sumbangan sejarah islam terhadap pembangunan dan kecemerlangan malaysia

8/18/2019 Sumbangan Sejarah Islam Terhadap Pembangunan Dan Kecemerlangan Malaysia

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SUMBANGAN SEJARAH ISLAM TERHADAP PEMBANGUNAN DAN

KECEMERLANGAN MALAYSIA

1.0 PENGENALAN

Menurut Mohd L! Ah"#d $%00&'( t#)*t#) t#"#dun ut#"# dun# "enn++#,!#n

-e/#n*-e/#n /u"#n+#n !e #t#/ t#"#dun*t#"#dun ,#n #n+ /e#"#n den+#nn#. A)#,# /u"#n+#n /e/u#tu t#"#dun ut#"# tu er2## "e,e)#/ /e")#d#n

#"#nn#( /ert# d#)#t dter"# /e#+# /u"#n+#n #n+ er/3#t /e2#+#t o,eh

t#"#dun ,#n( "#!# #/)re/#/ !e #t#/ /u"#n+#n tu "en2#d ,eh ron/ d#n

er"#!n#. Be+tu 2u+# h#,n# den+#n t#"#dun I/,#" d#,#" "e")e+#ruh

)er!e"#n+#n d ne+#r# M#,#/# /e2#! d#r #"#n Ke/u,t#n#n Me,#u Me,#!#

/ehn++# !e h#r n.

Terd#)#t )e,#+# teor #n+ d!#t!#n den+#n )er!e"#n+#n !et#"#dun#n I/,#" d

M#,#/#( #nt#r#n# #d#,#h teor !ed#t#n+#n d#r Ar#( Chn# d#n Ind#. Pen+u#/##n

)ed#+#n+#n d#r Ar# te,#h #n+ te,#h "e"ono)o, )erd#+#n+#n d r#nt#u Ind#( Me/r

d#n A/# Ten++#r# ert#n++un+2#4# !e #t#/ )ene#r#n I/,#" d A,#" Me,#u d#n

A/#. Rentet#n d#r)#d# tu( er,#!u,#h )ro/e/ #/",#/( #!u,tur#/( d#n #!o"od#/ d

M#,#/#. J#d( )enu,/#n !#, n #!#n "e"n-#n+!#n "en+en# /u"#n+#n*

/u"#n+#n Se2#r#h I/,#" terh#d#) )e"#n+un#n d#n !e-e"er,#n+#n M#,#/#.

Td#! dn#3!#n #h#4# )en+#ruh Se2#r#h I/,#" te,#h "e"#4# #n#! )eru#h#n

d#n !e/#n !e)#d# -or#! )e"!r#n d#n /o/o*ud## "#/#r#!#t d M#,#/#. M/#,n#

#+#"# I/,#" te,#h "e"#4# #n#! #2#r#n d#n t#"#dun #n+ ,eh tn++ d#n

,en+!#)( ,eh r#/on#, d#n ,o+! /ert# ,eh "ud#h dter"# o,eh "#/#r#!#t M#,#/#.

Ber)#ndu!#n !e)#d# !on/e) r#/on#,/"e n,#h( "#/#r#!#t M#,#/# den+#n /endr

"eno,#! !e)er-###n t#hu, d#n 3#h#"#n #n"/"e $Adu,,#h I/h#!( 155%'.Penu,/#n n #!#n "e"n-#n+!#n eer#)# /u"#n+#n #n+ d#4# o,eh Se2#r#h

I/,#" /e)ert d#r #/)e! I/,#" /e#+# #+#"# r#/" Per/e!utu#n( I/,#" "en++#,#!!#n

ud## ,"u( Se2#r#h I/,#" d#,#" "e")en+#ruh )e"!r#n "#/#r#!#t( )ener#)#n

n,#*n,# I/,#" d#,#" "#/#r#!#t( )e"entu!#n "#/#r#!#t M#d#n( I/,#" H#dh#r

d#n !on/e) !e/ederh#n##n $4#/#t#h'. Su"#n+#n /et#) Se2#r#h I/,#" n #!#n

d/ert#!#n den+#n -ontoh*-ontoh #n+ d#)#t d2#d!#n /e#+# u!t.

%.0 SUMBANGAN SEJARAH ISLAM TERHADAP PEMBANGUNAN DAN

KECEMERLANGAN MALAYSIA

%.1 A+#"# I/,#" Se#+# A+#"# R#/" Per/e!utu#n

1


2/12

Pert#"#( /u"#n+#n Se2#r#h I/,#" terh#d#) )e"#n+un#n d#n !e-e"er,#n+#n

M#,#/# #,#h #+#"# I/,#" /e#+# #+#"# r#/" Per/e!utu#n. Menurut S#e,n Ar3

et.#, $%006'( #+#"# I/,#" "e"#n!#n )er#n#n )entn+ d#,#" !e,#n+/un+#n t#"#dun

Me,#u /e#+# #/#/ T#"#dun M#,#/#. Se2#! #"#n /e2#r#h /ehn++# !n( t#"#dun

Me,#u te,#h d"#nt#)!#n o,eh #+#"# I/,#". Se2#r#h te,#h "e"u!t!#n #h#4#

#+#"# I/,#" te,#h d/th#r!#n /e#+# #+#"# r#/" d Me,#!# )#d# /u#tu !et!#d#hu,u. Sehuun+#n tu( eer#)# n/ttu/ I/,#" ddr!#n #+ "e"#ntu

"en+u!uh!#n //te" )ent#dr#n er#/#/!#n I/,#". Contohn#( J##t#n A+#"# d#n

S#r#h. Berd#/#r!#n #+#"# I/,#" 2u+#( Und#n+*Und#n+ L#ut d#n Hu!u" K#nun

Me,#!# dh#/,!#n. Beer#)# 2#4#t#n /e)ert !#d( "#" d#n /e#+#n# d4u2ud!#n

#+ "e,#!/#n#!#n )er#tur#n*)er#tur#n #n+ dtet#)!#n.

