kajian pengaruh aktiviti ekonomi di ladang teh sabah terhadap alam sekitar dan manusia - leslie...

7/23/2019 Kajian Pengaruh Aktiviti Ekonomi di Ladang Teh Sabah Terhadap Alam Sekitar dan Manusia - Leslie Michael Chang

1/39

3

3,= ]jlhjlcbcl

Icgkcl klk okgcbclicl nchk djloc}cticl octc$octc djlhjlck }jlhc~za ijhkctcl

jiflfdk tj~acoc} cbcd ujiktc~, Ijhkctcl dclzukc dj~zgzi ij}coc citkpktk dclzukc

{clh okclhhc} ujnchck dclzukc jiflfdk, Ujnchck dclzukc jiflfdk" kc djlgcbclicl

citkpktk ac~kcl ojlhcl nj~kltj~ciuk ojlhcl cbcd ujiktc~ zltzi djlec}ck ijujgcatj~ccl

akoz} !Ijlh Uz Ujlh" >==:+, Ijhkctcl jiflfdk tj~dcuzibca }j~tclkcl" }j~bfdnflhcl"

}jdncbcicl" }j~kiclcl" }jltj~lcicl ocl ujnchckl{c,

Ijucl Ijhkctcl jiflfdk tj~acoc} cbcd ujiktc~

Cltc~c ijhkctcl jiflfdk {clh tj~njuc~ ok Dcbc{ukc kcbca citkpktk }j~tclkcl, Citkpktk

}j~tclkcl gzhc }jl{zdnclh ztcdc ij}coc }jlhz~clhcl aztcl ok Dcbc{ukc,

]jdnziccl tclca nc~z nchk djlgcbclicl citkpktk klk tjbca djl{jncnicl }jlj~ficcl

aztcl nj~bciz ocbcd uicbc {clh njuc~, ]coc tcazl 3;;=" Dcbc{ukc djd}zl{ck gzdbca

icxcucl {clh okbk}ztk aztcl ujncl{ci >30"03= id>, ]coc tcazl >=== gzdbca klk tjbca

djlz~zl ij}coc 3;>";>= id> ucacgc, Klk djlzlgziicl }jlhz~clhcl ujncl{ci >5"0;=

id> ctcz }coc icoc~ 3,>* ujtcazl, !@ffo clo Ch~kezbtz~j F~hclkwctkfl f` taj Zlktjo

Lctkflu" >==:+ ]jlhz~clhcl aztcl ncl{ci djl{zdnclh ijc~ca dcucbca$dcucbca

}jlejdc~cl {clh bckl, Ujnchck efltfal{c acikucl tclca {clh nj~bciz ciknct oc~k}coc

tkcoc acbclhcl$acbclhcl ok bcbzcl cbk~cl ck~ {clh djlhz~clhicl }jlhacikucl

}j~dziccl tclca gzhc tkcoc chjl }jl{j~c}cl uj}j~tk cic~$cic~ tzdnzacl zltzi

djl{j~c} ujgzdbca ck~ {clh nj~tcizlh ocbcd tclca, Ij~fucicl ej~zl ujdzbcgcok gzhc

nj~bciz djdcloclhicl }cloclh oc~ct cicl nj~znca gkic }jlj~ficcl djbkncticl

}jlj~cacl nzikt, Ujbckl oc~k}coc ktz gzhc tclca ocl bzd}z~ cicl djlhcbk~ ij icxcucl

uzlhck ocl cicl djlejtjiicl uzlhck ocl djdjloc}icl akbk~ uzlhck ok ucd}klh

djlgjgcuicl izcbktk ck~ ocl ijakoz}cl cizctki, Uctz bchk kuz {clh djdnkdnclhicl kcktz

}jlhhzlccl ~cezl uj~clhhc {clh nj~bjbzcuc ok Dcbc{ukc, Ocbcd uctz icgkcl

djlzlgziicl Dcbc{ukc dj~z}cicl ljhc~c tj~ncl{ci djlhhzlcicl ~cezl uj~clhhc ok

Cukc, !^j}jttf & Ncbkhc" 3;;0+, ^cezl uj~clhhc klk nzicl ucacgc djl{jncnicl


2/39

>

}jlejdc~cl tclka" gzhc njicbcl ck~ ok uzlhck gzhc ncxca tclca, Ujdnz~cl ~cezl

uj~clhhc gzhc ujec~c tkoci bclhuzlh djl{jncnicl }jl{cikt izbkt ij ctcu dclzukc,

Citkpktk jiflfdk {clh tj~ijlcb ok Dcbc{ukc gzhc tj~dcuzibca ijhkctcl }j~bfdnflhcl,

]j~bfdnflhcl ok Dcbc{ukc uzoca bcdc okzucacicl ujgci ujnjbzd ijoctclhcl }jlgcgca

ij _clca Djbc{z, ]j~bfdnflhcl ujec~c t~cokukflcb tkoci ncl{ci djdnj~k kd}ci {clh

ljhctk` ij ctcu cbcd ujiktc~, Icjoca }j~bfdnflhcl dfojl djl{jncnicl ijdzulcacl

{clh nj~bciz ok icxcucl {clh okzucacicl, Efltfal{c }jlhhzlccl ic}cb if~ji {clh

dj~fuciicl ut~zitz~ tclka ocl djl{jncnicl }jdjloc}cl ok akbk~ uzlhck, Bfdnflh

jdcu {clh nj~uicbc ijekb }zl dcd}z djl{jncnicl akbk~ uzlhck djlgcok djloc} ocl

djlhhclhhz }A ck~ uzlhck djlgcok nj~cuko, Bfdnflh }cuk~ ok }j~ukuk~cl }cltck

djl{jncnicl ijdzulcacl tj~znz ic~clh ocl gzhc djlhclecd akoz}cl dc~kl ok

icxcucl tj~ujnzt, Uctz bchk uktzcuk {clh nkcucl{c nj~bciz okdclc icxcucl bfdnflh

{clh tjbca ijacnkucl uzdnj~l{c cicl tj~njlhicbck ocl tj~nkc~ djlgcok tcuki {clh

nj~ncac{c, Ocl ijxzgzocl ncloc~ ctcz }jicl ok icxcucl bfdnflh djdl{jncnicl

}jlejdc~cl cbcd ujiktc~ {clh bjnka ifd}bjiu uj}j~tk }jlejdc~cl zoc~c" }zbcz acnc"

nclgk~ ikbct" ijdzulcacl acnktct ackxcl ocl ncl{ci bchk,


3/39

5

Klozut~k }j~kiclcl ok Dcbc{ukc ncl{ci okzucacicl ok }jukuk~ }cltck" uzlhck ocl tcuki,

Dcbc{ukc dj~z}cicl cltc~c ljhc~c {clh ic{c ojlhcl acukb bczt, Lcdzl acukb$acukb bczt

klk ujik~cl{c tkoci okicxcb cicl djlhhclhhz jifukutjd ocl gzhc cicl djlhz~clhicl

uzdnj~ }~ftjkl, Efltfal{c ok Izlci" Ucnca okbc}f~icl djlhjbzc~icl ?51 tcl djt~ki

acukb bczt ok }cuc~ ac~kcl ocj~ca tj~ujnzt, !Gcnctcl Bczt Ucnca" 3;;:$>===+,

]jlj~ficcl ocuc~ bczt {clh tkoci tj~icxcb cicl djl{jncnicl ij}z}zucl ackxcl,

Icjoca }j~kiclcl t~cokukflcb nkcucl{c tkoci djl{jncnicl ij~fucicl ocl tkoci

djlhclecd uzdnj~ bczt, _jtc}k }coc ac~k klk" }jlhhzlccl nft" ic}cb" }zict tzloc

dj~fuciicl tj~zdnz ic~clh ok ocuc~ bczt" djlejdc~icl bczt ciknct }j~tzd}cacd

dkl{ci ocl ujnchckl{c,

Ukutjd }jlhclhiztcl nkcucl{c cicl oknklc nchk djlhclhizt acukb oc~k}coc }j~zucacl

jiflfdk ok uctz$uctz icxcucl, Gcbcl ~c{c {clh oknklc ok icxcucl }j~zucaccl

nkcucl{c cicl djl{jncnicl acikucl tclca ij~clc tkcoc tzdnzacl {clh djl{fiflh

tclca ocl djlhacbclh }jlhcbk~cl ck~ {clh oj~cu, Ujbckl ktz gzhc" bclouic} gzhc cicl

nj~znca djl{jncnicl }cloclh oc~ct ok icxcucl nj~znca oc~k njltzi cucb, _clca

~zltza ocl hjbflhuf~cl tclca gzhc uj~klh nj~bciz ocl klk cicl djl{jncnicl bjnka

ncl{ci dcucbca$dcucbca cbcd ujiktc~ {clh uj~kzu, Kcl{c nzicl ucacgc

djdncac{cicl `bf~c ocl `czlc tjtc}k gzhc dclzukc ujlok~k,


4/39

?

>,= Bctc~ njbciclh dcucbca

Icxcucl ~clcz dj~z}cicl icxcucl {clh eziz} tj~ijlcb ojlhcl klozut~k }j~tclkcl

ocl }jbcleflhcl, Ciknct oc~k}coc }jdnclhzlcl klk" ncl{ci }j~zncacl {clh nj~bciz

ij ctcu cbcd ujiktc~, ]jljnclhcl }fifi zltzi tzgzcl }jdnziccl tclca nc~z ujnchck

icxcucl }j~tclkcl djdnj~k kd}ci ij}coc kibkd ok ^clcz, _j~oc}ct }j~zncacl uzaz ok

~clcz {clh ijtc~c, O~, ^cdwca Ocdnzb" >==;" djlgclhicicl gzbct uzaz tclca tklhhk

Izlocuclh ok ^clcz lcki ij}coc cltc~c 5> aklhhc ?0 oc~gca Ejbukzu }coc tcazl >=:8

nj~ncloklh cltc~c 30 aklhhc >5 oc~gca Ejbukzu ujic~clh, Njbkcz nj~ictc nj~ictc

}j~zncacl djlococi gzbct uzaz ktz nj~njwc ojlhcl }j~zncacl gzbct uzaz =,: oc~gca

Ejbukzu ocbcd tjd}fa >= tcazl bcbz, ]j~zncacl kibkd ^clcz klk djlhhcdnc~icl

njtc}c njuc~l{c kd}ci }jljnclhcl }fifi ocl }jdclcucl hbfncb tj~acoc} uzaz ok

^clcz, ]jlozozi ujiktc~ {clh tjbca bcdc djljtc} ok icxcucl ^clcz dj~zlhzt

tj~acoc} }j~zncacl kibkd {clh ujdcikl }clcu, Ocbcd gclhic dcuc {clh }clgclh"

ijcoccl klk oktciztk cicl djlhz~clhicl gzdbca }jbcleflh {clh nj~izlgzlh ij ^clcz,

]jtclk$}jtclk ok Ucnca iazuzul{c iz~clh ujluktk` ojlhcl kuz$kuz cbcd ujiktc~,

_jilfbfhk ocbcd }j~tclkcl }coc dcuc iklk djlhcikncticl ~cdck }jtclk djlhcdnkb

klkukctk` ojlhcl djlhhzlcicl ~cezl uj~clhhc ocl ncgc ikdkc zltzi ijhkctcl }j~tclkcl,

