building economics：tender report

FOR

Tender Report

20th October 2015

MUKIM BARU, KUALA LUMPUR.

210 UNIT PANGSAPURI ATAS LOT 234,

CADANGAN PROJEK PEMBANGUNAN

TAYLOR'S HOME SDN. BHD.

CADANGAN PROJEK PEMBANGUNAN 210 UNIT PANGSAPURI ATAS LOT 234,

MUKIM BATU, KUALA LUMPUR.

CONTENTS PAGE NO

---------------- --------------

1.00 Introduction 1

2.00 Tender Exercise 1

3.00 Contractual Arrangement 1

4.00 Tender Result 2

5.00 Arithmetical Checks 2

6.00 Schedule of Tender Results 3

7.00 Comparison Of Summary Of Tenders 4

8.00 Comparison Of Bills 5 - 6

9.00 Comments On Individual Tenders 7 - 9

10.00 Conclusion 10

11.00 Appendices 11 - 22



1.00 INTRODUCTION

----------------------

1.01 Scope of Works

-------------------

The scope of works INCLUDED in this Contract, hereinafter referred to as "the Works",

comprise of the execution and completion of the work :-

1) Construction of 210 units Service Apartment.

2.00 TENDER EXERCISE

--------------------------

2.01 Date of Calling Tender : 20-October-2015

2.02 Date of Closing Tender : 17-November-2015

2.03 Number of Tenders Invited : Three (3)

2.04 Number of Tenders Received : Three (3)

3.00 CONTRACTUAL ARRANGEMENT

--------------------------------------------

3.01 Form of Contract : PAM CONTRACT 2006

(WITHOUT QUANTITES)

3.02 Fluctuation : FIRM price tender

3.03 Liquidated Damages : RM 2,000.00 per day

3.04 Retention Fund : 10% subject to a maximum of 5% of

Contract Sum

3.05 Performance Bond : 5% of Contract Sum

3.06 Completion Period : Two (2) years (fixed)

3.07 Validity Period of Tender : 120 Days i.e award of this tender

should be made by 14th March 2016

TENDER REPORT

1



4.00 TENDER RESULTS

------------------------

4.01 The Tender Sum submitted by the tenderers are tabulated in an ascending order

as follows :-

1 Acer Sdn Bhd

2 Company B

3 Company C

4 T.M.A. Sdn Bhd (Consultant's QS)

5.00 ARITHMETICAL CHECKS

----------------------------------

5.01 All the Tenders were checked for arithmetical errors due to wrong casting, adding,

extension or transfer of figures.

Position Tenderers Tender Sum

(RM)

Completion Period

(Fixed)

- 2 Years

123,298,250.00 2 Years

114,119,150.00

- 2 Years

2 Years

2



6.00 SCHEDULE OF TENDER RESULTS

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

6.01 The Tender Sum submitted by the Tenderers are tabulated in an ascending order

as follows :-

%

1 Acer Sdn Bhd Base

2 Company B 0.00%

3 Company C 0.00%

4 T.M.A. Sdn Bhd (Consultant's QS) 8.04%

- -

114,119,150.00

Position TenderersDifference From Lowest

(RM)

Tender Sum

Base

9,179,100.00123,298,250.00

(RM)

- -

3



7.00 COMPARISON OF SUMMARY OF TENDERS

--------------------------------------------------------

7.01 The Summary of Tender are tabulated as follows :-

(RM) (RM) (RM) (RM)

1 Preliminaries 3,100,000.00 - - 9,820,000.00

2 Apartment 81,979,000.00 - - 84,071,000.00

3 Carpark Block 12,981,150.00 - - 14,978,250.00

4 External Works 8,059,000.00 - - 10,059,000.00

5 Contingency Sum 8,000,000.00 - - 4,370,000.00

Total 114,119,150.00 - - 123,298,250.00

Works DescriptionCompany B Company C

Bill NoAcer Sdn Bhd Consultant's QS

4

CADANGAN PROJEK PEMBANGUNAN 210 UNIT PANGSAPURI ATAS LOT 234, MUKIM BATU, KUALA LUMPUR.

