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PERANGKAAN EKONOMI

MALAYSIA – SIRI MASA

MALAYSIA ECONOMIC

STATISTICS – TIME SERIES

2007

JABATAN PERANGKAAN MALAYSIA

DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS, MALAYSIA

DISEMBER 2007

DECEMBER 2007

ISSN 0127-9181

KATA PENGANTAR

Maklumat yang komprehensif tentang sektor utama ekonomi Malaysia adalah

sangat penting, terutama dalam meneliti perkembangan sektor tersebut. Maklumat

tentang data siri masa mengikut sektor diperlukan bagi pemerhatian dan

perancangan ekonomi serta pengunjuran senario masa hadapan.

Penerbitan Perangkaan Ekonomi Malaysia - Siri Masa yang pertama telah

dikeluarkan pada tahun 1986 dan diikuti dengan beberapa keluaran bagi tahun

terpilih. Perangkaan Ekonomi Malaysia – Siri Masa 2007, memuatkan maklumat

berkenaan akaun negara, imbangan pembayaran, perdagangan luar negeri di

samping maklumat tentang pertanian, perikanan, pembuatan, pembinaan,

perlombongan, guna tenaga dan kependudukan. Laporan ini juga mengandungi

semua data retrospektif seawal yang ada bagi setiap bidang subjek di samping

mengambil pertimbangan perbandingan antara tempoh bagi siri data.

Penerbitan ini diharapkan menjadi satu rujukan yang bermanfaat dan

penambahbaikan akan dibuat secara berterusan dengan pertambahan maklumat

dan data terkini yang diperoleh. Keterangan lanjut atau maklumat terperinci boleh

dirujuk daripada penerbitan khusus yang berkaitan.

Akhir kata, saya ingin merakamkan penghargaan kepada semua pihak di atas

kerjasama dalam menjayakan penerbitan ini.

HAJAH WAN RAMLAH BINTI WAN ABD. RAOF

Ketua Perangkawan,

Malaysia.

Disember 2007

i

PREFACE

Comprehensive information on main sectors of Malaysian economy is vital

especially in tracing the progress of the sectors over a period of time. Information

on time series by sectors is required in observing and planning the economy as well

as in projecting the future scenario.

The first publication of Malaysia Economic Statistics – Time Series was for 1986

and followed by issues for the selected years. Malaysia Economic Statistic - Time

Series 2007, contains information on national accounts, balance of payments,

external trades, besides information on agriculture, fishing, manufacturing,

construction, mining, employments and population. This report includes all the

retrospective data from the earliest time on each subject area while taking into

consideration the inter-temporal comparability of the data series.

It is hoped that this publication serves as a useful reference and continuous

improvement will be addressed with additional information and latest data available.

Further explanation or detailed information can be referred to the related specific

publication.

Finally, I would like to express my appreciation to all parties involved in making this

publication a success.

HAJAH WAN RAMLAH BINTI WAN ABD. RAOF

Chief Statistician,

Malaysia.

December 2007

ii

SINGKATAN / ABBREVIATIONS

IHP : Indeks Harga Pengguna CPI : Consumer Price Index

IHPR : Indeks Harga Pengeluar PPI : Producer Price Index

IMF : Tabung Kewangan Antarabangsa International Monetary Fund

IPP : Indeks Pengeluaran Perindustrian IIP : Index of Industrial Production

JPKS : Juta Kaki Padu Standard MMSCF : Million Standard Cubic Feet

KDNK : Keluaran Dalam Negeri Kasar GDP : Gross Domestic Product

PNK : Pendapatan Negara Kasar GNI : Gross National Income

RM : Ringgit Malaysia

BPM5 : Balance of Payments Manual, the 5th. edition

DOC : Dictionary of Occupations

IBRD : International Bank for Reconstruction and Development

ISCO : International Standard Classification of Occupations

MASCO : Malaysia Standard Classification of Occupations

ISIC : International Standard Industrial Classification

MSIC : Malaysia Standard Industrial Classification

SITC : Standard International Trade Classification

SNA 1968 : System of National Accounts, 1968

SNA 1993 : System of National Accounts, 1993

FISIM : Financial Intermediation Services Indirectly Measured

FELCRA : Lembaga Penyatuan dan Pemulihan Tanah Persekutuan Federal Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Authority

FELDA : Lembaga Kemajuan Tanah Persekutuan Federal Land Development Authority

MPOB : Lembaga Minyak Sawit Malaysia Malaysian Palm Oil Board PORIM : Institut Penyelidikan Kelapa Sawit Malaysia Palm Oil Research Institute of Malaysia

PORLA : Lembaga Pendaftaran dan Pelesenan Minyak Kelapa Sawit Palm Oil Registration and Licensing Authority

RISDA : Pihak Berkuasa Kemajuan Pekebun Kecil Rubber Industry Smallholders Development Authority

TNB : Tenaga Nasional Berhad

iii

G.M.M.20 : Getah Mutu Malaysia 20 S.M.R.20 : Standard Malaysia Rubber 20

SESB : Sabah Elektrik Sdn. Bhd.

SESCO : Perbadanan Bekalan Elektrik Sarawak Sarawak Electricity Supply Corporation

c.i.f : Cost, insurance and freight

f.o.b : Free on board

samb. : Sambungan cont’d. : Continued

t.t.t.l : Tidak terkelas tempat lain n.e.c : Not elsewhere classified

SIMBOL / SYMBOLS

e : Anggaran / Estimate

BC : Tahun Banci / Census Year

f : Ramalan oleh Kementerian Kewangan Forecast by Ministry of Finance

n : Terlalu kecil / negligible

p : Permulaan / Preliminary

.. : Tidak diperoleh / Not available (a) : Semenanjung Malaysia sahaja Peninsular Malaysia only (b) : Semenanjung Malaysia & Sarawak sahaja Peninsular Malaysia & Sarawak only

(c) : Semenanjung Malaysia & Sabah sahaja Peninsular Malaysia & Sabah only (d) : Bagi tahun rujukan 2002, sekolah persendirian termasuk sekolah

memandu dan tadika. For the year 2002, the private school include driving school and

kindergartens. * : termasuk bukan warganegara Malaysia includes non-Malaysian citizen ** : Pindaan / amendment *** : Data bagi sebahagian data mengikut umur tidak diperoleh Partial of age data are not available (*) : Termasuk aliran masuk modal persendirian Includes private capital inflow (**) : Aliran masuk imbangan Sterling / Inflow of Sterling balances

iv

v

KANDUNGAN

CONTENTS

Muka Surat Page

1. AKAUN NEGARA

NATIONAL ACCOUNTS

Nota Keterangan

Explanatory Notes

1 - 4

Carta Chart

1.1 Keluaran Dalam Negeri Kasar dan Pendapatan Negara Kasar pada Harga Semasa dan Harga Malar 2000, 2000 - 2006, Malaysia

Gross Domestic Product and Gross National Income at Current and Constant 2000 Prices , 2000 - 2006, Malaysia

5

1.2 Keluaran Dalam Negeri Kasar Mengikut Jenis Aktiviti Ekonomi Pada Harga Malar 2000, 2000 - 2006, Malaysia

Gross Domestic Product by Kind of Economic Activity at Constant 2000 Prices , 2000 - 2006, Malaysia

6

1.3 Keluaran Dalam Negeri Kasar Mengikut Jenis Aktiviti Ekonomi Pada Harga Semasa 2000, 2000 - 2006, Malaysia

Gross Domestic Product by Kind of Economic Activity at Current 2000 Prices 2000 - 2006, Malaysia

6

Jadual Table

1.1 Keluaran Dalam Negeri Kasar dan Pendapatan Negara Kasar pada Harga Semasa, 1947 - 1969, Malaysia

Gross Domestic Product and Gross National Income at Current Prices, 1947 - 1969, Malaysia

7


Gross Domestic Product and Gross National Income at Current and Constant 1970 Prices , 1970 -1983, Malaysia

8


Gross Domestic Product and Gross National Income at Current and Constant 1978 Prices, 1978 -1997, Malaysia

9


Gross Domestic Product and Gross National Income at Current and Constant 1987 Prices, 1987 - 2006, Malaysia

10


Gross Domestic Product and Gross National Income at Current and Constant 2000 Prices, 2000 - 2006, Malaysia

11

1.6 Keluaran Dalam Negeri Kasar Mengikut Jenis Perbelanjaan Pada Harga Semasa, 1947 - 1986, Malaysia

Gross Domestic Product by Type of Expenditure at Current Prices, 1947 - 1986, Malaysia

12 - 16

1.7 Keluaran Dalam Negeri Kasar Mengikut Jenis Perbelanjaan Pada Harga Semasa 1987, 1987 - 2006, Malaysia

Gross Domestic Product by Type of Expenditure at Current 1987 Prices, 1987 - 2006, Malaysia

17 - 19

1.8 Keluaran Dalam Negeri Kasar Mengikut Jenis Perbelanjaan Pada Harga Semasa 2000, 2000 - 2006, Malaysia

Gross Domestic Product by Type of Expenditure at Current 2000 Prices, 2000 - 2006, Malaysia

20

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CONTENTS

Jadual Table

Muka Surat Page


Gross Domestic Product by Kind of Economic Activity at Current 1987 Prices,1987 - 2006, Malaysia

21 - 23


Gross Domestic Product by Kind of Economic Activity at Current 2000 Prices, 2000 - 2006, Malaysia

24 - 25

1.11 Keluaran Dalam Negeri Kasar Mengikut Jenis Perbelanjaan Pada Harga Malar 1987, 1987 - 2006, Malaysia

Gross Domestic Product by Type of Expenditure at Constant 1987 Prices, 1987 - 2006, Malaysia

26 - 28

1.12 Keluaran Dalam Negeri Kasar Mengikut Jenis Perbelanjaan Pada Harga Malar 2000, 2000 - 2006, Malaysia

Gross Domestic Product by Type of Expenditure at Constant 2000 Prices, 2000 - 2006, Malaysia

29


Gross Domestic Product by Kind of Economic Activity at Constant 1987 Prices, 1987 - 2006, Malaysia

30 - 32


Gross Domestic Product by Kind of Economic Activity at Constant 2000 Prices, 2000 - 2006, Malaysia

33 - 34

Akaun Pengagihan dan Penggunaan Pendapatan dan Akaun Modal Distribution and Use of Income Accounts and Capital Account

Nota Keterangan Explanatory Notes

35 - 38

Jadual Table

1.15 Indikator Makroekonomi Terpilih Mengikut Sektor Institusi, 1999 - 2004, Malaysia

Selected Macroeconomic Indicators by Institutional Sectors, 1999 - 2004, Malaysia

39

2. IMBANGAN PEMBAYARAN

BALANCE OF PAYMENTS

Nota Keterangan

Explanatory Notes

41 - 44

Jadual Table

2.1 Perangkaan Utama Imbangan Pembayaran, 1947 - 1998, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Balance of Payments, 1947 - 1998, Malaysia

45 - 52

2.2 Perangkaan Utama Imbangan Pembayaran, 1999 - 2006, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Balance of Payments, 1999 - 2006, Malaysia

53 - 54

3. PERDAGANGAN LUAR NEGERI EXTERNAL TRADE

Nota Keterangan

Explanatory Notes

55 - 57

Carta

Chart

3.1 Perangkaan Utama Perdagangan Luar Negeri, 1980 - 2006, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of External Trade, 1980 - 2006, Malaysia

59

3.2 Perangkaan Utama Perdagangan Luar Negeri, Eksport Mengikut Seksyen Barangan, 1980 - 2006, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of External Trade, Exports by Commodity Section, 1980 - 2006, Malaysia

60

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Jadual Table

Muka Surat Page

3.1 Perangkaan Utama Perdagangan Luar Negeri, 1947 - 2006, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of External Trade, 1947 - 2006, Malaysia

61 - 63

3.2 Perangkaan Utama Perdagangan Luar Negeri, Eksport Mengikut Seksyen Barangan, 1947 - 2006, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of External Trade, Exports by Commodity Section, 1947 - 2006, Malaysia

64 - 71

3.3 Perangkaan Utama Perdagangan Luar Negeri, Import Mengikut Seksyen Barangan, 1947 - 2006, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of External Trade, Imports by Commodity Section, 1947 - 2006, Malaysia

72 - 79

4. GETAH

RUBBER


81 - 82

Carta

Chart

4.1 Perangkaan Utama Estet Getah, 1964 - 2006, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Rubber Estates, 1964 - 2006, Malaysia

83

Jadual Table

4.1 Perangkaan Utama Estet Getah, 1930 - 2006, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Rubber Estates, 1930 - 2006, Malaysia

85 - 87

4.2 Jumlah Keluasan Hektar Tanaman Getah dan Pengeluaran Getah, 1930 - 2006, Malaysia

Total Planted Hectareage and Production of Rubber, 1930 - 2006, Malaysia

88 - 90

5. KELAPA SAWIT

OIL PALM


91 - 92

Carta

Chart

5.1 Perangkaan Utama Estet Kelapa Sawit, 1980 - 2006, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Oil Palm Estates, 1980 - 2006, Malaysia

93

5.2 Jumlah Keluasan Hektar Tanaman Kelapa Sawit, 1980 - 2006, Malaysia

Total Planted Hectareage of Oil Palm, 1980 - 2006, Malaysia

93

Jadual Table

5.1 Perangkaan Utama Estet Kelapa Sawit, 1959 - 2006, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Oil Palm Estates, 1959 - 2006, Malaysia

95 - 96

5.2 Jumlah Keluasan Hektar Tanaman Kelapa Sawit, 1959 - 2006, Malaysia

Total Planted Hectareage of Oil Palm, 1959 - 2006, Malaysia

97 - 98

6. KOKO

COCOA


99

Jadual Table

6.1 Perangkaan Utama Estet Koko, 1968 - 2006, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Cocoa Estates, 1968 - 2006, Malaysia

101 - 102

6.2 Jumlah Keluasan Hektar Tanaman Koko, 1968 - 2006, Malaysia

Total Planted Hectareage of Cocoa, 1968 - 2006, Malaysia

103

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Muka Surat Page

7. PERHUTANAN

FORESTRY

Nota Keterangan

Explanatory Notes

105 - 108

Carta

Chart

7.1 Perangkaan Utama Perhutanan dan Pembalakan, 1987 - 2006, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Forestry and Logging, 1987 - 2006, Malaysia

109

Jadual Table

7.1 Perangkaan Utama Perhutanan dan Pembalakan, 1987 - 2006, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Forestry and Logging, 1987 - 2006, Malaysia

111

7.2 Perangkaan Utama Perhutanan dan Pembalakan, 1948 - 2006, Semenanjung Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Forestry and Logging, 1948 - 2006, Peninsular Malaysia

112 - 113

7.3 Perangkaan Utama Perhutanan dan Pembalakan, 1964 - 2006, Sarawak

Principal Statistics of Forestry and Logging, 1964 - 2006, Sarawak

114

7.4 Perangkaan Utama Perhutanan dan Pembalakan, 1947 - 2006, Sabah

Principal Statistics of Forestry and Logging, 1947 - 2006, Sabah

115

8. PERIKANAN FISHING


117

Carta

Chart

8.1 Perangkaan Utama Pendaratan Ikan Laut Dan Pengeluaran Akuakultur, 1987 - 2006 Malaysia Principal Statistics of Marine Fish Landings and Aquculture Production, 1987 - 2006, Malaysia

119

Jadual Table

8.1 Perangkaan Utama Pendaratan Ikan Laut Dan Pengeluaran Akuakultur Dan Nilai, 1954 - 2006, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Marine Fish Landings and Aquaculture Production And Value, 1954 - 2006, Malaysia

121

9. PEMBUATAN MANUFACTURING


123 - 124

Jadual Table

9.1 Perangkaan Utama Industri Pembuatan, 1959 - 2005, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Manufacturing Industries, 1959 - 2005, Malaysia

125 - 126

10. PEMBINAAN

CONSTRUCTION


127 - 128

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KANDUNGAN

CONTENTS

Jadual Table

Muka Surat Page

10.1 Perangkaan Utama Industri Pembinaan, 1963 - 2005, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Construction Industries, 1963 - 2005, Malaysia

129 - 130

11. PERLOMBONGAN & PENGKUARIAN BATU MINING & STONE QUARRYING


131 - 132

Jadual Table

11.1 Perangkaan Utama Industri Perlombongan, 1963 - 2005, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Mining Industries, 1963 - 2005, Malaysia

133 - 134

11.2 Pengeluaran, Import dan Eksport Petroleum Mentah dan Pengeluaran Gas Asli, 1963 - 2007, Malaysia

Production, Imports and Exports of Crude Petroleum and Production of Natural Gas, 1963 - 2007, Malaysia

135

11.3 Perangkaan Utama Pengkuarian Batu, 1972 - 2005, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Stone Quarrying, 1972 - 2005, Malaysia

136

12. ELEKTRIK

ELECTRICITY


137

Jadual Table

12.1 Elektrik yang dijanakan, 1955 - 2006, Malaysia

Electricity Generated, 1955 - 2006, Malaysia

139 - 144

13. INDEKS PENGELUARAN PERINDUSTRIAN INDEX OF INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION


145

Jadual Table

13.1 Indeks Pengeluaran Perindustrian, 1968 - 2007, Malaysia

Index of Industrial Production, 1968 - 2007, Malaysia

147 - 149

14. INDEKS HARGA PENGELUAR

PRODUCER PRICE INDEX

Nota Keterangan

Explanatory Notes

151 - 152

Carta

Chart

14.1 Indeks Harga Pengeluar (2000 = 100) Bagi Barangan Dalam Ekonomi Tempatan Mengikut Seksyen Barangan (S.I.T.C), 2000 - 2007, Malaysia