Ncacl$ncacl klk cicl djlejdc~icl uzlhck nj~ojictclij~clc ncacl ikdkc klk djlhcbk~

ij uzlhck djbcbzk ukutjd ucbk~cl, Nzicl uzlhck ucacgc tj~ejdc~" dcbca izcbktk tclca

gzhc tj~gjgcu, Ocbcd cianc~ Ztzucl Dcbc{ukc" Lfpjdnj~ 30" >=3=" Ocj~ca ^clcz {clh

okijlcbk ujnchck }jlhjbzc~ ztcdc uc{z~cl ljhj~k iklk nj~acoc}cl clecdcl

}jlejdc~cl uzlhck {clh uj~kzu, Octzi Dcukok Dclgzl nj~ictc" ukic} }jtclk {clh tkoci

djlhcdcbicl cdcbcl }j~tclkcl ncki djl{jncnicl nj~bcizl{c }jlejdc~cl uzlhck ok

ocj~ca ^clcz,

Acikucl tclca gzhc chci djdnkdnclhicl ij~clc ijncl{cicl icxcucl bj~jlh nzikt ok^clcz oktj~fick zltzi tzgzcl }j~tclkcl ocl }jlhclhiztcl, Uctz }j~kutkxc tclca ~zltza

njuc~ nj~bciz ok bcbzcl cltc~c Iftc iklcncbz$^clcz !Nj~lcdc" =3 Okujdnj~ >==;+

dj~z}cicl ucbca uctz ciknct oc~k}coc acikucl tclca, Ocbcd gclhic dcuc {clh

}clgclh" cicl bjnka ncl{ci icxcucl {clh djlhcbcdk ijgcokcl {clh ucdc,


5/39

:

Citkpktk }j~tclkcl tj~ztcdcl{c ok Ucnca ncl{ci djlhkd}f~t tjlchc nz~za oc~k ljhc~c

gk~cl, Utctkutki }coc tcazl >==1 ok Dcbc{ukc ucacgc tj~oc}ct >,3> gztc f~clh }jij~gc

cuklh {clh djdkbkik }cu ctcz }j~dkt ij~gc {clh uca" dclcicbc bjnka uctz gztc f~clh

okclhhc~icl nj~utctzu ]C_K !Lkqfl Ag, Cnozb Acnk" >==;+, Ok Ucnca }zbc" ujncl{ci

3:8";00 ]C_K {clh okoc`tc~icl ok Ucnca, !Cbxk Kn~cakd" >=33+, ]j~ic~c klk

djdnkdnclhicl bjnka$bjnka bchk ukic} ~ci{ct tjd}ctcl {clh djdnj~k ij~gcucdc

ij}coc ]C_K gzhc cocbca }zlec dj~jic tj~zu dcuzi ij ljhc~c klk ocl tklhhcb bjnka

bcdc, Hfbflhcl ]C_K klk dzoca okjiu}bfktcuk fbja ~ci{ct tjd}ctcl {clh djlhcdnkb

ijujd}ctcl ojlhcl djl{jokcicl }jbzclh }jij~gccl, Dj~jic cicl djdnc{c~ hcgk

{clh bjnka ~jloca ij}coc ]C_K nchk dj~cka ijzltzlhcl {clh nj~hcloc, Lcdzl"

Ijacok~cl }jij~gc cuklh tj~ztcdc ]C_K gzhc djlhzloclh dcucbca ufukcb tj~ztcdc

gjlc{ca ok ljhc~c klk, Xcbcz}zl njhktz oc~k}coc utctkutki djlzlgzicl icoc~ gjlc{ca

{clh okbcizicl fbja }jloctclh cuklh acl{c ?,:8 }j~ctzu }coc tcazl >==1 !Lkqfl Ag,

Cnozb Acnk" >==;+, Ij~cgccl tkoci dcaz }jloctclh cuklh tj~ztcdc ]C_K djlgcok

}jl{zdnclh ij}coc icoc~ gjlc{ca ok ljhc~c klk, Xcbcz}zl icoc~l{c ~jloca" ~ci{ct

dj~cuc ez~khc ocl ijtciztcl nj~ocuc~icl njnj~c}c ijgcokcl {clh djbkncticl

}jloctclh cuklh tj~ztcdc ]C_K,


6/39

0

5,= ]jl{ctccl dcucbca

Icgkcl djlhjlck clecdcl tj~acoc} cbcd ujiktc~ cocbca }j~bz okgcbclicl uz}c{c acukb

icgkcl dcd}z djdnj~k u}juk`kicuk {clh bjnka tj~}j~klek ij}coc dcu{c~cict ocl

djdnzct cbtj~lctk` zltzi djl{jbjuckicl dcucbca klk ujbclgztl{c, ]coc ac~k klk"

}jdnclhzlcl ujujnzca icxcucl nkcucl{c cicl djl{jncnicl ncl{ci dcucbca

}jlejdc~cl {clh nj~bciz,

Icgkcl gzhc djlhcdnkb ik~c ijucl }jdnclhzlcl jiflfdk ij}coc dclzukc, Ijucll{c

djdzlhikl }jlozozi tjd}ctcl djlj~kdc ijucl oc~k}coc }jlejdc~cl cbcd `kwkicb,

Izcbktk ijakoz}cl dcu{c~cict ujtjd}ct cicl tj~gjgcu, Ujbckl oc~k}coc ktz" dcucbca

ijdcuzicl xc~hc cuklh ij icxcucl ujtjd}ct cocbca dj~zluklhicl, Ijdcuzicl

xc~hc cuklh ok ljhc~c klk cicl djl{zdnclh ij}coc ncl{ci }j~dcucbcacl uj}j~tk

icecz nkbcz ocl }jlklhictcl gjlc{ca, Ijdcuzicl xc~hc cuklh gzhc nfbja

djl{jncnicl jiflfdk ljhc~c tj~gjgcu, Klk ij~clc z}ca {clh ok}j~fbjak cicl okacltc~

ij bzc~ ljhc~c tjtc}k tkoci oknjbclgcicl ok Dcbc{ukc, Klk djl{jncnicl cbk~cl dctc xclh

Dcbc{ukc cicl djdncxc ij}coc dcucbca jiflfdk

?,= ]j~ufcbcl Icgkcl

Icgkcl klk djd}zl{ck njnj~c}c clockcl uj}j~tk nj~kizt7

3, C}cica gjlku ijhkctcl jiflfdk ok icxcucl icgkcl6

>, C}cica `citf~$`citf~ {clh djlhhcbciicl citkpktk jiflfdk ok icxcucl icgkcl6

5, C}cica aznzlhickt ijhkctcl jiflfdk ojlhcl citkpktk }jbcleflhcl6

?, C}cica ijucl ijhkctcl jiflfdk tj~acoc} cbcd ujiktc~ ocl dclzukc,

:, C}cica bclhica$bclhica djlhctcuk dcucbca cbcd ujiktc~ ocl dclzukc


7/39

8

:,= Fngjitk` Icgkcl

Cltc~c fngjitk` icgkcl klk kcbca7

3, Djlhjlcb}cutk ijhkctcl jiflfdk ok icxcucl icgkcl

>, @citf~$`citf~ {clh djlhhcbciicl citkpktk jiflfdk ok icxcucl icgkcl

5, Aznzlhickt ijhkctcl jiflfdk ojlhcl citkpktk }jbcleflhcl

?, Ijucl ijhkctcl jiflfdk tj~acoc} cbcd ujiktc~ ocl dclzukc,

:, Djlhjlcb}cutk bclhica djlhctcuk dcucbca cbcd ujiktc~ ocl dclzukc

0,= Nctcucl icgkcl

0,3 _jd}fa Icgkcl

Icgkcl klk okgcbclicl ujbcdc > ac~k nj~dzbc }coc 3: Uj}tjdnj~ ujaklhhc 30

Uj}tjdnj~ >=33,

0,> Icxcucl Icgkcl

Icgkcl cicl okgcbclicl ok ujiktc~ icxcucl Bcoclh _ja Ucnca" ^clcz,

0,5 ju}flojl Icgkcl

Icgkcl cicl ok`fizu ocbcd icbclhcl }jlhzucac" }jij~gc bcoclh ocl }jlozozi

ok ujiktc~ Bcoclh _ja Ucnca" ^clcz,

0,? @fizu Icgkcl

Icgkcl {clh okgcbclicl cicl djlhicgk

0,?,3 Gjlku ijhkctcl jiflfdk {clh okgcbclicl,

0,?,> @citf~ {clh djlhhcbciicl ijhkctcl jiflfdk,

0,?,5 Aznzlhickt gjlku ijhkctcl jiflfdk {clh okgcbclicl ojlhcl

ijhkctcl }jbcleflhcl,

0,?,? Ijucl ijhkctcl jiflfdk tj~acoc} cbcd ujiktc~ ocl dclzukc,

0,?,: Bclhica nchk djlhctcuk ijucl ljhctk` tj~acoc} cbcd ujiktc~,


8/39

1

8,= ij}jltklhcl icgkcl

Icgkcl klk cdct nj~dcilc ocbcd ifltjiu }jlklhictcl ijkbdzcl ocbcd }jdnclhzlcl

ocl kuz }j~ujiktc~cl, Ok Dcbc{ukc" }jdnclhzlcl ujitf~ }j~tclkcl dcuka bchk }j~bcacl

ujoclhicl kibkd ok dcbc{ukc uclhct ujuzck zltzi djlgcokicl dcbc{ukc ujnchck ljhc~c

}j~tclkcl uj}j~tk {clh okzucacicl fbja ij~cgccl, Ujitf~ }jbcleflhcl }zbc tjbca

djlhcbcdk }jdnclhzlcl }juct ok Dcbc{ukc ujgci cxcb tcazl 3;;=cl, Ujitf~

}jbcleflhcl okgclhic cicl tj~zu nj~ijdnclh djlgjbclh cnco ij$>3, Acukb icgkcl klk

dcd}z djl{zdnclh ij}coc }jlklhictcl }jlhjtcazcl }j~tclkcl" }jbcleflhcl ocl

kuz }j~ujiktc~cl, Acukb icgkcl {clh okijdzicicl fbja }jl{jbkoki oc}ct djdnj~k

dcl`cct ij}coc ujdzc }kaci ocbcd zucac dj~clhic ocl djbciuclcicl

}jdnclhzlcl jiflfdk {clh dc}cl ocl dju~c cbcd, _klgczcl icgkcl bj}cu ocl acukb

icgkcl gzhc djlgcok uzdnj~ ~zgzicl ocl }clozcl cucu nchk }kaci {clh tj~bknct,

_klocicl dclzukc ujnchck chjl ocbcd djlhjiu}bfktcuk uzdnj~ cbcd ujdzbc gcok" acukb

icgkcl klk okac~c} oc}ct okhzlcicl ujnchck }clozcl ocl }jlhcgc~cl,


9/39

;

