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,HOKOT ,AMET RULA RATAL NAD LEVON MALAD NAUMETREP

ITAH AUD NAIJAK MALAD INID .HN AYRAK LARUTKURTS

ISPIRKS

nakujaiD tarayS utaS halaS ihunemeM kutnu nakididneP anajraS raleG helorepmeM

hareaD nad ,aisenodnI artsaS ,asahaB nakididneP idutS margorP

iD :helO nusus

hisgninayteS aniL

180422160

IDUTS MARGORP HAREAD NAD ,AISENODNI ARTSAS ,ASAHAB NAKIDIDNEP

INES NAD ASAHAB NAKIDIDNEP NASURUJ

NAKIDIDNEP UMLI NAD NAURUGEK SATLUKAF

AMRAHD ATANAS SATISREVINU

ATRAKAYGOY

2102

PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJIPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI

i

,HOKOT ,AMET RULA RATAL NAD D LEVON MALA NAUMETREP

ITAH AUD NAIJAK MALAD INID .HN AYRAK LARUTKURTS

ISPIRKS

nakujaiD tarayS utaS halaS ihunemeM kutnu nakididneP anajraS raleG helorepmeM

hareaD nad ,aisenodnI artsaS ,asahaB nakididneP idutS margorP

:helO nususiD

hisgninayteS aniL

180422160

IDUTS MARGORP HAREAD NAD ,AISENODNI ARTSAS ,ASAHAB NAKIDIDNEP

INES NAD ASAHAB NAKIDIDNEP NASURUJ

NAKIDIDNEP UMLI NAD NAURUGEK SATLUKAF

AMRAHD ATANAS SATISREVINU

ATRAKAYGOY

2102


ii


iii


vi

OM TO

kam halirac ,umadapek nakirebid naka akam halatniM ,tapadnem naka umak a

gnay gnaro paites aneraK .umigab nakakubid naka utnip akam halkotok

paites nad tapadnem ,iracnem gnay gnaro paites nad amirenem ,atnimem

7 :7 suitaM( nakakubid utnip aynigab ,kotegnem gnay gnaro - )8


v

NAHABMESREP

ni nasiluT adapek nakhabmesrep ayas i :

hisak nakirebmem halet gnay meniaS ubI nad oriwaP otraM kapaB kapaB

silunep adapek tagnames nad nagnorod ,utser aod ,naitahrep ,gnayas

.ini ispirks ayniaseles aggnih

engA ,itailuY irS anailuY ,otnajuS sualokiN ,otranuS senahoY ,inaitsI s

kakak otnayraH sudranoeL ,onoyraH suemoroB - akak k ulales gnay uk

.tagnames nad nagnukud nakirebmem


iv

AYRAK NAILSAEK NAATAYNREP

kadit ini silut ayas gnay ispirks awhab aynhuggnuses nagned nakataynem ayaS

naigab uata ayrak taumem ayrak naro malad naktubesid gnay ilaucek ,nial g

.haimli ayrak anamiagabes ,haimli ratfad nad napituk

,atrakaygoY 4 2102 iraunaJ

hisgninayteS aniL


iiv

NAUJUTESREP NAATAYNREP RABMEL

SIMEDAKA NAGNITNEPEK KUTNU HAIMLI AYRAK ISAKILBUP

gnaY natreb :amrahD atanaS satisreviU awsisaham ayas ,ini hawab id nagnat ad

amaN hisgninaytes aniL :

awsisahaM romoN 180422160 :

naakatsupreP adapek nakirebmem ayas ,nauhategnep umli nagnabmegnep imeD

udujreb ayas haimli ayrak atrakaygoY amrahD atanaS satisrevinU :l

LEVON MALAD RATAL NAD ,RULA ,HOKOT ,AMET NAUMETREP

ITAH AUD LARUTKURTS NAIJAK MALAD INID .HN AYRAK .

nakirebmem ayas ,naikimed nagneD .)ada alib( nakulrepid gnay takgnarep atreseB

,napmiynem kutnu kah amrahD atanaS satisrevinU naakatsupreP adapek

ilagnem nad ,satabret araces nakisubirtsidnem ,atad nalakgnap kutneb malad nakh

apnat ,simedaka nagnitnepek kutnu nial aidem uata tenretni id nakisakilbupmem

ayas adapek itlayor nakirebmem nupuam ,ayas irad niji atnimem patet amales

iagabes ayas aman nakmutnacnem .silunep

.aynranebes nagned taub ayas ini naataynrep naikimeD

atrakaygoY , 2102 iraunaJ 4

nakataynem gnaY

)hisgninayteS aniL(


iiiv

KARTSBA

2102 .aniL ,hisgninayteS . naumetreP levoN malad rataL nad ,rulA ,hokoT ,ameT naijaK malad iniD .HN ayraK itaH auD larutkurtS .ispirkS .

.amrahD atanaS satisrevinU .PIKF .DISBP .atrakaygoY

jakgnem ini naitileneP nad rula ,hokot ,amet aynsusuhk kisnirtni rutkurts il levon rata itaH auD naumetreP )1( halada ini naitileneP naujuT .iniD .HN ayrak

hokot ,amet nakispirksednem levon ratal nad rula , itaH auD naumetreP larutkurts naijak nakrasadreb rula ,hokot ,amet nagnubuh nakispirksednem nad

levon ratal nad itaH auD naumetreP .larutkurts naijak nakrasadreb

nay fitatilauk fitpirksed naitilenep sinej nakanuggnem ini naitileneP g larutkurts naijak nakrasadreb ratal ,rula ,hokot ,amet nakispirksednem naujutreb kinkeT .larutkurts naijak nakrasadreb ratal nad rula ,hokot ,amet nagnubuh nad

naitilenep malad atad nalupmugnep levoN malad rataL nad rulA ,hokoT ,ameTK itaH auD naumetreP larutkurtS naijaK malad iniD .HN ayra kinket halada

nad rula ,hokot ,amet nakispirksednem halada sisilana irad lawa hakgnaL .akatsup kutnu rasad iagabes nakanugid ratal nad rula ,hokot ,amet sisilanA .ratal

kisnirtni rusnuratna nagnubuh sisilanagnem

H lisa t nakkujnunem sisilana b halada atirec malad amatu hoko icuS ud nahabmat hokot nagne ,iniR ,hisraK ,iduyhaW ,onraM ,ojrahaR ,halokeS alapeK

keneN ,koneD kawU , , gnuluS uruG nad ub halada atirec malad sinogatorp hokoT .iksaW halada aynsinogatna hokot nad icuS hujut itupilem ini levon malad rulA .ot

nad ,skamilk ,natimur ,kilfnok ,natawag ,nagnasgnar ,narapap utiay napahat levon malad rataL .naiaseleynep itaH auD naumetreP ,tapmet ratal irad iridret

levon malad tapmet rataL .laisos ratal nad ,utkaw ratal umetreP itaH auD na id halada hamur saret ,salek gnaur ,rasap ,gnarameS ,idadowruP ,nakartnok

rataL .nakoles riggnip nad nalipmaretek gnaur ,halokes rotnak ,kirbap ,hamur .malam nad gnatep ,eros ,gnais ,igap halada atirec malad nakrabmagid utkaw

nunem laisos rataL apudihek nakkuj b agraulek n gnarameS id laggnit gnay icuS u .huragnep iagabreb gnabreg utnip nakapurem gnay nahubalep atok id ayntapet

levon malad gnudnakret gnay ameT itaH auD naumetreP nagnaujrep haladairum ignipmadnem malad icuS ub amanreb urug gnaroes halasamreb gnay aynd

.kiab gnay dirum idajnem lisahreb aggnihes

nad natiakreb gnilas ratal nad rula ,hokot ,amet rusnuratna nagnubuH ,ratal helo gnukudid amet ,amet gnukudnem hokoT .nial amas utas gnukudnem

la kutnebmem tapadret hokot ,rula gnukudnem amet nakhutubmem rula nad ,ru .aynnapahat paites malad hokot


xi

CARTSBA T

hisgninayteS , aniL 2102 . . ehT levoN eht ni gnitteS dna ,tolP ,retcarahC ,em larutcurtS a ni iniD .HN yb nettirW itaH auD naumetreP deltitnE

ydutS . sisehT D atanaS .PIKF .DISBP .atrakaygoY . amrah tisrevinU y.

eht yduts ot si hcraeser ehT yllaicepse erutcurts cisnirtni t c ,emeh ,retcarahp dna ,tol s deltitne levon eht fo gnitte itaH auD naumetreP w iniD .HN yb nettir .

)1( era sesoprup ehT t fo gnittes dna ,tolp ,retcarahc ,emeht eht ebircsed ot eh deltitne levon itaH auD naumetreP )2( dna yduts larutcurts eht no desab ot

deltitne levon eht fo gnittes dna ,tolp ,retcarahc ,emeht eht fo noitaler eht ebircseditaH auD naumetreP .yduts larutcurts eht no desab

d evitatilauq eht gnisu si hcraeser ehT gnivah si hcihw hcraeser evitpircse eht no desab levon eht fo gnittes dna ,tolp ,retcarahc ,emeht eht gnibircsed fo mia

fo hcraeser eht no desu si cinhcet s’noitcelloc atad ehT .yduts larutcurts ,emehT ,retcarahC P reP deltitnE levoN eht fo gnitteS dna ,tol itaH auD naumet yb nettirW

iniD .HN ydutS larutcurtS eht no desaB eht fo pets tsrif ehT .cinhcet akatsup si eht sa levon eht fo gnittes dna ,tolp ,retcarahc ,emeht eht eht gnibircsed si sisylana

urts cisnirtni hcae fo pihsnoitaler eht ezylana ot noitadnuof .erutc

am eht taht swohs sisylana eht fo tluser ehT icuS ub si retcarahc ni t dna ehhalokeS alapeK era sretcarahc gnitroppus , israK ,iduyhaW ,onraM ,ojrahaR ,h

kawU ,keneN ,koneD ,iniR , gnuluS rehcaet dna , eht ni retcarahc tsinogatorp ehT . icuS ub si levon .otiksaW si retcarahc tsinogatna eht dna eht fo spets neves erehT

dna xamilc ,ytixelpmoc ,noitca gnisir ,sulumits ,noitcudortni ;levon siht ni tolp .gnihsinif deltitne levon eht fo sgnittes ehT itaH auD naumetreP eht gnitsisnoc

s dna emit ,ecalp fo gnittes deltitne levon eht ni secalp fo gnittes ehT .laicoitaH auD naumetreP lanoitidart ,gnarameS ,idadowruP ,esuoh gnidraob eht ni era

eht ni dna moor aidemitlum ,eciffo loohcs ,yrotcaf ,hcrop ,moor ssalc ,tekramra hcihw semit fo gnittes ehT .hctid eht fo egde eht ni era levon eht no debircsed e

tfa ,yaddim ,gninrom thgin dna gnineve ,noonre - emit . si laicos fo gnittes ehT sa ruobrah fo ytic eht ,gnarameS ni evil ohw seilimaf s’icuS ub fo efil eht gniwohs

ht fo eulav larom ehT .ni gnimoc secneulfni eht fo etag eht deltitne levon eitaH auD naumetreP , reh gnidiug no icuS ub deman rehcaet a fo elggurts a si

.tneduts doog a eb ot melborp a sah ohw tneduts

deltitne yrots trohs eht fo tnemele cisnirtni hcae fo noitaler ehT ”airaM“ siahC .tnemele rehto yreve gnitalerroc si emeht dna ,emeht gnitroppus si retcar

dna ,tolp gnimrof si retcarahC .tolp gnitroppus si emeht neht ,gnittes yb detroppusegats yreve ni retcarahc gnideen syawla si tolp .


x

RATNAGNEP ATAK

ijuP unep rukuys anerak sutirK suseY nahuT adapek naktajnap sil takreb

ainurak hisak nad tamhar - ispirkS .ini ispirks nakiaseleynem tapad silunep ayN

levoN malad rataL nad rulA ,hokoT ,ameT luduj nagned itaH auD naumetreP

utas halas ihunemem kutnu nakujaid larutkurtS naijaK malad iniD .HN ayraK

helorepmem kutnu tarays nakididneP idutS margorP nakididnep anajras raleg

hareaD nad ,aisenodnI artsaS ,asahaB , .atrakaygoY amrahD atanaS satisrevinU

kiab nagned ispirks nakiaseleynem nad nusuynem upmam kadit siluneP

elO .kahip iagabreb irad nagnukud nad nautnab ,nagnibmib apnat ,uti anerak h

amiret nakpacugnem silunep :adapek hisak

.1 S ,ajrahiD atparP .J .srD .M ,.J. gnay amatrep gnibmibmep nesod ukales muH

.ispirks nasilunep malad nakharagnem nad gnibmibmem halet

.2 rabas nagned gnay audek gnibmibmep nesod ukales idakuS .G .srD

bmem bmi es nakusam nakirebmem nad gni .ispirks nasilunep amal

.3 D.hP ,idnahoR . .nakididneP umlI nad naurugeK satlukaF nakeD ukales

.4 .DISBP idutS margorP auteK ukales hisgninayiteS anailuY .rD

.5 huruleS lakebmem halet gnay DISBP nesod umli iagabreb nagned silunep i

tegnep .nauha

.6 ,gnayas hisak nakirebmem halet gnay meniaS ubI nad oriwaP otraM kapaB

ayniaseles aggnih silunep adapek tagnames nad nagnorod ,utser aod ,naitahrep

.ini ispirks


ix

.7 ,inaitsI sengA ,itailuY irS anailuY ,otnajuS sualokiN ,otranuS senahoY

,onoyraH suemoroB kakak otnayraH sudranoeL - akak k ulales gnay uk

.ispirks nakajregnem silunep amales tagnames nad nagnukud nakirebmem

.8 ,inayadnaH iratseL aiserehT ,iratseL ijuP anitsugA ,murgninitsirK kuluL retsE

s nakirebmem halet gnay itnasuS anailirpA nad owobarP gnugA ireF ,nara

.ispirks nakajregnem silunep amales nagnukud nad tagnames

helO .nagnarukek kaynab hisam ini nasilut awhab iradaynem siluneP

ayntafis gnay kitirk ,edi nagnabmus ,naras kutneb alages ,uti anerak

ed silunep adapek nakiapmasid tapad aynarik fitkurtsnok naanrupmeynep im

.acabmep igab taafnamreb tapad ini nasilut agomeS .ini nasilut

siluneP

hisgninayteS aniL


iix

ISI RATFAD

.…………………………………………………………LUDUJ NAMALAH

………………………………GNIBMIBMEP NAUJUTESREP NAMALAH

...………………………………………………NAHASEGNEP NAMALAH

…………OTOM ………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………NAHABMESREP NAMALAH

………………………………………AYRAK NAILSAEK NAATAYNREP

…………………………………ISAKILBUP NAUJUTESREP NAMALAH

.……………………………………………………………………KARTSBA

TCARTSBA ..…………………………………………………………………

....……………………………………………………RATNAGNEP ATAK ...

..…………………………………………………………………ISI RATFAD

..……………………………………………………NAULUHADNEP I BAB

.A ...………………………………………………………gnakaleB rataL

.B .……………………………………………………halasaM nasumuR

.C ..……………………………………………………naitileneP naujuT

.D M .……………………………………………………naitileneP taafna

.E ……halitsI nasataB ……………………………………………………

.F …………………………………………………naijayneP akitametsiS

IROET NASADNAL II BAB …………………………………………………

.A naitileneP ..…………………………………naveleR gnay uluhadreT

.B ..………………………………………………………iroeT nasadnaL

i

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iii

vi

v

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iiv

iiiv

ix

x

iix

1

1

3

4

4

4

6

8

8

9


iiix

.1 .…………………………………………………levoN naitregneP

.a ..…………………………………………………………ameT

.b .…………………………………………………………hokoT

.c ……………………………………………………………rulA

.d uata rataL gnitteS ...……………………………………………

.2 naijaK ………………………………………………larutkurtS …

.3 ...………………………………ameT nad rulA ,hokoT nagnubuH

.a U nad ameT ns …………………………………………niaL ru

.b ……………………………………niaL rusnU nad nahokoneP

.c aL .…………………………………………niaL rusnU nad rat

NAITILENEP IGOLODOTEM III BAB ..……………………………………

.A ..…………………………………………………………ataD rebmuS

.B ..………………………………………………………naitileneP sineJ

.C .……………………………………………ataD nalupmugneP kinkeT

.D .…………………………………………………ataD sisilanA kinkeT

P LISAH VI BAB NASAHABMEP NAD NAITILENE ...……………………

.A …………………………………………………………ataD ispirkseD

.B ...sisilanA lisaH ..………………………………………………………

.1 .……………………………………………nahokoneP nad hokoT

.2 ..………………………………………………………hokoT sineJ

.3 ...……………………………………………………tolP uata rulA

.4 ………………………………………………………………ameT

.5 aL uata rat gnitteS …………………………………………………

9

01

51

52

23

43

53

53

63

83

04

04

04

14

14

34

34

34

34

67

19

89

101


vix

.6 ..……………………………………………rusnuratnA nagnubuH

.a ..…………………………………………hokoT nagned ameT

.b ……………………………………………rulA nagned hokoT

.c ...…………………………………………rataL nagned hokoT

.d ……………………………………………rataL nagned ameT

.C ...…………………………………………………………nasahabmeP

PUTUNEP V BAB ……………… ……………………………………………

.A ……………………………………………………………nalupmiseK

.B ………………………………………………………………isakilpmI

.C ..…………………………………………………………………naraS

…………………………………………………………AKATSUP RATFAD

...…………………………………………………………………NARIPMAL

.……………………………………………………………………ATADOIB

901

901

011

711

811

911

321

321

521

521

621

821

1 23


1

I BAB

NAULUHADNEP

.A halasaM gnakaleB rataL

,namalagnep apureb gnay aisunam idabirp napakgnu halada artsaS

narabmag kutneb utaus malad nanikayek ,tagnames ,edi ,naasarep ,narikimep

,iniaS nad ojdramuS( asahab tala nagned anosep naktikgnabmem gnay terknok

91 .)3 :68 aisunam awhab ankam gnudnagnem tubesret naataynreP

,narikimep nakgnabmuynem kutnu anaras iagabes artsas ayrak nakanuggnem

.ayniagabes nad naasarep ,namalagnep

as ayraK s taubmem tapad gnay ,hadni gnay ines haubes nakapurem art

aynacabmem gnay gnaro d y apa imahamem nad hutnesret tapa gna

.gnaragnep helo nakiapmasid tapad anerak iagrahid tapad artsas ayrak haubeS

artsas ayrak haubes malad awhab aynitra aisunam napudihek igab anugreb

tapad nial aisunam raga aisunam namalagnep iagabreb nakpakgnugnem

itemem artsas ayrak ,idaJ .)41:4891 ,ojdramuS( aynadap irad kiab narajalep k

habmanem nad nauhategnep nakirebmem tapad gnay ayrak utiay kiab gnay

.aynacabmep adapek nasawaw ,uti nialeS haubes nakapurem artsas ayrak

s s ayrak awhab itrareb inis id rutkurtS .rutkurt nanusus nakapurem uti artsa

rusnu - rusnu rusnu aratna gnay ,metsisreb gnay - nagnubuh idajret aynrusnu

labmit - rusnu nautasek ,idaJ .nakutnenem gnilas ,kilab - rusnu artsas malad

nakub gnay aynah lah nakupmut uata nalupmuk nakapurem - adneb uata lah -

reb gnay adneb iridnes irid - iridnes naknialem lah - gnilas ,takiret gnilas uti lah


2

11 :7891 ,opodarP( gnutnagreb gnilas nad ,natiakreb - kutneb utas halaS .)21

.levon halada artsas halada levoN naruku malad asorp kutnebreb atirec

saul nad gnajnap )66:4891 ,ojdramuS( .

levoN rusnu ikilimem gnay artsas kutneb utas halas nakapurem - rusnu

gnay nugnabmep amasreb araces naidumek - .satilatot haubes kutnebmem amas

rusnU - kisnirtni rusnU .kisnirtske nad kisnirtni rusnu halada tubesret rusnu

rusnu halada levon haubes - al araces gnay rusnu nugnabmem atres turut gnusgn

haubes taubmem gnay halini kisnirtni rusnu iagabrebratna naudapeK .atirec

rusnU .dujuwreb levon - nad rula ,hokot ,amet halada duskamid gnay rusnu

ratal rusnu halada kisnirtske rusnU . - ipatet ,uti ayrak raul id adareb gnay rusnu

s ayrak emsinagro metsis uata nanugnab ihuragnepmem gnusgnal kadit arace

.)32 :5991 ,orotnayigruN( artsas

nad itilenem kutnu kiratret itilenep ,sata id naiaru nakrasadreB

gnay ratal nad rula ,hokot ,amet aynsusuhk kisnirtni rutkurts sisilanagnem

lad tapadret ludujreb gnay levon ma itaH auD naumetreP ayrak hN iniD . .

levoN itaH auD naumetreP nakatirecnem halokeS id nakididnep halasam

nakatirecnem utiay rasaD rajagnem gnay icuS uB amanreb urug gnaroes

halokeS B halanas iD .gnarameS id rasaD reb nad rajagnem icuS u umet

nalakaneK .otiksaW amanreb lakan gnay ayndirum gnaroes halas nagned

aynnalakanek nakhab satab iuapmalem halet halokeS id otiksaW

namet nakayahabmem - uB urug naker uti kutnU .aynsalek id namet icuS

otiksaW nakparahgnem uB numan ,halokes irad nakraulekid icuS

kutnu halokes alapek adapek atnimem nad otiksaW naknahatrepmem


3

otiksaW ignipmadnem kutnu icuS uB adapek natapmesek nakirebmem

.kiab gnay dirum idajnem

levoN itaH auD naumetreP sisilanaid nad itiletid kutnu kiranem

rutkurts ,kisnirtni anerak nasahab itregnemid hadum nad sagul ay S . uti niale

levon itaH aud naumetreP asam napudihek malad nakisavelerid tapad hisam

nad naknahatrepmem malad icuS uB hokot ikilimid gnay tafis anerak inik

nad nakumetid gnaraj hisam kiab gnay dirum idajnem ayndirum ignipmadnem

.hotnocid kutnu ulrep

rusnu apureb gnay levon irad rutkurts sisilanagnem naka itileneP - rusnu

nad rula ,hokot ,amet aynsusuhk kisnirtni rusnuratna nagnubuh nad kisnirtni

levon adap ratal itaH auD naumetreP sisilanagnem itileneP .iniD .hN ayrak

ni rutkurts rusnu anerak tubesret ratal nad rula ,hokot ,amet aynsusuhk kisnirt -

levon malad artsas ayrak nugnabmem natiakreb gnilas tubesret rusnu

itaH auD naumetreP .

.B halasaM nasumuR

nakrasadreB nasumur naksumurid tapad sata id halasam gnakaleb ratal

iagabes halasam :tukireb

.1 nad rula ,hokot ,amet sisilana hakanamiagaB ratal gnay levon malad

ludujreb itaH auD naumetreP naijak nakrasadreb iniD .hN ayrak

?larutkurts

.2 nad rula ,hokot ,amet nagnubuh hakanamiagaB ratal gnay levon malad

ludujreb itaH auD naumetreP .hN ayrak naijak nakrasadreb iniD

?larutkurts


4

.C naitileneP naujuT

rasadreB ,sata id halasam nasumur nad halasam gnakaleb ratal nak

:tukireb iagabes naujut ikilimem ini naitilenep

.1 ,rula ,hokot ,amet nakispirksedneM ratal ludujreb gnay levon malad

itaH auD naumetreP k .larutkurts naijak nakrasadreb iniD .hN ayra

.2 nad ,rula ,hokot ,amet nagnubuh nakispirksedneM ratal gnay levon malad

ludujreb itaH auD naumetreP naijak nakrasadreb iniD .hN ayrak

.larutkurts

.D naitileneP taafnaM

ilenep aynrasad adaP arebeb iaynupmem ini nait taafnam ap tiay :u

.1 igab isaripsni rebmus idajnem asib nakparahid ini naitilenep lisaH

.naitilenep nakukalem kutnu nial itilenep nolac nad acabmep

.2 nauhategnep umli ayakrepmem nad narikip nagnabmus nakirebmeM

artsas gnatnet tukgnaynem gnay aisenodnI asahab malad aynsusuhk

.naratalep nad nahokonep ,rula ,amet sisilanagnem

.3 ianegnem naitilenep iskelok habmaneM nad narulagnep ,nahokonep ,amet

naratalep .larutkurts naijak nakrasadreb

.E halitsI nasataB

halitsI - halitsi nep malad aynnaitregnep isatabid ulrep gnay ini naitile

alada :h


5

.1 ameT

aynukub malad orotnaigruN nahruB iskiF naijakgneP iroeT )58:5991(

araces uata atirec gnudnakid gnay ankam iagabes amet nakisinifednem

kokop halada amet )4611:5002( IBBK malaD .atirec ankam :takgnis

epid gnay( atirec rasad ,narikip ,gnaragnem rasad iagabes iakapid ,nakayacr

.)bsd ,kajas habugnem

.2 hokoT

gnay naaker udividni halada hokot )61:8891( namijduS turuneM

malad awitsirep iagabreb malad naukalreb uata awitsirep imalagnem

.atirec

.3 tolP uata rulA

311:5991( orotnaigruN malad notnatS atirec halada tolp nakakumegnem )

nakgnubuhid aynah uti naidajek pait numan , naidajek naturu isireb gnay

nakbabeynem uata nakbabesid utas gnay awitsirep ,tabika babes araces

nakapurem aynrasad adap rula ,uti nialeS .nial gnay awitsirep aynidajret

natered natiakreb gnilas kigolonork nad kigol nagnubuh malad awitsirep

malad grubmexuL( ukalep arap helo imalaid uata naktabikaid gnay nad

.)94:6002 ,imtayiW

.4 uata rataL gnitteS

uata rataL gnittes adap naraynem ,upmut sadnal iagabes aguj tubesid gnay

met naitregnep uh ,tap sos nagnukgnil nad ,utkaw nagnub tapmet lai

awitsirep aynidajret - .)612 :5991 ,orotnayigruN( nakatirecid gnay awitsirep


6

.5 levoN

nad gnajnap gnay naruku malad asorp kutnebreb gnay atirec halada levoN

saul .)66 :4891 ,ojdramuS(

.6 larutkurtS naijaK

rutkurtS tafisreb gnay )kisnirtni( rusnuratna nagnubuh halada artsas ayrak

utas kutnebmem amasreb araces gnay ,ihuragnepmem gnilas ,kilab labmit

aynaman nagned iauseS .)63:5991 ,orotnayigruN( hutu gnay nautasek

as ayrak imahamem nad gnadnamem larutkurts natakednep iges irad arts

utauses iagabes gnadnapid artsas ayraK .iridnes uti artsas ayrak rutkurts

nupuam ,satilaer ,gnaragnep irad sabeb ,iridnes iridreb ,monoto gnay

.)98:6002 ,imtayiW malad wueeT( acabmep

.F naijayneP akitametsiS

adaP naijaynep akitametsis naigab bab aparebeb ikilimem itilenep

:utiay sahabid naka gnay I baB halasam gnakaleb ratal isireb isireb gnay

levon itilenem itilenep apagnem nasala itaH auD naumetreP .iniD .hN ayrak

r ayntujnaleS halasam nasumu naaynatrep narabajnep isireb ini bab malad -

natrep nasumur nialeS .ini naitilenep nakotap malad nakanugid gnay naay

nakijaynem aguj ini bab ,halasam naitilenep naujut nad naitilenep taafnam .

jasid aguj uti nialeS i halitsi gnatnet isireb gnay halitsi nasatab nak - gnay halitsi

ini lah ,acabmep itregnemid tilus malad acabmep utnabmem naka

malad sahabid naka gnay ajas apa isireb naijaynep akitametsiS .aynimahamem

ini naitilenep .


7

II baB ret iroet nasadnal nad naveler gnay uluhadret naitilenep irad irid .

III baB irad iridret rebmus atad ,naitilenep sinej , ep kinket mugn ,atad nalup

atad sisilana kinket nad . baB VI t nad sisilana lisah ,atad ispirksed irad iridre

.nasahabmep baB V .naras nad ,isakilpmi ,nalupmisek irad iridret


8

II BAB

IROET NASADNAL

.A naveleR gnay uluhadreT naitileneP

da naveler gnay uluhadret naitileneP :tukireb iagabes hala ,amatreP

isnanigeR helo nakukalid gnay naitilenep , adniluraD itiS )1002( luduj nagned

nad mayaK ramU ayraK gnukineM nalaJ levoN larutkurtS sisilanA

artsaS narajalebmeP nahaB iagabes aynnahokoneP kepsA aynisatnemelpmI

.UMS id a lisaH nad lartnes hokot tapadret utiay ini naitilenep irad sisilan

levoN .nahabmat hokot gnukineM nalaJ nakanuggnem mayaK ramU ayrak

nakrabmaggnem ini rula ,kilab toros rula .uapmal asam nagnanek nad natagni

em halet gnay isidart utaus halada nakanugid gnay ameT irid adap takel

ap ilabmek naka taas utaus adap ,gnaroeses d iulalem nupualaw aynilsa a

.gnukinem kaynab utigeb gnay nanalajrep

,audeK ilenep helo nakukalid gnay nait itnajraH )6002( naiD .O.D.Y ,

luduj nagned rusnU - hsieG gnaroeS raomeM levoN kisnirtnI rusnu ayraK a

.AMS id narajalebmeP malad aynisatnemelpmI atres nedloG ruhtrA lisaH

gnaroes nagnaujrep kokop amet ikilimem utiay ini naitilenep irad sisilana

levoN malad hokoT .redneg isanimirksed nahabmat amet nad ahsieG raomeM

ahsieG gnaroeS hemaM ,iruyaS utiay rulA .auteK nad ubaN ,omomustaH ,a

,kilfnok ,nagnasgnar ,isisopske utiay napahat hujut tapadret ini levon malad

ratal itupilem ini levon malad rataL .naiaseles nad ,naiarel ,skamilk ,natimur

reb gnay levon uti nialeS .laisos ratal nad ,tapmet ratal ,utkaw raomeM luduj

.AMS id artsas narajalebmep malad nakisatnemelpmiid tapad ahsieG gnaroeS


9

,agiteK gnay naitilenep helo nakukalid aaW )9002( anilegnA .F , gnay

ludujreb biajA somreT nad tasesreT takialaM amarD haksaN kisnirtnI rusnU

melpmI nad ikujdraM J.R ayrak AMS id narajalebmep malad aynisatne lisaH .

rusnu awhab nakkujnunem ini naitilenep sisilana - idegart amard kisnirtni rusnu

laisos kitirk utiay ini amard malad ameT .amet ,rula ,ratal ,hokot irad iridret

nem gnay nredom aisunam napudihek malad gnabmekreb gnay nakgnugag

.nasaik asahab nakanuggnem kaynab nad ini amard malad artsas asahab

ludujreb gnay levon gnatnet aisenodnI asahab naitileneP naumetreP

itaH auD nakumenem muleb itilenep nakhab nakukalid muleb iniD .hN ayraK

levon ianegnem sahabmem gnay naitilenep natakednep uata naijak nagned ini

levon hilimem silunep ,uti anerak helO .larutkurts itaH auD naumetreP ayrak

.larutkurts naijak nagned iniD .hN

.B iroeT nasadnaL

.1 naitregneP levoN

halada levoN gnay naruku malad asorp kutnebreb gnay atirec

saul nad gnajnap )66 :4891 ,ojdramuS( . utas halas nakapurem levoN

rusnu ikilimem gnay artsas kutneb - naidumek gnay nugnabmep rusnu

amasreb araces - rusnU .satilatot haubes kutnebmem amas - tubesret rusnu

alada levon haubes kisnirtni rusnU .kisnirtske nad kisnirtni rusnu halada h

rusnu - naudapeK .atirec nugnabmem atres turut gnusgnal araces gnay rusnu

.dujuwreb levon haubes taubmem gnay halini kisnirtni rusnu iagabrebratna

rusnU - rusnU .ratal nad rula ,hokot ,amet halada duskamid gnay rusnu


01

rusnu halada kisnirtske - adareb gnay rusnu araces ipatet ,uti ayrak raul id

ayrak emsinagro metsis uata nanugnab ihuragnepmem gnusgnal kadit

.)32 :5991 ,orotnayigruN( artsas sisilanaid naka gnay ini naitilenep malaD

utiay levon kisnirtni rutkurts halada .ratal nad rula ,hokot ,amet

.a ameT

f paiteS gnay amet uata rasad iaynupmem halsurah iski

amet iaynupmem kadit gnay atirec utauS .naujut narasas nakapurem

ada kadit utnet ,nagiraT( aynitra nad aynaynug T .)521 :1991 ame

atirec haubes malad naaracibmep kokop halada :4891( ojdramuS .)75

m nakgnadeS urune nerraW nad skoorB t pudih nagnadnap halada amet

uata napudihek ianegnem utnetret naasarep uata utnetret gnay

ialin naiakagnar - rasad nugnabmem uata kutnebmem gnay utnetret ialin

artsas ayrak utaus irad amatu nasagag uata ( :1991 ,nagiraT .)521

uti nialeS uS amet nakisinifednem )65 :6891( iniaS nad ojdram

nakub aynatirec silunem malad gnaragneP .atirec haubes edi halada

adap utauses nakatagnem kadneh ipat ,atirecreb radekes aynah

ituyaS helo gnukudid aguj tubesret naataynreP .aynacabmep

m kapurem amet nakatagne na ameT .atirec ankam aynrasad adap

kiab ,halasam kokop uata kejbus padahret ratnemok sinejes nakapurem

kutnu isgnuf ikilimem ameT .tisilpmi nupuam tisilpske araces

rusnu nakutaynem - ufreb aguj uti niales ,aynnial rusnu n u isg kutn

snopser uata isiv inayalem nagnubuh namalagnep padahret gnaragnep

aynlatot ( ayar tagaj nagned :6002 ,imtayiW 24 - .)34


11

rtsas ayrak malad ameT tapad orotnayigruN turunem a

:utiay irogotak aparebeb idajnem nakgnologid

)1 idajnem nakadebid amet simotohkid nagnologgnep nakrasadreB

utiay aud t amet lanoisidar .lanoisidartnon amet nad

lanoisidart ameT gnay amet iagabes nakduskamid

uti“ aynah gnay amet adap kujnunem - halet ai itra malad ,”ajas uti

,atirec iagabreb malad nakumetid tapad nad nakanugrepid amal

.amal atirec kusamret naataynreP - aynrep tapad gnay amet naat

:aynlasim ,uti lanoisidart tafisreb iagabes gnadnapid nad naranebek

pututid ualaw natahajek kadnit ,natahajek nakhalagnem nalidaek -

natahajek uata naranebek kadnit ,aguj rakgnobret naka iputut

gnisam - :awaJ( aynlisah kitemem naka gnisam ala kititek kiceb

itajes nawak ,nanabrognep tutnunem itajes gnay atnic ,) aratek

urab gnaro ,atirednem haletes ,akud asam id nawak halada

tikareb ,nahuT tagniret - gnanereb uluh ek tikar - naidumek gnaner .

amet aynmumu adaP - amet nakapurem lanoisidart amet

ay nad ,nupanam id ,nup apa laisos sutats nagned iramegid gn

napak atnic gnaro paites aynrasad adap nakbabesid uti laH .nup

aynkilabes gnay utauses icnebmem nad naranebek naka

77 :5991 ,orotnayigruN( - amet halada lanoisidartnoN ameT .)87

ay artas ayrak haubes gnay utauses takgnagnem ajas nikgnum gn

dit a gnay amet ,lanoisidartnon gnay ayntafis aneraK .mizal k

tafisreb ,acabmep naparah nagned iauses kadit nikgnum ,naikimed


21

,naklasegnem idaj helob nakhab ,naktujegnem ,sura nawalem

iskaer iagabreb uata ,nakawecegnem - nial gnay iskaer

.)97 :5991 ,orotnayigruN(

)2 yelpihS turuneM amet nagnologgneP pme tapadret natakgnit ta

utiay amet malad :

)a F takgniT ameT kisi

,lukelom )naawijek takgnit malad uata( iagabes aisunaM nam

lucelom sa . ini ameT aynkaynab helo nakkujnunem hibel

ka ,naawijek adapirad kisif sativit naknakenem hibel ai

gnay atirec hokot naawijek kilfnok adapirad kisif satilibom

.natukgnasreb

)b O takgniT ameT kinagr

,amsalpotorp iagabes aisunaM msalpotorp sa nam ayrak ameT .

ini takgnit artsas epmem uata tukgnaynem hibel naklaosr

nakukalid tapad aynah gnay sativitka utaus ,satilauskes halasam

.pudih kulhkam helo

)c laisoS takgniT ameT

M kulhkam iagabes aisuna ,laisos suoicos sa nam . napudiheK

,takaraysam iska tapmet nakapurem gnay - aisunam ayniskaretni

amases nagned gned nad gnudnagnem ,mala nagnukgnil na

nial nad kilfnok ,nahalasamrep kaynab - kejbo idajnem gnay nial

.amet nairacnep


31

)d kiogE ameT

,udividni iagabes aisunam ,kioge takgnit ameT sa nam

msilaudividni . sos kulhkam iagabes gnipmas iD ,lai aisunam

aguj sugilakes iagabes kulhkam asaitnanes gnay udividni

naukagnep tutnunem malaD .aynsatilaudividni kah sata

nup aisunam ,udividni kulhkam iagabes aynnakududek

gnay aynlasim ,kilfnok nad nahalasamrep kaynab iaynupmem

unam iskaer dujuwreb halasam padahret ais - sos halasam gnay lai

d .aynipadahi

)e eniviD takgniT ameT

M iggnit takgnit kulhkam iagabes aisuna , utnet muleb gnay

em gnay ,ayniapacnem nad imalagnem aisunam paites n lojno

gnubuh halasam halada ini takgnit malad nagned aisunam na

am iagabreb uata ,satisoigiler halasam ,atpicnep gnas gnay halas

nad ,isiv ,pudih nagnadnap itrepes aynnial sifosolif tafisreb

.nanikayek

)3 aud tapadret aynamatu takgnit irad nagnologgnep nakrasadreB

.:utiay natakgnit

)a royaM ameT uata amatU ameT

utiay royam amet tubesid gnires uata atirec kokop ameT

nakapurem nasagag uata rasad idajnem gnay atirec ankam

naigab adap tapadret aynah kadit gnay artsas ayrak mumu

.ajas utnetret


41

)b nahabmaT ameT

ronim amet iagabes tubesid gnires gnay uata nahabmat ameT

naigab adap tapadret aynah gnay ankam halada - utnetret naigab

irec .nahabmat ankam irad naigab iagabes isakifitnediid tapad at

naknimrecnem nad gnukudnem tafisreb nahabmat ankaM

.)34 :0002 ,otnayiraH( atirec nahurulesek amatu ankam

imtayiW malad( ituyaS ,uti nialeS :6002 adebmem )34 amet nak

macam aparebeb idajnem utiay :

)1 hainamsaJ ameT

halada hainamsaj ameT ij naadaek nagned natiakreb gnay amet aw

.aisunam gnaroes

)2 kinagrO ameT )larom(

halada kinagro ameT .aisunam larom nagned nagnubuhreb gnay

)3 laisoS ameT

a laisos ameT halad halasam nagned nagnubuhreb gnay ameT

p adnagaporp nad ,nakididnep ,kitilo .

