MENYIASAT ALAM BAHANYear 4

MATERIALS AROUND YOU

-The Properties Of Materials-

Opaque, Translucent and Tranparent

Legap, Lutsinar dan Lutcahaya

NATURAL AND MAN MADE

BAHAN SEMULAJADI DAN BUATAN MANUSIA

NATURAL

MADE

MATERIALS

BAHAN

SEMULAJADI

MAN-MADE

MATERIALS

BAHAN

BUATAN

MANUSIA

MENYIASAT ALAM BAHANYear 5

I am a droplet of water.

Saya setitis air

Ouch! Where I am. Wow! It is big. Opss! Mmm cold and fresh. Where am I? Oh, I see, this is a seamy new place. I came from river.

Ouch! Di mana saya. Wow! Besarnya. Opss! Mmmsejuk dan segar. Di mana saya? Oh, saya tahu, saya di lauttempat baru untuk saya. Saya datang dari sungai.

Arghh! Hot, very hotOh no! Im moving up. What happen??? It is very hot. The sun makes me very hot. It evaporate me to the sky. Evaporation change me as a water vapour.

Arghh! Panasnya, sangat panas Tidak! Saya sedang bergerak ke atas. Apa dah jadi nih??? Sangat panas. Matahari membuatkan saya panas. Ia menyejat saya ke langit. Penyejatan menukarkan saya menjadi wap air.

Oh no! Im shivering. It cold now. The condensation process turn me into water droplet. Wow! There are many droplets like me. Hey! Lets join together. Lets form cloud. Ahhit is better now.

Oh no! Saya sedang menggigil. Ia sejuk sekarang. Proses kondensasi menukar saya menjadi titisan air. Wow! Banyaknya tiisan air macam saya. Hey! Jom bergabung. Jom bentuk awan. Ahhleganya dah jadi awan.

Opss! Im heavy now. Let me out. Ahh! Im out now as rain. Ouch! I fall down into the river again. My home sweet home. Yea!

Opss! Saya semakin berat sekarang. Saya nak keluar. Ahh! Saya dah keluar sebagai hujan sekarang. Ouch! Saya jatuh kembali kedalam sungai. Rumah saya yang dirindui. Yea!Fill in the missing letters.

Lengkapkan perkataan dengan huruf yang betul.