Producer Price Index (2000 = 100) for Goods in the Domestic Economy by Commodity Sections (S.I.T.C), 2000 - 2007, Malaysia

153

Jadual Table

14.1 Indeks Harga Pengeluar (1972 = 100) Bagi Barangan Dalam Ekonomi Tempatan Mengikut Seksyen Barangan (S.I.T.C), 1972 - 1983, Semenanjung Malaysia

Producer Price Index (1972 = 100) for Goods in the Domestic Economy by Commodity Sections (S.I.T.C), 1972 - 1983, Peninsular Malaysia

155

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Jadual Table

Muka Surat Page



156

14.3

Indeks Harga Pengeluar (1989 = 100) Bagi Barangan Dalam Ekonomi Tempatan Mengikut Seksyen Barangan (S.I.T.C), 1989 - 2005, Malaysia


157



158

14.5 Indeks Harga Pengeluar (1972 = 100) Bagi Pengeluaran Tempatan Mengikut Seksyen Barangan (S.I.T.C), 1972 - 1983, Semenanjung Malaysia

Producer Price Index (1972 = 100) for Local Production by Commodity Sections (S.I.T.C), 1972 - 1983, Peninsular Malaysia

159

14.6 Indeks Harga Pengeluar (1978 = 100) Bagi Pengeluaran Tempatan Mengikut Seksyen Barangan (S.I.T.C), 1978 - 1995, Malaysia

Producer Price Index (1978 = 100) for Local Production by Commodity Sections (S.I.T.C), 1978 - 1995, Malaysia

160


Producer Price Index (1989 = 100) for Local Production by Commodity Sections (S.I.T.C), 1989 - 2005, Malaysia

161


Producer Price Index (2000 = 100) for Local Production by Commodity Sections S.I.T.C), 2000 - 2007, Malaysia

162

14.9 Indeks Harga Pengeluar (1972 = 100) Bagi Import Mengikut Seksyen Barangan (S.I.T.C), 1972 - 1983, Semenanjung Malaysia

Producer Price Index (1972 = 100) for Imports by Commodity Sections (S.I.T.C), 1972 - 1983, Peninsular Malaysia

163

14.10 Indeks Harga Pengeluar (1978 = 100) Bagi Import Mengikut Seksyen Barangan (S.I.T.C), 1978 - 1995, Malaysia

Producer Price Index (1978 = 100) for Imports by Commodity Sections (S.I.T.C), 1978 - 1995, Malaysia

164



165



166

15. INDEKS HARGA PENGGUNA

CONSUMER PRICE INDEX

Nota Keterangan

Explanatory Notes

167 - 170

xi

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CONTENTS

Jadual Table

Muka Surat Page

15.1 Indeks Harga Pengguna (1967 = 100) Mengikut Kumpulan Utama, 1967 - 1981, Semenanjung Malaysia

Consumer Price Index (1967 = 100) by Main Groups, 1967 - 1981, Peninsular Malaysia

171

15.2 Indeks Harga Pengguna (1980 = 100) Mengikut Kumpulan Utama, 1980 - 1998, Malaysia

Consumer Price Index (1980 = 100) by Main Groups, 1980 - 1998, Malaysia

172



173



174



175



176

16. PERKHIDMATAN

SERVICES

Nota Keterangan

Explanatory Notes

177 - 182

Jadual Table

16.1 Perangkaan Utama Peguam, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Lawyers, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia

183

16.2 Perangkaan Utama Akauntan, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Accountants, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia

184

16.3 Perangkaan Utama Arkitek, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Architects, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia

185

16.4 Perangkaan Utama Pelukis Pelan Bangunan, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia Principal Statistics of Building Draughtsman, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia

186

16.5 Perangkaan Utama Jurutera, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Engineers, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia

187

16.6 Perangkaan Utama Juruukur, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Surveyors, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia

188

16.7 Perangkaan Utama Sekolah Persendirian, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Private Schools, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia

189

16.8 Perangkaan Utama Sekolah Memandu, 1996 - 2005, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Driving Schools, 1996 - 2005, Malaysia

190

16.9 Perangkaan Utama Perkhidmatan Perubatan, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Medical Services, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia

191

16.10 Perangkaan Utama Perkhidmatan Pergigian, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Dental Services, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia

192

xii

KANDUNGAN

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Jadual Table

Muka Surat Page

16.11 Perangkaan Utama Perkhidmatan Veterinar, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Veterinary Services, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia

193

16.12 Perangkaan Utama Hospital Dan Rumah Bersalin Persendirian, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Private Hospitals and Maternity Homes, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia

194

16.13 Perangkaan Utama Penginapan, 1983 - 2005, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Accommodation, 1983 - 2005, Malaysia

195

16.14 Perangkaan Utama Perkhidmatan Broker Stok, Saham, Komoditi dan Tukaran Wang Asing, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Stock, Share, Commodity Brokers and Foreign Exchange Services, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia

196

16.15 Perangkaan Utama Ejen Hartanah, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Real Estate Agents, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia

197

16.16 Perangkaan Utama Agensi Pengiklanan, 1983 - 2005, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Advertising Agencies, 1983 - 2005, Malaysia

198

16.17 Perangkaan Utama Perkhidmatan Penayangan Wayang Gambar, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Motion Picture Projection Services, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia

199

16.18 Perangkaan Utama Pengangkutan Bas, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Bus Transport, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia

200 - 201

16.19 Perangkaan Utama Pengangkutan Muatan, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Road Haulage, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia

202

16.20 Perangkaan Utama Syarikat Perkapalan, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Shipping Companies, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia

203

16.21 Perangkaan Utama Pengangkutan Air Pedalaman, 2000 - 2005, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Inland Water Transport , 2000 - 2005, Malaysia

204

16.22 Perangkaan Utama Pengangkutan Udara, 2000 - 2005, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Air Transport, 2000 - 2005, Malaysia

204

16.23 Perangkaan Utama Kereta api / Transit Aliran Ringan, 2000 - 2005, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Train / Light Rail Transit Services, 2000 - 2005, Malaysia

205

16.24 Perangkaan Utama Lain-Lain Perkhidmatan Penghantaran Kargo, 2000 - 2005, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Other Forwarding Cargo Services, 2000 - 2005, Malaysia

205

16.25 Perangkaan Utama Syarikat Pemunggah Kapal, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Stevedoring Companies, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia

206

16.26 Perangkaan Utama Perkhidmatan Penyimpanan dan Gudang, 2000 - 2005, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Storage and Warehousing Services, 2000 - 2005, Malaysia

207

16.27 Perangkaan Utama Perkhidmatan Tempat Letak Kereta, 2002 - 2005, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Parking Lots Services, 2002 - 2005, Malaysia

207

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Jadual Table

Muka Surat Page

16.28 Perangkaan Utama Perkhidmatan Pengoperasian Lebuh Raya, 2000 - 2005, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Highway Operation Services, 2000 - 2005, Malaysia

208

16.29 Perangkaan Utama Perkhidmatan Pengoperasian Pelabuhan, 2000 - 2005, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Port Operations Services, 2000 - 2005, Malaysia

208

16.30 Perangkaan Utama Perkhidmatan Agensi Pengembaraan dan Operator Pelancongan , 1971 - 2005, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Travel Agencies and Tour Operators Services, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia

209

16.31 Perangkaan Utama Agensi Perkapalan, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Shipping Agencies, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia

210

16.32 Perangkaan Utama Perkhidmatan Agensi Penghantaran, 2000 - 2005, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Forwarding Agencies Services, 2000 - 2005, Malaysia

211

16.33 Perangkaan Utama Perkhidmatan Pos dan Kurier, 2000 - 2005, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Post and Courier Services, 2000 - 2005, Malaysia

211

16.34 Perangkaan Utama Perkhidmatan Telekomunikasi, 2000 - 2005, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Telecommunications Services, 2000 - 2005, Malaysia

212

16.35 Perangkaan Utama Perkhidmatan Komputer, 2000 - 2005, Malaysia

Principal Statistics of Computer Services, 2000 - 2005, Malaysia

212

16.36 Perangkaan Utama Perdagangan Borong, 1998 - 2006, Malaysia Principal Statistics of Wholesale Trade, 1998 - 2006, Malaysia

213

16.37 Perangkaan Utama Perdagangan Runcit, 1998 - 2006, Malaysia Principal Statistics of Retail Trade, 1998 - 2006, Malaysia

213

16.38 Perangkaan Utama Perdagangan Kenderaan Bermotor, 1998 - 2006, Malaysia Principal Statistics of Motor Vehicle Trade, 1998 - 2006, Malaysia

214

17. ALAM SEKITAR ENVIRONMENT

Nota Keterangan

Explanatory Notes

215 - 216

Carta

Chart

17.1 Purata Tahunan Indeks Pencemaran Udara Bagi Stesen-stesen Terpilih, 1998 - 2006, Malaysia

Annual Average Air Pollutant Index for Selected Stations , 1998 - 2006, Malaysia

217

17.2 Bilangan Lembangan Sungai Mengikut Kategori, 1998 - 2006, Malaysia

Number of River Basins by Category , 1998 - 2006, Malaysia

217

Jadual Table

17.1 Indeks Pencemaran Udara Bagi Stesen-stesen Terpilih dan Bilangan Lembangan Sungai Mengikut Kategori, 1998 - 2006, Malaysia

Annual Average Air Pollutant Index for Selected Stations and Number of River Basins By Category, 1998 - 2006, Malaysia

219

17.2 Beban Pelepasan Bahan Pencemar Mengikut Punca, 1998 - 2006, Malaysia

Emission Load of Pollutants by Sources , 1998 - 2006, Malaysia

219

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Jadual Table

Muka Surat Page

17.3 Status Kualiti Air Sungai Berdasarkan BOD5, NH3-N dan SS, 1998 - 2006, Malaysia

Status of River Water Quality Based on BOD5, NH3-N and SS, 1998 - 2006, Malaysia

220

18. GUNA TENAGA

EMPLOYMENT

Nota Keterangan

Explanatory Notes

221 - 226

Carta

Chart

18.1 Tenaga Buruh & Kadar Penyertaan Tenaga Buruh, 1995 - 2006, Malaysia

Labour Force & Labour Force Participation Rate , 1995 - 2006, Malaysia

227

18.2 Pengangguran & Kadar Pengangguran, 1995 - 2006, Malaysia

Unemployment & Unemployment Rate, 1995 - 2006, Malaysia

227

Jadual Table

18.1 Tenaga Buruh, Guna Tenaga Mengikut Sektor (MIC 1972) dan Pengangguran, 1982 - 2000, Malaysia

Labour Force, Employment by Sector (MIC 1972) and Unemployment, 1982 - 2000, Malaysia

229 - 231

18.2 Tenaga Buruh, Guna Tenaga Mengikut Sektor (MSIC 2000) dan Pengangguran, 2001 - 2006, Malaysia

Labour Force, Employment by Sector (MSIC 2000) and Unemployment, 2001 - 2006, Malaysia

232

19. PERANGKAAN PENDUDUK

POPULATION STATISTICS

Nota Keterangan

Explanatory Notes

233 - 236

Jadual Table

19.1 Anggaran Penduduk Mengikut Kumpulan Umur, 1891 - 2007, Malaysia

Population Estimates by Age Group, 1891 - 2007, Malaysia

237 - 239

19.2 Kadar Utama Demografi, 1911 - 2007, Malaysia

Main Demographic Rates, 1911 - 2007, Malaysia

240 - 242

19.3 Jangkaan Hayat Mengikut Kumpulan Etnik dan Jantina, 1966 - 2006, Malaysia

Life Expectancy by Ethnic Group and Sex, 1966 - 2006, Malaysia

243 - 244

xiv

AKAUN NEGARA

Nota Keterangan

1. Seksyen ini mempersembahkan akaun makroekonomi dalam bentuk Keluaran

Dalam Negeri Kasar (KDNK) dan Pendapatan Negara Kasar (PNK) mengikut kedua

-dua nilai, iaitu nilai malar dan nilai semasa.

a. KDNK ialah jumlah nilai barang dan perkhidmatan yang dikeluarkan dalam

tempoh tertentu selepas ditolak dengan harga barang dan perkhidmatan yang

digunakan dalam proses pengeluaran tetapi belum ditolak nilai penggunaan

modal tetap. KDNK boleh dinilai pada nilai pembeli dan pada kos faktor.

b. PNK merujuk kepada pengeluaran oleh penduduk negara, sama ada mereka

bermastautin dalam wilayah tempatan atau tidak. KDNK boleh ditukar kepada

PNK dengan menambah pendapatan faktor bersih dari luar negara.

c. Nilai semasa bermula dari tahun 1947 sehingga 2006, manakala nilai malar

mengikut tahun-tahun asas yang berlainan. Tahun-tahun asas tersebut ialah:-

i. KDNK / PNK (Tahun Asas 1970)

ii. KDNK / PNK (Tahun Asas 1978)

iii. KDNK / PNK (Tahun Asas 1987)

iv. KDNK / PNK (Tahun Asas 2000)

2. Perangkaan Akaun Negara bagi tahun 1947 hingga 1949 meliputi Malayan Union /

Persekutuan Tanah Melayu dan Singapura telah disediakan oleh Dr. Frederic

Benham, Penasihat Ekonomi kepada Ketua Pesuruhjaya bagi United Kingdom di

Asia Tenggara. Data ini diperoleh dari “The National Income of Malaya,

1947 – 1949”.

3. Perangkaan Akaun Negara bagi tahun 1949 hingga tahun 1953 telah disediakan

oleh International Bank for Reconstruction and Development. Ia meliputi

Persekutuan Tanah Melayu dan Singapura. Walau bagaimanapun, tiada anggaran

yang disediakan bagi tahun 1954. Data bagi tahun 1955 hingga 1962 merujuk

kepada Persekutuan Tanah Melayu.

1

4. Mulai tahun 1955, Jabatan Perangkaan meneruskan penyusunan perangkaan

akaun negara secara tahunan. Ia diterbitkan dalam Laporan Satu Misi yang

dikelolakan oleh International Bank for Reconstruction and Development

(September, 1955).

5. Sistem akaun negara yang terkini berdasarkan konsep dan metodologi yang

terdapat dalam “A System of National Accounts, 1993” (SNA 1993), Bangsa-bangsa

Bersatu.

2

NATIONAL ACCOUNTS

Explanatory Notes

1. This section presents macroeconomic accounts in terms of Gross Domestic

Product (GDP) and Gross National Income (GNI) in both constant and current

values.

a. GDP is the total value of goods and services produced within a given period

after deducting the cost of goods and services used up in the process of

production but before deducting allowances for the consumption of fixed capital.

GDP can be valued at purchasers’ values and at factor cost.

b. GNI refers to the production of the nationals of the country, whether they are in

residence in the domestic territory or not. GDP can be converted to GNI by

adding net factor incomes from abroad.

c. The current values begin from year 1947 to 2006, while constant values are

based on different base years. The base years are:-

i. GDP /GNI (Base Year 1970)

ii. GDP /GNI (Base Year 1978)

iii. GDP /GNI (Base Year 1987)

iv. GDP /GNI (Base Year 2000)

2. National Accounts Statistics for the years 1947 to 1949 covering Malayan Union /

Federation of Malaya and Singapore, were prepared by Dr. Frederic Benham,

Economic Adviser to the Commissioner-General for the United Kingdom in South

East Asia. The data were obtained from “The National Income of Malaya, 1947

-1949”.

3. National Accounts Statistics for the years 1949 to 1953 were prepared by the

International Bank for Reconstruction and Development. It covers the Federation of

Malaya and Singapore. However, no estimates were available for the year 1954.

Data from 1955 to 1962 refer to the Federation of Malaya.

3

4. From the year 1955 onwards, the Department of Statistics has compiled and

published national accounts statistics on an annual basis. It was published in a

Report of a Mission organised by the International Bank for Reconstruction and

Development (September, 1955).

5. The system of national accounts is currently based on the concepts and

methodology outlined in “A System of National Accounts, 1993” (SNA 1993) of the

United Nations.

