perniagaan usahasama dengan masyarakat temiar di lojing, gua musang; tatabudaya penerimaan dan...

8/8/2019 Perniagaan Usahasama dengan Masyarakat Temiar di Lojing, Gua Musang; Tatabudaya Penerimaan dan Prospek P

1/23


2/23

Skgbidz Mk{sdfdpdidi Bsldg BB Qkzbi`md~ Mkjdi`sddi

:

4)1 Qki`kidldi

[sdfdpdi g{slbg qkzl{ gkikzhmd qkljd`db skm~hz kmhihgb, jkzsdbi`

gkzkj{~ qkl{di` ndi gkgjbid mkskedf~kzddi {gd~ nkgb mkldi`s{i`di

qkgjdi`{idi Bsldg) Mkz~ds mkzed bib nbsdindzmdi mkqdnd fdsbl qkikg{di

jkjkzdqd mdebdi rdi` nbldm{mdi nb jdpdf Qzh`zdg Kmsqknbsb Sdbi~bobm nb

Lhebi` die{zdi [ibvkzsb~b Gdldrsbd Mkldi~di ndi [ibvkzsb~b Gdldrsbd

Sdjdf jkzskz~d edjd~di'edjd~di Mkzdeddi Mkldi~di rdi` jkzmdb~di qdnd E{i

:116)>

Qkin{n{m ~kgqd~di ^didf ^bi``b Lhebi` gdehzb~bird ~kznbzb ndzbqdnd

J{gbq{~kzd Skihb ndzb s{m{ ^kgbdz) ^kzndqd~ e{`d skjbldi`di mkcbl gkzkmd

ndzb mdldi`di qkin{n{m Mkldi~di, Cbid ndi md{g qkind~di` skqkz~b

Jdi``dld rdi` gkik~dq jkzsdgd gkzkmd sdgdnd skcdzd mdfpbi cdgq{z,

mkzed qkgjdldmdi d~d{ gki`bidq jkzsdgd d~ds qkljd`db {z{sdi)

Mkjdirdmdi gkzkmd jkzd`dgd Bsldg rdi` gdsbf gki`dgdlmdi

mkqkzcdrddi dibgbsgk ndi ~bndm m{zdi` e{`d rdi` jkzd`dgd Mzbs~bdi)

Gdsrdzdmd~ ~kgqd~di bib gkiedldimdi dm~bvb~b sdzd fbn{q skcdzd mkcbl'

mkcbldi skqkz~b jkz~kzidm, jkzc{c{m ~didg ndi gkzdg{ fdsbl f{~di) ;

^didf ^bi``b Lhebi` ~kzlk~dm nb skjkldf skld~di ik`kzb Mkldi~di ndi nb

skjkldf {~dzd ^didf ^bi``b Cdgkzhi qdnd mk~bi``bdi 4>11 gk~kz ndzb qdzds

ld{~ nki`di mkl{dsdi skmb~dz :3,>3; fkm~dz) ^didf ^bi``b Lhebi` nblb~{qb

jkjkzdqd j{df j{mb~ nb skmb~dzird bdb~{ @{i{i` Pdzq{ &skjd`db q{icdm",

@{i{i` ^di``d, @{i{i` Cfdll, J{mb~ Skiehz~, J{mb~ Qdi`ds ndi J{mb~

^dedg) Bdird nbdlbzb hlkf jkjkzdqd jd~di` s{i`db rdi` gkiednb s{gjkz

>Odm{l~b D`zh Bin{s~zb ndi S{gjkz Dslb [GM ndi [ibvkzsb~b Gdldrsbd Sdjdf gkz{qdmdi

{z{sk~bd mkqdnd Qzh`zdg Kmsqknbsb Sdbi~bobm nb Lhebi` bib rdi` jkzldi`s{i` ndzb :?fj)

Gkb fbi``d 4>fj) E{i :116) Qzh`zdg bib gkindqd~ lbq{~di gkl{ds hlkf qbfdm gknbd gdssd

ndi Mkgki~kzbdi Qki`debdi ^bi``b);

Jbldi`di qkin{n{m nb Qhs Jdldz bdb~{ Qhs jkznkmd~di Lhebi` bdldf ;?> hzdi`) Ednb

qki`mdeb gki`di``dzmdi qkin{n{m Qhs Lhebi` ~bndm lkjbf ndzb 3 zbj{ hzdi`

gkgdindi`mdi mkzdid jbldi`di qkldedz nb SM Qhs Jzhhmk nb Lhebi` q{i skmb~dz 311 hzdi`

sdfded)


3/23


3

{~dgd dbz mkqdnd qkin{n{m bdb~{ S{i`db Jkld~hq ndi S{i`db Iki``bzb)

C{dcd ^didf ^bi``b Lhebi` dndldf sknkzfdid ske{m nki`di s{f{ di~dzd 46 '

:0C)

:)1 Qzhsqkm Qkzibd`ddi [sdfdpdi G{slbg nb Lhebi`

Qkzmkgjdi`di n{ibd qkzibd`ddi ndi mk{sdfdpdidi jdirdm gkir{gjdi`

mk dzdf qkz~{gj{fdi kmhihgb Gdldrsbd ndi e{`d qkgjdi`{idi bisdibdf

gdsrdzdmd~ sked`d~)?

Mdpdsdi rdi` gkiednb ohm{s qkikg{di fdsbl mdebdi

ndi qkzjbicdi`di bib bdldf ndzb M{dld Jk~bs skfbi``d skgqdndi Cdgkzhi

Fb`fldin bdb~{ sked{f mbzd'mbzd 411 mblhgk~kz) Mkird~ddi rdi`

nbmk~ki`dfmdi idi~b dndldf sdf skfbi``d ~kgqhf ~kzmbib E{i :116) Ndldg

gki`kidl qds~b ndi gki`mdeb qh~kisb dsds mk{sdfdpdidi nb Lhebi`, ~b`d

smhq {~dgd bib qkzl{ldf nbz{e{m bdb~{50

d" Bivki~hzb qkzibd`ddi rdi` sknbd dnd)

j" Qh~kisb qkzibd`ddi rdi` jhlkf nb{sdfdmdi)

c" Zdi~dbdi qkzibd`ddi)

:)4) Bivki~hzb Qkzibd`ddi

Jki~{m qkzibd`ddi, qki~kzidmdi ndi qkz~dibdi rdi` ~kzndqd~ nb mdpdsdi

Lhebi` mbib gdsbf nb qkzbi`md~ dsds rdi` mkjdirdmdiird m{zdi` jkzsbod~

mhgkzsbdl bdb~{ gkz{e{m mkqdnd edn{dl nb jdpdf5

Qkzibd`ddi Qkz~dibdi Qki~kzidmdi

Mkndb Gdmdi Mkj{i(Ldndi` J{i`d Mdgjbi`

Jki`mkl Mkinkzddi Mkj{i(Ldndi` Sdr{z Jbzb'jbzb

?