MENYIASAT ALAM BAHANYear 6

Properties of materials

Sifat bahan

Insulator

Penebat

Penebat

Float on water

Terapung atas air

Conduct electricity

Mengalirkan elektrik

Mengalirkan arus elektrik

metal

logam

Conduct heat

Mengalirkan haba

Sink in water

Tenggelam dalam air

Light to pass through

Cahaya boleh melaluinya

Cahaya melaluinya

Can be stretch

Boleh diregangkan

wood

kayu

stone

batu

rubber ring

gelang getah

glass

kaca

carbon

karbon

plastics

plastik

metal

logam

wood

kayu

1.1 The properties of materials

Sifat bahan

Applying knowledge properties of materials in everyday life

Aplikasi pengetahuan sifat bahan dalam kehidupan seharian

Suggest ways to keep things hot

Cadangan untuk menyimpan benda panas

Covered with insulators

Balut dengan bahan penebat

Suggest ways to keep things cold

Cadangan untuk menyimpan benda sejuk

hot thing

benda panas

cold thing

benda sejuk

to prevent heat loss

untuk menghalang kehilangan haba

prevent from absorbing heat

halang daripada serap haba

1.2 Applying knowledge properties of materials in everyday life

Aplikasi pengetahuan sifat bahan dalam kehidupan seharian

Uses of materials based on their properties

Penggunaan bahan berdasarkan kandungan

transparent

lutsinar

glass

kaca

glasses

gelas

soft

lembut

wood

kayu

tissue

tisu

hard

keras

metal

logam

spoon

sudu

properties

sifat

materials

bahan

object

objek

cheap

murah

easy to get

senang didapati

strength

kuat

good quality

kualiti baik

1.3 Synthesising the knowledge about uses of materials based on their properties

Sintesis pengetahuan mengenai penggunaan bahan berdasarkan kandungan

List of object and materials that they are made of

Senarai objek dan bahan yang dibuat daripada

Reason why particular materials are used

to make an object

Keterangan mengapa bahan tertentu digunakan untuk membuat objek

Natural materials

Bahan semulajadi

Bahan semulajadi

Man-made materials

Bahan buatan

Bahan buatan

wood

kayu

metal

logam

rubber

getah

cotton

kapas

plastics

plastik

synthetic cloth

kain sintetik

glass

kaca

State that man-made materials comes from natural materials

Nyatakan bahan buatan berasal dari bahan semulajadi

reducing

mengurangkan

reusing

guna semula

recycling

kitar semula

public transport

pengangkutan awam

plastic bag

beg plastik

bottle

botol

plastics

plastik

glass

kaca

The importance of reuse, reduce and recycle of materials

Kepentingan guna semula, pengurangan dan kitar semula bahan

Kepentingan guna semula, pengurangan dan kitar semula bahan

1.4 Knowing the importance of reuse, reduce and recycle

Memahami kepentingan guna semula, pengurangan dan kitar semula bahan

Rusting can be prevented

Pengaratan boleh dicegah

Different ways to prevent objects from rusting

Cara berbeza untuk menghalang objek daripada berkarat

Coating with non rusting materials

Menyadurkan dengan bahan tidak berkarat

*paint

cat

*oil

minyak

*grease

gris

The necessary to prevent rusting

Keperluan mencegah pengaratan

*Everlasting Live

Tahan lebih lama

*Save natural material

Selamatkan bahan asal

*Save cost

Jimat kos

*Looking good

Mencantikkan

*Conclusion; Rusting can be avoided by preventing iron contact with air and water.

* Kesimpulan;Pengaratan boleh dihindarkan dengan menghalang ia bertindak balas

dengan air dan udara

1.5 Understanding that some materials can rust

Memahami sesetengah bahan boleh perkarat

Rusting can be prevented

Pengaratan boleh dicegah

Rusty objects

Objek berkarat

Non rusty objects

Objek tidak berkarat

Object made of iron and steel

Objek yang diperbuat daripada besi

dan keluli

Object made of glass, plastic, wood, clay and silk

Objek yang diperbuat daripada kaca,plastik, kayu, tanah liat dan sutera

*Nail

Paku

*Spoon

Sudu

*Knife

Pisau

*Needle

Jarum

*Glass

Kaca

*Bottle

Botol

*Cup

Cawan

*Pencil

Pensil

1.6 Understanding the rusting can be prevented

Memahami pengaratan boleh dicegah

MATERIALS

WOOD

RUBBER

PLASTIC

GLASS

METAL

COTTON

-Conducts electricity

-Conducts heat

-Conductor

-Allow light to pass through them

-Insulator

-Can absorbs water

-Insulator

-Can be stretched

-Insulator

-Insulator

-Floats on water

-Insulator

-Boleh diregang

-Penebat

-Penebat

-Terapung di atas air

-Penebat

-Boleh menyerap air

-Penebat

-Mengalirkan elektrik

-Mengalirkan haba

-Konduktor

Membenarkan cahaya menembusinya

-Penebat

Unit 5/Lesson 1,2, and 3

Materials

Wood Door

(opaque)

I cant see you.

Saya tak nampak awak.

I can see you but not clear.

Saya nampak awak tapi kurang jelas.

Glass Door

(Translucent)

I can see you clearly.

Saya nampak awak dengan jelas.

Clear glass Door

(Transparent)

Unit 5/Lesson 4

Fantastic materials

METAL

LOGAM

RUBBER

GETAH

GLASS

KACA

COTTON

KAPAS

SILK

SUTERA

CLAY

TANAH

LIAT

LEATHER

KULIT

FUR

BULU

WOOD

KAYU

SYNTHETC

CLOTH

KAIN

SINTETIK

RAYON

RAYON

NYLON

NILON

PLASTIC

PLASTIK

Solid

Pepejal

Liquid

Cecair

gas

has mass

mempunyai

berat

Properties of solid

Sifat-sifat pepejal

Properties of liquid

Sifat sifat cecair

Properties of gas

Sifat-sifat gas

fixed volume

isipadu tetap

fixed shape

bentuk tetap

has mass

mempunyai

berat

Examples

Contoh

Water

Air

Milk

Susu

Air

Udara

no permanent shape

bentuk tidak tetap

fixed volume

isipadu tetap

Steam

wap

Wood

Kayu

Stone

batu

can't fixed shape

Tidak mempunyai

bentuk tetap

has mass

Mempunyai berat

Can't fixed

volume

Isipadu tidak

tetap

can compressed

boleh dimampatkan

1.1 Matter exist in the form of solid, liquid or gas

Bahan wujud dalam bentuk pepejal,cecair atau gas

Matter

Bahan

CHANGING

STATES OF

WATER

Perubahan

Bentuk

Air

gas liquid

gas - cecair

liquid gas

cecair - gas

liquid gas

Cecair - gas

solid liquid

Pepejal - cecair

Melting

Peleburan

Boiling

Pendidihan

Evaporation

Penyejatan

Condensation

Kondensasi

Freezing

Pembekuan

1.2 Understanding that matter can change from one state to another

Memahami bahawa benda boleh berubah bentuk dari satu ke bentuk yang lain

The water cycle.