4

5

CARTA 1.1: KELUARAN DALAM NEGERI KASAR DAN PENDAPATAN NEGARA KASAR PADA HARGA SEMASA DAN HARGA MALAR 2000, 2000-2006, MALAYSIA

Chart 1.1 : Gross Domestic Product and Gross National Income at Current and Constant 2000 Prices , 2000 - 2006, Malaysia

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 e 2006 p

RM (Bilion / Billion )

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

RM (Bilion / Billion )

KDNK (Harga Semasa) / GDP (Current Prices) KDNK (Harga Malar) / GDP (Constant Prices) PNK (Harga Semasa) / GNI (Current Prices) PNK (Harga Malar) / GNI (Constant Prices)

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 e 2005 p 2006 p

RM (Juta / Million )

6

CARTA 1.2: KELUARAN DALAM NEGERI KASAR MENGIKUT JENIS AKTIVITI EKONOMI PADA HARGA MALAR 2000, 2000 - 2006, MALAYSIA

Chart 1.2: Gross Domestic Product by Kind of Economic Activity at Constant 2000 Prices , 2000 - 2006, Malaysia

CARTA 1.3: KELUARAN DALAM NEGERI KASAR MENGIKUT JENIS AKTIVITI EKONOMI PADA HARGA SEMASA 2000, 2000-2006, MALAYSIA

Chart 1.3: Gross Domestic Product by Kind of Economic Activity at Current 2000 Prices , 2000 - 2006, Malaysia

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

700,000

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 e 2005 p 2006 p


Perkhidmatan Kerajaan / Government Services

Perkhidmatan-Perkhidmatan Lain / Other Services

Kewangan, Insurans, Hartanah dan Perkhidmatan

Perniagaan / Finance, Insurance, Real Estate and Business Services

Pengangkutan, Penyimpanan dan Komunikasi / Transport, Storage and Communication

Perdagangan Borong dan Runcit, Hotel dan Restoran / Wholesale and Retail Trade, Hotels and Restaurants

Pembinaan / Construction

Utiliti / Utilities

Pembuatan / Manufacturing

Perlombongan dan Kuari / Mining and Quarrying

Pertanian / Agriculture

Perkhidmatan Kerajaan / Government Services

Perkhidmatan-Perkhidmatan Lain / Other Services

Kewangan, Insurans, Hartanah dan Perkhidmatan

Perniagaan / Finance, Insurance, Real Estate and Business Services

Pengangkutan, Penyimpanan dan Komunikasi / Transport, Storage and Communication

Perdagangan Borong dan Runcit, Hotel dan Restoran / Wholesale and Retail Trade, Hotels and Restaurants

Pembinaan / Construction

Utiliti / Utilities

Pembuatan / Manufacturing

Perlombongan dan Kuari / Mining and Quarrying

Pertanian / Agriculture

JADUAL 1.1 : KELUARAN DALAM NEGERI KASAR DAN PENDAPATAN NEGARA KASAR PADA HARGA SEMASA, 1947-1969, MALAYSIA

Table 1.1 : Gross Domestic Product and Gross National Income at Current Prices, 1947-1969, Malaysia

Tahun Keluaran Dalam Pendapatan Penduduk Keluaran Dalam Pendapatan

Year Negeri Kasar Negara Kasar Population Negeri Kasar Negara Kasar Gross Domestic Gross National per kapita per kapita

Product Income Gross Domestic Product Gross National Income

per capita per capita

RM (Juta / Million) ( '000) RM

Harga Harga Harga Harga

Semasa Semasa Semasa Semasa

Current Current Current Current Prices Prices Prices Prices

1947 3,531 3,511 5,820 607 603

1948 3,619 3,580 5,952 608 601

1949 3,550 3,400 6,066 585 561

1950 5,345 4,765 6,245 856 763

1951 7,520 6,840 6,382 1,178 1,072

1952 6,350 6,155 6,586 964 935

1953 5,780 5,690 6,829 846 833

1954 .. .. .. .. ..

1955 4,992 4,756 6,058 824 785

1956 5,060 4,842 6,252 809 774

1957 5,126 4,948 6,279 816 788

1958 4,896 4,758 6,505 753 731

1959 5,527 5,316 6,703 825 793

1960 5,866 5,616 6,919 848 812

1961 5,822 5,633 7,147 815 788

1962 6,127 5,985 7,384 830 811

1963 7,684 7,513 8,920 861 842

1964 8,187 7,960 9,168 893 868

1965 9,050 8,776 9,436 959 930

1966 9,623 9,344 9,731 989 960

1967 9,762 9,647 10,004 976 964

1968 10,195 10,074 10,249 994 983

1969 11,218 10,939 10,496 1,068 1,042

7

JADUAL 1.2 : KELUARAN DALAM NEGERI KASAR DAN PENDAPATAN NEGARA KASAR PADA HARGA SEMASA DAN HARGA MALAR 1970, 1970-1983, MALAYSIA Table 1.2 : Gross Domestic Product and Gross National Income at Current and Constant 1970 Prices, 1970-1983, Malaysia

Ta-hun Keluaran Dalam Pendapatan Penduduk Keluaran Dalam Pendapatan


Product Income

Gross Domestic

Product Gross National Income

per capita


Harga Harga Harga Harga Harga Harga Harga Harga

Semasa Malar Semasa Malar Semasa Malar Semasa Malar Current Constant Current Constant Current Constant Current Constant Prices Prices Prices Prices Prices Prices Prices Prices

(1970 = 100) (1970 = 100) (1970 = 100) (1970 = 100)

1970 11,829 11,829 11,644 11,644 10,881 1,087 1,087 1,070 1,070

1971 12,955 13,016 12,592 12,667 11,160 1,161 1,166 1,128 1,135

1972 14,220 14,238 13,842 13,903 11,441 1,243 1,244 1,210 1,215

1973 18,723 15,904 18,064 15,365 11,720 1,598 1,357 1,541 1,311

1974 22,858 17,227 21,861 16,545 12,001 1,905 1,435 1,822 1,379

1975 22,332 17,365 21,606 16,918 12,300 1,816 1,412 1,757 1,375

1976 28,085 19,373 26,988 18,731 12,588 2,231 1,539 2,144 1,488

1977 32,340 20,875 31,064 20,146 12,901 2,507 1,618 2,408 1,562

1978 22,264 21,343 1,687 1,617

1979 24,324 23,268 1,799 1,721

1980 26,228 25,260 1,890 1,820

1981 28,092 27,086 1,970 1,900

1982 29,677 28,393 2,026 1,938

1983 31,442 29,640 2,089 1,970

8

JADUAL 1.3 : KELUARAN DALAM NEGERI KASAR DAN PENDAPATAN NEGARA KASAR PADA HARGA SEMASA

DAN HARGA MALAR 1978, 1978-1997, MALAYSIA

Table 1.3 : Gross Domestic Product and Gross National Income at Current and Constant 1978 Prices , 1978-1997, Malaysia



Product Income Gross Domestic Product

Gross National Income per capita



Semasa Malar Semasa Malar Semasa Malar Semasa Malar Current Constant Current Constant Current Constant Current Constant Prices Prices Prices Prices Prices Prices Prices Prices

(1978 = 100) (1978 = 100) (1978 = 100) (1978 = 100)

1978 37,886 37,886 36,186 36,186 13,200 2,870 2,870 2,741 2,741

1979 46,424 41,428 44,354 39,494 13,518 3,434 3,065 3,281 2,922

1980 53,308 44,511 51,390 42,949 13,879 3,841 3,207 3,703 3,095

1981 57,613 47,601 55,602 46,174 14,257 4,041 3,339 3,900 3,239

1982 62,599 50,445 59,710 48,309 14,651 4,273 3,443 4,075 3,297

1983 70,444 53,583 66,033 50,159 15,048 4,681 3,561 4,388 3,333

1984 79,550 57,742 74,182 53,514 15,450 5,149 3,737 4,801 3,464

1985 77,470 57,093 71,962 52,838 15,883 4,878 3,595 4,531 3,327

1986 71,594 57,751 66,814 54,155 16,329 4,384 3,537 4,092 3,316

1987 60,863 57,164 3,628 3,408

1988 66,218 62,517 3,846 3,631

1989 72,297 68,212 4,093 3,862

1990 79,329 75,904 4,382 4,193

1991 86,149 81,511 4,645 4,395

1992 92,866 87,667 4,877 4,604

1993 100,617 95,291 5,143 4,871

1994 109,976 104,006 5,468 5,171

1995 120,273 113,704 5,813 5,496

1996 130,621 123,166 6,170 5,818

1997 140,684 132,811 6,493 6,130

9


DAN HARGA MALAR 1987, 1987-2006, MALAYSIA

Table 1.4 : Gross Domestic Product and Gross National Income at Current and Constant 1987 Prices, 1987-2006, Malaysia


Year Negeri Kasar Negara Kasar Population Negeri Kasar Negara Kasar

Gross Domestic Gross National per kapita per kapita

Product Income Gross Domestic Gross National

Product per capita Income per capita



Semasa Malar Semasa Malar Semasa Malar Semasa Malar

Current Constant Current Constant Current Constant Current Constant

Prices Prices Prices Prices Prices Prices Prices Prices

(1987 = 100) (1987 = 100) (1987 = 100) (1987 = 100)

1987 81,085 81,085 76,104 76,104 16,774 4,834 4,834 4,537 4,537

1988 92,370 89,143 87,286 84,729 17,219 5,364 5,177 5,069 4,921

1989 105,233 97,219 99,330 92,091 17,662 5,958 5,504 5,624 5,214

1990 119,081 105,977 114,017 101,657 18,102 6,578 5,854 6,298 5,616

1991 135,124 116,093 128,324 110,443 18,547 7,285 6,259 6,919 5,955

1992 150,682 126,408 142,676 118,224 19,043 7,913 6,638 7,492 6,208

1993 172,194 138,916 163,928 130,118 19,564 8,802 7,101 8,379 6,651

1994 195,461 151,713 186,049 141,890 20,112 9,719 7,543 9,251 7,055

1995 222,473 166,625 212,095 155,204 20,689 10,753 8,054 10,251 7,502

1996 253,732 183,292 241,931 170,104 21,169 11,986 8,659 11,429 8,036

1997 281,795 196,714 266,699 182,298 21,666 13,006 9,079 12,310 8,414

1998 283,243 182,237 267,923 172,787 22,180 12,770 8,216 12,080 7,790

1999 300,764 193,422 279,878 179,794 22,714 13,241 8,516 12,322 7,916

2000 343,215 210,557 314,306 191,287 23,495 14,608 8,962 13,378 8,142

2001 334,404 211,227 308,781 193,585 24,013 13,926 8,796 12,859 8,062

2002 362,012 220,422 336,951 203,169 24,527 14,760 8,987 13,738 8,284

2003 395,170 232,496 372,633 217,292 25,048 15,770 9,277 14,877 8,675

2004 e 450,152 249,314 425,603 233,443 25,581 17,576 9,732 16,637 9,126

2005 p 495,239 262,175 471,331 246,210 26,128 18,928 10,029 18,040 9,423

2006 p 546,343 277,673 .. .. 26,640 .. .. .. ..

10


DAN HARGA MALAR 2000, 2000 - 2006, MALAYSIA Table 1.5 : Gross Domestic Product and Gross National Income at Current and Constant 2000 Prices, 2000 - 2006, Malaysia


Year Negeri Kasar Negara Kasar Population Negeri Kasar Negara Kasar

Gross Domestic Gross National per kapita per kapita

Product Income Gross Domestic Gross National

Product per capita Income per capita



Semasa Malar Semasa Malar Semasa Malar Semasa Malar

Current Constant Current Constant Current Constant Current Constant

Prices Prices Prices Prices Prices Prices Prices Prices

(2000 = 100) (2000 = 100) (2000 = 100) (2000 = 100)

2000 356,401 356,401 327,492 327,492 23,495 13,939 13,939 13,939 13,939

2001 352,579 358,246 326,956 331,740 24,013 13,616 13,815 13,616 13,815

2002 383,213 377,559 358,152 351,671 24,527 14,603 14,338 14,603 14,338

2003 418,769 399,414 396,232 376,809 25,048 15,819 15,043 15,819 15,043

2004 474,048 426,508 449,646 402,838 25,581 17,577 15,748 17,577 15,748

2005 e 519,451 447,818 495,543 423,679 26,128 18,966 16,216 18,966 16,216

2006 p 572,555 474,392 555,199 453,825 26,640 20,841 17,035 20,841 17,035

11

JADUAL 1.6 : KELUARAN DALAM NEGERI KASAR MENGIKUT JENIS PERBELANJAAN PADA HARGA SEMASA,

1947 - 1986, MALAYSIA Table 1.6 : Gross Domestic Product by Type of Expenditure at Current Prices, 1947 - 1986, Malaysia

Tahun/Year 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952

1. Perbelanjaan Penggunaan Akhir

3,189 3,269 3,138 3,769 5,472 5,299

Final Consumption Expenditure

a) Kerajaan 141 252 348 369 562 699

Government

b) Persendirian 3,048 3,017 2,790 3,400 4,910 4,600

Private

2. Perubahan Stok .. .. .. .. .. ..

Changes in Stocks

3. Pembentukan Modal Tetap Kasar 365 355 377 241 458 756

Gross Fixed Capital Formation

4. Eksport Barang dan Perkhidmatan 1,660 2,041 1,887 4,251 6,346 4,179

Exports of Goods and Services

5. Import Barang dan Perkhidmatan 1,683 2,046 1,852 2,916 4,756 3,884

Imports of Goods and Services

6. KDNK pada Harga Pembeli 3,531 3,619 3,550 5,345 7,520 6,350

GDP at Purchasers' Prices

7. Bayaran Pendapatan Faktor Bersih dari Luar Negeri -20 -39 -150 -580 -680 -195

Net Factor Income Payments from Abroad

8. Pendapatan Negara Kasar (PNK) 3,511 3,580 3,400 4,765 6,840 6,155

Gross National Income (GNI)

9. Penduduk ('000) 5,820 5,952 6,066 6,245 6,382 6,586

Population (‘000)

10. PNK Per Kapita (RM) 603 601 561 763 1,072 935

GNI Per Capita (RM)

12

1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964

5,140 .. 3,611 3,861 3,989 3,946 4,159 4,361 4,632 4,941 6,089 6,509

770 .. 647 705 738 768 774 727 794 855 1,190 1,378

4,370 .. 2,964 3,156 3,251 3,178 3,385 3,634 3,838 4,086 4,899 5,131

.. .. 13 21 26 34 -60 43 12 40 .. ..

600 .. 460 557 630 580 580 652 777 968 1,462 1,536

3,280 .. 2,488 2,422 2,351 2,040 2,638 3,113 2,822 2,821 3,513 3,609

3,240 .. 1,580 1,801 1,870 1,704 1,790 2,303 2,421 2,643 3,380 3,467

5,780 .. 4,992 5,060 5,126 4,896 5,527 5,866 5,822 6,127

7,684

8,187

-90 .. -236 -218 -178 -138 -211 -250 -189 -142 -171 -227

5,690 .. 4,756 4,842 4,948 4,758 5,316 5,616 5,633 5,985 7,513 7,960

6,829 .. 6,058 6,252 6,279 6,505 6,703 6,919 7,147 7,384 8,920 9,168

833 .. 785 774 788 731 793 812 788 811 842 868

RM ( Juta/Million )

13

JADUAL 1.6 : KELUARAN DALAM NEGERI KASAR MENGIKUT JENIS PERBELANJAAN PADA HARGA SEMASA, 1947 - 1986, MALAYSIA (samb.) Table 1.6 : Gross Domestic Product by Type of Expenditure at Current Prices, 1947 - 1986, Malaysia (cont'd.)

Tahun/Year 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970


6,981 7,501 7,925 8,167 8,549 9,257


a) Kerajaan

1,535 1,740 1,704 1,744 1,826 2,162

Government

b) Persendirian

5,446 5,761 6,221 6,423 6,723 7,095

Private

2. Perubahan Stok .. .. .. .. .. ..

Changes in Stocks

3. Pembentukan Modal Tetap Kasar

1,664 1,742 1,599 1,669 1,525 2,071


4. Eksport Barang dan Perkhidmatan

4,063 4,091 3,999 4,407 5,297 5,389


5. Import Barang dan Perkhidmatan

3,658 3711 3,761 4,048 4,153 4,888


6. KDNK pada Harga Pembeli

9,050

9,623 9,762 10,195 11,218 11,829


7. Bayaran Pendapatan Faktor Bersih dari Luar Negeri -274 -279 -115 -121 -279 -185


8. Pendapatan Negara Kasar (PNK)

8,776

9,344 9,647 10,074 10,939 11,644


9. Penduduk ('000)

9,436

9,731 10,004 10,249 10,496 10,881

Population

10. PNK Per Kapita (RM) 930 960 964 983 1,042 1,070

GNI Per Capita (RM)

14

1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982

10,081 11,351 13,242 16,292 17,010 19,016 22,200 25,674 28,881 35,757 41,019 44,695

2,170 2,738 2,934 3,516 3,924 4,301 5,388 6,090 6,475 8,811 10,425 11,469

7,911 8,613 10,308 12,776 13,086 14,715 16,812 19,584 22,406 26,946 30,594 33,226

-13 -150 207 714 -381 -71 247 723 1,173 -380 -602 613

2,701 3,211 4,219 5,798 5,602 6,206 7,465 9,381 12,250 16,597 20,759 22,745

5,242 5,121 7,767 11,043 10,172 14,554 16,216 18,585 26,004 30,676 30,154 31,846

5,056 5,313 6,712 10,989 10,071 11,620 13,788 16,477 21,884 29,342 33,717 37,300

12,955 14,220 18,723 22,858 22,332 28,085 32,340 37,886 46,424 53,308 57,613 62,599

-363 -378 -659 -997 -726 -1,097 -1,276 -1,700 -2,070 -1,918 -2,011 -2,889

12,592 13,842 18,064 21,861 21,606 26,988 31,064 36,186 44,354 51,390 55,602 59,710

11,160 11,441 11,720 12,001 12,300 12,588 12,901 13,200 13,518 13,879 14,257 14,651

1,128 1,210 1,541 1,822 1,757 2,144 2,408 2,741 3,281 3,703 3,900 4,075

RM ( Juta/Million )

15

JADUAL 1.6 : KELUARAN DALAM NEGERI KASAR MENGIKUT JENIS PERBELANJAAN PADA HARGA SEMASA, 1947 -1986, MALAYSIA (samb.)

Table 1.6 : Gross Domestic Product by Type of Expenditure at Current Prices, 1947 - 1986, Malaysia (cont'd.)