A+#"# I/,#" /e#+# #/#/ )e"n##n t#"#dun d M#,#/# turut "er#n+!u" /e"u#

#/)e! !ehdu)#n. I/,#" u!#n /et#!#t u)#-#r# #d#t )e"u2##n Tuh#n d "#/2d d#n

te")#t*te")#t !hu/u/ )#d# "#/#*"#/# tertentu /#h#2#. Se#,!n# I/,#" "en+#tur

/e+#,# #/)e! !ehdu)#n "#nu/# d#n "e"#ndu "#nu/# !e #r#h )e"entu!#n

nd7du "u/," "e,#,u #/)e!*#/)e! /e)ert !e)er-###n( )er#d#t#n( )e"entu!#n

#!h,#!( "u#"#,#t( "u#/##r#t( "un#!#h#t d#n 2en##h $H#/h" Mu/#( %008'. Den+#n

#d#n# )en+h##t#n #2#r#n I/,#" d#,#" !ehdu)#n "#/#r#!#t #!#n d#)#t "e"#ntu

!e,#n+/un+#n t#"#dun Me,#u #n+ er-or#! t#"#dun Me,#u*I/,#".

I")#!n#( #+#"# I/,#" te,#h der!#n !edudu!#n #n+ /t"e4# d#,#"

Per,e"#+##n Per/e!utu#n er#ndn+ #+#"#*#+#"# #n+ ,#n. Kedudu!#n I/,#"

#n+ /t"e4# n td#! h#ru/ d)ert!#!#n "e"#nd#n+!#n )eruntu!#n "en+en#n#

dtun2#n+ o,eh Per,e"#+##n. Per,e"#+##n Per/e!utu#n tu )u,# #d#,#h h#/,

!o")ro" d#n )er"u#3#!#t#n er/#"# )e"")n*)e"")n ne+#r# d#n "#/#r#!#t

#n+ terdr d#r )e,#+# !#u" d#n #+#"# /e"#/# Per/e!utu#n T#n#h Me,#u"en-#)# !e"erde!##nn# )#d# t#hun 159:. Ken#t##n )en+#ruh I/,#" terh#d#)

M#,#/# 2e,#/ ter"#!tu d#,#" Per,e"#+##n Per/e!utu#n( B#h#+#n 1( Per!#r# &;


3/12

)ent#dr#n hu!u" /#r#h I/,#" tet#) d#,#" d#n+ !u#/# #n+ terh#d. ?#,#u)un

#+#"# I/,#" #d#,#h #+#"# Per/e!utu#n( n#"un #+#"#*#+#"# ,#n e#/ d#"#,!#n

o,eh or#n+*or#n+ u!#n Me,#u d#n u!#n I/,#" d#,#" Per/e!utu#n. A+#"# I/,#"

er2## "en#tu)#du!#n "#/#r#!#t Me,#u d#n den+#n !e!u#t#n #n+ #d# )#d#

"#/#r#!#t Me,#u( )er#n#n #+#"# I/,#" #"#t )entn+ d#,#" !e,#n+/un+#n t#"#dun

Me,#u. H#/, d#r)#d# )ene#r#n #+#"# er,#!u,#h 2u+# )ene#r#n ,"u d ne+#r#!t#( td#! !r# ,"u #+#"# #t#u)un ,"u )endd!#n.

%.% Bud## I,"u

Menurut S#"r S#nuddn $%00&'( "#/#r#!#t #n+ er,"u #,#h "#/#r#!#t #n+

er2## "e"n# ne+#r# !e #r#h ne+#r# #n+ ,eh "#2u( -#n++h( d#n /#"# t#r#3

den+#n ne+#r#*ne+#r# "#2u #n+ ,#n "e"er,u!#n )er4u2ud#n /#tu "#/#r#!#t #n+

er,"u tn++ d#,#" /e"u# d#n+. D#,#" !onte!/ n 2e,#/ #h#4# )ene!#n#n !e)#d#

!on/e) er,"u n #d#,#h /e,#r#/ den+#n #2#r#n #+#"# I/,#" #n+ "en+!ehend#!

"#nu/# /ent#/# er3!r d#n e,#2#r. B#+ I/,#" "enuntut ,"u #d#,#h /#tu )ro/e/

/e)#n2#n+ h##t. G#,#!#n I/,#" d#,#" "enuntut ,"u ertu2u#n untu! "enn++!#n

d#r2#t "#nu/#. >,eh tu( !t# #!#n "e,h#t /u"#n+#n /e2#r#h I/,#" terh#d#)

)e"#n+un#n d#n !e-e"er,#n+#n d#,#" #/)e! ud## ,"u.

Bud## ,"u er"#!/ud !e4u2ud#n /u#tu !e#d##n d "#n# /et#) ,#)/#n "#/#r#!#t

"e,#t!#n dr( #! /e-#r# ,#n+/un+ "#hu)un td#! ,#n+/un+ den+#n !e+#t#n*

!e+#t#n !e,"u#n d /et#) !e/e")#t#n( d#n !e#d##n d "#n# /e+#,# tnd#!#n

"#nu/#( #! d t#h#) nd7du( #)#t#h ,#+ d )ern+!#t "#/#r#!#t( d)utu/!#n d#n

d,#!/#n#!#n erd#/#r!#n ,"u )en+et#hu#n. D#,#" ud## n( ,"u d#n++#) /e#+#

/u#tu !eut#"##n tertn++ d#,#" //te" n,# )er#d d#n "#/#r#!#t d /et#))ern+!#t $?#n Mohd Nor ?#n D#ud(155%'. Se,#r#/ den+#n !e)entn+#nn#( I/,#"