GcG{lldi, Kn) P) din Lhi`, Pdrik D), &4221") Nkvklhqbi` Ikp _ki~{zks5 ^fkKi~zkqzkik{zbdl Dqqzhdcf, Fdzch{z~, Jzdck din Edvdihvbcf) Lbfd~ e{`d Dubu Ld~bo) &:11:")

[iq{jlbskn) Bi~zhn{c~bhi ~h _ki~{zk Ki~zkqzkik{zsfbq)

0Jkzndsdzmdi Mdebdi jkz~de{m Gki`kidlqds~b ndi Gki`mdeb Qh~kisb Qzh`zdg Dsds

Mk{sdfdpdidi nb Lhebi` hlkf Qzho) Gdnrd Djn{l Dubu Dj) Ld~bo nbjdi~{ hlkf Sfdf

Bsmdindz Odfgbk Zdglkk, Pdi Odzfd Pdi U{lmboolb, Dsfbzdf Fe Djn Zdfgdi ndi Ihhz{l

Dupbi Gn Idsbz, ~{~hz [GM)


4/23


>

&Gh~hz"

Mkndb Z{icb~ Mkj{i(Ldndi` J{dfdi Sdzd Fbn{q

Mkndb Qkzmdmdsdi

&FdznPdzk"

Qzh`zdg Mdpdsdi

^didgdi Ndldg

Qkg{lbfdi &hlkf Edjd~di

Qkz~dibdi"

Diebi` &~{e{di

qkgj{z{di ndi

mkskldgd~di"

Qzhekm NbZded S~zdpjkzb

Sdzd Fbn{q

^kzndqd~ e{`d skjbldi`di qkin{n{m ~kgqd~di rdi` gkie{dl fdsbl ~didgdi

skqkz~b {jb, ed`{i` ndi sdr{zdi ndzb z{gdf gkzkmd skinbzb d~ds qkzgbi~ddi

qkgjklb d~d{ qdsdzdi sk~kgqd~)

:):) Qh~kisb Qkzibd`ddi

Mdpdsdi ^didf ^bi``b Lhebi` gkz{qdmdi mdpdsdi rdi` gdsbf jkl{g

nb~kzhmdb skqki{fird) ^kzndqd~ jkjkzdqd qkzibd`ddi rdi` ~kldf

nbmkidlqds~b dgd~ jkzqh~kisb {i~{m nbgde{mdi, di~dzdird5

b) Jbndi` Qkz~dibdi

' M{gq{ldi j{dfdi jkzb

' ^{gj{fdi qkz{jd~di ndi fkzjd

' J{i`d'j{i`ddi

' ^kf

' J{df'j{dfdi jkzs{f{ sknkzfdid ske{m

bb) Jkzdsdsmdi `kzdb ndi mkndb

' @kzdb j{df'j{dfdi

' @kzdb gdmdi

' Zkfd~ ndi Zdpd~ &Z/Z"

' Mkndb e{dldi mzdo~di`di

' Mkndb qkzmdmdsdi dld~di ndq{z


5/23


;

' @{ndi` ndi s~hz sbgqdidi gdmdidi ske{m jkm{ ndi

jdzdi`di z{icb~)

bbb) Bin{s~zb Mkcbl ndi Sknkzfdid &BMS"

' Qkz~{mdi`di ndi mzdo~di`di

'Jded ndi zdc{i

' Qkz{sdfddi gdmdidi zbi`di

bv) Q{sd~ Ld~bfdi Mkgdfbzdi

' Qkz~dibdi

' Qkzibd`ddi

' GDZD

v) ^klkmhg{ibmdsb

'^klkohi

' Bi~kzik~

' Qhs

vb) Fdsbl F{~di

' [jd~'{jd~di ~zdnbsbhidl

' Qhmhm ndi skzdi``d rdi` jkzibldb ~bi``b nb qdsdzdi)

vbb) Qki`di`m{~di

' Qdc{di kgqd~ zhnd &~bied{di, qkgdsdzdi ndi qkldichi`di"

' Jds &ldl{di {~dgd Cdgkzhi Fb`fldin ndi M{dld Jk~bs"

' Mkndb qk~zhl qdg

:)3) Zdi~dbdi Qkzibd`ddi

Gkz{e{m mkqdnd qh~kisb qkzibd`ddi rdi` nbmk~ki`dfmdi, nb~dgjdfb nki`di

jki~{m qkzibd`ddi rdi` skndi` jkzldi`s{i` nb sdid, jkzbm{~ dndldf

zdi~dbdi qkzibd`ddi rdi` jhlkf nbgde{mdi nb ^didf ^bi``b Lhebi`)

b) Qkldichi`di

Mhldg dbz qdids rdi` ~kzndqd~ nb ^didf ^bi``b Lhebi` ~kldf

q{i nbskzdfmdi mkqdnd skj{df srdzbmd~ {i~{m nbgde{mdi)


6/23


?

Srdzbmd~ bib jkzcdndi` {i~{m gkgjbid skj{df q{sd~

qkzdi`bidi nb mdpdsdi ~kzskj{~) Qdzd {sdfdpdi rdi`

jkzgbid~ jhlkfldf gkibied{ qh~kisb qkzibd`ddi jkzmdb~di

qkldichi`di ldbi nb sb~{)

Di~dzd ldbi, qkzibd`ddi fdz~didf jhlkf e{`d nbmkgjdi`mdi

skjd`db chi~hfird jd`b qkgjbiddi fh~kl ndi z{gdf

qki`bidqdi)

bb) Qkz~dibdi

Chi~hf ~didgdi rdi` skndi` nb{sdfdmdi nb ^didf ^bi``b

Lhebi` bdldf ~kz{i`, ~hgd~h, ldnd jki``dld, mhjbs , sdpb,

s~zdpjkzb ndi ldbi'ldbi)

bbb)

