viii

DAFTAR ISI

HALAMAN JUDUL ................................................................................................ i

HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ................................................................................. ii

HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ................................................................................. ii

SURAT PERNYATAAN....................................................................................... iii

PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI KARYA ILMIAH.................... iv

PRAKATA .............................................................................................................. v

DAFTAR ISI ........................................................................................................ viii

DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................. xi

DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................. xii

DAFTAR SINGKATAN ..................................................................................... xiii

INTISARI ............................................................................................................. xiv

BAB I PENDAHULUAN ....................................................................................... 1

1.1. Latar Belakang ................................................................................. 1

1.2. Rumusan Masalah ........................................................................... 4

1.3. Tujuan Penelitan .............................................................................. 4

1.3.1 Tujuan Umum ........................................................................ 4

1.3.2 Tujuan Khusus ....................................................................... 4

1.4. Manfaat Penelitian ........................................................................... 4

1.4.1. Manfaat Teoritis ..................................................................... 4

1.4.2. Manfaat Praktis ...................................................................... 4

BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ............................................................................. 5

ix

2.1. Pengertian Pharmacovigilance ........................................................ 5

2.1.1. Tujuan Pharmacovigilance .................................................... 5

2.2. Pengertian Reaksi Obat Yang Tidak Dikehendaki (ROTD) ............ 5

2.3. Pengertian Algoritma Naranjo ......................................................... 6

2.4. Tuberkulosis .................................................................................... 7

2.4.1. Definisi ................................................................................... 7

2.4.2. Epidemiologi .......................................................................... 7

2.4.3. Klasifikasi .............................................................................. 9

2.4.4. Patogenesis ........................................................................... 13

2.4.5. Cara Penularan Tuberkulosis. .............................................. 15

2.4.6. Penatalaksanaan TB ............................................................. 16

2.5. Pengendalian TB ........................................................................... 43

2.6. Rumah Sakit Islam Sultan Agung Semarang ................................ 45

2.7. Kerangka Teori .............................................................................. 47

2.8. Kerangka Konsep .......................................................................... 48

2.9. Hipotesis ........................................................................................ 48

BAB III METODE PENELITIAN........................................................................ 49

3.1. Jenis Penelitian dan Rancangan Penelitian .................................... 49

3.2. Variabel dan Definisi Operasional ................................................ 49

3.2.1 Variabel Bebas dan Terikat .................................................. 49

3.2.2 Definisi Operasional ............................................................ 49

3.3 Populasi dan Sampel ...................................................................... 50

3.3.1 Populasi Penelitian ............................................................... 50

x

3.3.2 Sampel Penelitian ................................................................. 50

3.4. Intstrumen Penelitian ..................................................................... 52

3.5. Metode Pengumpulan Data ........................................................... 52

3.6. Cara Penelitian ............................................................................... 53

3.6.1. Perencanaan ......................................................................... 53

3.6.2. Pelaksanaan .......................................................................... 53

3.7. Tempat Dan Waktu Penelitian ....................................................... 55

3.7.1. Tempat Penelitian ................................................................ 55

3.7.2. Waktu Penelitian .................................................................. 55

3.8. Alur Penelitian ............................................................................... 56

3.9. Pengolahan Dan Analisa Data ....................................................... 57

3.9.1. Pengolahan Data .................................................................. 57

3.9.2. Analisis Data ........................................................................ 58

BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN ..................................... 59

4.1. Hasil Penelitian dan Pembahasan .................................................. 59

4.1.1. Hasil Uji Validitas dan Reliabilitas ...................................... 59

4.1.2. Karakteristik Responden ...................................................... 60

4.2. Pembahasan ................................................................................... 67

BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ................................................................ 71

5.1. Kesimpulan .................................................................................... 71

5.2. Saran .............................................................................................. 72

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ........................................................................................... 73

LAMPIRAN

xi

DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 2.1. Bagan Kerangka Teori ..................................................................... 47

Gambar 2.2. Bagan Kerangka Konsep .................................................................. 48

Gambar 3.1. Bagan Alur Penelitian ...................................................................... 56

xii

DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 2.1. OAT Lini Pertama ....................................................................................... 18

Tabel 2.2. Kisaran dosis OAT lini pertama bagi pasien dewasa ................................... 19

Tabel 2.3. OAT yang diguanakan dalam pengobatan TB MDR ................................... 19

Tabel 2.4. Dosis Paduan OAT KDT kategori 1: 2(HRZE)/4(HR)3 .............................. 23

Tabel 2.5. Dosis Paduan OAT Kombipak Kategori 1: 2HRZE/4H3R3 ........................ 24

Tabel 2.6. Dosis Paduan OAT KDT Kategori 2: 2(HRZE)S/(HRZE)/5(HR)3E3 ......... 24

Tabel 2.7. Dosis Paduan OAT Kombipak Kategori 2: 2HRZES/HRZE/5H3R3E3 ...... 25

Tabel 2.8. Acuan penilaian tingkat kegagalan fungsi ginjal pada penyakit ginjal

kronis. .......................................................................................................... 31

Tabel 2.9. Dosis yang dianjurkan pada pengobatan pasien TB dengan penyakit

ginjal kronis ................................................................................................. 31

Tabel 2.10. Efek samping ringan OAT ........................................................................... 35

Tabel 2.11. Efek Samping berat OAT............................................................................. 36

Tabel 3.1. Waktu Penelitian ................................................................................. 55

xiii

DAFTAR SINGKATAN

ADR : Adverse Drug Reaction

BTA : Basil Tahan Asam

DOTS :Directly Observed Treatment Short-course

IRIS : Immune Response Inflammatory Syndrome

ISTC :International Standards for Tuberculosis Care

MDG‟s : Millenium Development Goals

OAT : Obat Anti Tuberkulosis

ROTD : Reaksi Obat Yang Tidak Dikehendaki

TB : Tuberkulosis

WHO : World Health Organization