Tahun/Year 1983 1984 1985 1986


47,473 51,335 52,127 48,626


a) Kerajaan 11,015 11,741 11,844 12,127

Government

b) Persendirian 36,458 39,594 40,283 36,499

Private

2. Perubahan Stok 1,253 1,306 -1,757 -261

Changes in Stocks

3. Pembentukan Modal Tetap Kasar 25,213 25,391 23,124 18,865


4. Eksport Barang dan Perkhidmatan 36,298 43,171 42,537 40,305


5. Import Barang dan Perkhidmatan 39,793 41,653 38,561 35,941


6. KDNK pada Harga Pembeli 70,444 79,550 77,470 71,594


7. Bayaran Pendapatan Faktor Bersih dari Luar Negeri -4,411 -5,368 -5,508 -4,780


8. Pendapatan Negara Kasar (PNK) 66,033 74,182 71,962 66,814


9. Penduduk ('000) 15,048 15,450 15,883 16,329

Population

10. PNK Per Kapita (RM) 4,388 4,801 4,531 4,092

GNI Per Capita (RM)

16

JADUAL 1.7 : KELUARAN DALAM NEGERI KASAR MENGIKUT JENIS PERBELANJAAN PADA HARGA SEMASA 1987, 1987 - 2006, MALAYSIA Table 1.7 : Gross Domestic Product by Type of Expenditure at Current 1987 Prices, 1987 - 2006, Malaysia

Tahun/Year 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991


51,123 58,592 67,417 78,113 89,005


a) Kerajaan 12,060 13,148 14,798 16,426 18,504

Government

b) Persendirian 39,063 45,444 52,619 61,687 70,501

Private

2. Perubahan Stok 812 1,624 835 -813 1,938

Changes in Stocks

3. Pembentukan Modal Tetap Kasar 17,904 22,726 30,599 39,348 49,126


4. Eksport Barang dan Perkhidmatan 50,998 61,348 75,112 88,675 105,161


5. Import Barang dan Perkhidmatan 39,752 51,920 68,730 86,241 110,107


6. KDNK pada Harga Pembeli 81,085 92,370 105,233 119,081 135,124


7. Bayaran Pendapatan Faktor Bersih dari Luar Negeri -4,982 -5,084 -5,903 -5,064 -6,800


8. Pendapatan Negara Kasar (PNK) 76,104 87,286 99,330 114,017 128,324


9. Penduduk ('000) 16,774 17,219 17,662 18,102 18,547

Population

10. PNK Per Kapita (RM) 4,537 5,069 5,624 6,298 6,919

GNI Per Capita (RM)

RM ( Juta/Million )

17

JADUAL 1.7 : KELUARAN DALAM NEGERI KASAR MENGIKUT JENIS PERBELANJAAN PADA HARGA SEMASA 1987, 1987 - 2006, MALAYSIA (samb.) Table 1.7 : Gross Domestic Product by Type of Expenditure at Current 1987 Prices, 1987 - 2006, Malaysia (cont’d.)

Tahun/Year 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996


95,353 104,894 118,061 134,140 144,972


a) Kerajaan 19,604 21,750 23,973 27,527 28,178

Government

b) Persendirian 75,749 83,144 94,088 106,613 116,794

Private

2. Perubahan Stok -1,906 535 1,870 120 -2,579

Changes in Stocks











8. Pendapatan Negara Kasar (PNK) 142,676 163,928 186,049 212,095 241,931


9. Penduduk ('000) 19,043 19,564 20,112 20,689 21,169

Population

10. PNK Per Kapita (RM) 7,492 8,379 9,251 10,251 11,429

GNI Per Capita (RM)

18

RM ( Juta/Million )

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 e 2005 p 2006 p

158,124 145,388 158,218 181,031 192,909 209,521

227,277

252,088

279,957

309,197

30,341 27,670 33,044 35,676 42,265 49,516

54,911

59,317

64,081

70,394

127,783 117,718 125,056 145,355 150,644 159,506

172,366

192,771

215,876

238,803

-398 -427 1,476 5,982 -3,339 3,105 -1,658

10,552 -200 -920

121,494 75,982 65,841 87,729 83,345 83,764

87,089

91,818

98,930

110,396

262,885 327,836 364,861 427,004 389,255 415,040

447,846

544,956

611,082

667,597

260,310 265,536 289,514 358,530 327,767 348,919

365,383

449,262

494,529

539,928

281,795 283,243 300,764 343,215 334,404 362,012

395,170

450,152

495,239

546,343

-15,095 -15,321 -20,886 -28,909 -25,623 -25,061 -22,537 -24,549 -23,908 ..

266,699 267,923 279,878 314,306 308,781 336,951

372,633

425,603 471,331 ..

21,666 22,180 22,714 23,495 24,013 24,527

25,048

25,581

26,128

26,640

12,310 12,080 12,322 13,378 12,859 13,738

14,877

16,637 18,040 ..

19

2000 - 2006, MALAYSIA

Table 1.8 : Gross Domestic Product by Type of Expenditure at Current 2000 Prices, 2000 - 2006, Malaysia

Tahun/Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 f 2005 e 2006 p

1. Perbelanjaan Penggunaan Akhir 192,170 205,066 222,141 240,980 268,206 297,583 326,393


a) Kerajaan 36,229 42,448 49,656 54,306 59,635 64,278 68,525

Government

b) Persendirian 155,941 162,618 172,485 186,674 208,571 233,305 257,868

Private

2. Perubahan Stok 5,615 -2,557 4,955 1,462 9,930 -1,868 -1,061

Changes in Stocks

3. Pembentukan Modal Tetap Kasar 95,756 86,023 94,950 95,327 109,266 105,317 118,535


4. Eksport Barang dan Perkhidmatan 427,003 389,256 415,040 447,846 546,925 611,081 669,776


5. Import Barang dan Perkhidmatan 358,529 327,765 348,919 365,383 450,350 494,530 542,150


6. KDNK pada Harga Pembeli 356,401 352,579 383,213 418,769 474,048 519,451 572,555


7. Bayaran Pendapatan Faktor Bersih dari Luar Negeri -28,909 -25,623 -25,061 -22,537 -24,402 -23,908 -17,356


8. Pendapatan Negara Kasar (PNK) 327,492 326,956 358,152 396,232 449,646 495,543 555,199


9. Penduduk ('000) 23,495 24,013 24,527 25,048 25,581 26,128 26,640

Population

10. PNK Per Kapita (RM) 13,939 13,616 14,603 15,819 17,577 18,966 20,841

GNI Per Capita (RM)

JADUAL 1.8 : KELUARAN DALAM NEGERI KASAR MENGIKUT JENIS PERBELANJAAN PADA HARGA SEMASA 2000,

20

JADUAL 1.9 : KELUARAN DALAM NEGERI KASAR MENGIKUT JENIS AKTIVITI EKONOMI PADA HARGA SEMASA 1987,

1987 - 2006, MALAYSIA

Table 1.9 : Gross Domestic Product by Kind of Economic Activity at Current 1987 Prices , 1987 - 2006, Malaysia

Tahun/Year 1987 1988 1989 1990

Pertanian, Ternakan, Perhutanan dan Perikanan

16,185 18,540 19,028 18,120

Agriculture, Livestock, Forestry and Fishing

Perlombongan dan Kuari 10,235 10,107 10,796 14,111

Mining and Quarrying

Pembuatan 16,058 20,157 25,048 28,847

Manufacturing

Elektrik, Gas dan Air 2,129 2,300 2,568 2,643

Electricity, Gas and Water

Pembinaan 2,818 2,866 3,475 4,649

Construction

Perdagangan Borong dan Runcit, Hotel dan Restoran 8,720 10,689 13,297 16,171

Wholesale and Retail Trade, Hotels and Restaurants

Pengangkutan, Penyimpanan dan Komunikasi 5,267 5,801 6,551 7,026

Transport, Storage and Communication

Kewangan, Insurans, Hartanah dan Perkhidmatan Perniagaan 6,239 7,032 9,445 10,707

Finance, Insurance, Real Estate and Business Services

Perkhidmatan-perkhidmatan Lain 5,526 6,191 6,729 7,572

Other Services

Perkhidmatan Kerajaan 8,853 9,217 10,335 11,149

Government Services

Tolak : Caj Perkhidmatan Bank Tertaksir 3,261 3,467 5,597 6,220

Less : Imputed Bank Service Charges

Campur : Duti Import 2,316 2,936 3,558 4,305

Plus : Import Duties

Keluaran Dalam Negeri Kasar (KDNK) pada Harga Pembeli 81,085 92,370 105,233 119,081

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at Purchasers' Prices

RM ( Juta/Million )

21


1987 - 2006 MALAYSIA (samb.)

Tahun/Year 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995


19,398

21,958

23,741

26,702 28,809

Agriculture, Livestock, Forestry and Fishing

Perlombongan dan Kuari 13,725

12,399

11,037

10,426 13,864


Pembuatan 34,524

38,910

44,643

52,072 58,684

Manufacturing

Elektrik, Gas dan Air 2,708 3,295 4,289 4,858 5,813


Pembinaan 5,939

7,396

9,054

10,909 13,747

Construction

Perdagangan Borong dan Runcit, Hotel dan Restoran 19,404

22,238

25,924

30,186 34,132


Pengangkutan, Penyimpanan dan Komunikasi 8,505

9,215

10,798

12,902 14,964


Kewangan, Insurans, Hartanah dan Perkhidmatan Perniagaan 12,243

15,018

21,001

22,946 25,758


Perkhidmatan-perkhidmatan Lain 8,757 9,971 11,408 13,016 14,891

Other Services

Perkhidmatan Kerajaan 11,653

12,366

13,465

14,662 16,780

Government Services

Tolak : Caj Perkhidmatan Bank Tertaksir 6,884

7,707

9,253

10,618 12,529


Campur : Duti Import 5,151

5,625

6,086

7,400 7,559


Keluaran Dalam Negeri Kasar (KDNK) pada Harga Pembeli 135,124

150,682

172,194

195,461 222,473


Table 1.9 : Gross Domestic Product by Kind of Economic Activity at Current 1987 Prices, 1987 - 2006, Malaysia (cont’d.)

22

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2005 p 2006 p

29,637

31,283 37,706

32,610

30,225 27,566 33,141 37,954 42,904 49,926

16,598

19,432 19,055

23,081

37,527 33,935 34,097 41,071 75,178 86,134

70,646

79,974 81,525

93,045

111,900 101,735 110,561 122,949 151,422 166,895

6,560 7,726 9,188

9,619

10,780 11,415 12,145 12,776 14,504 15,622

16,641

18,474 14,507

13,987

13,890 14,163 14,557 15,071 15,205 15,201

37,794

41,529 43,169

44,378

47,849 48,726 50,937 52,654 65,245 70,889

16,761

18,762 19,433

20,290

22,263 23,636 25,126 26,748 32,061 34,374

32,716

38,210 37,774

38,326

40,300 41,544 45,806 47,501 53,210 59,237

17,052 18,743 19,996

20,836

22,028 23,853 25,167 26,293 29,539 31,413

17,216

18,704 18,335

20,184

22,576 24,104 27,450 29,569 34,643 38,161

16,057

19,858 22,760

22,052

21,950 21,925 23,580 23,921 25,042 27,187

8,169

8,815 5,316

6,459

5,826 5,653 6,605 6,507 6,372 5,677

253,732

281,795 283,243

300,764

343,215 334,404 362,012 395,170 495,239 546,343

RM ( Juta/Million )

2004 e

42,611

56,679

141,172

13,833

15,199

58,613

29,626

50,398

27,840

32,109

24,625

6,396

450,152

23


2000 - 2006, MALAYSIA

Table 1.10 : Gross Domestic Product by Kind of Economic Activity at Current 2000 Prices, 2000 - 2006, Malaysia

Tahun/Year 2000 2001 2002

Pertanian

30,647 28,245 34,432

Agriculture

Perlombongan dan Kuari 37,617 33,945 34,169


Pembuatan 109,998 103,434 112,076

Manufacturing

Utiliti 10,629 11,281 11,970

Utilities

Pembinaan 13,971 14,241 14,673

Construction

Perdagangan Borong dan Runcit, Hotel dan Restoran 47,934 49,201 51,326


Pengangkutan, Penyimpanan dan Komunikasi 24,898 26,488 28,197


Kewangan, Insurans, Hartanah dan Perkhidmatan Perniagaan 48,287 50,987 55,828


Perkhidmatan-perkhidmatan Lain 21,324 22,594 23,810

Other Services

Perkhidmatan Kerajaan 22,576 24,104 27,450

Government Services

Tolak : FISIM yang tidak diagihkan 17,308 17,594 17,324

Less : Undistributed FISIM

Campur : Duti Import 5,826 5,653 6,605


Keluaran Dalam Negeri Kasar (KDNK) pada Harga Pembeli 356,401 352,579 383,213


24

25


2000 - 2006, MALAYSIA (samb.)

Table 1.10 : Gross Domestic Product by Kind of Economic Activity at Current 2000 Prices , 2000 - 2006, Malaysia (cont’d.)

Tahun/Year 2003 2004 e 2005 p 2006 p

Pertanian

38,971

43,949 43,361 49,865

Agriculture

Perlombongan dan Kuari

41,918

56,881

73,817

84,544


Pembuatan 125,352 144,007 154,740 170,559

Manufacturing

Utiliti 12,607 13,711 14,307 15,385

Utilities

Pembinaan 15,200 15,458 15,474 15,471

Construction








Other Services


Government Services

Tolak : FISIM yang tidak diagihkan 17,374 17,531 17,314 18,062






RM ( Juta/Million )

JADUAL 1.11 : KELUARAN DALAM NEGERI KASAR MENGIKUT JENIS PERBELANJAAN PADA HARGA MALAR 1987, 1987 - 2006, MALAYSIA Table 1.11: Gross Domestic Product by Type of Expenditure at Constant 1987 Prices, 1987 - 2006, Malaysia

Tahun/Year 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991


Final Consumption Expenditure 51,123 56,604 62,902 69,573 76,250

a) Kerajaan

12,060

12,947

13,429

14,219 15,889

Government

b) Persendirian

39,063

43,657

49,473

55,354 60,361

Private

2. Perubahan Stok 812 1,513 748 -697 1,657

Changes in Stocks

3. Pembentukan Modal Tetap Kasar

17,904

22,059

28,240

35,886 43,912


4. Eksport Barang dan Perkhidmatan

50,998

56,556

65,149

76,758 88,863


5. Import Barang dan Perkhidmatan

39,752

47,589

59,820

75,544 94,588


6. KDNK pada Harga Pembeli

81,085

89,143

97,219

105,977 116,093




8. Pendapatan Negara Kasar (PNK)

76,104

84,729

92,091

101,657 110,443


9. Penduduk ('000)

16,774

17,219

17,662

18,102 18,547

Population

10. PNK Per Kapita (RM) 4,537 4,921 5,214 5,616 5,955

GNI Per Capita (RM)

26

RM ( Juta/Million )

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

79,843 85,198 92,922 102,663 108,442 113,402 102,090 107,862 119,238 125,637

16,673

18,078 19,500 20,682 20,833 22,017 20,059 23,485 23,868 28,007

63,170

67,120 73,422 81,981 87,609 91,385 82,031 84,377 95,370 97,630

-1,612 446 1,486 90 -1,900 -276 -233 1,254 3,384 -1,279

48,738

57,413 66,668 81,895 88,624 96,744 55,177 51,568 64,840 63,050

100,056

111,605 136,054 161,856 176,792 186,499 187,415 212,085 246,158 227,685

100,617

115,745 145,417 179,878 188,666 199,655 162,212 179,347 223,062 203,866

126,408

138,916 151,713 166,625 183,292 196,714 182,237 193,422 210,557 211,227

-8,184 -8,799 -9,824 -11,422 -13,188 -14,416 -9,451 -13,628 -19,271 -17,642

118,224

130,118 141,890 155,204 170,104 182,298 172,787 179,794 191,287 193,585

19,043

19,564 20,112 20,689 21,169 21,666 22,180 22,714 23,495 24,013

6,208 6,651 7,055 7,502 8,036 8,414 7,790 7,916 8,142 8,062

27

JADUAL 1.11 : KELUARAN DALAM NEGERI KASAR MENGIKUT JENIS PERBELANJAAN PADA HARGA MALAR 1987, 1987 - 2006, MALAYSIA (samb.) Table 1.11 : Gross Domestic Product by Type of Expenditure at Constant 1987 Prices, 1987 - 2006, Malaysia (cont'd.)

