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Types of Microorganisms

1. Smallest organism. Mikroorganisma merupakan organism yang tersangat kecil. 2. Can be seen via microscope. Ia hanya boleh diperhatikan di bawah mikroskop3. Microorganism is everywhere. Mikroorganisma terdapat di sekeliling kita4. Contoh mikroorganisma ialah Types of Microorganism

Bakteria Virus Protozoa Funggi

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Growth of Micoorganism/

Pembiakan

Light/ Cahaya

Nutrients/ Nutrient

TempSuhu

HumidityKelembapan

Udara

pH

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Everything about Bacteria

Bacteria is a living microorganism

Shape of BacteriaShapes of bacteria are:- / Bentuk Bakteria

a. Spirillab. Bacillic. Cocci

Nutritiona. Saprophytic (Eat dead animals/plants) Makan benda matib. Parasites (Live on Host) / Mendapatkan makanan daripada tuan rumahc. Autotrophic (Make own food through photosynthesis) / Menghasilkan makanan sendiri

HabitatBacteria live in the damp area. They present in the air, water and soil, plants and animals Hidup di kawasan yang lembap, berair, tanah, tumbuhan dan haiwan

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Everything about Fungi /Fungi

Examples of Fungi

Budding Sporing

HabitatFungi lives on dark places, damp soil / Hidup di kawasan yang gelap, lembapLives on HOST / Hidup di badan tuan rumahnya

NutritionThey are parasites/ Tumbuhan parasit

Example of Fungi invasion base on practical life

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Everything about Protozoa

Examples of Protozoa

Ameoba Paramecium

Nutrition- Parasites parasit- Autotrophic (make their own food) Buat makanan sendiri

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Everything about the VirusVirus is the smallest living microorganism on EarthVirus does not go through respiration Virus does not hunt for food

Lifecycle of the Virus

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Everything about Algae

1. They are plant cell.2. They need sunlight to grow

Habitat1. Lake2. Pond3. Drainage

NutritionMake its own food via photosynthesis

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Factors affecting the Growth of Microorganisms

What are the questions which affect the growth of Microorganisms?a. Nutrientsb. Humidityc. Lightd. Temperature

NutrientsThe nutrients of microorganism are

a. Autotrophicb. Saprophyticc. Parasitic

Autotrophic means that the microorganism can make their own food through photosynthesis. Saprophytic means that the microorganism can eat to eat food from dead thingsParasitic means need to absorb the food from the food

HumidityMicroorganism needs moisture to survive. Some bacteria form spores to survive when the condition are not suitable for living.

LightSome microorganism needs light to survive such as the algae. They need food for photosynthesisHowever most of the microorganism prefer to habitat in the dark places

TemperatureBacteria can survive at optimum temperature of 37oCBacteria will be inactive at cold temperature 100C−00CBacteria will be killed at 1000C

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Usage of Microorganism

Usefulness of Microorganisms

Not all microorganisms are bad. Some microorganisms do bring advantages to mankind.

Contribution of Microorganisms

1. Digestion of Food2. Medical Sector3. Agricultural4. Environment (Decay Process)5. Industry

Industry

Digestion of Food Protozoa Helps digestion of food. Cellulose change to glucose with the presence of cellulose (Enzyme)

Decay Process Bacteria (Saprophytic) Decompose organic matter into humus and mineral

Medicine (Antibiotic) Fungus Production of Penicillin

Agriculture Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria Helps plants to convert nitrogen

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into nitrates

Industry Yeast Production of Ethanol (Alcohol)

Base on the diagram below: Name the product and the microorganism responsible for the production of the consumer products below?

Diseases a and Prevention Disease is a condition which impaired normal function of body

Diseases are caused by microorganism

a) Bacteria (Tuberculosis, Chlolera, Syphillis, Pneumonia, Tetanus)b) Virus (HIV, Dengue Fever, Common Cold, Measles)c) Fungi (Ring worm, Tinea)d) Protozoa (Malaria, Sleeping Sickness)

Tuberculosis

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Tuberculosis is cause by bacteria called Tubercle bacilli. The bacteria will cause coughing can further worsened to coughing blood if not treated

Prevention:

Immunization by BCG

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Cholera

Ringworm

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Cholera is caused by bacteria called Vibrio Cholera. Patients will experience severe diarrhea , giddy, pain and dehydrated.

Prevention:- Drink boiled water- Make sure you get vaccinated against cholera

Ring Worm is caused by fungi infection. The fungus parasites on skin thus causing itchiness

Prevention:- Antibiotic fungus

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Prevention

Prevention of diseases

a) Sterilisation (Heat, Chemicals, Radiation)b) Immunity

Sterilisation Using Heat

- Cooking food can kill microorganism- Boiling Water

Sterilisation Using Chemical

- Antiseptics - Can be used on the skin- Disinfectants – Use to sterilized toilets and buildings

Disinfectants Antiseptics

Sterilisation using Radiation

- Gamma Rays to kill microorganism- Sunlight

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Diseases can be spread through

a) By contactb) By Foodc) By water

How to kill or destroy microorganism

Sterilization Method

Heat - Boiling- Dry Oven- Autoclave( Using steam with high

pressure)Chemicals - Antiseptics

- DisinfectantsRadiations - Ultraviolet

- Gamma rays

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