"eru)#!#n #+#"# #n+ /#n+#t "e"entn+!#n d#n "ent!er#t!#n u"#tn# #+#r

"enuntut ,"u. Per!#r# n #"#t 2e,#/ #)#,# #,*@ur#n /endr "e"#n!#n )er#n#n

)entn+ d#,#" )e"n##n t#"#dun I/,#" #+#r u"#tn# teru/ "ene,d! /e/u#tu

)er!#r#. H#, n du!t!#n d d#,#" 4#hu #n+ )ert#"# dturun!#n !e)#d# N#

Muh#""#d d#,#" /ur#h #,*A,# ##t 1*9 $#,*A,# 56; 1*9' #n+ er"#!/ud;


4/12

d#n !h##,#n untu! "enu2u !e /e/u#tu #n+ erentu! re#,/t!. Sete,#h #d#n#

)en+#ruh I/,#"( !e+#t#n #+#"#( ,"u d#n )endd!#n I/,#" du/#h#!#n /e-#r#

er/un++uh*/un++uh o,eh )#r# u,#"# d#n )#r# )end#!4#h. P#d# !et!# tu( /e,uruh

"#/#r#!#t ter"#/u! +o,on+#n /t#n# /ert# r#!#t 2e,#t# dded#h!#n den+#n ,"u

)en+et#hu#n I/,#". J#d /e-#r# ,#n+/un+ #t#u td#! ,#n+/un+ te,#h "en+u#h

)#nd#n+#n d#n t#n++#)#n "#/#r#!#t terh#d#) )e+#n+#n #+#"#( !eud###n d#n,"u )en+et#hu#n.

Contohn#( I/,#" te,#h "e"#4# tr#n/3or"#/ d#,#" //te" )endd!#n. S/te"

)endd!#n #n+ er"u,# d /t#n# "u,# er#,h !e)#d# n/ttu/ )endd!#n /,#"

/e)ert )ondo! d#n "#dr#/#h. Tr#d/ !e,"u#n #n+ dte!#n!#n o,eh I/,#"

"en+e"#n+!#n )u,# tr#d/ )endd!#n d#n )en+#2#r#n /e-#r# ,eh ter/u/un.

Doron+#n e,#2#r er"u,# den+#n )en+#2#r#n "e"#-# #,*@ur#n d#n !t#*!t#.

Go,on+#n )e"ernt#h d#n )e"e/#r*)e"e/#r er)er#n#n )entn+ d#,#"

"en+e"#n+!#n ,"u )en+et#hu#n. I")#!n#( ,#hr,#h )#r# -end#!#4#n d#n u,#"#*u,#"# Me,#u #n+ "en2#d )e+#4#*)e+#4# )e"ernt#h( +uru*+uru d#n #h, u,#"#.

Ant#r# to!oh*to!oh Me,#u #n+ ter!en#, #,#h Se!h Adu, M#,! Adu,,#h( She!h

?#n H#/#n ?#n I/h#! d#n r#"# ,#+ $H#/h" Mu/#( %008'. To!oh*to!oh n te,#h

#n#! "enu"#n+ !e #r#h )er!e"#n+#n ,"u )en+et#hu#n d M#,#/#.

Se,#n tu( turut 4u2ud 2u+# !e/e"#n+#n #nt#r# ,"u #+#"# d#n dun# d#,#"

!ur!u,u" )endd!#n d#,#" I/,#". Rentet#n tu( 4u2ud,#h d#/#r*d#/#r )endd!#n d#n

n/ttu/ )er!e"#n+#n ,"u d M#,#/# /ehn++# !n. Contohn#( d M#,#/# /e2#r#h

)endd!#nn# "e,#,u )ro/e/ #n+ #+#! )#n2#n+ #tu /#tu )ro/e/ )e"n##n ne+#r#

#n+/# /e2#! "erde!# ,#+. E7o,u/ )endd!#n te,#h "e,#,u ,"# 3#/# #tu #"#n Pr#

Merde!# $/ee,u" 159:'( #"#n P#/-# Merde!# 5159:*15:0'( #"#n D#/#r E!ono"B#ru 515:1*1550'( #"#n D#/#r Pe"#n+un#n Ne+#r# $1551*%000' d#n #"#n

D#/#r ?#4#/#n %0%0 $%001*%010'.

Pen+en#,#n !ur!u,u" /e)ert Pendd!#n I/,#" !e)#d# "urd I/,#" d#n Pendd!#n

Mor#, !e)#d# u!#n I/,#" turut d)er!en#,!#n d /e!o,#h. Bu!#n tu /#h#2#( 4u2ud

/e!o,#h*/e!o,#h d#n n/ttu/ )en+#2#n tn++ #n+ "en#4#r!#n d#n "e")er!en#,!#n

!ur!u,u" I/,#". Contohn#( 4u2ud /e!o,#h #+#"# #n+ "en++#,#!!#n )e,#2#r*)e,#2#r

#n+ n+n "end#,#" "#t# )e,#2#r#n ,"u #+#"#. In/ttu/ Pen+#2#n Tn++ A4#"

$IPTA' /e)ert Un7er/t I/,#" Ant#r##n+/# /endr te,#h "en2#d )u/#t )er!e"#n+#n

,"u #+#"# !e)#d# "#h#//4# d#n "#h#//4 d#r d#,#" d#n ,u#r ne+#r#.