)4 E ameT kiog

a kioge ameT iskaer nagned nagnubuhreb gnay amet halad - iskaer

.laisos huragnep gnatnenem aynmumu adap gnay idabirp

)5 K ameT nanahute

halada nanahutek ameT amet isidnok nagned nagnubuhreb gnay

unam isautis nad .laisos kulhkam iagabes ais


51

iracid surah nad iynubmesret aynkatel artsas ayrak malad ameT

:4891,ojdramuS( aynacabmep helo iridnes aynnakumenem kutnU .)85

naigab paites irad naklupmiynem surah akam - ayrak irad naigab

d paites malad tapadret aynlasim tubesret .golai

.b hokoT

iskif haubes malad tapadret gnay ukalep arap halada hokoT

:6002 ,imtayiW( :8891( namijduS turunem nakgnadeS .)03 gnay )61

imalgnem gnay naaker udividni halada hokot nagned duskamid

tirec malad awitsirep iagabreb malad naukalreb uata awitsirep .a

:6002 ,imtayiW malad( ituyaS turuneM iskif malad hokot )13

atirec malad aynnatabilretek iauseS .sinej aparebeb idajnem nakadebid

nahabmat hokot nad )lartnes( amatu hokot aratna nakadebid

( larehpirep hunemem alibapa lartnes hokot iagabes tubesid hokoT .) i

gnilap )2 ,amet uata ankam nagned tabilret gnilap )1 :utiay tarays agit

nakulremem kaynab gnilap )3 ,nial hokot nagned nagnubuhreb kaynab

hokot idajnem nakadebid aynkataw nakrasadreB .naatirecnep utkaw

halada anahredes hokoT .skelpmok hokot nad anahredes gnay hokot

naklojnotid aynah nad aisunam satilanosrep nahutuek ilikawem gnaruk

hibel aynkilabes ,skelpmok hokot nakgnadeS .ajas aynretkarak isis utas

isis ikilimem gnay ,aisunam satilanosrep nahutuek nakrabmaggnem

.simanid araces kurub nad kiab

namijduS 71 :8891( - 91 idajnem hokot nakadebmem aguj )

:tukireb iagabes irogetak aparebeb


61

)1 nakrasadreB tapad atirec malad hokot isgnuF idajnem nakadebid

lartnes hokot .nahawab hokot nad

)a lartnes hokoT

lartnes hokoT nad sinogatorp utiay aud idajnem igabid

.sinogatna

)1( T sinogatorP hoko

.atirec malad lartnes gnay hokot idajnem ulales sinogatorP

amatu hokot nakutnenem kutnu nakanugid gnay airetirK

,atirec malad uti hokot nalucnumek isneukarf nakub

awitsirep malad hokot natabilretek satisnetni naknialem -

nabmem gnay awitsirep .atirec nug

)2( sinogatnA hokoT

halada sinogatna hokoT t nenep nakapurem gnay hoko gnat

.sinogatorp irad amatu ilikawem ulales sinogatna hokoT

tafis ikilimem nad halas ulales gnay uata tahaj gnay kahip

t nagned nanawalreb gnay .sinogatorp hoko

)3( wariW uata nawariW ita

nagnugaek aynup aynmumu adap itawariW uata nawariW

malad id nimrecret gnay idub naruhulek nad narikip

.ailum gnay nakadnit nad duskam

)4( nawariwitnA nad nawariwitnA

ialin ikilimem kadit gnay hokot halada nawariwitnA - ialin

iagabes ukalreb nad nawariw hokot .nalagagek hokot


71

gnay hokot utiay ,anajrud hokot kusamret nawariwitnA

.tusahgnep uata ,idalekgnaib ,tahaj katawreb

)b B hokoT nahawa

a nahawaB hokoT naayacrepek idajnem gnay hokot halad

hokot tubesid ini macames hokoT .sinogatorp ai anerak naladna

taked gned helo naktaafnamid naladna hokoT .amatu hokot na

tnet icnirepret hibel narabmag irebmem kutnu gnaragnep gna

.amatu hokot

H .P nakgnadeS :0002( otnayira hokot nakadebmem aguj )53

sinej aparebeb idajnem :utiay

)1 p hokot tapadret aynnalipmanep isgnuf nakrasadreB ,sinogator

.sinogatirt nad ,sinogatna

)a hokoT sinogatorP

a sinogatorp hokoT isgnufreb nakparahid gnay hokot halad

.notnonep nad aracibmep itapme nad itapmis kiranem

)b sinogatnA hokoT

a sinogatna hokoT t halad ko o iagabes narepreb gnay h

kot irad amatu gnatnenep ho .sinogatorp

)c T hokoT sinogatir

a sinogatirt hokoT okot halad sinogatorp adap kahipreb gnay h

iagabes isgnufreb uata sinogatna adapek kahipreb uata

.uti nagnatnetrep hagnenep

)2 hokot aud tapadret aynutkaw napakgnugnep nakrasadreB :utiay

)a elpmoK( taluB hokoT )sk


81

a talub hokoT nakirebid gnay amard artsas malad ukalep halad

iges - hokot irad nakadebid tapad aggnihes aynkataw iges - hokot

.aynnial

)b D hokoT rata )anahredeS ,hipiP(

a ratad hokoT kadit gnay amard artsas malad ukalep halad

akgnel araces aynkataw nakpakgnuid .p

)3 w nagnabmegnep nakrasadreB aynkata aud idajnem nakadebid

:utiay

)a S hokoT sitat

a sitats hokoT malad gnay artsas malad ukalep halad

amas nakhab uata ialakes tikides tubesret amard nahurulesek

es .habureb kadit ilak

)b B hokoT gnabmekre

a gnabmekreb hokoT halad malad gnay amard malad ukalep

.nagnabmekrep nad nahaburep imalagnem nahurulesek

)4 padahret atirec hokot nanimrecnep nanikgnumek nakrasadreB

tapad atirec hokot ,atayn napudihek irad aisunam )kopmolekes(

:utiay aud idajnem nakadebid

)a lakipiT hokoT

kipit hokoT la a naklipmatid tikides aynah gnay hokot halad

naklojnotid kaynab hibel nad ,aynsatilaudividni naadaek

nial gnay utauses uata aynnaasgnabek nad naajrekep satilauk

.ilikawem tafisreb hibel


91

)b larteN hokoT

larten hokoT d isnetsiskereb gnay atirec hokot halada atirec ime

.iridnes uti

hokot nakadebmem aguj orotnayigruN ,uti nialeS - malad hokot

.nakukalid uti naamanep anam tudus irad nakrasadreb iskif haubes

tapadret hokot ayngnitnep takgnit uata nanarep iges irad nakrasadreB

okoT .nahabmat hokot nad amatu hokot gnay hokot halada amatu h

suret naklipmatid nad gnitnep gnologret - aggnihes surenem

hokot halada nahabmat hokoT .atirec raseb naigabes isanimodnem

uti nad ,atirec malad ilak aparebeb uata ilakes naklucnumid aynah gnay

ler naatirecnep isrop malad nikgnum nup ,orotnayigruN( kednep fita

.)671 :5991

ek nakadebid tapad hokot nalipmanep isgnuf irad tahilid akiJ

siweL nad dnrebnetlA turuneM .sinogatna nad sinogatorp hokot malad

gnay hokot halada sinogatorp hokot )871 :5991( orotnayigruN iulalem

las gnay ,imugak atik tubesid ralupop araces aynsinej utas ha oreh ,

amron natawajegnep nakapurem gnay hokot - ialin ,amron - gnay ialin

aynidajret babeynep hokot halada sinogatna hokoT .atik igab laedi

ek nakadebid tapad atirec hokot ,aynnakatawrep nakrasadreB .kilfnok

hokot malad hokoT .talub hokot uata skelpmok hokot nad anahredes

idabirp satilauk utas ikilimem aynah gnay hokot halada anahredes

tafis utas ,utnetret - ukal hakgnit nad tafiS .ajas utnetret gnay kataw

naknimrecnem aynah ,notonom ,ratad tafisreb anahredes hokot gnaroes


02

halada talub hokot uata skelpmok hokoT .ajas utnetret kataw utas

isis nanikgnumek iagabreb pakgnuid nad ikilimem gnay hokot

ikilimem ajas tapad aI .aynirid itaj nad naidabirpek isis ,aynnapudihek

tapad nup ai numan ,nakisalumrofid tapad gnay utnetret kataw alup

macamreb ukal hakgnit nad kataw naklipmanem - nakhab ,macam

,uti anerak helO .agudid tilus nad nagnatnetreb itrepes nikgnum

.tapet araces nakispirksedid tilus aynmumu adap nup aynnakatawrep

ureynem hibel talub hokot ,anahredes hokot nagned nakgnidnabiD iap

ikilimem gnipmas id anerak ,aynhuggnuses gnay aisunam napudihek

nakirebmem gnires aguj ai ,nakadnit nad pakis napudihek iagabreb

)381 :5991 ,orotnayigruN iulalem smarbA( natujek

nakatawrep aynkadit uata gnabmekreb airetirk nakrasadreB

ts hokot tapadret hokot halada sitats hokoT .gnabmekreb hokot nad sita

uata nahaburep imalagnem kadit laisnese araces gnay atirec

awitsirep aynada tabika iagabes nakatawrep nagnabmekrep - awitsirep

.)881 :5991 ,orotnayigruN iulalem siweL nad dnrebnetlA( idajret gnay

ats hokoT kat ,patet evitaler gnay kataw nad pakis ikilimem sit

gnabmekereb hokoT .atirec rihka iapmas lawa kajes ,gnabmekreb

nagnabmekrep nad nahaburep imalagnem gnay atirec hokot halada

awitsirep nahaburep nad nagnabmekrep nagned nalajes nakatawrep

d gnay tolp nad skaretnireb fitka araces aI .nakhasiki nagned i

sos kiab ,aynnagnukgnil aynaumesek gnay ,nial gnay nupuam ,mala ,lai


12

aynukal hakgnit nad ,kataw ,pakis ihuragnepmem naka uti


okot nad lakipit hokot tapadret aynnanimrecnep nakrasadreB h

naklipmatid tikides aynah gnay hokot halada lakipit hokoT .larten

satilauk naklojnotid kaynab hibel nad ,aynsatilaudividni naadaek

iulalem siweL nad dnrebnetlA( aynnaasgnabek uata naajrekep

, narabmaggnep nakapurem lakipit hokoT .)091 :5991 ,orotnayigruN

kopmolekes uata ,gnaro padahret nakkujnunep uata ,nanimrecnep

udividni gnaroes uata agabmel haubes malad takiret gnay gnaro

hokoT .atayn ainud id ada gnay ,agabmel utaus irad naigab iagabes

dnes uti atirec imed isnetiskereb gnay atirec hokot halada larten aI .iri

raneb - malad iskaretnireb nad pudih aynah gnay renijami hokot raneb

atames nakridahid uata ridah aI .iskif ainud - uata ,atirec imed atam

gnay nad ,atirec ukalep ,atirec aynupme gnay halaid nakhab

.)191 :5991 ,orotnayigruN( nakatirecid

hokonep halasaM atames kat ayrak haubes malad na - atam

nakatawrep nad sinej nahilimep halasam nagned nagnubuhreb aynah

naksikulem anamiagab aguj naknialem ,ajas atirec hokot arap

upmam aggnihes tapet araces aynnaridahgnep nad naridahek

katpicnem itra naujut gnukudnem nad na kits .natukgnasreb ayrak

nemele iagabreb ratna natiak aynlah anamiagabes ,tubesret lah audeK

kinket raseb sirag araceS .ipakgnelem nad gnukudnem gnilas iskif

,tafis nasikulep :aynpakgnel uata ayrak utaus malad hokot nasikulep


22

ad ,ukal hakgnit ,kataw ,pakis nagnubuhreb gnay nial lah iagabreb n

,kinket uata arac aud idajnem nakadebid tapad hokot irid itaj nagned

kinket nad gnusgnal araces nasikulep uata sirotisopske kinket utiay

:5991 ,orotnayigruN( gnusgnal kadit araces nasikulep uata kitamard

.)491

)1 kE kinkeT sirotisops

kinket iagabes tubesid aguj gnires sirotisopske kinkeT

nakirebmem nagned nakukalid atirec hokot nasikuleP .sitilana

atirec hokoT .gnusgnal araces nasalejnep uata ,naiaru ,ispirksed

araces acabmep napadah ek gnaragnep helo nakridahid nad ridah

it tilebreb kad - iatresid gnusgnal nad ajas utigeb naknialem ,tileb

,kataw ,tafis ,pakis apureb nikgnum gnay ,aynnairidek ispirksed

:5991 ,orotnayigruN( aynkisif irric aguj nakhab uata ,ukal hakgnit

.)591

)2 kitamarD kinkeT

rd kinket malad atirec hokot nalipmaneP aynitra ,kitama

kat araces nakukalid ,amard adap naklipmatid gnay nagned pirim

araces nakispirksednem kadit gnaragnep ,aynitrA .gnusgnal

gnaragneP .hokot ukal hakgnit atres pakis nad tafis tisilpske

aynnairidek nakdujuwem kutnu atirec hokot arap nakraibmem

araces kiab ,nakukalid gnay sativitka iagabreb iulalem iridnes

hakgnit uata nakadnit tawel labrevnon nupuam atak tawel labrev

:5991 ,orotnayigruN( idajret gnay awitsirep iulalem aguj nad ,ukal


32

kinket halmujes nagned nakukalid tapad kitamard kinkeT .)891

s :tukireb iagabe

)a napakaC kinkeT

hokot helo nakukalid gnay napakacreP - atirec hokot

tafis nakrabmaggnem kutnu nakduskamid aguj aynasaib - tafis

.natukgnasreb gnay hokot

)b ukaL hakgniT kinkeT

gnay nakadnit adap naraynem ukal hakgnit kinkeT

sif ,labrevnon tafisreb malad gnaro nakukalid gnay apA .ki

tapad kaynab malad ,ukal hakgnit nad nakadnit dujuw

nad ,tafis ,napaggnat ,iskaer nakkujnunem iagabes gnadnapid

tafis naknimrecnem gnay pakis - ,numaN .aynnaridahek tafis

gnadak ,iskif ayrak malad - nakadnit ada kapmat gnadak nad

gnaruk ,larten tafisreb gnay hokot ukal hakgnit

.aynnairidek tafis nakrabmaggnem

)c naasareP nad narikiP kinkeT

malad nakumetid tapad naasarep nad narikip kinkeT

uti narutunep ,aynitrA .ukal hakgnit nad napakac kinket

arikip nakrabmaggnem kutnu sugilakes .hokot naasarep nad n

kinkeT .saget araces nakhalipid nikgnum kadit gnamem uti laH

kadit gnay utauses apureb aguj tapad naasarep nad narikip

nad nakadnit kutneb malad terknok araces nakukalid hanrep

atak - .aynkilabes idajret tapad kadit ini lah nad ,atak


42

)d eT naradaseK surA kink

kinket nagned tare natiakreb naradasek sura kinkeT

kinket haubes nakapurem naradasek surA .naasarep nad narikip

sesorp narila nad nagnadnap pakgnanem ahasureb gnay isaran

nagned rupmacreb aredni napaggnat anam id ,hokot latnem

naradasek ,natagni ,naasarep ,narikip naradaskatek nad

isaisosa nad ,naparah - iulalem smarbA( kaca isaisosa

.)602 :5991 ,orotnayigruN

)e hokoT iskaeR kinkeT

hokot iskaer iagabes nakduskamid hokot iskaer kinkeT

,pakis nad ,atak ,naadaek ,halasam ,naidajek utaus padahret

gnasgnar apureb gnay ayniagabes nad ,nial gnaro ukal hakgnit

ul irad .natukgnasreb gnay hokot irid ra

)f niaL hokoT iskaeR kinkeT

gnay iskaer iagabes nakduskamid nial hokot iskaeR

gnay hokot uata ,amatu hokot padahet nial hokot helo nakirebid

ridek irajalepid ,tapadnep ,nagnadnap apureb gnay ,aynnai

nial nad ,ratnemok ,pakis - .nial

)g rataL nasikuleP kinkeT

kutnu iakapid gnires aguj hokot ratikes ratal anasauS

hibel tapad ratal anasaus nasikuleP .aynnairidek naksikulem

etnignem n .hokot nairidek tafis nakfis

)h kinkeT kisiF nasikuleP


52

nagned natiakreb gnires gnaroeses kisif naadaeK

ajagnes gnaragnep ,kadit gnilap uata ,aynnaawijek naadaek

.uti natiakretek nagnubuh naktahilrepmem nad iracnem

,lewab uata siwirec tafis adap naraynem sipit ribib ,aynlasiM

aynem surul tubmar ,halagnem uam kat tafis adap nar

nad anamigab gnay ribib ,kagnodnem gnudih ,majat nagnadnap

nial - .utnetret tafis adap naraynem tapad gnay nial

tubesret lah nagned nagnubuheS namijduS ( :8891 32 - )62 aguj

nakadebmem ta kataw naijaynep malad edotem aparebeb edotem ua

edotem ,kitilana uata gnusgnal edotem irad iridret utiay nahokonep

halada kitilana edoteM .lautsketnok edotem nad ,gnusgnal kadit

tafis nakhasignem atirecnep iulalem gnaragnep - ,tarsah ,hokot tafis

gnadak ,aynnaasarep ,narikip - siynem nagned gnadak uata natalik nakpi

tafis naka aynkadit ujutes ratnemok - kat edoteM .uti hokot tafis

kitamard edotem uata naagar edotem tubesid gnires uata gnusgnal

acabmep helo naklupmisid tapad hokot kataw nasikulep kinket halada

t naukal nad ,napakac ,narikip irad ay hoko ,gnaragnep nakijasid gn

b nakha uata nagnukgnil narabmag irad atres aynkisif nalipmanep irad

hokot kataw halada lautsketnok edotem nakgnadeS .hokot tapmet

malad gnaragnep nakanugid gnay asahab irad naklupmisid tapad

hokot adapek ucagnem .

.c rulA

rulA akapurem tikides kadit nakhab ,gnitnep gnay iskif rusnu n

rusnu iagabreb aratnaid gnitnepret gnay iagabes aynpaggnagnem gnaro


62

nasalejek babes nasalareb uti laH .nial gnay iskif tolp , ak nasalejek nati

hadumrepmem naka ,raenil araces nakhasikid gnay awitsirepratna

ep A .naklipmatid gnay atirec padahret atik namaham uata rul tolp

nagnubuh nakrasadreb nususid gnay awitsirep naiakagnar halada

satisuak (W ,imtayi :6002 .)63 notnatS turunem nakgnadeS

nakakumegnem tolp numan ,naidajek naturu isireb gnay atirec halada

ajek pait awitsirep ,tabika babes araces nakgnubuhid aynah uti naid

ial gnay awitsirep aynidajret nakbabeynem uata nakbabesid utas gnay n

( :5991 ,orotnayigruN .)311 S naataynreP helo gnukudid notat

awhab nakatagnem gnay ynneK naataynrep tolp awitsirep iagabes -

witsirep ,anahredes tafisreb kadit gnay atirec malad naklipmatid gnay a

awitsirep nsusuynem gnaragnep anerak - nakrasadreb uti awitsirep

.)311 :5991 ,orotnayigruN( tabika babes natiak

,naigab agit idajnem nakadebid tapad artsas ayrak malad rulA

ad ,hagnet ,lawa utiay gnay isisopske isireb lawa naigaB .rihka n

gnudnagnem hagnet naigaB .kifnok nad gnay satilibatsni gnudnagnem

gnudnagnem rihka naigaB .kilfnok kacnup nakapurem gnay skamilk

tnemuoned malad ituyaS( halasam nahacemep/naiaseleynep uata

.)73 :6002 ,imtayiW

sirA 241 :5991( orotnayigruN iulalem seletot - 841 ) aguj

lawa pahat irad iridret tolp haubes awhab nakakumegnem )gninnigeb( ,

hagnet pahat )eldim( rihka pahat nad , )dne( atirec haubes lawa pahaT .

adap nalanekrep pahaT .nalanekrep pahat iagabes tubesid aynasaib


72

umu nagned natiakreb gnay gnitnep isamrofni halmujes isireb aynm

n ,ratal nalanegnep nad nakkujnunep aynlasim lah iagabreb a am - aman

tubesid aguj tapad hagnet pahaT .naidajek utkaw ,mala anasaus ,tapmet

uata nad nagnatnetrep naklipmanem ,naiakitrep pahat iagabes kilfnok

idajnem ,aynmulebes pahat adap naklucnumid ialum hadus gnay

aguj tapad rihka pahaT .nakgnagenem nikames ,takgninem nikames

nem ,naiarelep pahat tubesid a tabika iagabes utnetret nageda naklipm

.skamilk naiaseleynep haubes nakapurem rihka pahat malaD haubes

aud idajnem nakirogetakid tapad atirec haubes naiaseleynep .atirec

.akubret naiaseleynep nad pututret naiaseleynep utiay nagnolog

rihka naadaek adap kujnunem pututret tafisreb gnay naiaseleyneP

s atirec ,iaseles hadus gnamem gnay iskif ayrak haubes sibah hadu

ayntujnaleS .nakgnabmekid gnay atirec akigol natutnut nagned iauses

rihka naadaek adap kujnunem ,akubret tafisreb gnay naiaseleynep

natutnut nakrasadreB .rihkareb muleb aynranebes gnay atirec haubes

utnu laisnetop hisam atirec ,atirec akigol nad kilfnok ,naktujnalid k

hokoT .naktujnalid aynhunepes muleb - )aynaumes( muleb atirec hokot

.aynnabmeid gnay narep nagned iauses aynbisan nakutnetid

991( orotnayigruN turuneM 351 :5 - 651 uata rula ) tolp tapad

dapek nad halmuj ,utkaw naturu nakrasadreb nakadebid .nata

uata rula utkaw naturu nakrasadreB tolp :idajnem nakadebid

)1 fisergorp uata suruL


82

awitsirep akij fisergorp nakatakid levon haubes tolP -

awitsirep ,sigolonork tafisreb nakhasikid gnay awitsirep - awitsirep

jret nakbabeynem :uata( helo itukiid amatrep gnay )aynida

awitsirep - atirec tutnur araces uatA .naidumek gnay awitsirep

nalucnumep ,nalanegnep ,naisautiynep( lawa pahat irad ialumid

rihka nad ,skamilk ,takgninem ,kilfnok( hagnet ,)kilfnok

.)naiaseleynep(

)2 uata kilab toroS hsalf - kcab

id gnay naidajek naturU gnay iskif ayrak malad nakhasik

irad ialumid kadit atirec ,sigolonork tafisreb kadit fiserger tolpreb

raneb gnay( lawa pahat - araces atirec lawa nakapurem raneb

,rihka pahat nakhab hagnet pahat irad nikgnum naknialem ,)akigol

atirec lawa pahat naidumek urab tolpreb gnay ayraK .nakhasikid

nageda nakhuguynem gnusgnal ,naikimed nagned ,ini sinej - nageda

k ilfnok ilakgnarab nakhab ,kilfno .gnicnamem halet gnay k

isautis iuhategnem kusam awabid igal muleb acabmep ,lahadaP

aynidajret nakbabeynem gnay nahalasamrep nad nad kilfnok

haduses urtsuj nahasikid uti aynaumesek gnay ,uti nagnatnetrep

awitsirep - .aynhaduses idajret sigolonork araces gnay awitsirep

)3 narupmaC

,fisergorp nikgnum levon haubes tolp raseb sirag araceS

s ,aynnaidajek radak nupapateb ,aynmalad id ipatet tapadret gnire

nageda - nakhaB .aynkilabes alup naikimeD .kilab toros nageda


92

nup atirec haubes ada nikgnum kat nakatakid helob ,aynranebes

kaltum gnay hsalf - kcab naikimed gnay akij nakbabesid uti laH .

kadit nakatakid kutnu ,tilus tagnas naka acabmep ,idajret asib

surenem suret araces gnay nakhasikid gnay atirec itukignem

.rudnum araces nakukalid

.rihka nad ,hagnet ,lawa naigab irad iridret rula rutkurtS

narapap irad iridret lawa naigaB )noitisopxe( , nagnasgnar gniticni(

)tnemom , natawag )noitca gnisir( . gaB naiakit irad iridret hagnet nai

)tcilfnoc( natimur , )noitacilpmoc( , sata ridret rihka naigaB .skamilk

naiarel )noitca gnillaf( nad naiaseles )tnemeuoned( . naitregneP

utiay namijduS turunem rula naigab isgnuf nakapurem narapaP

.atirec utaus lawa amatu gnaR gnay awitsirep halada nagnas

naklubmitid gnires nagnasgnaR .natawag aynlubmit ilawagnem

iagapes ukalreb gnay urab hokot gnaroes aynkusam helo

natawaG .rotasilatak a ad helo naklubmitid gnay napahat hal

.nagnasgnar gnay nahisilesrep halai kilfnok uata naiakiT lubmit

natimuR .nagnatnetreb gnay nataukek aud aynada tabika iagabes

.skamilk ek ujunem naiakit alum alajeg irad nagnabmekrep halada

aynnatabehek kacnup iapacnem natimur alibapa iapacret samilK .

m naiaseleyneP nakapure atirec putunep uata rihka naigab

( duS 03 :8891 ,namij - .)63 B p tukire naigab pait naitregnep nasalejne

rula 83 :0002( otnayiraH .P turunem - .)93


03

)a narapaP uata isisopskE

narapap uata isisopskE gnay artsas ayrak naigab halada

isisopske aynasaiB .ratal nad hokot ianegnem nagnaretek isireb

elret ini ini napahat malaD .tubesret ayrak lawa naigab adap kat

tapmet naksalejnem ,hokot arap naklanekrepmem gnaragnep

.idajret naka gnay awitsirep narabmag nakirebmem ,awitsirep

)b nagnasgnaR

a nagnasgnaR ,nataukek lucnum akitek rula napahat halad

,nauamek ,kadnehek gnilas gnay nagnadnap ,pakis

gnay awitsirep apureb aynkutneB .amard malad nagnatnetreb

ialumem atres rihkaret isisopske naigab haletes idajret areges

aynkusam helo naklubmitid gnires ini awitsireP .kilfnok lubmit

reb utaus ayngnatad uata urab hokot gnaroes gnay ati

.saral alumes gnay naadaek nakkasurem

)c naiakiT uata kilfnoK

a kilfnoK lanoisome anasaus akitek napahat halad

.nataukek hibel uata aud nagnatnetrep aynada anerak sanamem

:tapme idajnem nakkopmolekid tapad tubesret nagnatnetreP

am ,mala nagned aisunam ,aisunam amases nagned aisun

,)nitab kilfnok( iridnes aynirid nagned aisunam aisunam nad

.aynatpicnep nagned


13

)d uR isakilpmok uata natim

m natimuR nikames anasaus akitek napahat nakapure

narabmaG .aynkacnup itakednem nikames kilfnok anerak sanap

ikames hokot .naksikulret aynhunepes muleb nupiksem salej n

)e skamilK

a skamilK ini naigab .atirec kacnup kitit halad

iapacnem idajret gnay nagnatnetrep akitek napahat nakapurem

nakapurem ini pahat malad awitsireP .aynlamitpo kitit

.hokot bisan nahabugnep

)f iT uata sisirK kilab kit

a sisirK .naiarel ilawagnem gnay rula naigab halad

ujunem atirec rula nahaburep helo iadnatid ini pahaT

.nahadusek

)g naiareL

a naiareL iapacret haduses rula rutkurts naigab halad

nakkujnunem gnay awitsirep nakapurem ,sisirk nad skamilk

nagnabmekrep radak ini pahat malaD .naiaseles har aek naukal

.tusuynem lanoisome nagnageteK .aderem nagnatnetrep

naadak ek ilabmek ujunem ,nignidnem ialum sanap anasauS

.nagnatnetrep idajret mulebes itrepes alumes

)h naiaseleyneP

m naiaseleyneP .rula rihka naigab nakapure pahat malaD

nailatreb gnay namahaphalasek uata aisahar aynasaib ini


23

alages irad lanif nautneteK .naksalejret atirec rula nagned

.pakgnuret idajret gnay nagnatnetrep

.d uata rataL gnitteS

)612 :5991( orotnayigruN iulalem smarbA turuneM

l awhab naktubeynem rata uata gnittes iagabes aguj tubesid gnay uata

nad ,utkaw nagnubuh ,tapmet naitregnep adap naraynem ,upmut sadnal

awitsirep aynidajret tapmet laisos nagnukgnil - gnay awitsirep

.salej nad terknok araces atirec nakajip nakirebmem rataL .nakatirecid

tnep ini laH ,acabmep adapek sitsilaer nasek nakirebmem kutnu gni

haloes utnetret anasaus nakatpicnem - huggnus halo - nad ada huggnus

tapad anahredes araces nakakumegnem )44 :8891( namijduS .idajret

gnay naucagnep ,kujnutep ,nagnaretek alages awhab nakatakid

ned natiakreb malad awitsirep aynidajret anasaus nad ,gnaur ,utkaw nag

.atirec ratal nugnabmem artsas ayrak utaus

ratal utiay ,macam agit idajnem nakadebid ratal iskif malaD

halasam nagned natiakreb tapmet rataL .laisos nad ,utkaw ,tapmet

sirep anam isakol iD .sifargoeg nad ,apa ased id ,idajret awit

,irah ,utkaw halasam nagned natiakreb utkaw rataL .ayniagabes ,maj

sos rataL .sirotsih nupuam takaraysam napudihek nagned natiakreb lai

:5991( orotnayigruN turuneM .)04 :6002 ,imtayiW iulalem ituyaS(

722 - acnem ratal rusnu )432 ,tapmet ratal utiay kokop rusnu agit puk

.laisos ratal nad utkaw ratal

)1 tapmeT rataL


33

gnay awitsirep aynidajret isakol adap naraynem tapmet rataL

nikgnum nakanugrepid gnay rusnU .iskif haubes malad nakatirecid

tapmet apureb - sini ,utnetret aman nagned tapmet ,utnetret lai

tapmet ratal naanuggneP .salej aman apnat utnetret isakol nikgnum

aman nagned - gnilap uata ,naknimrecnem halsurah utnetret aman

tapmet sifargoeg naadaek nad tafis nagned nagnatnetreb kat kadit

r nad itilet araces tapmet ispirkseD .natukgnasreb gnitnep ini sitsilae

haloes acabmep inasegnem knutnu - uti nakatirecid gnay lah halo

huggnus - itrepes )utkaw nad( tapmet utiay ,idajret nad ada huggnus

.uti nakatirecid gnay

)2 utkaW rataL

”napak“ halasam nagned nagnubuhreb utkaw rataL

awitsirep aynidajret - irep .iskif haubes malad nakatirecid gnay awits

utkaw nagned nakgnubuhid aynasaib tubesret ”napak“ halasaM

nagned naktiakid tapad uata aynnatiak ada gnay utkaw ,lautkaf

padahret acabmep ispesrep nad nauhategneP .harajes awitsirep

epid naidumek uti harajes utkaw abocnem kutnu nakanugr ek kusam

P .atirec anasaus malad itamkinem nad imahamem ahasureb acabme

gnay atirec raul irad lasareb gnay utkaw nauca nakrasadreb atirec

uata nad nagnabmekrep naamasrep aynadA .natukgnasreb

aktaafnamid aguj tubesret utkaw nanalajesek inasegnem kutnu n

acabmep haloes - huggnus iagabes uti atirec halo - nad ada huggnus

.idajret

)3 laisoS rataL


43

lah adap naraynem laisos rataL - nagnubuhreb gnay lah

gnay tapmet utaus id takaraysam laisos napudihek ukalirep nagned

ataT .iskif ayrak malad nakatirecid laisos napudihek arac

pukuc gnay pukgnul malad halasam iagabreb pukacnem takaraysam

,isidart ,tadaitsi tada ,pudih naasaibek apureb tapad aI .skelpmok

nial nad ,pakisreb nad rikipreb arac ,pudih nagnadnap ,nanikayek -

epes lautirips ratal gnologret gnay nial .aynmulebes nakakumekid itr

laisos sutats nagned nagnubuhreb aguj laisos ratal ,uti gnipmas iD

.sata uata ,hagnenem ,hadner aynlasim ,natukgnasreb gnay hokot

.1 larutkurtS naijaK

gnay )kisnirtni( rusnuratna nagnubuh halada artsas ayrak rutkurtS

it tafisreb amasreb araces gnay ,ihuragnepmem gnilas ,kilab labm

:5991 ,orotnayigruN( hutu gnay nautasek utas kutnebmem iauseS .)63

ayrak imahamem nad gnadnamem larutkurts natakednep aynaman nagned

napid artsas ayraK .iridnes uti artsas ayrak rutkurts iges irad artsas gnad

,gnaragnep irad sabeb ,iridnes iridreb ,monoto gnay utauses iagabes

:6002 ,imtayiW malad wueeT( acabmep nupuam ,satilaer .)98

:5991( orotnayigruN turuneM halada larutkurts sisilana naujut )73

b ratna natiakretek nad isgnuf nikgnum tamreces nakrapamem iagabre

haubes nakalisahgnem amasreb araces gnay artsas ayrak rusnu

ukalid pukuc kat larutkurts sisilanA .nahuruleynemek radekes aynah nak

rusnu atadnem aynlasim ,iskif ayrak haubes utnetret tolp nad ratal ,hokot ,

lada gnitnep hibel gnay ,numaN .nial gnay anamiagab nakujnunem ha

padahret nakirebid gnay apa nagnabmus nad ,uti rusnuratna nagnubuh


53

uti nialeS .iapacid nigni gnay nahurulesek ankam nad kitetse naujut

:6002 ,imtayiW malad( wueeT turunem larutkurts natakednep naujut )98

apamem nad rakgnobmem halada es ,itiletes ,tamreces nakr nad ,litednem

nikgnum maladnemes kepsa nad rusnu aumes nanilajretek nad natiakretek

amasreb gnay artsas ayrak - amas .huruleynem ankam naklisahgnem

kutnu naksukofid ini naitilenep adap larutkurts sisilanA

evon rutkurts sisilanagnem l itaH auD naumetreP iniD .hN ayrak

amet rusnu adap aynsusuhk ratal nad rula ,hokot , kutu naujutreb ini laH .

