pengenalanfirstaid 090913035646 phpapp01 (1)

8/18/2019 Pengenalanfirstaid 090913035646 Phpapp01 (1)

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PENGENALAN KEPADAPENGENALAN KEPADA

ASAS PERTOLONGANASAS PERTOLONGAN

CEMASCEMAS

Dr.Dr. RashidiRashidi AhmadAhmad

Ketua Jurulatih AkademiKetua Jurulatih Akademi CPR CPR

PensyarahPensyarah//Pakar PerubatanPakar Perubatan

KecemasanKecemasan

USM,USM, Kampus KesihatanKampus Kesihatan


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OBJEKTIFOBJEKTIF

•

Definisi• Prinsip – prinsip asas

•

Ciri-ciri pemberi AsasPertolongan Cemas

• Tanggunjawag pemberi AsasPertolongan Cemas


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APA NAK BUAT!!!APA NAK BUAT!!!

• pengsan!

• sukar bernafas!

•

luka dan pendarahan!• dipatuk ular!

• sawan!

• keracunan!

• kemalangan!

• melecur atau terbakar!


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Tempat kejadian

Hospital


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DEFINISIDEFINISI

••

Rawatan awalan kepada mangsaRawatan awalan kepada mangsasebagaisebagai usahausaha rawatanrawatan pertama dipertama didalamdalam keadaankeadaan kecemasankecemasan..

•• Rawatan berbentuk sementaraRawatan berbentuk sementarasebelum pertolongan arif tibasebelum pertolongan arif tiba..


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Reaksi anda Reaksi anda……..

Salah seorang murid tibaSalah seorang murid tiba--tibatiba

jatuh pengsan jatuh pengsan ketikaketika waktuwaktumakanmakan……


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Sequence of events in emergency cardiac care is displayed schemaSequence of events in emergency cardiac care is displayed schematically by "chain oftically by "chain ofsurvival" metaphor.survival" metaphor.


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Pre hospital

care

Emergency care

Definitive care

Rehabilitation

Return to

community

Prevention

CHAIN OF SURVIVALCHAIN OF SURVIVAL

“The strength of the chain is as strong as it’s weakest link”


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KeselamatanKeselamatan mangsamangsa kemalangankemalangan


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KeselamatanKeselamatan ketikaketika kebakarankebakaran


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KeselamatanKeselamatan didi air air


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Meminta Meminta bantuanbantuan


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RAWATAN RAWATAN

•• BASIC LIFE SUPPORT/ASAS SOKONGAN HAYAT BASIC LIFE SUPPORT/ASAS SOKONGAN HAYAT

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=medmic02.wnmeds.ac.nz/groups/rmo/arrest/images/defibrillation.jpg&imgrefurl=http://medmic02.wnmeds.ac.nz/groups/rmo/arrest/images/defibrillation.html&h=624&w=832&prev=/images%3Fq%3Ddefibrillation%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26ie%3DUTF-8%26oe%3DUTF-8%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.ou.edu/oupd/cprbrad.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.ou.edu/oupd/choke.htm&h=221&w=218&prev=/images%3Fq%3Drescue%2Bbreathing%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26ie%3DUTF-8http://www.h.u-tokyo.ac.jp/uthealth/cpr11.jpg