Ke/")u,#nn#( I/,#" /#n+#t "e"entn+!#n ud## ,"u. B#n#! )er/o#,#n d#)#t

dn-#n+!#n d#,#" )er!#r#*)er!#r# #n+ "e")un# huun+ !#t den+#n ,"u. Ant#r#

#n+ )entn+ #,#h "e,#,u ,"u )en+et#hu#n( "#nu/# "e")ero,eh !e/e2#hter##n

/#"# #d# d dun# "#hu)un d #!hr#t. Me,#,u ,"u "#nu/# "en2#d !h#,3#h A,,#h d

dun# den+#n #! d#)#t "ent#dr !ehdu)#n /eh#r#nn# den+#n ,eh ter/u/un d#n

/e")urn#. Per!#r#*)er!#r# #n+ td#! #! "enurut #+#"# d#n #!#,( d#)#t dhnd#r

4


5/12

#)#,# "#nu/# o,eh "en,#n# den+#n ,"u #n+ #d# d#,#" drn#. Ju/teru tu(

"enuntut d#n "e")e,#2#r ,"u "eru)#!#n !e"e/t#n d d#,#" dr /et#) nd7du

er+e,#r "#nu/#.

%.& Pe"!r#n M#/#r#!#t

Bu!#n tu /#h#2#( /e2#r#h I/,#" turut "e"#4# )eru#h#n #n+ e/#r d#n !et#r#

d#,#" "en+u#h !e)er-###n d#n -or#! )e"!r#n "#/#r#!#t d M#,#/#. Pen+#ruh

I/,#" te,#h "e"#4# un/ur*un/ur #n+ r#/on#,( ,eh nte,e!tu#, d#n er/3#t ,o+!.

Kt# d#2#r /u)## "e")er-## Tuh#n #tu A,,#h Y#n+ M#h# E/#. Se-#r# ,o+!n#(

dun# n td#! o,eh d)")n d#n d)ernt#h o,eh #n#! Tuh#n. J#d( "e,#,u

)e+#n+#n #+#"# d#n #,*@ur#n te,#h "enet#)!#n #+#r "e")er-## /#tu Tuh#n

/#h#2#. Se!r#n# dun# n d)")n o,eh #n#! tuh#n /ud#h )#/t,#h dun# #!#n

"en2#d huru*h#r# d#n er,#!u )er-#n++#h#n )end#)#t d#n )ernt#h d#,#" !#,#n+#n

Tuh#n #n+ #n#! tu. >,eh #n+ de"!#n( "e"#n+ ,o+! d#n en#r,#h #h#4#

Tuh#n h#n# /#tu #tu A,,#h S.?.T. Y#n+ M#h# Ber!u#/#.

P#nd#n+#n /ert# 3#,/#3#h )e"!r#n "#/#r#!#t )#d# /u#tu !et!# d#hu,u turut

eru#h /ete,#h "ere!# "ener"# #2#r#n I/,#". Se#+# -ontoh( I/,#" "enuruh

u"#tn# /u)## eru/#h# er/un++uh*/un++uh "en-#r ree! #n+ h#,#, #+#r

d/en#n+ d#n dhor"#t o,eh /e"u# or#n+. J!# +#+#, /e!#,)un( I/,#" "enuruh

u"#tn# #+#r t##h d#n /##r /ert# "en+h#r+# n#4# #n+ der!#n o,eh A,,#h

S.?.T. d#n redh# den+#n !etentu#n*N#( u!#nn# er)utu/ #/# d#n "e"unuh dr.

I/,#" 2u+# "en+#r#h!#n "#nu/# /u)## hdu) /e-#r# #"#n d#n h#r"on /ert#

"e4u2ud!#n )er)#du#n. M#/#r#!#t dentu! den+#n /3#t d#n r#/# t#n++un+2#4#

/ert# /#,n+ #ntu*"e"#ntu #nt#r# /#tu /#"# ,#n( /3#t #t#u #!h,#! #n+ "u,# #"#tdte!#n!#n o,eh I/,#".

Mere!# 2u+# dtu)!#n den+#n /e"#n+#t !er2#/#"# d#n )er)#du#n den+#n

"en+#n++#) #h#4# /e,uruh u"#t I/,#" #d#,#h /#tu #n++ot#. A!#t d#r)#d#

/e"#n+#t ter/eut( "un-u, !on/e)/ #h#4# /e,uruh u"#t I/,#" d dun# n #d#,#h

er/#ud#r#. Me,#,u /!#) n 2u+# )er/t4# ht#" /e)ert 1& Me 156& d#)#t de,#!!#n

d#n dhnd#r /e!#, ,#+. Den+#n -#r# tu terentu!,#h "#/#r#!#t #n+ er/#tu )#du

d#n "e")un# huun+#n #n+ er#t( 4#,#u)un "#/#r#!#t ter/eut terdr d#r

)e,#+# #n+/# d#n !eturun#n. Se-#r# td#! ,#n+/un+( #)#,# huun+#n "#/#r#!#t

/ud#h !u!uh t#, )er/#ud#r##nn#( tentun# ne+#r# "ere!# "en2#d !u#t d#n /t#,

/ert# d#)#t "e")ert#h#n!#n dr d#r)#d# +#n++u#n d#n #n-#"#n #n#/r*#n#/r ,u#r.Je,#/,#h #h#4# #2#r#n #,*@ur#n "e"#n!#n )er#n#n )entn+ d#,#" )e"entu!#n

/!#) "#/#r#!#t d M#,#/#.

%.8 Pener#)#n N,#*n,# I/,#"

5


6/12

Pe"#n+un#n I/,#" d#,#" t#hun 15:0*#n 2u+# d!#t!#n den+#n !e"#,n# D#to Ser

Dr. M#h#thr Moh#""#d $!n er+e,#r Tun' !e #ru/ )erd#n# )o,t! M#,#/#. D #4#h

!e)")n#n Tun( !er#2##n M#,#/# d,h#t #n#! "eno!on+ d#/#r*d#/#r er!#t#n

)e"#n+un#n I/,#". Sete,#h Tun Dr. M#h#thr !e"#, #!t3 d#,#" )o,t!( e,#u te,#h

d,#nt! /e#+# Menter Pe,#2#r#n )#d# t#hun 15:8. D#,#" t#hun 15:6( e,#u d,#nt!