8.00 COMPARISON OF BILLS

---------------------------------

8.01 Bill No. 1 - Preliminaries

BQ

Ref. (RM) (RM) (RM) (RM)

General Conditions No No No No

1/1/1.2.3 Performance Bond Breakdown Breakdown Breakdown Breakdown

1/2/1.4.3 Schedule of Conditions

1/2/Clause 3.0 Contract Documents

1/2/Clause 8.0 Site Agent

1/2/Clause 10.0 Site Staff

1/3/Clause 18.0 Injury to Persons Or Loss And/or Damage of Property and

Indemnity To Employer

1/3/Clause 19.0 Insurances Against Injury to Persons And Loss And/or

Damage of Property

1/3/Clause 20.0A Insurance of New Buildings / Works - By The Contractor

1/3/Clause 20.0B Insurance of New Buildings / Works - By The Employer

1/3/Clause 37.0 Performance Bond

1/4/1.5 Site Requirements

1/4/1.5.1 Visit to the Site

1/4/1.5.2 Site Inspection and Site Survey

1/4/1.5.6 Site Management and Supervision - Site Agent

1/4/1.5.7 Site Management and Supervision - Contractor's Site Staff

Support to Employer's Technical Project Team

1/4/1.5.9 Working Hours

1/4/1.5.10 Labour-On-Costs

1/4/1.5.11 Plant and Equipment

1/4/1.5.12 General Scaffolding and Staging

1/4/1.5.16 Protection of the Works

1/4/1.5.17 Site Fire Prevention and Fire Fighting Facilities

1/4/1.5.23 Progress Report

1/4/1.5.24 Progress Photographs

1/4/1.5.26 Hoarding, Gates and Fencing

1/5/1.5.31 Temporary Lighting

1/5/1.5.32

1/5/1.5.33 Temporary Electricity Supply

1/5/1.5.41 Keeping Site Dry

1/5/1.6

1/5/1.6.2 Requirements From The Construction Industry Development

Board (CIDB)

3,100,000.00 - - 9,820,000.00

Company CT.M.A. Sdn

Bhd

Law, Regulations, Local Authorities & Government

Regulations, etc

TOTAL:

Temporary Water For The Works

Acer Sdn BhdBrief Description

Company B

5


8.00 COMPARISON OF BILLS

---------------------------------

8.02 Bill No. 2 - Building Works

BQ

Ref. (RM) (RM) (RM) (RM)

Work Below Lowest Floor Level

1 Piling & Pile Caps 3,695,000.00 3,213,000.00

Frame

2 Reinforced Concrete Frame & Upper Floor Slabs 18,118,000.00 15,755,000.00

4 External Walls 1,527,000.00 1,388,000.00

5 Internal Walls 1,472,000.00 1,338,000.00

Roofing

3 Roof & Rainwater Plumbing 780,000.00 776,000.00

Finishes

6 Windows 10,640,000.00 10,640,000.00

7 Doors & Ironmongery 5,500,000.00 5,596,000.00

8 Handrailing 630,000.00 627,000.00

9 Internal Floor Finishes 4,600,000.00 8,897,000.00

10 Internal Wall Finishes 269,000.00 5,269,000.00

11 Internal Ceiling Finishes 1,000,000.00 975,000.00

12 Staircase Finishes 80,000.00 91,000.00

13 External Finishes 2,400,000.00 2,736,000.00

14 Sanitry Fittings & Accessories 5,454,000.00 3,454,000.00

15 Lift Car Interior Finishes 50,000.00 48,000.00

16 Signages 50,000.00 48,000.00

17 Letter Box 20,000.00 21,000.00

Services

18 Air Conditioning & Mechinical Ventilation Services 7,800,000.00 7,502,000.00

19 Fire Protection Services 700,000.00 718,000.00

20 Cold Water & Sanitary Plumbing Services 3,700,000.00 3,663,000.00

21 LPG Services 800,000.00 825,000.00

22 Lifts Services 2,200,000.00 2,249,000.00

23 Electrical Services 9,391,000.00 7,224,000.00

24 Irrigation 35,000.00 26,000.00

25 Swimming Pool Equipment at Penthouse 80,000.00 100,000.00

26 Builder's Works in Connection with M & E Services 247,000.00 223,000.00

27 Profit & Attendance on M & E Services 741,000.00 669,000.00

81,979,000.00 - - 84,071,000.00 TOTAL:

Company CAcer Sdn Bhd Company B T.M.A. Sdn BhdBrief Description

6



9.00 COMMENTS ON INDIVIDUAL TENDERERS

--------------------------------------------------------

9.01 Comments On Tender Submitted By Acer Sdn Bhd

a) Acer Sdn Bhd submitted the lowest tender at RM 114,119,150.00 with fixed completion period

of 2 years.

b) There is no arithmetical error in the Tender submitted.

c) The Preliminaries are priced at RM 3,100,000.00 which represent 2.72% of the Tender Sum

is considered reasonable.

d) Acer Sdn Bhd has holding of RM 2million paid-up capital, with 5 years of experience in

construction field but currently handling numerous projects.