.tubesret levon malad gnudnakret gnay ankam iuhategnem

.2 ameT nagnubuH , ratal nad ,rulA ,hokoT

huruleynemek utaus ,satilatot haubes nakapurem levoN gnay na

naigab iaynupmem levon ,satilatot haubes iagabeS .kitsitra tafisreb -

rusnu ,naigab - gnilas nial gnay nagned utas natiakreb gnilas gnay rusnu

utiay levon haubes malad nugnabmep rusnu utas halaS .nakgnutnaggnem

22 :5991 ,orotnayigruN( kisnirtni rusnu - .)32

malad ameT .ratal nad rula ,hokot ,amet halada tubesret rusnU

halmujes irad utas halas nakapurem halaynah ,iskif ,artsas ayrak haubes

haubes kutnebmem amasreb araces gnay nial atirec nugnabmep rusnu

kgnum kadit atirec haubes malad ameT .nahuruleynemek nakiapmasid ni

rusnU .atirec iulalem tisilpmi araces aynah naknialem ,gnusgnal araces -

,hokot ;atirec atkaf iagabes nakkopmolekid nial gnay atirec rusnu tolp ,

.tubesret amet nakiapmaynem nad gnukudnem sagutreb ratal

.a nial atireC rusnU nad ameT


63

bes malad ameT nakapurem halaynah iskif ,artsas ayrak hau

araces gnay ,nial atirec nugnabmep rusnu halmuj irad utas halas

,aynranebes nakhaB .nahuruleynemek haubes kutnebmem amasreb

gnay rusnu iagabreb irad gnutnagreb tama iridnes uti amet isnetsiske

abesid uti laH .nial gnay amet nakb enebaton uata ankam apureb aynah

rusnu apnat ridah nikgnum kat ,atirec utaus mumu rasad nasagag

urab amet haubes ,naikimed nagneD .ayngnupmanem gnay kutneb

nagned aynnatiakretek malad ada akij atirec ankam idajnem naka

rusnu - ial atirec rusnu nad isnerehok irebmem tafisreb ameT .aynn

.)47 :5991 ,orotnayigruN( nial gnay iskif rusnu padahret ankam

.b nial atireC rusnU nad nahokoneP

ikilimem nad hutu gnay nahurulesek haubes nakapurem iskiF

a iric r atelret urtsuj iskif nakitsitraek nad nahutueK .kitsit adap k

.aynnugnabmep rusnu iagabrebratna tare gnay nanilaj natiakretek

neP rusnu utas halas iagabes nahoko nad ijakid tapad iskif nugnabmep

rusnu nagned aynnanilajretek sisilanaid - .aynnial nugnabmep rusnu

)1 natolpmeP nad nahokoneP

nad hokoT tolp s rula uata ini laH .natiakreb gnila

p aynada nagned nakkujnutid hibel uti awitsirep nalucnume

naidajek padahret naiskeleynep nakapurem - nigni gnay naidajek

gnalut nakapurem ai ,gnitnep gnamem tolP .nakpakgnuid

hokot ,numaN .atirec gnuggnup - ibel gnay atirec malad hokot h

radekes tolp ,ini lah malaD .acabmep naitahrep kiranem kaynab

apudihek nanalajrep imahamem kutnu anaras nakapurem .hokot n


73

rula nad nahokoneP gnilas gnay atkaf aud nakapurem

tolP .nial gnay nagned utas nakgnutnugnem nad ihuragnepmem

ukalid gnay apa halada gnay apa awitsirep nad hokot nak

,kilfnok ,nagnagetek ,naidajek imed naidajek aynadA .aynapminem

nakapurem aynaumesek enebaton gnay ,skamilk ek iapmas nad

lah - malad laisnese gnay lah tolp ada akij idajret nikgnum aynah

hokoT .aynukalep - haluti atirec hokot ukalep iagabes gnay

utnenep aynanerak nad ,naidajek atirednep sugilakes

,aynranebes nakhaB .tolp nagnabmekrep tolp irad nial kat

nad rikipreb arac malad kiab ,hokot napudihek nanalajrep

araces kiab ,kadnitreb nupuam ,ukalirepreb ,pakisreb ,naasarepreb

brev 271 :5991 ,orotnayigruN( labrev non nupuam la - .)371

)2 ameT nad nahokoneP

hokoT .tare gnay nagnubuh ikilimem amet nad nahokoneP -

gnubulesret araces ,amet malad ukalep nakapurem atirec hokot

gnaret nupuam - naka amet naadebrep aynadA .nagnaret

adebrep nakbabeynem isagutid gnay atirec hokot naukalremep na

hilimem naka aynmumu adap gnaragneP .aynnakiapmaynem

hokot - gnukudnem kutnu iauses gnilap gnay utnetret hokot

araces nakataynid kadit aynmumu amet ,iskif malaD .aynamet

reb gnay halacabmep itrareb uti laH .tisilpske sagut

nakukalid tapad nial aratna amet narisfanep ahasU .aynnakrisfanem

,aynitrA .lojnonem gnay kilfnok uata nad naidajek lited iulalem


83

,imalaid gnay kilfnok itrareb uti nad atirec amatu kilfnok iulalem

itrA .amatu hokot adapek nakapmitid uata ,naklubmitid ahasu ,ayn

,nnakukalid gnay apa irad kacalid halsurah amet narisfanep

hokot adapek nakapmitid gnay apa uata ,nakasarid nad nakrikipid

371 :5991 ,orotnayigruN( - .)47

.c niaL gnay atireC rusnU nad rataL

rataL ,tapmet natubeynep apureb radekes gnay ayrak haubes

tafisreb aynitra ,mumu araces utnetret laisos nagnubuh nad ,utkaw

nagnabmegnep malad nanarepreb kaynab kat aynmumu adap ,larten

gnaruk tubesret ratal awhab itrareb uti laH .nahurulesek araces atirec

rusnu padahret huragnepreb - susuhk ,nial gnay iskif rusnu nad rula ayn

ipakgnelid gnay ,nanakenep tapadnem gnay ratal ,aynkilabeS .hokot

tafis nagned - lah malad ihuragnepmem tagnas naka ,aynsahk tafis

.atirec nahurulesek aguj aynanerak nad ,nahokonep nad narulagnep

e gnay nagnubuh iaynupmem narulagnep nagned rataL tafisreb nad tar

tafis .kilab labmit - ihuragnepmem naka lah kaynab malad ,ratal tafis

tafis - ,nakhaB .hokot tafis tafis awhab nakatakid akij nahibelreb kat

:5991 ,orotnayigruN( aynratal naadaek helo kutnebid naka gnaroeses

.)522

amem narulagnep nad nahokoneP helo nakutnetid aynah kat gn

akiJ .nakgnutihrepid surah ratal nanarep aynkadites numan ,ratal

atirec ,nahokonep nagned ratal aratna nagnabmieskaditek idajret

aynnatiak malad rataL .naknikayem gnaruk ,rajaw gnaruk idajnem


93

kat gnusgnal utkaw nagnubuh nagned huragnepreb naka gnusgnal

naktiakid gnay utkaw aynsusuhk ,narulagnep nad atirec padahret

awitsireP .naharajesek rusnu nagned - malad nakatirecid gnay awitsirep

surah ,harajes awitsirep nagned aynnagnubuh ada akij ,levon haubes

aynek nagned nagnatnetreb kadit babes gnitnep ini laH .uti harajes naat

akiJ .naikimed halasam padahret sitirk tagnas idajnem naka acabmep

kusam kadit idajnem atirec ,naiausesek aynada kadit idajret ataynret

.emsinorkana tubesid gnay apa halidajret nad ,laka

gnubuh iaynupmem aguj rataL rataL .amet nagned na

hadaw idajnem gnay laisos naadaek nad taas ,tapmet nakapurem

tafisreb rataL .naidajek utauses ianekid nad nakukalem hokot tapmet

naka rataL .hokot padahret naniamrep ”naruta“ nakirebmem

et ,aynkilabes uatA .amet nahilimep ihuragnepmem hadus gnay am

gnukudnem upmam nad ratal nahilimep tutnunem naka hilipid


nad tare gnay nagnubuh iaynupmem nahokonep nagned rataL

tafiS .kilab labmit tafisreb - naka lah kaynab lah malad ratal tafis

tafis ihuragnepmem - aB .hokot tafis akij nahibelreb kat ilakgnarab ,nakh

aynratal naadaek helo kutnebid naka gnaroeses tafis awhab nakatakid



04

III BAB

NAITILENEP IGOLODOTEM

.A rebmuS ataD

rebmuS ludujreb gnay naitilenep irad atad ,ameT ,hokoT rulA nad

malad rataL itaH auD naumetreP levoN naijaK malad iniD .hN ayraK

larutkurtS :tukireb iagabes halada

ukuB luduJ itaH auD naumetreP :

gnaragneP iniD .hN :

ukuB labeT namalah 88 :

tibreT nuhaT 9002 :

tibreneP amatU akatsuP aidemarG :

.B P sineJ naitilene

naitileneP gnay ludujreb ,hokoT ,ameT rulA malad rataL nad , levoN

itaH auD naumetreP naijaK malad iniD .hN ayraK larutkurtS kusamret ini

fitpirksed naitilenep .fitatilauk nagned naitilenep halada fitpirksed naitileneP

atak apureb naklupmukid gnay atad - ub nad ,rabmag ,atak akgna nak - .akgna

napituk isireb naka naitilenep naropal ,naikimed nagneD - kutnu atad napituk

naitileneP .)7:9891 ,gnoeloM( tubesret naropal naijaynep narabmag irebmem

ispirksed atad naklisahgnem gnay naitilenep rudesorp iagabes halada fitatilauk

atak apureb - gnaro irad nasil uata silutret atak - tapad gnay ukalirep nad gnaro

itamaid itileneP .)3:9891 ,gneoloM( ini na nakispirksednem kutnu naujutreb


14

tni rusnu ,hokot ,amet aynsusuhk kisnir rula ratal nad nagnubuh atres

levon malad tapadret gnay rusnuratna naumetreP itaH auD .iniD .hN ayrak

.C ataD nalupmugneP kinkeT

nugid gnay kinkeT a .akatsup kinket halada ini naitilenep malad nak

rebmus nakanugrepmem halada akatsup kinkeT - kutnu silutret rebmus

k ,rabak tarus ,halajam dujuwreb tapad silutret rebmuS .atad helorepmem ayra

gnadnurep ukub ,haimli ayrak ,mumu nauca ukub ,artsas - ,otorbuS( nagnadnu

tapad silutret rebmus )421 :9891( gnoeloM turunem nakgnadeS .)24:2991

nad ,idabirp nemukod ,pisra irad rebmus ,haimli halajam ,ukub sata igabid

rebmuS .imser nemukod - esret rebmus id nakumetid tapad aynasaib tub

naanuggnep kamiynem nagned utiay nakanugid gnay hakgnaL .naakatsuprep

naidumek sket irad gnusgnal kamiynem itilenep ini naitilenep malad ,asahab

kinket iagabes gnadnapid tapad uti itrepes natatacneP .atad utrak malad tatacid

uS( tatac 331 :3991 ,otnayrad - S .)631 rebmu silutret levon utiay ini naitilenep

itaH auD naumetreP .iniD .hN ayrak

.D A kinkeT ataD sisilan

ek atad nakturugnem nad nakisinagrognem sesorp halada atad sisilanA

gnihes rasad naiaru nautas nad ,irogetak ,alop malad amet nakumetid tapad ag

,gnoeloM( atad naknarasid gnay itrepes ajrek sisetopih naksumurid tapad nad

ludujreb gnay naitilenep malad nakanugid gnay sisilanA .)211:9891 ,ameT

,hokoT rulA rataL nad , taH auD naumetreP levoN malad iniD .hN ayraK i


24

naijaK malad tS larutkur ispirksed sisilana halada . amatrep hakgnaL malad

rusnu sisilanagnem halada sisilana - rusnU .levon malad tapadret gnay rusnu -

id gnay rusnu ,hokot ,amet halada sisilana rula ratal nad , tubesret sisilana lisaH .

ilanagnem kutnu rasad iagabes nakanugid ubuh sis ,amet rusnuratna nagn

,hokot rula ratal nad , levon malad iniD .hN ayraK itaH auD naumetreP .


34

VI BAB

NASAHABMEP NAD NAITILENEP LISAH

.A ataD ispirkseD

)1( utiay naitilenep lisah nakrapamem naka silunep ,ini bab malaD

rusnu sisilana - usnu levon kisnirtni r itaH auD naumetreP .iniD .hN ayrak

rusnU - besret kisnirtni rusnu ,hokot ,amet nial aratna tu rula inis iD .ratal nad ,

tapme naknakenem aynah nu tapmeek anerak ajas kisnirtni rus tubesret rusnu

rusnU .lojnonem gnilap gnay - ini kisnirtni rusnu malad silunep utnabmem naka

rusnuratna nagnubuh sisilanagnem kutnu rasad iagabes nad isi imahamem

atna nagnubuh sisilana )2( .tubesret levon malad tapadret gnay kisnirtni rusnur

,hokot ,amet rula ratal nad evon malad l itaH auD naumetreP .iniD .hN ayrak

oN ludujreb ini naitilenep malad sisilanaid naka gnay lev naumetreP

itaH auD naktibretid nad namalah 88 irad iridret ini levoN .iniD .hN ayrak

levon irad sisponiS .amatU akatsuP aidemarG tibrenep helo auD naumetreP

itaH adret 1 namalah naripmal malad id tap 28.

.B sisilanA lisaH

H lisa levon malad nakumetid gnay sisilana itaH auD naumetreP ayrak

:tukireb iagabes halada iniD .hN

.1 nahokoneP nad hokoT

atirec hokot )561 :5991( orotnayigruN iulalem smarbA turuneM

(gnaro halada - ran ayrak utaus malad naklipmatid gnay )gnaro uata ,fita

nad larom satilauk ikilimem nakrisfatid acabmep helo gnay ,amard


44

apa nad napacu malad nakiserpskeid gnay itrepes utnetret nagnurednecek

T .nakadnit malad nakukalid gnay levon malad tapadret gnay hoko

itah auD naumetreP git ada saleb a cuS uB utiay ,ojrahaR ,otiksaW ,)uka( i

onraM S alapeK , haloke ,iduyhaW ,kawU ,iniR ,koneD ,gnuluS ,hisraK ,

keneN nad uruG kataW . gitek irad saleb a iagabes halada tubesret hokot

:tukireb

)a icuS uB

atok id rasaD halokeS uruG gnaroes halada aynlawa icuS uB

d aynnarihalek kanA .kana agit nad imaus ikilimem aI .idadowruP i

nad aud ek gnay nakgnades naupmerep nimalek sinejreb amatrep gnay

ikal nimalek sinejreb agitek - lekgneb haubes id ajrekeb aynimauS .ikal

id naksagut hadnipid aynimaus irah utaus adap numan idadowruP id

ameS aynimaus tuki aguj aynkana agitek nad icuS ub uti kutnu gnar

id rajagnem naidumek icuS ub ,gnarameS iD .gnarameS ek hadnip

agraulek napudihek halinis iD .halokes aynkana tapmet rasaD halokeS

.halasam kaynab imalagnem nad habureb ialum icuS ub

ap nahokoneP irad iuhatekid uata tahilid tapad icuS ub ad

.nial hokot nagned aynnapakacrep nad ,aynnarikimep ,ukal hakgnit

:tukireb iagabes halada icuS ub hokot naiarU

)1 tamroH nad hutaP

nad hutap gnay kana gnaroes kosos halada icuS uB

.aynaut gnaro itamrohgnem ap pakiS nakkujnutid icuS ub hut


54

.aynaut gnaro helo urug halokes kusam atnimid ai akitek napituK

:tukireb iagabes halada tubesret naataynrep gnukudnem gnay

raga naktahesanem ukaut gnaro ,DS sulul uka akiteK .atinaw igab kococ tagnas aynataK .urug halokes ek kusam

U rubil irah awhab ,nakhabmanem ukubi ukkujubmem kutn ihibeleM .halokes kana nagned ayngnajnap amas urug

ataK .rotnak id ajrekeb gnay gnaro - gnaro nakpacuid ini atak aynranbes gnay naajrekep iuhatgnem akerem anerak ukaut

gnaroes idajnem nigni ukA .naknigniuk .)9 .mlh( siraterkes

kapaB .aut gnaro tahesan iturunem ,hutap ukA ek irid nakratfadnem kutnu gnarameS ek uka nakratnagnem .laseynem kadit uka ataynreT .uruG nakididneP halokeS nuruk nakapurem uruG nolac narajalep itukignem asaM

akgnaneynem tama gnay utkaw .)01 .mlh( n

b hutap tafiS irad sulul ai akitek nakkujnutid aguj icuS u

ek naktujnalem nigni ai akitek utiay uruG nakididneP halokeS

IKI b aut gnaro uti utkaw adaP .P S u kutnu puggnas kadit icu

b atnimem aynrihka nad iayaibmem icuS uB .ajrekeb kutnu icuS u

up gnukudnem gnay napituK .aynaut gnaro hatnirep iturunem n

:tukireb iagabes halada sata id naataynrep

.PIKI ek naksurenem ilakes nigni uka GPS irad suluL kadit kapaB ,iadamem ukkato naupmamek nupikseM gnaro iujutesid kadit sanid narutareP .iayaibmem puggnas

us uka inik ,kapab ataK .ukaut . hakfan iracnem asib hadA iracnem kutnu ajrekeb uka kiab hibeL .gnaro agit ukkid

tapad naka uka nakparahid ,naikimed nagneD .gnauhaya nabeb naknagnirem - uka igal ilakes naD .ukubi

em kaga ataynret uti naparaH .akerem iturunem ukA .tesel tapmet naktapadnem kutnu nuhat utas uggnunem surah hunep ulales gnay ukaut gnarO .ukatok id rajagnem ulalret urug ijaG .igrep uka naknizignem kadit nagnutihrep atres nakodnop narayabmep putunem naka aynaH .hadner

licek nahutubek - lub paites licek gnalup kutnU .na .aynihabmanem surah kapab halitsap agraulek kognenem


64

nakkusamid uka apagnem alumes naujut nakub ini lahadaP .)01 .mlh( urug nakididnep ek

)2 rabaS

irad lasareb gnay atinaw gnaroes nakapurem icuS uB

em aI .anahredes agraulek .kida agit ikilim lul ai haleteS irad su

ibmem aynhaya utnabmem surah ai urug nakididnep halokes iaya

S ub uti kutnu aynagraulek utas amaleS .ajrek iracnem surah icu

ai nuhat nuhat utas amaleS .ajrek nagnowol uggnunem rabas

icuS ub aynrihka uggnunem d id naajrekep naktapadnem harea

gnukudnem gnay napituK .idadowruP id aynlaggnit tapmet

:tukireb iagabes halada tubesret naataynrep

.PIKI ek naksurenem ilakes nigni uka GPS irad suluL kadit kapaB ,iadamem ukkato naupmamek nupikseM

o iujutesid kadit sanid narutareP .iayaibmem puggnas gnar . hakfan iracnem asib hadus uka inik ,kapab ataK .ukaut iracnem kutnu ajrekeb uka kiab hibeL .gnaro agit ukkida tapad naka uka nakparahid ,naikimed nagneD .gnau

haya nabeb naknagnirem - uka igal ilakes naD .ukubiga ataynret uti naparaH .akerem iturunem ukA .teselem ka

tapmet naktapadnem kutnu nuhat utas uggnunem surah.)01 .mlh( ukatok id rajagnem

nagned nakgnidnabid raseb gnay atok nakapurem gnarameS

gnay halini naadebreP .rajagnem ulud icuS ub tapmet idadowruP

kana taubmem - lanegnem surah icuS ub kana isatpadareb nad

kana igab hadum kadiT .aynurab nagnukgnil nagned - kana

icuS ub kana ualak ajas satnaP .urab gnay laggnit tapmet lanegnem

tapmet idajnem ulud gnay idadowruP atok tagniret gnires hisam


74

gnidnabmem hisam nad aynlaggnit - es ini tahileM .nakgnidnab aum

tapmet naklanekrepmem ahasureb ai ,ajas maid kadit icuS ub

gnarameS id aynurab laggnit naaynatrep bawajnem nad aynkana

halada sata id naataynrep gnukudnem gnay napituK .rabas nagned

:tukireb iagabes

nulus atak ”,uB ,ay haub nohop kaynab hibel anas iD“ .ukg ,”nagnarakep aynup anas id hamur nakaynabek anerak“

.uktuhas ,owijilal ,kelog :macam agit ada nahalam atik hamur iD“

”?igal aynutas ,uB apa ulal kekak tapmet iD“ ,naksuretuk nad ,ukbawaJ ”.gnudaG“

”.ada aggnam sinej aumes ripmaH .igal kaynab hibel aK“ ”!anas id atik hamur irad saul hibel kekak tapmet aner

.aynnarikip isi nakataynem ukgnulus kana iD“ ayas ,atik hamur nakub uti anas id ,gnarakeS .gn

.)32 .mlh( ”!atik hamur halini gnarameS

gnay naajrekep nakub gnamem urug gnaroes idajneM

cuS ub kutnu hadum ikilimem nad agraulekreb hadus aid igalapA .i

ai halokes iD .utkaw rutagnem asib surah ai uti kutnu kana agit

dirum ipadahgnem surah - kutnu hasus nad lednab gnay ayndirum

kana nad imaus isurugnem surah hamur id nakgnades rutaid -

k kusam ilak amatreP .aynkana adap nakpadahid hadus icuS ub ajre

iuhatekid gnay otiksaW amanreb ayndirum ianegnem urab nalosrep

gnay urug iagabeS .halokes kusam kadit irah aparebeb hadus

idajret gnay apa iuhategnem surah ai akam bawaj gnuggnatreb

eD .otiksaW adap aynuhat nigni asar nagn S ub uti aynatreb icu

rabas nagned dirum adap - kadit aynlawa akerem iksem ayndirum

adap aynatreb suret icuS ub numan bawajnem uam gnay ada


84

halada sata id naataynrep gnukudnem gnay napituK .akerem

:tukireb iagabes

.ukaynat ”?otiksaW hamur anam id uhat apaiS“ adapek nakujutuk aynranebes uti naaynatreP .asaib ukarauS hurules ek gnadnap nakgnayalem ukaipateT .salek autek

dirum adapek natapmesek rebmem ,gnaur - kaT .nial dirumnagnaT .tuhaynem gnay ada - gnay ada ada kadit aguj nagnat

ek aud nakitahrepuK . nakgnucaid kisibreb kopmol - . kisib nagnaJ .anas ek kognenem halaboc ,uhat gnay apaiS ?ay“ -

”.tikas aid nagnaj arup ,alapek nakkudnunem ilabmek ukA - nagned kubis arup

dirum aparebeb ragnednem hisam uka ipateT .natatac ukubabiT .kisibreb gnilas - autek aman tubesuk abit .salek

halokes irad gnalupes otiksaW hamur ek haligreP !ojrahaR“nalaj libmas ,eros uatA !itnan - aid apagnem nakaynaT !nalaj

”!kusam kadit nahalrep nakpacuuK .tubmel nanaket irebuk uti hatnireP uka ,natuhas amirenem kadit aneraK .saget numan

akum takgnagnem .ojrahaR tapmet ek tahilem , ”?ojrahaR aY “

ikal kanA - aynhubuT .uknagnadnap iradnihgnem uti ikal ayngnipmas id nameT .irik ek ,nanak ek tusgnireb ukA .karegreb kadit repmah ayntulum ,utauses nakatagnem

.nupatak utas akrenem tapad kadit ajnem kadit apagneM“ uhat kadit umaK ?ojrahaR ,baw

”?otiksaW hamur ”.uB ,uhaT‘

”?umak taub huaj ulalreT ?ulaL“ alak ayniulalem ulales ayaS !uB kadit ,hO“ uata takgnareb u

”!gnalup . raulek aynnaragnedek nad rujuj ,gnusgnal uti nabawaJ

ek asar habmanem urtsuj numaN .rikipid apnat .uknanareharup,maid aid idat kajes apagneM - lanegnem kadit arup

!aynnawak laggnit tapmet umak hakapA ?ini amales haggnis kadit umak apagneM“

”?kusam kadit aid apagnem iuhategnem nigni kadit .irik ek ,nanak ek nadab nakkareggnem ojrahaR igal ilakeS

arem ukA .naitahrep nakhilagnem abocnem ,nahisak as ”?otiksaW iuhategnem gnay igal apaiS“

ugar nagnel agit naidumek ,aud ,utaS - ukA .nakgnucaid ugar ruluret gnay nagnel ataynret aneraK !nareh nikames tapmet iuhategnem ikalel dirum aumes repmaH .habmatreb

na namaidek .uti ka uam kadit nailak apagneM” .nikgnum asaibes pakisreb ahasureb ukA ”?aynkognenem


94

.uknanarehek naktahilrepmem apnat ,kasednem apnaT iradnihgnem salek isieS .bawajret kadit nup uti naaynatreP

.uknagnadnap gnem uhatireB !icuS ub halgnolot ,aboC !onraM“ umak apa

”.otiksaW kognenem uam kadit tahiluk idat aneraK .ojrahaR gnipmas id kudud ini diruM

kisibreb - aracibreb hadum hibel aid ilakgnarab ,kisibapur ipateT .ukadapek - ugar nup aid aynapur - pakisreb ugar

akereM .aynnamet har aek tabmatret aynakaM .akubrethaleS .nagnadnapreb gnilas - id usib napakacrep idajret halo

hakuata kited aparebeB .uggnunem ukA .aynaudek aratna .mlh( ?tinem aparebeb 52 - .)72

akitek nakkujnutid aguj icuS ub narabaseK tapadnem

k otiksaW ualak naropal .aynsalek id kumagnem nad hubma

W tiksa gnologret o kana kadit icuS ub numan lakan

otiksaW adap natapmesek nakirebmem ai urtsuj aynmukuhgnem

aracibreb kutnu nad .aynnataubrep iukagnem tapad gnay napituK

:tukireb iagabes halada tubesret naataynrep gnukudnem

W tahilem hadus uka utnip iD ud otiksa riggnip id kudsalek naped hara id ,nakoles - ukharaD .adumret salek

kiab uksafan rutagnem uka aid itakednem libmaS .parisret -.kiab

,hadner adanreb ukaynat ”?inis id umak apagnem gnadeS“.ajas asaib

gnadnamem apnat kudud pateT .bawajnem uam kadit aiDkadapek gnay apa hatne ,naped ek nakharaid aynatam u

.ayntahilid !ritawahk aumes imaK .umiracnem salek isies idat kajeS“

nagnaJ - nahalaM !nial tapmet id kumagnem umak nagnaj uam naka kadit umak ilakgnarab nakatagnem gnay ada

ijnaB ek irah paites ,igal halokes kusam lanakr”!gnicnamem

kiratuk ,aynnagnat hutnesuk ,nabawaj uggnunem apnat naD malad patet aynnagnaT .turunem aiD .iridreb ayapus aid isruk aud teresuK .rotnak ek gnednaguk aid ,uknamaggneg irad utas halas sata id nakududuk aid ,nagnipmadreb

.)28 .mlh( aynadap


05

otiksaW uggnunem nagned nakkujnutid icuS ub narabaseK

gnukudnem gnay napituK .nakaynat ai gnay naaynatrep bawajnem

:tukireb iagabes sata id naataynrep

.igal ukatak ”!idajret gnay apa nakatireC“ kutnu naksapeluk namaggneG .makgnubmem patet aiD

gnagemem ayapus aynatam nakharagnem nad aynugad aid ulal ,nagnadnapreb imak ratnebeS .ukadapek kutnu nakkagetuk ilabmek ipateT .akum nakkudnunem nataukek hurules nagned gnay natubmelek ranis nahanem

.aynitah utnip ek nakracnapuk pagnem aynbabes ragnednem nigni ukA“ taubreb umak a

kanA .uti macames - akerem ipatet atirecreb hadus nial kana ”.umnarikip irad nial akerem narikiP .umak nakub

irad raulek gnay haluti aynrihka ”,ayas kejegnem akereM“ .naharamek adan kadit ayapus ,nahalrep ayapuS .aynribib

gnednem hulul ukitaH tamilak amirenem uka anerak ,aynra .)38 .mlh( nauda utaus nakiagab uti

)3 gnayayneP

kana ignayaynem tagnas icuS uB - kubis ikseM .aynkana

tahrepmem hisam icuS ub numan nahokoneP .aynkana agitek naki

b gnay napituK .aynnarikimep iulalem naksikulid icuS u

udnem :tukireb iagabes halada tubesret naataynrep gnuk

akij gnanet hibel asarem patet uka ,rirakreb atinaw iagabeSkana isawagnem sugilakes ajrekeb tapad - rajagneM .ukkana

naipmi nakapurem ukkana halokes nagned tapmet utas iduata igap kusam ianegneM .laedi gnay rutaid tapad ,gnais

urug amasreb - utkawes hilimem uka ,asib ualaK .nial urug pukuc hadus gnulus gnaY .audek gnay ukkana nagned malad nautnab apnat pudih nakasaibuk naD .raseb

sagut nakajregnem - .)31 .mlh( utnetret sagut

ebid gnay gnayas hisak nad naitahreP tagnas icuS ub nakir

kana kutnu itrareb - nkana S ub imaus naajrekep igalapA .ay gnay icu

ub taubmem agraulek nagned lupmukreb gnaraj nad utkaw atiynem


15

icuS surah kana nakitahrepmem hibel - .aynkana icuS ub naitahreP

gnem nagned tikas aynkana akitek nakkujnutid iridnes nakratna

.taboreb kutnu aynkana ujnutid tapad tubesret naataynreP k nak

:tukireb iagabes atirec iulalem

gnay naamasrebek naktiluynem kaga ukimaus sanid utkaWgnadaK .uti nakparah imak - igap takgnareb aid gnadak

nalibmeS maj gnalup kutnu hubus mulebes .malam rotnak ek takgnareb urab ,taharitsi kahreb aid aynnakoseeK

abit ,gnais - akitek naD .ilabmek hadus eros amil maj abit kutnu iridnes naksutumem uka , mamed ukkana muleB .ajas anam retkod ek aynnakaskiremem

ib ihubmutid ayntiluk ,tabo aumes naksibahgnem kitn - kitnib.)02 .mlh( lewer nikames aid nikibmem latag asaR .harem

kujnutid icuS ub gnayaynep tafiS k hakgnit nagned na

nad aynkana tubmar tipej naklutebmem nagned utiay aynukal

gnay napituK .aynkana sipilep adap aynnagnat naksulegnem

naataynrep gnukudnem :tukireb iagabes sata id

gnay gnipmas ek sognelem ayngnadnaP .aid kiriluK gnaruk kapman tubmar id tipeJ .uktapmet irad nanawalreb nailakeS .aynnaklutebmem ahasureb ukA .aynkatel surul kadit aiD .sipilep nad sata naigabek naksuleuk uknagnat

pateT .kalegnem .ukhara ek kognenem uam kadit patet i.)32 .mlh( aynnaasarep itregnem ukA

halada icuS ub awhab nakkujnunem sata id napituK

kiab gnay ubi gnaroes icuS uB .aynkana ignayaynem nad kubis

numan urug gnaroes idajnem aynnaajrekep nagned , kadit icuS ub

gned apul ut na I .ubi gnaroes idajnem aynsag nakitahrepmem patet a

kana - b hokot nasikuleP .aynkana iulalem nakkujnutid sata id icuS u

.aynnataubrep uata aynukal hakgnit


25

)4 iludeP

naajrekep nakapurem icuS ub igab urug idajnem naajrekeP

gnay bawaj gnuggnat ikilimem gnay .aynkidid kana padahret raseb

itrepes lakan gnay ayndirum nalakanek ipadahgnem akij igalapA

adap nakpadahid hadus rajagnem icuS ub tapmeek iraH .otiksaW

narasanep icuS uB .halokes kusam kadit gnay otiksaW nalaosrep

beb hadus otiksaW apagnem uhat nigni nad kusam kadit irah apare

nagned nakkujnutid otiksaW adap icuS ub nailudepeK .halokes

namet nagned aynnapakacrep - aW namet nakaynanem nad otiks

otiksaW apagnem gnukudnem gnay napituK .halokes kusam kadit

:tukireb iagabes halada tubesret nataynrep

id uhat apaiS“ .ukaynat ”?otiksaW hamur anam adapek nakujutuk aynranebes uti naaynatreP .asaib ukarauS

ipateT .salek autek hurules ek gnadnap nakgnayalem ukarebmem ,gnaur i dirum adapek natapmesek - kaT .nial dirum

nagnaT .tuhaynem gnay ada - gnay ada ada kadit aguj nagnatkisibreb kopmolek aud nakitahrepuK . nakgnucaid - . kisib

nagnaJ .anas ek kognenem halaboc ,uhat gnay apaiS ?ay“ -”.tikas aid nagnaj

arup ,alapek nakkudnunem ilabmek ukA - nagned kubis arup dirum aparebeb ragnednem hisam uka ipateT .natatac ukub

isibreb gnilas abiT .k - .salek autek aman tubesuk abit halokes irad gnalupes otiksaW hamur ek haligreP !ojrahaR“

nalaj libmas ,eros uatA !itnan - aid apagnem nakaynaT !nalaj”!kusam kadit

nahalrep nakpacuuK .tubmel nanaket irebuk uti hatnirePrenem kadit aneraK .saget numan uka ,natuhas ami