/e#+# T"#,#n Perd#n# Menter d#n ,"# t#hun !e"ud#n /e#+# Perd#n# Mentero,eh Tun Adu, R##!( Perd#n# Menter )#d# !et!# tu.

Ke/un++uh#n Tun Dr. M#h#thr terh#d#) )e,#!/#n##n I/,#" "ener,#h /ete,#h e,#u

"en2#d Perd#n# Menter. D#,#" t#hun )ert#"# )e,#nt!#nn#( #tu )#d# t#hun 151(

!er#2##nn# te,#h "en+u"u"!#n )en+#n2ur#n /e"n#r e/#r ert#2u!


7/12

d)o)u,#r!#n o,eh D#to Ser An4#r( "en2#d 4#-#n# #!#de"! d#,#" u/#h#

"e"entu! "#/#r#!#t /7, #n+ ert#n++un+2#4# #+ "e")ertn+!#t #!#unt#,t

!er#2##n erd#/#r!#n !er#n+!# $3r#"e4or!' et!# d#n n,#*n,# I/,#" $Sh#hr#h

M#h"ood( %006'.

%.9 M#/#r#!#t M#d#n

Menurut Nore/#h B#h#ro" et. #, $%010'( "#/#r#!#t "#d#n #,#h "#/#r#!#t #n+

"#2u d#r /e+ )e"!r#n( !eroh#n#n dn !eend##n. S,o+#n M#/#r#!#t M#d#n

"un-u, #)#,# du-#)!#n o,eh D#to Ser An4#r Ir#h"( /e,#!u T"#,#n Perd#n#

Menter M#,#/# !et!# tu d S#r#h#n Fe/t7#, I/t,#,( d J#!#rt# )#d# %6 Se)te"er

1559. Ket!# tu,#h !#,"#h "#/#r#!#t M#d#n er"u,# d#n /u/u,#n d#r)#d# tu

er,#n+/un+ /#tu /e"n#r )ern+!#t !e#n+/##n d Un7er/t Ke#n+/##n M#,#/#

#+ "e"n-#n+!#n de# "enuuh!#n "#/#r#!#t M#d#n d M#,#/#. Menurut

N#u A,*Att#/ $15:%'( "#/#r#!#t M#d#n ddr!#n #t#/ !on/e) dn #tu #+#"#.

K#,"#h M#d#n d#r)#d# /t,#h dn d#n d /tu,#h #+#"# "en2#d ter#/ d#,#"

"en2#,#n !ehdu)#n. A"#n#h( 2u2ur( !h,#/( t##t )ernt#h Tuh#n d#n /e#+#n# #n+

erdr #t#/ #+#"# "en2#d )e!er2##n ut#"#. M#,#h "#/#r#!#t M#d#n #d#,#h

2e,"##n "#/#r#!#t M#dn#h !et!# #"#n N# Muh#""#d /.#.4.

Me,#,u )en+en#,#n "#/#r#!#t M#d#n d M#,#/#( #n# "eru)#!#n 4#d#h

untu! "e"ud##!#n "#/#r#!#t M#,#/#. Kur!u,u" d#,#" //te" )endd!#n

M#,#/# /#"# #d# /e-#r# 3or"#, #t#u td#! 3or"#, "#")u "enu/un d#n "e"entu!

"#/#r#!#t "#d#n. D#,#" "er#n-#n+ )e,#!/#n##n !on/e) n( eer#)# )er!#r#

"e/t der )erh#t#n /e)ert //te" /o/#, h#ru/,#h -e!#) d#n /#!/#"# /ert#)e,#!/#n##n )e"ernt#h#n "en+!ut und#n+*und#n+ d#n u!#n n#3/u #t#u

!e)entn+#n nd7du. M#/#r#!#t 2u+# h#ru/ "en+#"#,!#n #!h,#! ter)u2 d#n o,eh

dte,#d#n. U/#h# "en+h#/,!#n "#/#r#!#t "#d#n #!#n d#)#t "e,#hr!#n

4#r+#ne+#r# #n+ er)e+#n+ !e)#d# ter#/ !e"#n#n d#n !etuh#n#n( "e")un#

!et#h#n#n dr( "e",! dentt #n+/# M#,#/#( t#h#) !e)")n#n #n+ dn#"!(

er)#nd#n+#n 2#uh( !re#t3 d#n no7#t3( -tr# dr #n+ tn++( erd/),n d#n #"#,#n

hdu) #n+ -e"er,#n+.

%.6 I/,#" H#dh#r

Sete,#h #d#n# "#/#r#!#t M#d#n( "un-u, )u,# I/,#" H#d#h#r #n+ turut "e"#4#)er!e"#n+#n d#,#" )e"#n+un#n d#n !e-e"er,#n+#n d M#,#/#. Menurut R#tn#

Ro/hd# d#n Muh#""#d H#/ru, $%010'( I/,#" H#dh#r te,#h d)er!en#,!#n o,eh Tun

Adu,,#h Ah"#d B#d#4( "#nt#n Perd#n# Menter M#,#/#. I/,#" H#dh#r #n+

d)er!en#,!#n /e"#/# !e")en ),h#n r## t#hun %008 "e")o)u,#r!#n de# )ro+re/3

I/,#" d#n "en2e,#/!#n ,#+ )endr#n )h#! )e"ernt#h tent#n+ d#/#r*d#/#r erhuun+

)e"#n+un#n I/,#". ?#,#u)un I/,#" H#dh#r )#d# )ern+!#t )er"u,##nn# "ener"#

7


8/12

)e,#+# re#!/ d#n t#3/r#n /#"# #d# d d#,#" "#hu)un d )ern+!#t +,o#,( n#"un

e+tu( I/,#" H#dh#r te,#h )un "en2#d /#tu d#/#r !er#2##n d )ern+!#t n#/on#, #n+

d,#!/#n#!#n d#,#" )ent#dr#n e,#u.