Qki`di`m{~di

Skcdzd mkskl{z{fdiird, edldi {~dgd nb ^didf ^bi``b Lhebi`

jkz~{zdq nki`di jdbm) Pdld{ jd`dbgdidq{i, edldi dmsks mk

ldndi`'ldndi` gdsbf jkl{g gkg{dsmdi)

bv) ^klkmhg{ibmdsb

Nb ^didf ^bi``b Lhebi`, mdgb gkindqd~b ~bdnd skjdzdi`

mkg{ndfdi ~klkmhg{ibmdsb nb di~dzd qkin{n{m sk~kgqd~

nki`di n{ibd l{dz) Bib ~kzgds{mldf qki``{iddi ~klkohijbgjb~, ~klkohi dpdg ndi bi~kzik~)

v) Qkzibd`ddi Bin{s~zb Mkcbl Sknkzfdid

Fdird ~kzndqd~ sd~{ jki`mkl gh~hz, mkndb gdmdi ndi mkndb

z{icb~ nb Lhebi`)

C{dcd ^didf ^bi``b Lhebi` rdi` sknkzfdid ske{m dgd~ sks{db {i~{m dm~bvb~b

qkz~dibdi, qkzibd`ddi ndi qkldichi`di) Jdinbi`di g{ndf jkzmkiddi

qzhsqkm gdsd nkqdi mdpdsdi bib jhlkfldf nbjdinbi`mdi nki`di ~didf

~bi``b Cdgkzhi Fb`fldin rdi` ~kzmkidl mbib)


7/23


0

3)1 Qkinkmd~di J{ndrd ndi Shsbdl Mk dzdf Qkikzbgddi

Gdsrdzdmd~ ^kgqd~di ^kzfdndq Gdsrdzdmd~ L{dz Mf{s{sird

[sdfdpdi G{slbg

Skjkl{g gkgjbicdi`mdi qkinkmd~di jd`b gkg{ldmdi skjdzdi` {z{sdi

jkzmdb~di qzhsqkm rdi` bi`bi nbckj{zb) Qki`kidldi ~kzfdndq gdsrdzdmd~

~kgqd~di qkzl{ldf nbndldgb jd`b gkg{ndfmdi sbs~kg mhg{ibmdsb dsds

nbjki~{m)

Ndqd~di mdebdi dpdl rdi` nbfdsblmdi bib gkz{e{m mkqdnd jkjkzdqd

qkzshdldi shdl sklbnbm ndi ~kg{j{dl rdi` nbde{mdi mkqdnd 24 hzdi`

qkin{n{m ~kgqd~di ndi ?; gdsrdzdmd~ l{dz rdi` s{ndf jbdsd nki`di

qkin{n{m ~kgqd~di) Qkzshdldi rdi` nbde{mdi gklbjd~mdi qkzshdldi {g{g

qkikzbgddi gkzkmd ndi jkzmkiddi jki~{m ibldb ~zdnbsb ndi j{ndrd rdi`

gkirhmhi` qkikzbgddi) Jkzbm{~ dndldf qkzird~ddi {g{g jkzmdb~di56

4) Dndmdf qkin{n{m ~kgqd~di dgd~ `kgjbzd ndi sdi`d~ gki`dl{'dl{mdi

qki`{ie{i`8

4 4 4+

: ? >+

3 >0 31+

> ?> >4+

; 36 :>+

Ldqhzdi gki{ie{mmdi qkin{n{m ~kgqd~di jkzsk~{e{ ndi gki`dl{'dl{mdi

mknd~di`di qki`{ie{i` &?;+") Idg{i, skjdfd`bdi mkcblird ~{z{~ dnd rdi`

6Jkzndsdzmdi ldqhzdi Mdebdi Qkikzbgddi Qki`{ie{i` hlkf Qkin{n{m Lhebi` ndi

Ibldb J{ndrd rdi` Gkirhmhi`ird hlkf Nz) I{z Du{mb R{s{oo ndi qkgjdi~{ird

Ghfn Srdfz{l Dufdi Gd~ Rddm{j, [GM)


8/23


6

m{zdi` ndi ~bndm jkzsk~{e{ &;+" jdfmdi qkzd~{sdi rdi` jksdz e{`d ~kzd`dm'

d`dm {i~{m gkikzbgd qki`{ie{i` &31+")

Gkldl{b pdpdicdzd q{i gki{ie{mmdi qkin{n{m ~kgqd~di jhlkf gkikzbgd

gdsrdzdmd~ l{dz) C{gd qkzl{ nblbfd~ e{`d mkqdnd sbdqd rdi` bi`bi

jkzm{ie{i` b~{ ndi dqd rdi` gkzkmd bi`bimdi ndzbqdnd qkin{n{m ~kgqd~di)

Bib mkzdid mkjkldmdi`di bib s{ndf p{e{n qzdsdi`md j{z{m ~kzfdndq ibd~

gkgqkzdld~mdi gkzkmd nbskjdjmdi jkjkzdqd mks rdi` qkzidf jkzldm{)

:) Dndmdf qkzdsddi fhzgd~ mkqdnd qki`{ie{i` nbskjdjmdi mkqkljd`dbdi

j{ndrd ndi jdi`sd8

Qkin{n{m &3:+" ~bndm gklbfd~ jdi`sd rdi` qkljd`db b~{ skjd`db ~dind

{i~{m gki`fhzgd~b gkzkmd) Jdfmdi skjdfd`bdi mkcblird &41+"

gki`di``dqmdi sdgd sdfded dqdjbld nbskj{~ hzdi` l{dz) Idg{i skjdfd`bdi

jksdz e{`d gkzkmd &>2+" rdi` gkird~dmdi qkzl{ gklbfd~ jdi`sd dqd rdi`

qkzl{ gkzkmd ~kzbgd d~d{ ~bndm)

Gkzkmd ~{z{~ gkird~dmdi gkldl{b pdpdicdzd jdfdpd qkzdsddi ~kzfdndq

qkind~di` &jkzbubi d~d{ ~diqd bubi mkzdeddi" m{zdi` jhlkf nbqkzcdrdb

jkzjdinbi` hzdi` Gkldr{ Bsldg ndi Cbid) Bib mkzdid p{e{n mkdnddi

gki`dgjbl mkskgqd~di nb skjdlbm mklkgdfdi qkin{n{m ~kgqd~di,

chi~hfird qkzmdfpbidi rdi` skgd~d'gd~d bi`bi gkghfhi fdm mkzdmrd~di)

