rekabentuk tandas awam untuk era kini dan...
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+ REKABENTUK TANDAS AWAM UNTUK ERA KINI DAN PRAKTIKAL Current and Practical Public Toilet Design
Prof. Dato’ Sri Ar. Dr. Asiah Abdul Rahim
KAED, IIUM
Presented By: Pn. Nur Amirah Abd. Samad
Jabatan Senibina,
Fakulti Kejuruteraan dan Alam Bina (FKAB),
UKM
Seminar Pengurusan Tandas Awam, Karnival Hari Tandas Sedunia Peringkat Kebangsaan Tahun 2017
• Estimated 15% of the world's population has a disability
• More than ONE BILLION people with special needs worldwide
• An estimated 80% live in developing countries
(Source: WHO Report, 2011)
GLOBAL - PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES
(PWDS)
PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES (PWDS) IN MALAYSIA
ELDERLY IN MALAYSIA (60+)
• There are 436,317 PWDs registered with the Department of Social Welfare by Dec 2012
• 37.3% - learning disabilities (autism is the highest %)
• 33.4% - physically disabled • 9.0% - visually impaired • 3.3% - hearing impaired • 3.3% - mentally disabled • 0.4% - speech disability • 4.6% - other type of disabilities.
(Source: Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat [JKM] Malaysia, 2012)
• Population of 60+ in 2010 is 7.9%
• Population projection in 2040 will be 16.3%
(Social Welfare Department, 2013)
+ INTENDED USERS
+
Figure: Schematics Diagram of
Universal Design Application in
the Built Environment.
(Source: Asiah Abdul Rahim,
2010)
Universal Design
Horizontal circulation
Vertical circulation
Internal Space
Private /inside building
product
Structure
Public/outside building
UNIVERSAL DESIGN IN THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT
+
Example Building typology
Waterfront / tourist attraction areas
Residential
Public buildings / Religious Building
Institutional Healthcare
Example of Products Design
Digitized information
Ramps
Accessible toilets’
appliances
Railing
Guiding Blocks
Braille Lettering
Grab bars / Hooks
Legible / Embossed Graphics
Warning blocks
Hazard Lights
Flashing Lights
Commercial Wheelchairs
Services (human
resources)
Doorman Assistance
Service Personnel
Interpreter
Sign Language
(Source: Asiah Abdul Rahim, 2010)
Universal Design –i.e. Its Application
+
MS 2015-1:2017
Public toilets - Part 1: Minimum design
criteria
(First revision)
+ MS 1184 : 2014
UNIVERSAL DESIGN AND ACCESSIBILITY IN THE
BUILT ENVIRONMENT –
CODE OF PRACTICE
(SECOND REVISION)
25 Toilet
25.1 General
The requirements contained in this clause apply to buildings in use by the public, for example hotels,
work places, public buildings and buildings used for sport and recreation activities.
Toilet rooms and sanitary facilities shall be designed to accommodate a variety of users (See Figure
53). Public toilet facilities shall provide for the needs of people of all genders, for parents and children,
for people with disabilities and their carers in all gender combinations. Refer to MS 2015: Part 1.
25 Toilet
1. General
2. Ageing and Safety
3. Falls in Home
4. Advantages of considerate design
5. Mobility
6. Design Consideration
a) Barrier free and level floors
b) Floor surfaces
c) Control and operating mechanisms
d) Lighting and services
e) Design to prevent accidents
f) Space standards
7. Top ten design points
1. Application
2. Recommended facilities
3. Design considerations
a) Child-friendly sanitary facilities
b) Water closet
c) Urinal
d) Wash basin
e) Floor finish
f) Child protection seat
g) Family room
h) Breastfeeding area
i) Diaper-changing station
j) Seating or resting area
k) Children’s activity corner or playroom
l) Locker provision
m) Pram / wheelchair rental
n) Flexible arrangement of table and chairs
o) Baby chairs
Travelodge
LONDON & OXFORD,
UNITED KINGDOM
STOCKHOLM , SWEDEN
OSLO, NORWAY
HELSINKI & TURKU, FINLAND
MELBOURNE, AUSTRALIA
TOKYO, JAPAN