I/,#" H#dh#r "eru)#!#n /#tu )ende!#t#n )e"#n+un#n "#nu/# #n+ "ene,uruherd#/#r!#n !e)#d# )er/)e!t3 t#"#dun I/,#". Pe"#n+un#n t#"#dun "e/t,#h

er"u,# den+#n )e"#n+un#n "#nu/#( "#/#r#!#t d#n ne+#r#. Untu!

"e"#n+un!#n "#nu/# de" "e"entu! /eu#h !ehdu)#n #n+ )rodu!t3( #,*@ur#n

te,#h "e"er )#ndu#n /e#+#"#n# 3r"#n A,,#h d#,#" /ur#h #,*R#d ##t 11 #n+

er"#!/ud;


9/12

#nt#r# !#"u $u!#n #n+ ,eh !eturun#n #t#u #n+/#'. Se/un++uhn# A,,#h #"#t

Men+et#hu ,#+ #"#t "end#,#" Pen+et#hu#n*N# $#!#n !e#d##n d#n #"#,#n !#"u'.=

Ke/#n d#r ##t d #t#/ 2u+# "ene#!#n 2#"n#n )e"ernt#h ter,#!/#n# !e #t#/

+o,on+#n "nort ter"#/u! 4#nt# 2u+#. Kedudu!#n 4#nt# d/#n2un+ d#n der h#!

#n+ /e4#2#rn#. Per!#r# n d#)#t d,h#t d d#,#" Per,e"#+##n Per/e!utu#n tent#n+!ee#/#n h#! #/#/. $Per,e"#+##n Per/e!utu#n( %000; B#h#+#n Kedu#( )er!#r# '.

?#nt# d#,#" I/,#" H#dh#r #"#t "en++#,#!!#n )endd!#n erteru/#n /e/u# den+#n

/,o+#n Pendd!#n Se)#n2#n+ h##t. ?#nt# td#! d!ete)!#n d#r #ru/ )e"#n+un#n

"#,#h d2#d!#n d## /#n+ #n+ !u#t untu! !#u" ,e,#! eru/#h# ++h d#n er/3#t

no7#t3 d#,#" #ru/ )erd#n#. Je,#/,#h #h#4# !e"#")u#n ter/eut "en2#d "er-u

t#nd# )e"#n+un#n )er/on#,t.

Seteru/n#( !t# "e,h#t )u,# /u"#n+#n Se2#r#h I/,#" d#,#" )rn/) !e*5 #tu

)e"u,h#r##n #,#" /e"u,#2#d. D#,#" "e"u)u! )e"u,h#r##n #,#" /e"u,#2#d( I/,#"

"ene!#n!#n )er )entn+n# "#/#r#!#t "e"#h#" Huu #,*A,#" $H#!*h#! A,#"' d

"#n# )er,#!u#n d#n )eru#t#n #n+ "enee,#h h#! d #t#/ #d#,#h d,#r#n+ /#"#/e!#,. >,eh tu( !e/ed#r#n d#,#" !#,#n+#n "#nu/# d#)#t "e"#ntu u/#h#*u/#h#

)h#! !er#2##n( #d#n u!#n !er#2##n $NG>' d#n or#n+ )er/eor#n+#n "en#n+#n

!e,e"#h#n d#n )e"#nt#u#n terh#d#) +o,on+#n #n+ !ur#n+ /!#) !et#"#dunn#.

D#,#" "en2#"n !e/ed#r#n #n+ tn++ d#,#" !#,#n+#n r#!#t( M#,#/# te,#h

eru/#h# d#n "en#nd#t#n+#n du# de!,#r#/ #n+ "e,#t!#n #,#" /e!t#r #tu

De!,#r#/ Ro De J#nero $155&' d#n Proto!o, Koto $155:'. M#,#/# "e,#,u ASEAN

te,#h eru/#h# ++h "e"#/t!#n ne+#r#*ne+#r# ASEAN e#/ d#r "e",! d#n

"en2#,#n!#n #!t7t /e2#nt# nu!,e#r. M#,#/# turut "en+#d#!#n De!,#r#/ L#n+!#4

#+ "en2#"n !eutuh#n d#n )e"#n+un#n /e,#r#/ den+#n !ehend#! #,#".

Se,#n tu( d#,#" )rn/) !e!u#t#n )ert#h#n#n( I/,#" H#dh#r turut "e"3o!u/!#n)ert#h#n#n /e-#r# !on7en/on#,. J!# dtn2#u !e!u#t#n /ur#h #,*F,( 2e,#/ "ende/#!

!e!u#t#n )ert#h#n#n )er,u dtt!*er#t!#n. At#/ d#/#r n( I/,#" H#dh#r turut "e"er

)erh#t#n ut#"# den+#n "e,en+!#)!#n /ert# "en+u#/# !e,en+!#)#n )ert#h#n#n !e

t#h#) #n+ d)er,u!#n. Contohn#( u/#h# !er#2##n "e,#n-#r!#n S#te,t A/# T"ur

M#,#/# #tu Me#/#t*1 d#n Me#/#t*% #d#,#h "e"enuh /e#h#+#n !e)er,u#n

)ert#h#n#n( /e,#n u/#h# 2#n+!# "#/# )#n2#n+ ne+#r# den+#n "en+h#nt#r r#!#t

M#,#/# )ert#"# #tu Dr. She!h Mu/#)h#r Shu!or "enert# "/ #ero#n+!#/# )#d#

t#hun %00: $H#//#n Mohd Noor( %006'. Je,#/,#h #h#4# !e2###n M#,#/# te,#h

"e"u!# "#t# ne+#r#*ne+#r# I/,#" ,#n untu! eru/#h# d#n erd## "#2u #+

"e")ert#h#n!#n ne+#r# d#n u"#t I/,#" d#r /e#r#n+ entu! )ennd#/#n d#n!e+#n#/#n.