3) Dqdmdf qkin{n{m ~kgqd~di gkldrdi qki`{ie{i` nki`di jdbm

pdld{q{i gkzkmd ~bndm gkindqd~ dqd'dqd mk{i~{i`di(mkqki~bi`di ndzb

gkzkmd8


9/23


2

4 3 :+

: 36 :>+

3 >> :6+

> >; :2+

; :? 40+

Mkbmfldsdi gdsrdzdmd~ ~kgqd~di nb{eb nki`di qkibldbdi bib dqdjbld ~bndm

sdgqdb skqdz{f ndzb gkzkmd &>?+" rdi` jkzsk~{e{ nki`di ldrdidi dmdi

nbjkzbmdi pdld{q{i ~bdnd skjdzdi` fdj{di) Skjbldi`di :?+ ndzbqdnd

zksqhinki rdi` gklbfd~ ldrdidi fdird nbjkzb dqdjbld nbjkzb fdj{di)

Dqdjbld qkzshdldi bib nbde{mdi mkqdnd biohzgdi qkin{n{m ~kgqd~di,

mkjdirdmdiird sk`di ndi ~bndm gkiedpdj) Dqdjbld nb~dirdmdi mkqdnd

qkin{n{m l{dz gdmd eklds gkzkmd gki`d~dmdi f{j{i`di jdbm di~dzd

qkin{n{m ~kgqd~di ndi gdsrdzdmd~ l{dz jdirdm jkzmbsdz ~ki~di`

mk{i~{i`di dqd rdi` gkzkmd qkzhlkfb skmbzdird gkzkmd gkgjdi~{

gdsrdzdmd~ l{dz)

>) Dndmdf qki`{ie{i` jhlkf ~bi``dl jkzsdgd qkin{n{m ~kgqd~di

skgbi``{ d~d{ lkjbf 8

4 : 4+

: 3> ::+

3 ?1 36+

> 36 :>+

; :: 4>+


10/23


41

Zd~d'zd~d zksqhinki &?1+" ~kzd`dm'd`dm ndi m{zdi` jkzsk~{e{ dqdjbld

nbgbi~d(~dird dndmdf jhlkf jd`b qki`{ie{i` gkik~dq jkzsdgd qkin{n{m

~kgqd~di, jdfmdi dnd rdi` ~bndm jkzsk~{e{ &4+") Dmdi ~k~dqb ~bndm m{zdi`

e{`d rdi` gki`dl{'dl{mdi qki`{ie{i` {i~{m ~bi``dl jkzsdgd gkzkmd bdb~{

36+)

Di~dzd q{icd rdi` nbmkidlqds~b gkzkmd sk`di gkikzbgd qki`{ie{i`

~bi``dl jkzsdgd gkzkmd nbskjdjmdi mkndbodi gkzkmd ndi fdmqzbvdcr)

;) Dndmdf qkin{n{m ~kgqd~di gkidpdzmdi jdirdm qkzmfbngd~di mkqdnd

qki`{ie{i` 8

Skjd`dbgdid fdsbl edpdqdi shdldi skjkl{g bib bdb~{ zdgdb nb mdldi`di

zksqhinki &>:+" rdi` ~kzd`dm'd`dm {i~{m gkird~dmdi mksknbddi

gkidpdzmdi qkzmfbngd~di mkqdnd qki`{ie{i`) Jdfmdi :4+ zkqhinki

m{zdi` ndi ~bndm gdf{ gkidpdzmdi qkzmfbngd~di mkqdnd qki`{ie{i`)

Idg{i jk`b~{, ~bndm nbidobmdi skjdfd`bdi jksdz e{`d &30+" rdi`

gkird~dmdi mksknbddi gkidpdzmdi skjdzdi` qkzmfbngd~di rdi`

nbqkzl{mdi qki`{ie{i` skmbzdird nbgbi~d qkz~hlhi`di)

Mkpdedzdi mkq{~{sdi bib mkzdid qdnd di``dqdi gkzkmd dndldf pdedz {i~{m

nbjkzbmdi skjdzdi` fdj{di jd`b sk~bdq qkzmfbngd~di rdi` nbjkzbmdi

gkzkmd, pdld{q{i nki`di fdird skjd~di` zhmhm {i~{m hzdi` nkpdsd

d~d{q{i `{ld'`{ld {i~{m mdidm'mdidm)

4 : 4+

: 34 :1+

3 ?; >:+

> 30 :>+

; :4 43+


11/23


44

3)4 Jki~{m Ibldb ^zdnbsb ndi J{ndrd rdi` Gkirhmhi` Qkikzbgddi

^dgjdfdi gdml{gd~ rdi` lkjbf mf{s{s bdldf5

4) Qkin{n{m s{mdmdi blg{ ndi mkghnkidi rdi` nbjdpd qki`{ie{i`)

4 4 4+

: 6 ;+

3 3> ::+

> 06 ;1+

; 3; ::+

Zksqhinki eklds gkird~dmdi qkin{n{m s{mdmdi blg{ ndi mkghnkidi rdi`

nbjdpd qki`{ie{i` &0:+") Pdld{q{i nkgbmbdi, p{e{n e{`d qkzird~ddi

jdfdpd qkin{n{m d`dm zd`{'zd`{, m{zdi` ndi ~bndm jkzsk~{e{ nki`di

jki~{m blg{ rdi` nbsdgqdbmdi hlkf qki`{ie{i`)

Dqdjbld nb~dirdmdi mkqdnd qkin{n{m ndi biohzgdi ldbi, gkzkmd gkzdsdmdi

mkg{i`mbidi nbskjdjmdi sbmdq ~bndm bi`bi jkz{jdf ndzb chzdm fbn{q

gdsrdzdmd~ ~kzskj{~)

:) Qkin{n{m m{zdi` skisb~bo dqdjbld nbmd~dmdi fbn{q gkzkmd g{in{z ndi

ndbo)

4 0 >+

: :3 4;+

3 03 >0+

> >4 :?+

; 4: 6+


12/23


4:

Qkzshdldi rdi` nbmkg{mdmdi bib ~bndm gkidgqdmmdi zkdmsb ~bndm jkzsk~{e{

skmbzdiird nbmd~dmdi gkzkmd jkzs~d~{s ~kzskj{~ &??+") Gkzkmd dm{z nki`di

mkndbodi ndi mkg{in{zdi skdndird) Idg{i, gdsrdzdmd~ bib ~bndm

gkirkidi`b skmbzdird ldjkl ~kzskj{~ nbednbmdi qkzmdzd rdi` jhlkf

gkied~{fmdi bgke gkzkmd &3>+")

3) Skjdfd`bdi ndzb qkin{n{m ~kgqd~di gkszd dqdjbld nbdedm jkzj{dl ndi

nbgbi~d mkzedsdgd)

