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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION V

-PERCUSSION BORING-

PRESENTED BY:Mohd Al Fitri (Miri Sarawak)Jalaluddin (Papar Sabah)

Hafyqri (Rampangi Kuching)Mohd Hosni (Rampangi Kuching)Nurul Hanie (Banting Selangor)

PRESENTED FOR:SIR MUZANI (Lect Building)

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introduction...

Soil investigation is process ofinspection to determine the soilcondition.

Soil investigation can be divided intofive (5) methods of investigation :

a) Percussion boringb) Deep sounding

c) Seismic

d) Electrical resistivity

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Percussion Boring...

CABLE TOOL

BORING

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Introduction...

According to R. Whitlow, percussionboring is also known as shell augermethod

It is also known as Standard Method

and Light Cable Tool Method.

This method is used to make hole in

all types of soils including boulders

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The used bits are the bailer and theclay cutter is an open in cohesion

less soils, is a steel tube with a clackvalve at the tip, the clay cutter is anopen steel tube with a cutting shoe.

Depth of up to 60 m can be reached,with borehole diameters rangingfrom 150 to 300mm.

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Most usual borehole 150mm, butothers up to 300mm can be drilled;the maximum depth of exploration,although dependent on soil type tosome extent, is around 50-60m.

The advantage of this method is its

simplicity, but it is difficult to identifythin soil layers or macrofabricfeatures.

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Equipments...

Consists of derrick,

power-winch,

A set of drilling tools.

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TRADITIONAL METHOD

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TYPE OF PERCUSSION

VIBRATION /HAMMERING

Sand Shell/BailerDRILLINGRotary Auger

DRILLING AND VIBRATION

Shell Auger

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Sand Shell Bailer

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Rotary Drilling

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Is the oldest method of making aborehole

Particularly - penetrating coarsegravels, boulders and hard strata.

Heavy drilling bit is raised and

dropped by means of a cable.

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Methods...

Tool assembly is raised by the winchto about 1m above the bottom of thehole,

and then it is allowed to fall underits weight, thus driving the cuttingtool into the soil

A small amount of water is kept in

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Taking soil sample from the shellauger

Cable used to raised the tools and dropped with its ownweight.

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Methods...

Bailing is repeated until the hole hasbeen adequately cleaned, at whichtime drilling is resumed; drilling andbailing are then alternated.

If the hole is unstable, casing islowered and the driving of casing is

alternated with the other twoprocesses.

In loose granular material, such as

sand, bailing alone may be sufficient

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Methods...

Water should be added at the time ofboring and the debris bailed out atinterval. The bit may be suspendedby a cable or rods from walking

beam.

Where the boring is in soil or intosoft rocks and provided that asampler can be driven into them.Cores may be obtained at the

intervals using suitable tools.

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The percussion method is versatile,allowing all types of materials to bepenetrated.

However, in very hard stone,progress is slow. While this method isfrequently associated with large,

motorized, truck-mountedequipment, it can be successfullyscaled down and used withmanpower, or small engines.