.ojrahaR tapmet ek tahilem ,akum takgnagnem ”?ojrahaR aY “

ikal kanA - aynhubuT .uknagnadnap iradnihgnem uti ikal ayngnipmas id nameT .irik ek ,nanak ek tusgnireb

em ipmah ayntulum ,utauses nakatagn ukA .karegreb kadit ras akrenem tapad kadit .nupatak ut

uhat kadit umaK ?ojrahaR ,bawajnem kadit apagneM“”?otiksaW hamur


35

”.uB ,uhaT‘ ”?umak taub huaj ulalreT ?ulaL“

uata takgnareb ualak ayniulalem ulales ayaS !uB kadit ,hO“52 .mlh( ”!gnalup - .)62

em ajas utigeb itnehreb kadit icuS ub nauhatnignieK ai iks

namet irad otiksaW nalakanek ianegnem iuhategnem hadus - namet

otiksaW , nagned otiksaW kenen ignujnugnem kutnu ahasureb ai

nad otiksaW ianegnem isamrofni naktapadnem hibel naka naparah

.habureb kutnu aynutnabmem otiksaW adap icuS ub nailudepeK

ujnutid otiksaW susak inagnanem kutnu aynahasu nagned nakk

mem nagned utiay s alapek nad urug adap nizi atni kutnu haloke

.otiksaW kenen adap tarus nakmirignem gnukudnem gnay napituK

:tukireb iagabes halada tubesret naataynrep

sahgnem urug arap nagned uknagnacnibreP aud nakli gnay tarus mirikid naka halokes ,kahip iraD .nasutupek iraD .kusam kadit ini amales otiksaw apagnem nakaynanem aynisI .keneN is adapek tarus mirikuk naka iridnes ukkahip ukA .nalanekreb uknanigniek nakatagnem ,idabirp tagnas

rut nakkujnunem nigni ucuc ianegnem nitahirpreb tu igab anugreb ini hakapa nikay kadit ukA .ayngnulus bijaw uka salej gnaY .ayntujnales otiksaW nagnabmekrep .uksalek dirum padahret natakednep nakukalem abocnem idajnem gnay salek nagnanetek nad nagnabmieseK

gnas ukbawaj gnuggnat .ukrirak ihuragnepmem ta aggnat hamur ubi iagabes uknakududek ,uti gnipmasiD kadit uka akij kiab nagned naknalajuk tapad aynah aynaudeK .ukajrek nagnapal id natilusek nakumenem nad rajajes surah aynnial nad utaS .natiakreb gnilas

net ukitah ayapus gnabmies iuluhadnem ukA .maret rikipuk anerak ,natakednep nakukalem kutnu hakgnalem laggnit tapmet irad huaj aparebes kadit uti aut gnaro tapmet

.)33 .mlh(imak


45

salek id kumagnem gnires otiksaW apagnem nareh icuS uB

namet icnebmem nad - et d icuS ub nailudepeK .aynnam nakkujnuti

nagned dirum kajagnem - kutnu ayndirum uhat iracnem

otiksaW ipadahid gnay nahalasamrep akerem naparah nagned ,

icuS ub hokot nasikuleP .aynnakhacemem kutnu utnabmem tapad

narikimep iulalem nakkujnutid gnukudnem gnay napituK .ayn

tubesret naataynrep :tukireb iagabes halada

tapmes hisam aguj uka ,ukknana naaskiremep gnajnapeS nagned uknalanekrep ianegnem uksalek isi adapek atirecreb

kana itah akubmem abocuK .otiksaw kenen - ukkidid kana .halokes ek ilabmek ai akij otiksaW amirenem aler raga

babeS - m babes dirum icnebmem gnilap otiksaW apagne .utnetret kana tapme uata agit nad iduyhaW amanreb gnay

naasaibek iaynatuK - amasreb ,irah paites akerem naasaibek hamur ek ilabmek takgnareb nad gnatad akerem apais

gnisam - ekes imaK .pitketed naajrekep halada inI .gnisam salhuggnusreb ,gnaget sugilakes nad uarugreb - huggnus

.irusulet imak gnay nakacal nakumenem ikadnehgnemaidajek ilabmek itagnigneM - iuluhadnem gnay naidajek

padahret otiksaW nasarekek awitsirep ihaduynem nupuamdirum - S .sapuk imak utas imed utaS .uti dirum ilak paite

asegret ,kusam uka - kutnu haggnis aynah anerak aseg nasepreb uka ,tikas hamur ek ukkana ratnagnem naidumek halnaikimeD .tubesret nairacnep malad taig patet salek raga

amasreb - naidajek paites irabmelem nad itilenem imak amasnay tamilak paites nad 15 .mlh( otiksaw helo nakatakid g -

.)25

)5 kajiB

nalakanek sata nahalasek nakhalaynem kadit icuS uB

urtsuj otiksaW .otiksaW susak ipadahgnem malad kajib tagnas ai

M aynnarikimep iulale , gnaruk anerak lakan otikaW gnadnamem ai

S uB .aynaut gnaro irad naitahrep kana awhab tapadnepreb aguj icu


55

napituK .hilimem kutnu nasabebek irebid surah otiksaW aisues

:tukireb iagabes halada tubesret naataynrep gnukudnem gnay

.nabrok idajnem gnay halkana is ,otiksaW susak malaD ,kana iagabes aynpaggnagnem gnaro anerak urtsuJ akam

alages naksutumem gnay aut gnaro - nad kapaB .aynalag kana lahadaP .iridnes naanaskajibek ikilimem kadit aynubi kokop idajnem ,tabilret aiD .tasup idajnem gnay haluti lasa idajnem kilabreb asib numan naatekgnesrep

anekret gnilap gnay aid naD .naiamadrep gnuggnanem , .nial hamur ek hamur utas irad naasaibek nahadniprep rumu irad ialum lamron kana ,uktapadnep turuneM ,aY .nahilip nakutnenem upmam hadus nuhat napaled amasreb laggnit hilimem aynatid otiksaW aynsurahes

aggnaid gnay naukalrep anerak helO .apais ,uti majek aynp .aynnakkatnorebmep iskaer nakkujnunem gnusgnal aid nakhab ,rakus dirum nad kana idajnem ilabmek aiD

utkaw ihibelem - aynah kadiT .ulal halet gnay utkaw ,aynaut gnaro hamur nagnukgnil adap katnorebmem

k patet ,aynurug nad nawak atreseb halokes aguj aid ini !aynknenen nad kekak icnebmem arignem aid ilakgnaraB

irad aynignudnilem tapad kadit uti aisu tujnal nagnasap asarem aid halitsap naD .narikip apnat anam id ,natuberep halet aynkenen nad kekak paggnagnem aiD .ipes

alada otiksaW .aynitanaihkgnem kadit gnay kana h naarethajeseK .aigahab kadit ,nitab namartnetek ikilimem keneN amasreb nalub aparebeb amales aynpacekid gnay muleb gnay hadni naipmi nakapurem aynah nikgnum

kana naukaleK .ayniradasid tapmes - nad anarem gnay kanaeK .amas ilakgnires ulamep akus ,maidnep idajnem aynaud

haramep ,fiserga ,aynkilabes urtsuj uatA .iridneynem . ulales aynpakis ,nupapa naukalrep amirenem mulebeS

susak malaD .irid naknahatrepmem kutnu agais - susakkanA .uluhad hibel gnareynem nahalam sitirk - kana

get ulales uti macames raggnalem akus ulales ,gna.aynnagnukgnil id ukalreb gnay naasaibek uata narutarep

uruG - awhab atakreb uksalek gnagemem hanrep gnay urug aid aynkekak hamur id laggnit akiteK .hodob kadit otiksaw itukignem upmam gnay dirum iagabes itkub nakkujnunem

arajalep ripmah aynkeneN .ajas asaib gnay kana aid idaJ .n tahaj kana ada kadiT .akos gnabmek namanat ihaidahid .ayngnililekes id gnaro naakusek apa nakitahrepmem gnay naasaibek nagned pudih tapad otiksaW ,aynnalupmiseK

gnep nad nagnibmib ulrep aynah ,aynnagnukgnil .nahara nauhategnep ”nakitnus“ nahabmat nakulremem aynah aiD


65

nial aisunam nakayahabmem uata nakigurem kadit kutnu idajnem naka aid ,naikimed nagneD .aynnagnukgnil id

44 .mlh( aynitsemes gnay takaraysam atoggna - .)54

kajib tafiS b icuS u akitek nakkujnutid ualak iuhategnem

dirum - dirum kajagnem ai nad otiksaW iakuynem kadit ayndirum -

nakfaamem nad amirenem kutnu ayndirum nahalasek nad otiksaW

kutnu rajaleb kutnu otiksaW adap atapmesek nakirebmem

naataynrep gnukudnem gnay napituK .aynisnetpmok naktakgninem

a id :tukireb iagabes halada sat

kajauk uksalek isI .otiksaW naatirednep raseb hakgnalA nakfaamem akerem atnimuK .uknarikip nalaj itukignem abocuK .haramep nad lukumem akus gnay otiksaW

kana naknikayem - kubulid huaj awhab ukkidid kanabmem kadit otiksaW ,aynitah aid ulales gnay itrepes ,icne

kanA .iri asarem aid halai aynranebes gnaY .anakatak naknialem ,icnebid aynsurahes kadit uti macames ilakgnarab aynkiabes araC .gnolotid tutap aiD .inahisakid paggnagneM .nikgnum asaibes pakisreb nagned halai

ses nakub otiksaw aguj ipatet ,naklabeynem gnay utau ,iatnas surah salek isieS .awemitsi gnay utauses nakub

dirum ,uti gnipmas iD .iridnes uka kusamret - atnimuk dirum hariag rasebrepmeM .akerem isnetepok awij ucamem salek nagnukgnil ,uhat apaiS .isatserp iapacnem abmolreb

ed adap otiksaW naitahrep nakharagnem tapad hibel naikim nakgnutnugnem hibel uti ,aguj nupanamiagaB .narajalep

dirum igab - nakrikimem aynah otiksaW akij adapirad dirum nagnaj halai gnaluuk ulales gnay uknaseP .aynirid naadaek

ilakes - kadit asar nakkujnunem ilak otiksaW adapek akus hadus uti aynaumes ualaK .aynadapek tukat uata gnay utauses taubreb patet otiksaW numan ,nakahasuid

dirum atnim uka macnagnem - gnusgnal nagnubuhreb dirum25 .mlh( urug nagned - .)35

)6 bawaJ gnuggnatreB

gnuggnatreb gnay gnaro halada icuS uB .bawaj tafiS

aynukal hakgnit iulalem nakkujnutid icuS ub bawaj gnuggnat utiay


75

aynkana akitek icuS ub naajrekep taubmem ini nad tikas hutaj

dirum rajagnem surah igalapa kubis nikames -m .halokes id ayndiru

patet icuS uB d gnay aynkana surugnem amur id tawar i nad tikas h

aajrekep naklaggninem kadit aynn p iagabes gnay napituK .rajagne


nagnubuhreb patet uka ,ukkana isurugnem kubis nupualaWutkaW .uksalek nagned - kutnu nakanugrepuk gnay utkaw

dit ukkana ratnagnem irah ka - .nagnubmasreb gnay irah nagnabmekrep iuhategnem tapmes uka naikimed nagneD gnay nad halokes id idajret gnay nahaborep uata

dirum nagned natukgnasreb - .)05 .mlh( dirum

nakkujnutid icuS ub ikilimid gnay bawaj gnuggnat tafiS

aw igabmem upmam ai nagned gnay aynkana surugnem aratna utk

iuhategnem radekes ,ratnebes aynah iksem rajagnem patet nad tikas

gnukudnem gnay napituK .salek id ayndirum nagnabmekrep


kajes kubis gnilap gnay nalub halada uti utkaWmeS ek uknahadnipek aratna ukutkaw igabmem ukA .gnara

nad ,ukkana naaskiremep naulrepek imed tikas hamur lanegnem ialumem kutnu ukitah nasarekek imed halokes naktagnignem halokeS alapeK ilak paiteS .ukrakus dirum nasuru akij hunep irahes libmagnem kahreb uka awhab

a natahesek kawU adapek nakharsapid tapad muleb ukkan kutnU .ukutkaw igabmem asib uka ipateT .utnabmep uata

set naulrepek - set natapetek tala nakanugrepmem kadit gnay .kawU uata utnabmep amasreb laggnituk ukkana ,kirtsil

agnetes kognenem radekes ,halokes ek iralreb ukA maj hsuret naikimed nagneD .aynamal - patet uka surenem

gnuggnat idajnem gnay salek nagnabmekrep iuhategnem -.)75 .mlh( ukbawaj


85

)7 hareyneM gnatnaP

b ahasU otiksaW nalakanek ipadahgnem malad icuS u

.hareynem gnatnap icuS ub numan ,aynnaker helo gnatnetid fiS ta

kujnutid icuS ub ikilimid gnay hareynem gnatnap iulalem nak

tiay aynukal hakgnit u W raga ahasureb patet ai akitek kadit otiksa

s alapek adapek atnimem nad nakraulekid irebid raga haloke

aynkidid kana haburem nad ignipmadnem kutnu natapmesek

dirum idajnem napituK .kiab gnay - gnukudnem gnay napituk


araP .ukdirum naknahatrepmem uka hayap hasus nagneD ataynret otiksaW naraulegnep naknignignem gnay naker uka ipateT .ukgnukudnem gnay irad kaynab hibel

.nahatrebisreb reB“ uknaatnimrep haluti ”,igal nalubes utkaw ayas hali

.tapar malad .lekgnej aynaraus ,urug gnaroes ures ”!nalubeS“ ilakgnarab ,sibah nalub utas utkaw mulebes ,uti aratnemeS“ !adnA salek rakabmem aid igal irah agit uata koseb

”!atik halokes rakabmeM bmanem ukA :naalebmep nakha

aratnaid ,hamur id utauses idajret halet halitsaP“ uata aynagraulek

aynnaharameK .mareg idajnem aid aggnihes salekidnaksaipmalid

aynnagnukgnil ,atik adapek kadit ualak apais adapekapad gnay aut gnaro ikilimem kadit aid aneraK ?takedret t

”!ayntakedret nagnukgnil iagabes ayntubesid gnuggnanem gnay atik ,haram aid ilak paites ualaK“ kadiT !lida kadit uti ,aynnabrok idajnem atik ,ayntabika atik saguT !mulukiruk nupuam margorp malad kusamret

”!rajagnem m tapec uka ”,sagut ianegnem aracibreB“ anerak ,aleyne

nakaratugnem natapmesek tapadnem itah gnanesreb ulalret aguj atik sagut arik ayaS“ .nakididnep ianegnem ukitah isi

dirum gnolonem kusamret - repmah amaleS .rakus dirumgnuggnatreb ayas gnarakesnalub agit repmah ay ,nalub agit -

salek naka bawaj ialum asarem ayas ,ini dirum nad


95

naikimed aguj aid ilakgnaraB .aid itregnem nad lanegnem nakulremem hisam audreb imak ipateT .ayas padahret

”.igal utkaw taubuk araus adaN .halokeS alapeK haraek helonem ukA

raneb - :itah hadner raneb om ayaS !kaP ,nalub utaS“ ”!igal nalub utas irebid noh

.)96 .mlh(

)8 hadabireB taaT

.hadabireb taat gnay gnaro kosos halada icuS uB nasikuleP

mulebes utiay aynukal hakgnit iulalem nakkujnutid icuS ub hokot

.uluhad hibelret hadabireb ai rudit gnukudnem gnay napituK

sata id naataynrep :tukireb iagabes nakiaruid

napadahreb gnusgnal kadneh uka ,rudit ilabmek mulebeS kutnu dujahaT gnayhabmes nakukalem ukA .aiD nagned

gnaret nalaj iracnem )74 .lah( .

kadit otiksaW uti irah anerak rukuysreb icuS uB

aataynrep gnukudnem gnay napituK .kumagnem nakiaruid sata id n

:tukireb iagabes

adneb uata ,kolog uata ,uasip nakuma apnat ulalreb uti iraH gnaiS !aynnial majat tamales nagned ilabmek abit utkawes

tubeynem rukuysreb uka ,agraulek hamur pata hawab idnahuT aman )27 .lah( .

)b otiksaW

es halada otiksaW ikal kana gnaro - naitahrep gnaruk gnay ikal

,aynaut gnaro irad gnayas hisak gnaruk aneraK .aynaut gnaro irad

Wa tafis ikilimem aI .aynhalokes id lakan gnay kana idajnem otiks

namet ilukumem akus nad haram akus ,katnorebmep - aynnamet

helo icnebid aid aggnihes namet - .halokes id aynnamet


06

icuS ub narikip iulalem iuhatekid tapad otiksaW nahokoneP

gnay napituK .otiksaw nagned icus ub aratna napakacrep nad

:tukireb iagabes halada tubesret nataynrep gnukudnem

)1 naitahreP gnaruK

naitahrep gnaruk gnay kana halada otiksaW gnaro irad

tafiS .aynhalokes id urug icuS ub helo nakatakid ini lah aynaut

:tukireb iagabes napituk iulalem iuhatekid tapad otiksaw

nagnaretek iraD - kiranem uka ,tapaduk gnay nagnaretekarupreb kadit otiksaW awhab nalupmisek - hakgniT .arup

uggnusreb aynukal h- tapad kadit nupiksem huggnus helo gnorodid aynnagnanetek uata naharameK .nakranebid ,ayntakedret nagnukgnil naitahrep nagnarukek gnay itah

urug adapek aynkenen atirec turuneM .agraulek utiay - ,urug .rihal aynkida ,nuhat hagnetes utas rumureb muleb akitek nahusa atres naitahrep nakhapmunem aynubi ajas gnusgnaL kana idajnem radas otiksaW ilakgnaraB .audek kana adapek ilakgnires ,hamur id gnaraj aynkapaB .nakhisisret gnay gnalup ualaK .iregen raulek nakhab atok raulek naigrepreb

helo awabmem ulales - kiaB .helo malad nanakam apureb niakap alup utigeB .hawem naniamrep nupuam gnelak

iagabes ramaynem kutnu pakgnel ,yobwoc nad naidnI gnaronial - aggnab ulales otiksaW .sugab abres aynaumeS .nial

nawak adapek aynnakremamem - .halokes id aynnawakapur ,ipateT - dneb aynapur gnaruk tubesret hawem a

aud uata utas naknignignem hibel aiD .aynnakulrepid uata ,aynalapekid napasU .aynkapab irad sinam tamilak ilabmek hayA is alibapA .naubiek naitahrep hunep gnadnap .aynimalaid gnay apa nakatirecnem otiksaw ,rotnak irad

i kana tamilaK akubmem hadus aynkapab ,iaseles muleb ut atnim otiksaW ualaK .acabmem ialum ulal ,rabak tarus

RP itilenem aynkapab ayapus - tuhaynem kapab is ,ayn id hubmut uti kana ,naikimed arac nagneD .epac ulalret

tikides utkaw nakirebmem kadit gnay aut gnaro nagnukgnil .)13 .mlh( aid taub nup


16

)2 hutaP kadiT

ub akiteK .gnakgnabmem akus gnay tafis ikilimem otiksaW

tafiS .turunem kadit nad kalonem ulales ai hatniremem icuS

icuS ub nagned aynnapakacrep iulalem iuhatekid tapad otiksaw

:tukireb iagabes

nipreb ,turunem aumeS ukgnab ek had - gnay ukgnab aid ,otiksaW narilig adap iapmas akiteK .kujnutuk

:hatnabmem .)45 .mlh( ”!ajas inis id ayaS !uB ,kadiT“

tapmet itnag umak atnim ayas ini irah ialuM !hisraK“ ukgnab itapmenem ,ujam otiksaW .gnakaleb id kudud

udud umak idaJ !hisraK !icuS uB akum id ,naped gnilap kuruG - ayas ini irah ialum awhab naksutumem urug

alages naka aynhunepes nad gnusgnal bawaj gnuggnatreb utauses taubreb umak ualaK !otiksaW ,nakajrek umak gnay

nawak uata iridnes umak nakayahabmem gnay ,ijek gnay -g atres nawak !aguj umaK !nakraulekid icuS uB ,umuru

nad sat nakpaiynem hisraK amanreb gnay diruMkutnu agais aiD .ayngnarab .gnakaleb ukgnab tered ek igrep

,kudnunem akuM .karegreb kadit otiksaW tahiluk ipateT aynukgnab ajem id akubret gnay silut ukub patanem .mlh(

07 - .)17

)3 lakaN

namet nakayahabmem otiksaW nalakaneK - id aynnamet

.akulret iapmas aynnamet taubmem ini aynnalakanek nakhab ,salek

tid tapad otiksaW nahokoneP S ub napakacrep iulalem nakkujnu icu

id naataynrep gnukudnem gnay napituK .salek id ayndirum nagned

sata :tukireb iagabes halada

rakgnetreB ?tulegreb nailaK ?aynidajret anamiagaB“”? ihalekreb naidumek

”!uB ,kadiT‘ ”!lukupid ulaL !rakgnetreb gnamem ,ayas ualaK“

abiT .uB ,naklaosrepid gnay ada apnat ilak nakaynabeK -lap gnaY .lukumem uata tucemem aid ajas abit gnires gni


26

arup aid uti haduseS .lagejnem - ojrahaR ”!uhat kadit arup.tujnal hibel ropalem inareb ialum

.nakatakuk aynkiabes gnay hakapa rikipreB .maidret ukA ukA .uknaaynatrep bawajnem gnay ada kadit taaseS

tet anasaus raga nakahasuuK .gnililekes gnadnamem padiruM .akubret - asaulel asarem patet surah dirum

arac nagned aynah aneraK .akerem itah isi nakraulegnem .uti otiksaW apais iuhategnem hibel naka uka naikimed

ropal surah ,haradreb akul ada ualak ,narutarep turuneM“.igal ukatak ”,halokeS alapeK adapek

“ rasebes kakgneb ayneroS .lukupid ayas ihad ,ilak utaS.aynnamalagnep nakatirecnem dirum gnaroeS ”!rulet

”?umaut gnaro atak apA“ ”.uB ,hutaj gnalib ayaS“

”?atsudreb apagneM“ ”.halokes id rakgnetreb anerak iharamid tukat ayaS“

gnilap gnay na sala uti gnameM itah nakgnanenem hadum adap aneraK .aynragnednem gnanes kaga ukA .aut gnaro

kana ,aynmumu - tapadnem akus aid rasebes kana.urug uata nawak lukupid akij udagnem natapmesek ”?otiksaW nagned nasurureb hanrep gnay igal apaiS“

utab irapmelid ayaS“ - uB ,raseb utab .anek kadit gnutnU . id haram anek ayaS .hacep ayas adepes upmal ipateT

82 .mlh( ”!hamur - .)92

akus aI .aynsalek id kurub naasaibek ikilimem otiksaW

namet uggnaggnem - otiksaW ukal hakgniT .aynsalek id namet

kujnutid tapad k apituK .icuS ub naataynrep helo na gnay n

:tukireb iagabes halada tubesret nataynrep gnukudnem

iraH - naidajek nagned lusuynem ayntujnales irah - naidajek nalakanek iagabes tubesid tutap nad hemer aynaumes ,nial

hagnetid ,aynlasiM .kana - ragnedret ,narajalep utkaw hagnettnebes licek adneb araus otiksaW halutI .hutaj gnerelek ku

nawak uggnaggnem - .rupak irapmelem nagned aynnawakilakreb haleteS - inareb naupmerep dirum gnaroes ,ilak

:nahulek nakatagnem !otiksaW ,hA“ !ini umak apagneM .)65 .mlh( ”


36

)4 harameP

adakret haram akus tafis ikilimem otiksaW akus aid gn

abit nagned kumagnem - otiksaW hokot nasikuleP .abit kujnutid k na

b napakacrep iulalem ayndirum gnaroes halas nagned icuS u

:tukireb iagabes aynukal hakgnit nagned

abiT - uruG .haboreb naadaek abit - taharitsireb gnades uruggnecnol uggnunem ,rotnak id oeS .ilabmek kusam gnar

hagneret ukdirum - atad hagne :uresreb gnusgnal ,gn uam aiD !komagnem aiD !uB ,hubmak otiksaW !icuS uB“

”!salek rakabmem urug ,kareg ilakes nagneD - nairalreb uka nad ikalel urug

tapmes safan nagnalihek ,nalaggnitek ukA .uksalek ujunem:atireb awabmep is dirum adapek aynatreb

?haram aid nakbabeynem gnay apA ?utigeb apagnem“”?rakgnetreb nailaK

raulek uam kadit aiD“ .sarek uti kana hatnab ”!uB ,kadiT“ ,ayninamenem uam nawak aparebeb nad iduyhaW .taharitsi

as aynidaT .raulek uam kadit aguj tuki ay - aynah ipat ,tuki ayaS !idajret gnay apa igal uhat kadiT .raulek suret ratnebes otiksaW ragnedret huaj irad ,licek ramak irad ilabmek

kairetreb - uka :aynataK !uB ,amas luteB !ulud itrepes kairetalek kusam ayaS !aumes nailak icneb ukA !icneb tiksaW ,s o

gnitnug nakgnodonem abit utigeB !anam irad hatne - ,abit76 .mlh( ”!rotnak ek iral ,kilabreb ayas - .)86

nakkujnutid otiksaW ikilimid gnay nial haramep tafiS

namanat kasurem nad salek malad id kumagnem ai akitek

naataynrep gnukudnem gnay napituK .naabocrep halada sata id

:tukireb iagabes

uka ipatet ,nakiynubid amal kaga hadus gnecnol uti iraH akiteK .rotnak id nagnidnur utas halas malad iaseles muleb

.uktagecnem iduyhaW ,salek ujunem nalajreb uka aynrihka .aynnauhatirebmep haluti aynah ”!uB ,otiksaW“

uc ipaT igalapA .tujekret anerak kajnolret uknikibmem puk tapecrepmem libmaS .sarek rabedreb ukgnutnaJ !ini

:aynatreb uka hakgnal ”?aid igal apagneM“


46

uka rabas kadiT .hikikret awatret iduyhaW ragneduK.ukdirum ignadnamem ukgnipmas ek helonem

ak namanaT .uB ,kadiT“ ”!kasurid im hisam ukadad ipateT .safan alehgnem ukA !haaaaaaH

.hudag katedreb toP ?anam namanaT“ - gnipmas iD ?salek tudus id top

”?utnip nad gnais id salek isawagnem gnay urug nagned takapeS namanat isireb top aparebeb naklaggninem uka ,irah eros

leS .saih anugreb aguj ,irsa nad kujes idajnem salek nia nad kiabes nagnukgnil nagned dirum nakasaibmem kutnu

.nikgnum namaynes id nakkatel atik igap idat gnay naabocrep namanaT !nakuB“

”!sanap anek ayapus alednej ”?aumeS ?itubaciD“

,gnaro aparebeb naaynupek aynaH“ ”!ayngnelak gnitnabidgnelak tahilem uka ,salek id iapmas - kadit gnay gnelak

kajniid naknialem ,gnitnabid aynah - kesgnir etoyeP .kajnitalkoc hanaT !nadab tareb nahidnit nad utapes sakeb - matih

sanuT .nakaresreb kupup rupmacreb - urab gnay sanuthatap hubmut - ap malaD .anas id gnatab ,inis id nuaD .hat

nad gnelak aynah halgnutnu nairidnes atakreb uka itah lukupid gnay nial dirum nakuB !nakrucnahid gnay namanat

kajniid uata - ,ukgnadnap nakradeuK !kikecid uata kajni08 .mlh( natahilek kadit otiksaW - .)18

a id napituK gnay otiksaW nalakanek nakkujnunem sat

ukal hakgniT .katnorebmem akus nad haramep tafis ikilimem

padahret lasek aynirid asarem aid taas nakukalid ulales ini otiksaW

namet - aynratikes nagnukgnil adap aynnaksaipmalem nad aynnamet

nasikuleP .aynnamet adap uata nakrasadreb otiksaW hokot

napituk - .aynukal hakgnit iulalem nakkujnutid sataid napituk

)5 fitaerK

aid aynranebes numan ,lakan gnay tafis ikilimem otiksaW

.fitaerk nad kiab gnay kana kosos halada otiksaw fitaerk tafiS

akitek nakkujnutid es nakajregnem otiksaW gnay sagut iridn


56

gnay napituK .sugab aynlisah nakhab icuS ub helo nakirebid


apip taub gnabol naktakelem kutnu irtap gnakut ek nailaK“”?ini

malad kusamret gnay iduyhaW atak ”!uB ,kadiT“.uti kopmolek

W“ ”.iridnes tala iaynupmem otiksa nahaB“ - .naagirucek hunep ukaynat ”?aid irad aynnahab

atak ”,lepmetid gnay gnes nagnotop irebmem otiksaW“.nial dirum

ataK ”,uB ,naharulek id atnim gnay ayas ,ayngnelaK“ tapmet gnakaleb id kupmutreb tahil ayaS“ .igal iduyhaw

gnip niamreb imak - madamep nahital sakeb uluD .gnop uka ”?majnipid uata atnimiD“ ”.gnupmak id narakabek

kana awhab nikay muleb hisam - taubreb kadit ukkidid kana surah majnip ualaK“ .ihalaynem gnay utauses akerem igal nahital ualak kaleK .nakilabmekid

narukek ”!nag ”!uB ,ilakes kaynab hisam anas iD“

idajnem aynuger amasreb otiksaW ajrek lisah ,atak kednePurug ,taharitsi utkaw iD .salek isies nanotnot - nial urug

kutnu nalipmaretek gnaur ek gnatad nakulremem amasreb ukrakus dirum awhab iridnes nakataynem

kopmolek kutnU .kiab nagned ayrakreb upmam ayngnelak raga naksutumem halokeS alapeK ,ayntujnales -

kutnu uti gnaur id napmisid aynapip amasreb gnelak56 .mlh( nadalet nakidajid - .)66

akitek nakkujnutid aynnial fitaerk tafiS m otiksaW tapadne

,icuS ub irad urab sagut kana nagned kopmolekreb aid ini ilak

.naupmerep d ,fitaerk tagnas aiD uti kopmolek ajrek lisah ira

gnukudnem gnay napituK .aynaumes gnacnarem gnay otiksaW


harajes malad kiab gnay awitsirep nakapurem uti naidajeKam igaB .uti urab halokes id takgnis hisam gnay ukajrek as

dirum - halaynhuggnuses itkub nakidajnem iridnes dirum aguj aiD .anugreb kadit gnay ”tahaj kana“ nakub otiksaW

kana itrepes - kutnU .ipar ajrekeb tapad nahalaM .nial kanaaggnem nagned ,gnatadnem edoirep uata nagnasap itn


66

gnisam ,kopmolek atoggna - taubmem iharesuk gnisam irad nikibid tapad ,aynnahab haresreT .gnaanib nubek naktapmetuk otiksaW uti ilaK .sipit uyak uata labet satrek irad hibel . naupmerep kaynab hibel gnay kopmolek malad

h ,naidumek nakep aud .nakawecegnem kadit aguj aynlisagnataniB - irabmagid uata gnitnugid ,kutnebid gnay gnatanib

anraw nagned - gnay irad sugab hibel ,iauses tac inrawkopmolek helo taubid - kana ataK .nial kopmolek - kana

gnatanib natapmenep gnacnarem gnay otiksaW ,uti atinaw -tanib sata id hudetreb tapmet uata gnekgnarek atreseb gna

.ui igesrep retem hagnetes naukureb skelpirt naakumrepdiruM - nad tacegnem utnabmem turut aynah nial dirum

imak salek id otiksaW naridahek igal ilakeS .gnitnuggnemnamet aratna id nakukalid - b ukA .aynnamet rane - raneb

nalajm nahuT uhat irebid halet imak anerak rukuysreb kana itakednem kutnu nakanugrepid tapad gnay anam

.)76 .mlh( uti rakus lanekret gnay ukkidid

napituK - gnay otiksaW tafis nakkujnunem sata id napituk

b narikimep iulalem nakkujnutid p nad icuS u nagned aynnapakacre

dirum - .ayndirum

)6 gnakekreT

aynnataigek alageS .gnakekret gnay kana halada otiksaW

.nataigek nakukalem malad sabeb kadit ai ,aynaut gnaro helo rutaid

iagabes halada tubesret nataynrep gnukudnem gnay napituK

:tukireb

,nial natapmesek adaP gnay apa iuhategnem lisahreb uka nakepes amales solobmem aid akitek aynnakajrekid halet rameg aiD !lanakrajnaB id gnicnamem aid aynataK .hunep

irah ualaK .gnicnamem ilakes - aid narubil uata uggnim irah babeS .kalotid ulales ,aynaut gnaro adapek nizi atnim uti

!igal nizi atnim kadit aid ”?nakhelobrepid kadit apagnem“

.ukrakus dirum tuhas ”!uhat kadiT“ ”?uti nagnaral nasala nakgnarenem kadit akereM“

”!kadiT“ alibapa aynasaiB .hena uti nakadnit ,uktapadnep turuneM

ejid surah ,iujutesid kadit nataubrep utauses babes naksal -


76

ilakreb uti kana akij ilauceK .aynbabes - taubreb ilak akam ,uti amas gnay nagnaral gnajrenem nagned nahalasek

.aynnial ratnemok ada apnaT !kadit :atakreb aut gnaro hutajret umak ritawahk umaut gnaro anerak ilakgnaraB“

,tuynah uaa ,iagnus malad ”?naakalecek tapadnem uata ay ,helob kadit atakreb hadus ualak akereM ”!uB ,hatnE“ kadit ayas apagnem ,aynatreb ulales ayas uluD !helob kadit

nawak itrepes - nakraibmem akerem aut gnarO ?nial nawakanam ek naadepesreb akerem - ,narubil utkaw iD .anam

id akerem ayas ualaK .huaj ikak nalaj ,gnunug kian nakniziamasreb ajas itnaN :bawajid ,tuki uam - ,agraulekes amas

”!gnepoK ek ,nagnudnaB ek libomkian ikal kanA .maidret ukA - itrepes rakek nadabreb ikal

amasreb natapmolreb ,karegreb nigni ajas utnet otiksaWnamet - amet nasabebek ,aut gnaro amasreb ualak !aynn

nup aynnial aynnaaribmegeK .satabret itsap karegreb!nanialreb

amasreb naigrepeb hanrep kadit umak idaJ” - namet amas -”?umayabes namet

ugar itrepeS .ratnebes itnehreb ulal ,ayntuhas ”!uB ,kadiT“ -habmanem aynrihka ugar irucnem ualak ilauceK“ ,nak - iruc”.solobmem utkaw itrepes

”?igrep umak apais nagned ,solobmem ualaK“ kana nagned“ - kajaid uam gnay ajas apaiS .gnupmak kana

”.namet taub ayntafis rakus nad ukak naikimeD !gnalam gnay otiksaW

!namet nagnarukek gnamem id anerak ”?iagnus ek hutaj amapmueS ?gnanereb asib umaK“

helo helob kadit ipat ,gnanereb rajaleb nigni ayas uluD“gnarO .rotok ulales mumu gnaner malok aynataK .ubi -

uggnut suraH .anas id ayniagabes nad gnicnek adap gnaro67 .mlh( ”.iridnes malok nikib imak iapmas - .)77

