper Bas ic Mold

Lower Bas ic Mold

Upper Mold

Lower Mold

Lead f rame

Pel le t Tray

Pick up arm

Pellet

Pel let

Tray

Table

Pellet

Sensor

Plunger

Upper Bas ic Mold

Lower Bas ic Mold

Upper Mold

Lower Mold

Lead f rame

FRONT VIEW SIDE VIEW

MOLDSET UPPER & LOWER(96 CAVITY)

Mold process flow


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Step 1: Open mold

Step 2: Closed mold Step 3: Placement of pellet

Step 4: Transfer-engaging plunger Step 5: Transfer-filling the runners Step 6: Transfer-Filling the mold cavities

Step 7: Open mold after mold compound cure Step 8: Separating packages from runners & cull

Overview of mold compound (pellet)composition & properties


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Catalyst0%

Hardener12%

Epoxy resin

11%

Release agent,

coloring,

coupling agent

1%

Flame retardant

3%

Stress relief

additive

2%

Other

1%

Silica filler

70%

Effects of filler compound

Increase thermal conductivity; Thermal conductivity is higher thanresinous matrix.

Decrease the coefficient of thermal expansion; Thermalexpansion is less than resinous matrix


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expansion is less than resinous matrix.

Increase both the mechanical strength and modulus; Mechanicalstrength and modulus are higher than resinous matrix.

Decrease water absorption and diffusion coefficient; Water is onlyabsorbed on the silica surface. As a result, diffusion of water

through the filler is blocked entirely. Increase melts viscosity; Viscosity is the most important limit on

amount of filler that can be added. Increase the rate of wear on the cavity surface. Increase alpha particle emission; naturally occurring silica is the

only significant source of thorium and uranium that are in turn thesources of alpha particles.

Usually decrease the cost of the composite.


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LITERATURE REVIEW

Previous study on wire sweep

Nguyen and Lim (1990) in diode IC studying wire sweep problemunder different model, ratio of cavity/height of lead frame and wireproperties.

Han and Wang (1995) investigated the wire sweep problem - used


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g ( ) g p p

2D numerical model to simulate the flow to calculate drag force. Chai and Zohar (1999) used 160L QFP to study the influence of

viscosity, the quantity of wire and height of cavity on wire sweep. Chen (1997) used shape factor to analyze wire sweep analysis.

T. Yoshida & A.Tanaka from Nitto Denko Corp. (1996) study thewire sweep caused by the mechanism of die pad tilting whichnormally used to be said physical phenomenon like unbalancedencapsulant flow at top and bottom portion of die pad that drivesdifferent pressure gap at each portion

Rauhut (1997) from Dexter Corp. study the wire sweep control withmold compound formulation. His study aims at providing a betterunderstanding of the relationship between mold compoundformulations and wire sweep.

Mold process condition

Successful optimization depends largely on

adjustment of five key conditions or properties of


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the molding compound during the process.These properties are;

Temperature

Velocity during transfer

Viscosity in the cavity

Pressure during cure in the cavity and The extent of the cure reaction.

Thermosetting characteristic

Most thermosetting molding compounds will crosslink over a widerange of temperatures

In order to be able to transfer the mold compound into the moldcavities, it has to be in the liquid low viscosity state.


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The higher the temperature the faster the mold compound cures,and therefore the gel time and the time for transfer will decrease.

Influence of temperature on time-viscosity curve (bath tub curve)

Thermosetting characteristic

Most molding compounds are granular atroom temperature.


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When exposed to heat, the granules meltand the compound becomes fluid.

Under continued heat cross-linking occursand the material solidifies.

As the material goes from solid to fluid to

solid, its viscosity changes in a mannerindicated by bath tub curve.


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METHODOLOGY

Full Factorial Experiment2N

Full factorial experiment at two levels, designated N refers to the factors or variables whose level settings are

felt by the experimenter to have a significant influence onprocess output.

2N


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2 refers to the fact that each factor will be tested at twolevels, a high (+) and a low (-) setting. The word full means that all possible combinations of levels

for all factors will be run in the experiment, and the datagenerated will be used in analyzing experimental results.

As the number of factors in a factorial experiment grows, thenumber of effects that can be estimated also grows, whereevery possible combination can occur:

4

5

10

2 16 treatment combinations2 32 treatment combinations

2 1024 treatment combinations

Experimental frame work

A brainstorming session was held to identify allpossible factors that could be studied asindependent variables.


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p

Four major factors were selected from a broaderrange of experiences.

The four factors were1) Mold temperature

2) Transfer pressure

3) Transfer speed3) Pellet Breaking point.

Factors and levels used in the DOEfor wire sweep analysis

LevelParameter


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Parameter-1 +1

Mold temperature (C)

Transfer pressure (bar)

Transfer speed (mm/s)

Pellet breaking Point (mm)

200

100

3

5.5

212

180

7

7.5

Original setting of mold parameter

Parameter Original setting


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Mold temperature (A)

Transfer pressure (B)

Transfer speed (C)

Pellet breaking point (D)

212C

150 bar

5 mm/s

6.8 mm

Experimental design for wire sweepoptimization by listing all possible -/+combinations.

Run PatternMold

Temperature (A)

Transfer

Pressure (B)

Transfer Speed

(C)

Pellet breaking

Point (D)

1 ---- -1 -1 -1 -1

2 ---+ -1 -1 -1 1


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3 --+- -1 -1 1 -1

4 --++ -1 -1 1 1

5 -+-- -1 1 -1 -1

6 -+-+ -1 1 -1 1

7 -++- -1 1 1 -1

8 -+++ -1 1 1 1

9 +--- 1 -1 -1 -1

10 +--+ 1 -1 -1 1

11 +-+- 1 -1 1 -1

12+-++

1 -1 1 113 ++-- 1 1 -1 -1

14 ++-+ 1 1 -1 1

15 +++- 1 1 1 -1

16 ++++ 1 1 1 1

Sample size

In determining sample size, the cost and time requiredmust be c

himpunan motivasi

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