Tahun/Year 2002 2003 2004 e 2005 p 2006 p


Final Consumption Expenditure 132,872 143,198 156,739 169,792 182,068

a) Kerajaan 30,926 34,440 36,558 38,526 41,566

Government

b) Persendirian 101,946 108,722 120,181 131,266 140,502

Private

2. Perubahan Stok 3,200 -1,094 5,823 -838 -2,043

Changes in Stocks









7. Bayaran Pendapatan Faktor Bersih dari Luar Negeri -17,253 -15,204 -15,870 -15,965 ..


8. Pendapatan Negara Kasar (PNK) 203,169 217,292 233,443 246,210 ..


9. Penduduk ('000) 24,527 25,048 25,581 26,128 26,640

Population

10. PNK Per Kapita (RM) 8,284 8,675 9,126 9,423 ..

GNI Per Capita (RM)

28

JADUAL 1.12 : KELUARAN DALAM NEGERI KASAR MENGIKUT JENIS PERBELANJAAN PADA HARGA MALAR 2000, 2000 - 2006, MALAYSIA Table 1.12 : Gross Domestic Product by Type of Expenditure at Constant 2000 Prices , 2000 - 2006, Malaysia

Tahun/Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 e 2006 p


Final Consumption Expenditure 192,170 202,580 213,785 231,362 253,025 273,764 291,899

a) Kerajaan 36,229 41,918 46,902 50,939 54,832 58,329 61,258

Government

b) Persendirian 155,941 160,662 166,883 180,423 198,193 215,435 230,641

Private

2. Perubahan Stok 5,615 -1,450 4,907 966 4,052 -1,651 -1,108

Changes in Stocks

3. Pembentukan Modal Tetap Kasar 90,141 88,282 88,792 91,317 94,562 99,266 107,116


4. Eksport Barang dan Perkhidmatan 427,003 397,838 419,430 440,963 511,774 552,094 592,898


5. Import Barang dan Perkhidmatan 358,529 329,004 349,356 365,195 436,906 475,655 516,412


6. KDNK pada Harga Pembeli 356,401 358,246 377,559 399,414 426,508 447,818 474,392


7. Bayaran Pendapatan Faktor Bersih dari Luar Negeri -28,909 -26,506 -25,888 -22,605 -23,670 -24,139 -20,567


8. Pendapatan Negara Kasar (PNK) 327,492 331,740 351,671 376,809 402,838 423,679 453,825


9. Penduduk ('000) 23,495 24,013 24,527 25,048 25,581 26,128 26,640

Population

10. PNK Per Kapita (RM) 13,939 13,815 14,338 15,043 15,748 16,216 17,035

GNI Per Capita (RM)

RM ( Juta/Million )

29

JADUAL 1.13 : KELUARAN DALAM NEGERI KASAR MENGIKUT JENIS AKTIVITI EKONOMI PADA HARGA MALAR 1987,

1987 - 2006, MALAYSIA

Table 1.13 : Gross Domestic Product by Kind of Economic Activity at Constant 1987 Prices, 1987 - 2006, Malaysia

Tahun/Year 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991


16,185

16,624

17,415

17,308

17,292

Agriculture, Livestock, Forestry dan Fishing


10,235

11,309

9,955

9,968

10,432


Pembuatan

16,058

18,786

22,604

26,060

29,708

Manufacturing

Elektrik, Gas dan Air

2,129

2,357

2,671

2,833

2,838


Pembinaan

2,818

2,853

3,163

3,750

4,333

Construction

Perdagangan Borong dan Runcit, Hotel dan Restoran

8,720

10,255

12,054

14,019

16,277


Pengangkutan, Penyimpanan dan Komunikasi

5,267

5,708

6,348

7,124

7,777


Kewangan, Insurans, Hartanah dan Perkhidmatan Perniagaan

6,239

6,522

7,674

8,694

10,033


Perkhidmatan-perkhidmatan Lain

5,526

6,248

6,818

7,631

8,596

Other Services

Perkhidmatan Kerajaan

8,853

9,092

9,132

9,318

9,738

Government Services

Tolak : Caj Perkhidmatan Bank Tertaksir

3,261

3,469

3,924

4,681

5,551


Campur : Duti Import

2,316

2,857

3,309

3,954

4,620


Keluaran Dalam Negeri Kasar (KDNK) pada Harga Pembeli

81,085

89,143

97,219

105,977

116,093


30

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000

18,478

17,898

17,559

17,114

17,890

18,010

17,512

17,596 18,662

10,910

10,475

11,099

13,643

14,040

14,305

14,357

15,344 15,385

31,788

36,423

40,566

45,174

53,387

58,788

50,899

56,840 67,250

3,370 4,335 4,940 5,876 6,441 6,070 6,745 7,078 8,278

4,799 5,317 6,122 7,411 8,610 9,522 7,241 6,926 6,964

18,282

20,267

22,702

25,304

27,297

29,484

28,489

29,383 31,116

8,239 9,240

10,967

12,298

13,208

14,764

14,720

15,354 16,858

12,067

15,118

15,756

17,287

20,220

24,044

23,583

24,976 26,755

9,389

10,335 11,429 12,780 13,792 14,760 15,036

15,447 16,070

10,304

11,043

11,639

11,803

12,004

13,041

13,180

14,055 14,331

6,316 6,980 7,727 8,888

10,954

13,759

13,956

14,896 15,832

5,097 5,444 6,661 6,823 7,356 7,684 4,430 5,319 4,721

126,408

138,916

151,713

166,625

183,292

196,714

182,237

193,422 210,557

RM ( Juta/Million )

31

1987 - 2006, MALAYSIA (samb.) Table 1.13 : Gross Domestic Product by Kind of Economic Activity at Constant 1987 Prices, 1987 - 2006, Malaysia (cont'd.)

Tahun/Year 2001 2002 2003 2004 e 2005 p 2006 p


18,551

19,064

20,109

21,107

21,626

23,009



15,160

15,810

16,720

17,372

17,504

17,465


Pembuatan

63,299

66,019

71,691

78,742

82,724

88,542

Manufacturing


8,568 9,075 9,594

10,297

10,873

11,402


Pembinaan

7,108 7,251 7,359 7,248 7,133 7,097

Construction


31,907

32,732

33,235

35,626

38,459

40,726


Pengangkutan, Penyimpanan dan Komunikasi

18,249

18,996

20,011

21,701

23,045

24,491


Kewangan, Insurans, Hartanah dan Perkhidmatan Perniagaan

29,288

33,461

35,563

38,064

40,245

43,105


Perkhidmatan-perkhidmatan Lain

17,185

17,917

18,500

19,399

20,346

21,259

Other Services

Perkhidmatan Kerajaan

14,997

15,786

17,053

18,223

19,604

21,486

Government Services

Tolak : Caj Perkhidmatan Bank Tertaksir

17,678

21,073

22,622

23,461

24,296

25,215


Campur : Duti Import

4,594 5,384 5,282 4,995 4,912 4,306


Keluaran Dalam Negeri Kasar (KDNK) pada Harga Pembeli

211,227

220,422

232,496

249,314

262,175

277,673



32

JADUAL 1.14 : KELUARAN DALAM NEGERI KASAR MENGIKUT JENIS AKTIVITI EKONOMI PADA HARGA MALAR 2000, 2000 - 2006, MALAYSIA Table 1.14 : Gross Domestic Product by Kind of Economic Activity at Constant 2000 Prices, 2000 - 2006, Malaysia

Tahun/Year 2000 2001 2002 2003


30,647 30,594 31,471 33,369


Perlombongan dan Kuari 37,617 36,980 38,610 40,959


Pembuatan 109,998 105,301 109,640 119,687

Manufacturing

Utiliti 10,629 11,062 11,759 12,282

Utilities

Pembinaan 13,971 14,427 14,762 15,031

Construction








Other Services


Government Services

Tolak : FISIM yang tidak diagihkan 17,308 17,505 17,018 17,654






RM ( Juta/Million )

33


Table 1.14 : Gross Domestic Product by Kind of Economic Activity at Constant 2000 Prices, 2000 - 2006, Malaysia (cont'd.)

RM ( Juta/Million )

Tahun/Year 2004 2005 e 2006 p


34,929 35,822 37,672


Perlombongan dan Kuari 42,627 42,076 41,914


Pembuatan 131,127 138,014 147,756

Manufacturing

Utiliti 13,100 13,833 14,554

Utilities

Pembinaan 14,903 14,637 14,559

Construction

Perdagangan Borong dan Runcit, Hotel dan Restoran 56,441 61,022 65,220


Pengangkutan, Penyimpanan dan Komunikasi 30,973 32,835 34,815


Kewangan, Insurans, Hartanah dan Perkhidmatan Perniagaan 60,775 64,734 70,167


Perkhidmatan-perkhidmatan Lain 24,996 26,062 27,296

Other Services

Perkhidmatan Kerajaan 28,243 30,507 33,498

Government Services

Tolak : FISIM yang tidak diagihkan 17,705 17,742 18,347


Campur : Duti Import 6,099 6,017 5,287


Keluaran Dalam Negeri Kasar (KDNK) pada Harga Pembeli 426,508 447,818 474,392



34

AKAUN PENGAGIHAN DAN PENGGUNAAN PENDAPATAN DAN AKAUN MODAL

Nota Keterangan

1. Penyusunan akaun ini adalah bertujuan untuk menyediakan satu rangka kerja

untuk persembahan data ekonomi dengan mengambil kira interaksi pelbagai jenis

unit institusi, rangka kerja penganalisisan komponen ekonomi serta hubung kait di

antara komponen tersebut.

2. Anggaran penyusunan adalah berasaskan kepada konsep dan metodologi yang

digariskan di dalam penerbitan Pertubuhan Bangsa-Bangsa Bersatu bertajuk “A

System of National Accounts 1993”. Semua statistik akaun pengagihan dan

penggunaan pendapatan dan akaun modal yang diterbitkan adalah pada harga

semasa.

3. Beberapa indikator makroekonomi seperti pampasan pekerja, lebihan kendalian,

pendapatan campuran, pendapatan boleh guna dan tabungan telah dipilih daripada

akaun bagi tujuan penerbitan ini.

4. Pampasan pekerja adalah segala ganjaran, berbentuk tunai atau bukan berbentuk

wang, yang mesti dibayar oleh sesebuah enterpris kepada pekerja atas kerja yang

telah dijalankan di dalam tempoh perakaunan.

5. Lebihan kendalian adalah bersamaan nilai ditambah tolak pampasan pekerja yang

mesti dibayar dan cukai ke atas pengeluaran yang mesti dibayar campur subsidi

yang akan diterima. Ia mengukur lebihan atau defisit akibat daripada pengeluaran

sebelum mengambil kira faedah, sewa atau caj yang serupa yang mesti dibayar bagi

aset kewangan atau aset ketara bukan pengeluaran yang dipinjam atau disewa

oleh enterpris, atau faedah, sewa atau terimaan yang serupa yang akan diterima

terhadap aset kewangan atau aset ketara bukan pengeluaran yang dimiliki oleh

enterpris.

35

6. Pendapatan campuran ialah satu konsep baru yang diperkenalkan di dalam SNA

1993. Pendapatan campuran mengandungi elemen ganjaran yang tidak diketahui

bagi kerja yang dijalankan oleh pemilik enterpris atau ahli isi rumah lain, serta

lebihan kendalian hasil daripada pengeluaran.

7. Pendapatan boleh guna adalah bersamaan dengan imbangan pendapatan primer

campur semua pindahan semasa, kecuali pindahan sosial bukan berbentuk wang

yang akan diterima tolak semua pindahan semasa, kecuali pindahan sosial bukan

berbentuk wang yang mesti dibayar. Ini adalah pendapatan yang boleh digunakan

untuk perbelanjaan penggunaan akhir dan tabungan.

8. Tabungan ialah pendapatan boleh guna tolak perbelanjaan penggunaan akhir

(atau pendapatan boleh guna terlaras tolak penggunaan akhir sebenar), dalam

kedua-dua keadaan, setelah mengambil kira kesan pelarasan bagi dana pencen;

tabungan merupakan agregat penting yang dapat dikira bagi setiap sektor institusi

atau kepada ekonomi.

36

DISTRIBUTION AND USE OF INCOME ACCOUNTS AND CAPITAL ACCOUNT

Explanatory Notes

1. The compilation of accounts provides a framework for the presentation of economic

data taking into account the interaction of the various types of institutional units,

framework for the analysis of the components of the economy and the

interrelationships of these components.

2. The estimates of the compilation are based on the concepts and methodology

outlined in the United Nations' publication entitled ”A System of National Accounts

1993”. All published distribution and use of income accounts and capital account

statistics are in current prices.

3. A few macroeconomic indicators such as compensation of employees, operating

surplus, mixed income, disposable income and saving are selected for the purpose

of this publication.

4. Compensation of employees is the remuneration, in cash or in kind, payable by

an enterprise to an employee in return for work done by the latter during the

accounting period.

5. Operating surplus is equal to value added less compensation of employees

payable and taxes on production payable plus subsidies receivable. It measures the

surplus or deficit accruing from production before taking into account any interest,

rent or similar charges payable on financial or tangible non-produced assets

borrowed or rented by the enterprise, or any interest, rent or similar receipts

receivable on financial or tangible non-produced assets owned by the enterprise.

37

6. Mixed income is a new concept introduced in the SNA 1993. Mixed income

contains an unknown element of remuneration for work done by the owner of the

enterprise, or other members of the household, as well as operating surplus

accruing from production.

7. Disposable income is equal to the balance of primary incomes (GNI) plus all

current transfers, except social transfers in kind receivable minus all current

transfers, except social transfers in kind payable. This is the income which can be

used for final consumption expenditure and saving.

8. Saving is disposable income less final consumption expenditure (or adjusted

disposable income less actual final consumption), in both cases after taking account

of an adjustment for pension funds; saving is an important aggregate which can be

calculated for each institutional sector or for the economy.

38

JADUAL 1.15 : INDIKATOR MAKROEKONOMI TERPILIH MENGIKUT SEKTOR INSTITUSI, 1999 - 2004, MALAYSIA

Table 1.15 : Selected Macroeconomic Indicators by Institutional Sectors, 1999 - 2004, Malaysia

PERBADANAN BUKAN KEWANGAN / NON-FINANCIAL CORPORATIONS

RM (Juta/ Million)

Tahun Pampasan Pekerja Lebihan kendalian Pendapatan Boleh Tabungan

Year Compensation of Operating Surplus Guna Saving

employees Disposable income

1999 51,447 139,908

90,515 90,515

2000 58,069 163,566

104,501 104,501

2001 68,075 136,071

69,071 69,071

2002 62,273 166,108

96,596 96,596

2003 67,475 178,944

101,301 101,301

2004 69,441 221,502 133,887 133,887

PERBADANAN KEWANGAN / FINANCIAL CORPORATIONS

RM (Juta/ Million)

Tahun Pampasan Pekerja Lebihan kendalian

Pendapatan Boleh Tabungan

Year Compensation of Operating Surplus

Guna Saving

employees

Disposable income

1999 6,403 17,039

31,450 11,592

2000 7,199 22,904

29,443 12,744

2001 7,819 21,973

29,351 23,890

2002 8,090 22,984

33,735 17,194

2003 7,979 26,910

39,373 21,011

2004 9,337 26,086 41,034 21,931

KERAJAAN AM / GENERAL GOVERNMENT

RM (Juta/ Million)

Tahun Pampasan Pekerja Lebihan kendalian

Pendapatan Boleh Tabungan

Year Compensation of Operating Surplus

Guna Saving

employees

Disposable income

1999 22,603 385

45,628 13,596

2000 25,363 305

44,433 9,361

2001 26,953 425

57,617 15,300

2002 31,077 328

53,123 3,433

2003 32,777 453

65,796 13,044

2004 36,397 350 68,232 9,507

ISI RUMAH & INSTITUSI BUKAN UNTUNG YANG BERKHIDMAT UNTUK ISI RUMAH / HOUSEHOLDS & NON PROFIT INSTITUTIONS SERVING HOUSEHOLDS

Tahun Pampasan Pekerja Lebihan kendalian Pendapatan Pendapatan Boleh Tabungan

Year Compensation of Operating Surplus campuran Guna Saving

employees Mixed income Disposable income

1999 4,277 12,356 39,134 121,937 1,130

2000 4,958 14,296 37,212 140,889 2,430

2001 5,318 27,091 33,407 160,357 938

2002 4,242 13,511 43,270 155,191 1,511

2003 4,476 20,701 49,943 176,508 2,892

2004 3,675 50,252 43,652 206,212 2,444

RM (Juta/ Million)

39

41

IMBANGAN PEMBAYARAN

Nota Keterangan

1. Anggaran imbangan pembayaran Malaysia memaparkan prestasi ekonomi

Malaysia berbanding negara-negara lain dari segi magnitud dan jenis transaksi

dalam Akaun Semasa, Akaun Modal dan Akaun Kewangan. Secara khusus, Akaun

Semasa memaparkan ringkasan perangkaan tentang transaksi yang berlaku pada

komponen barangan, perkhidmatan, pendapatan dan pindahan semasa negara

yang mana ia menggambarkan pendapatan dan perbelanjaan bagi Malaysia dari

segi tukaran asing pada tempoh di bawah kajian.

2. Anggaran tersebut juga menunjukkan sama ada Negara mempunyai peruntukan

bersih dari segi sumber kepada atau daripada Negara lain di dunia, yang mana

mencerminkan tuntutan bersih atau liabiliti kepada negara lain di dunia.

3. Perangkaan bagi tahun 1947 dan 1948 yang merujuk kepada Malayan Union /

Persekutuan Tanah Melayu dan Singapura bersumberkan data daripada “The

National Income of Malaya, 1947 - 1949” oleh Dr. Frederic Benham.

4. Bagi tahun 1949 sehingga 1953, perangkaan yang disusun meliputi Persekutuan

Tanah Melayu dan Singapura, yang mana datanya dipetik daripada laporan, “The

Economic Development of Malaya” yang disusun oleh International Bank for

Reconstruction and Development (IBRD - September, 1955).

5. Anggaran bagi tahun 1954 tidak diperoleh. Bagi tempoh 1955 hingga 1960,

perangkaan yang disusun hanya merujuk kepada Persekutuan Tanah Melayu

sahaja, yang mana sumbernya ialah “National Accounts of the Federation of

Malaya 1955 - 1960 Reports”.

42

6. Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia mula menyusun perangkaan Imbangan Pembayaran

mulai tahun 1961. Bagi tempoh tersebut hingga 1962, ia merujuk kepada

Persekutuan Tanah Melayu, British North Borneo (Sabah) dan Sarawak. Mulai

tahun 1963, perangkaan yang disusun merujuk kepada Malaysia (tidak termasuk

Singapura bagi tahun 1963 - 1965).