Tunt#/n#( +#+#/#n I/,#" H#dh#r #n+ d!e"u!#!#n o,eh Tun Adu,,#h Ah"#d

B#d#4 #d#,#h /#tu "ed#n untu! u"#t I/,#" #+ "e"entu! /e"u,# )e"#n+un#n

d#n !e-e"er,#n+#n I/,#". Per!#r# n 2u+# "eru)#!#n /#tu )e,u#n+ #+ "e"u!#

"nd# d#n ,e"#r#n #ru #+ "#/#r#!#t u!#n I/,#" /u)## d#)#t "ene,t d#n

9


10/12

"e"#h#" n,# !e/,#"#n untu! d2#d!#n /#nd#r#n d#,#" "en+er#!!#n n/#t3

"e"#!"ur!#n ne+#r# M#,#/#.

%.: Kon/e) Ke/ederh#n##n

Kon/e) !e/ederh#n##n "eru)#!#n /#tu ud## #n+ te,#h dter#)!#n o,eh N#

Muh#""#d. Menurut Noor H/h#" Md N#4 $%010'( !e/ederh#n##n td#! h#n#

dtentu!#n o,eh 4#/,#h #t#u entu! ,u#r#n /e)ert !u#ntt d#n entu! h#rt# #h!#n

h#!!#tn# #n#! dtentu!#n o,eh 3#!tor n#t d#n tu2u#n. Me/!)un /e-#r# u"u"n#

!e/ederh#n##n tu "un+!n ere# "enurut t#h#) !e,"u#n( !eroh#n#n( e#n#n

t#n++un+2#4# #n+ d)!u, d#n !e/#n++u)#n /ert# !e)er,u#n !onte!/ #n+ ere#*

e#( n#"un nt)#t "#!n#n# tet#) /#"# d#n utuh. Bud## /ederh#n# #n+

d#n2ur!#n I/,#" -u!u) nd#h d#n "end#u,#t!#n )rn/) !e#d,#n /ert# !e"#nu/##n

!e)#d# /et#) n/#n d#,#" "e"n# +ener#/ I/,#" #n+ e+tu "#nt#) d#n er!u#,t.

S#,#h /#tu )en+ert#n !e/ederh#n##n turut o,eh er,#!u d#,#" )e,#+# d"en/

/e)ert !e/ederh#n##n d#,#" eru/#h#( !e/ederh#n##n d#,#" )en-#)##n(

!e/ederh##n d#,#" "enuntut ,"u( !e/ederh#n##n d#,#" er3!r d#n !e/ederh#n##n

d#,#" !et##t#n !e)#d# Tuh#n.

Se)ert !#t# u,#"#( !e/ederh#n##n u!#n erert )enten+#h#n /e"#t#*"#t# tet#)

#d#,#h /u#tu !e,eh#n d#n !eut#"##n !e)#d# /e/#)# /#h#2# #n+ "en+#"#,!#nn#.

Me"et! !#t#*!#t# #," u,#"#( !e#!#n ter,et#! d #nt#r# ten+#h*ten+#h du#

!euru!#n. H#, n er"#!n# "e",h untu! er/ederh#n# #d#,#h ),h#n #n+

"e"#4# !e)#d# !e#!#n "#n#!#,# !eer#n#n #d#,#h /u#tu !e,eh#n. Men+#",

)et!#n ##t /u- #,*@ur#n #n+ er"#!/ud;


11/12

Kon/e) !e/ederh##n #t#u 4#/#t#h /e-#r# /ed#r d#n td#! /ed#r /een#rn# h#ru/

d#"#,!#n d#,#" !ehdu)#n /eh#r#n !t#. Menurut u,!3,ee H#ron $%009'( or#n+ I/,#"

d+#,#!!#n e/ederh#n# d#,#" /o#,*/o#, !e"ud#h#n /e)ert )#!##n( te")#t tn++#,

d#n !ender##n. B#+ 4#nt# )u,#( /e!r#n# #r#n+ !e"#/ #n+ d)#!# er,eh#n #

#!#n d!en#!#n #!#t. M#2,/ )er!#h4n#n 2u+# h#ru/ d#d#!#n den+#n /ederh#n#.

B#h!#n N# Muh#""#d /.4.# 2u+# )ern#h "en#/h#t #+#r d#d#!#n "#/ !#h4n#n+ )#,n+ /ederh#n#. I/,#" te,#h "en++#r/!#n d#/#r #n+ -u!u) 2e,#/ #tu 2#n+#n

"e,#!u!#n )e"#r#n. Pe"#r#n "e"u/n#h!#n )er!#r# #n+ er3#ed#h #t#u

"en++un#!#n ,eh d#r)#d# !e)er,u#n.

Per,e"#+##n Per/e!utu#n #n+ d+u#, "en2e,#n+ Ke"erde!##n T#n#h Me,#u 2e,#/

"en+#ndun+ n,#*n,# !e/ederh#n##n /e)ert er,#!u #d, !e)#d# /e"u# !#u"(

/e"#n+ d#n /ederh#n# d#,#" #"#,#n d#n tnd#!#n "ere!#. A)# #n+ )entn+ #,#h

)er,e"#+##n n #n+ "#/h d)#!# /ehn++# !n "#/h "en+e!#,!#n )eruntu!#n

/e)ert !e4#r+#ne+#r##n( h#! /t"e4# !#u" Me,#u d#n or#n+ u!#n Me,#u( #+#"#d#n #h#/#( /ert# h#! #/#/ "#nu/#. >,eh tu( )er/etu2u#n d#n )e/e3#h#"#n #nt#r#

)endudu! er,#n+ !#u" d M#,#/# d!en#, den+#n !ontr#! /o/#, #n+

!e"ud#nn# dter"# )#!# o,eh "#/#r#!#t. Pende!#t#n 4#/#t#h n !e"ud#nn#

teru/ "en2#d #"#,#n !er#2##n /e"en2#! "erde!# /ehn++#,#h !n.