1,= Bficuk Icgkcl

Icgkcl tjbca okbciuclcicl ok Bcoclh _ja Ucnca {clh tj~ijlcb ojlhcl ijhkctcl

jiflfdkl{c kcktz }j~tclkcl ocl }jbcleflhcl, Bficuk tj~ujnzt tj~bjtci ok Icd}zlh

Lcbc}ci" ^clcz, Icxcucl icgkcl cocbca ujbzcu >:== ajitc~, Ncl{ci ek~k$ek~k icxcucl

klk {clh djlgcok tc~kicl }jbcleflh ok ujbz~za ozlkc,

1,3 ]jtc Bficuk

^cgca 1,3 7 ]jtc bficuk


10/39

3=

1,> Ufukcb

Icgkcl klk tjbca okgcbclicl ok ocj~ca ^clcz" Ucnca, Icxcucl klk tj~bjtci ok

icxcucl }jocbcdcl Ucnca" ocbcd icxcucl iactzbkutkxc aztcl t~f}kic

cltc~c :=5=( $ 0=>=(L ocl 3305= $ 338==J,

^clcz ocj~ca djd}zl{ck }jlozozi uj~cdck ?;,8:1 f~clh ojlhcl

uzdnj~ ztcdc }jloc}ctcl ok icbclhcl }jlozozil{c kcbca }j~tclkcl

!:=*+" }jbcleflhcl ocl njij~gc ujlok~k !8*+" ocl }jlgcxct cdcd

!35*+, !X, Bklhctca" C, ^, Dfgkfb" G, Ifofa" D, Ufbkdzl" >=3=70=+

Ujec~c zdzdl{c" dcgf~ktk }jlhazlk ocj~ca ^clcz cocbca uziz iczd

Ozuzl, _j~oc}ct ujhjbkltk~ }jlozozi eklc Aciic ocl Afiikjl {clh

djlhkuk }f}zbcuk ^clcz, _j~oc}ct gzhc ujhjbkltk~ iczd$iczd bckl uj}j~tk

ncgcz" icocwcl" Djbc{z" Dz~zt ocl bckl bckl,!Xkik}jokc 7 ^clcz+

Ok icxcucl icgkcl" dcgf~ktk }jij~gcl{c cocbca }jlozozi }j~knzdk kcktz

0=* oc~k}coc }jij~gc ijujbz~zacl, ?=* cocbca }jij~gc oc~k}coc

Klofljukc, Klk cocbca ij~clc tjlchc ij~gc Klofljukc ok}j~bzicl ok Bcoclh

_ja Ucnca,

Ijhkctcl jiflfdk {clh okgcbclicl ok icxcucl icgkcl kcbca ijhkctcl

}j~tclkcl ujec~c ifdj~ukcb ocl gzhc jif}jbcleflhcl, _j~oc}ct

ijdzocacl {clh okujokcicl nchk djlc~ki dklct }jbcleflh zltzi

nj~izlgzlh ij icxcucl icgkcl,

1,5 Kibkd

Kibkd ok icxcucl icgkcl dj~z}cicl icxcucl tclca tklhhk, Uzaz ok

icxcucl icgkcl cocbca bjnka ~jloca oc~k}coc ok icxcucl tclca ~jloca,

Uj}j~tk tclca tklhhk ecdj~fl akhabclo" uzaz ok icxcucl tj~ujnzt cocbca

ok ujiktc~ 30E aklhhc >?E }coc tcazl >=== !Klpjut Kl ]caclh7 _clca

_klhhk+, Dclcicbc icxcucl {clh nj~acd}k~cl ojlhcl icxcucl icgkcl

kcktz Izlocuclh }zbc djd}zl{ck uzaz ok ujiktc~ 30E aklhhc >5E }coc

tcazl >==; !O~, ^cdwca Ocdnzb" >==;+, Ujec~c cdl{c" ^clcz

djd}zl{ck uzaz }z~ctc >:,8E ocl azgcl tcazlcl ujncl{ci >:==dd

ujtcazl !Xcbtj~ Bkltclhca" >=3=+


11/39

33

1,? Cu}ji cbcd kwkicb

1,?,3 Njltzi dzic nzdk

Njltzi dzic nzdk ok ocj~ca ^clcz cocbca nj~nzikt nzicz, Lcdzl

ujncachkcl icxcucl ok ^clcz cocbca ~ctc ocl okijbkbklhk nzikt,

1,?,> Hcdnc~cl tclca

Djlz~zt G, Ucd !>==1+" _clca gjlku Ocj~ca ^clcz tj~ok~k oc~k}coc Nklcbki"

N~cltkcl" Ocbkt ocl Bcncz {clh ujuzck zltzi }j~tclkcl ocl }j~bcoclhcl

}fifi !X, Bkltclhca" >=3=+, Fbja ktz" gjlku tclca {clh ujuzck klk nfbja

djdnj~k hcdnc~cl djlhjlck gjlku tclca {clh nj~coc ok icxcucl icgkcl

ij~clc klk cocbca ek~k$ek~k {clh }j~bz okztcdcicl zltzi djloc}ct acukb

tclcdcl {clh ncki,

1,?,5 Ucbk~cl

^cgca 1,> 7 Ucbk~cl tclca


12/39

3>

Ucbk~cl {clh ztcdc kcbca Uzlhck Bkxchz !Gcnctcl Ocj~ca ^clcz" >==;+,

Ukutjd ucbk~cl ok ocj~ca ~clcz okujbjlhhc~c fbja Gcnctcl ]jlhck~cl ocl

Ucbk~cl Ljhj~k Ucnca ecxclhcl ^clcz, Gcnctcl klk djlhjlocbk ocl

djl{jbjlhhc~c Uikd$uikd ]jlhck~cl tj~dcuzi uikd$uikd }jlhck~cl ijekb

{clh okzucacicl fbja }jtclk$}jtclk ujec~c ijekb$ijekbcl zltzi djdncltz

djlcdncaicl acukb ijbzc~cl }cok dj~jic, Uikd$uikd ]jlhck~cl {clh

tj~oc}ct ok Ocj~ca ]jltconk~cl G]U ^clcz, !Gcnctcl ]jlhck~cl ocl ucbk~cl

Ucnca" >=3=+, Ukutjd ucbk~cl ztcdc ncloc~ {clh djbkncticl }c~kt$}c~kt ztcdc

gzhc okujbjlhc~c, Ujdjltc~c ktz }c~kt$}c~kt ujizloj~ ocl }c~kt$}c~kt

}j~zdcacl okujbjlhhc~cicl fbja }kaci nj~izcuc tjd}ctcl, ]c~kt$}c~kt tj}k

gcbcl~c{c }zbc okujbjlhhc~cicl fbja Gcnctcl Ij~gc ^c{c, Ij~gc$ij~gc

}jdjbkac~ccl uzlhck dj~z}cicl `zlhuk t~cokuk G]U {clh }jltklh, Ok cltc~c

ij~gc$ij~gc {clh tj~bknct cocbca djdnj~uka uzlhck kcktz djlhjbzc~icl ukuc$

ukuc uj}j~tk ic{z$ic{z {clh djl{jict cbk~cl ck~ uzlhck" djlhf~ji uzlhck

uj~tc djbz~zuicl uzlhck, Ujec~c }z~ctc Ocj~ca ]jltconk~cl G]U ^clcz

djdjbkac~c ujncl{ci 3;? nctclh uzlhck uj}clgclh 5=5 id ujtkc} tcazl,

!Gcnctcl ]jlhck~cl ocl ucbk~cl Ucnca" >=3=+


13/39

35

1,?,? Gjlku tzdnzacl

Gjlku aztcl {clh tj~bjtci ok tclca tklhhk nkcucl{c Aztcl J~kecejfzu, !]zucic

^kdnc Dcbc{c 7 Aztcl azgcl+, Ocbcd ijtklhhkcl 3":== djtj~ oc~k }c~cu bczt"

nkcucl{c gjlku tzdnzacl {clh tj~oc}ct ok icxcucl klk djlhclozlhk u}jukju

}fifi nj~uckw ijekb" njlhifi ocl ~jloca uj}j~tk ijbct" }j~kzi ij~c ocl

nj~nchck gjlku njbzic~" nzbza" ~jucd" }ciz }ciku ocl bzdzt,

Ocbcd icgkcl X, Bkltclhca !>==;+" cltc~c gjlku }fifi {clh tzdnza ok

icxcucl ^clcz kcbca ]fifi Oz~kcl" ]fifi Hjtca" ]fifi Cicukc" ]fifi Gctk"

Ic{z Hfufi" ]fifi ]klj" ]fifi Nklzclh" ]fifi Ujltclh Ocl ]fifi Bc~cl,

Ok icxcucl icgkcl" }fifi$}fifil{c nj~uckw ijekb ocl tkoci tj~bcbz tklhhk,

Ocacl$ocacll{c nj~okcdjtj~ ujoj~aclc, _zdnzacl jqftke uj}j~tk }j~kzi

ij~c ocl gzhc ~j`bjukc gzhc coc tzdnza ok icxcucl icgkcl,

;,= Djtfofbfhk

;,3 ^jic njltzi icgkcl

^jic njltzi icgkcl bc}clhcl klk cocbca bjnka ij}coc njltzi icjoca izcbktctk`

ocl acl{c djlhhzlcicl icjoca izcltktctk` ujnchck ufiflhcl ij}coc dcibzdct

{clh ok}j~fbjak, Djlz~zt Ljdcl !>===+" icgkcl izcltktctk` dj~z}cicl uzctz

}j~tcl{ccl tj~acoc} dcucbca {clh tjbca okijlcb}cutk {clh dclc nj~ocuc~icl

ij}coc }jlhzgkcl uzctz tjf~k {clh okhznca fbja }jdnfbjaznca" okziz~ djbcbzk

}j~xcikbcl lfdnf~" ocl okclcbkuc djlhhzlcicl tjilki utctkutkicb, Dclcicbc

djlz~zt Afbbfxc{ !3;;8+" icgkcl izcbktctk` dj~z}cicl uzctz njltzi }j~tcl{ccl

ufukcb {clh djd`fizuicl ij}coc ec~c kltj~}~jtcuk dclzukc ocl bfhkicb tj~acoc}

}jlhcbcdcl dj~jic uj~tc }j~ujiktc~cl ok dclc dj~jic tklhhcb !Zlkpj~uktk

_jilfbfhk Dcbc{ukc7 Djtfofbfhk Icgkcl+, Ocbcd j~tk ictc {clh bjnka dzoca"

icjoca izcbktctk` bjnka nj~uk`ct ojui~k}tk` {clh bjnka ij}coc }jlhaz~ckcl }j~ic~c$}j~ic~c {clh okicgk ocl uif} icgkcl djbk}ztk nkbclhcl ~ju}flojl {clh ijekb,

Dclcicbc icjoca izcltktctk` djbkncticl clhic$clhic" }j~ctzucl utctkutki ocl

bckl$bckl, Uif} icgkcl djbkncticl ~ju}flojl {clh njuc~,


14/39

3?