4 4 4+

: 4> 2+

3 >0 31+

> ?2 >>+

; :; 4?+

Pdld{q{i skjbldi`di jksdz zksqhinki, gkird~dmdi mkgkszddi jkzj{dl ndi

jkmkzedsdgd p{e{n &?1+", idg{i p{e{n skjbldi`di jksdz qkin{n{m rdi`

gdsbf s{sdf {i~{m nbnkmd~b ndi m{zdi` gkszd nki`di qki`{ie{i` &>1+")

Di~dzd dldsdi rdi` nbjkzbmdi hlkf biohzgdi bdldf mkzdid gkzkmd gdl{,

sk`di ndi jkzdsd fbid nbzb)

>) Qkin{n{m ~kgqd~di lkjbf gkikzbgd ~k`{zdi ndi dedzdi qkgbgqbi ndi

hzdi` ~{d gkzkmd jkzjdinbi` hzdi` l{dz)

4 : 4+

: 2 ?+

3 33 :4+

> 0; >6+

; 30 :>+


13/23


43

Ekldsird mkqd~{fdi qkin{n{m mkqdnd mk~{d(qkgbgqbi gkzkmd jk`b~{ mk~dzd

skmdlb &0:+") Idg{i jk`b~{, p{e{n e{`d qkin{n{m rdi` jkzsbmdq ~kzqkicbl

&:4+", jdfmdi dnd rdi` gkidobmdi mkqbgqbidi mk~{d gkzkmd &0+")

;) ^bndm skg{d qkin{n{m rdi` lkjbf gki`fhzgd~b qbfdm rdi` gkgjkzb

jdi~{di(mk{i~{i`di mkqdnd gkzkmd sdfded)

4 4: 6+

: 46 4:+

3 >1 :?+

> ;1 3:+

; 3? :3+

Zksqhinki jkzsk~{e{ gkird~dmdi qkin{n{m lkjbf gki`fhzgd~b qbfdm rdi`

gkgjkzb jdi~{di ndi mk{i~{i`di mkqdnd gkzkmd &;;+") :?+ zksqhinki

gkird~dmdi qkgjkzbdi jdi~{di ndi mk{i~{i`di j{mdildf sd~{'sd~{ird cdzd

~dind fhzgd~ gkzkmd mkqdnd qki`{ie{i`) Jk`b~{ e{`d p{e{n qkidobdi

mkird~ddi bib hlkf qdzd zksqhinki &:1+")

?) Qki`{ie{i` rdi` gki`mzb~bm dgdldi jkzd`dgd(mkqkzcdrddi ndi dnd~,

~bndm nbs{mdb)

4 44> 03+

: >: :0+

Qki`{ie{i` rdi` gki`mzb~bm dgdldi jkzd`dgd(mkqkzcdrddi ndi dnd~

skgkgdi`ird ~bndm nbs{mdb &03+") Lkjbf ~kz{m ld`b skmbzdird mzb~bmdi b~{

jkzsbod~ ~kzdi`'~kzdi`di)


14/23


4>

0) Qki`{ie{i` lkldmb jhlkf jkz~k`{z gkszd nki`di `dnbs d~d{ md{g pdib~d

qkin{n{m)

4 :2 42+

: 4:0 64+

^bndm p{e{n mkdnddi jdfdpd qki`{ie{i` lkldmb ~bndm jhlkf jkz~k`{z gkszd

nki`di `dnbs d~d{ qkin{n{m md{g pdib~d) Bib mkzdid gkzkmd ~bndm gklbfd~

bdird skjd`db sd~{ mksdldfdi)

Idg{i nkgbmbdi, qkzl{ nbbi`d~mdi jdfdpd 42+ zksqhinki gkird~dmdi

~bndm jhlkf) Biohzgdi gkird~dmdi bdird nbskjdjmdi mkzdid ~kldf p{e{n

jkjkzdqd mkdnddi rdi` ~kzdicdg qkzidf nbdldgb sk`klbi~bz didm `dnbs

gkzkmd skjkl{g bib)

6) Qki`{ie{i` ~bndm jhlkf jkzdnd jkjds nb ndldg z{gdf qkin{n{m

~kgqd~di)

4 0; >6+

: 64 ;:+

Pdld{q{i qkin{n{m gkgjkidzmdi gkzkmd nbm{ie{i`b(nbldpd~b ndi idbm mk

z{gdf gkzkmd &>6+", jkzdnd jkjds nb ndldg z{gdf qkin{n{m ~bndm

nbskidi`b hlkf qkin{n{m &;:+")


15/23


4;

2) Qki`{ie{i` J{gbq{~kzd ndi Mkldi~di ~bndmldf nb~kzbgd qkin{n{m

~kgqd~di lkjbf jkzjdinbi` pdz`d dsbi`)

4 >2 34+

: 410 ?2+

Qkin{n{m Lhebi` gki{z{~ qdindi`di zksqhinki ~bndm gklbfd~ jdfdpd

J{gbq{~kzd skldbi gkzkmd ndi gdsrdzdmd~ Mkldi~di lkjbf nb~kzbgd

jkzjdinbi` pdz`d dsbi` ldbi &?2+")

Gkz{e{m mkqdnd fdsbl ~kg{j{dl, zkdmsb nb skjdlbm qdindi`di ndzb zksqhinki

mdeb sklbnbm bib nbskjdjmdi mkzdid gkzkmd ~bndm fdird jkz{z{sdi nki`di

hzdi` J{gbq{~kzd ndi Mkldi~di sdfded) Lhmdsb Lhebi` rdi` jkznkmd~di

nki`di Cdgkzhi Fb`fldin e{`d gkiekldsmdi jdfdpd qkin{n{m ~kgqd~di

nbm{ie{i`b hlkf qkljd`db k~ibm ndi ekibs gdi{sbd)

41) Dgdldi gki{~{q d{zd~ ndi jkzshqdi sdi~{i dgd~ nbed`d hlkf qkin{n{m

4 3? :3+

: 4:1 00+

Dgdldi gki{~{q d{zd~ ndi jkzshqdi sdi~{i ~bndm gkiednb sd~{ mk{~dgddi

ndldg cdzd jkzqdmdbdi qkin{n{m &00+") Idg{i sk`klbi~bz gkzkmd &:3+"

gkinbsbqlbimdi nbzb s{qdrd bd idgqdm lkjbf skldgd~ ndzb skjdzdi`

dicdgdi)

C{gd dqdjbld gkldl{b biohzgdi, qkin{n{m lhebi` dgd~ gki`dgjbl jkzd~

shdl mkskldgd~di dqdjbld jkzcdmdq ~ki~di` d{zd~ ndi mkshqdidi)


16/23


4?