7




--------------------------------------------------------

9.02 Comments On Tender Submitted By Company B

a) Company B has submitted the 2nd lowest tender at RM XXX,XXX,XXX.XX with

fixed completion period of 2 years.


c) The Preliminaries are priced at RM X,XXX,XXX.XX which represent X.XX% of the

Tender Sum is considered reasonable.

d) Company B has holding of RM 10million paid-up capital, with 15 years of experience in

construction field but currently has no ongoing projects on hand.

8




--------------------------------------------------------

9.02 Comments On Tender Submitted By Company C

a) Company B has submitted the highest tender at RM XXX,XXX,XXX.XX with

fixed completion period of 2 years.


c) The Preliminaries are priced at RM X,XXX,XXX.XX which represent X.XX% of the

Tender Sum is considered high.

d) Company C has holding of RM 20million paid-up capital, with 30 years of experience in

construction field and currently handling some projects on hand.

9



10.00 CONCLUSION

-------------------

10.01 Generally all the tenders received are in order and competative.

10.02 The tender positions are now as follows :-

%

1 Acer Sdn Bhd Base

2 Company B 0.00%

3 Company C 0.00%

4 T.M.A. Sdn Bhd 8.04%

10.03 Tender Sum submitted by Acer Sdn Bhd, RM 114,119,150.00, appears to be the most attractive

and low compared to Company B and Company C.

10.04 The distribution price of each elements in Building Works for Apartment by Acer Sdn Bhd

is slightly higher than cost plan by 3.65% which is acceptable.

10.05 The distribution price of on Carpark Block and External Works by Acer Sdn Bhd

is lower than cost plan by 0.77% and 1.10% which is acceptable as well.

10.06 We would suggest a tender interview be arranged for all the three (3) tenderers to negotiate

and confirm the suitability of tenderers.

Prepared by :

TOO MANY ASSIGNMENT SDN. BHD.

………………………

Harold Yam Yih Hwan

Date : 16th November 2015

2 years

-

PositionCompletion

Period (fixed)

114,119,150.00

Corrected

Tender Sum

(RM)

Tenderers

2 years123,298,250.00

2 years

2 years

Difference From Lowest

(RM)

- -

-

Base

9,179,100.00

10


Comparison between Preliminary Estimate No. 1 & No. 2

Main Summary

Gross Floor Area = 535,506 FS

Saleable Area = 418,164 FS

Ref Description Total Net

Floor Area

Gross

Floor Area

Cost per FS

GFA No.1

Cost per FS

GFA No.2

Cost per FS

Saleable

Area No.1

Cost per FS

Saleable

Area No.2

Estimated Cost

No.1

Estimated Cost

No.2

FS FS RM/FS RM/FS RM/FS RM RM RM

A Apartment 418,164 535,506 135.12 157.09 173.04 201.17 72,352,000.00 84,071,000.00

B Carpark Block 240,209 62.36 62.36 35.82 35.82 14,978,250.00 14,978,250.00

Sub-Total 418,164 775,715 197.48 219.45 208.86 236.99 87,330,250.00 99,049,250.00

C External Works 12.97 12.97 24.06 24.06 10,059,000.00 10,059,000.00

Sub-Total 210.45 232.42 232.92 261.05 97,389,250.00 109,108,250.00

D Preliminaries, No.1 (15%) & No.2 (9%) 18.82 18.82 34.91 34.91 14,600,000.00 9,820,000.00

E Contingency Sum, No.1 (8%) & No.2 (4%) 10.31 10.31 19.13 19.13 8,000,000.00 4,370,000.00

TOTAL ESTIMATED COST 239.58 261.55 286.96 315.09 119,989,250.00 123,298,250.00

11



Cost Plan For Apartment (210 Units)