Kitaran air

Circulation of water in

the environment.

Kitaran air dalam persekitaran

Formation of clouds

and rain.

Pembentukan awan dan hujan

Importance of water

Kepentingan air.

Changes in the states of

matter in the water cycle

Perubahan bentuk bahan dalam kitaran air

Liquid to gas (evaporation)

Cecair kepada gas ( Penyejatan )

Droplets of water will become bigger and heavier rain

Titisan air menjadi besar dan berat hujan

Evaporation

Penyejatan

Condensation

Kondensasi

Gas liquid (Condensation)

Gas Cecair ( Kondensasi )

1.3 Understanding the water cycle

Memahami kitaran air

Importance of water resources.

Kepentingan sumber air

To prevent living aquatic from being

destroyed and undergoing extinction

Untuk mengelakkan hidupan air musnah dan mengalami kepupusan

Reasons to keep our

water resources clean.

Sebab untuk mengekalkan

sumber air yang bersih

To ensure the cleanliness

of water supply

Memastikan air yang bersih dibekalkan

To regulate

the formation of

clouds and rain

Untuk mengekalkan

pembentukan

awan dan hujan

To avoid infected

diseases

Mengelakkan penyakit berjangkit

Ways to keep our water

resources clean

Cara mengekalkan sumber air bersih

Keep the rivers clean

Jadikan sungai besih

Cleanliness campaign

Kempen kebersihan

1.4 Appreciating the importance of water resources

Menghargai kepentingan sumber air

The properties of acid,

alkaline and neutral substances.

Ciri-ciri asid , alkali dan bahan nutral

Identify the taste of acidic and alkaline food.

Mengenal pasti rasa makanan yang berasid dan berakali

Identify acidic, alkaline and neutral substances using litmus paper.

Mengenal pasti keasidan,alkali dan nutral bahan menggunakan kertas litmus

Conclude the properties of acidic, alkaline and neutral substances.

Kesimpulan ciri-ciri bahan asid, alkali dan neutral .

Changes in colour of litmus papers

Menukarkan warna kertas litmus

blue to red

biru ke merah

red to blue

merah ke biru

no change

tidak berubah

Bitter

Pahit

Sour

masam

Properties of alkali

Ciri-ciri alkali

Properties of acid

Ciri-ciri asid

Properties of

neutral substances

Ciri-ciri bahan neutral

Taste bitter & change red litmus paper to blue

Rasa pahit dan menukarkan

Kertas litmus merah kepada biru

Taste sour & change blue litmus paper red

Rasa masam dan menukarkan

kertas litmus merah

Other tastes no changes in litmus paper

Tidak menukarkan warna kertas litmus

Acid

asid

Alkaline alkali

neutral

neutral

2.1 Understanding the properties of acidic, alkaline and neutral substances

Memahami sifat asid, alkali dan bahan neutral

STATE OF MATTER

KEADAAN BAHAN

Abu feels like to drink cold water. He need some ice cubes. He put water in the freezer. Freezing turn solid to solid.

Abu ingin minum air sejuk. Dia perlukan ais batu. Dia masukkan air ke dalam peti sejuk. Proses pembekuan menukarkan cecair kepada pepejal.

Solid

Liquid

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Ali is eating an ice cream. After a while, the ice cream melt. Melting process changes solid to liquid.

Ali sedang makan ais krim. Selepas beberapa ketika, ais krim itu menjadi cair. Proses pencairan menukarkan pepejal kepada cecair.

Ah Seng forget to drink his ice lemon tea because his mother as him to go to the shop. When he went back, he saw many water droplets on the glass. Condensation turn gas to liquid.

Ah Seng terlupa untuk minum airnya kerana ibunya menyuruhnya ke kedai. Setelah pulan, dia dapati banyak titisan air di luar gelas. Kondensasi menukarkan gas kepada cecair.

Upins mother wants to boil some water. She knows that the water is boiling because it produces steam or water vapour. Boiling changes liquid to gas.

Ibu Upin ingin menjerang air. Dia tahu bahawa air itu sudah mendidih kerana terhasilnya wap air atau stim. Pendidihan menukarkan cecair kepada gas.

Ipins mother hangs clothe on the cloth line. After a while, the cloth dries. This is because evaporation process occurs. Evaporation turn liquid to gas.

Ibu Upin menjemur kain di ampaian.