7. Perangkaan yang disusun bagi tempoh 1969 hingga 1973 adalah mengikut garis

panduan pada Manual Imbangan Pembayaran, Edisi Ketiga (BPM3), Tabung

Kewangan Antarabangsa. Manakala bagi siri 1974 hingga 1998, ia disusun

mengikut garis panduan Edisi Keempat manual (BPM4) berkenaan.

8. Mulai tahun 1999, data siri masa telah disusun mengikut garis panduan Manual

Imbangan Pembayaran, Edisi Kelima (BPM5), Tabung Kewangan Antarabangsa

(IMF).

9. Bagi tempoh 1947 - 1953, nilai import dinilai berasaskan cost including freight and

insurance (c.i.f), manakala bagi tahun 1955 dan seterusnya, ia dinilai berasaskan

free on board (f.o.b).

BALANCE OF PAYMENTS

Explanatory Notes

1. Malaysia’s balance of payments estimates provide information on Malaysia’s

economic performance vis-à-vis the rest of the world in terms of the magnitude and

types of transactions in Current Account and also in Capital and Financial Account

flows. In particular, the Current Account position summarises the country’s

transactions in goods, services, income and current transfer which presents an

overall view of Malaysia’s earnings and spending in terms of foreign exchange for

the period under review.

2. The estimates also indicate as to whether the country has net provision of

resources to or from the rest of the world, which in turn is reflected by net claims on

or liabilities to the rest of the world.

3. In the year 1947 and 1948, the data pertain to the Malayan Union / Federation of

Malaya and Singapore which obtained from “The National Income of Malaya, 1947

- 1949” by Dr. Frederic Benham.

4. Data for the period 1949 to 1953 refer to the Federation of Malaya and Singapore

and were extracted from the report “The Economic Development of Malaya”

compiled by the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, (IBRD -

September, 1955).

5. The estimates for 1954 were not available. For the years 1955 to 1960, the data

refer only to the Federation of Malaya and were extracted from the “National

Accounts of the Federation of Malaya 1955 - 1960 Reports”.

6. The Department of Statistics, Malaysia commenced the compilation for the year

1961. For the years 1961 until 1962, the data refer to the Federation of Malaya,

British North Borneo (Sabah) and Sarawak. From the year 1963 onwards, the data

pertain to Malaysia (excluding Singapore for the years 1963 - 1965).

43

7. Data series from 1969 to 1973 were compiled based on the International Monetary

Fund, Balance of Payments Manual, Third Edition (BPM3) while data series from

1974 to 1998 were compiled based on the Fourth Edition of the manual.

8. Data series from 1999 onwards were compiled based on the Fifth Edition Balance

of Payments Manual (BPM5), International Monetary Fund (IMF).

9. For years 1947 – 1953, the imports were valued at c.i.f., while for year 1955 and

thereafter, the imports were valued at f.o.b.

44

JADUAL 2.1 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA IMBANGAN PEMBAYARAN, 1947 - 1998, MALAYSIA Table 2.1 : Principal Statistics of Balance of Payments, 1947 - 1998, Malaysia RM ( Juta / Million )

Item 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951

1. Barangan f.o.b. (Bersih) -90 -96 -129 1,101 1,321

Goods f.o.b. (Net) a. Eksport 1,295 1,731 1,722 4,016 6,076

Exports b. Import 1,385 1,827 1,851 2,915 4,755

Imports 2. Perkhidmatan (Bersih) 265 181 22 -335 -399

Services (Net) a. Tambang dan Insurans 41 55 .. .. .. Freight and Insurance b. Pengangkutan Lain 32 40 .. .. .. Other Transportation c. Perjalanan dan Pelajaran -50 -57 .. .. .. Travel and Education d. Pendapatan Pelaburan -20 -39 -143 -570 -667

Investment Income e. Urus Niaga Kerajaan Tidak Terkelas di Tempat Lain 171 150 160 220 270

Government Transactions n.i.e f. Perkhidmatan Lain 91 32 5 15 -2

Other Services 3. Pindahan (Bersih) -68 -59 -15 -82 -208

Unrequited Transfers (Net)

4. Imbangan Akaun Semasa [ 1+2+3 ] 107 26 -122 684 714

Balance on Current Account [ 1+2+3 ]

5. Modal (Bersih) .. .. 68 22 48

Capital (Net) a. Modal Jangka Panjang Persendirian .. .. .. .. .. Private Long-term Capital b. Modal Jangka Panjang Rasmi .. .. 68 22 48

Official Long-term Capital

6. Imbangan Asas [ 4+5 ] 107 26 -54 706 762

Basic Balance [ 4+5 ]

7. Modal Jangka Pendek Persendirian .. .. .. .. .. Private Short-term Capital 8. Kesilapan dan Ketinggalan (Bersih) -150 -70 105 (*) -145 (*) -65 (*) Errors and Omissions (Net)

9. Imbangan Keseluruhan [Lebihan +/Defisit -] -43 -44 51 561 697

Overall Balance [Surplus + / Deficit -]

10. Peruntukan Hak Pengeluaran Khas dan Sumber IMF 0 0 0 0 0

Allocation of Special Drawing Rights and IMF Resources 11. Perubahan Bersih Dalam Rizab Luar Negeri Bank Negara Malaysia .. .. -51 (**) -561 (**) -697 (**) Net Change in Bank Negara Malaysia's External Reserves

45

JADUAL 2.1 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA IMBANGAN PEMBAYARAN, 1947 - 1998, MALAYSIA (samb.) Table 2.1 : Principal Statistics of Balance of Payments, 1947 - 1998, Malaysia (cont'd.)

Item 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956

1. Barangan f.o.b. (Bersih) 46 -218 .. 848 519

Goods f.o.b. (Net) a. Eksport 3,919 3,020 .. 2,367 2,258

Exports b. Import 3,873 3,238 .. 1,519 1,739

Imports 2. Perkhidmatan (Bersih) 63 180 .. -176 -116

Services (Net) a. Tambang dan Insurans .. .. .. 15 17

Freight and Insurance b. Pengangkutan Lain .. .. .. .. .. Other Transportation c. Perjalanan dan Pelajaran .. .. .. 79 117

Travel and Education d. Pendapatan Pelaburan -184 -76 .. -248 -230

Investment Income e. Urus Niaga Kerajaan Tidak Terkelas di Tempat Lain 260 260 .. 1 4

Government Transactions n.i.e f. Perkhidmatan Lain -13 -4 .. -23 -24

Other Services 3. Pindahan (Bersih) -214 -206 .. -195 -204


4. Imbangan Akaun Semasa [ 1+2+3 ] -105 -244 .. 477 199


5. Modal (Bersih) 116 63 .. 49 35

Capital (Net) a. Modal Jangka Panjang Persendirian .. .. .. 4 0

Private Long-term Capital b. Modal Jangka Panjang Rasmi 116 63 .. 45 35


6. Imbangan Asas [ 4+5 ] 11 -181 .. 526 234


7. Modal Jangka Pendek Persendirian .. .. .. -176 103

Private Short-term Capital

8. Kesilapan dan Ketinggalan (Bersih) 15 (*) 65 (*) .. -105 -171

Errors and Omissions (Net)

9. Imbangan Keseluruhan [Lebihan +/Defisit -] 26 -116 .. 245 166


10. Peruntukan Hak Pengeluaran Khas dan Sumber IMF 0 0 .. 0 0

Allocation of Special Drawing Rights and IMF Resources

11. Perubahan Bersih Dalam Rizab Luar Negeri Bank Negara Malaysia -26 (**) 116 (**) .. -245 -166

Net Change in Bank Negara Malaysia's External Reserves

46

RM ( Juta / Million )

1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966

376 244 746 797 511 337 283 272 521 553

2,174 1,874 2,462 2,915 3,208 3,232 3,296 3,346 3,752 3,808

1,798 1,630 1,716 2,118 2,697 2,895 3,013 3,074 3,231 3,255

-73 -46 -109 -262 -334 -310 -321 -326 -341 -407

18 19 20 13 -133 -145 -155 -154 -162 -165

.. .. .. .. -8 -8 -9 -15 -16 -11

123 110 116 67 -67 -70 -69 -74 -80 -78

-189 -148 -221 -278 -231 -177 -195 -230 -255 -268

0 0 2 7 145 131 150 197 225 189

-25 -27 -26 -71 -40 -41 -43 -50 -53 -74

-200 -200 -206 -210 -193 -194 -181 -74 -58 -106

103 -2 431 325 -16 -167 -219 -128 122 40

3 33 94 92 195 282 416 394 324 388

8 41 69 63 180 235 270 165 150 170

-5 -8 25 29 15 47 146 229 174 218

106 31 525 417 179 115 197 266 446 428

102 -8 -125 -21 77 12 59 0 -102 33

-211 84 -109 -29 -103 -107 -212 -204 -235 -396

-3 107 291 367 153 20 44 62 109 65

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

3 -107 -291 -367 -153 -20 -44 -62 -109 -65

47


Item 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971

1. Barangan f.o.b. (Bersih) 475 637 1,613 1,067 686


Exports b. Import 3,204 3,433 3,308 3,953 4,198

Imports 2. Perkhidmatan (Bersih) -351 -400 -702 -862 -878

Services (Net) a. Tambang dan Insurans -170 -186 -247 -304 -322

Freight and Insurance b. Pengangkutan Lain -9 -12 -14 -21 -34

Other Transportation c. Perjalanan dan Pelajaran -69 -73 -96 -105 -106

Travel and Education d. Pendapatan Pelaburan -144 -154 -334 -355 -363

Investment Income e. Urus Niaga Kerajaan Tidak Terkelas di Tempat Lain 132 125 105 68 52

Government Transactions n.i.e f. Perkhidmatan Lain -91 -100 -116 -145 -105

Other Services 3. Pindahan (Bersih) -142 -143 -180 -180 -137


4. Imbangan Akaun Semasa [ 1+2+3 ] -18 94 731 25 -329


5. Modal (Bersih) 495 245 510 319 717

Capital (Net) a. Modal Jangka Panjang Persendirian 130 93 245 287 306

Private Long-term Capital b. Modal Jangka Panjang Rasmi 365 152 265 32 411


6. Imbangan Asas [ 4+5 ] 477 339 1,241 344 388


7. Modal Jangka Pendek Persendirian 191 115 -126 -16 68


8. Kesilapan dan Ketinggalan (Bersih) -709 -277 -621 -260 -253


9. Imbangan Keseluruhan [Lebihan +/Defisit -] -41 177 494 68 203


10. Peruntukan Hak Pengeluaran Khas dan Sumber IMF 0 0 0 64 61

Allocation of Special Drawing Rights and IMF Resources 11. Perubahan Bersih Dalam Rizab Luar Negeri Bank Negara Malaysia 41 -177 -494 -132 -264


48

1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981

365 1,594 540 614 3,722 3,738 3,690 6,908 5,238 -243

4,736 7,263 10,022 9,057 13,330 14,854 16,932 24,060 28,013 26,900

4,371 5,669 9,482 8,443 9,608 11,116 13,242 17,152 22,775 27,143

-906 -1,197 -1,743 -1,722 -2,148 -2,586 -3,337 -4,858 -5,813 -5,312

-309 -420 -714 -621 -726 -883 -1,061 -1,318 -1,781 -2,008

-35 49 82 98 94 158 143 21 -56 7

-101 -94 -39 -105 -151 -196 -324 -553 -885 -672

-378 -659 -997 -727 -1,097 -1,276 -1,716 -1,991 -1,820 -1,836

25 29 43 47 36 22 5 -13 -7 7

-108 -102 -118 -414 -304 -411 -384 -1,004 -1,264 -810

-157 -151 -104 -79 -100 -78 -104 -17 -45 -78

-698 246 -1,307 -1,187 1,474 1,074 249 2,033 -620 -5,633

1,177 605 1,608 1,723 1,566 1,617 1,576 2,055 2,213 5,931

320 420 1,374 839 969 999 1,158 1,255 2,033 2,914

857 185 234 884 597 618 418 800 180 3,017

479 851 301 536 3,040 2,691 1,825 4,088 1,593 298

-15 258 366 -158 -242 -982 -145 -1,584 902 97

-75 -533 -215 -207 -744 -954 -1,055 -715 -1,493 -1,488

389 576 452 171 2,054 755 625 1,789 1,002 -1,093

60 0 0 0 265 -265 0 74 76 583

-449 -576 -452 -171 -2,319 -490 -625 -1,863 -1,078 510


49


Item 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986

1. Barangan f.o.b. (Bersih) -1,758 1,002 6,986 8,883 8,378


Exports b. Import 29,704 30,760 31,466 28,693 26,592

Imports 2. Perkhidmatan (Bersih) -6,576 -9,098 -10,813 -10,391 -8,790

Services (Net) a. Tambang dan Insurans -2,154 -2,132 -2,120 -1,852 -1,306

Freight and Insurance b. Pengangkutan Lain 154 53 -99 64 149

Other Transportation c. Perjalanan dan Pelajaran -775 -1,104 -1,249 -1,332 -1,368

Travel and Education d. Pendapatan Pelaburan -2,679 -4,208 -5,255 -5,434 -4,597

Investment Income e. Urus Niaga Kerajaan Tidak Terkelas di Tempat Lain 29 35 23 -31 -190

Government Transactions n.i.e f. Perkhidmatan Lain -1,151 -1,742 -2,113 -1,806 -1,478

Other Services 3. Pindahan (Bersih) -75 -21 -90 -14 96


4. Imbangan Akaun Semasa [ 1+2+3 ] -8,409 -8,117 -3,917 -1,522 -316


5. Modal (Bersih) 8,432 9,210 6,560 4,229 3,386

Capital (Net) a. Modal Jangka Panjang Persendirian 3,263 2,926 1,869 1,725 1,262

Private Long-term Capital b. Modal Jangka Panjang Rasmi 5,169 6,284 4,691 2,504 2,124


6. Imbangan Asas [ 4+5 ] 23 1,093 2,643 2,707 3,070


7. Modal Jangka Pendek Persendirian 326 -263 -288 870 -47

Private Short-term Capital 8. Kesilapan dan Ketinggalan (Bersih) -963 -885 -2,043 -368 1,322


9. Imbangan Keseluruhan [Lebihan +/Defisit -] -614 -55 312 3,209 4,345


10. Peruntukan Hak Pengeluaran Khas dan Sumber IMF 152 166 -125 -382 -263

Allocation of Special Drawing Rights and IMF Resources 11. Perubahan Bersih Dalam Rizab Luar Negeri Bank Negara Malaysia 462 -111 -187 -2,827 -4,082


50

1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995

14,703 14,524 10,599 7,093 1,449 8,609 8,231 4,460 97

44,733 54,607 66,818 77,458 92,220 100,910 118,383 148,506 179,491

30,030 40,083 56,219 70,365 90,771 92,301 110,152 144,046 179,394

-8,409 -10,180 -11,392 -9,723 -13,195 -14,568 -16,670 -17,005 -19,229

-1,185 -2,072 -3,027 -3,837 -4,847 -4,265 -4,890 -7,367 -9,028

45 -44 -5 -25 -10 -355 -196 441 737

-1,327 -1,403 -891 632 547 657 906 3,603 4,143

-4,824 -5,019 -5,935 -5,072 -6,735 -7,920 -8,174 -9,448 -10,338

-193 -217 -261 -3 -55 54 -72 -36 -23

-925 -1,425 -1,273 -1,418 -2,095 -2,739 -4,244 -4,198 -4,720

348 395 219 147 102 337 513 -2,225 -2,515

6,642 4,739 -574 -2,483 -11,644 -5,622 -7,926 -14,770 -21,647

-1,405 -3,218 2,702 3,473 10,331 10,328 13,864 11,659 16,611

1,065 1,884 4,518 6,309 10,996 13,204 12,885 10,798 10,464

-2,470 -5,102 -1,816 -2,836 -665 -2,876 979 861 6,147

5,237 1,521 2,128 990 -1,313 4,706 5,938 -3,111 -5,036

-2,491 -2,914 1,562 1,356 5,135 11,957 13,931 -8,484 2,529

147 289 -358 3,015 -395 81 9,370 3,333 -1,896

2,893 -1,104 3,332 5,361 3,427 16,744 29,239 -8,262 -4,403

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

-2,893 1,104 -3,332 -5,361 -3,427 -16,744 -29,239 8,262 4,403


51


Item 1996 1997 1998

1. Barangan f.o.b. (Bersih) 10,088 10,274 69,216

Goods f.o.b. (Net) a. Eksport 193,363 217,713 281,669

Exports b. Import 183,275 207,439 212,453

Imports 2. Perkhidmatan (Bersih) -18,371 -22,795 -22,239

Services (Net) a. Tambang dan Insurans -8,203 -9,080 -8,448

Freight and Insurance b. Pengangkutan Lain 1,725 1,670 1,720

Other Transportation c. Perjalanan dan Pelajaran 4,801 3,237 2,338

Travel and Education d. Pendapatan Pelaburan -11,629 -14,639 -14,817

Investment Income e. Urus Niaga Kerajaan Tidak Terkelas di Tempat Lain -27 -137 -229