)c keneN

tafis ikilimem keneN .retkod gnaroes halada otiksaW keneN

nakkujnutid kenen nahokoneP .otiksaW adap naitahrep nad ,gnayaynep

.ayukal hakgnit nad aynnarikimep iulalem keneN ikilimid gnay tafiS

:tukireb iagabes utiay

)1 gnayayneP


86

as otiksaW keneN iksaW ignayaynem nad iatnicnem tagn .ot

W akitek nakkujnutid ini laH tikrap gnurub naknignignem otiksa

nagned nakkujnutid keneN nahokoneP .aynnakilebmem kenen nad

gnukudnem gnay napituK .icuS ub nagned aynnapakacrep

tukireb iagabes halada sata id naataynrep :

aiD .tikrap gnurub iaynupmem nigni nakatagnem otiksaW“ .aynikilimem aynsalekes namet awhab atirecreb gnires

gnadaK - uhat imak nad ,anas ek niamreb imak ucuc gnadak ,iridnes ayngnau nagned ilebmem kutnU .uti kana apais

ti gnuruB .iapacnem muleb aynnagnubat ,laham pukuc u gnidnureb aynkekak ulaL .nagnasapreb ilebid aynkiabes

abiT .ayas nagned - malad anugreb hibel asarem ayas abit huragnepret ayas imaus anerak ilakgnaraB !gnej ,ini pudih

naker helo uata ,rumu helo - kaynab gnay aynnakernalaosrep malad iuhategnem kana - imak ,halutigeB .kana

udreb a otiksaW lasa ,tikrap gnurub nakilebmem naka ujutes surah aiD .aynnaarahilemep iridnes surugnem ijnajreb

rebmem i ek takgnareb mulebes namunim nad nanakam .ayniagabes nad nagnuruk nakhisrebmem eros ,halokes

puggnas otiksaW .)24 .mlh( gnej ,utigeb ,haN .

iulalem nakkujnutid aguj keneN gnayaynep tafiS

ikimep b nagned atirecreb akitek aynnar .icuS u urahret keneN

aynadap haidah nakirebmem naka otiksaW ualak ragnednem akitek

otiksaW imuicnem nad kulemem gnusgnal ai nad s keneN . tagna

N nahokonep ,aynucuc ignayaynem nagned nakkujnutid kene

:tukireb iagabes icuS ub nagned aynnapakacrep

uti aynnairebemep nupualaW .gnej ,kiab gnay kana aiD“ !aynasar aigahab tagnas hadus ayas ,amiret ayas muleb

ret nairebmep duskam nakatagnem ai akiteK ,tubes ayas haluti ilak uraB .imuic nad kulep ayas gnusgnal

ugar kadit gnay aynnagnel nalukgnar asarem - .tare nad ugar itnag uam hanrep kadit ,muic ayas ualak ,uluD id ajas ialukret aynnagnaT .aynnagnayasek nakkujnunem

.)34 .mlh( ”.hubut gnipmas


96

)d okeS alapeK hal

.hamar nad kajib ,saget tafis iaynupmem halokeS alapeK

okoneP k nah nad aynnapakacrep iulalem naksikulid halokes alape

.aynukal hakgnit nahokoneP iulalem iuhatekid tapad halokes alapek

tafis - :tukireb tafis

)1 hamaR

b naklanekrepmem halokeS alapeK pek icuS u dirum ada -

halada sata id naataynrep gnukudnem gnay napituK .aynurab dirum

:tukireb iagabes

amales“ .dirum arap adapek aynatak ”,icuS uB inI“ ,gnanet halahasureB .gnubagid salek aud ,irah aparebeb nailak awhab icuS uB adapek nakkujnuT .lakan nagnaj

kana - ana kana hutapes aguj raseb atok k - licek atok kana nuhat hulupes rajagnem hadus icuS uB anam id idadowruP

.)42 .mlh( ”.aynamal

)2 kajiB

otiksaW adapek natapmesek nakirebmem halokeS alapeK

irad aynnakraulegnem kadit nad kiab idajnem habureb kutnu

ikuleP .halokes iulalem nakkujnutid halokeS alapeK hokot nas

atubesret naataynrep gnukudnem gnay napituK .icuS ub narikimep

:tukireb iagabes halada

halokeS alapeK nad naker arap amal hisaM alapeK naidumeK .uti uknaatnimrep nakgnabmitrepmem

didneP rajagnep iagabes halokeS alisacnaP laroM naki irad tamilak aparebeb ritiynem aiD .rihka atak nakumenem

uruG .aynajem id ada ulales gnay nagnagep ukub - nial urug kah irebid surah kana paites awhab hatnabmem asib kadit ilakgnaraB .aynnaurilekek uata nafalihkek ikiabrepmem

sam otiksaW satabret gnay utkaw kutnu amiretid tapad hi.)07 .mlh(


07

)3 kalaG

tafis nahokoneP .kalag gnay tafis ikilimem halokeS alapeK

halokeS alapeK b naataynrep iulalem nakkujnutid napituK .icuS u

:tukireb iagabes halada sata id naataynrep gnukudnem gnay

murek kased ukA .utnip id notnonem gnay dirum nanu nad katnebmem libmas ujam halokeS alapeK tahiluK ,salek akum id iridreb otiksaW .notnonep arap kidrahgnem

ukgnab natered ignakalebmem - aid gnameM .ukgnab alapeK arauS .akubret kadit ipatet ,gnitnug gnagemem

leggnem halokeS :rage .)86 .mlh( ”!otiksaW ,uti gnitnuG nakireB“

)e ojrahaR

ikilimem ojrahaR .otiksaW salek id salek autek halada ojrahaR

id naataynrep gnukudnem gnay napituK .tukanep nad rujuj gnay tafis

:tukireb iagabes halada sata

)1 rujuJ

ojrahaR P .rujuj gnay kana halada R hokot nasikule ojraha

kkujnutid b nagned aynnapakacrep nagned na gnay napituK .icus u

:tukireb iagabes halada sata id naataynrep gnukudnem

halokes gnalupes otiksaW hamur ek haligreP !ojrahaR“nalaj libmas ,eros uata ”?itnan - apagnem nakaynaT !nalaj

amal aid ”!kusam kadit nahalrep nakpacuuK .tubmel nanaket irebuk uti hatnireP uka ,nstuhas amirenem kadit aneraK .saget numan

.ojrahaR tapmet ek tahilem ,akum takgnagnem ”?ojrahar aY“

ikal kanA - aynhubuT .uknagnadnap iradnihgnem uti ikalrik ek ,nanak ek tusgnireb ayngnipmas id nameT .i

em ipmah ayntulum ,utauses nakatagn ukA .karegreb kadit r.nup atak utas akrenem tapad kadit


”.uB ,uhaT“


17

”?umak taub huaj ulalret ulaL“ lalem ulales ayaS !uB ,kadit ,hO“ takgnareb ualak ayniu

)62 .mlh( ”!gnalup uata .

bawajnem ai nagned nakkujnutid ojrahaR hokot rujuj tafiS

ep aumes b helo nakratnolid gnay naaynatr gnay napituK .icuS u

:tukireb iagabes sata id naataynrep gnukudnem

treB ?tulegreb nailaK ?aynidajret anamiagaB“ rakgne”?ihalekreb naidumek

”!uB ,kadiT“ abiT .uB , nalaosrep apnat ilak nakaynabeK“ - aid ajas abit

.lagejnem gnires gnilap gnaY .lukumem uata tucememarup aid uti haduseS - inareb ialum ojrahaR ”!uhat kadit arup

.)82 .mlh( tujnal hibel ropalem

napituK - pituk hokot nasikulep nakkujnunem sata id na

jrahaR b nagned aynnapakacrep iulalem o .icuS u

)f iduyhaW

es naksalejnem aI .rujuj gnay kana iduyhaW naaynatrep aum

b nakaynatid gnay nakkujnutid iduyhaW hokot nasikuleP .icuS u

lalem b nagned aynnapakacrep iu utiay icus u k sagut tapadnem akite

pmolek b adap naksalejnem ai ,ko aynkopmolek sagut gnatnet icuS u

halada sata id naataynrep gnukudnem gnay napituK .otiksaW nagned

:tukireb iagabes

”?ini apip taub gnabol naktakelem kutnu irtap gnakut ek nailaK uyhaW atak ”!uB ,kadiT“ kopmolek malad kusamret gnay id

.uti ”.iridnes tala iaynupmem otiksaW“

nahaB“ - .naagirucek hunep ukaynat ”?aid irad aynnahab dirum atak ”,lepmetid gnay gnes nagnotop irebmem otiksaW“

.nial


27

iduyhaw ataK ”,uB ,naharulek id atnim gnay ayas ,ayngnelaK“S“ .igal niamreb imak tapmet gnakaleb id kupmutreb tahil aya

gnip - id narakabek madamep nahital sakeb uluD .gnop nikay muleb hisam uka ”?majnipid uata atnimiD“ ”.gnupmak

kana awhab - gnay utauses taubreb kadit ukkidid kana .nakilabmekid surah majnip ualaK“ .ihalaynem ualak kaleK

”!nagnarukek akerem igal nahital 56 .mlh( ”!uB ,ilakes kaynab hisam anas iD“ - .)66

)g onraM

tafis ikilimem onraM .otiksaW salekes namet halada onraM

.rujuj ipatet tukanep M hokot nasikuleP ra n iulalem nakkujnutid o

hakgnit ed aynnapakacrep nad ukal b nagn .icuS u

)1 tukaneP

.narasanep icuS ub taubmem salek id onraM ukal hakgniT

ek nakaynanem aynrihka icuS uB .otiksaW ianegnem onraM adap

akkujnutid onraM hokot tukanep tafiS aynnapakacrep iulalem n

b nagned .icuS u sata id naataynrep gnukudnem gnay napituK


umak apagnem uhatireB !icuS uB halgnolot ,aboC !onraM“”.otiksaw kognenem uam kadit

tahiluk idat aneraK .ojrahaR gnipmas id kudud ini diruMkisibreb - aracibreb hadum hibel aid ilakgnarab ,kisib

apur ipateT .ukadapek - r nupaid aynapur uga - pakisreb ugar gnilas akerem .aynnamet hara ek tabmatret aynataM .akubret

haloeS .nagnadnapreb - aratna id usib napakacrep idajret halo aparebeb hakapa ,kited aparebeB .uggnunem ukA .aynaudek aynaraus ,onraM nabawaj ragnedret naidumeK ?tinem

j ipat hadner .sale .)72 .mlh( ”.uB ,tukaT“

)h iniR

iniR nahokoneP .otiksaW salek id naupmerep awsis halada iniR

aynnapakacrep nagned nakkujnutid .aynnawak nagned salek malad id

tafis iulalem tahilid tapad iniR nahokoneP - :tukireb tafis


37

)1 rujuJ

nid hanrep ualak ukagnem iniR tafiS .otiksaW helo ilaka

.salek id aynnawak adapek aynnaukagnep nagned nakkujnutid iniR

iagabes halada sata id naataynrep gnukudnem gnay napituK

:tukireb

haloes ,nup huaj adareb uka ualak ulales ,aguj ukA“ - haloynnatebas anek kutnu uka iracnem ajagnes aid iniR ”a

. )03 .mlh( aynnawak adap udagnem gnadnap nakharagnem

)i koneD

halas aguj aI .otiksaW salek id naupmerep awsis halada koneD

.otiksaW nalakanek irad nabrok utas tahilid tapad koneD nahokoneP

tafis iulalem - :tukireb tafis

)1 rujuJ

D nahokonep tafiS id kone aynnapakacrep iulalem nakkujnut

:tukireb iagabes salek malad id

niam hanrep kadit imaK !naupmerep kana imak igalapA“ kuteleynem gnakaleb id kudud gnay koneD ”!aid nagned

.)03 .mlh( nahalrep

)j )icuS uB kanA( gnuluS

gnulus gnay icuS ub kanA l nimalek sinejreb ika - .ikal

.icuS ub nagned aynnapakacrep iualem nakkujnutid gnulus nahokoneP

d sitirk icuS ub gnuluS kanA ek aynnarikip nakiapmaynem mala adap

aynlaggnit tapmet idadowruP atok nakgnidnabmem aiD .icuS ub

nlaggnit tapmet idajnem gnay gnarameS atok nagned uluhad ay


47

iagabes halada sata id naataynrep gnukudnem gnay napituK .gnarakes

:tukireb

.ukgnulus atak ”,uB ,ay haub nohop kaynab hibel anas iD“ ,”nagnarakep aynup anas id hamur nakaynabek anerak“

.uktuhas lal ,owijilal ,kelog :macam agit ada nahalam atik hamur iD“ u

”?igal aynutas ,uB apa hibel kekak tapmet iD“ ,naksuretuk nad ,ukbawaJ ”.gnudaG“

”.ada aggnam sinej aumes ripmaH .igal kaynab kana ”!anas id atik hamur irad saul hibel kekak tapmet aneraK“

.aynnarikip isi nakataynem ukgnulus iD“ atik hamur nakub uti anas ayas , gnarameS id ,gnarakeS .gn

.)32 .mlh( ”!atik hamur halini

)k hisraK

.icuS ub salek id naupmerep dirum halada hisraK hisraK

nagned kudud tapmet rakutreb surah akitek icuS ub hatnirep iturunem

:tukireb iagabes tafis ikilimem hisraK hokoT .otiksaW

)1 hutaP

akitek nakkujnutid hisraK hokot hutap tafiS icuS uB

otisraW nagned kudud tapmet hadnip kutnu hisraK hatniremem

gnukudnem gnay napituK .icuS uB hatnirep iturunem hisraK nad


g umak atnim ayas ini irah ialuM !hisraK“ tapmet itna ukgnab itapmenem ,ujam otiksaW .gnakaleb id kudud !icuS uB akum id ,naped gnilap kudud umak idaJ !hisraK

uruG - ayas ini irah ialum awhab naksutumem urug alages naka aynhunepes nad gnusgnal bawaj gnuggnatreb

mak ualaK !otiksaW ,nakajrek umak gnay utauses taubreb unawak uata iridnes umak nakayahabmem gnay ,ijek gnay -

!aguj umaK !nakraulekid icuS uB ,umurug atres nawak nad sat nakpaiynem hisraK amanreb gnay diruM gnakaleb ukgnab tered ek igrep kutnu agais aiD .ayngnarab

.mlh( 07 - .)17


57

)l kawU

alada kawU b irad araduas h laggninem aynimaus kajeS .icuS u

kana husagnem nad icuS ub nagned laggnit ai - .icuS ub kana kawU

kana husagnem - b kana nas nad rabas nagned icus u adap naitahrep tag

b kana agitek gned nakkujnutid kawU nahokoneP .icuS u na

ana adapek aynnaitahrep S ub k :tukireb iagabes icu

)1 naitahreP

U B kana adap naitahrep tagnas kaw kana akitek naD .icuS u

kawU nahokoneP .tabo naumar naktaubmem kawU ,tikas icuS ub

gnukudnem gnay napituK .icuS ub narikimep iulalem nakujnutid


kutnu iridnes naksutumem uka ,mamed ukknana akitek naD iaseles muleB .ajas anam retkod ek aynnakaskiremem

kitnib ihubmutid ayntiluk ,tabo aumes naksibahgnem - kitnib ukkawU .lewer nikames aid nikibmem latag asaR .harem

kasam ria habmatid ,tiynuk nakkubmunem nad harem alug , ek padahgnem hurusid ukkanA .rupak ria setet aparebeb hujut uata amil kaynabes uti umaj munim nad rumit lisahreb ukkana ,turebmec akum nagned nupikseM .nakuget ,atnic hunep nad rabaS .aynkenen ihutamem kujubret

ek ukkana ignipmadnem ukkawu takreb naD .uti audkitnib atreseb amseles ,aynnanetaletek - abit kitnib - abit

.)02 .mlh( gnalihgnem

)m uruG

gnay tafis ikilimem uruG .icuS ub ajrek naker halada uruG

icuS ub gnatnenem ai nakkujnutid ini lah haramep nad iludep kadit

otiksaW naknahatrepmem gnay .halokes irad nakraulekid kadit raga

lem nakkujnutid uruG hokot nasikuleP la napituK .icuS ub atirec iu

:tukireb iagabes sata id naataynrep gnukudnem gnay


67

aratnemeS“ .lekgnej aynaraus ,urug gnaroes ures ”!nalubeS“kgnarab ,sibah nalub utas utkaw mulebes ,uti agit uata koseb ila

”!atik salek rakabmeM !adnA salek rakabmem aid igal irah :naalebmep nakhabmanem ukA

aynagraulek aratna id ,hamur id utauses idajret kadit halitsaP“ aynnaharameK .mareg idajnem aggnihes salek id uata

ualak apais adapek aynnaksaipmalid ,atik adapek kadit aut gnaro ikilimem kadit aid aneraK ?takedret aynnagnukgnil

”!ayntakedret nagnukgnil iagabes ayntubesid tapad gnay ,ayntabika gnuggnanem gnay atik ,haram aid ilak paites ualaK“

malad kusamret kadiT !lida kadit uti ,aynnabrok idajnem atik ”!rajagnem atik saguT !mulukiruk .)96 .mlh(

.2 hokoT sineJ

malad hokoT sineJ itaH auD naumetreP levoN iagabes nakiaruid

:tukireb

malad hokot ayngnitnep takgnit uata nanarep iges irad tahiliD

suret gnay gnitnep gnologret gnay hokot ada ,atirec - hes surenem aggni

hokoT .)671 :5991 ,orotnayigruN( atirec naigabes isanimodnem asaret

gnay levon malad aynnaatirecnep nakamatuid gnay hokot halada amatu

kiab ,nakatirecid kaynab gnilap gnay hokot nakapurem aI .natukgnasreb

k ianekid gnay nupuam naidajek ukalep iagabes ,orotnayigruN( naidaje

nad ini levon malad amatu hokot halada icuS uB hokoT .)771 :5991

atirec isanimodnem nad gnitnep icuS uB hokot itkuB .atirec tasup idajnem

nakatirecnem rihka nad ,hagnet ,lawa irad ialum gnay naatirecnep halada

gnay napituK .icuS uB iagabes halada sata id naataynrep gnukudnem

:tukireb

ek aynnaahasurep hadnipid ukimaus ,ulal gnay nalub aparebeB idadowruP id urug idajnem uti utkaW iridnes ukA .ini raseb atok ,gnasreg ,licek atok idadowruP .icuS uB aman naliggnap nagned

.kirat ayad apnat nupanamiagaB .uknarihalek atok halada uti ipateT itrepes aynlanegnem ukA .anas id pudih asaib uka ,aynkelej idajnem uka nuhat hulupes ripmaH .iridnes ukaut gnaro lanegnem


77

sul uka akiteK .iridnes uknahilip nakub ini naajrekeP .anas id urug ukaut gnaro ,DS .urug halokes ek kusam raga naktahesanem

ukubi ukkujubmem kutnU .atinaw igab kococ tagnas aynataK kana nagned ayngnajnap amas urug rubil awhab ,nakhabmanem

ataK .rotnak id ajrekeb gnay gnaro ihibeleM .halokes - ini atakm akerem anerak uakaut gnaro nakpacuid apa naajrekep iuhategneaticreb ukA .naknigniuk aynranebes gnay - .siraterkes idajnem atic

nad kitegnem gnay adum atinaw uata sidag tahilem gnires ukA.)9 .mlh( rotnak surugnem

awhab nakkujnunem gnay napituk nakapurem sata id napituK

animodnem icuS ub hokot tukireb naD .atirec lawa naigab id atirec is

malad tabilret gnay icuS ub hokot nakkujnunem gnay napituk halada

:atirec rihka naigab

ek gnatad aynehduB .salek kian otiksaW ,narajalep nuhat rihkAurug arap ,halokeS alapeK adapek hisak amiretreb aiD .halokes ,

tapad aribmeg uka awhab bawajnem ukA .iridnes ukadapek nad apureb aynah nakaynabek hisak amiret napacU .otiksaW gnolonem

asab - urug imaK .iagrah imak tagnas huggnuses gnay ipatet ,isab -atak amirenem asaib ulalret rasaD halokeS urug - uata nalases atak

aicac kidid kana akij ,aynkilabeS .salek kian kadit dirum akij n aut gnaro aggnihes aynitsemes gnay lah iagabes paggnaid uti ,kian kutnu imak ignujnugnem nagnitnepekreb asarem kadit ilaw uata hisak amiret asar nakawabmem igalapA .imalaynem radekes

!akerem ipateT gnisaM .halapagnem kadit - iaynupmem imak irad gnisam

kana igab ,kididnep idajnem hilimem ukA .ini pudih malad sagut - uata ijaG .ukadapek nakharsapid gnay dirum nad ukkana gnay asaj nagned iauses kadit ,teselem ilakgnires naagrahgnep

imak itah hadner araces kataw nanugnabmep igab nakgnabmus . )58 .mlh( asgnab naped asam gnait

b hokoT hokot nagned nakgnubuhid kaynab gnilap aguj icuS u

:nial hokot nagned aynnapakacrep adap nakkujnutid ini laH .nial gnay

idumek rakgnetreB ?tulegreb nailaK ?aynidajret anamiagaB“ na”? ihalekreb ”!uB ,kadiT‘

”!lukupid ulaL !rakgnetreb gnamem ,ayas ualaK“


87

abiT .uB ,naklaosrepid gnay ada apnat ilak nakaynabeK - ajas abit haduseS .lagejnem gnires gnilap gnaY .lukumem uata tucemem aid

arup aid uti - m inareb ialum ojrahaR ”!uhat kadit arup hibel ropale.tujnal

taaseS .nakatakuk aynkiabes gnay hakapa rikipreB .maidret ukA gnadnamem ukA .uknaaynatrep bawajnem gnay ada kadit

diruM .akubret patet anasaus raga nakahasuuK .gnililekes - dirumK .akerem itah isi nakraulegnem asaulel asarem patet surah anera

apais iuhategnem hibel naka uka naikimed arac nagned aynah .uti otiksaW

adapek ropal surah ,haradreb akul ada ualak ,narutarep turuneM“.igal ukatak ”,halokeS alapeK

”!rulet rasebes kakgneb ayneroS .lukupid ayas ihad ,ilak utaS“recnem dirum gnaroeS .aynnamalagnep nakati



sala uti gnameM gnaro itah nakgnanenem hadum gnilap gnay naaynmumu adap aneraK .aynragnednem gnanes kaga ukA .aut ,

kana - akij udagnem natapmesek tapadnem akus aid rasebes kana.urug uata nawak lukupid

”?otiksaW nagned nasurureb hanrep gnay igal apaiS“ utab irapmelid ayaS“ - ipateT .anek kadit gnutnU .uB ,raseb utab

”!hamur id haram anek ayaS .hacep ayas adepes upmal K“ ”?aynnakhacemem gnay otiksaW awhab anakatak uma

”.namet nagned nakarbat gnalib ayaS“ ”?apagneM“

:tuhaynem ulaL .irid maidreb uti tirum ratnebeS ”.halokeS id arakrep nikib kapaB akus kadit ayaS“

dirum gnaroes ragnedret kadadneM .ipes idajnem salek taaseSeb :nahalreb atakr

”!uB ,kusam kadit aid kiab hibeL‘ hadum ,aY“ - .nial dirum gnubmaS ”!hadnip aid nahadum

”!iridnes raulek aid nakraulekid apnaT !utigeb ualak gnutnU“.ituhaynem aynnawak

.ojrahaR atak ”nial halokes nakraulekid hanrep aid uluD“ am halokes iraD“ .ukaynat ”?an

”.uB ,atsaws halokeS“ ”.atok id ipat ,aguj iregen DS ,nial dirum hatnab ”!nakuB“

.salek autek nakranebmem nial dirum ”!luteb ,atsaws halokeS“ gnay aynkeneN“ .igal naksalejnem ojrahaR ”,atsaws DS gnameM“

s anerak ipateT .anas id aid nakkusamem ulal ,solobmem gnire ”.nakraulekid 82 .mlh( - .)92


97

tapad atirec malad hokot ,aynnalipmanep isgnuf nakrasadreB

:utiay agit idajnem nakadebid

.a sinogatorP hokoT

halas gnay ,imugak atik gnay hokot halada sinogatorp hokoT

reh tubesid ralupop araces aynsinej utas nakapurem gnay hokot ,o

amron natawajenep - ialin ,amron - atik igab laedi gnay ,ialin

tubesret atirec malad sinogatorp hokoT .)871 :5991 ,orotnayigruN(

alada B h tafis ikilimem anerak oreh hokot tubesid icuS uB .icuS u - tafis

j gnuggnatreb ,kajib ,gnayaynep ,bawa B gnayaynep tafiS .iludep u

:tukireb iagabes napituk malad nakkujnutid aynkana adap icuS

gnay gnipmas ek sognelem ayngnadnaP .aid kiriluK gnaruk kapman tubmar id tipeJ .uktapmet irad nanawalreb nailakeS .aynnaklutebmem ahasureb ukA .aynkatel surul

knagnat kadit aiD .sipilep nad sata naigabek naksuleuk u ukA .ukhara ek kognenem uam kadit patet ipateT .kalegnem

.)32 .mlh( aynnaasarep itregnem

b nakkujnunem gnay nial itkuB hokot nakapurem icuS u

uB adap nakkujnutid ini laH .kajib gnay ayntafis utiay sinogatorp icuS

gnay dirum kajagnem - nakfaamem nad amirenem kutnu ayndirum

nahalasek atapmesek nakirebmem nad otiksaW n kutnu otiksaW adap

.aynisnetpmok naktakgninem kutnu rajaleb gnukudnem gnay napituK


irednep raseb hakgnalA kajauk uksalek isI .otiksaW naat nakfaamem akerem atnimuK .uknarikip nalaj itukignem abocuK .haramep nad lukumem akus gnay otiksaW

kana naknikayem - ,aynitah kubulid huaj awhab ukkidid kana .anakatak aid ulales gnay itrepes ,icnebmem kadit otiksaW

nebes gnaY kadit uti macames kanA .iri asarem aid halai aynra


08

.gnolotid tutap aiD .inahisakid naknialem ,icnebid aynsurahes asaibes pakisreb nagned halai ilakgnarab aynkiabes araC gnay utauses nakub otiksaw paggnagneM .nikgnum

y utauses nakub aguj ipatet ,naklabeynem isieS .awemitsi gnadirum ,uti gnipmas iD .iridnes uka kusamret ,iatnas surah salek -

rasebrepmeM .akerem isnetepok awij ucamem atnimuk dirum nagnukgnil ,uhat apaiS .isatserp iapacnem abmolreb hariag otiksaW naitahrep nakharagnem tapad hibel naikimed salek

p nakgnutnugnem hibel uti ,aguj nupanamiagaB .narajalep adadirum igab - nakrikimem aynah otiksaW akij adapirad dirum

nagnaj halai gnaluuk ulales gnay uknaseP .aynirid naadaekilakes - uata otiksaW adapek akus kadit asar nakkujnunem ilak

s ualaK .aynadapek tukat numan ,nakahasuid hadus uti aynaume atnim uka macnagnem gnay utauses taubreb patet otiksaW

dirum - 25 .mlh( urug nagned gnusgnal nagnubuhreb dirum - .)35

gnay tafis kilimem anerak oreh hokot halada icuS uB

uS ub ikilimid gnay bawaj gnuggnaT .bawaj gnuggnatreb ic

surugnem aratna utkaw igabmem upmam ai nagned nakkujnutid

radekes ratnebes aynah iksem rajagnem patet nad tikas gnay aynkana

gnay napituK .salek id ayndirum nagnabmekrep iuhategnem


nay nalub halada uti utkaW uknahadnipek kajes kubis gnilap g imed tikas hamur aratna ukutkaw igabmem ukA .gnarameS ek nasarekek imed halokes nad ,ukkana naaskiremep naulrepek ilak paiteS .ukrakus dirum lanegnem ialumem kutnu ukitah

magnem kahreb uka awhab naktagnignem halokeS alapeK lib tapad muleb ukkana natahesek nasuru akij hunep irahes asib uka ipateT .utnabmep uata kawU adapek nakharsapid

set naulrepek kutnU .ukutkaw igabmem - set kadit gnay laggnituk ukkana ,kirtsil natapetek tala nakanugrepmem

lreb ukA .kawU uata utnabmep amasreb radekes ,halokes ek irasuret naikimed nagneD .aynamal maj hagnetes kognenem -

gnay salek nagnabmekrep iuhategnem patet uka surenemgnuggnat idajnem - .)75 .mlh( ukbawaj


18

.b sinogatnA hokoT

gnatnenep nakapurem gnay hokot halada sinogatna hokoT

atorp irad amatu babeynep hokot uata )91 :8891 ,namijduS( sinog

hokot halada otiksaW .)971 :5991 ,orotnayigruN( kilfnok aynidajret

awsis gnaroes iagabes nakatirecid ini atirec malad otiksaW .sinogatna

anerak nakbabesid ini otiksaw nalakaneK .lakan gnay rasad halokes

kadit gnaruk nad aynkida naridahek sata naataynek amirenem asib

aynnapudihek malad otiksaW uti nialeS .aynaut gnaro irad naitahrep

gnires otiksaW haluti aneraK .aynaut gnaro helo gnakekid ulales

otiksaW .lakan gnay awsis idajnem nad halokes id kumagnem

nakapurem babeynep hokot nakapurem anerak sinogatna hokot

halas otiksaW helo nakbabesid gnay kilfnoK .kilfnok aynidajret

gnukudnem gnay napituK .salek id kumagnem ai halada aynutas


kiynubid amal kaga hadus gnecnol uti iraH muleb uka ipatet ,na aynrihka akiteK .rotnak id nagnidnur utas halas malad iaseles

.uktagecnem iduyhaW ,salek ujunem nalajreb uka .aynnauhatirebmep haluti aynah ”!uB ,otiksaW“

!ini igalapA .tujekret anerak kajnolret uknikibmem pukuc ipaTrabedreb ukgnutnaJ uka hakgnal tapecrepmem libmaS .sarek

:aynatreb ”?aid igal apagneM“

helonem uka rabas kadiT .hikikret awatret iduyhaW ragneduK.ukdirum ignadnamem ukgnipmas ek ”!kasurid imak namanaT .uB ,kadiT“

katedreb hisam ukadad ipateT .safan alehgnem ukA !haaaaaaHg .huda

toP ?anam namanaT“ - ”?utnip gnipmas iD ?salek tudus id top eros nad gnais id salek isawagnem gnay urug nagned takapeS .saih namanat isireb top aparebeb naklaggninem uka ,irah kutnu anugreb aguj ,irsa nad kujes idajnem salek nialeS


28

ed dirum nakasaibmem namaynes nad kiabes nagnukgnil nagn.nikgnum

id nakkatel atik igap idat gnay naabocrep namanaT !nakuB“”!sanap anek ayapus alednej

”?aumeS ?itubaciD“ ”!ayngnelak gnitnabid ,gnaro aparebeb naaynupek aynaH“

gnelak tahilem uka ,salek id iapmas - dit gnay gnelak aynah ka ,gnitnabid kajniid naknialem - toyeP .kajni utapes sakeb kesgnir

talkoc hanaT !nadab tareb nahidnit nad - kupup rupmacreb matihsanuT .nakaresreb - hatap hubmut urab gnay sanut - nuaD .hatap

nairidnes atakreb uka itah malaD .anas id gnatab ,inis idgnutnu nakuB !nakrucnahid gnay namanat nad gnelak aynah hal

kajniid uata lukupid gnay nial dirum - !kikecid uata kajni08 .mlh( natahilek kadit otiksaW ,ukgnadnap nakradeuK - .)18

.c sinogatirT hokoT

sinogatorp adap kahipreb gnay hokot halada sinogatirt hokoT

uata uata hagnenep iagabes isgnufreb uata sinogatna adapek kahipreb

levon malad sinogatirt hokoT .)53 :0002 ,otnayiraH( uti nagnatnetrep

S alapeK .halokeS alapeK utiay itaH auD naumetreP iagabes haloke

b aratna hagnenep icuS u b akitek utiay urug naker nagned icuS u

natapmesek irebid otiksaW raga halokes kahip adapek atnimem

gnay napituK .nakraulekid kadit nad aynukal hakgnit ikiabrepmem

:tukireb iagabes nakiaruid sata id naataynrep gnukudnem

halokeS alapeK nad naker arap amal hisaM.uti uknaatnimrep nakgnabmitrepmem alapeK naidumeK

alisacnaP laroM nakididneP rajagnep iagabes halokeS irad tamilak aparebeb ritiynem aiD .rihka atak nakumenem

uruG .aynajem id ada ulales gnay nagnagep ukub - nial urug kah irebid surah kana paites awhab hatnabmem asib kadit

hkek ikiabrepmem ilakgnaraB .aynnaurilekek uata nafali .mlh( satabret gnay utkaw kutnu amiretid tapad hisam otiksaW

.)07

sinej tapadret aguj ini atirec malad ,sata id hokot sinej nialeS -

:utiay atirec gnukudnem gnay nial hokot sinej


38

)1 gnabmekreB hokoT

halada gnabmekreb hokoT imalagnem gnay atirec hokot

nagned nalajes nakatawrep nagnabmekrep nad nahaburep

.nakhasikid gnay tolp nad awitsirep nahaburep nad nagnabmekrep

nagnukgnil kiab ,aynnagnukgnil nagned iskaretnireb fitka araces aI

ruN( aynukal hakgnit nad ,kataw ,mala ,laisos :5991 ,orotnayig

imalagnem anerak gnabmekreb hokot nakapurem icuS uB .)881

nahaburep helo ihuragnepid gnay nakatawrep nahaburep

napituK .nagnukgnil - sata id naataynrep gnukudnem gnay napituk


”!otiksaW ,uti gnitnuG nakireB“ edes arauS naka urtsuj nakritawahkuk rasak naikim

uka gnadnap ilakeS .paleg atam ukdirum nikibmem alapeK nagnatadaek helo tegak otiksaW awhab uhategnem natujek naktaafnamuk gnajnap rikipreb apnaT .halokeS iuluhadnem sagegreb uka hakgnal tapme uata agiT .tubesret

apeK audek nagned tuberuk uti gnitnug ,halokeS al .uknagnat

ada ini umak ,hA“ - naktapad uak anam iraD !ajas ada nakirebmem ,kilabreb uka gnusgnal nad ”!ini gnitnug id tapet adareb halet gnay halokeS alapeK adapek gnitnug

lukgnaruk ,atak utauses apnaT .ukgnipmas ek nagnel nak kajauk aid ,gnoroduk hagnetes aregeS .otiksaW kadnup

.)86 .mlh( rotnak ek ujunem raulek

)2 nahabmaT hokoT

naklucnumid aynah gnay hokot halada nahabmat hokoT

malad nikgnum nup uti nad ,atirec malad ilak aparebeb uata ilakes

nay naatirecnep isrop .)671 :5991 ,orotnayigruN( kednep fitaler g

aynnaatirecnep isrop anerak nahabmat hokot nakapurem keneN

iulalem atirec malad naklucnumid keneN hokoT .kednep hibel


48

gnukudnem gnay napituK .icuS uB nagned ojrahaR napakacrep


.igal naksalejnem ojrahaR ”,atsaws DS gnameM“ anerak ipateT .anas id aid nakusamem gnay aynkeneN“

)92 .mlh( ”.nakraulekid ulal solobmem gnires

iulalem atirec malad naklucnumid aguj keneN hokoT

gnujnukreb icuS uB akitek utiayicuS uB nagned keneN napakacrep

id naataynrep gnukudnem gnay napituK .otiksaW keneN hamur ek

:tukireb iagabes sata

auT“ - aynaH“ .ukdirum kenen atak ”gneJ ,ketkarp hisam aut ,adum retkod nagned naitnagreb aiD .uggnimes ilak aud taub aynlisah ,gnolonem nailakeS .iridnes ayndirum

habmat - bmat .)63 .mlh( ”.ajnaleb ha

gnay napituK .ojrahaR utiay audek gnay nahabmat hokoT

:tukireb iagabes nakiaruid naataynrep gnukudnem


”.uB ,uhaT“ ”?umak taub huaj ulalret ulaL“

ayaS !uB ,kadit ,hO“ takgnareb ualak ayniulalem ulales)62 .mlh( ”!gnalup uata .