44) @hlhi`di jklbd qkin{n{m mkjdirdmdiird jkzqkinbnbmdi ~bndm gklkqdsb

Sbebl Qkldedzdi Gdldrsbd)

4 >> :6+

: 44: 0:+

Skjk~{lird ~bndm zdgdb qkin{n{m ^kgbdz rdi` gklkqdsb qki`debdi

skfbi``d ~dfdq Sbebl Qkldedzdi Gdldrsbd) Dnd e{`d nb mdldi`di jklbd rdi`

~bndm jkzskmhldf ndi j{~d f{z{o

Qkzgdsdldfdi bib ~kldf nb~kmdimdi hlkf qkljd`db qbfdm ndldg gkididg

sbmdq s{mdmdi blg{ qkldedzdi mkqdnd qkin{n{m ~kgqd~di) Dqd rdi` skzb{s

qkzl{ nbdgjbl jkzd~ bdldf zdgdb biohzgdi gkird~dmdi q{icdird nbskjdjmdi

hlkf sbmdq qdzd bj{jdqd rdi` ~bndm gkgh~bvdsbmdi didm'didm gkzkmd {i~{m

jkldedz lkjbf ed{f)

4:) J{ndrd m{ibi`(fknhibsgk jdzd~ &rdi` zhsdm" s{ndf gkgqki`dz{fb

`hlhi`di zkgded qkin{n{m )

4 ;6 30+

: 26 ?3+

J{ndrd m{ibi` s{ndf gkgqki`dz{fb qkin{n{m `hlhi`di zkgded &?3+")

Bdird nbdm{b hlkf biohzgdi qkin{n{m ~kgqd~di skinbzb dqdjbld zdgdb nb

mdldi`di zkgded rdi` s{ndf qdindb gbi{g dzdm ndi jkzehlb nb sdgqbi`

p{e{n e{`d `dnbs ^kgbdz ~kzqki`dz{f nki`di `kedld gdmsbd~)


17/23


40

43) Qkin{n{m jkicb qki`{ie{i` rdi` gki``ksd gkzkmd jkz{jdf ndzb

j{ndrd mbib)

4 02 ;4+

: 00 >2+

Pdld{q{i qkz{jdfdi ndi qkgjdi`{idi nbdi``dq qkzl{ hlkf qkin{n{m

~kgqd~di, ~k~dqb gkzkmd ~bndm gklbfd~ qkz{jdfdi ~kzskj{~ qkzl{ jkzldm{

skfbi``d gkzkmd ~kzqdmsd gki`fbldi`mdi bnki~b~b ndi j{ndrd pdzbsdi

gkzkmd skjkl{g bib) Skjdj b~{ldf fdgqbz skqdz{f ndzbqdnd qkzird~ddi

zksqhinki &>2+" jkicb nki`di sbmdq qki`{ie{i` rdi` bi`bi gkgjdpd

gkzkmd jkz{jdf ndzb cdzd fbn{q rdi` gkzkmd ldl{b mbib)

4>) Qkin{n{m ~bndmldf fdird sklksd jkzsdgd mhg{ib~bird, ~diqd dnd

cdgq{z ~di`di gdsrdzdmd~ l{dz)

4 ;: 33+

: 41> ?0+

Qkz~kqd~di nki`di qkzmkgjdi`di `lhjdlbsdsb mbib, qkin{n{m ~kgqd~di

gklbfd~ jdfdpd qkzl{ dnd cdgq{z ~di`di ndi mhg{ibmdsb n{d fdld di~dzd

gkzkmd nki`di gdsrdzdmd~ l{dz) Idg{i, qkzl{ nblbfd~ jdfdpd gdsbf dnd

33+ ndzb zksqhinki rdi` jkzdi``dqdi f{j{i`di nki`di qbfdm l{dz jhlkf

gkzhsdmmdi ibldb mkfbn{qdi rdi` gkzkmd mkcdqb skldgd bib)


18/23


46

Skjd`db ~dgjdfdi ndzb gdml{gd~ &ibldb, ~zdnbsb, j{ndrd" rdi` gdgq{

gkirhmhi` qkikzbgddi f{j{i`di bdldf dqdjbld jkz{z{sdi nki`di

qkin{n{m ~kgqd~di, {sdfdpdi g{slbg qkzl{5

4)

Gki`dgjblmbzd qkgjklddi idsbj gdsrdzdmd~ ~kgqd~di)

:) Gkgjdi`{imdi kmhihgb qkin{n{m skbzbi` nki`di ibldb mkgdi{sbddi)

3) Gkikzdqmdi mk~bi``bdi j{nb jdfdsd ndi ~d~ds{sbld)

>) Qkzl{ dnd s{gjdi`di fdnbdf d~d{ gdmdidi ndi gkzdicdi` dqd'dqd

dm~bvb~b fbj{zdi rdi` gkgjbid dqdjbld jkzsdgd gkzkmd)

;) Edi`di gkgj{d~ edieb rdi` skpkidi`ird nki`di gkzkmd,

?) Gkgjdi`{imdi biozds~z{m~{z qkinbnbmdi ndi mkd`dgddi)

0)

Gkp{e{nmdi mkgkszddi ndi ibldb mkjkzsdgddi &bi~k`zdsb")

6) Gkgqkzjdirdmmdi qzh`zdg mkgdsrdzdmd~di ndi j{ndrd)

2) Gkibi`md~mdi skgdi`d~ mkebzdidi ndi qkzqdn{di)

41)Gkldm{mdi sbs~kg mkzdfdi ndi mdkndf gdml{gdi jkzmksdi dqdjbld

gkldm{mdi qzh`zdg blgbdf ndi ckzdgdf mkskndzdi jd`b gkzkmd)

44)Gkirkmd~ qki`dz{f j{ndrd m{ibi` rdi` jk`b~{ gki{ldz nb mdldi`di

zkgded gkzkmd)