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RAWATAN RAWATAN •• BANTUAN PERNAFASAN BANTUAN PERNAFASAN

••

HEIMLICH HEIMLICH ’ ’ S MANEUVRE / ABDOMINALS MANEUVRE / ABDOMINALTHRUST & CHEST COMPRESSION THRUST & CHEST COMPRESSION

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.mindspring.com/~divegeek/oxdelivery_files/image010.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.mindspring.com/~divegeek/oxdelivery.htm&h=339&w=319&prev=/images%3Fq%3DPOCKET%2BMASK%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.mindspring.com/~divegeek/oxdelivery_files/image010.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.mindspring.com/~divegeek/oxdelivery.htm&h=339&w=319&prev=/images%3Fq%3DPOCKET%2BMASK%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.mindspring.com/~divegeek/oxdelivery_files/image010.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.mindspring.com/~divegeek/oxdelivery.htm&h=339&w=319&prev=/images%3Fq%3DPOCKET%2BMASK%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.mindspring.com/~divegeek/oxdelivery_files/image010.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.mindspring.com/~divegeek/oxdelivery.htm&h=339&w=319&prev=/images%3Fq%3DPOCKET%2BMASK%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.mindspring.com/~divegeek/oxdelivery_files/image010.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.mindspring.com/~divegeek/oxdelivery.htm&h=339&w=319&prev=/images%3Fq%3DPOCKET%2BMASK%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.mindspring.com/~divegeek/oxdelivery_files/image010.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.mindspring.com/~divegeek/oxdelivery.htm&h=339&w=319&prev=/images%3Fq%3DPOCKET%2BMASK%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.mindspring.com/~divegeek/oxdelivery_files/image010.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.mindspring.com/~divegeek/oxdelivery.htm&h=339&w=319&prev=/images%3Fq%3DPOCKET%2BMASK%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.mindspring.com/~divegeek/oxdelivery_files/image010.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.mindspring.com/~divegeek/oxdelivery.htm&h=339&w=319&prev=/images%3Fq%3DPOCKET%2BMASK%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.mindspring.com/~divegeek/oxdelivery_files/image010.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.mindspring.com/~divegeek/oxdelivery.htm&h=339&w=319&prev=/images%3Fq%3DPOCKET%2BMASK%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.mindspring.com/~divegeek/oxdelivery_files/image010.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.mindspring.com/~divegeek/oxdelivery.htm&h=339&w=319&prev=/images%3Fq%3DPOCKET%2BMASK%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.mindspring.com/~divegeek/oxdelivery_files/image010.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.mindspring.com/~divegeek/oxdelivery.htm&h=339&w=319&prev=/images%3Fq%3DPOCKET%2BMASK%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.mindspring.com/~divegeek/oxdelivery_files/image010.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.mindspring.com/~divegeek/oxdelivery.htm&h=339&w=319&prev=/images%3Fq%3DPOCKET%2BMASK%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.mindspring.com/~divegeek/oxdelivery_files/image010.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.mindspring.com/~divegeek/oxdelivery.htm&h=339&w=319&prev=/images%3Fq%3DPOCKET%2BMASK%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.mindspring.com/~divegeek/oxdelivery_files/image010.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.mindspring.com/~divegeek/oxdelivery.htm&h=339&w=319&prev=/images%3Fq%3DPOCKET%2BMASK%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.mindspring.com/~divegeek/oxdelivery_files/image010.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.mindspring.com/~divegeek/oxdelivery.htm&h=339&w=319&prev=/images%3Fq%3DPOCKET%2BMASK%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.mindspring.com/~divegeek/oxdelivery_files/image010.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.mindspring.com/~divegeek/oxdelivery.htm&h=339&w=319&prev=/images%3Fq%3DPOCKET%2BMASK%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Denhttp://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.mindspring.com/~divegeek/oxdelivery_files/image010.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.mindspring.com/~divegeek/oxdelivery.htm&h=339&w=319&prev=/images%3Fq%3DPOCKET%2BMASK%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den


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RawatanRawatan kehilangankehilangan banyakbanyak darahdarah RawatanRawatan kecederaankecederaan matamata


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KaedahKaedah mengeluar mengeluar / /membawamembawa keluar keluar pesakit pesakit


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KaedahKaedah mengeluar mengeluar / /membawamembawa keluar keluar pesakit pesakit


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PeralatanPeralatan kelengkapankelengkapanFirst AidFirst Aid


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TANGGUNGJAWAB PEMBERITANGGUNGJAWAB PEMBERI PERTOLONGAN CEMAS PERTOLONGAN CEMAS

•• Menganalisa Menganalisa kejadiankejadian dandan persekitaran persekitaran , , dandan memintamemintabantuanbantuan

•• Memastikan Memastikan mangsamangsa dandan orang orang lainlain didi tempat tempat kejadiankejadian

beradaberada dalamdalam keadaankeadaan selamat selamat •• Menganalisa Menganalisa keadaankeadaan pesakit pesakit , , memberimemberi resusitasiresusitasi atauatau

rawatanrawatan

••

BersamaBersama pesakit pesakit sehinggasehingga pertolongan pertolongan tibatiba•• Mengatur Mengatur penghantaran penghantaran mangsamangsa keke hospital /hospital /

rumah/berjumparumah/berjumpa doktor doktor ..

••

Memberi Memberi lapuranlapuran kepadakepada pihak pihak berkenaanberkenaan


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CIRI CIRI --CIRI PEMBERICIRI PEMBERI PERTOLONGAN CEMAS PERTOLONGAN CEMAS

•• BerilmuBerilmu && berpengalamanberpengalaman

•• BerakhlakBerakhlak muliamulia

••Tenang Tenang && berkeyakinanberkeyakinan ( ( jati jati diridiri ) )

•• TidakTidak menunjukmenunjuk lagaklagak sepertiseperti herohero

•• TidakTidak menembahkanmenembahkan mudarat mudarat pada pada

mangsamangsa atauatau keadaankeadaan persekitaran persekitaran


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KENAPA TIDAK MAHU BELAJAR KENAPA TIDAK MAHU BELAJAR‘ ‘ FIRST AID FIRST AID’ ’

•• TiadaTiada masamasa•• TidakTidak sukasuka ujianujian

•• TidakTidak mahumahu kelihatankelihatan bodohbodoh•• WaktuWaktu pembelajaran pembelajaran tidaktidak sesuaisesuai•• TidakTidak sukasuka berkongsiberkongsi ‘ ‘ mannequinsmannequins’ ’

•• TidakTidak minat minat pembelajaran pembelajaran berkumpulanberkumpulan

PepePepe P,P, CopassCopass M, Joyce T: M, Joyce T: PrehospitalPrehospital endotracheal intubationendotracheal intubation –– The rationale for training emergencyThe rationale for training emergency

medical personnel. Annmedical personnel. Ann EmergEmerg Med 1985;14:1085 Med 1985;14:1085--10921092


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FIRST AID IS FOR FIRST AID IS FOR EVERYONE! EVERYONE!


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“Good First Aid is better than bad FirstGood First Aid is better than bad First

Aid, but even bad First Aid is a million Aid, but even bad First Aid is a million times times -- better better-- than no First Aid at all! than no First Aid at all!” ”


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