tirec malad naklucnumid ojrahaR hokoT iulalem a

b nagned aynnapakacrep nakatirecnem ai akitek utiay icuS u

gnukudnem gnay napituK .otiksaW helo nakukalid gnay nalakanek

reb iagabes sata id naataynrep :tuki

rakgnetreB ?tulegreb nailaK ?aynidajret anamiagaB“”?ihalekreb naidumek

”!uB ,kadiT“ abiT .uB , nalaosrep apnat ilak nakaynabeK“ - aid ajas abit

.lagejnem gnires gnilap gnaY .lukumem uata tucememarup aid uti haduseS - eb ialum ojrahaR ”!uhat kadit arup inar

.)82 .mlh( tujnal hibel ropalem


58

tirec malad naklucnumid aguj ojrahaR hokot uti nialeS a

b nagned aynnapakacrep iulalem id ojrahaR akitek utiay icuS u

gnay napituK .rotnak iramel ek ukub nakilabmegnem hurus


“ nial salek nakanugrepid naka naacab ukuB !ojrahaR ek aynnakilabmegnem tapec umaK .ini taharitsi haletes

.)55 .mlh( ”...!ay ,rotnak iramel

alapeK .halokeS alapeK utiay agitek gnay nahabmat hokoT

aynnaatirecnep isrop anerak nahabmat hokot nakapurem halokeS

l akitek atirec malad lucnum halokeS alapeK hokoT .kednep hibe

epmem b naklanekr .salek malad id ayndirum nagned icuS u

napituK - halada sata id naataynrep gnukudnem gnay napituk

:tukireb iagabes

amales“ .dirum arap adapek aynatak ”,icuS uB inI“d ,irah aparebeb ,gnanet halahasureB .gnubagid salek au

nailak awhab icuS uB adapek nakkujnuT .lakan nagnajkana - kana hutapes aguj raseb atok kana - licek atok kana

nuhat hulupes rajagnem hadus icuS uB anam id idadowruP.)42 .mlh( ”.aynamal

malad lucnum halokeS alapeK hokoT tapar akitek atirec

akirebmem b naatnimrep sata nagnabmitrep n otiksaW raga icuS u

gnukudnem gnay napituK .halokesreb kutnu natapmesek irebid


halokeS alapeK nad naker arap amal hisaMK .uti uknaatnimrep nakgnabmitrepmem alapeK naidume

alisacnaP laroM nakididneP rajagnep iagabes halokeS irad tamilak aparebeb ritiynem aiD .rihka atak nakumenem

uruG .aynajem id ada ulales gnay nagnagep ukub - nial urug kah irebid surah kana paites awhab hatnabmem asib kadit

alihkek ikiabrepmem ilakgnaraB .aynnaurilekek uata naf


68

satabret gnay utkaw kutnu amiretid tapad hisam otiksaW.)07 .mlh(

iualem atirec malad ridah halokeS alapeK ,uti nialeS

p b helo nakatakid gnay naatirecne katnebmem ai utiay icuS u

.salek id natubirek taubmem akitek otiksaW gnay napituK


.utnip id notnonem gnay dirum nanumurek kased ukA nad katnebmem libmas ujam halokeS alapeK tahiluK ,salek akum id iridreb otiksaW .notnonep arap kidrahgnem

ukgnab natered ignakalebmem - ameM .ukgnab aid gn alapeK arauS .akubret kadit ipatet ,gnitnug gnagemem

:rageleggnem halokeS .)86 .mlh( ”!otiksaW ,uti gnitnuG nakireB“

iduyhaW .iduyhaW utiay tapme ek gnay nahabmat hokoT

ilak aud naklucnumid aynah anerak nahabmat hokot nakapurem

.naatirecnep malad amatrep gnay iduyhaW hokot nalucnumeK

akkujnutid b nagned aynnapakacrep iulalem n icuS uB .icuS u

nagned aynkopmolek ajrek lisah ianegnem iduyhaW adap aynatreb

halada sata id naataynrep gnukudnem gnay napituK .otiksaW

:tukireb iagabes

irtap gnakut ek nailaK apip taub gnabol naktakelem kutnu”?ini

malad kusamret gnay iduyhaW atak ”!uB ,kadiT“.uti kopmolek

”.iridnes tala iaynupmem otiksaW“ nahaB“ - .naagirucek hunep ukaynat ”?aid irad aynnahab

atak ”,lepmetid gnay gnes nagnotop irebmem otiksaW“.nial dirum

elaK“ ataK ”,uB ,naharulek id atnim gnay ayas ,ayngn tapmet gnakaleb id kupmutreb tahil ayaS“ .igal iduyhaw

gnip niamreb imak - madamep nahital sakeb uluD .gnop”.gnupmak id narakabek 56 .mlh( - .)76


78

iulalem atirec malad naklucnumid iduyhaW hokoT

p d gnay naatirecne b helo nakataki iduyhaW akitek utiay icuS u

napituK .salek id natubirek taubmem hubmak otiksaW nakropalem

:tukireb iagabes sata id naataynrep gnukudnem gnay

uka ipatet ,nakiynubid amal kaga hadus gnecnol uti iraH id nagnidnur utas halas malad iaseles muleb akiteK .rotnak

iduyhaW ,salek ek ujunem nalajreb uka aynrihkauktagecnem

.)08 .mlh( aynnauhatirebmep haluti aynah ”!uB ,otiksaW“

nakapurem iniR .iniR utiay amilek gnay nahabmat hokoT

.atirec malad ilak utas naklucnumid aynah anerak nahabmat hokot

napituK iagabes halada sata id naataynrep gnukudnem gnay

:tukireb

haloes ,nup huaj adareb uka ualak ulales ,aguj ukA“ - halo iniR ”aynnatebas anek kutnu uka iracnem ajagnes aid

. )03 .mlh( aynnawak adap udagnem gnadnap nakharagnem

gnuluS utiay maneek nahabmat hokoT nakapurem gnuluS .

araces ilak aud naklucnumid aynah anerak nahabmat hokot

gnuluS hokoT .icuS ub atirec iulalem gnusgnal kadit nad gnusgnal

utid b helo naatirecnep ualem nakkujn gnay napituK .icuS u


gnaY gnegnod amirenem tapmes hisam gnulus - gnegnod aiD .malam utkaw id ruditret mulebes nakatirec imak gnay

.)41 .mlh( ayniakuynem

tirec malad lucnum aguj gnuluS hokoT iulalem a

b nagned aynnapakacrep nohop sinej nakaynanem ai akitek icuS u

ay napituK .aynubi adap iagabes sata id naataynrep gnukudnem gn

:tukireb


88

.ukgnulus atak ”,uB ,ay haub nohop kaynab hibel anas iD“ ,”nagnarakep aynup anas id hamur nakaynabek anerak“

.uktuhas ,owijilal ,kelog :macam agit ada nahalam atik hamur iD“

”?igal aynutas ,uB apa ulal udaG“ kekak tapmet iD“ ,naksuretuk nad ,ukbawaJ ”.gn

”.ada aggnam sinej aumes ripmaH .igal kaynab hibel ”!anas id atik hamur irad saul hibel kekak tapmet aneraK“

.aynnarikip isi nakataynem ukgnulus kana iD“ ayas ,atik hamur nakub uti anas id ,gnarakeS .gn

narameS .)32 .mlh( ”!atik hamur halini g

koneD .koneD utiay hujutek gnay nahabmat hokoT

ilak utas naklucnumid aynah anerak nahabmat hokot nakapurem

halada sata id naataynrep gnukudnem gnay napituK .atirec malad

:tukireb iagabes

t imaK !naupmerep kana imak igalapA“ niam hanrep kadi kuteleynem gnakaleb id kudud gnay koneD ”!aid nagned

.)03 .mlh( nahalrep

hisraK .hisraK utiay napaledek gnay nahabmat hokoT

aynah naklucnumid aynah anerak nahabmat hokot sinej nakapurem

ataynrep gnukudnem gnay napituK .atirec malad ilakes sata id na


tapmet itnag umak atnim ayas ini irah ialuM !hisraK“ ukgnab itapmenem ,ujam otiksaW .gnakaleb id kudud !icuS uB akum id ,naped gnilap kudud umak idaJ !hisraK

uruG - ayas ini irah ialum awhab naksutumem urugawaj gnuggnatreb alages naka aynhunepes nad gnusgnal b

utauses taubreb umak ualaK !otiksaW ,nakajrek umak gnaynawak uata iridnes umak nakayahabmem gnay ,ijek gnay -

!aguj umaK !nakraulekid icuS uB ,umurug atres nawak nad sat nakpaiynem hisraK amanreb gnay diruM

D .ayngnarab gnakaleb ukgnab tered ek igrep kutnu agais ai.)17 .mlh(

kawU .kawU utiay nalibmesek gnay nahabmat hokoT

ilak agit naklucnumid aynah anerak nahabmat hokot nakapurem


98

hokoT .tikas icuS ub kana akitek atirec naiaru malad aynah nuputi

num amatrep kawU lalem luc b helo atirec naiaru iu icuS uB .icuS u

uB hamur id laggnit mulebes kawU napudihek ratal nakatirecnem

napituK .icuS - halada sata id naataynrep gnukudnem gnay napituk

:tukireb iagabes

ikal aguj licek gnaY - hamur id laggnit hisam aiD .ikalay ukkawu helo husaid agit kajes imak agraulek turut gn

aid ,laggninem aynimaus akiteK .ini nagnakaleb nuhat aid ,nanurutek iaynupmem kadit aneraK .naipesek asarem .nial araduas hamur ek hamur utas irad hadnipreb gnires tapmet id patenem aid ulal ,laujid aynkodnop ,aynrihkA

mak husagnem uam aid anerak gnutnureb asarem ukA .ikana - .ini raseb atok ek hadnip haletes igalapA .ukkana

imak atok anasaus irad adebreb tagnas nagnukgniL .)31 .mlh( idadowruP

j kawU hokoT b naatirecnep iulalem lucnum agu icuS u

ktaubmem kawU akitek utiay na b kana kutnu lanoisidart tabo u

id naataynrep gnukudnem gnay napituK .tikas gnades gnay icuS


kutnu iridnes naksutumem uka ,mamed ukknana akitek naD iaseles muleB .ajas anam retkod ek aynnakaskiremem

id ayntiluk ,tabo aumes naksibahgnem kitnib ihubmut - kitnib ukkawU .lewer nikames aid nikibmem latag asaR .harem nad harem alug ,kasam ria habmatid ,tiynuk nakkubmunem ek padahgnem hurusid ukkanA .rupak ria setet aparebeb hujut uata amil kaynabes uti umaj munim nad rumit

gned nupikseM .nakuget lisahreb ukkana ,turebmec akum na ,atnic hunep nad rabaS .aynkenen ihutamem kujubret takreb naD .uti audek ukkana ignipmadnem ukkawu

kitnib atreseb amseles ,aynnanetaletek - abit kitnib - abit.)02 .mlh( gnalihgnem

hokot uti nialeS arikimep iulalem lucnum kawU b n icuS u

tikas gnay aynkana isawagnem gnay kawU nakatagnem gnay


09

iagabes sata id naataynrep gnukudnem gnay napituK .bitret nagned

:tukireb

nalub amaleS - lip nakam surah ukkana ,amatrep nalub aid irah paiteS .utnetret sisod narasebek malad nitnaliD

kes kusam ,ulad hibel gnalup ipatet ,asaib itrepes halo aynisawagnem surah kawU .imak utnabmep tupmejid tubesret tabo nakapulem helob kadit aid :bitret nagned

.)85 .mlh( gnais nakam haduses

nakeR .uruG nakeR halada rihkaret gnay nahabmat hokoT

t hokot nakapurem uruG nalucnumek satisnetni anerak nahabma

ay tikides aynah atirec malad b gnatnenem akitek uti icuS u

id naataynrep gnukudnem gnay napituK .otiksaW naknahatrepmem


.lekgnej aynaraus ,urug gnaroes ures ”!nalubeS“ utkaw mulebes ,uti aratnemeS“ ilakgnarab ,sibah nalub utas

!adnA salek rakabmem aid igal irah agit uata koseb .)96 .mlh( ”!atik salek rakabmeM

)3 anahredeS hokoT

utas ikilimem aynah gnay hokot halada anahredes hokoT

nad tafiS .ajas utnetret kataw ,tafis utas ,utnetret idabirp satilauk

t ,notonom ,ratad tafisreb anahredes hokot gnaroes ukal hakgni

181 :5991 ,orotnayigruN( ajas kataw utas naknimrecnem aynah -

hokoT .keneN halada ini atirec malad anahredes hokoT .)281

gnay napituK .notonom nad ratad gnay tafis ikilimem keneN

ataynrep gnukudnem :tukireb iagabes halada tubesret n

lukumem igalapa ,mukuhgnem hanrep muleb imak kanA“ .aynnahalasek halini ilakgnaraB“ .kenen is atak ”!otiksaW

kana adA - gnay ,naitahrep nakulremem gnay kana naitahrep itnag iagabes hainamsaj namukuh paggnagnem


19

knigniid gnay kana iridnes nakiskaynem hanrep ayaS .na - aynnaurilekek naka radas urab akereM .ayas araduas kana hadus otiksaW .akerem ubi uata haya nagnat anek akij

atak tapadnem kadit rujnalret - aid ,nakujub uata sinam atakd tahilem adnA ualak ,hA .lukupid surah nikgnum id ai

hanrep kadit ,rugetid hanrep kadiT !gneJ ,akerem hamur .kelej gnay anam nad kiab gnay anam uhatirebid aggnihes top hutneynem ikak ,nalajreb kana amapmueS

itah gnalib ayas ,imak hamur iD .hacep hutaj - ualak itahamanat gnarakes gnoloT !gniyas ,nalajreb hacep top nad n

naka aid gnusgnal ,ada aynubi amapmueS !ihanebid utiapa kaggne ,ha :alebmem - raiB .itnag ayas itnan ,apa

ilak paites uti utigeb ,haN !ihanebmem gnay utnabmep nigni aynah ayas ,ayas duskaM .naurilekek taubreb otiksaW

r pakisreb kana kididnem .)73.mlh( ”.gneJ ,rutaret na dipa

ayntafis anerak anahredes hokot nakapurem keneN hokoT

:tukireb napituk iulalem nakujnutid ini lah notonom nad ratad

”!uti otiksaW kapab aY .gneJ ,utas aynah imak kanA“ halaiD“ .uknaaynatrep bawajnem kenen is halnaikimed

s uta - ilak amil imalagnem ayas haletes pudih gnay aynutas atik ,halmulkaM .hamel gnay ayas ,gnaro ataK .narugugek

imaus ualaK .nahalasek naupmut idajnem ulales ,atinaw - .lirets ,kubag gnay irtsi is aynatak ,kana aynup kadit irtsi

suret ualaK - narugugek surenem aynnagnudnak aynatak , urab ayas ,lacidem kaynab hadus gnarakeS .hamel gnay

ikal tibib anerak nakbabesid ajas asib uti lah uhat - gnay ikal ada muleb ,ulad ayas namaZ .hamel gnay uata lirets

macam gnay naaskiremep namaladnep - ,idaJ .inis id macamlas aumes ay kaynab haletes ,aynrihka ipateT .ayas ha

tamales asib gnay ayas kana ,rudit tapmet id laggnitid nigni ayas imaus apagnem itregnemid tapaD .gnaroes .aynnakmadiid gnay itrepes aisunam uti kana nakidajnem

.)04 .mlh( ”!ikalel kana igalapA

.3 tolP uata rulA

raceS levon malad tolp uata rula mumu a ”itaH auD naumetreP“

ayrak gnay awitsirep anerak fisergorp uata surul rula halada iniD .hN

,hagnet ,lawa irad nagnubmanisekreb nad sigolonork tafisreb nakhasikid


29

levon rula mumu rutkurtS .rihka nad ”itaH auD naumetreP“ aka sahabid n

:tukireb iagabes

.a narapaP

malad narapaP .atirec utaus lawa amatu isgnuf nakapureM

levon ”itaH auD naumetreP“ naklanekrepmem uata nakrapamem

pmet .icuS uB urab laggnit ta id urug gnaroes halada icuS uB

elo hadnipid aynimaus anerak numan ,idadowruP akam aynnahasurep h

halada ini tukireB .ajrekeb aynimaus tapmet ek hadnip tuki icuS uB

:aynnapituk

.raseb ukimaus kartnokid gnay hamuR ipateT .amilreb imak igab raul irad aynnatahilek raseb ulalreT aynranebes awhab nauhatek halurab ,kusam gnaro utigeb

amak ,gnajnamem hagnet gnaur kutneB .aud aynah aynr nupikseM .saul uti hamur awhab nasek rebmem aggnihes

utas haluti ,iracnem amal pukuc - gnay gnuanreb tapmet aynutasatic nagned iauses gnilap ukimaus arikid - surah igalapA .ukasar

gnau halmuj nakgnutihrepmem alup anug aidesret gnay rumus ,idnam ramak ,gnitnep gnilap gnaY .tubesret naulrepek

.aynmalad id ada licek ramak nad ek aynnaahasurep hadnipid ukimaus ,ulal gnay nalub aparebeB id urug idajnem uti utkaw ,iridnes ukA .ini raseb atok

B naliggnap nagned idadowruP ,licek atok idadowruP .icuS u .uknarihalek atok halada uti ipateT .kirat ayad apnat ,gnasreg ukA .anas id pudih asaib uka ,aynkelej nupanamiagaB ripmaH .iridnes ukaut gnaro lanegnem itrepes aynlanegnem

.)9 .mlh( anas id urug idajnem uka nuhat hulupes

.b gnaR nagnas

a nagnasgnaR aynlubmit ilawagnem gnay awitsirep halad

gnaroes aynkusam helo naklubmitid gnires nagnasgnaR .natawag

ay urab hokot ialumid nagnasgnaR .rotasilatak iagapes ukalreb gn

b akitek halokeS alapeK helo ajrek naliggnap tarus tapadnem icuS u


39

b nad urug nakitnaggnem kutnu rajagnem areges kutnu atnimid icuS u

narawat amirenem icuS uB .naakalecek anerak tikas gnades gnay

bureb idajnem naadaek numan ,halokeS alapeK abit akitek ha - kana abit

b audek :aynnapituk halada ini tukireB .tikas hutaj icuS u

us adaP aiD .halokeS alapeK irad tarus amirenem uka irah uta naka uka nanikgnumek ada ,aynataK .gnatad ukatnimem .alumes nakanacnerid halet gnay irad inid hibel rajagnem urug gnaroes awhab iuhategnem uka ,umetreb haleteS

agag atirednem aneraK .naakalecek tapadnem ilakgnarab ,kato r .nalub aud tapec gnilap nonoK .ilabmek kusam naka urab amal takgnareb surah nial urug aud ,aynutkaw naamasreb lahadaP sugilakes ,uggnim aud aynah nupikseM .naratanep itukignem

a raga lusu halokeS alapeK .naklaggnitret askapret salek agit uk tarus uggnunem libmaS .salek aud rajagnem nad kusam arac utaus iujuteynem imak ,nemetrapeD irad nasutupek apnat ajrekeb uam kadit uka ajas utnet aneraK .narayabmep naajrekep adapek ukatnic aynraseb nupanamiagaB .nalabmi

aracibmem imak ulaL !urug iagabes ialum naka napak nak tapeces ayapus nakrujnagnem halokeS alapeK .rajagnem

gnacnibreb aratnemeS .ajrekeb kusam uka nikgnum - gnacnib rikipreb uka ,uti ukurab rirak ialum naka uka irah ianegnem

haduM .ukaudek kana adapek - tahes areges aid nahadumkajeS .ilabmek signanem ,lewer aid ilakgnires ,hadnip imak

aynatak ,aynatid ualaK .natahilek atayn gnay babes apnat ilakes tapec aid ,aynnaasaibek irad niaL .gnisup aynalapek ilakgnires hemer gnay utauses nakbabesiD .gnuggnisret

takreb ukimauS .aynkida nagned rakgnetreb aradu ilakgnarab ,a .kawU ada halgnutnU .aid igab kococ gnaruk gnarameS atok kujubmem kawU rabas nagned ,lewer uti ukkana ilak paiteS naikimed patet uti kana naadaek ualaK .ayninayalem nad

turalreb nagned - naklaggninem gnanet gnaruk asarem uka ,tural.hamur uksagut igal ialumem naka aribmeg uka lahadaP

.)91 .mlh( urug iagabes

.c natawaG

a natawaG ad .nagnasgnar helo naklubmitid gnay napahat hal

nagnatnetrep nad halokes kusam kadit otiksaW akitek idajret natawaG

namet irad lucnum - arahgnem akerem ,otiksaW namet raga nakp


49

uggnagid kadit akerem naparah nagned halokes irad raulek otiksaW

:aynnapituk halada ini tukireB .otiksaW helo igal

”!gnanes nahalam imaK !uB ,kusam kadit otiksaW raiB“ abit gnay araus helo tujekret uka igal ilakeS - ukA .ini abit

is hara ek helonem .naupmerep dirum ,aracibmep dirum araus ”,ada kadit aid ualak gnanet saleK !uB ,luteb aY“

ikal - .uti tapadnep naktaugnem aynsaget amas gnay nial ikal ”,uktamilak isi nad adan nahanem uka gnanet ”?ay ,O”

?apagneM birek nikibmeM ?uarugreb akuS otiksaW aneraK ?natu

”!akus aguj imak uti ualaK !uarugreb nakuB !kadit ,hO“ hara irad ragnedret uti nahabmat ”!uB ,ilakes tahaJ !tahaj aiD“

72 .mlh( amas gnay naupmerep dirum - .)82

naidumek rakgnetreB ?tulegreb nailaK ?aynidajret anamiagaB“”? ihalekreb ”!uB ,kadiT‘

laK“ ”!lukupid ulaL !rakgnetreb gnamem ,ayas ua abiT .uB ,naklaosrepid gnay ada apnat ilak nakaynabeK - abit

.lagejnem gnires gnilap gnaY .lukumem uata tucemem aid ajasarup aid uti haduseS - inareb ialum ojrahaR ”!uhat kadit arup

.tujnal hibel ropalem .maidret ukA .nakatakuk aynkiabes gnay hakapa rikipreB

ukA .uknaaynatrep bawajnem gnay ada kadit taaseS .akubret patet anasaus raga nakahasuuK .gnililekes gnadnamem

diruM - itah isi nakraulegnem asaulel asarem patet surah dirum naikimed arac nagned aynah aneraK .akerem hibel naka uka

.uti otiksaW apais iuhategnem ropal surah ,haradreb akul ada ualak ,narutarep turuneM“

.igal ukatak ”,halokeS alapeK adapek ”!rulet rasebes kakgneb ayneroS .lukupid ayas ihad ,ilak utaS“

.aynnamalagnep nakatirecnem dirum gnaroeS o atak apA“ ”?umaut gnar

”.uB ,hutaj gnalib ayaS“ ”?atsudreb apagneM“

”.halokes id rakgnetreb anerak iharamid tukat ayaS“ sala uti gnameM itah nakgnanenem hadum gnilap gnay na

adap aneraK .aynragnednem gnanes kaga ukA .aut gnarokana ,aynmumu - dnem akus aid rasebes kana natapmesek tapa

.urug uata nawak lukupid akij udagnem ”?otiksaW nagned nasurureb hanrep gnay igal apaiS“

utab irapmelid ayaS“ - ipateT .anek kadit gnutnU .uB ,raseb utab ”!hamur id haram anek ayaS .hacep ayas adepes upmal

m gnay otiksaW awhab anakatak umaK“ ”?aynnakhaceme


59


:tuhaynem ulaL .irid maidreb uti tirum ratnebeS ”.halokeS id arakrep nikib kapaB akus kadit ayaS“

dirum gnaroes ragnedret kadadneM .ipes idajnem salek taaseS:nahalreb atakreb

t aid kiab hibeL‘ ”!uB ,kusam kadi hadum ,aY“ - .nial dirum gnubmaS ”!hadnip aid nahadum

”!iridnes raulek aid nakraulekid apnaT !utigeb ualak gnutnU“ ituhaynem aynnawak 82 .mlh( - .)92

.d kilfnoK uata naiakiT

a kilfnoK aynada tabika iagabes lubmit gnay nahisilesrep hala

taukek aud akitek idajret ini atirec malad naiakiT .nagnatnetreb gnay na

halada ini tukireB .aynsalek id natubirek taubmem hubmak otiksaW

:aynnapituk

abiT - uruG .haboreb naadaek abit - id taharitsireb gnades urugoeS .ilabmek kusam gnecnol uggnunem ,rotnak ukdirum gnar

t hagnere - atad hagne :uresreb gnusgnal ,gn uam aiD !komagnem aiD !uB ,hubmak otiksaW !icuS uB“

”!salek rakabmem urug ,kareg ilakes nagneD - ujunem nairalreb uka nad ikalel urug

aynatreb tapmes safan nagnalihek ,nalaggnitek ukA .uksalek awabmep is dirum adapek :atireb

nailaK ?haram aid nakbabeynem gnay apA ?utigeb apagnem“”?rakgnetreb


tuki ayas aynidaT .raulek uam kadit aguj - aynah ipat ,tukiratnebes ayaS !idajret gnay apa igal uhat kadiT .raulek suret

otiksaW ragnedret huaj irad ,licek ramak irad ilabmekkairetreb - uka :aynataK !uB ,amas luteB !ulud itrepes kairet

alek kusam ayaS !aumes nailak icneb ukA !icneb otiksaW ,s gnitnug nakgnodonem irad hatne abit utigeB !anam - ayas ,abit

76 .mlh( ”!rotnak ek iral ,kilabreb - .)86

.e natimuR

a natimuR ujunem naiakit alum alajeg irad nagnabmekrep halad

natimuR .skamilk ek b akitek utiay ini atirec malad icuS u


69

d kadit raga otiksaW naknahatrepmem .halokes irad nakrauleki ahasU

b halada ini tukireB .nial urug naker helo gnatnetid ataynret icuS u

:aynnapituk

adapek halokes naayacrepek nakgnacnoggnem uti awitsireP naklusugnem gnay urug naker kaynab gnaret sureT .otiksaW

hadus nalakanek takgniT .ajas nakraulekid uti dirum raga .nakayahabmem takgnit iapmas hadus gnarakeS .iuapmalret salek id abit imak uti iraH .aid nakgnidnurem amal tapar imaK

dirum turunem nakgnadeS .gnitnug naniamrep tahilem aynah - otiksaW ,gnatad uka nad halokeS alapeK mulebes ,nial dirum

rapmelem - ok nakrapmel alages ek nakalaynid halet gnay ipa ker .ukdirum naknahatrepmem uka hayap hasus nagneD .urujnep ataynret otiksaW naraulegnep naknignignem gnay naker araP uka ipateT .ukgnukudnem gnay irad kaynab hibel

.nahatrebisreb

aluti ”,igal nalubes utkaw ayas halireB“ malad uknaatnimrep h.tapar

aratnemeS“ .lekgnej aynaraus ,urug gnaroes ures ”!nalubeS“ agit uata koseb ilakgnarab ,sibah nalub utas utkaw mulebes ,uti

”!atik halokes rakabmeM !adnA salek rakabmem aid igal irah :naalebmep nakhabmanem ukA

ret halet halitsaP“ aynagraulek aratnaid ,hamur id utauses idaj uata


?takedret aynnagnukgnil ,atik adapek kadit ualak apais adapek ayntubesid tapad gnay aut gnaro ikilimem kadit aid aneraK

dret nagnukgnil iagabes ”!ayntake ,ayntabika gnuggnanem gnay atik ,haram aid ilak paites ualaK“ malad kusamret kadiT !lida kadit uti ,aynnabrok idajnem atik

”!rajagnem atik saguT !mulukiruk nupuam margorp ulalret anerak ,aleynem tapec uka ”,sagut ianegnem aracibreB“

tah gnanesreb ukitah isi nakaratugnem natapmesek tapadnem i kusamret aguj atik sagut arik ayaS“ .nakididnep ianegnem

dirum gnolonem - ay ,nalub agit ripmah amaleS .rakus dirumgnuggnatreb ayas gnarakesnalub agit repmah - salek naka bawaj

nem ialum asarem ayas ,ini dirum nad .aid itregnem nad laneg imak ipateT .ayas padahret naikimed aguj aid ilakgnaraB

”.igal utkaw nakulremem hisam audreb taubuk araus adaN .halokeS alapeK haraek helonem ukA

raneb - :itah hadner raneb


79

naD ”!igal nalub utas irebid nohom ayaS !kaP ,nalub utaS“luk naker har aek radegnem ukgnadnap nakgnaya - uknaker

:naksurenem gnay nahaburep ada kadit uti utkaw satab malad ualaK pakis nagned nahubmakek idajret nahalam ualak ,kiabmem ayas igal ilakes helob ualaK !halharesret,nakayahabmem gnay

sagut nakub ,naktagnignem gnay kana naklicugnem atikluteb aiD .otiksaW itrepes gnalam - aynaH .atirednem luteb

tukat gnaro aumes ulal ,utigeb kadekem gnay aynnasaipmalep96 .mlh( ”.aynadapek - .)07

.f skamilK

natimur alibapa iapacret skamilK )53 :8991( namijduS turuneM

acnup iapacnem :0002( otnayiraH turunem nakgnadeS .aynnatabehek k

a skamilk )93 .atirec kacnup kitit halad B napahat nakapurem ini naiga

.aynlamitpo kitit iapacnem idajret gnay nagnatnetrep akitek skamilK

ialin isireb aynropar otiksaW akitek ialumid - nad lamron akgna ialin

halada tukireB .salek kian otiksaW ,narajalep nuhat rihkaid

:aynnapituk

akgna isireb ayntukireb ropaR - kutnU .lamron akgna tapmet hiarem lisareb gnay aynsarek ahasu ihaidahgnem imak otiksaW narubil utkaw adap ,”asaib“ dirum iagabes

cek atok kognenem awhab kajaid aiD .idadowruP imak lisaupes gnicnamem ukimaus - kadit uka naD .aynitah saup

ilabmekes anerak ,inid ulalret uti ukijnaj ihunemem laseynemhaloeS .haboreb nikames aid nakitahrepuk ,narubil irad - halo

aib irad hibel gnay dirum idajnem kutnu daketreb aid .ajas askana sirab malad ek ratfadret ulales aid aynsuretes kutnU - kana

kian otiksaW ,narajalep nuhat rihkA .uksalek id iadnap gnay.)58 .lah( salek

.g naiaseleyneP

m naiaseleyneP nakapure .atirec putunep uata rihka naigab

levon malad naiaseleyneP P D naumetre itaH au duB utiay ayne


89

adapek hisak amiret nakpacugnem kutnu halokes ek gnatad otiksaW

:aynnapituk halada tukireB .urug nad halokeS alapeK

ada[ek hisak amiretreb aiD .halokes ek gnatad aynehduB ukA .iridnes ukadapek nad ,urug arap ,halokeS alapeK

b bawajnem .otiksaW gnolonem tapad aribmeg uka awhaasab apureb aynah nakaynabek hisak amiret napacU - ipatet ,isab

urug imaK .iagrah imak tagnas aynhuggnuses gnay - urugatak amirenem asaib ulalret rasaD halokeS - uata naleses atak

eS .salek kian kadit dirum akij naicac kidid kana akij ,aynkilab aut gnaro aggnihes aynitsemes lah iagabes paggnaid uti ,kian imak ignujnugnem nagnitnepekreb asarem kadit ilaw uata asiret asar nakawabmem igalapA .imalaynem radekes kutnu

.)58 .mlh( !akerem hisak

.4 ameT

tirec haubes edi halada ameT aynatirec silunem malad gnaragneP .a

adap utauses nakatagnem kadneh ipat ,atirecreb radekes aynah nakub

)65 :6891 ,iniaS nad ojdramuS( aynacabmep levoN malad ameT .