>)1 Bs{'Bs{ Jkzmdb~di Cdjdzdi Mkqdnd [sdfdpdi G{slbg

Cdjdzdi rdi` qkzl{ nbldl{b qkzl{ nbird~dmdi d`dz {sdfdpdi g{slbg lkjbf

jkzsknbd gkidi`dib bs{ rdi` jdmdl nbnkqdib2, bdb~{5

b) Qkz~binbfdi Qzhekm ndi ^didgdi

Mkjdirdmdi qkldndi` ndi qk~dib gki`{sdfdmdi ekibs ~didgdi rdi`

fdgqbz sdgd) Bib gkirkjdjmdi qkzsdbi`di rdi` ~bi``b skz~d mkm{zdi`di

2Dubu Ld~bo, / Jdld Sfdig{`dg) &4226") S{zvbvdl S~zd~k`bks ohz SGKs bi Gdldrsbd,

Qzhckknbi`s5 Bi~kzid~bhidl Chiokzkick hi Sgdll din Gknb{g Scdlk Ki~kzqzbsks) _hl{gk 3,

Sbi~hm5 Qkikzjb~ [ibvkzsb~b [~dzd Gdldrsbd)


19/23


42

vdzbdsb qzhn{m mkqdnd qkldi``di) Pdld{ jd`dbgdidq{i, bib ndqd~

gki`kldmmdi fdz`d qzhn{m gkiednb ~kzldl{ gdfdl dmbjd~ m{dsd ghihqhlb)

bb) Mkm{zdi`di Edzbi`di

Sbs~kg ~klkmhg{ibmdsb rdi` m{zdi` jdbm gkir{mdzmdi qkldndi` ndzb s{n{~

qkzf{j{i`di) Jk`b~{ e{`d ndzb s{n{~ qki`di`m{~di, mhs rdi` ~bi``b qkzl{

nbjkmdlmdi {i~{m qkgdsdzdi qzhn{m qkz~dibdi gkzkmd)

bbb)M{zdi`ird Mkrdmbidi Qkldj{z

Qkldj{z gkindqd~b mhs rdi` ~bi``b jd`b gkg{ldmdi qzhsks qkididgdi

skqkz~b qzhsks ~dzdfdi j{mb~ gkirkjdjmdi gkzkmd ~bndm rdmbi nki`di

qh~kisb q{ldi`di ghndl) Skldbi b~{, jdirdm qzhekm s{mdz gkindqd~

mkl{l{sdi mkzdid bs{ qhlb~bm)

bv) Mksknbddi Gki`kzd~mdi F{j{i`di nki`di Gdsrdzdmd~ ^kgqd~di

Mkjdirdmdi qkikzhmd gki`fdndqb gdsdldf nki`di qkin{n{m ~kgqd~di

rdi` qkzl{ nbldrdib skndi`mdi qdnd ~di``dqdi gkzkmd bib gkz{qdmdi sd~{

jkjdidi rdi` ~bndm qkzl{ gkzkmd gkgbm{lird)

v) ^kid`d Mkzed ndi J{z{f

Mk~klb~bdi ndldg gkgblbf qkmkzed ndi gki`{z{smdi ~kid`d mkzed qkzl{

nbjkzb qkzfd~bdi d`dz mkjdebmdi gkzkmd ~bndm ~kzdjdb ndi idi~bird bd ~bndm

dmdi gkiednb sd~{ dicdgdi mkqdnd qkzibd`ddi rdi` nbp{e{nmdi)

>)4) Cdndi`di Qkirklksdbdi ndi Qkidgjdfjdbmdi

Di~dzd qkinkmd~di rdi` ~kldf nbcdndi`mdi ndi nbldmsdidmdi hlkf qkljd`db

qbfdm skjkl{g bib rdi` jhlkf nbsdf{~ jkzsdgd hlkf {sdfdpdi g{slbg bdldf5


20/23


:1

4) Qzhekm SKMDNDZ

Ndldg qzhekm bib, SKMDNDZ ~kldf nb~{j{fmdi hlkf mkzdeddi ik`kzb {i~{m

gkgjdi`{imdi ^didf ^bi``b Lhebi`) SKMDNDZ mbib nb{sdfdmdi hlkf

Srdzbmd~ RDMBI, skj{df jdndi jkzmdi{i mkzdeddi ik`kzb Mkldi~di)

[sdfdpdi g{slbg jhlkf gki`f{j{i`b srdzbmd~ bib {i~{m gkindqd~mdi

gdml{gd~ rdi` lkjbf ldie{~)

:) Edzbi`di

Jd`b gkgjhlkfmdi zdi~dbdi qkzibd`ddi ndqd~ jkzedldi nki`di jdbm, dndldf

dgd~ qki~bi` jd`b sbs~kg qki`di`m{~di ndi qkzf{j{i`di nbjdbmb skz~d

sbs~kg ~klkmhg{ibmdsb nbp{e{nmdi) Bib jkz~{e{di {i~{m gkg{ndfmdi

qzhn{m qkzibd`ddi BMS nbqdsdzmdi nki`di m{dlb~b rdi` ~kzedgbi)

3) Qzh`zdg [sdfdsdgd

Chi~biki~dl Odzg, gkz{qdmdi skj{df ldndi` rdi` mklbfd~di d`dm

~ki``kldg nki`di mdpdsdi ldndi` ldbi nb skmb~dzird) Jkzbm{~di Chi~biki~dl

Odzg bib mklbfd~di dgd~ jkzqh~kisb {i~{m nbgde{mdi, sd~{ {sdfdsdgd {i~{m

gkg{lbfmdi qzhekm bib skndi` nbldm{mdi hlkf Q{sd~ Ld~bfdi Qkz~dibdi

MDND jkzsdgd'sdgd qbfdm Edjd~di Qkz~dibdi Lhebi`, Mkgki~kzbdi

Qkz~dibdi ndi Mkzdeddi Qkzskm{~{di)

>) Qzh`zdg Qkgjdi`{idi [sdfdpdi ndi Gdsrdzdmd~ Sk~kgqd~

Nki`di dndird q{sd~ qkzdi`bidi nb mhldg dbz qdids, mdpdsdi Zkfd~ ndi

Zdpd~ &Z/Z" skz~d `kzdb'`kzdb ndqd~ nbjdi`{imdi) Bib nbfdzdq ndqd~

gkp{e{nmdi qkl{di` qkmkzeddi mkqdnd qkin{n{m ~kgqd~di ~kz{~dgdird

hzdi` dslb ^kgbdz)


21/23


:4

;) Qzh`zdg Ml{s~kz

Qzh`zdg Ml{s~kz gkz{qdmdi sd~{ qzh`zdg nb gdid qkldndi`'qkldndi`

gki`{sdfdmdi ~didgdi gkzkmd skcdzd qki`mf{s{sdi) Bd gkie{z{s mkqdnd

sd~{ ~didgdi {i~{m sd~{ qkldndi`) Bd jkz~{e{di {i~{m gkibi`md~mdi

qzhn{m~bvb~b jd`b sk~bdq fdsbl ~didgdi) Bib mkzdid qkldndi` ndqd~ gkgjkzb

lkjbf ~{gq{di ~kzfdndq ~didgdi gkzkmd)