^cukflcb }jlhhzlccl icjoca izcbktctk` ocbcd icgkcl klk ij~clc uif} icgkcl

acl{c tj~tzd}z ocbcd uctz icxcucl tj~}j~klek, Icgkcl klk tkoci djdj~bzicl

~ju}flojl {clh ~cdck ij~clc acl{c uctz ~ju}flojl ucacgc uzoca djdcock

ocl icgkcl klk djbkncticl bjnka ncl{ci icjoca }jdj~actkcl ocl tjdznzcb,

Icjoca izcltktctk` okhzlcicl zltzi djl{fiflh ij}coc ujncachkcl fngjitk`

icgkcl kcktz aznzlhickt cltc~c ijhkctcl jiflfdk ojlhcl citkpktk }jbcleflhcl

ocl `citf~$`citf~ {clh djlhhcbciicl citkpktk jiflfdk ok icxcucl icgkcl,

Icjoca izcbktctk` okhzlcicl zltzi djloc}cticl dcibzdct nchk ijujdzc

fngjitk`,

;,> Klut~zdjl Icgkcl

;,>,3 ]jdj~actkcl

k, Icdj~c Icdj~c okhzlcicl nj~tzgzcl zltzi djlhcdnkb nzitk

}jdj~actkcl ok icxcucl icgkcl, Cbct klk nj~`zlhuk djlclhic} kdjg$kdjg

uj}j~tk ijcoccl tclca" gjlku tzdnzacl" }jlejdc~cl cbcd ok icxcucl

icgkcl,

kk, Nziz ectctcl Nziz ectctcl okhzlcicl zltzi djlectct jbjdjl$jbjdjl

{clh oc}ct okbkact oc~k}coc }jdj~actkcl ocbcd njltzi }jictccl, Kc gzhc

nfbja okgcokicl cbct zltzi djbcic~ }jtc ok icxcucl icgkcl,

kkk, ]j~cicd Pkojf Cbct klk okhzlcicl zltzi dj~jifo nzl{k ocl gzhc kdjg

nj~hj~ci zltzi djloc}cticl hcdnc~cl {clh bjnka gjbcu, Cbct klk ujuzck

zltzi dj~cicd nzitk }jdj~actkcl ucdnkb dj~cicd uzc~c zltzi

}jlgjbcucl tj~}j~klek djlhjlck fngji {clh ok~cicd, Efltfal{c ucbk~cl

tclca" }jlejdc~cl ocl bckl$bckl,


15/39

3:

;,>,> _jdznzcb

Ufcbcl tjdznzcb cbct klk okhzlcicl zltzi djloc}cticl dcibzdct tj~}j~klek

oc~k}coc ~ju}flojl, Ufcbcl {clh oktcl{c cocbca nj~uk`ct tj~nzic chc~

}jdj~fbjacl dcibzdct bjnka bzcu uif}l{c, Klk cocbca zltzi djlhjbci

ijtklhhcbcl dcibzdct }jltklh ujdcuc djdnzct icgkcl, Ufcbcl cocbca dj~zgzi

ij}coc }j~ufcbcl icgkcl uj}j~tk nj~kizt7

3, C}cica gjlku ijhkctcl jiflfdk ok icxcucl icgkcl6

>, C}cica `citf~$`citf~ {clh djlhhcbciicl citkpktk jiflfdk ok icxcucl icgkcl6

5, C}cica aznzlhickt ijhkctcl jiflfdk ojlhcl citkpktk }jbcleflhcl6

?, C}cica ijucl ijhkctcl jiflfdk tj~acoc} cbcd ujiktc~ ocl dclzukc,

:, C}cica bclhica$bclhica djlhctcuk dcucbca cbcd ujiktc~ ocl dclzukc,

;,>,5 ]j~cbctcl bckl

k, Nf~clh ufcb ujbkoki $ Nchk djlhzd}zb octc$octc izcltktctk`" nf~clh

ufcb ujbkoki okjoc~icl ij}coc }jij~gc bcoclh ocl }jlozozi ok ujiktc~

bcoclh tja ucnca, Nf~ci ufcb ujbkoki klk dj~clhizdk 5 ncachkcl kcktz

}~f`kb" dcl`cct ijhkctcl jiflfdk tj~acoc} cbcd ujiktc~ ocl dclzukc

ocl aznzlhickt ijhkctcl jiflfdk ocl }jbcleflhcl, Nf~clh klk gzhc

djlhhzlcicl c~cu ncacuc {clh dzoca chc~ dzoca ok`cacdk

}jlozozi ok icxcucl ktz,

kk, Ifd}cu cbct klk okhzlcicl zltzi djlhjlcb}cutk c~ca dctc clhkl,

Gzhc zltzi djlhziz~ ijej~zlcl nzikt ok bcoclh tja

kkk, ]jtc ]jtc djdnj~k hcdnc~cl tj}ct djlhjlck }cloclh oc~ct ok

icxcucl bcoclh tja Ucnca

kp, Ebklfdjtj~ okhzlcicl zltzi djlhziz~ ijej~zlcl ok icxcucl icgkcl,

Ijej~zlcl cocbca okziz~ ocbcd zlkt oc~gca uzozt, Octc klk okizd}zb

nj~tzgzcl zltzi djlkbck ijujbcdctcl }jlclcdcl tja ok ej~zl nzikt,


16/39

30

;,5 _jilki }jlhzd}zbcl octc

;,5,3 Octc }~kdj~

Octc ]~kdj~ kcbca octc djltca {clh ok}j~fbjak ujdcuc icgkcl ujoclh

okgcbclicl, Octc }~kdj~ okizd}zb djlhhzlcicl icjoca }jdj~actkcl"

tjdznzcb ocl ufcb ujbkoki, Octc }~kdj~ bjnka okztcdcicl ocbcd icgkcl klk,

octc$octc }~kdj~ klk cicl okclcbkuku ocbcdnjltzi }j~nkleclhcl" utctkutki"

ocl gcozcb,

;,5,> Octc ujizloj~

Octc ujizloj~ kcbca octc {clh tjbca ujokc coc ocl okgcokicl ~zgzicl,

Octc klk gzhc dj~z}cicl icgkcl ocl ijukd}zbcl {clh oknzct ujnjbzd

icgkcl klk okgcbclicl, Octc ujizloj~ ok}j~fbja oc~k}coc gz~lcb" nziz" tjuku"

bcdcl xjn ocl ij~ctcl cianc~, Octc klk cdct }jltklh zltzi djl{fiflh

dcucbca icgkcl ocl zltzi okncloklhicl ojlhcl octc }~kdj~,

;,? Clcbkuku Octc

Octc$octc {clh okizd}zb tjbca ok}~fuju ocbcd njltzi clcbkuku utctkutki okui~k}tk`

ocl clcbkuku okui~}tk`, Zltzi octc$octc {clh ok}j~fbjak oc~k}coc icjoca

izcltktctk`" octc tj~ujnzt ok}~fuju ocbcd njltzi clcbkuku utctkutki octc ocl

ok}j~ujdncaicl ocbcd njltzi h~c` nc~ ctcz}zl ec~tc }ck, Zltzi octc izcbktctk`"

octc tj~ujnzt okclcbkuku ujec~c okui~k}tk` ojlhcl }jlj~clhcl tj~}j~klek nchk

ujtkc} djibzdct,


17/39

38

3=,= Bc}f~cl Acukb

3=,3 Djlhjlcb}cutk ijhkctcl jiflfdk ok icxcucl icgkcl

Gcozcb 3=,3 7 Gjlku$gjlku ijhkctcl jiflfdk ok icxcucl icgkcl

Icxcucl icgkcl nzicl ucacgc djlhzucacicl citkpktk }j~tclkcl tjtc}k gzhc ijhkctcl

}jbcleflhcl" }j~lkchccl ocl }j~iakodctcl, Ocbcd ujitf~ }jbcleflhcl" afdjutc{

ctcz}zl ~zdca ujxc ocl jef$tfz~kud okujokcicl, Ocbcd ujitf~ }j~lkchccl }zbc"

i~c`tclhcl oc~k}coc }jlozozi tjd}ctcl ocl gzhc }~fozi tja okgzcb ok icxcucl icgkcl

okdclc }jbcleflh tj~tzd}z ok icxcucl tj~ujnzt, ]jdnf~flh gzhc nj~z~zulkchc ok

icxcucl icgkcl djdnf~flh oczl tja zltzi okgzcb ij ujbz~za Ucnca, Ocbcd ujitf~

}j~iakodctcl }zbc" ~jutf~cl coc oknclhzlicl,

Gjlku Ijhkctcl jiflfdk Citkpktk

]j~tclkcl ]jlclcdcl _ja

]jbcleflhcl Jef$_fz~kud

Afdjutc{ ^zdca Ujxc

]j~lkchccl I~c`tclhcl

Djlgzcb ]~fozi _ja

]jdnf~flh

]j~iakodctcl ^jutf~cl


18/39

31

3=*

8=*

>=*

Ijdzocacl djdjlzak ij}j~bzcl

}jlhzlgzlh_koci Ujtzgz Iz~clh ujtzgz Ujtzgz Uclhct ujtzgz

Iz~clh

Nj~}zcuActk

3=*

Nj~}zcu Actk

1=*

UclhctNj~}zcu Actk

3=*

^ju}flojl nj~}zcu actk ojlhcl

ijdzocacl {clh okujokcicl

3=,> @citf~ {clh djlhhcbciicl ijhkctcl jiflfdk ok icxcucl Icgkcl

^cgca 3=,3 7 ^ju}fl ijdzocacl icxcucl icgkcl ij}coc }jlhzlgzlh

^cgca 3=,> 7 ^ju}fl Ijdzocacl icxcucl icgkcl ij}coc }jij~gc


19/39

3;

Gjlku Ijdzocacl

^zdca Ujxc& _zd}clhcl

_jbj`fl Cxcd

Gcbcl ^c{c

Ibklki

]zuct Kl`f~dcuk

^jutf~cl

Gcozcb 3=,> Gjlku ijdzocacl

@citf~ djlhhcbciicl citkpktk jiflfdkok icxcucl icgkcl

Clcbkuku

Ijdzocacl okujokcicl djdjlzak ij}j~bzcl

}jlhzlgzlh

]kbkacl ^ju}fl

Iz~clh ujtzgz 3=*

Ujtzgz 8=*

Uclhct ujtzgz >=*

]jij~gc nj~}zcu actk ojlhcl ijdzocacl {clh

okujokcicl

Iz~clh nj~}zcu actk 3=*

Nj~}zcu actk 1=*

Uclhct nj~}zcu actk 3=*

Gcozcb 3=,5 @citf~ hcbcicl citkpktk jiflfdk


20/39

>=

Gjlku _c~kicl Ujncn Ijoctclhcl

Hjfh~c`k ocl kibkd Njltzi dzic nzdk ujuzck zltzi citkpktk

bcuci

Uzaz icxcucl {clh ujgzi

Ijhkctcl ]j~tclkcl Djdnzct }jl{jbkokicl

Djd}jbcgc~k tjilki djlclcd tja

]j~iakodctcl ocl

ijdzocacl

Ncl{ci ijdzocacl okujokcicl 7

afdjutc{" bfohj" }jdcloz }jbcleflh obb

Bc{clcl {clh ncki oc~k}coc }jij~gc

bcoclh

^jutf~cl zlki

Bckl$bckl Kibcl !Ijd}jl Eztk$eztk Dcbc{ukc+

]jdnj~kcl }~fozi ujec~c }j~ezdc

]jdnj~kcl okuiczl tj~acoc} }~fozi tja

_c}ci ujgc~ca !Djdf~kcb Ojcta Dc~ea+

Utctzu bcoclh tja !Bcoclh tja f~hclki

ijozc tj~ncki ok ozlkc+

Gcozcb 3=,? Ujncn ijoctclhcl }jbcleflh

Gjlku$gjlku ijdzocacl {clh okujokcicl ok icxcucl icgkcl kcbca uj}j~tk ~zdca ujxc"

tjbj`fl cxcd" gcbcl ~c{c" ibklki" }zuct kl`f~dcuk ocl ~jutf~cl, Ojlhcl ijdzocacl$

ijdzocacl klk" }c~c }jbcleflh ocl }jij~gc ~ctc$~ctc nj~}zcu actk ojlhcl ijdzocacl

{clh okujokcicl, !^zgzi ~cgca 3=,3 ocl ~cgca 3=,>+, Cltc~c }jlc~ki {clh djlc~ki

ijoctclhcl }jbcleflh ok icxcucl klk kcbca njltzi dzic nzdkl{c ujuzck zltzi citkpktk

bcuci ocl kibkdl{c {clh ujgzi djlc~ki }jbcleflh oc~k icxcucl nj~uzaz ~jloca,

]j~tclkcl {clh okgcbclicl djlc~ki dklct }jlhicgk zltzi djlgcbclicl }jl{jbkokicl ok

icxcucl ktz ocl djd}jbcgc~k tjilki djlclcd tja, Ncl{ci }j~iakodctcl {clh

okujokcicl ujnchck ijdzocacl zltzi ujitf~ }jbcleflhcl !~zgzi gcozcb 3=,>+, _c~kicl

bckl kcbca }~fdfuk {clh okbcizicl fbja }jlhzucac bcoclh" `citf~ ujgc~ca ocl utctzu

bcoclh tja {clh okclzhj~caicl ujnchck bcoclh tja f~hclki ijozc tj~ncki ok ozlkc,


21/39

>3

3=,5 Aznzlhickt ijhkctcl jiflfdk ojlhcl citkpktk }jbcleflhcl

Aznzlhickt Nztk~cl

]jbcleflhcl djdncxc ijzltzlhcl Ocbcd :===$3==== ~knz }jlhzlgzlhoctclh nj~izlgzlh ij icxcucl icgkclocbcd ujnzbcl,