Ref ElemantsEstimated Cost

No.1

Estimated Cost

No.2

Cost per FS

GFA No.1

Cost per FS

GFA No.2

Cost per FS

Saleable

Area No.1

Cost per FS

Saleable

Area No.2

RM RM RM/FS RM/FS RM/FS RM/FS

1 Piling & Pile Caps 3,213,000.00 3,213,000.00 6.00 6.00 7.68 7.69

2 Reinforced Concrete Frame & Upper Floor Slabs 15,755,000.00 15,755,000.00 29.42 29.43 37.68 37.68

3 Roof & Rainwater Plumbing 776,000.00 776,000.00 1.45 1.45 1.86 1.86

4 External Walls 1,388,000.00 1,388,000.00 2.59 2.60 3.32 3.32

5 Internal Walls 1,338,000.00 1,338,000.00 2.50 2.50 3.20 3.20

6 Windows 3,245,000.00 10,640,000.00 6.06 19.87 7.76 25.45

7 Doors & Ironmongery 5,596,000.00 5,596,000.00 10.45 10.45 13.38 13.39

8 Handrailing 627,000.00 627,000.00 1.17 1.18 1.50 1.50

9 Internal Floor Finishes 4,573,000.00 8,897,000.00 8.54 16.62 10.94 21.28

10 Internal Wall Finishes 5,269,000.00 5,269,000.00 9.84 9.84 12.60 12.61

11 Internal Ceiling Finishes 975,000.00 975,000.00 1.82 1.83 2.33 2.34

12 Staircase Finishes 91,000.00 91,000.00 0.17 0.17 0.22 0.22

13 External Finishes 2,736,000.00 2,736,000.00 5.11 5.11 6.54 6.55

14 Sanitary Fittings & Accessories 3,454,000.00 3,454,000.00 6.45 6.45 8.26 8.26

15 Lift Car Interior Finishes 48,000.00 48,000.00 0.09 0.09 0.12 0.12

16 Signages 48,000.00 48,000.00 0.09 0.09 0.12 0.12

17 Letter Box 21,000.00 21,000.00 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.06

12



Cost Plan For Apartment (210 Units)



Ref ElemantsEstimated Cost

No.1

Estimated Cost

No.2

Cost per FS

GFA No.1

Cost per FS

GFA No.2

Cost per FS

Saleable

Area No.1

Cost per FS

Saleable

Area No.2

RM RM RM/FS RM/FS RM/FS RM/FS

18 Air Conditioning & Mechanical Ventilation Services 7,502,000.00 7,502,000.00 14.01 14.01 17.94 17.95

19 Fire Protection Services 718,000.00 718,000.00 1.34 1.35 1.72 1.72

20 Cold Water & Sanitary Plumbing Services 3,663,000.00 3,663,000.00 6.84 6.85 8.76 8.76

21 LPG Services 825,000.00 825,000.00 1.54 1.55 1.97 1.98

22 Lifts Services 2,249,000.00 2,249,000.00 4.20 4.20 5.38 5.38

23 Electrical Services 7,224,000.00 7,224,000.00 13.49 13.50 17.28 17.28

24 Irrigation 26,000.00 26,000.00 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.07

25 Swimming Pool Equipment at Penthouse 100,000.00 100,000.00 0.19 0.19 0.24 0.24

26 Builder's Works in Connection with M & E Services 223,000.00 223,000.00 0.42 0.42 0.53 0.54

27 Profit & Attendance on M & E Services 669,000.00 669,000.00 1.25 1.25 1.60 1.60

Total 72,352,000.00 84,071,000.00 135.12 157.09 173.04 201.17

13


Appendix "B" - Revised Floor Finishes

Cost Plan No.2



Living & Dining = 16,635 m2 + 200 m2 = 16,835 m2

Maid Room = 1,200 m2 + 200 m2 = 1,400 m2

Supply & Install of 600 x 600mm Porcelain Tiles = RM 102.20 /m2

Supply & Install of 300 x 300mm Ceramic Tiles = RM 63.00 /m2

Supply & Install of 600 x 600mm Iranian Marble = RM 357.70 /m2

Supply & Install of 200 x 200mm Ceramic Tiles = RM 55.44 /m2

Item

1

2

Original Cost Revised Cost

Cost per FS Saleable

Area (RM)