E _ a _ _ _ a _ _ _ n

C _ _ d _ _s _ _ i o _

S __ _

R _ v _ _

C _ _ _ _

FOOD PRESERVATION

Pengawetan makanan

Food spoilage

Kerosakan makanan

Characteristics of spoilt food

Ciri-ciri makanan yang rosak

The conditions for microorganisms to grow

Keadaan untuk mikroorganisma membesar

Unpleasant smell

Bau tidak menyenangkan

Unpleasant taste

Rasa tidak menyenangkan

Changed colour

Berubah warna

Changed texture

Berubah jalinan

Mouldy

Berkulat

Air

Udara

Water

Air

Nutrients

Zat makanan

Suitable temperature

Suhu yang sesuai

Suitable acidity

Keadaan asid yang sesuai

1.1 Understanding food spoilage

Memahami kerosakan makanan

Food Preservation

Pengawetan makanan

Drying

Pengeringan

Fish, prawns, cuttlefish, fruits

Ikan, udang, sotong, buah

Boiling

Pemanasan

Cooling

Pendinginan

Vacuum packing

Pembukusan vakum

Pickling

Penjerukan

Freezing

Penyejukbekuan

Bottling/Canning

Pembotolan/pengetinan

Pasteurising

Pempausteran

Salting

Pengasinan

Smoking

Pengasapan

Waxing

Pelilinan

Vegetables, fruits

Sayur, buah

Nuts, crackers, powder milk

Kacang, biskut, susu tepung

Fruits, vegetables

Buah, sayur

Chicken, meat, prawns, cuttlefish

Ayam, daging, udang, sotong

Meat, fish, fruits, vegetables

Daging, ikan, buah, sayur

Milk, juices, ice cream

Susu, jus, ais krim

Fish, meat, eggs, vegetables, fruits

Ikan, daging, telur, sayur, buah

Vegetables, fruits

Sayur, buah

Meat, fish

Daging, ikan

1.2 Synthesising the concept of food preservation

Sintesis konsep pengawetan makanan

The importance of preserving food

Kepentingan pengawetan makanan

1.3 Realising the importance of preserving food

Menyedari kepentingan pengawetan makanan

Food Preservation

Pengawetan makanan

To make last longer

Tahan lebih lama

To make food easily to store

Makanan lebih mudah disimpan

To reduce wastage food

Mengurangkan makanan terbuang

Waste Management

Pegurusan bahan buangan

Plastics, glass, chemical waste, organic waste, metal

Plastik, kaca, sisa kimia, sisa organik, logam

Homes, factories, agriculture, motor vehicles

Rumah, kilang, pertanian, kenderaan bermotor

Proper

Betul

Improper

Tidak betul

2.1 Understanding the effects of improper disposal of waste on the environment

Memahami kesan kesalahan mengurus pembuangan bahan buangan kepada

persekitaran

Types of waste

Jenis bahan buangan

Sources of waste

Sumber bahan buangan

Ways of disposing waste

Cara buang bahan buangan

Dispose of waste in the right place

Buang bahan buangan di tempat yang betul

Treat waste before disposing it into the drain

Rawat bahan buangan sebelum ia mengalir keluar

Bury waste that can decay in soil

Bakar bahan buangan yang boleh reput dalam tanah

Reuse of recycle waste

Guna semula bahan kitar semula

Littering

Tidak teratur

Open burning

Pembakaran terbuka

Release of waste into the rivers

Melepaskan bahan buangan ke dalam sungai

Release of smoke into the air

Melepaskan asap ke udara

Air pollution

Pencemaran udara

Water pollution

Pencemaran air

Sickness & diseases

Kesakitan & penyakit

Damages our lungs, initiates our eyes

Merosakkan paru-paru.tidak elok dipandang

Thypoid, dengue fever

demam denggi

Acid rain

Hujan asid

Flash floods

Banjir kilat

Can kill plants and erode building

Boleh membunuh tumbuhan dan menghakis bangunan

Damage property

Merosakkan harta

Can kill fish and water plants

Boleh membunuh ikan dan tumbuhan laut

2.1 Understanding the effects of improper disposal of waste on the environment

Memahami kesan kesalahan mengurus pembuangan bahan buangan kepada

persekitaran

Harmful effects of improper

disposal of waste

Kesan buruk daripada pembuangan

bahan buangan yang tidak betul

Waste that can decay

Bahan buangan yang boleh reput

Waste that does not decay

Bahan buangan yang

tidak boleh reput

Food, paper, wood

Makanan, surat khabar, kayu

Plastics, glass, metal

Plastik, gelas, logam

2.1 Understanding the effects of improper disposal of waste on the environment

Memahami kesan kesalahan mengurus pembuangan bahan buangan kepada

persekitaran

Advantage :

To make the soil fertiile

Kelebihan :

Untuk menyburkan tanah

Disadvantage :

Gives out poisonous gases

Kelemahan :

Mengeluarkan gas beracun