]jbcleflhcl djl{jokcicl }jbzclh}jij~gccl

]jbzclh }jij~gccl uj}j~tk }jlkchc"}jdcloz }jbcleflh" }jtclk" }jdnf~flh"}jlhzucac ~jutf~cl obb,

]jbcleflhcl djdnzic ~zclh zltzi citkpktkjif}jbcleflhcl {clh bckl

Ih Bzcltk okdcgzicl djlgcok }zuct}j~clhklcl ojlhcl }jdnziccl u}c kicl,

Gcozcb 3=,: 7 Ijnckicl citkpktk }jbcleflhcl

Citkpktk }jbcleflhcl ncl{ci djdncxc `cjoca ij}coc jiflfdk ljhc~c, Cltc~c

ijnckicl citkpktk }jbcleflhcl ok icxcucl icgkcl ij}coc jiflfdk kcbca }jlhzlgzlhl{c

{clh ~cdck djdncxc ijzltzlhcl {clh ncl{ci ij}coc }jlhzucac, Ujbckl oc~k}coc

ktz" }jbcleflhcl djlutcnkbicl jiflfdk }jlozozi tjd}ctcl ojlhcl djdnj~k }jbzclh

}jij~gccl, ]jbcleflhcl gzhc djdnzic ~zclh zltzi citkpktk }jbcleflhcl ok icxcucl

bckl uj}j~tk Ih, Bzcltk,


22/39

>>

3=,? Ijucl ijhkctcl }jlclcdcl tja tj~acoc} cbcd ujiktc~ ocl dclzukc ok

icxcucl Bcoclh _ja Ucnca,

Gcozcb 3=,0 Ijucl ijhkctcl jiflfdk

]jdnclhzlcl jiflfdk ok icxcucl icgkcl djdncxc ijucl ljhctk` ocl }fuktk`, Ocbcd

cu}ji cbcd ujiktc~" Ijucl ljhctk` {clh oc}ct okbkact kcbca acikucl tclca nj~bciz ok

njnj~c}c icxcucl, Ujbckl oc~k}coc ktz" icxcucl {clh hj~uclh ok njnj~c}c icxcucl

djlzlgziicl izcbktk tjbca djlz~zl, Ujbckl oc~k}coc ktz" cbk~cl tclca tkoci djd}zl{ck

bz~ca, Ocbcd cu}ji dclzukc" ijucl }fuktk` kcbca }jbzclh }jij~gccl okujokcicl ij}coc

}jlozozi tjd}ctcl, Ujbckl oc~k}coc ktz" }jlozozi tjd}ctcl djd}zl{ck djokzd

zltzi djlgzcb acukb i~c` tclhcl dj~jic zltzi dj~cka ijzltzlhcl, ]jlozozi tjd}ctcl

gzhc oc}ct djdcgzicl icxcucl }j~ujiktc~cl, Lcdzl" ijucl ljhctk`l{c kcbca

}jlozozii tj~}ciuc nj~ucklh ojlhcl nz~za cuklh zltzi djloc}cticl }jbzclh

}jij~gccl,

Gjlku Ijucl Ijucl

]fuktk` Ljhctk`

Cbcd Ujiktc~ Acikucl tclca,

Izcbktk tclca djlz~zl,

Cbk~cl tclca tkoci dcd}zl{ck

bz~ca,

Dclzukc Djdnzic }jbzclh

}jij~gccl,

]j~ucklhcl ij}coc }jlozozi

tjd}ctcl ocbcd ujitf~

}jij~gccl,

Djdnj~k klkukctk` ij}coc

}jlozozi zltzi djlgzcb

acukb tjd}ctcl,

Djdcgzicl icxcucl

}j~ujiktc~cl,


23/39

>5

3=,: Bclhica nchk djlhctcuk dcucbca cbcd ujiktc~ ok icxcucl Bcoclh _ja

Ucnca,

Fbja ij~clc ijhkctcl jiflfdk {clh okgcbclicl ok icxcucl icgkcl tz~zt

djdnj~kicl ijucl ljhctk` ij}coc cbcd ujiktc~ tj~oc}ct njnj~c}c bclhcica

{clh tjbca okcdnkb fbja }kaci }jlhz~zucl bcoclh zltzi djlhctcuk dcucbca

tj~ujnzt kcktz7

Nkb, Dcucbca Bclhica Djlhctcuk

=3, Acikucl _clca Djlclcd tzdnzacl bktz} nzdk

=>, Izcbktk tclca djlz~zl _koci djlhhzlcicl ncgc ocl ~cezl

uj~clhhc oc~k ncacl ikdkc,Djlhhzlcicl ncgc ifd}fu,

=5, Uj~clhcl uj~clhhc }j~fuci Djlhjicbicl icxcucl aztcl

Djlclcd ~zd}zt hcgca

Gcozcb 3=,8 Bclhica djlhctcuk }jlejdc~cl cbcd ujiktc~

]kaci }jdcgz tjbca djlhcdnkb njnj~c}c klkukctk` zltzi djlhcxcb }jlejdc~cl {clh

nj~bciz ok icxcucl icgkcl, Cltc~cl{c kcbca djlclcd tzdnzacl bktz} nzdk ok bj~jlh$

bj~jlh nzikt, Ujbckl oc~k}coc ktz" zltzi djlhjbciicl izcbktk tclca dj~fuft" ncgc ifd}fu

okhzlcicl ujnchck }jlhhcltk ncgc ikdkc, Zltzi djlhjbciicl }jlejdc~cl tclca ocl

uzlhck" }kaci }jdcgz djlhhzlcicl icxcbcl nkfbfhk zltzi djlhhcltkicl ~cezl

}j~fuci, Ujbckl oc~k}coc ktz" icxcucl aztcl ok ujijbkbklh icxcucl icgkcl ok}jbkac~c

zltzi okgcokicl }jbklozlh ij}coc tclcdcl tja,


24/39

>?

33,= ]j~nkleclhcl ocl ecoclhcl

33,3 ]j~nkleclhcl

33,3,3 Djlhjlcb}cutk gjlku tclcdcl ok icxcucl icgkcl,

Icxcucl icgkcl acl{c djlclcd tja ujec~c ifdj~ukb, _kcoc tclcdcl ucd}klhcl {clh

oktclcd ok icxcucl icgkcl, Lcdzl tj~oc}ct aztcl$aztcl ujdzbc gcok {clh okgcokicl

}jbklozlh ij}coc tclcdcl tja, _j~oc}ct gzhc njnj~c}c tzdnzacl ujdzbc gcok {clh

djlgcok tc~kicl }jbcleflh, _zdnzacl$tzdnzacl jiuftki uj}j~tk ~c``bjukc ocl }j~kzi

ij~c okictcicl coc tzdnza ok icxcucl bcoclh tja, _zdnzacl$tzdnzacl tkoci

okhclhhz ocl okbklozlh zltzi tzgzcl jif}jbcleflhcl,

Uctz bchk tclcdcl {clh okgcokicl ujnchck }jlhcxcb uj~clhhc }j~fuci kcbca ^zd}zt

Hcgca, ^zd}zt hcgca tkoci tzdnza ujec~c ujdzbc gcok ok icxcucl icgkcl tjtc}k kcl{c

okncxc ij icxcucl bcoclh tja zltzi oktclcd chc~ uj~clhhc cicl ejloj~zlh zltzi

djl{j~clh ~zd}zt hcgca klk oc~k}coc tclcdcl tja,

^cgca 33,3 Oczl _ja


25/39

>:

33,3,> @citf~$`citf~ {clh djlhhcbciicl citkpktk jiflfdk ok icxcucl

icgkcl

c, ]j~tclkcl

_j~oc}ct ozc gjlku citkpktk jiflfdk {clh okgcbclicl ok icxcucl icgkcl kcktz citkpktk

}j~tclkcl ocl }jbcleflhcl, Cltc~c `citf~ }jlc~ki {clh djlgcokicl icxcucl icgkcl

okgcokicl icxcucl }j~tclkcl kcbca ij~clc ek~k$ek~k icxcucl tj~ujnzt {clh ujuzck ojlhcl

}jlclcdcl tzdnzacl nj~kibkd ujoj~aclc, Ok icxcucl tclca tklhhk" uj}j~tk Ecdj~fl

Akhabclo ocl izlocuclh" uzaz {clh ~jloca ik~c$ik~c 31E d~jlhhcbciicl }jlclcdcl

tja" uc{z~$uc{z~cl ocl nzlhc$nzlhccl acxc ujoj~aclc, !I,E, [fjlh" Oc~dkloc~

Uklha" >==8+

Zltzi }jlclcdcl tja {clh nj~ijucl" gjlku tclca tklhhk cocbca ujuzck ojlhcl ]a

nj~cuko ocbcd bklhizlhcl ?,: aklhhc :,:, _clca {clh ejtji ocl }coct djlhacoicl

}j~tzdnzacl cic~, _clca {clh ejtji ocl dcd}ct gzhc cicl djlhcbcdk ijij~klhcl

ijtkic ijdc~cz ocl nclgk~ }coc dzukd azgcl, Fbja ktz" tclca {clh ujuzck tkoci

uj}ctztl{c djlhclozlhk nctzcl ij~cu uj}clgclh > djtj~ ijocbcdcl, Gc~ci }fifi tja

ocl cbk~cl ck~ ncxca tclca tkoci ac~zu iz~clh oc~k ;= ed ocl }j~cleclhcl tcocacl

cocbca ok}j~bzicl zltzi tclca {clh bjnka ncki ocl cdcbcl }jlhz~zucl ck~ ok ocbcd

bcoclh tja zltzi ziz~ tclca {clh ok~jic zltzi djlhjlcb }cutk ujdzc ek~k$ek~k tf}fh~c`k

dcgf~ ocl dklf~ }j~bz okgcbclicl, !_jc ^jujc~ea Cuufekctkfl7Ebkdctj clo ufkb+, Ujbckl

oc~k}coc ktz" }jlclcdcl tja klk cocbca nj~njltzi f~hclki, Fbja ktz" icxcucl icgkcl

dj~z}cicl icxcucl {clh njncu oc~k}coc }jlejdc~cl {clh tj~zi, Izcbktk zoc~cl{c

dcuka ujuzck zltzi }jlclcdcl tja f~hclki, Aztcl$aztcl {clh ujokc coc ok ujijbkbklh

bcoclh tja cocbca dj~z}cicl }jbklozlh ujdzbc gcok ij}coc tja$tja oc~k}coc

djlj~kdc ncacl$ncacl ikdkc oc~k zoc~c,

n, ]jbcleflhcl

@citf~ {clh djlgcokicl tc~kicl }jbcleflh ok icxcucl tj~ujnzt kcbca ij~clc icxcucl

aztcll{c {clh djdnfbjaicl }jlhzucac zltzi djbciuclcicl citkpktk$citkpktk bcuci,

Icxcucl icgkcl klk djl{jokcicl citkpktk uzicl bcuci uj}j~tk Gzlhbj t~ceiklh" nj~ncukicb

ocl }j~tcloklhcl dj~jltcu ojuc, Ujbckl oc~k}coc ktz gzhc" icxcucl icgkcl dj~z}cicl