21.28

Element Estimated Cost (RM)

Cost per FS GFA

(RM)

Cost per FS Saleable

Area (RM) Estimated Cost (RM)

Cost per FS GFA

(RM)

76,676,000.00 143.20

8.54 10.94 8,897,000.00 16.62

183.36

Internal Floor Finishes 4,573,000.00

Original Area Add Revised Area

TOTAL 72,352,000.00 135.12 173.02

300 x 300mm Ceramic Tiles 75,600.00 200 x 200mm Ceramic Tiles 77,616.00

Price per m2

Location Specification Omission (RM) Revised Specification Addition (RM)

Total Omission 1,775,697.00 Total Addition 6,099,495.50

Living & Dining 600 x 600mm Porcelain Tiles 1,700,097.00 600 x 600mm Iranian Marble 6,021,879.50

Maid Room

17


Appendix "C" - Revision of Glazing Works

Internal Glazing = 500 m2

External Glazing = 8,500 m2

Total Glazing = 9,000 m2

Supply & Install of Tempered Float Glass = RM 330.00 /m2

Supply & Install of Low-E Tempered Float Glass = RM 1,200.00 /m2

Item

1

2

Additional Cost Required = -

=

Area

Price per m2

Location Specification Omission (RM) Revised Specification Addition (RM)

Internal Glazing Tempered Float Glass 165,000.00 Tempered Float Glass 165,000.00

Low-E Tempered Float Glass 10,200,000.00

Total Omission 2,970,000.00 Total Addition 10,365,000.00

10,365,000.00 2,970,000.00

7,395,000.00

External Glazing Tempered Float Glass 2,805,000.00

18


Appendix "D" - Lowest Tender Submission by Acer Sdn Bhd

Ref Elements Acer Sdn Bhd Cost Plan No.2

Element

Cost/Contract

Sum (Acer

Sdn Bhd)

Element

Cost/Contract

Sum (Cost

Plan No.2)

Difference

in %

Distribution

Cost

Difference

in % PriceRemarks

Comments

on Acer's

Distribution

of Cost

Comments

on Acer's

Pricing

X Y A B A-B X/Y

RM RM % % % %

1 Piling & Pile Caps 3,695,000.00 3,213,000.00 4.51 3.82 0.69 115.00 Rebar Increased By 15% High

2 Reinforced Concrete Frame & Upper Floor Slabs 18,118,000.00 15,755,000.00 22.10 18.74 3.36 115.00 Rebar Increased By 15% High High