”itaH auD naumetreP“ p halada b amanreb urug gnaroes nagnaujre icuS u

ndirum ignipmadnem malad idajnem lisahreb aggnihes halasamreb gnay ay

atireC .kiab gnay dirum b nahadnipek nagned ilawaid ini gnaroes icuS u

ruP id DS urug b nahadnipeK .gnarameS ek idadow gnarameS ek icuS u

tapmet irad naksagut hadnipid gnay aynimaus itukignem anerak aynimaus

jrekeb b gnarameS iD .a id nad DS haubes id rajagnem aynrihka icuS u

S ub akitek lucnum kilfnoK .kilfnok aynidajret lubmit halanas ialum icu

b uti akitek ,rajagnem akitek utiay nalosrep aud adap nakpadahid icuS u

ayndirum ipadahgnem aynnagnaujrep nad tikas aynknana gnay otiksaW

b nagnaujreP .lakan tnetid otiksaW naknahatrepmem icuS u naker helo gna

b numan ,aynajrek raga ahasureb patet aI .hareynem gnatnap icuS u

kutnu natapmesek irebid nad halokes irad nakraulekid kadit otiksaw


99

napituK .kiab idajnem habureb - nay napituk id naataynrep gnukudnem g

:tukireb iagabes halada sata

malad uknaatnimrep haluti ”,igal nalubes utkaw ayas halireB“.tapar

,uti aratnemeS“ .lekgnej aynaraus ,urug gnaroes ures ”!nalubeS“ irah agit uata koseb ilakgnarab ,sibah nalub utas utkaw mulebes

igal ”!atik halokes rakabmeM !adnA salek rakabmem aid :naalebmep nakhabmanem ukA

uata aynagraulek aratnaid ,hamur id utauses idajret halet halitsaP“ naksaipmalid aynnaharameK .mareg idajnem aid aggnihes salekid

nnagnukgnil ,atik adapek kadit ualak apais adapek ?takedret ay iagabes ayntubesid tapad gnay aut gnaro ikilimem kadit aid aneraK

”!ayntakedret nagnukgnil ,ayntabika gnuggnanem gnay atik ,haram aid ilak paites ualaK“ malad kusamret kadiT !lida kadit uti ,aynnabrok idajnem atik

uT !mulukiruk nupuam margorp ”!rajagnem atik sag ulalret anerak ,aleynem tapec uka ”,sagut ianegnem aracibreB“ ukitah isi nakaratugnem natapmesek tapadnem itah gnanesreb kusamret aguj atik sagut arik ayaS“ .nakididnep ianegnem

dirum gnolonem - h ay ,nalub agit ripmah amaleS .rakus dirum ripmagnuggnatreb ayas gnarakes nalub agit - dirum nad salek naka bawaj

aid ilakgnaraB .aid itregnem nad lanegnem ialum asarem ayas ,ini hisam audreb imak ipateT .ayas padahret naikimed aguj

”.igal utkaw nakulremem aus adaN .halokeS alapeK haraek helonem ukA raneb taubuk ar -

:itah hadner raneb ”!igal nalub utas irebid nohom ayaS !kaP ,nalub utaS“

naker har aek radegnem ukgnadnap nakgnayaluk naD - ,uknaker:naksurenem

,kiabmem gnay nahaborep ada kadit uti utkaw satab malad ualaK“ nahubmakek idajret nahalam ualak gnay pakis nagned

ayas igal ilakes helob ualaK !halharesret ,nakayahabmem gnalam gnay kana naklicugnem atik sagut nakub ,naktagnignem

luteb aiD .otiksaW itrepes - aynaH .atirednem tagnas luteb tukat gnaro aumes ulal ,utigeb kadelem gnay aynnasaipmalep

ynadap 96 .mlh( ”.a - .)07

.a lanoisidartnoN nad lanoisidarT ameT

levon malad ameT ”itaH auD naumetreP“ sinej nakapurem

urug gnaroes nagnaujrep amet libmagnem anerak lanoisidart amet


001

lisahreb aggnihes halasamreb gnay ayndirum ignipmadnem malad

ab gnay dirum idajnem nakadnit awhab nakkujnunem ini ameT .ki

gnay nakadniT .aynlisah kitemem naka natahajek uata naranebek

id b helo nakukal ikseM .raneb gnay nakadnit nakapurem icuS u

netid aynnakadnit b numan aynajrek naker helo gnat patet icuS u

nad aynnairidnep adap gnagepreb naknahatrepmem ahasureb suret

gnay kana idajnem habureb kutnu natapmesek irebid raga otiksaW

trepes kiab namet i - b ahasU .aynnial namet ais kadit ataynret icuS u - ais

nuhat rihka id nad kiab kana idajnem otiksaW aynrihka adap anerak

lek kian otiksaw narajalep .sa

.b yelpihS turuneM ameT

levon malad ameT ”itaH auD naumetreP“ nakrasadreb

utiay agitek natakgnit amet kusamret yelpihS turunem amet natakgnit

napudihek libmagnem ini natakgnit adap ameT .laisos takgnit amet

iska tapmet nakapurem gnay ,takaraysam malad - ni skaret aisunam ayni

nad amases nagned napudihek malaD .mala nagnukgnil nagned

.halasam utaus lucnum uata tapadret aynasaib haluti takaraysam

.nakididnep halasam ianegnem utiay ini atirec malad laisos halasaM

em gnay atirec irad iuhatekid tapad tubesret laH nakatirecn

kat ,halokes id kumagnem akus gnay otiksaW amanreb kana gnaroes

namet iakulem ulales uti aynnakuma gnaraj - otiksaW tafiS .aynnamet

gnaro irad naitahrep nad gnayas hisak gnaruk anerak nakbabesid ini

id uti niales ,aynaut inis iraD .gnakekret aguj a b hal gnay icuS u


101

otiksaW taubmem kutnu ahasureb otiksaW salek id urug nakapurem

tubesret naataynrep gnukudnem gnay napituK .kiab gnay kana idajnem

:halada

uam aiD !komagnem aiD !uB ,hubmak otiksaW !icuS uB“”!salek rakabmem

urug ,kareg ilakes nagneD - l urug ujunem nairalreb uka nad ikale aynatreb tapmes safan nagnalihek ,nalaggnitek ukA .uksalek

:atireb awabmep is dirum adapek nailaK ?haram aid nakbabeynem gnay apA ?utigeb apagnem“

”?rakgnetreb raulek uam kadit aiD“ .sarek uti kana hatnab ”!uB ,kadiT“

haritsi ,ayninamenem uam nawak aparebeb nad iduyhaW .tatuki ayas aynidaT .raulek uam kadit aguj - aynah ipat ,tuki

ayaS !idajret gnay apa igal uhat kadiT .raulek suret ratnebes otiksaW ragnedret huaj irad ,licek ramak irad ilabmek

kairetreb - teB !ulud itrepes kairet uka :aynataK !uB ,amas lualek kusam ayaS !aumes nailak icneb ukA !icneb otiksaW ,s

gnitnug nakgnodonem abit utigeB !anam irad hatne - ayas ,abit76 .mlh( ”!rotnak ek iral ,kilabreb - .)86

naker araP .ukdirum naknahatrepmem uka hayap hasus nagneDignignem gnay kaynab hibel ataynret otiksaW naraulegnep nakn

halireB“ .nahatrebisreb uka ipateT .ukgnukudnem gnay irad.tapar malad uknaatnimrep haluti ”,igal nalubes utkaw ayas

aratnemeS“ .lekgnej aynaraus ,urug gnaroes ures ”!nalubeS“bah nalub utas utkaw mulebes ,uti agit uata koseb ilakgnarab ,si


aynagraulek aratnaid ,hamur id utauses idajret halet halitsaP“ uata


s adapek ?takedret aynnagnukgnil ,atik adapek kadit ualak apai ayntubesid tapad gnay aut gnaro ikilimem kadit aid aneraK

.)96 .mlh( ”!ayntakedret nagnukgnil iagabes

.5 uata rataL gnitteS

naktubeynem )612 :5991( orotnayigruN iulalem smarbA turuneM

l awhab rata uata es gnitt ,upmut sadnal iagabes aguj tubesid gnay uata


201

laisos nagnukgnil nad ,utkaw nagnubuh ,tapmet naitregnep adap naraynem

awitsirep aynidajret tapmet - ada ratal rusnU .nakatirecid gnay awitsirep

.laisos ratal nad ,utkaw ratal ,tapmet ratal utiay agit

rataL gnay awitsirep aynidajret isakol adap naraynem tapmet

tapmet rataL .)722 :5991 ,orotnayigruN( iskif haubes malad nakatirecid

levon malad tapadret gnay amatrep gnay itaH auD naumetreP id utiay

lada tukireb naataynrep gnukudnem gnay napituK .nakartnok hamur :ha

aynnatahilek raseb ulalreT .raseb ukimaus kartnokid gnay hamuR halurab ,kusam gnaro utigeb ipateT .amilreb imak igab raul irad gnaur kutneB .aud aynah aynramak aynranebes awhab nauhatek .saul uti hamur awhab nasek rebmem aggnihes ,gnajnamem hagnet

kseM utas haluti ,iracnem amal pukuc nupi - tapmet aynutas .ukasar atic nagned iauses gnilap ukimaus arikid gnay gnuanreb anug aidesret gnay gnau halmuj nakgnutihrepmem surah igalapA nad rumus ,idnam ramak gnitnep gnilap gnaY .tubesret naulrepek

d ada licek ramak .)9 .lah( aynmalad i

levon malad audek gnay tapmet rataL itaH auD naumetreP id utiay

adowruP .idadowruP b narihalek tapmet nakapurem id cuS u nad i

b laggnit tapmet nakapurem napituK .gnarameS ek hadnip mulebes icuS u

:halada tukireb naataynrep gnukudnem gnay

ek aynnaahasurep hadnip id ukimaus ,ulal gnay nalub aparebeB idadowruP id urug idajnem uti utkaw ,iridnes ukA .ini raseb atok apnat ,gnasreg ,licek atok idadowruP .icuS uB naliggnap nagned nupanamiagaB .uknarihalek atok halada uti ipateT .kirat ayad

nkelej itrepes aynlanegnem ukA .anas id pudih asaib uka ,ay id ajrek uka nuhat hulupes ripmaH .iridnes ukaut gnaro lanegnem

.)9 .lah( anas

akapurem gnarameS .gnarameS id utiay agitek gnay tapmet rataL n

b agraulek urab laggnit tapmet gnit akerem gnarameS iD .icuS u id lag

naataynrep gnukudnem gnay napituK .nacirM aynaman nariggnip haread

:halada tukireb


301

akiteK .atok nariggnip haread id laggnit imak ,gnarameS ek hadniP uti nalutebeK .anas ek igrep hanreb muleb uka ,halokesreb hisam

ek nujret imak tapmet hayaliw nakub malad kiaB .nagnapal .rajagnem ketkarpreb nagnujnuk nupuam mumu araces naitilenep gnay nariggnip nakapurem hisam uti haread ,halokes asam iD idajnem nahalrep gnabmekreb ialum nupiksem ,gnosok araggnet halebes id katelreT .nacirM aynamaN .rail nagnupmakrep

.)71 .lah(

akapurem rasaP .rasap utiay tapmeek gnay tapmet rataL tapmet n

b hamur nagned takedret naataynrep gnukudnem gnay napituK .icuS u

:halada tukireb

nagnukgnil ilanegnem tapad uka ,hadnip imak amatrep nalub kajeShalai ukigab gnitnep gnilaP .takedret kana halokes - .rasap nad kana

irah adaP - .naweh rasap idajnem aguj ini rasap ,utnetret irahmacamreB - laujrepid kanret gnatanib macam - igrep kutnU .nakileb

gnaraj ,raseb atok iD .uti tapmet itawelem asaib imak halokes ek irad isawagnem natapmesek naktapadnem kanret gnatanib taked

tagnas uti rasap katel awhab iradaynem ukA .uti itrepes igab nupuam ajnalebreb uam gnay gnaro igab kiaB .taafnamreb

kana nakitahrepuk ilakgnireS .asaib tamagnep - malad gnay kanairah adap anas id itnehreb halokes ek nanalajrep - ap irah naras

atak nakirebuk ,anas id adareb uka nalutebek ualaK .naweh - atak .lah( uti kanret ianegnem napakacrep adap aynulrepes nahabmat

.)71

amilek gnay tapmet rataL uB .salek id utiay naklanekrepmem icuS

dirum adapek irid - aynurab dirum salek malad id apituK . gnay n

:halada tukireb naataynrep gnukudnem

iridreb uka ,utnip ek halokeS alapeK ratnagnem irad ilabmeK uka ,gnadnap salikeS .dirum hulup amil adA .salek isi ipadahgnem ,hibel gnaruK .ukadapek hararet atam sutares hibel gnaruk asarem

muleb uti irah anerak kusam kadit gnay ada ayniadnaeS .nesbaid .ini nagnaur kutnu kaynab ulalret dirum halmuj aynkapman ,nup

dirum adapek irid naklanekrepmem ignalugnem ukA - .dirum nakatirecnem tikides uka ,iatnas hibel idajnem anasaus ayapuS

atakuK .urug iagabes ukrirak tikides nad ukkana apareb alup nak ukkana aud awhab tubesuk apul kadiT .ukimaus naajrekep apa uti igap nakubisek nakhabmatuk aynrihka naD .anas id halokesreb

nohop sinej akrenem - gnay apais aynatreb uka ulaL .aggnam nohophaub nohop iaynupmem - rusgnareB .nahaub - sgna gnaruk naadaek ru


401

gnaroes liggnamem ukA .aman ratfad ukub akubmem uka ,gnaget.)42 .lah( gnaroes imed

b naigab hamur saret id utiay maneek gnay tapmet rataL .gnakale

b nakhasikid uti akiteK keneN hamur id gnujnukreb gnades icuS u

kudnem gnay napituK .otiksaW :halada tukireb naataynrep gnu

nad nahamarek napaser asaret ,uti hamur ek kusam gnaro utigebeS nalanekreb tinem aparebeb urab ,kudud haletes iniK .naarethajesek .naasarek asarem uka ,uti atinaw itah naakubretek tahilem nad

nakaeS - nilas amal hadus imak naka lanegnem nad iuhategnem ggnisam pudih - .gnakaleb naigab hamur id adareb imaK .gnisam

.nugnabid iaseles hamur haletes nakhabmatid natahilek uti sareT top hunep ,tutul iggnites gnidnid helo isatabid ayngnililekeS

raD .saul utigeb kadit nubek huruleS .namanat tapad uka ,ukisruk i nohop kapman ,tudus id huaJ .aynadapirad naigabes gnadnamem ,ayntaked iD .narumej tapmet iribanem lobmoreggnem gnasip aynhauB .erap namanat naruluj aggnaynem oobmab namayna nohop ada riggnip iD .atam nakpadaynem uajih nagnutnagreb

apap .)63 .lah( ria ubmaj nohop,hagnet ek kagA .rejejreb aud ,ay

uti taaS .kirbaP id utiay hujutek gnay tapmet rataL nakhasikid

b namalagnep iulalem dirum kajagnem gnay icuS u - kirbap ek ayndirum

:halada tukireb naataynrep gnukudnem gnay napituK .nanakam

nes ukA kirbap ek uksalek ratnagnem hanrep irid - .nanakam kirbapadneb aratnaid ,nakitahrepuK - ,ukrakus dirum kiranem gnay adneb

rauliD .nakamatuid hibel gnay halaynnanikibmep tala ulalesnagnujnuk malad ,uknaagud - otiksaW ,uti macames nagnujnuk

ugar gnaruk idajnem -r gnusgnal aynatreb ulam kadit aiD .uga libmas ,imak inamenem atres tubmaynem gnay ratnagnep adapek kadit aid ,imak amasreb nalub utas amaleS .nasalejnep rebmem

46 .lah( raulek turut ulales nad solobmem hanrep - .)56

ek gnaur utiay napaledek gnay tapmet rataL gnaur iD .nalipmaret

urug ,nalipmaretek - ayrak lisah tahilem kutnu irid naktapmeynem urug

namet nad otiksaW - naataynrep gnukudnem gnay napituK .aynnamet

:halada tukireb


501

idajnem aynuger amasreb otiksaW ajrek lisah ,atak kednePi utkaw iD .salek isies nanotnot urug ,taharits - nakulremem nial urug

awhab iridnes nakataynem kutnu nalipmaretek gnaur ek gnatad nagned ayrakreb upmam aynkopmolek amasreb ukrakus dirum

gnelak raga naksutumem halokes alapeK ,ayntujnales kutnU .kiab -naur id napmis id aynapip amasreb gnelak nakidajid kutnu uti g

.)66 .lah( nadalet

gnades akiteK .rotnak id utiay nalibmesek gnay tapmet rataL

halas ,rotnak id taharitsi b adap nakropalem dirum gnaroes awhab icuS u

:halada tukireb naataynrep gnukudnem gnay napituK .kumagnem otiksaW

alub agit ripmaH .gnanet nakatakid tapad naadaek ,ajrekeb uka nabiT .ukkana natahesek nupuam otiksaW nalaosrep kiaB - abit

uruG .habureb naadaek - ,rotnak id taharitsireb gnades urughagneret ukdirum gnaroeS .ilabmek kusam gnecnol uggnunem -

uB“ :uresreb gnusgnal ,gnatad hagne !uB ,hubmak otiksaW !icuS.)76 .mlh( ”!salek rakabmem uam aiD !komagnem aiD

iggnip id utiay hulupesek gnay tapmet rataL riggnip iD .nakoles r

b nakoles kutnu rotnak ek aynkajagnem nad otiksaW iripmahgnem icuS u

ituK .idajret aynranebes gnay apa nakatirecnem gnukudnem gnay nap

:halada tukireb naataynrep

id ,nakoles riggnip id kudud otiksaW tahilem hadus uka utnip iDsalek naped hara - libmaS .parisret ukharaD .adumret salek

kiab uksafan rutagnem uka aid itakednem - apagnem gnadeS“ .kiabnreb ukaynat ”?inis id umak kadit aiD .ajas asaib ,hadner ada

aynataM .ukadapek gnadnamem apnat kudud pateT .bawajnem isies idat kajeS“ .ayntahilid gnay apa hatne ,naped ek nakharaid

nagnaj ritawahk aumes imaK .umiracnem salek - umak nagnajnem gnay ada nahalaM !nial tapmet id kumagnem nakatag

ek ilak paites ,igal halokes kusam uam naka kadit umak ilakgnarab hutnesuk ,nabawaj uggnunem apnat naD ”!gnicnamem lanakrijnaB aynnagnaT .turunem aiD .iridreb ayapus aid kiratuk ,aynnagnat .rotnak ujunem gnednaguk aid ,uknamaggneg malad id patet

uK utas halas sata id nakkududek aid ,nagnipmadreb isruk aud teres .)28 .lah( aynadap irad

aynidajret ”napak“ halasam nagned nagnubuhreb utkaw rataL

awitsirep - ”napak“ halasaM .iskif haubes malad nakatirecid gnay awitsirep


601

nagned nakgnubuhid aynasaib tubesret ada gnay utkaw ,lautkaf utkaw

,orotnayigruN( harajes awitsirep nagned naktiakid tapad uata aynnatiak

levon malad amatrep gnay utkaw rataL .)032 :5991 itaH auD naumetreP

uS uB aynamal gnatnet nakhasignem tubesret atireC .nuhat hulupes utiay ic

gnem akitek ja b imaus ,numan idadowruP id ra t icuS u abi - nakhadnipid abit

ek aynajrek irad b uti kutnu gnarameS icuS u naidumek aynagraulek nad

aynkana tapmet DS utas halas id rajagnem nad gnarameS ek hadnip

.halokesreb ,uti halokesreb aynkana tapmet DS iD b naggnem icuS u nakit

nay urug gnaroes halas ialum ai halanas id nad naakalecek anerak tikas g

.otiksaW amanreb lakan gnay ayndirum nagned umetreb nad rajagnem

b atirec malaD eS id rajagnem icuS u gnaram mulukiruK nakanuggnem

.5791 nuhat id naataynrep gnukudnem gnay napituK iagabes halada sata

:tukireb

ek aynnaahasurep hadnip id ukimaus ,ulal gnay nalub aparebeB idadowruP id urug idajnem uti utkaw ,iridnes ukA .ini raseb atok apnat ,gnasreg ,licek atok idadowruP .icuS uB naliggnap nagned

lek atok halada uti ipateT .kirat ayad nupanamiagaB .uknariha itrepes aynlanegnem ukA .anas id pudih asaib uka ,aynkelej id ajrek uka nuhat hulupes ripmaH .iridnes ukaut gnaro lanegnem

.)9 .lah( anas

aiD .halokeS alapeK irad tarus amirenem uka irah utaus adaPumek ada ,aynataK .gnatad ukatnimem rajagnem naka uka nanikgn

uka ,umetreb haleteS .alumes nakanacnerid gnay irad inid hibel aneraK .naakalecek tapadnem urug gnaroes awhab iuhategnem .ilabmek kusam naka urab amal ilakgnarab ,kato ragag atirednem

aamasreb lahadaP .nalub aud tapec gnilap nonoK aud ,aynutkaw n aynah nupikseM .naratanep itukignem takgnareb surah nial urug alapeK .naklaggnitid askapret salek agit sugilakes ,uggnim aud libmaS .salek aud rajagnem kusam uka raga lusu halokeS iujuteynem imak ,nemetrapeD irad nasutupek tarus uggnunem

us .)81 .lah( narayabmep arac uta


701

aguj uka ,urab halokes id ajrekeb ialum nad gnarameS id abiTdiruM .urab mulukiruk itukignem surah - aynah igal kadit dirum

nakparahid ajas kadit akereM .ragnednep iagabes nareprebegnem tapad surah aguj akerem ipatet ,itregnem gnay apa nakajr

naatakreP .itregnem akerem - ,upmam ,tapad ,puggnas naatakreptamailak irad gnitnep naigab idajnem - anaskalep urug tamilak

16 .lah( 5791 mulukiruk - .)26

gnukudnem gnay napituK .irah igap utiay audek gnay utkaw rataL

s halada sata id naataynrep :tukireb iagabe

nakasaruk ,hubus gnayabmes akiteK .harec aradu uti igaP idadowruP itrepes licek atok iD .majnunem gnay nanignidek

nohop tahilem tapad gnaro halitsap - tabel gnay aggnam nohopasaM .agnubreb - najuh ek uaramek misum irad nahilarep asam

nakamanid utkaw adap anerak naD .imak haread id ”gnidideb“ ini“ nakatagnem gnaro alibapa ,nignid ulales aradu naikimed

.)22 .lah( nignid misum haluti awhab itrareb uti ,”gnidideb gnades

gnay atirec malad napituK .eros utiay agitek gnay utkaw rataL

ynrep gnukudnem :tukireb iagabes halada sata id naata

utaus adaP .hamar nagned bawajid otiksaW kenen adapek uktaruS nad kekak hamur ek gnujnukreb uka ,nakutnetid halet gnay eros

imaus gnasapes nagned umetreb ukA .tubesret kenen - ayabes irtsiah imaus iS .ukaut gnaro nagned ,ukimalaynem ratnebes ayn

.)53 .lah( ketkarp ramak ek ilabmek kusam naidumek

gnukudnem gnay napituK .gnatep utiay tapmeek gnay utkaw rataL


lupmas nakiapmaynem ukimaus ,hamur id abit utigebes ,uti gnatePtkod irad satek narabmel aynisI .naahasurep re - lisah satrek

kadit uka ulal satnipeS .agraulekes imak natahesek naaskiremep .imak nadab isidnok ianegnem sereb gnaruk gnay lah nakumenem

atad gnudnagnem gnay satrek ipateT - naadaek naicnirep atadd iripmalid audek ukkana aman mutnacret utas sata iD .lupmas au

aynutas lupmaS .faras ilha :nahabmat nasilut nagned ,nial retkod imak kanA .acabuk areges utI .audreb imak adapek nakujnutid nasalejnep ada kadiT .nikgnum tapeces goloruen ek awabid surah

nial - .)54 .lah( nial


801

aw rataL gnay atirec napituK .gnais utiay amilek gnay utk


aparebeb naped id itnehreb aiD .tecam aynadnoH ,gnais utauS gnulus gnay ukkanA .imak namaidek tapmet irad gnalesreb hamur

ynupmem nad ayntahilem nalutebek ek ayngnadnugnem asrakarp ia gnolonem aiD .uti utkaw gnalup hadus ukimauS .imak hamur nagnubuh naidumeK .uknaker naaradnek nakasurek ikiabrepmem

.)26 .lah( taked hibel idajnem haboreb imak

gnukudnem gnay napituK .malam utiay rihkaret gnay utkaw rataL

nrep :tukireb iagabes halada sata id naatay

uknaaguD .uggnagret tagnas ukrudiT .hasileg uka aynmalaMmacamreb - !igap kose kusam kadit otiksaW ilakgnaraB .macam

gnay nial atajnes uata ,kolog uata ,uasip awabmem kusam uatAret madned salabmem anug nakiregnem hibel .)17 .lah( !ukpadah

lah adap naraynem laisos rataL - nagned nagnubuhreb gnay lah

nakatirecid gnay tapmet utaus id takaraysam laisos napudihek ukalirep

.iskif ayrak malad pukacnem takaraysam laisos napudihek arac ataT

ukuc gnay pukgnul malad halasam iagabreb apureb tapad aI .skelpmok p

arac ,pudih nagnadnap ,nanikayek ,isidart ,tadaitsi tada ,pudih naasaibek

levon malad laisos rataL .)332 :5991 ,orotnayigruN( pakisreb nad rikipreb

itaH auD naumetreP uB agraulek napudihek gnatnet nakatirecnem utiay

it gnay icuS gnay nahubalep atok id ayntapet gnarameS id laggn

isidart nad nasaibek idaJ .huragnep iagabreb gnabreg utnip nakapurem

naigabid ,takaraysam kopmolek helo naknahatrepid gnay - utnetret naigab

gnukudnem gnay napituK .urab naasaibek nagned rupmacreb ini atok

ep :tukireb iagabes nakiaruid sata id naataynr


901

hamuR - gnilas ripmah nakatakid tapaD .natakedreb ulalret hamur imaK .natipmihreb gnilas repmah nakatakid tapaD .natakedreb hamur anerak itah nagnanetek nahanem anamiagab nakasarem

tesak nakarauynem aggnatet - tesak nanialreb gnay ugal nagned gnaY !sarek gnatnal aynaumes naD .naamasreb taas utaus adap malsI naayadubek huragnep ,tudgnad hagnetes submag ugal utas

ledom nagned nakgnayogid gnay kcor . leteynem audek aggnateTk gnasamem aynnial hamuR .sirggni asahabreb ugal gnidneg tesa

,awaj .)31 .lah( sulah nulareb

.6 rusnuratnA nagnubuH

aynaumeS .iridnes iridreb tapad kadit iskif haubes malad rusnU

rusnU .nial amas utas natiakretek ikilimem - naka gnay ini rusnu

.atirec haubes nahutuek nugnabmem

.a hokoT nagned ameT

kot nad ameT gnilas nad tare gnay nagnubuh ikilimem ho

nikgnum kadit atirec haubes malad ameT .nial amas utas gnukudnem

iulalem tisilpmi araces aynah naknialem ,gnusgnal araces nakiapmasid

gnay amet nakiapmaynem isgnufreb hokot uti kutnU .atirec

atirec malad gnudnakret .

uB halada tubesret amet gnukudnem gnay atirec malad hokoT

iulalem nakiapmasid ameT .iduyhaW ,halokeS alapeK ,otiksaW ,icuS

gnukudnem gnay napituK .aynhokot helo imalaid gnay awitsirep

:tukireb iagabes halada naataynrep

m aiD !uB ,hubmak otiksaW !icuS uB“ uam aiD !komagne”!salek rakabmem

urug ,kareg ilakes nagneD - ujunem nairalreb uka nad ikalel urug aynatreb tapmes safan nagnalihek ,nalaggnitek ukA .uksalek

:atireb awabmep is dirum adapek nailaK ?haram aid nakbabeynem gnay apA ?utigeb apagnem“

”?rakgnetreb


011


tuki ayas aynidaT .raulek uam kadit aguj - aynah ipat ,tuki ayaS !idajret gnay apa igal uhat kadiT .raulek suret ratnebes

cek ramak irad ilabmek otiksaW ragnedret huaj irad ,likairetreb - uka :aynataK !uB ,amas luteB !ulud itrepes kairet

alek kusam ayaS !aumes nailak icneb ukA !icneb otiksaW ,s gnitnug nakgnodonem abit utigeB !anam irad hatne - ayas ,abit

76 .mlh( ”!rotnak ek iral ,kilabreb - .)86

nagneD naker araP .ukdirum naknahatrepmem uka hayap hasus kaynab hibel ataynret otiksaW naraulegnep naknignignem gnay halireB“ .nahatrebisreb uka ipateT .ukgnukudnem gnay irad

.tapar malad uknaatnimrep haluti ”,igal nalubes utkaw ayas

rug gnaroes ures ”!nalubeS“ aratnemeS“ .lekgnej aynaraus ,u agit uata koseb ilakgnarab ,sibah nalub utas utkaw mulebes ,uti


aynagraulek aratnaid ,hamur id utauses idajret halet halitsaP“uata alekid aynnaharameK .mareg idajnem aid aggnihes s

naksaipmalid ,atik adapek kadit ualak apais adapek aut gnaro ikilimem kadit aid aneraK ?takedret aynnagnukgnil .mlh( ”!ayntakedret nagnukgnil iagabes ayntubesid tapad gnay

)96

.b rulA nagned hokoT

em tolp nad hokoT gnilas gnay atkaf aud nakapur

anerak nial gnay nagned utas nakgnutnugnem nad ihuragnepmem

apnat hokot nagned alup utigeb idajret tapad kadit rula ,hokot apnat

idaJ .atirec haubes kutnebmem uata idajnem naka kadit rula aynada

ot ada ulales rula napahat adap nakukalid gnay awitsirep nad hok helo

nakrapapid naka ini tukireB .atirec utaus kutnebmem gnay hokot

.rula nagned hokot aratna natiakretek

narapaP

m narapaP narapaP .atirec utaus lawa amatu isgnuf nakapure

levon malad ”itaH auD naumetreP“ uata nakrapamem


111

pmem .icuS ub urab laggnit tapmet naklanekre gnaroes halada icuS uB

helo hadnipid aynimaus anerak numan ,idadowruP id urug

.ajrekeb aynimaus tapmet ek hadnip tuki icuS uB akam aynnahasurep

:aynnapituk halada ini tukireB

.raseb ukimaus kartnokid gnay hamuR T ipateT .amilreb imak igab raul irad aynnatahilek raseb ulalre

aynranebes awhab nauhatek halurab ,kusam gnaro utigeb ,gnajnamem hagnet gnaur kutneB .aud aynah aynramak nupikseM .saul uti hamur awhab nasek rebmem aggnihes

utas haluti ,iracnem amal pukuc - utas gnay gnuanreb tapmet aynatic nagned iauses gnilap ukimaus arikid - surah igalapA .ukasar

anug aidesret gnay gnau halmuj nakgnutihrepmem alup rumus ,idnam ramak ,gnitnep gnilap gnaY .tubesret naulrepek

.aynmalad id ada licek ramak nad lal gnay nalub aparebeB ek aynnaahasurep hadnipid ukimaus ,u

id urug idajnem uti utkaw ,iridnes ukA .ini raseb atok ,licek atok idadowruP .icuS uB naliggnap nagned idadowruP .uknarihalek atok halada uti ipateT .kirat ayad apnat ,gnasreg

s id pudih asaib uka ,aynkelej nupanamiagaB ukA .ana ripmaH .iridnes ukaut gnaro lanegnem itrepes aynlanegnem

.)9 .mlh( anas id urug idajnem uka nuhat hulupes

nagnasgnaR

a nagnasgnaR aynlubmit ilawagnem gnay awitsirep halad

gnaroes aynkusam helo naklubmitid gnires nagnasgnaR .natawag

ay urab hokot ialumid nagnasgnaR .rotasilatak iagapes ukalreb gn

b akitek lo ajrek naliggnap tarus tapadnem icuS u halokeS alapeK he

b nad urug nakitnaggnem kutnu rajagnem areges kutnu atnimid icuS u

rawat amirenem icuS uB .naakalecek anerak tikas gnades gnay na

bureb idajnem naadaek numan ,halokeS alapeK abit akitek ha - kana abit

b audek :aynnapituk halada ini tukireB .tikas hutaj icuS u


211

aiD .halokeS alapeK irad tarus amirenem uka irah utaus adaP naka uka nanikgnumek ada ,aynataK .gnatad ukatnimem

hibel rajagnem .alumes nakanacnerid halet gnay irad inid urug gnaroes awhab iuhategnem uka ,umetreb haleteS ilakgnarab ,kato ragag atirednem aneraK .naakalecek tapadnem .nalub aud tapec gnilap nonoK .ilabmek kusam naka urab amal

nial urug aud ,aynutkaw naamasreb lahadaP takgnareb surah sugilakes ,uggnim aud aynah nupikseM .naratanep itukignem uka raga lusu halokeS alapeK .naklaggnitret askapret salek agit tarus uggnunem libmaS .salek aud rajagnem nad kusam arac utaus iujuteynem imak ,nemetrapeD irad nasutupek

.narayabmep apnat ajrekeb uam kadit uka ajas utnet aneraK naajrekep adapek ukatnic aynraseb nupanamiagaB .nalabmi ialum naka napak nakaracibmem imak ulaL !urug iagabes tapeces ayapus nakrujnagnem halokeS alapeK .rajagnem

nacnibreb aratnemeS .ajrekeb kusam uka nikgnum g- gnacnib rikipreb uka ,uti ukurab rirak ialum naka uka irah ianegnem

haduM .ukaudek kana adapek - tahes areges aid nahadum signanem ,lewer aid ilakgnires ,hadnip imak kajeS .ilabmek aynatak ,aynatid ualaK .natahilek atayn gnay babes apnat

.gnisup aynalapek ilakes tapec aid ,aynnaasaibek irad niaL ilakgnires hemer gnay utauses nakbabesiD .gnuggnisret aradu ilakgnarab ,atakreb ukimauS .aynkida nagned rakgnetreb .kawU ada halgnutnU .aid igab kococ gnaruk gnarameS atok

rabas nagned ,lewer uti ukkana ilak paiteS kujubmem kawU naikimed patet uti kana naadaek ualaK .ayninayalem nad

turalreb nagned - naklaggninem gnanet gnaruk asarem uka ,tural uksagut igal ialumem naka aribmeg uka lahadaP .hamur

.)91 .mlh( urug iagabes

natawaG

a natawaG ad klubmitid gnay napahat hal .nagnasgnar helo na

nagnatnetrep nad halokes kusam kadit otiksaW akitek idajret natawaG

namet irad lucnum - raga nakparahgnem akerem ,otiksaW namet

uggnagid kadit akerem naparah nagned halokes irad raulek otiksaW

napituk halada ini tukireB .otiksaW helo igal :ayn

”!gnanes nahalam imaK !uB ,kusam kadit otiksaW raiB“ abit gnay araus helo tujekret uka igal ilakeS - ukA .ini abit.naupmerep dirum ,aracibmep is hara ek helonem


311

dirum araus ”,ada kadit aid ualak gnanet saleK !uB ,luteb aY“ikal - aget amas gnay nial ikal .uti tapadnep naktaugnem ayns

”,uktamilak isi nad adan nahanem uka gnanet ”?ay ,O”?apagneM

?natubirek nikibmeM ?uarugreb akuS otiksaW aneraK ”!akus aguj imak uti ualaK !uarugreb nakuB !kadit ,hO“

irad ragnedret uti nahabmat ”!uB ,ilakes tahaJ !tahaj aiD“ hara72 .mlh( amas gnay naupmerep dirum - .)82

naidumek rakgnetreB ?tulegreb nailaK ?aynidajret anamiagaB“

”? ihalekreb ”!uB ,kadiT‘

”!lukupid ulaL !rakgnetreb gnamem ,ayas ualaK“ abiT .uB ,naklaosrepid gnay ada apnat ilak nakaynabeK - abit

a tucemem aid ajas .lagejnem gnires gnilap gnaY .lukumem uatarup aid uti haduseS - inareb ialum ojrahaR ”!uhat kadit arup

.tujnal hibel ropalem .nakatakuk aynkiabes gnay hakapa rikipreB .maidret ukA ukA .uknaaynatrep bawajnem gnay ada kadit taaseS

hasuuK .gnililekes gnadnamem .akubret patet anasaus raga nakadiruM - itah isi nakraulegnem asaulel asarem patet surah dirum

hibel naka uka naikimed arac nagned aynah aneraK .akerem .uti otiksaW apais iuhategnem

ropal surah ,haradreb akul ada ualak ,narutarep turuneM“keS alapeK adapek .igal ukatak ”,halo

”!rulet rasebes kakgneb ayneroS .lukupid ayas ihad ,ilak utaS“.aynnamalagnep nakatirecnem dirum gnaroeS



uti gnameM sala itah nakgnanenem hadum gnilap gnay na adap aneraK .aynragnednem gnanes kaga ukA .aut gnaro

kana ,aynmumu - natapmesek tapadnem akus aid rasebes kana.urug uata nawak lukupid akij udagnem

”?otiksaW nagned nasurureb hanrep gnay igal apaiS“ irapmelid ayaS“ utab - ipateT .anek kadit gnutnU .uB ,raseb utab

”!hamur id haram anek ayaS .hacep ayas adepes upmal ”?aynnakhacemem gnay otiksaW awhab anakatak umaK“


:tuhaynem ulaL .irid maidreb uti tirum ratnebeS dit ayaS“ ”.halokeS id arakrep nikib kapaB akus ka

dirum gnaroes ragnedret kadadneM .ipes idajnem salek taaseS:nahalreb atakreb

”!uB ,kusam kadit aid kiab hibeL‘


411

hadum ,aY“ - .nial dirum gnubmaS ”!hadnip aid nahadum raulek aid nakraulekid apnaT !utigeb ualak gnutnU“ ”!iridnes

ituhaynem aynnawak 82 .mlh( - .)92

kilfnoK uata naiakiT

da kilfnoK aynada tabika iagabes lubmit gnay nahisilesrep hala

kek aud kilfnoK .nagnatnetreb gnay natau akitek idajret ini atirec malad

ni tukireB .aynsalek id natubirek taubmem hubmak otiksaW halada i

:aynnapituk

abiT - uruG .haboreb naadaek abit - id taharitsireb gnades urugoeS .ilabmek kusam gnecnol uggnunem ,rotnak ukdirum gnar

hagneret - atad hagne :uresreb gnusgnal ,gn uam aiD !komagnem aiD !uB ,hubmak otiksaW !icuS uB“