?) Qkldj{fdi Ndzd~ Qkz~dibdi

Gkldl{b qkgjdcddi mdgb jkzmkiddi qzh`zdg qkgjdi`{idi nb Lhebi`,

srdzbmd~ Ghndl Ed~b Jkzfdn &GEJ" bi`bi gki`dndmdi qzh`zdg Qkldj{fdi

Ndzd~ Qkz~dibdi) Qzh`zdg bib ~kldf nbpdz'pdzmdi hlkf GEJ nb gdid Lhebi`

jkzqh~kisb gkiednb mdpdsdi qkindzd~di ndi qkgdsdzdi qzhn{m'qzhn{m

qkz~dibdi) Ndldg qzh`zdg bib, GEJ bib gkiednbmdi Lhebi` q{sd~

qkididgdi jdldm ndzb qhmhm ed~b ndi gkzdi~b rdi` ~bi``b m{dlb~bird) Skldbi

b~{, qkididgdi qhmhm fkzjd ~{z{~ nbzdicdi` nb sb~{ skqkz~b ~hi`md~ dlb,

gbsdb m{cbi`, gds skch~km, qdindi pdi`b ndi qkljd`db sqksbks ld`b)

Cdndi`di qkgklbfdzddi fdbpdi ~kzidmdi skqkz~b jbzb'jbzb, z{sd ndi j{z{i`

{i~d ~{z{~ nbjdi`mb~mdi)

[sdfdpdi g{slbg jhlkf gkirdf{~ skz{di rdi` sdgd nki`di srdzbmd~ bib

nkgb gkgjdi`{imdi kmhihgb nb mdpdsdi ~didf ~bi``b bib)

0) Zdicdi`di Qkgjdi`{idi Kmhihgb Pbldrdf ^bg{z &KCKZ" rdi`

nbldicdzmdi qdnd :110 hlkf Qkzndid Gki~kzb Gdldrsbd ~kldf gkgjkzbmdi

qkz{i~{mdi rdi` jksdz mkqdnd Lkgjd`d Mkgde{di Mkldi~di Skld~di

&MKSKNDZ" {i~{m gkgde{mdi kmhihgb skmb~dz bib) [sdfdpdi g{slbg

jhlkf gkibied{ ndi gkzkj{~ Skgdzdi` qkl{di` rdi` nb~dpdzmdi hlkf qbfdm

MKSKNDZ)


22/23


::

;)1 Mksbgq{ldi

S~z{m~{z ^didf ^bi``b Lhebi` rdi` fdgqbz skz{qd nki`di ^didf ^bi``b

Cdgkzhi bib dgd~ jkzqh~kisb {i~{m nbgde{mdi) Nb~dgjdfb nki`di

qkin{n{m ~kgqd~di rdi` gdgq{ gkir{gjdi` skjd`db s{gjkz ~kid`d

mkzed dmdi gkg{ndfmdi {sdfd qkgjdi`{idi kmhihgb) Pdld{

jd`dbgdidq{i, qki`{sdfddi ~didgdi ndi qkzibd`ddi fdz{sldf nbzdicdi`

ndi nbldmsdidmdi nki`di ~klb~b jd`b gkgklbfdzd mkbindfdi dldg skg{ldednb

Lhebi` rdi` jkl{g ~kzckgdz)

[sdfdpdi g{slbg qkzl{ jkzdib gkirdf{~ cdjdzdi gkikzhmd qkl{di`

kmhihgb nb skjdlbm mkmdrddi s{gjkz dldg rdi` nbgblbmb ik`dzd nb mdpdsdi

^didf ^bi``b Lhebi` bib d`dz idi~b bd ~bndm nbzkj{~ hlkf hzdi` ldbi)41

41Dubu Ld~bo, Uhlmdolb F{skbi, Fdgudf Nd~h Dj) Zdfgdi &dz~bmkl ~bndm nb~kzjb~mdi ld`b")

Gki`kidlqds~b Qkl{di`'qkl{di` Qkzibd`ddi rdi` Jkzndrd Gde{)


23/23


Z{e{mdi

Dubu Ld~bo, / Jdld Sfdig{`dg) &4226") S{zvbvdl S~zd~k`bks ohz SGKs bi

Gdldrsbd, Qzhckknbi`s5 Bi~kzid~bhidl Chiokzkick hi Sgdll din Gknb{g

Scdlk Ki~kzqzbsks) _hl{gk 3, Sbi~hm5 Qkikzjb~ [ibvkzsb~b [~dzd Gdldrsbd)

Dubu Ld~bo, Uhlmdolb F{skbi, Fdgudf Nd~h Dj) Zdfgdi &dz~bmkl ~bndm

nb~kzjb~mdi ld`b") Gki`kidlqds~b Qkl{di`'qkl{di` qkzibd`ddi rdi`

jkzndrd gde{)

Djn{l Dubu Dj) Ld~bo &Qzho) Gdnrd", NMM) &:116" Gki`kidlqds~b ndi

Gki`mdeb Qh~kisb Qzh`zdg Dsds Mk{sdfdpdidi nb Lhebi`, Qzhsbnbi`5

Skgbidz Qkikg{di Kmsqknbsb Sdbi~bobm nb Lhebi`, Qki`mdldi Cfkqd5

[ibvkzsb~b Gdldrsbd Mkldi~di)

GcG{lldi, Kn) P) din Lhi`, Pdrik D), &4221") Nkvklhqbi` Ikp

_ki~{zks5 ^fk Ki~zkqzkik{zbdl Dqqzhdcf, Fdzch{z~, Jzdck din Edvdihvbcf)

I{z Du{mb R{s{oo &Nz)" / Ghfn Srdfz{l Dufdi Gd~ Rddm{j) &:116")

Mdebdi Qkikzbgddi Qki`{ie{i` Hlkf Qkin{n{m Lhebi` Ndi Ibldb J{ndrd

Rdi` Gkirhmhi`ird, Qzhsbnbi`5 Skgbidz Qkikg{di Kmsqknbsb Sdbi~bobm nb

Lhebi`, Qki`mdldi Cfkqd5 [ibvkzsb~b Gdldrsbd Mkldi~di)

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