3 Roof & Rainwater Plumbing 780,000.00 776,000.00 0.95 0.92 0.03 100.52 Rebar Increased By 15%

4 External Walls 1,527,000.00 1,388,000.00 1.86 1.65 0.21 110.01 Bricks Increased By 10% High

5 Internal Walls 1,472,000.00 1,338,000.00 1.80 1.59 0.20 110.01 Bricks Increased By 10% High

6 Windows 10,640,000.00 10,640,000.00 12.98 12.66 0.32 100.00

7 Doors & Ironmongery 5,500,000.00 5,596,000.00 6.71 6.66 0.05 98.28

8 Handrailing 630,000.00 627,000.00 0.77 0.75 0.02 100.48

9 Internal Floor Finishes 4,600,000.00 8,897,000.00 5.61 10.58 (4.97) 51.70 Low Low

10 Internal Wall Finishes 269,000.00 5,269,000.00 0.33 6.27 (5.94) 5.11 Low Low

11 Internal Ceiling Finishes 1,000,000.00 975,000.00 1.22 1.16 0.06 102.56

12 Staircase Finishes 80,000.00 91,000.00 0.10 0.11 (0.01) 87.91 Low

13 External Finishes 2,400,000.00 2,736,000.00 2.93 3.25 (0.33) 87.72 Low

14 Sanitry Fittings & Accessories 5,454,000.00 3,454,000.00 6.65 4.11 2.54 157.90 High High

15 Lift Car Interior Finishes 50,000.00 48,000.00 0.06 0.06 0.00 104.17

16 Signages 50,000.00 48,000.00 0.06 0.06 0.00 104.17

17 Letter Box 20,000.00 21,000.00 0.02 0.02 (0.00) 95.24

18 Air Conditioning & Mechinical Ventilation Services 7,800,000.00 7,502,000.00 9.51 8.92 0.59 103.97

19 Fire Protection Services 700,000.00 718,000.00 0.85 0.85 (0.00) 97.49

20 Cold Water & Sanitary Plumbing Services 3,700,000.00 3,663,000.00 4.51 4.36 0.16 101.01

21 LPG Services 800,000.00 825,000.00 0.98 0.98 (0.01) 96.97

22 Lifts Services 2,200,000.00 2,249,000.00 2.68 2.68 0.01 97.82

23 Electrical Services 9,391,000.00 7,224,000.00 11.46 8.59 2.86 130.00 Copper Wires Increased By 30% High High

24 Irrigation 35,000.00 26,000.00 0.04 0.03 0.01 134.62 High

25 Swimming Pool Equipment at Penthouse 80,000.00 100,000.00 0.10 0.12 (0.02) 80.00 Low

26 Builder's Works in Connection with M & E Services 247,000.00 223,000.00 0.30 0.27 0.04 110.76

27 Profit & Attendance on M & E Services 741,000.00 669,000.00 0.90 0.80 0.11 110.76

TOTAL 81,979,000.00 84,071,000.00 100.00 100.00

19



Comments by Consultant's QS

1) The cost of Item Ref 1 and 2 is higher compare to Cost Plan No.2 .

2) The distribution cost is higher for reinforced concrete frame and upper floor slabs by 3.36%. The price is higher by 15% each.

3) The cost of external and internal walls is higher due to increased price of bricks by 10%.

4) The cost of internal floor finishes of Acer is low as it costs 48.3% less, the distribution cost is also low as it is only 5.61% compared to Cost Plan No.2, which is 10.58%.

5) The cost of internal wall finishes is lower by 5.11%, the distribution cost is also low as it is only 0.33% compared to Cost plan 2, which is 6.27%.

6) The cost of staircase and external finishes is lower by 12.09% and 12.28% respectively.

7) Sanitry Fittings & Accessories' cost is higher by 57.9% which is very high. The distribution cost is also higher by 2.54%.

8) Cost of copper wires has increased by 30%, resulting in a higher cost for electrical service. The distribution is also higher by 2.86%.

9) The cost of irrigation is high, compared to cost plan 2, which is 34.62% lower.

10) Cost of swimming pool equipment is lower, by 20%.

20



Ref Description Acer Sdn Bhd Cost Plan No.2Comments

on Pricing

Ratio

over

Total

(Acer)

Ratio over

Total

(Cost Plan

No.2)

Difference

Comments

on

Distributio

n of Cost

X Y X-Y (X- a b a-b

RM RM RM % % % %

A Apartment 81,979,000.00 84,071,000.00 (2,092,000.00) (2.49) 71.84 68.19 3.65 High

B Carpark Block 12,981,150.00 14,978,250.00 (1,997,100.00) (13.33) Low 11.38 12.15 (0.77)

Sub-Total 94,960,150.00 99,049,250.00 (4,089,100.00) (4.13)

C External Works 8,059,000.00 10,059,000.00 (2,000,000.00) (19.88) Low 7.06 8.16 (1.10) Low

Sub-Total 103,019,150.00 109,108,250.00 (6,089,100.00) (5.58)

D Preliminaries, No.1 (3%) & No.2 (9%) 3,100,000.00 9,820,000.00 (6,720,000.00) (68.43) Low 2.72 7.96 (5.25) Low

E Contingency Sum, No.1 (8%) & No.2 (4%) 8,000,000.00 4,370,000.00 3,630,000.00 83.07 High 7.01 3.54 3.47 High

TOTAL 114,119,150.00 123,298,250.00 (9,179,100.00) 9.05 100.00 100.00

Difference compared to

Cost Plan No.2

21



Comments by Consultant's QS

1) The distribution of cost is higher than cost plan 2 by 3.65%.

2) Acer pricing on Carpark Block is low as it is 13.33% lower than cost plan 2.

3) Pricing of external works is low as Acer's price is lower than cost plan 2 by 19.88%. Distribution of cost is lower by 1.10%.

4) Preliminaries No.1 & No.2 is low as it is lower by 68.43%. Distribution of cost is lower by 5.25%.

5) Contigencies No.1 & No.2 is high as it is higher by 83.07%. Distribution of cost is higher by 3.37%.

22

building economics：tender report

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