”!salek rakabmem s nagneD urug ,kareg ilake - ujunem nairalreb uka nad ikalel urug

aynatreb tapmes safan nagnalihek ,nalaggnitek ukA .uksalek:atireb awabmep is dirum adapek

nailaK ?haram aid nakbabeynem gnay apA ?utigeb apagnem“”?rakgnetreb

aiD“ .sarek uti kana hatnab ”!uB ,kadiT“ raulek uam kadit ,ayninamenem uam nawak aparebeb nad iduyhaW .taharitsi

tuki ayas aynidaT .raulek uam kadit aguj - aynah ipat ,tuki ayaS !idajret gnay apa igal uhat kadiT .raulek suret ratnebes otiksaW ragnedret huaj irad ,licek ramak irad ilabmek

kairetreb - uka :aynataK !uB ,amas luteB !ulud itrepes kairetalek kusam ayaS !aumes nailak icneb ukA !icneb otiksaW ,s

gnitnug nakgnodonem abit utigeB !anam irad hatne - ayas ,abit76 .mlh( ”!rotnak ek iral ,kilabreb - .)86

natimuR

a natimuR alajeg irad nagnabmekrep halad ujunem naiakit alum

natimuR .skamilk ek b akitek utiay ini atirec malad icuS u

.halokes irad nakraulekid kadit raga otiksaW naknahatrepmem ahasU

b halada ini tukireB .nial urug naker helo gnatnetid ataynret icuS u

:aynnapituk


511

ek nakgnacnoggnem uti awitsireP adapek halokes naayacrep naklusugnem gnay urug naker kaynab gnaret sureT .otiksaW hadus nalakanek takgniT .ajas nakraulekid uti dirum raga .nakayahabmem takgnit iapmas hadus gnarakeS .iuapmalret

salek id abit imak uti iraH .aid nakgnidnurem amal tapar imaK dirum turunem nakgnadeS .gnitnug naniamrep tahilem aynah -

otiksaW ,gnatad uka nad halokeS alapeK mulebes ,nial dirumrapmelem - alages ek nakalaynid halet gnay ipa kerok nakrapmel

.ukdirum naknahatrepmem uka hayap hasus nagneD .urujnepnignem gnay naker araP ataynret otiksaW naraulegnep naknig

uka ipateT .ukgnukudnem gnay irad kaynab hibel.nahatrebisreb


aratnemeS“ .lekgnej aynaraus ,urug gnaroes ures ”!nalubeS“h nalub utas utkaw mulebes ,uti agit uata koseb ilakgnarab ,siba




adapek ?takedret aynnagnukgnil ,atik adapek kadit ualak apais ayntubesid tapad gnay aut gnaro ikilimem kadit aid aneraK

”!ayntakedret nagnukgnil iagabes ,ayntabika gnuggnanem gnay atik ,haram aid ilak paites ualaK“

kadiT !lida kadit uti ,aynnabrok idajnem atik malad kusamret”!rajagnem atik saguT !mulukiruk nupuam margorp

ulalret anerak ,aleynem tapec uka ”,sagut ianegnem aracibreB“ ukitah isi nakaratugnem natapmesek tapadnem itah gnanesreb kusamret aguj atik sagut arik ayaS“ .nakididnep ianegnem


.aid itregnem nad lanegnem ialum asarem ayas ,ini dirum nad imak ipateT .ayas padahret naikimed aguj aid ilakgnaraB

”.igal utkaw nakulremem hisam audreb A taubuk araus adaN .halokeS alapeK haraek helonem uk

raneb - :itah hadner raneb naD ”!igal nalub utas irebid nohom ayaS !kaP ,nalub utaS“

naker har aek radegnem ukgnadnap nakgnayaluk - uknaker:naksurenem

gnay nahaburep ada kadit uti utkaw satab malad ualaKmem pakis nagned nahubmakek idajret nahalam ualak ,kiab

ayas igal ilakes helob ualaK !halharesret,nakayahabmem gnay gnay kana naklicugnem atik sagut nakub ,naktagnignem


611

luteb aiD .otiksaW itrepes gnalam - aynaH .atirednem lutebutigeb kadekem gnay aynnasaipmalep tukat gnaro aumes ulal ,

96 .mlh( ”.aynadapek - .)07

skamilK

natimur alibapa iapacret skamilK )53 :8991( namijduS turuneM

:0002( otnayiraH turunem nakgnadeS .aynnatabehek kacnup iapacnem

a skamilk )93 .atirec kacnup kitit halad B pahat nakapurem ini naiga na

.aynlamitpo kitit iapacnem idajret gnay nagnatnetrep akitek skamilK

ialin isireb aynropar otiksaW akitek ialumid - nad lamron akgna ialin

halada tukireB .salek kian otiksaW ,narajalep nuhat rihkaid

:aynnapituk

akgna isireb ayntukireb ropaR - .lamron akgna kutnU tapmet hiarem lisareb gnay aynsarek ahasu ihaidahgnem imak otiksaW narubil utkaw adap ,”asaib“ dirum iagabes kajaid aiD .idadowruP imak licek atok kognenem awhab

saupes gnicnamem ukimaus - kadit uka naD .aynitah saupalret uti ukijnaj ihunemem laseynem ilabmekes anerak ,inid ul

haloeS .haboreb nikames aid nakitahrepuk ,narubil irad - halo .ajas asaib irad hibel gnay dirum idajnem kutnu daketreb aid

kana sirab malad ek ratfadret ulales aid aynsuretes kutnU - kana,narajalep nuhat rihkA .uksalek id iadnap gnay kian otiksaW

.)58 .lah( salek

naiaseleyneP

m naiaseleyneP nakapure .atirec putunep uata rihka naigab

levon malad naiaseleyneP P itaH auD naumetre aynehduB utiay

adapek hisak amiret nakpacugnem kutnu halokes ek gnatad otiksaW

kireB .urug nad halokeS alapeK :aynnapituk halada tu

ada[ek hisak amiretreb aiD .halokes ek gnatad aynehduB ukA .iridnes ukadapek nad ,urug arap ,halokeS alapeK .otiksaW gnolonem tapad aribmeg uka awhab bawajnem

asab apureb aynah nakaynabek hisak amiret napacU - ipatet ,isab


711

ggnuses gnay urug imaK .iagrah imak tagnas aynhu - urugatak amirenem asaib ulalret rasaD halokeS - uata naleses atak

kidid kana akij ,aynkilabeS .salek kian kadit dirum akij naicac aut gnaro aggnihes aynitsemes lah iagabes paggnaid uti ,kian

pekreb asarem kadit ilaw uata imak ignujnugnem nagnitne asiret asar nakawabmem igalapA .imalaynem radekes kutnu

.)58 .mlh( !akerem hisak

.c rataL nagned hokoT

nad tare gnay nagnubuh iaynupmem nahokonep nagned rataL

tafiS .kilab labmit tafisreb - naka lah kaynab lah malad ratal tafis

epmem tafis ihuragn - akij nahibelreb kat ilakgnarab ,nakhaB .hokot tafis

aynratal naadaek helo kutnebid naka gnaroeses tafis awhab nakatakid

levoN .)522 :5991 ,orotnayigruN( itaH auD naumetreP nakatirecnem

p b amanreb urug gnaroes nagnaujre ipmadnem malad icuS u ign

.kiab gnay dirum idajnem lisahreb aggnihes halasamreb gnay ayndirum

:tukireb iagabes nakiaruid sata id naataynrep gnukudnem gnay napituK


ga hadus nalakanek takgniT .ajas nakraulekid uti dirum ra .nakayahabmem takgnit iapmas hadus gnarakeS .iuapmalret salek id abit imak uti iraH .aid nakgnidnurem amal tapar imaK

dirum turunem nakgnadeS .gnitnug naniamrep tahilem aynah -alapeK mulebes ,nial dirum otiksaW ,gnatad uka nad halokeS

rapmelem - alages ek nakalaynid halet gnay ipa kerok nakrapmel .ukdirum naknahatrepmem uka hayap hasus nagneD .urujnep ataynret otiksaW naraulegnep naknignignem gnay naker araP uka ipateT .ukgnukudnem gnay irad kaynab hibel

b .nahatrebisre


aratnemeS“ .lekgnej aynaraus ,urug gnaroes ures ”!nalubeS“ agit uata koseb ilakgnarab ,sibah nalub utas utkaw mulebes ,uti

halokes rakabmeM !adnA salek rakabmem aid igal irah ”!atik :naalebmep nakhabmanem ukA


811



?takedret aynnagnukgnil ,atik adapek kadit ualak apais adapeko ikilimem kadit aid aneraK ayntubesid tapad gnay aut gnar

”!ayntakedret nagnukgnil iagabes ,ayntabika gnuggnanem gnay atik ,haram aid ilak paites ualaK“ malad kusamret kadiT !lida kadit uti ,aynnabrok idajnem atik

”!rajagnem atik saguT !mulukiruk nupuam margorp t ianegnem aracibreB“ ulalret anerak ,aleynem tapec uka ”,sagu

ukitah isi nakaratugnem natapmesek tapadnem itah gnanesreb kusamret aguj atik sagut arik ayaS“ .nakididnep ianegnem


.aid itregnem nad lanegnem ialum asarem ayas ,ini dirum nad imak ipateT .ayas padahret naikimed aguj aid ilakgnaraB

”.igal utkaw nakulremem hisam audreb taubuk araus adaN .halokeS alapeK haraek helonem ukA

raneb - :itah hadner raneb b utaS“ naD ”!igal nalub utas irebid nohom ayaS !kaP ,nalu

naker har aek radegnem ukgnadnap nakgnayaluk - uknaker:naksurenem

gnay nahaburep ada kadit uti utkaw satab malad ualaK pakis nagned nahubmakek idajret nahalam ualak ,kiabmem

K !halharesret,nakayahabmem gnay ayas igal ilakes helob uala gnay kana naklicugnem atik sagut nakub ,naktagnignem

luteb aiD .otiksaW itrepes gnalam - aynaH .atirednem luteb tukat gnaro aumes ulal ,utigeb kadekem gnay aynnasaipmalep

96 .mlh( ”.aynadapek - .)07

.d rataL nagned ameT

kapurem rataL idajnem gnay laisos naadaek nad taas ,tapmet na

rataL .naidajek utauses ianekid nad nakukalem hokot tapmet hadaw

naka rataL .hokot padahret naniamrep ”naruta“ nakirebmem tafisreb

hadus gnay amet ,aynkilabes uatA .amet nahilimep ihuragnepmem

em naka hilipid gnukudnem upmam nad ratal nahilimep tutnun



911

iagabes nakiaruid sata id naataynrep gnukudnem gnay napituK

:tukireb


raga hadus nalakanek takgniT .ajas nakraulekid uti dirum .nakayahabmem takgnit iapmas hadus gnarakeS .iuapmalret salek id abit imak uti iraH .aid nakgnidnurem amal tapar imaK

dirum turunem nakgnadeS .gnitnug naniamrep tahilem aynah -S alapeK mulebes ,nial dirum otiksaW ,gnatad uka nad haloke

rapmelem - alages ek nakalaynid halet gnay ipa kerok nakrapmel .ukdirum naknahatrepmem uka hayap hasus nagneD .urujnep ataynret otiksaW naraulegnep naknignignem gnay naker araP

reb uka ipateT .ukgnukudnem gnay irad kaynab hibel nahatrebis.)96 .lah(

.C nasahabmeP

levoN itaH auD naumetreP kisnirtni rusnu ikilimem iniD .hN ayrak

,numaN .gnadnap tudus nad ,tanama ,amet ,asahab ,rula ,hokot itupilem gnay

gnay ini naitilenep malad ,rula ,amet aynah sisilanaid hokot uata ratal nad

ittes gn tapadret gnay ukalep arap halada hokot )03 :6002( imtayiW turuneM .

.iskif haubes malad malad hokoT levoN itaH auD naumetreP ada git saleb a

,iduyhaW ,onraM ,ojrahaR ,halokeS alapeK ,otiksaW ,icus uB utiay hokot

keneN ,koneD ,iniR ,hisraK kawU , , gnuluS d uruG na nakapurem icuS uB .

atirec malad nalucnumek satisnetni anerak sinogatorp hokot nad amatu hokot

sinogatna hokot nakapurem otiksaW .atirec tasup idajnem nad gnires tagnas

,onraM ,ojrahaR ,halokeS alapeK .gnabmekreb hokot iagabes sugilakes

raK ,iduyhaW keneN ,koneD ,iniR ,his kawU , , gnuluS uruG nad nakapurem

,kaynab kadit atirec malad nalucnumek satisnetni anerak nahabmat hokot

hokot numan - .atirec nalaj nakpudihgnem malad utnabmem tubesret hokot


021

aturu isireb gnay atirec halada tolp nakakumegnem notnatS ,naidajek n

awitsirep ,tabika babes araces nakgnubuhid aynah uti naidajek pait numan

nial gnay awitsirep aynidajret nakbabeynem uata nakbabesid utas gnay

levon malad rulA .)311 :5991 ,orotnayigruN( itaH auD naumetreP nakapurem

fisergorp uata surul rula ak sigolonork tafisreb nakhasikid gnay awitsirep aner

rutkurtS .rihka nad ,hagnet ,lawa irad nagnubmanisekreb nad atirec malad rula

narapap itupilem reb gnay b hokot nad ratal nalanegnep isi s icuS u tasup iagabe

ilawagnem gnay awitsirep halai nagnasgnaR .atirec .natawag aynlubmit

gnay urab hokot gnaroes aynkusam helo naklubmitid gnires nagnasgnaR

.rotasilatak iagapes ukalreb b akitek ialumid nagnasgnaR tapadnem icuS u

naliggnap tarus b nad halokeS alapeK helo ajrek areges kutnu atnimid icuS u

aggnem kutnu rajagnem uB .naakalecek anerak tikas gnades gnay urug nakitn

bureb idajnem naadaek numan ,halokeS alapeK narawat amirenem icuS ha

abit akitek - b audek kana abit halada ayntukireb pahaT .tikas hutaj icuS u

namet irad nagnatnetrep lubmit akitek iadnatid utiay natawag - et otiksaW nam

naka kadit akerem naparah nagned raulek otiksaW raga nakparahgnem akerem

K .igal uggnagid anerak sanamem lanoisome anasaus ini napahat adap ,kilfno

.nataukek hibel uata aud nagnatnetrep aynada kilfnoK idajret ini atirec malad

k otiksaW akitek .aynsalek id natubirek taubmem hubma natimuR atirec malad

b akitek utiay ini irad nakraulekid kadit raga otiksaW naknahatrepmem icuS u

halokes nad u ahas b o gnatnetid ataynret icuS u ker hel pahaT .nial urug na

k ayntujnales utiay skamil ihkareb nagned iadnatid nad narajalep nuhat aynr

salek kian tapad otiksaW naiaseleynep halada rihkaret gnay rula pahat nad .


121

ni atirec malad naiaseleyneP duB ayngnatad nagned iadnatid i gnay otiksaW e

ek hisak amiret nakpacugnem kutnu halokes ek gnatad halokes alapek adap

adapek nad b .icuS u

levoN malad ameT itaH auD naumetreP gnaroes nagnaujrep halada

urug b amanreb halasamreb gnay ayndirum ignipmadnem malad icuS u

kiab gnay dirum idajnem lisahreb aggnihes halada tubesret amet aynadA .

hab acabmep adapek nakiapmasid nigni gnay narabmag urug gnaroes sagut aw

dirum kididnem aguj ipatet rajagnem aynah kadit - idajnem raga ayndirum

anugreb nad kiab gnay dirum .nial gnaro nad aynirid igab

levon malad rataL itaH auD naumetreP ,tapmet ratal utiay agit ada

et rataL .laisos ratal nad ,utkaw ratal ,nakartnok id utiay ini atirec malad tapm

rotnak ,kirbap ,hamur saret ,salek malad id ,rasap ,gnarameS ,idadowruP

idajret utiay utkaw rataL .nakoles riggnip id nad nalipmaretek gnaur ,halokes

s ratal nakgnadeS .malam nad gnatep ,eros ,gnais ,irah igap adap laiso

atirecnem b agraulek napudihek gnatnet nak gnarameS id laggnit gnay icuS u

.huragnep iagabreb gnabreg utnip nakapurem gnay nahubalep atok id ayntapet

levoN .iridnes iridreb tapad kadit artsas ayrak haubes malad rusnU

itaH auD naumetreP ikilimem rusnu -u uti aynaumeS gnay kisnirtni rusn

.kilab labmit nagnubuh ikilimem nad nial amas utas natiakretek ikilimem

rusnU - haubes nahutuek kutnebmem nad nugnabmem naka gnay halini rusnu

hokoT .acabmep helo itamkinid nad acabid tapad gnay atirec - atirec hokot

nakapurem sagutreb gnay haluti atirec malad hokot aynitra amet malad ukalep

.hokot ratna golaid nad hokot arap ukal hakgnit iulalem amet nakiapmaynem


221

iulalem nakumetid tapad amet anerak ,natiakreb gnilas aguj amet nad rulA

rula nagned hokot ,uti nialeS .atirec nalaj gnilas gnay naigab nakapurem aguj

atkaf aud nakapurem hokot nad rula awhab nakkujnunem ini lah natiakreb

anerak nial gnay nagned utas nakgnutnugnem nad ihuragnepmem gnilas gnay

aynada apnat hokot nagned alup utigeb idajret tapad kadit rula ,hokot apnat

la aynada itkub iagabeS .atirec haubes kutnebmem uata idajnem naka kadit ru

nad hokot ada akij idajret naka skamilk nagned iapmas kilfnok ,naidajek

itrepes hokot ukalep onraM ,ojrahaR ,otiksaW ,)uka( icuS uB alapeK ,

S haloke ,kawU ,iniR ,koneD ,gnuluS ,hisraK , ,iduyhaW keneN gnay

levon malad atirec kutnebmem itaH auD naumetreP . nagned ratal ,uti nialeS

aynada nakujnutid ini laH .kilab labmit tafisreb nad natiakreb aguj nial rusnu

tafiS .hokot nagned ratal nagnubuh - naka lah kaynab malad ,ratal tafis

uragnepmem tafis ih - akij nahibelreb kat ilakgnarab ,nakhaB .hokot tafis

tal naadaek helo kutnebid naka gnaroeses tafis awhab nakatakid .aynra


21 3

V BAB

PUTUNEP

.A nalupmiseK

levoN itaH auD naumetreP kisnirtni rusnu ikilimem iniD .hN ayrak

,rula ,hokot itupilem gnay ,numaN .gnadnap tudus nad ,tanama ,amet ,asahab

gnay ini naitilenep malad ,rula ,amet aynah sisilanaid hokot uata ratal nad

gnittes tapadret gnay ukalep arap halada hokot )03 :6002( imtayiW turuneM .

levoN .iskif haubes malad itaH auD naumetreP agit saleb uB utiay hokot

,iniR ,hisraK ,iduyhaW ,onraM ,ojrahaR ,halokeS alapeK ,otiksaW ,icus

keneN ,koneD kawU , , gnuluS uruG nad nad amatu hokot nakapurem icuS uB .

iagabes sugilakes sinogatna hokot nakapurem otiksaW .sinogatorp hokot

.gnabmekreb hokot abmat hokoT utiay aynnah ,ojrahaR ,halokeS alapeK

keneN ,koneD ,iniR ,hisraK ,iduyhaW ,onraM kawU , , gnuluS uruG nad , .

atirec rulA levon malad itaH auD naumetreP narapap itupilem gnay

reb b hokot nad ratal nalanegnep isi s icuS u .atirec tasup iagabe nagnasgnaR

ek ialumid akit b naliggnap tarus tapadnem icuS u halokeS alapeK helo ajrek

b nad gnay urug nakitnaggnem kutnu rajagnem areges kutnu atnimid icuS u

erak tikas gnades b .naakalecek an ,halokeS alapeK narawat amirenem icuS u

bureb idajnem naadaek numan abit akitek ha - a abit b audek kan hutaj icuS u

halada ayntukireb pahaT .tikas lubmit akitek iadnatid utiay natawag

namet irad nagnatnetrep - otiksaW raga nakparahgnem akerem otiksaW namet

kilfnoK .igal uggnagid naka kadit akerem naparah nagned raulek atirec malad


421

itek idajret ini .aynsalek id natubirek taubmem hubmak otiksaW ak natimuR

b akitek utiay ini atirec malad kadit raga otiksaW naknahatrepmem icuS u

halokes irad nakraulekid nad u b ahas o gnatnetid ataynret icuS u urug naker hel

utiay skamilK ayntujnales pahaT .nial ed iadnatid nuhat aynrihkareb nagn

salek kian tapad otiksaW nad narajalep halada rihkaret gnay rula pahat nad

naiaseleynep . d iadnatid ini atirec malad naiaseleyneP duB ayngnatad nagne e

ek hisak amiret nakpacugnem kutnu halokes ek gnatad gnay otiksaW adap

halokes alapek b adapek nad .icuS u levon malad rulA itaH auD naumetreP

nakapurem fisergorp uata surul rula tafisreb nakhasikid gnay awitsirep anerak

.rihka nad ,hagnet ,lawa irad nagnubmanisekreb nad sigolonork

levoN malad ameT itaH auD naumetreP roes nagnaujrep halada gna

urug b amanreb halasamreb gnay ayndirum ignipmadnem malad icuS u

kiab gnay dirum idajnem lisahreb aggnihes halada tubesret amet aynadA .

urug gnaroes sagut awhab acabmep adapek nakiapmasid nigni gnay narabmag

rum kididnem aguj ipatet rajagnem aynah kadit di - idajnem raga ayndirum

anugreb nad kiab gnay dirum nial gnaro nad aynirid igab .

levon malad rataL itaH auD naumetreP ,tapmet ratal utiay agit ada

,nakartnok id utiay ini atirec malad tapmet rataL .laisos ratal nad ,utkaw ratal

rasap ,gnarameS ,idadowruP rotnak ,kirbap ,hamur saret ,salek malad id ,

idajret utiay utkaw rataL .nakoles riggnip id nad nalipmaretek gnaur ,halokes

laisos ratal nakgnadeS .malam nad gnatep ,eros ,gnais ,irah igap adap

d laggnit gnay icuS uB agraulek napudihek gnatnet nakatirecnem gnarameS i

.huragnep iagabreb gnabreg utnip nakapurem gnay nahubalep atok id ayntapet


521

levoN .iridnes iridreb tapad kadit artsas ayrak haubes malad rusnU

itaH auD naumetreP ikilimem rusnu - uti aynaumeS gnay kisnirtni rusnu

nial amas utas natiakretek ikilimem .kilab labmit nagnubuh ikilimem nad

rusnU - haubes nahutuek kutnebmem nad nugnabmem naka gnay halini rusnu

.acabmep helo itamkinid nad acabid tapad gnay atirec

.B isakilpmI

nakrasadreB sisilana ,sata id nasahabmep nad naitilenep lisah

kurts met aynsusuhk larut t ,rula ,a hoko ratal nad levon malad auD naumetreP

itaH gnay iroet taugnep itkub iagabes nakanugid tapad iniD .hN ayrak

sahabmem tubesret sisilanA .nakanugid rusnu ratna nagnubuh nad rusnu gnay

s ayrak haubes kutnebmem kutnu nial amas utas gnukudnem gnilas gnay artsa

levon malad dujuwret gnay hutu itaH auD naumetreP iulalem nakitkubid halet

nasep nakumenem asib atik ini naitilenep iulalem ,uti nialeS .naitilenep - nasep

tapad uti larom nasep nad levon artsas ayrak malad gnudnakret gnay laisos

mep igab hotnocid .aynacab

.C naraS

nakrasadreB naras nakirebmem nigni itilenep ,sata id naitilenep lisah

levon sisilana lisah acabmem kutnu acabmep igab itaH auD naumetreP ayrak

,uti nialeS .aynnagnarukek nad nahibelek ialinem tapad aggnihes iniD .hN

akparahid ini naitilenep nagnabmus nakirebmem n ayakrepmem nad narikip

artsas gnatnet tukgnaynem gnay aisenodnI asahab nauhategnep umli

malad aynsusuhk ,amet sisilanagnem nahokonep naratalep nad narulagnep , .


621

AKATSUP RATFAD

.5002 .sankidpeD aisenodnI asahaB raseB sumaK isidE : III ialaB :atrakaJ .akatsuP .

.hN ,iniD .9002 itaH auD naumetreP . amatU akatsuP aidemarG :atrakaJ .

.9002 .anilegnA ,aaW anirbeF “ tasesreT takialaM“ amarD haksaN kisnirtnI rusnU

malad aynisatnemelpmI nad ikujdraM .J.R ayraK ”biajA somreT nadarajalebmeP AMS id artsaS n ”. ispirkS satisrevinU DISBP :atrakaygoY .

amrahD atanaS .

,otnayiraH .0002 .P amarD rajaleB ratnagneP . .naktibretiD kadiT tatkiDatrakaygoY amrahD atanaS satisrevinU :atrakaygoY .

.9891 .yxeL ,gneoloM fitatilauK naitileneP igolodoteM nudnaB . ajdameR :g

.VC ayraK

.5991 .nahruB ,orotnayigruN iskiF naijakgneP iroeT adaM hajaG :atrakaygoY .sserP ytisrevinU .

.6002 .iwD anitsuY ,H naiD amatkO rusnU“ - raomeM levoN kisnirtnI rusnu

malad aynisatnemelpmI atres nedloG ruhtrA ayraK ahsieG gnaroeSalebmeP ”AMS id artsaS naraj . ispirkS satisrevinU DISBP :atrakaygoY .

amrahD atanaS .

.7891 .okojD tamhcaR ,opodarP isiuP naijakgneP adaM hajaG :atrakaygoY .sserP ytisrevinU .

1002 .adniluraD itiS ,isnanigeR . “ gnukineM nalaJ levoN larutkurtS sisilanA

yaK ramu ayraK iagabes nahokoneP kepsa aynisatnemelpmI naD maUMS id artsas narajalebmeP nahab ”. ispirkS DISBP :atrakaygoY .

amrahD atanaS satisrevinU .

.2991 .idE .D ,otorbuS larutkutS kitsiugniL naitileneP adoteM ratnagneP .:atrakaruS sserP ytisrevinU teraM salebeS .

uS .3991 .otnayrad asahaB sisilanA kinkeT akenA nad edoteM . atuD :atrakaygoY

sserP ytisrevinU anacaW .

.8891 .itunaP ,namijduS ameM naakeR atireC imah ayaJ akatsuP :atrakaJ . .

.4891.bokaJ ,ojdramuS naartsasuseK imahameM inmulA :gnudnaB . .


721

S nad bokaJ ,ojdramuS .K inia .6891 .M naartsasuseK isaiserpA :atrakaJ .aidemarG .

.1991 .rutnuG yrneH ,nagiraT pisnirP - artsaS rasaD pisnirp asakgnA :gnudnaB . .

.6002 .imtayiW iskiF naijaK ratnagneP akatsuP :atrakaygoY . .


821

NARIPMAL

atireC sisponiS

itaH auD naumetreP

aI .icuS ub amanreb gnay urug gnaroes gnatnet nakatirecnem ini levoN

atic iaynupmem icuS ub ,DS sulul utkaw adaP .idadowruP id rihal - idajnem atic

aut gnarO .ayniujuteynem kadit aynaut gnaro uti taas ,numaN .siraterkes gnaroes

idajnem aynkana nigni icuS ub itahesanem aguj uti taas akerem ,urug gnaroes

aynaut gnaro tahesan iturunem aynrihka icuS .urug halokes ek kusam raga icuS

ratfadnem kutnu gnarameS ek icuS ratnagnem gnusgnal aynhaya irah nial id nad

retid nup icuS anas iD .)GPS( uruG nakididnep halokeS ek naktujnalem nad ami

.gnarameS id )GPS( uruG nakididneP halokeS

.PIKI ek naktujnalem nigni icuS ,uruG nakididneP halokeS sulul haleteS

aynkapab helo naknarasid icuS .iayaibmem puggnas kadit aynaut gnaro ,numaN

at utas uggnunem haleteS .hakfan iracnem kutnu naktapadnem icuS aynrihka nuh

sap ijag nagned idadowruP id aynnarihalek tapmet id naajrekep - ai ,numaN .nasap

nagned hakinem nup ai nad urug iagabes ayniseforp nagned laseynem kadit

.ritnom gnaroes

atnimid aI .ajrekeb ayntapmet irad hadnipid icuS ub imauS hadnip kutnu

aid nakulremem gnarameS id gnay rotnak anerak gnarameS atok id rotnak ek

surah agraulekes akerem aynrihkA .lekgneb sawagnep nad nisem ilha iagabes

anerak gnarameS ek hadnip gnusgnal asib muleb icuS uB .gnarameS ek hadnip

nakiaseleynem surah iapmas uggnunem surah aI .idadowruP id aynnaajrekep

.narajalep nuhat rihka


921

id laggnit icuS ub ,ajrek nahadnipek natakgnagnep tarus uggnunem libmaS

gnaroes icuS ub amatrep kanA .aynkana agitek surugnem nad aynurab hamur

ikal audek gnay kana nad naupmerep - ikal aguj agitek gnay kana alup utigeb ,ikal -

agitek gnay nakgnades ,halokesreb hadus icuS ub audek nad amatrep kanA .ikal

ub ,halokes ek aynkana ratnagnem akiteK .aynkawu helo husaid nad licek hisam

.halokesreb aynkana halokes alapek nagned nalanekreb icuS ub irah utaus adaP

rajagnem kutnu atnimid ai ,halokes alapek irad tarus amirenem icuS

icuS uB .kato ragag atirednem nad naakalecek gnay urug gnaroes nakitnaggnem

gnutnureb tagnas aI .uti halokes id rajagnem ialum nad uti narawat amirenem

agnem asib anerak utaus adap ,numaN .halokesreb aynkana nagned tapmet utas raj

radnom surah nup aI .tikas hutaj agitek gnay aynkana irah - nad halokes ek ridnam

.aynknana kugnejnem hamurek

nad lanegnem ialum aI .salek id rajagnem icuS ub tapmeek iraH

dirum lafahgnem - ab dirum amanreb gnay ayndirum utas halas uti iraH .aynur

dirum adapek aynatreb nad uti kana nagned narasanep aI .kusam kadit otiksaW -

,bawajnem uam gnay ada kadit salek isieS .otiksaw naadarebek gnatnet ayndirum

amanreb ayndirum utas halas kujnunem icuS ub aynrihka haggnis kutnu ojrahaR

utigeb uam kadit ojrahaR ,numaN .aynnaadaek tahilem kutnu otiksaW hamuR ek

ialum ai nad otiksaW nagned narasanep nikames icuS uB .nial gnay kana alup

aynatreb - dirum adap aynat - .ayndirum

uk ai ,numan ayak gnaro kana nakapurem otiksaW irad naitahrep gnar

namet nakayahabmem gnires aynukal hakgniT .aynaut gnaro - akus ai ,aynnamet

.ayngnililekes id ada gnay gnarab kasurem akus nakhab aynnamet lukumem

icuS uB .honones kadit naatakrep nakraulegnem akus aguj otiksaW ,uti nialeS

salej nikames dirum adapek aynatreb haletes otiksaW gnatnet uhat nad - ayndirum


031

urug nad - kutnu nanigniekreb icuS ub ,tubesret lah iuhategnem haleteS .nial urug

kiab gnay kana idajnem ayntafis haburem otiksaW utnabmem nad isatagnem

namet itrepes - gnem ai uti kutnU .aynnamet otiksaW kenen adapek tarus miri

.otiksaW ianegnem isamrofni iracne, naujut nagned

icuS ub eros utauS .salabid otiksaW kenen adapek mirikid gnay taruS

kekak nad kenen nagned umetreb ai anas iD .otiksaW kenen hamur ek gnujnukreb

halada otiksaW kekaK .otiksaW aneraK .idayraK tikaS hamuR id retkod gnaroes

ub anas iD .icuS ub nagned ratnebes umetreb aynah otiksaW kekak kubis tagnas

.otiksaW gnatnet kaynab atirecreb akerem nad otiksaW kenen helo inametid icuS

apagnem halasam salej nikames icuS ub naikimed nagneD gnires otiksaW

.solobmem gnires nad halokes id kumagnem

nakgnalihgnem abocnem icuS ub otiksaW kenen hamur irad gnalupeS

uggnunem libmas aynhamur id taharitsireb ai ,otiksaW nalaosrep nad aman

,hamur id abut utigebes ,uti gnateP .ajrek irad gnalup aynimaus icuS ub imaus

narabmel aynisi aynnaahasurep retkod irad lupmas nakiapmaynem - narabmel

isireb uti satrek utas halas iraD .aynagraulek natahesek naaskiremep lisah satrek

areges aynkana raga silutret utis id nad agitek gnay aynknana natahesek lisah

ek awabid n golorue kadit nikames icuS ub narikip nad itaH .nikgnum tapeces

habmatid igalapa aynkana natahesek naaskiremep lisah iuhategnem haletes gnanet

gnaroes iagabes aynbawaj gnuggnat nad otiksaW ianegnem halokes id nalaosrep

.rajagnep

kiremem ai aynirah nakoseeK aynlisaH .faras ilha ek aynkana nakas

alesiD .naya uata nawas tikaynep atirednem icuS ub kana awhab iuhatekid - ales

nakaskiremem ulales kutnu irid naktapmeynem icuS ub rajagnem aynnakubisek


131

aid asib numan utkaw atiynem naka uti lah ikseM .tikas gnay aynkana isat

.rajagnem patet nup ai ,aynhelo

,salek id halasam taubmem ialum nad halokes kusam ialum hadus otiksaW

ub salek irah utauS .icuS ub helo kujnutid halet gnay kudud hadnip uam kadit ai

kanA .naahasurep utas halas ek nagnujnuk nakadagnem icuS - utnareb kana sais

natahilek aguj ai ,otiksaW alup utigeB .tubesret taykar kirbap natalarep tahilem

.nalipmaretek taubmem kutnu kopmolek sagut taubmem icuS ub uti kutnu kiratret

ti akiteK W nagned kopmolek utas otiksaW u nalub aparebeb amaleS .iduyha

taubreb kadit otiksaW tagnas nalipmaretek taubmem sagut irad lisah nakhab halu

.otiksaW naajrekep iakuynem awsis aumes nad sugab

abit ,anas id ajrekeb nalub agit haleteS - taumem aI .hubmak otiksaw abit

uruG .salek rakabmem uam nad salek id rano - icuS ub kusamret ikalel urug

lreb utkawid ui naidajek haleteS .otiksaW inagnanem kutnu salek ujunem naira

jrekep nakajregnem kutnu salek id aynutkaw naksibahgnem icuS ub ,taharitsi naa

W isawagnem kutnu uti niales dirum utnabmem nad otiksa - malad ayndirum

.nalipmaretek nakajregnem

jamek aumeS adapek nakropalid otiksaW tafis uata naasaibek haraek nau

urug nad halokes alapek - malad icuS ub narabasek nad nanuketek takreB .nial urug

aynada nakkujnunem otiksaw aynrihka ,otiksaw nalakanek ipadahgnem

ialiN .kiab hibel idajnem natakgninep - sireb aynialin hibel ayntafis ,lamron ialin i

.salek kian tapad otiksaW narajalep nuhat rihka id nad kiab


231

ATADOIB

.8891 iluJ 40 ,pacaliC id nakrihalid hisgninayteS aniL

nakididnep tayawiR nial aratna hupmetid hanrep gnay :

uhat )nasatneM 30 iregeN DS( rasaD halokeS 4991 n - id 0002

osraduS soY PMS( amatreP hagneneM halokeS ,pacaliC

0002 nuhat )netnagnuwaK - halokeS ,pacaliC id 3002

3002 nuhat )igelkureJ osraduS soY AMS( satA hagneneM - id 6002 adaP .pacaliC

satisrevinU id iggniT naurugreP gnajnej ek naktujnalem 6002 nuhat atanaS

.hareaD nad ,aisenodnI artsaS ,asahaB nasuruJ nagned atrakaygoY amrahD

eynem nagned hailuk irihkagneM 2102 nuhat adap ispirks nakiasel ludujreb gnay

rataL naD ,rulA ,hokoT ,ameT N malaD HN ayraK itaH auD naumetreP levo iniD .

larutkurtS naijaK malaD .


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