26/39

>0

icxcucl icgkcl {clh ujbcbz djlgcok tzzd}zcl }jlhicgk ujbz~za ljhc~c,

Djdcloclhicl tzdnzacl$tzdncacll{c {clh }jbnchck ocl gzhc }jlhz~zucl bcoclh

tja f~hclki klk djlgcok tc~kicl }jlhicgk zltzi octclh zltzi djdnzct ofizdjltcuk

icgkcl,

]j~dcloclhcl {clh ecltki gzhc cltc~c `citf~ nchk }jbcleflh {clh djlhhjdc~icl

ijklocacl cbcd ujdzbc gcok, Icxcucl icgkcl {clh nj~nzikt" nj~aztcl" ocl uzazl{c

~jloca oc~k}coc icxcucl tclca ~jloca djlgcok `citf~ tc~kicl ij}coc }jbcleflh {clh

hjdc~icl ijklocacl cbcd ujdzbc gcok ucdcoc oc~k}coc ocbcd ctcz}zl ocbcd ljhc~c,

@citf~ ujgc~ca ok icxcucl tj~ujnzt gzhc djl{zdnclh ij}coc tc~kicl }jbcleflh ok

icxcucl bcoclh tja, Icxcucl tj~ujnzt dj~z}cicl cltc~c icxcucl bcbzcl ojcta dc~ea

ctcz}zl icxco dczt fbja tjltj~c Czut~cbkc ocl f~clh tjd}ctcl, Djdf~kcb zltzi

dj~jic {clh tj~if~ncl coc okujokcicl zltzi djd}j~klhctk ujgc~ca }cakt ktz, Cabk

ijbzc~hc oc~k}coc tjltj~c$tjltj~c Czut~cbkc djlhcocicl cec~c tcazlcl zltzi

djd}j~klhctk ijgcokcl ktz, Gzhc" }jbcleflh gzhc nj~dklct zltzi djloc}cticl

}jlej~ktccl ujgc~ca oc~k icxcucl icgkcl,

]jlozozi tjd}ctcl gzhc djlhcdnkb klkukctk` zltzi djloc}cticl ij~gcucdc oc~k}coc

chjluk }jbcleflhcl zltzi

djd}~fdfukicl icxcucl klk

ujnchck cltc~c bficuk }kbkacl

}jbcleflhcl ok Ucnca,

Ij~gcucdc klk gzhc djxzgzoicl

ncl{ci ijdzocacl oknklc ok

icxcucl icgkcl uj}j~tk

}jlhklc}cl" }jdcloz

}jbcleflh" }jlhclhiztcl oclncl{ci bchk,

_j~oc}ct ujhjbkltk~ }jbcleflh

{clh octclh ij icxcucl icgkcl

ujdctc$dctc zltzi dj~cuc akoclhcl ok ~jutf~cl {clh coc ok icxcucl icgkcl,

^cgca 33,> 7 ^zdca tzd}clhcl


27/39

>8

Akoclhcll{c djlhhzlcicl oczl tja ujnchck }j~cuc ij}coc dcucicll{c {clh

djlgcok tc~kicl }jbcleflh, Dklzdcl tja {clh okakoclhicl ocbcd }jbnchck }j~cuc ocl

ij}jbnchckcl gzhc djlgcok tc~kicl nchk }jlhhjdc~ tja,

Ncl{ci ijdzocacl {clh tjbca okujokcicl nchk djdjlzak ij}j~bzcl }jlhzlgzlh,

Djbcbzk ufcb ujbkoki" cltc~c ijdzocacl {clh okujokcicl kcbca ~zdca tzd}clhcl"

tjbj`fl cxcd" gcbcl ~c{c" ibklki" }zuct kl`f~dcuk ocl ~jutf~cl, ^ju}flojl ~ctc$~ctc

nj~ujtzgz ncacxc ijdzocacl ok icxcucl icgkcl cocbca djdjlzak ij}j~bzcl

}jbcleflh ocl }jij~gc, ^ctc$~ctc ~ju}flojl gzhc nj~}zcu actk ojlhcl ijdzocacl

{clh okujokcicl lcdzl tj~oc}ct ujhjbkltk~ {clh iz~clh nj~}zcu actk, Klk djlzlgziicl

ijdzocacl$ijdzocacl {clh okujokcicl cdctbca djdncltz ocbcd djlc~ki dklct

}jbcleflh zltzi djlhzlgzlh ij icxcucl icgkcl,

33,3,5 Aznzlhickt ijhkctcl jiflfdk ojlhcl citkpktk }jbcleflhcl

Citkpktk }jbcleflhcl dj~z}cicl uctz ijhkctcl jiflfdk {clh cdct djlhzltzlhicl,

Ujec~c }z~ctc" bjnka iz~clh :=== 3==== }jbcleflh {clh octclh ij icxcucl icgkcl

ujtkc} nzbcl,

Ujec~c icuc~l{c" }jbcleflh Czut~cbkc dj~z}cicl }jbcleflh {clh }cbklh ij~c}

nj~izlgzlh ij icxcucl icgkcl, Okkiztk ojlhcl }jbcleflh oc~k ljx wjcbclo, Fbja ktz"

ijhkctcl jiflfdk cocbca cdct djlhzltzlhicl ocl ncl{ci djdncltz jiflfdk

tjd}ctcl, Ok icxcucl icgkcl" ijzltzlhcl oc~k}coc ujitf~ }jbcleflhcl cocbca bjnka

djlhzltzlhicl gkic okncloklhicl ojlhcl ujitf~ }j~tclkcl,

Bcoclh _ja Ucnca dj~z}cicl icxcucl {clh uzlhhza tj~ijlcb ok icbclhcl }jbcleflh,

Fbja ktz" tj~oc}ct citkpktk }jbcleflhcl {clh nj~tzdnza ok ujiktc~ icxcucl icgkcl,

]jbcleflh cocbca ejloj~zlh zltzi djbcxct icxcucl }jbcleflh {clh ojict ojlhcl

icxcucl bcoclh tja, Efltfal{c" }jdnziccl U}c Kicl ok ih Bzcltk cocbca ok}jlhc~zakfbja }jdnziccl bcoclh tja


28/39

>1

^ju}flojl djdnj~k ~ju}fl ocbcd ufcb ujbkoki ncacxc cltc~c ujncn }jbcleflh octclh

ij icxcucl bcoclh tja kcbca ij~clc uzazl{c {clh nj~acxc ujgzi" tclcdcl {clh

okzucacicl cocbca djlc~ki" zltzi djlhicgk ocl djd}jbcgc~k ec~c }jlclcdcl tja ocl

ij~clc }jdcloclhcl {clh ecltki ocl ijdzocacl {clh okujokcicl,

Cltc~c gjlku$gjlku }jij~gccl ucd}klhcl {clh xzgzo ujbj}cu }jdnziccl bcoclh tja

kcbca }jlkchc" }jdcloz }jbcleflh" }jtclk" }jdnf~flh ocl }jlhzucac ~jutf~cl, Fbja

ktz" ncl{ci bchk ujitf~ bckl {clh xzgzo ciknct oc~k}coc }jdnziccl bcoclh tja klk, Kcl{c

eziz} djlhzltzlhicl ujicbkhzu djdncltz }j~ijdnclhcl jiflfdk dcu{c~cict

ujtjd}ct,

Ij~clc lkbck ifdj~ukb bcoclh tja klk tklhhk" fbja ktz tj~oc}ct njnj~c}c zucac }jlhzucac

zltzi djd}~fdfukicl icxcucl klk ujnchck icxcucl }jbcleflhcl, Cltc~cl{c djdnj~k

}~fozi ujec~c }j~ezdc ij}coc }jlhzlgzlh" djdnj~k okuiczl }~fozi ocl gzhc

}j~iakodctcl ok icxcucl icgkcl" }jlhkibclcl ocl gzhc djl{jokcicl ijdzocacl

cxcd, Fbja ktz" ijujd}ctcl$ijujd}ctcl bckl okcdnkb zltzi djlhjdnclhicl bchk

}ftjluk jif}jbcleflhcl ok icxcucl icgkcl,


29/39

>;

33,3,? Ijucl ijhkctcl jiflfdk tj~acoc} cbcd ujiktc~ `kwkicb ocl dclzukc,

c, @kwkicb

]jdnziccl bcoclh tja ucnca klk ujnchck icxcucl ch~kizbtz~ djdncxc ij}coc

njnj~c}c ijucl, Cltc~cl{c kcbca acikucl tclca {clh nj~bciz ok ujiktc~ bj~jlh$bj~jlh

nzikt, Acikucl cocbca nj~}zlec oc~k}coc }jljnclhcl }fifi ujec~c njuc~$njuc~cl, Klk

djl{jncnicl cbk~cl ck~ djlhaciku }j~dziccl tclca, _clca djlgcok bjdnzt ijtkic

azgcl ocl ejlhicdcl tclca gzhc tkoci iziza ij~clc tkoci coc cic~$cic~ }fifi {clh

njuc~ {clh djlcacl, Klk cicl djl{jncnicl hjbflhuf~ tclca ocl gzhc tclca ~zltza,

^cgca 33,5 7 Acikucl tclca

Ujbckl oc~k}coc ktz" izcbktk tclca gzhc ujdcikl nj~iz~clhcl, _j~oc}ct njnj~c}c

icxcucl bcoclh {clh hj~uclh ocl tkoci nj~tzdnzacl, Klk ij~clc }jlclcdcl tja

cocbca uzoca tkoci ujuzck ok tclca tj~ujnzt ij~clc lzt~kjl {clh tj~iclozlh ok ocbcd