Government Transactions n.i.e f. Perkhidmatan Lain -5,038 -3,846 -2,803

Other Services 3. Pindahan (Bersih) -2,943 -4,176 -9,583


4. Imbangan Akaun Semasa [ 1+2+3 ] -11,226 -16,697 37,394


5. Modal (Bersih) 13,525 19,095 10,627

Capital (Net) a. Modal Jangka Panjang Persendirian 12,777 14,450 8,490

Private Long-term Capital b. Modal Jangka Panjang Rasmi 748 4,645 2,137


6. Imbangan Asas [ 4+5 ] 2,299 2,398 48,021


7. Modal Jangka Pendek Persendirian 10,317 -12,913 -20,633


8. Kesilapan dan Ketinggalan (Bersih) -6,371 -377 12,913


9. Imbangan Keseluruhan [Lebihan +/Defisit -] 6,245 -10,892 40,301


10. Peruntukan Hak Pengeluaran Khas dan Sumber IMF 0 0 0

Allocation of Special Drawing Rights and IMF Resources

11. Perubahan Bersih Dalam Rizab Luar Negeri Bank Negara Malaysia -6,245 10,892 -40,301



52

JADUAL 2.2 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA IMBANGAN PEMBAYARAN, 1999 - 2006, MALAYSIA Table 2.2 : Principal Statistics of Balance of Payments, 1999 - 2006, Malaysia

Item 1999 2000 2001 2002

1. Barangan f.o.b. (Bersih) 86,049 79,144 69,854 72,117

Goods f.o.b. (Net) a. Eksport 319,568 374,033 334,326 358,504

Exports b. Import 233,519 294,889 264,472 286,387

Imports 2. Perkhidmatan (Bersih) -10,701 -10,670 -8,366 -5,996

Services (Net) a. Pengangkutan -8,464 -11,736 -11,352 -11,572

Transportation b. Perjalanan dan Pelajaran 6,135 11,158 16,148 17,102

Travel and Education c. Perkhidmatan Lain -8,395 -10,030 -13,187 -11,242

Other Services d. Urus Niaga Kerajaan Tidak Terkelas di Tempat Lain 23 -62 25 -284

Government Transactions n.i.e 3. Pendapatan (Bersih) -20,886 -28,909 -25,623 -25,061

Income (Net) a. Pampasan Pekerja -611 -975 -1,014 -1,179

Compensation of employees b. Pendapatan Pelaburan -20,275 -27,934 -24,609 -23,882

Investment Income 4. Pindahan Semasa (Bersih) -6,567 -7,313 -8,178 -10,566

Current Transfers (Net)

5. Imbangan Akaun Semasa [ 1+2+3 ] 47,895 32,252 27,687 30,494


6. Akaun Modal (Bersih) 0 0 0 0

Capital Account (Net) a. Pindahan Modal 0 0 0 0

Capital Transfer b. Aset Bukan Kewangan Bukan Pengeluaran 0 0 0 0

Non-produced Non-financial Assets

7. Akaun Kewangan -25,152 -23,848 -14,791 -11,941

Financial Account a. Pelaburan Langsung 9,397 6,694 1,091 4,935

Direct Investment b. Pelaburan Portfolio -4,392 -9,395 -2,466 -6,506

Portfolio Investment c. Pelaburan Lain -30,157 -21,147 -13,416 -10,370

Other Investment 8. Kesilapan dan Ketinggalan (Bersih) -4,924 -16,580 -8,378 -3,958


9. Imbangan Keseluruhan [Lebihan +/Defisit -] 17,819 -8,176 4,518 14,595


10. Aset Rizab -17,819 8,176 -4,518 -14,595

Reserve Assets a. Sumber IMF 0 0 0 0

IMF Resource b. Perubahan Bersih dalam Rizab Luar Negeri Bank Negara Malaysia -17,819 8,176 -4,518 -14,595

Net change in Bank Negara Malaysia's External Reserves


53

JADUAL 2.2 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA IMBANGAN PEMBAYARAN, 1999 - 2006, MALAYSIA (samb.) Table 2.2 : Principal Statistics of Balance of Payments, 1999 - 2006, Malaysia (cont'd) RM ( Juta / Million )

Item 2003 2004r

2005 r 2006 r

1. Barangan f.o.b. (Bersih) 97,762 104,774 125,562 134,558

Goods f.o.b. (Net) a. Eksport 397,969 481,903 536,955 589,743

Exports b. Import 300,207 377,129 411,393 455,185

Imports 2. Perkhidmatan (Bersih) -15,300 -8,199 -9,010 -6,931

Services (Net) a. Pengangkutan -13,486 -17,545 -16,433 -19,620

Transportation b. Perjalanan dan Pelajaran 11,523 19,096 19,449 23,501

Travel and Education c. Perkhidmatan Lain -13,011 -9,029 -11,676 -10,378

Other Services d. Urus Niaga Kerajaan Tidak Terkelas di Tempat Lain -327 -721 -350 -433

Government Transactions n.i.e 3. Pendapatan (Bersih) -22,537 -24,402 -23,908 -17,356

Income (Net) a. Pampasan Pekerja -960 -995 -482 -283

Compensation of employees b. Pendapatan Pelaburan -21,577 -23,408 -23,426 -17,073

Investment Income 4. Pindahan Semasa (Bersih) -9,300 -14,871 -16,963 -16,852

Current Transfers (Net)

5. Imbangan Akaun Semasa [ 1+2+3 ] 50,625 57,302 75,681 93,419


6. Akaun Modal (Bersih) 0 0 0 0

Capital Account (Net) a. Pindahan Modal 0 0 0 0

Capital Transfer b. Aset Bukan Kewangan Bukan Pengeluaran 0 0 0 0

Non-produced Non-financial Assets

7. Akaun Kewangan -12,146 19,347 -37,019 -43,488

Financial Account a. Pelaburan Langsung 4,194 9,739 3,771 22

Direct Investment b. Pelaburan Portfolio 4,168 32,994 -14,156 12,911

Portfolio Investment c. Pelaburan Lain -20,508 -23,386 -26,634 -56,422

Other Investment 8. Kesilapan dan Ketinggalan (Bersih) 1,302 7,079 -25,111 -24,772


9. Imbangan Keseluruhan [Lebihan +/Defisit -] 39,781 83,728 13,550 25,158


10. Aset Rizab -39,781 -83,728 -13,550 -25,158

Reserve Assets a. Sumber IMF 0 0 0 0

IMF Resource

b. Perubahan Bersih dalam Rizab Luar Negeri Bank Negara Malaysia -39,781 -83,728 -13,550 -25,158

Net change in Bank Negara Malaysia's External Reserves

54

PERDAGANGAN LUAR NEGERI

Nota Keterangan

1. Penyusunan perangkaan perdagangan luar negeri Malaysia bertujuan untuk

membekalkan maklumat tentang prestasi perdagangan Malaysia berbanding

dengan negara-negara lain di dunia dari segi kuantiti, nilai dan nilai unit purata

barang dagangan. Dalam laporan ini, hanya nilai perdagangan luar negeri di

persembahkan.

2. Malaysia menggunakan sistem umum dalam menyusun perangkaan perdagangan

luar negeri. Di bawah sistem ini, sempadan negara digunakan sebagai sempadan

perangkaan. Semua barang yang dibawa masuk atau keluar dari negara (selain

barang yang dikecualikan) direkodkan, sama ada barang itu tertakluk kepada

kelulusan tertentu ataupun tidak. Demikian juga barang yang dibawa masuk atau

keluar dari gudang-gudang simpanan kastam, Zon Perindustrian Bebas, Zon

Komersial Bebas dan Zon Bebas direkodkan dalam perangkaan ini.

3. Barang dagangan dikelaskan mengikut Piawaian Klasifikasi Perdagangan

Antarabangsa oleh Bangsa-Bangsa Bersatu. Pengelasan jenis komoditi yang

telah digunakan sejak tahun 1947 adalah seperti berikut :-

i. 1947 sehingga 1952

‘Classified Import and Export List’

ii. 1953 sehingga 1966

‘Standard International Trade Classification’ (S.I.T.C.)

iii. 1967 sehingga 1977

‘Standard International Trade Classification, Revised’ (S.I.T.C Rev.)

iv. 1978 sehingga 1987

‘Standard International Trade Classification, Revision 2’ (S.I.T.C. Rev. 2)

v. 1988 dan seterusnya

‘Standard International Trade Classification Revision 3’ (S.I.T.C. Rev. 3)

55

4. Sistem pengelasan dan liputan yang digunakan dalam tahun 1947 hingga 1952

berbeza dari tahun 1953 dan seterusnya. Oleh itu, data mulai tahun 1953 tidak

boleh dibandingkan sepenuhnya dengan data bagi tahun 1947 hingga 1952.

5. Data bagi tahun 1947 merujuk kepada Malayan Union. Data bagi tahun 1948

sehingga 1961 merujuk kepada Persekutuan Tanah Melayu. Manakala bagi tahun

1962 sehingga tahun 1966, data merujuk kepada Semenanjung Malaysia sahaja.

Data dari tahun 1967 dan tahun selepasnya merujuk kepada Malaysia.

56

EXTERNAL TRADE

Explanatory Notes

1. The compilation of Malaysia’s external trade statistics aims to provide information

on Malaysia’s trade performance vis-à-vis the rest of the world in terms of volume,

value and average unit value of merchandise goods. In this report, only the value of

external trade is presented.

2. The general system of recording is adopted in compiling Malaysian external trade

statistics. Under this system, the national boundary of the country is used as the

statistical frontier. All goods entering or leaving the country (except specific

exclusions goods) are recorded, whether or not such goods are subject to

clearance. Accordingly, goods entering or leaving customs bonded warehouses,

Free Industrial Zones, Free Commercial Zones and Free Zones are recorded in the

statistics.

3. Commodities are classified according to the Standard International Trade

Classification of the United Nations. The commodity classifications that were in use

since 1947 are as follows :-

i. 1947 to 1952

‘Classified Import and Export List’

Ii. 1953 to 1966

‘Standard International Trade Classification’ (S.I.T.C.)

iii. 1967 to 1977

‘Standard International Trade Classification, Revised’ (S.I.T.C. Rev.)

iv. 1978 to 1987


v. 1988 onwards


4. The classification system and coverage used in 1947 to 1952 differ from that used

in 1953 and thereafter. Hence, the data as from 1953 onwards are not entirely

comparable with the data for 1947 to 1952.

5. Data for the year 1947 pertain to the Malayan Union. Data for the period 1948 to

1961 pertain to the Federation of Malaya. For the years 1962 to 1966, the data

pertain to Peninsular Malaysia only. Data as from 1967 and thereafter refer to

Malaysia. 57

59

CARTA 3.1 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA PERDAGANGAN LUAR NEGERI, 1980 - 2006, MALAYSIA

Chart 3.1: Principal Statistics of External Trade, 1980 - 2006, Malaysia

-50,000

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

350,000

400,000

450,000

500,000

550,000

600,000

650,000

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006


-50,000

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

350,000

400,000

450,000

500,000

550,000

600,000

650,000


Eksport (f.o.b.) / Exports Import (c.i.f.) / Imports Imbangan Perdagangan/Balance of Trade

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

700,000

19

80

19

81

19

82

19

83

19

84

19

85

19

86

19

87

19

88

19

89

19

90

19

91

19

92

19

93

19

94

19

95

19

96

19

97

19

98

19

99

20

00

20

01

20

02

20

03

20

04

20

05

20

06


CARTA 3.2 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA PERDAGANGAN LUAR NEGERI, EKSPORT MENGIKUT SEKSYEN BARANGAN, 1980 - 2006, MALAYSIA

Chart 3.2 : Principal Statistics of External Trade, Exports by Commodity Section, 1980-2006, Malaysia

60

1. Makanan, Minuman dan Tembakau / Food, Beverages and Tobacco 2. Bahan-bahan Mentah, Tidak Boleh Dimakan / Crude Materials, Inedible 3. Bahan Api Galian, Pelicin dan Lain-lain / Mineral Fuels, Lubricants, etc. 4. Minyak dan Lemak Binatang dan Sayur-sayuran / Animal and Vegetable Oils and Fats 5. Barang-barang Keluaran Kilang (termasuk timah) / Manufactured Goods (includes tin) 6. Jentera dan Kelengkapan Pengangkutan / Machinery and Transport Equipment 7. Bahan-bahan Kimia, Pelbagai Barang Keluaran Kilang, Pelbagai Urus Niaga dan Barangan / Chemicals,

Miscellaneous Manufactured Articles, Miscellaneous Transactions and Commodities

JADUAL 3.1 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA PERDAGANGAN LUAR NEGERI, 1947 - 2006, MALAYSIA

Table 3.1 : Principal Statistics of External Trade, 1947 - 2006, Malaysia

Tahun Eksport (f.o.b.) Import (c.i.f.) Imbangan Perdagangan

Year Exports Imports Balance of Trade

1947 834.7 624.6 210.1

1948 1,116.5 862.1 254.4

1949 1,175.8 936.4 239.4

1950 2,609.7 1,324.1 1,285.6

1951 3,379.0 1,868.5 1,510.5

1952 2,136.2 1,661.6 474.6

1953 1,599.9 1,451.4 148.5

1954 1,626.9 1,318.1 308.8

1955 2,360.0 1,542.9 817.1

1956 2,264.1 1,751.1 513.0

1957 2,182.2 1,806.7 375.5

1958 1,882.9 1,656.1 226.8

1959 2,476.0 1,739.3 736.7

1960 2,927.4 2,150.6 776.8

1961 2,626.1 2,230.5 395.6

1962 2,625.9 2,447.4 178.5

1963 2,704.6 2,516.9 187.7

1964 2,780.9 2,521.4 259.5

1965 3,782.6 3,356.2 426.4

1966 3,845.8 3,378.7 467.1

1967 3,722.8 3,319.0 403.8

1968 4,122.5 3,524.1 598.4

1969 5,051.6 3,581.9 1,469.7

1970 5,163.1 4,288.4 874.7


61

JADUAL 3.1 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA PERDAGANGAN LUAR NEGERI, 1947 - 2006, MALAYSIA (samb.)

Table 3.1 : Principal Statistics of External Trade, 1947 - 2006, Malaysia (cont'd)



1971 5,016.8 4,416.2 600.6

1972 4,854.0 4,543.2 310.8

1973 7,372.1 5,933.9 1,438.2

1974 10,194.7 9,891.2 303.5

1975 9,230.9 8,530.4 700.5

1976 13,442.0 9,713.3 3,728.7

1977 14,959.2 11,164.7 3,794.5

1978 17,073.9 13,645.9 3,428.0

1979 24,222.0 17,161.1 7,060.9

1980 28,171.6 23,451.0 4,720.6

1981 27,109.4 26,603.8 505.6

1982 28,108.2 29,023.0 -914.8

1983 32,771.2 30,795.2 1,976.0

1984 38,646.9 32,925.9 5,721.0

1985 38,016.7 30,437.8 7,578.9

1986 35,720.9 27,921.4 7,799.5

1987 45,224.9 31,933.9 13,291.0

1988 55,260.0 43,293.4 11,966.7

1989 67,824.5 60,858.1 6,966.4

1990 79,646.4 79,118.6 527.8

1991 94,496.6 100,831.1 -6,334.4

1992 103,656.7 101,440.5 2,216.2

1993 121,237.5 117,404.7 3,832.8

1994 153,921.2 155,921.0 -1,999.8 1995 184,986.5 194,344.5 -9,358.0

1996 197,026.1 197,279.8 -253.7


62

JADUAL 3.1 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA PERDAGANGAN LUAR NEGERI, 1947 - 2006, MALAYSIA (samb.)

Table 3.1 : Principal Statistics of External Trade, 1947 - 2006, Malaysia (cont'd)



1997 220,890.4 220,935.5 -45.0

1998 286,563.1 228,124.5 58,438.6

1999 321,559.5 248,476.8 73,082.7

2000 373,270.3 311,458.9 61,811.4

2001 334,283.8 280,229.1 54,054.7

2002 357,430.0 303,090.5 54,339.5

2003 397,884.4 316,537.9 81,346.5

2004 481,253.0 399,632.2 81,620.8

2005 533,787.8 434,009.9 99,777.9

2006 588,949.0 480,492.6 108,456.4


63

JADUAL 3.2 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA PERDAGANGAN LUAR NEGERI, EKSPORT MENGIKUT SEKSYEN BARANGAN,

1947 - 2006, MALAYSIA

Table 3.2 : Principal Statistics of External Trade, Exports by Commodity Section, 1947 - 2006, Malaysia

Eksport

Seksyen Barangan

Exports

Commodity Sections

1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952

0. Makanan 44.9 52.7 70.5 67.4 75.6 82.8

Food

1. Minuman dan Tembakau 2.0 2.0 1.3 1.9 1.7 3.0

Beverages and Tobacco

2. Bahan-bahan Mentah, Tidak Boleh Dimakan 601.7 795.9 759.6 2,044.5 2,770.9 1,574.7

Crude Materials, Inedible

3. Bahan Api Galian, Pelicin, dan Lain-lain 1.9 4.2 5.3 6.4 13.3 12.5

Mineral Fuels, Lubricants, etc.