Bu!#n tu /#h#2#( d #4#h !e)")n#n D#to Sr Mohd N#2 Tun R##!( e,#u te,#h

"e")er!en#,!#n G#+#/#n 1 M#,#/#; R#!#t Dd#hu,u!#n( Pen-#)##n Dut#"#!#n.

Perd#n# Menter te,#h "en#r#n!#n )ende!#t#n 4#/#t#h #tu !e/ederh#n##n(

)erten+#h#n( er"#n+( #d, d#n -e"er,#n+. Per!#r# #n+ "en#r! d#,#" !on/e) n#d#,#h #n# /e,#r#/ d#n td#! er-#n++#h den+#n d#/#r*d#/#r /ee,u"n# /e)ert

d#/#r "uh#h d#n "enn++!#n /#r I/,#" d #"#n Tun!u Adu, R#h"#n R#h"#n(

D#/#r Pe"#n+un#n Tun Adu, R##!( D#/#r Per)#du#n Tun Hu//en >nn( D#/#r

Pener#)#n N,#*N,# I/,#" Tun Dr. M#h#thr( D#/#r Pende!#t#n I/,#" H#dh#r Tun

Adu,,#h Ah"#d B#d#4. Kon/e) 4#//#t#h 2u+# /e/u# d#n /e,#r#/ den+#n

)er,e"#+##n #n+ "en-#t#t!#n I/,#" /e#+# A+#"# Per/e!utu#n d#n "en2#"n

!ee#/#n er#+#"# !e)#d# )en+#nut*)en+#nut #+#"# ,#n.

Se#+# -ontoh( #)#,# "e,h#t !e)#d# )o)u,#/ "#/#r#!#t M#,#/#( !t# "end#)#t

60 )endudu! M#,#/# er#+#"# I/,#"( "#n#!#,# 80 ,#+ "en+#nut )e,#+#

#+#"# /e)ert Buddh#( T#o( Kon3u/uon/"e( Kr/t#n( Hndu( S!h d#n ,#n*,#n.

Seen#rn# )en+h##t#n n,#*n,# !e/ederh#n##n d#,#" )ent#dr#n M#,#/#

er"u,# /e-#r# td#! ,#n+/un+ /e2#! /e!#n ,#"# #n+ ertu2u#n untu! "en+h##t

)er)#du#n d#n "e4u2ud!#n !eh#r"on#n. N,# !e/ederh#n##n d#,#" )o,t! T#n#h

Me,#u "en#!/!#n h#! !er#!#t#n #n+ #/#,n# #d#,#h ",! "ut,#! or#n+ Me,#u

turut der !e)#d# !#u" )end#t#n+ #n+ d#4# o,eh )en2#2#h #/n+. D#/#r

11


12/12

!er#!#t#n n "enun2u!!#n den+#n 2e,#/ )en+h##t#n )e"ernt#h d#n "#/#r#!#t

terh#d#) !on/e) !e/ederh#n##n d#,#" )o,t! d#n )ent#dr#n den+#n "#t,#"#t untu!

"en2#"n !e/t#,#n d#n !eutuh#n /e/eu#h ne+#r# er,#n+ #n+/#( #+#"# d#n

ud## $Ah#r M#d Aro/( %008'.

Me,#,u hur##n d #t#/( d#)#t,#h dru"u/!#n #h#4# !on/e) !e/ederh#n##n #t#u

4#/#t#h #"#t "ud#h dh##t d#n dre#,/#/!#n d#,#" "#/#r#!#t d M#,#/#.

Ke/ederh#n##n tu /endr er)#!/!#n !e)#d# -#r# hdu) #n+ e/ederh#n#(

/e"#n+( #d, d#n -e"er,#n+.

&.0 PENUTUP

Se#+# !e/")u,#n( /e)#n2#n+ /e2#r#h M#,#/# d#r)#d# #"#n Ker#2##n Me,#u!,#/! hn++# !e)#d# #"#n /e,e)#/ "erde!#( I/,#" te,#h "en2#d )e"#n+!n ut#"#

#n+ "e"#4# )eru#h#n d#,#" "#/#r#!#t d M#,#/#. I/,#" td#! /e!#d#r #nut#n

#n+ er/3#t #"#,#n rtu#,( "#,#h#n #+#"# /u- n te,#h "en2#d "e!#n/"e #n+

dter#)!#n d d#,#" )e"ernt#h#n "e,#,u d#/#r*d#/#r #4#" ne+#r#. I")#! I/,#"/#/

#n+ erteru/#n !e #t#/ "#/#r#!#t Me,#u te,#h "e"#4# !e)#d# tr#n/3or"#/

/o/#, d#n ud## er,#nd#/!#n !e)#d# )e"entu!#n dentt Me,#u #n+ I/,#".

B#h!#n Se2#r#h I/,#" te,#h "#")u "e"entu! !e/e)#du#n "#/#r#!#t d M#,#/#.

Se2#r#h I/,#" #n#! "e"er!#n )eru#h#n d#,#" )o,t!( e!ono" d#n /o/#, d#,#"

ne+#r# !t#. Se"e"#n+n# /u"#n+#n Se2#r#h I/,#" terh#d#) )e"#n+un#n d#n

!e-e"er,#n+#n M#,#/# 2e,#/ ter)#n-#r "e,#,u hur##n #n+ te,#h d!e"u!#n dd#,#" )enu,/#n /e)ert #+#"# I/,#" /e#+# #+#"# Per/e!utu#n( )en+#ruh /e2#r#h

I/,#" terh#d#) )e"!r#n "#/#r#!#t( I/,#" H#dh#r( !on/e) !e/ederh#n##n d#n ,#n*

,#n ,#+.

12

sumbangan sejarah islam terhadap pembangunan dan kecemerlangan malaysia

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