30/39

5=

tclca nj~iz~clhcl ocl tclca nj~znca djlgcok ij~cu, Fbja ktz icxcucl tj~ujnzt

oknkc~icl ocl }~fuju acikucl nj~bciz ojlhcl bjnka ij~c},

Lcdzl" ncl{ci zucac gzhc {clh okcdnkb zltzi djlhjicbicl cbcd ujdzbc gcok ok

icxcucl klk, Efltfal{c gcbcl ~c{c {clh okujokcicl cocbca tkoci nj~tz~c} ij~clc klhkl

djlhjbci oc~k}coc icxcucl icgkcl tj~ejdc~, Ujbckl oc~k ktz" ~cezl uj~clhhc tkoci

okhzlcicl zltzi djlhjicbicl ek~k$ek~k cbcd ujdzbc gcok ok icxcucl ktz, ]jlejdc~cl ck~

tkoci nj~bciz ok icxcucl tj~ujnzt, Aztcl okujijbkbklh tclcdcl tja gzhc ok}jbkac~c zltzi

okgcokicl ujnchck }jbklozlh ij}coc tja ocl gzhc citkpktk }jbcleflhcl,

Ijej~zlcl tkoci djdnj~k kd}ci ij}coc }jlclcdcl tja, Acl{c ijtklhhkcl ok icxcucl

nj~nzikt djdnj~k uzaz {clh ujuzck ij}coc }jlclcdcl tja, Zloclh$zloclh tjbca

djljtc}icl ijej~zlcl nzikt }j~tclkcl cocbca iz~clh oc~k}coc 5=, Fbja ktz"

ijej~zlcl nzikt ok icxcucl icgkcl cocbca ujbcdct zltzi }jlclcdcl tja,

n, Dclzukc

]jdnziccl bcoclh tja gzhc djdnj~k dcl`cct ij}coc ~cdck }jlozozi tjd}ctcl,

]jbzclh }jij~gccl {clh okujokcicl cocbca eziz} bzdc{cl ij~clc dj~jic

djdjltklhicl izcbktk ij~gc nzicll{c tcac} }jlokokicl, Klk cocbca ujuzck ij}coc

dcu{c~cict icd}zlh {clh nj~}jlokokicl ~jloca lcdzl dcuka djloc}ct }zbclhcl

hcgk {clh bzdc{cl,

]j~tclkcl ocl }j~bcleflhcl ncl{ci djdncxc ijzltzlhcl ij}coc dcu{c~cict, Bjnka$

bjnka bchk c}cnkbc bjnka ncl{ci }jlhzlgzlh oc~k}coc bzc~ ljhc~c {clh djdncxc dcuzi

dctcxclh dj~jic ij ljhc~c klk, Izcbktk tja ok icxcucl icgkcl gzhc djlgcok uclhct

ifdj~ukb ocl djlhzltzlhicl ij}coc }jlhzucac zltzi gclhic dcuc {clh }clgclh,

]jlozozi ok icxcucl klk gzhc oc}ct djloc}ct }jij~gccl ucd}klhcl ojlhcl

djxzgzoicl }j~lkchccl ocl }j~iakodctcl ucd}klhcl uj}j~tk Ih, Bzcltk {clh

djl{jokcicl u}c kicl" }jlgzcbcl i~c`$i~c` tclhcl oc~k}coc }jlozozi tjd}ctcl ocl

gzhc ~jutf~cl {clh djlgcok tc~kicl zdzd ok icxcucl icgkcl,


31/39

53

Lcdzl" }jbzclh }jij~gccl {clh oktcxc~icl ok ujitf~ }j~tclkcl djdnj~k ujokikt ijucl

ljhctk` ij}coc }jlozozi tjd}ctcl, Klk ij~clc izftc }jij~gccl zltzi }jij~gc cuklh

oc~k}coc klofljukc oknj~k ujncd{ci ?= * dclcicbc ujbjnkal{c zltzi }jlozozi

tjd}ctcl, Gzdbca klk acd}k~ djl{cdcicl gzdbca }jij~gc }jlozozi tjd}ctcl,

Dcu{c~cict ujtjd}ct {clh nj~ijdcak~cl tkoci oknj~k }jbzclh ocl dcucbca

}jlhclhhz~cl dcuka nj~bciz

33,3,: Djlhjlcb}cutk bclhica djlhctcuk dcucbca cbcd ujiktc~ ocl

dclzukc

]jlejdc~cl

Icxcucl icgkcl klk ncl{ci djlhcbcdk }j~zncacl ujgci ujnjbzd kcl{c oknclhzlicl

djlgcok uctz icxcucl ijhkctcl jiflfdk, Lcdzl }j~zncacl {clh okncxc gzhc

djdnj~k kd}ci ij}coc cbcd ujiktc~ {clh }cbklh ijtc~c ujicbk kcbca dcucbca acikucl

ocl }jlhz~zucl tclca {clh tkoci j`ku{jl, Gkic klk tkoci oknjlozlh ojlhcl ujhj~c"

ncl{ci bchk dcucbca$dcucbca bckl {clh cicl dzlezb efltfal{c ujec~c `kwkicbl{c"

tj~gcokl{c tclca ~zltza" }f}zbcuk akoz}cl cizctki nj~iz~clhcl" ocl uzlhck djlgcok

ujdcikl ejtji ij~clc djloc}cl tclca {clh dcuzi ij ocbcd uzlhck, Ijucl acikucl

ij}coc dclzukc }zbc okdclc njicbcl ck~ nj~uka tj~gjgcu ij~clc okiftf~k ck~" citkpktk

~ji~jcuk ocl }jbcleflhcl cicl tj~hclhhz gkic dcucbca djlgcok ujdcikl uj~kzu,

]jdnclhzlcl bjutc~k cocbca }jltklh ok j~c klk ij~clc dclzukc bjic ojlhcl kuz$kuz

cbcd ujiktc~, _j~oc}ct njnj~c}c }jl{jbjuckcl {clh dzlhikl nfbja okgcokicl

}jl{jbjuckcl ij}coc dcucbca klk,

Ij~gc$ij~gc djdnclhzlicl tclca nj~ej~zl zltzi }j~tclkcl nfbja okncachkicl ij}coc

tkhc }j~klhict, ]j~klhict }j~tcdc kcbca djlhjlck }jdnziccl icxcucl" }j~klhict

ijozc kcbca djlhjlck }jdnklccl ut~zitz~ }jdzbkac~ccl tclca ocl {clh ijtkhc kcbca

djlhjlck cdcbcl ch~flfdk {clh ujuzck zltzi djlhcxcb acikucl,


32/39

5>

c, ]jdnziccl Icxcucl

Ij~gc$ij~gc }jdnziccl tclca djbkncticl ij~gc djljnclh }fifi" djdftflh ic{z"

djlecnzt tzlhhzb" djbflhhfi ic{z" djdncic~ ic{z ocl djdnj~ukaicl icxcucl,

Ujdcuc djlgcbclicl citkpktk klk njnj~c}c }j~ctz~cl ok ncxca ajlocibca ok}ctza7

3, Nchk icxcucl {clh bzcu" ij~gc }jdnziccl tclca ajlocibca okgcozcbicl

nj~}j~klhict$}j~klhict nchk djlhjbciicl }jlojocacl tclca tj~bcbz bcdc

ij}coc }~fuju acikucl,

>, ]jdnziccl tclca bjnka ujuzck okbcizicl }coc dzukd ij~klh,

5, ]jdncic~cl ukuc ic{z acl{c okbcizicl c}cnkbc }j~bz ucacgc, Ukuc ic{z {clh

okbflhhfi ctcz oknc~ku djdncltz djlcacl acikucl,

?, ]fifi$}fifi cucb ok tj}k uzlhck ajlocibca oknkc~icl nchk djlcacl tjnklh

oc~k}coc tj~aciku,

:, Gkic }jlclcdcl tja tkoci djdj~bzicl tzlhhzb ic{z zltzi okecnzt" nkc~icl

tzlhhzb ic{z djlejlhicd tclca zltzi iz~clhicl acikucl tclca,

n, Djdnklc Ut~zitz~ ]jdzbkac~ccl _clca

Ut~zitz~$ut~zitz~ }jdzbkac~ccl tclca nfbja djlhcxcb acikucl ojlhcl nj~ijucl,

Ukutjd }j~}c~ktcl ocl ut~zitz~ {clh oknklc oc}ct djl{cbk~icl ck~ ojlhcl ujbcdct,

Ijncl{cicl ut~zitz~ oknklc ojlhcl djlhhcbk tclca ocl djlhhzlcicl ncacl cubk {clh

dzoca okoc}ctk uj}j~tk tclca" nctz ocl ic{z, Ut~zitz~$ut~zitz~ {clh okujlc~ckicl ok

ncxca cocbca ujuzck oknklc ocbcd bcoclh$bcoclh }j~tclkcl,

3, ]c~kt ocl bcbzcl ck~ nchk djl{cbk~ ck~ azgcl {clh nj~bjnkacl, Okloklh }c~kt

ajlocibca oktclcd ojlhcl ~zd}zt,

>, ]j~clhic} ijbfoci,

5, ]jltcu zltzi tc}ci }fifi ctcz tclcdcl,

?, _j~ju$tj~ju nchk djl{jict bc~kcl ck~,

:, Jd}clhcl ijekb nchk djlcd}cl aco bcgz ck~ }c~kt,

0, ]jdnjltzlhcl ok ncxca gcbcl,


33/39

55

Ijucl ij}coc dclzukc

]jbzclh }jij~gccl {clh okujokcicl djdnj~k ijbjnkacl ij}coc }jij~gc cuklh oc~k}coc

klofljukc, Klk ij~clc tjlchc nz~za ok Klofljukc cocbca nj~izcbktk ocl tj~bctka,

Djdcloclhicl }jlhzucac bcoclh tja bjnka djdjltklhicl izcbktk ij~gc" fbja ktz"

cocbca bjnka ncki gkic ujnzca iz~uzu oktznzaicl zltzi djdnj~k bctkacl klujltk` ij}coc

}jlhclhhz~$}jlhclhhz~ tjd}ctcl, Ojlhcl bctkacl ocl iz~uzu klk cicl djlcdnca

nkbclhcl }jij~gc tjd}ctcl {clh nj~ijdcak~cl ocl ujnckil{c djlhajltkicl

}jlhcdnkbcl tjlchc nz~za oc~k ljhc~c gk~cl,

]jlhzucac ocl }kaci ij~cgccl gzhc nfbja djlhjdnclhicl bchk citkpktk jiflfdk ok

icxcucl bcoclh tja uj}j~tk }j~lkchccl ocl }j~iakodctcl ok icxcucl {clh

nj~acd}k~cl, Klk uj~tc dj~tc djlcdnca }jbzclh }jij~gccl ij}coc }jlozozi

tjd}ctcl,

33,> Ecoclhcl

Icgkcl klk dcuka njbzd eziz} ujd}z~lc zltzi djlgcxcn fngjitk`$fngjitk` {clh

okztc~cicl ojlhcl bjnka tj~}j~klek, Klk ij~clc ncl{ci acbclhcl$acbclhcl {clh oktkd}c

ujdcuc icgkcl klk okgcbclicl, Efltfal{c" ocbcd }jdj~actkcl icdk dcuka tkoci

djleciz}k icxcucl ijujbz~zacl bcoclh tj~ujnzt, Ujbckl oc~k}coc ktz" nf~ch ufcb

ujbkoki gzhc tkoci okgcxc} uj}jlzal{c ocl acl{c ujncachkcl {clh okhzlcicl ocbcd

bc}f~cl icgkcl klk ij~clc ncl{ci nf~clh {clh ~fuci, Ocbcd tjdznzcb }zbc" ~ju}flojl

tkoci djlej~ktcicl uj}jlzal{c djlhjlck icxcucl icgkcl ij~clc tj~oc}ct uk`ct nj~ct

ujnjbca,

Fbja ktz" nchk djloc}cticl acukb {clh bjnka ncki ocl bjlhic} }coc dcuc acoc}cl"

}jl{jbkoki ac~zubca djl{jokcicl fngjitk` icgkcl {clh djdjlzak ij}j~bzcl ujdcuc

zltzi djd}j~nckik icgkcl klk, nj~kizt cocbca ecoclhcl tcgzi {clh klhkl okztc~ciclij}coc }jl{jbkoki7

3, ijucl }j~tclkcl ij}coc cbcd ujiktc~ ocl dclzukc,

>, ]jlhc~za citkpktk }jbcleflhcl tj~acoc}c} cbcd ujiktc~ ocl dclzukc

5, ]jlhc~za dclzukc ocl njltzi dzic nzdk tj~acoc} ijhkctcl jiflfdk,


34/39

5?

3>,= Ijukd}zbcl

Icxcucl Bcoclh _ja Ucnca djd}zl{ck }ftjluk zltzi okijdnclhicl djlgcok ujnzca

}j~zucaccl jiflfdk {clh djdnj~k dcl`cct ij}coc dclzukc, Citkpktk }j~tclkcl cocbca

uclhct ujuzck ok kibkd ujoj~aclc ocl ok icxcucl {clh tklhhk, Lcdzl }ftjlukl{c

oknctcuicl zltzi djl`fizuicl ij}coc }jlclcdcl tja ucacgc, Icxcucl tj~ujnzt

djd}zl{ck }ftjluk zltzi }jlclcdcl uc{z~cl ocl gzhc nzlhc$nzlhccl zltzi tzgzcl

ifdj~ukb,

Icbcz okbkact ujec~c icuc~" citkpktk }jbcleflhcl djdncxc bjnka ncl{c ijzltzlhcl

oc~k}coc }j~tclkcl, Klk okujncnicl tc~kicl$tc~kicl {clh ujokc coc ok icxcucl tj~ujnzt

djlc~ki dklct }jbcleflh tjd}ctcl ocl gzhc bzc~ ljhc~c, _koci ack~clbca

}jdnclhzlcl jif}jbcleflhcl ok icxcucl icgkcl cocbca ncki ncl{ci ijdzocacl

ncl{ci okujokcicl, @citf~ ujgc~ca ok icxcucl ktz gzhc djlc~ki }jlhzlgzlh zltzi

djlhkdncz ijlclhcl }cakt tjltj~c czut~cbkc ocl f~clh tjd}ctcl {clh tj~if~ncl ocbcd

ojcta dc~ea ujdcuc }jdj~kltcacl Gj}zl, Fbja ktz" ncl{ci ek~k$ek~k icxcucl klk {clh

nj~}ftjluk zltzi okijdnclhicl bchk,

]j~tclkcl cocbca ujuzctz {clh djlhzltzlhicl, Njhktz gzhc ojlhcl citkpktk

}jbcleflhcl, Ncl{ci }jbzclh }jij~gccl ucd}klhcl {clh dzlezb ujbj}cu ijdzlezbcl

citkpktk }j~tclkcl, Citkpktk }jbcleflhcl gzhc oknclhzlicl ujbj}cu citkpktk }j~tclkcl

nj~ijdnclh dcgz, Fbja ktzd }j~tclkcl djxzgzoicl }jbzclh$}jbzclh ij}coc ujitf~

jiflfdk {clh bckl zltzi nj~tc}ci ok icxcucl icgkcl, Citkpktk }jbcleflhcl gzhc ncl{ci

djdncxc ijzltzlhcl ij}coc }jlhzucac$}jlhzucac }jbcleflh {clh bckl uj}j~tk `fft

u}c ok Ih, Bzcltk, ^jutf~cl {clh tj~oc}ct ok icxcucl icgkcl gzhc djlhczt ijzltzlhcl

{clh ncl{ci bjnka$bjnka ~ctc$~ctc :=== 3==== }jlhzlgzlh {clh octclh ij Bcoclh

_ja Ucnca, I~c` tclhcl oc~k}coc }jlozozi tjd}ctcl gzhc oknzic }jbzclh zltzi

okifdj~ukbicl ok icxcucl Bcoclh _ja Ucnca,

Ncl{ci dcucbca {clh tkdnzb ciknct oc~k}coc }jdnclhzlcl ujujnzca icxcucl, Ijucl

{clh oktklhhcbicl cocbca nj~njltzi }fuktk` ocl ljhctk`, Lcdzl gkic tkcoc }j~cleclhcl

ocl }jlhz~zucl cbcd ujiktc~ {clh ncki cicl djl{zdnclh ij c~ca ijucl nz~zi ij

ctcu cbcd ujiktc~ ocl gzhc ij}coc dclzukc, Fbja ktz }jdnclhzlcl bjutc~k cocbca cdct


35/39

5:

}jltklh zltzi oktktkinj~cticl bjnka$bjnka bchk c}cnkbc icxcucl {clh oknclhzlicl cocbca

nj~uicbc njuc~, Ijucll{c nzicl ucacgc ij}coc cbcd `kwkicb tjtc}k gzhc ij}coc

dclzukc, Ijdcuzicl xc~hc cuklh nfbja djlgcokicl }fbc kltj~ciuk ok cltc~c }jlozozi

nj~znca, Fbja ktz" uctz icxcbcl }j~bz okgcbclicl zltzi djdcltcz xc~hc cuklh {clh

ikcl nj~tcdnca ok ljhc~c klk, ]jlhzucac gzhc tkoci nfbja djd}j~bjijaicl tjlchc

nz~za xc~hc tjd}ctcl, ]jlhzucac }j~bzbca djlhcdnkb klkukctk` zltzi djlhcdnkb

}jij~gc tjd}ctcl tkoci ncl{ci dcucbca {clh dzlezb ok icxcucl ujijbkbklh,

Ciak~ ujicbk" }kaci }jlhz~zucl ac~zubca djlec~k klkukctk` zltzi djlhjdnclhicl

}ftjluk bcoclh tja ucnca zltzi ijnckicl }jlozozi tjd}ctcl ocl gzhc ij}coc }kaci

tj~tjltz ij~clc ncl{ci ijzltzlhcl {clh nfbja okiczt gkic bjnka ncl{ci citkpktk {clh

okxzgzoicl ok icxcucl icgkcl, ]coc dcuc {clh ucdc }jlhzucac gzhc ac~zu ujluktk`

ojlhcl kuz cbcd ujiktc~, Uctz }j~cleclhcl ocl }jlhz~zucl {clh ncki ac~zubca okcdnkb

zltzi djdklkdc ijucl nz~zi ijhkctcl jiflfdk ij}coc cbcd ujiktc~,


36/39

50

^ZGZICL

^zgzicl Nziz ocl gz~lcb

Cw~klk Nkltk Dfao Ciak~" !>==8+, _cnz~cl Utctkutki ijtknccl ijloj~ccl ok }j~ukd}clhcl

nj~bcd}z ku{c~ct ocl ijucl }j~ukd}clhcl ok azbz, Zlkpj~uktk _jilfbfhk Dcbc{ukc, _juku,

Cbxk Kn~cakd" >=33, Utctkutki _j~iklk ]~fh~cd 0] ocl Dcibzdcl Ij~cgcccl Ljhj~k

Ucnca Djbclgzticl :] ok ? Icxcucl, ]f~tcb Ijdjltj~kcl ocbcd Ljhj~k,

Cw~kb" >==:, Djtfofbfhk Icgkcl, Zlkpj~uktk _jilfbfhk Dcbc{ukc, _juku,

Nffl ]flh [klh" >==;, Hjfh~c`k Dclzukc ocl cbcd ujiktc~, Uaca Cbcd" Fq`f~o,

Iclh Eack [fjlh" Oc~dkloc~ Uklha" !>==8+, Jiujb ocbcd ]D^ Hjfh~c`k, Nclhk 7

]jlj~nktcl ]jbclhk

Ijlh Uz Ujlh" !>==:+, Hjfh~c`k Cbcd Ujiktc~ Dclzukc !Jokuk Ujdcicl+, Uaca Cbcd 7

@cgc~ Ncitk

Lkqfl Ag Cnozb Acnk" !>==;+, Akhabkhat ocl t~clui~k} ~cleclhcl kuzM3, Gcnctcl

]jlj~clhcl Dcbc{ukc,

^zub{ Dzuc" Aga Lz~cuakikl Cnozbbca" !>==;+, _jiu ]~c$Z U_]D 7 Hjfh~c`k Cbcd

Ujiktc~ @kwkicb, ]zeaflh7 Bflhdcl,

Uz~tcadcl Icutkl Acucl" Cno, Hac`c~ Kudckb" !3;;8+, Cbcd Ujiktc~ 7 ]j~dcucbcacl ocl

]jlhcxcbcl, Izcbc Bzd}z~" OJN,

Xcbtj~ Bkltclhca" Clo{ ^zuujb Dfgkfb" Gzbkzu Ifofa" Dcgaklzu Ufbkdzl" !>=3=+, Cl

cuujudjlt f` t~jj }bcltctkfl cetkpkt{ cdflh udcbbafboj~u kl okut~ket f` ^clcz" Ucnca,

_juku, Zlkpj~uktk Dcbc{ukc Ucnca" Iftc iklcncbz,

[jx ]fk Ijlh" Uzn~cdclkcd ]j~kcucd{" Xc Eakl Fll" _jj Xca ]ff" !>==:+, U_]D

Hjfh~c`k Cbcd @kwkicb Ij~tcu 3 !Jokuk ujdcicl+, Uaca cbcd7 ]jlj~nkt @cgc~ Ncitk,


37/39

58

VVVVVVV" Lfpjdnj~ 30" >=3=, ^clcz acoc}k clecdcl }jlejdc~cl uzlhck, Ztzucl

Dcbc{ukc,

VVVVVVV" Okujdnj~ 3" >==;, Bcbzcl Iftc Iklcncbz ^clcz tj~}ztzu ujdjltc~c ciknct

tclca ~zltza, Nj~lcdc,

^zgzicl Kltj~ljt

Xkik}jokc" VVVVVVVV, ^clcz, okciuju }coc3 Fitfnj~ >=33, ,

att}7&&jl,xkik}jokc,f~h&xkik&^clcz "

Xkik}jokc"VVVV, Ecdj~fl Akhabclo, Okciuju }coc 3 fitfnj~ >=33 oc~k}coc

att}7jl,xkik}jokc,f~hxkikEcdj~flVAkhabclou

Klpjut kl }caclh"VVVVVV, _clca _klhhk, Okciuju }coc > Fitfnj~ >=33 oc~k}coc

att}7xxx,klpjutkl}caclh,hfp,d{klojq,}a}6ea4ndVxa{}caclh&}h4ndVtaklhutfof&

ce40

_jc ^jujc~ea Cuufekctkfl" VVVVVV, Ebkdctj clo ufkb, Okciuju }coc > Fitfnj~ >=33

oc~k}coc att}7xxx,tfeibck,ljtEzbtkpctkflklojq,cu}q

]zucic ^kdnc Dcbc{c" VVVVV, Aztcl azgcl, Okciuju }coc > Fitfnj~ >=33 oc~k}coc

att}7aztclazgcl,efdiactzbkutkxc$t~f}kic$aztcl$kibkd$uzaz$azgcl$clhkl

Clo~jx Eaff" VVVVVVVV, Lftc Hjfh~c`k ]D^, Oc~k}coc

att}7xxx,clo~jxeaff,joz,d{x}$efltjltz}bfcou>=3==?]D^$HJFH^C@K$LF_C$

_3$>$5,}o`, Okciuju }coc Fitfnj~ ;" >=33,

VVVVVVVV" Bclhica$bclhica cucu ocbcd djdnzct }jl{jbkokicl ufukfbfhk, Z^B7

tzcldct,t~k}ft,efd}jl{jbkokicl,atdb, Okciuju }coc fitfnj~ ;" >=33,

]jgcnct Ocj~ca ^clcz" >==;, Ujgc~ca ^clcz, Z^B7

xxx,ucnca,ljt,d{}luVib}o,~lzujgc~ca,atdb, Okciuju }coc Fitfnj~ 8" >=33


38/39

51

Gcnctcl ]jlhck~cl ocl ucbk~cl, Ljhj~k Ucnca" F~hclkucuk, Z^B

xxx,oko,ucnca,hfp,d{nd~clcz,cu}, Okciuju }coc Fitfnj~ 1" >=33,

^cdwca ^cdnzb" !>==;+, ]jdclcucl Hbfncb gjgcu uzaz tclca tklhhk izlocuclh, Z^B

att}7ihukbfz,nbfhu}ft,efd>==;=5}jdclcucl$hbfncb$gjgcu$uzaz$tclca,atdb , Okciuju

}coc Fitfnj~ ;" >=33,


39/39

BCD]K^CL

kajian pengaruh aktiviti ekonomi di ladang teh sabah terhadap alam sekitar dan manusia - leslie...

Documents