4. Minyak dan Lemak Binatang dan Sayur-sayuran 32.9 57.0 77.2 88.6 111.1 87.8

Animal and Vegetable Oils and Fats

5. Bahan-bahan Kimia 2.4 3.8 4.9 9.5 8.0 8.0

Chemicals

6. Barang-barang Keluaran Kilang (termasuk timah) 122.3 150.0 173.0 304.1 348.5 325.1

Manufactured Goods (includes tin)

7. Jentera dan Kelengkapan Pengangkutan 2.6 6.8 8.5 12.0 17.5 20.3

Machinery and Transport Equipment

8. Pelbagai Barang Keluaran Kilang 23.6 42.6 72.5 70.5 25.2 15.2

Miscellaneous Manufactured Articles

9. Pelbagai Urus Niaga dan Barangan 0.4 1.5 3.0 4.8 7.2 6.8

Miscellaneous Transactions and Commodities

Jumlah 834.7 1,116.5 1,175.8 2,609.7 3,379.0 2,136.2

Total

64

Eksport Exports

1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963

81.2 90.7 93.1 98.8 95.6 89.8 91.3 102.6 108.2 117.9 112.3

1.4 0.9 0.8 0.7 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.7 1.3

1,108.2 1,158.3 1,864.1 1,628.9 1,562.8 1,368.9 1,908.3 2,100.8 1,704.2 1,626.8 1,669.7

12.2 12.8 13.9 16.4 17.0 12.1 11.2 8.0 9.2 10.9 13.2

86.4 87.2 87.1 100.1 93.6 88.1 81.6 85.1 89.5 87.5 91.2

9.9 13.1 11.8 14.6 14.8 13.6 13.4 17.1 19.1 21.4 31.9

265.0 233.8 253.7 361.0 342.5 257.1 319.1 544.0 609.8 664.5 680.8

14.2 9.6 13.7 17.6 25.5 19.2 18.0 30.8 42.4 51.0 51.8

12.6 11.7 12.2 12.2 12.8 12.3 13.3 16.1 18.1 19.9 22.1

8.9 8.8 9.5 13.7 16.6 20.9 19.0 22.3 24.9 25.3 30.6

1,599.9 1,626.9 2,360.0 2,264.1 2,182.2 1,882.9 2,476.0 2,927.4 2,626.1 2,625.9 2,704.6


65



Table 3.2 : Principal Statistics of External Trade, Exports by Commodity Section, 1947 - 2006, Malaysia (cont'd.)

Eksport

Seksyen Barangan Exports

Commodity Sections

1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969

0. Makanan 122.5 198.8 203.7 207.5 220.5 235.1

Food



2. Bahan-bahan Mentah, Tidak Boleh Dimakan 1,601.2 2,067.0 2,117.3 2,061.2 2,259.6

3,001.5







Chemicals

6. Barang-barang Keluaran Kilang (termasuk timah) 770.9 931.4 854.3 827.2 918.4

1,070.4








Jumlah 2,780.9 3,782.6 3,845.8 3,722.8 4,122.5

5,051.6

Total

66


Eksport Exports

1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975

284.0 315.9 360.8 440.9 513.7 593.1

21.7 23.4 27.7 21.3 24.4 27.7

2,777.5 2,392.2 2,249.1 4,156.7 4,515.8

3,231.4

365.6 502.5 319.5 371.5 832.9 967.1

309.8 422.8 411.5 559.6 1,370.0

1,508.5

36.4 38.7 46.4 66.7 79.8 79.4

1,182.8 1,111.8 1,217.5 1,317.6 1,966.2

1,624.3

84.1 83.6 90.9 142.0 399.4 573.0

43.4 48.5 72.3 225.7 395.9 529.3

57.8 77.4 58.3 70.1 96.6 97.1

5,163.1 5,016.8 4,854.0 7,372.1 10,194.7

9,230.9

1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

799.1 826.9 872.3

1,081.9

1,013.2

27.9 23.4 15.7 20.9 29.1

5,668.3

5,975.7

6,360.1

9,024.9

9,105.3

1,905.4

2,101.1

2,342.7

4,345.8

6,898.4

1,378.2

1,979.4

2,105.7

3,016.4

3,131.3

82.0 86.8 102.3 131.0 171.5

2,132.7

2,324.3

2,825.4

3,314.5

3,690.7

739.6

1,001.2

1,816.1

2,535.4

3,238.4

608.5 545.4 495.5 603.8 737.7

100.3 95.0 138.1 147.4 156.0

13,442.0

14,959.2

17,073.9

24,222.0

28,171.6

67




Eksport

Seksyen Barangan

Exports

Commodity Sections

1981 1982 1983 1984 1985

0. Makanan 1,134.5 1,152.5

1,272.9

1,479.8

1,662.1

Food

1. Minuman dan Tembakau 29.8 22.1

28.2

28.2

25.5


2. Bahan-bahan Mentah, Tidak Boleh Dimakan 7,710.0 7,583.2

8,261.7

8,121.2

7,248.0


3. Bahan Api Galian, Pelicin, dan Lain-lain 7,146.8 7,980.9

9,300.5

11,435.4

12,051.1


4. Minyak dan Lemak Binatang dan Sayur-sayuran 3,375.7 3,255.8

3,829.2

5,868.2

4,845.3


5. Bahan-bahan Kimia 191.9 235.8

293.9

426.7

427.6

Chemicals

6. Barang-barang Keluaran Kilang (termasuk timah) 3,281.3 2,625.9

3,035.1

2,554.7

3,095.0


7. Jentera dan Kelengkapan Pengangkutan 3,325.1 4,335.0

5,652.5

7,322.9

7,059.2


8. Pelbagai Barang Keluaran Kilang 699.8 753.8

902.3

1,196.1

1,391.4


9. Pelbagai Urus Niaga dan Barangan 214.5 163.2

194.9

213.7

211.6


Jumlah 27,109.4 28,108.2

32,771.2

38,646.9

38,016.7

Total

68


Eksport Exports

1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995

1,964.5

2,458.2 2,851.4 3,128.9

3,453.2

3,651.6 3,762.3 3,975.2 4,478.9 4,515.8

37.4

57.4 83.1 80.2

95.4

169.2 192.2 184.7 211.2 397.7

7,867.6

10,583.4 12,418.0

12,656.9

11,480.2

11,139.9 11,080.5 10,983.7 11,522.8 11,991.8

8,006.3

8,997.4 8,731.3

11,023.6

14,594.9

14,658.7 13,418.0 12,470.9 11,339.4 12,932.3

3,609.6

4,167.6 5,762.6 6,197.4

5,679.7

6,226.8 6,874.7 7,242.1 10,485.0 12,634.0

604.5

736.3 1,220.5 1,234.2

1,304.0

1,666.7 2,123.0 2,639.2 4,082.7 5,629.1

2,586.5

3,709.5 4,487.8 5,712.2

6,329.3

7,360.0 8,830.8 11,600.1 13,905.7 16,339.9

9,009.7

11,700.7 15,665.7

21,982.9

28,429.8

38,865.6 45,410.8 58,796.8 82,199.7 101,995.1

1,791.2

2,618.5 3,829.5 5,606.7

7,955.5

10,319.8 11,504.5 12,523.7 14,609.3 16,131.6

243.5

196.1 210.1 201.5

324.4

438.5 459.9 821.0 1,086.6 2,419.3

35,720.9

45,224.9 55,260.0

67,824.5

79,646.4

94,496.6

103,656.7 121,237.5 153,921.2 184,986.5

69




Eksport

Seksyen Barangan

Exports

Commodity Sections

1996 1997 1998 1999

0. Makanan 4,722.8 5,304.9 6,193.6 6,229.3

Food

1. Minuman dan Tembakau 577.0 746.8 924.9 1,046.5


2. Bahan-bahan Mentah, Tidak Boleh Dimakan 10,759.4 10,102.1 9,312.8 9,910.4


3. Bahan Api Galian, Pelicin, dan Lain-lain 15,884.8 17,943.9 17,661.6 22,480.0


4. Minyak dan Lemak Binatang dan Sayur-sayuran 11,726.8 13,000.0 21,386.1 18,280.0


5. Bahan-bahan Kimia 6,255.8 7,878.0 9,961.9 10,353.0

Chemicals

6. Barang-barang Keluaran Kilang (termasuk timah) 18,289.9 19,870.6 23,819.2 24,242.8


7. Jentera dan Kelengkapan Pengangkutan 108,929.9 123,984.1 169,701.7 200,071.5


8. Pelbagai Barang Keluaran Kilang 17,713.7 19,325.5 24,945.7 26,188.4


9. Pelbagai Urus Niaga dan Barangan 2,166.0 2,734.6 2,655.6 2,757.7


Jumlah 197,026.1 220,890.4 286,563.1 321,559.5

Total

70


Eksport Exports

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

6,581.3 7,477.0 8,424.0 10,026.4 10,737.2 11,503.3

1,307.7 1,294.6 1,492.2 1,642.8 1,706.9 1,924.0

7,564.8 8,418.1 10,152.9 12,599.6 14,453.8 17,200.1

32,288.3 30,645.3 40,231.6 55,817.5 71,023.6 80,870.7

12,342.5 17,925.6 24,226.2 26,535.7 24,603.7 27,484.1

14,318.4 16,669.5 20,549.9 27,081.4 28,871.6 32,097.0

24,114.5 24,844.9 27,981.5 37,069.4 39,218.4 48,098.1

202,827.8 215,292.0 226,077.6 262,488.3 289,816.5 309,529.7

29,171.4 30,452.8 33,637.0 41,356.4 44,450.8 49,318.6

3,767.1 4,410.2 5,111.6 6,635.6 8,905.3 10,939.7

334,283.8 357,430.0 397,884.4 481,253.0 533,787.8 588,965.5

2000

6,470.3

1,214.9

10,288.3

35,902.5

12,936.9

14,277.8

25,788.0

233,378.9

29,925.1

3,087.6

373,270.3

71

JADUAL 3.3 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA PERDAGANGAN LUAR NEGERI, IMPORT MENGIKUT SEKSYEN BARANGAN,

1947 - 2006, MALAYSIA

Table 3.3 : Principal Statistics of External Trade, Imports by Commodity Section, 1947 - 2006, Malaysia

Import

Seksyen Barangan

Imports

Commodity Sections

1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952

0. Makanan 229.1 353.4 350.2 408.4 536.0 578.3

Food



2. Bahan-bahan Mentah, Tidak Boleh Dimakan 49.2 65.8 73.6 222.6 335.2 127.9







Chemicals

6. Barang-barang Keluaran Kilang (termasuk timah) 126.2 139.2 159.4 224.0 320.5 309.6








Jumlah 624.6 862.1 936.4 1,324.1 1,868.5 1,661.6

Total

72


Import Imports

1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958

568.2 421.4 477.7 525.0

528.6

525.8

84.5 76.0 79.8 83.1

88.5

80.2

101.5 136.9 168.7 197.7

207.8

182.6

107.7 115.2 125.9 135.5

150.2

134.2

4.8 3.8 5.7 7.7

9.6

10.0

62.1 72.9 88.0 103.4

111.9

105.5

246.4 244.3 295.0 312.2

320.1

260.8

172.8 148.6 174.3 231.5

237.2

222.2

81.6 79.7 96.1 108.7 107.4 97.5

21.7 19.2 31.9 46.2 45.4 37.5

1,451.4 1,318.1 1,542.9 1,751.1

1,806.7

1,656.1

1959 1960 1961 1962 1963

510.2 559.9 564.2 562.7 656.9

80.4 82.4 88.4 72.1 61.3

210.7 339.3 282.9 339.7 292.3

128.9 149.2 142.7 151.2 152.7

12.8 13.1 13.5 13.6 11.7

119.5 143.2 158.7 152.5 168.1

289.3 356.9 395.5 471.9 469.3

242.4 330.7 392.2 482.1 500.1

104.4 131.8 141.8 140.9 151.4

40.7 44.1 50.6 60.7 53.1

1,739.3 2,150.6 2,230.5 2,447.4 2,516.9

73



Table 3.3 : Principal Statistics of External Trade, Imports by Commodity Section, 1947 - 2006, Malaysia (cont'd.)

Import

Seksyen Barangan

Commodity Sections

1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969

0. Makanan 695.2 749.6

748.0 761.8 765.0 726.8

Food

1. Minuman dan Tembakau 58.1 123.5

90.6 90.1 77.0 87.3


2. Bahan-bahan Mentah, Tidak Boleh Dimakan 227.8 237.7

163.7 166.4 283.5 302.8


3. Bahan Api Galian, Pelicin, dan Lain-lain 167.3 388.5

437.2 445.7 501.4 485.3


4. Minyak dan Lemak Binatang dan Sayur-sayuran 12.4 18.2

15.2 14.9 22.1 19.3


5. Bahan-bahan Kimia 177.0 233.9

252.0 247.2 237.9 272.5

Chemicals

6. Barang-barang Keluaran Kilang (termasuk timah) 464.7 597.6

608.4 590.9 610.2 621.6


7. Jentera dan Kelengkapan Pengangkutan 515.9 728.6

799.7 735.8 776.2 827.8


8. Pelbagai Barang Keluaran Kilang 152.3 206.3

188.9 191.3 186.2 179.6


9. Pelbagai Urus Niaga dan Barangan 50.7 72.3

75.0 74.9 64.6 58.9


Jumlah 2,521.4 3,356.2

3,378.7 3,319.0 3,524.1 3,581.9

Total

Imports

74

RM ( Juta / Milion )

Import Imports

1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975

786.7 735.6 808.8 1,078.2 1,585.0 1,401.5

92.9 108.8 81.7 97.7 114.9 119.4

322.1 267.1 310.3 372.5 543.1 554.9

517.5 576.3 368.3 392.9 1,003.5 1,021.1

23.8 22.8 22.3 27.2 44.1 26.0

312.5 341.5 377.2 525.9 879.0 711.8

770.2 780.6 847.7 1,250.6 1,864.6 1,389.4

1,197.3 1,332.6 1,470.8 1,786.6 3,207.0 2,774.1

199.9 194.6 199.9 333.0 559.7 465.3

65.5 56.2 56.2 69.3 90.3 66.9

4,288.4 4,416.2 4,543.2 5,933.9 9,891.2 8,530.4

1976 1977 1978 1979 1980

1,440.6 1,643.7

1,978.7 2,051.5 2,444.3

116.7 145.4

184.6 185.2 221.3

537.5 637.8

725.8 850.3 1,052.8

1,309.8 1,421.7

1,470.3 2,076.7 3,554.4

21.1 26.0 25.7 30.2 29.7

919.3 1,079.0

1,217.7 1,747.4 2,022.4

1,620.0 1,788.2

2,236.5 2,919.8 3,849.2

3,179.9 3,761.0

4,949.7 6,373.6 9,105.3

491.9 581.1

722.0 791.0 975.0

76.5 80.8

134.9 135.4 196.6

9,713.3

11,164.7

13,645.9

17,161.1

23,451.0

75




Import

Seksyen Barangan

Commodity Sections

1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986

0. Makanan

2,941.5

2,999.4 2,984.5

3,227.1

3,064.0 2,914.2

Food



2. Bahan-bahan Mentah, Tidak Boleh Dimakan

1,190.6

1,132.3 1,186.6

1,157.8

1,035.8 1,016.7


3. Bahan Api Galian, Pelicin, dan Lain-lain

4,578.9

4,389.6 4,241.6

3,332.3

3,722.0 2,387.8




5. Bahan-bahan Kimia

2,095.9

2,145.0 2,424.9

2,635.6

2,639.8 2,686.5

Chemicals

6. Barang-barang Keluaran Kilang (termasuk timah)

4,277.0

4,915.5 4,881.6

5,086.0

4,419.0 4,037.5


7. Jentera dan Kelengkapan Pengangkutan

9,884.2

11,548.4 13,171.2

15,128.8

13,262.1 12,579.1


8. Pelbagai Barang Keluaran Kilang

1,077.0

1,354.0 1,395.9

1,715.6

1,673.8 1,700.6




Jumlah

26,603.8

29,023.0 30,795.2

32,925.9

30,437.8 27,921.4

Total

Imports

76


Import Imports

1987 1988 1989 1990 1991

2,965.3 3,825.9 4,613.9

4,582.5 5,138.9

192.4 208.2 241.5 292.9 423.8

1,286.2 1,815.5 2,488.9

2,551.2 2,809.8

2,380.8 2,317.5 2,911.1

4,021.0 4,253.3

205.1 267.2 257.1 218.0 394.8

3,280.7 4,781.9 5,412.7

6,716.8 7,663.4

4,951.5 7,167.2 9,919.3

12,499.1 15,923.7

14,400.3 19,521.6 29,233.1

39,740.5 54,164.6

1,954.3 2,467.4 3,257.5

4,496.8 5,650.2

317.3 920.9 2,522.8

3,999.6 4,408.5

31,933.9 43,293.4 60,858.1

79,118.6

100,831.1

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

5,469.9 5,816.1 6,668.1 7,884.7

9,089.6

399.2 390.8 429.6 558.2 498.6

2,630.2 3,263.7 3,765.3 4,651.2

4,963.6

4,242.9 4,247.5 3,995.5 4,351.0

5,221.8

331.3 403.9 559.1 380.1 262.9

8,163.1 8,848.1 10,608.9 13,759.2

13,331.1

16,270.2 17,704.7 21,637.8 26,956.6

26,451.6

55,711.3 65,439.4 93,719.4

116,722.1

118,482.5

5,868.5 6,251.0 8,425.2 9,508.4

9,499.8

2,353.8 4,769.7 6,112.1 9,573.2

9,478.3

101,440.5

117,404.7

155,921.0

194,344.5

197,279.8

77




Import

Seksyen Barangan

Imports

Commodity Sections

1997 1998 1999

0. Makanan 10,083.6 10,514.2 10,873.0

Food

1. Minuman dan Tembakau 661.1 596.3 682.0


2. Bahan-bahan Mentah, Tidak Boleh Dimakan 5,496.9 5,723.8 6,224.6


3. Bahan Api Galian, Pelicin, dan Lain-lain 6,413.1 6,991.9 7,488.8


4. Minyak dan Lemak Binatang dan Sayur-sayuran 493.5 1,040.6 1,056.3


5. Bahan-bahan Kimia 15,379.0 16,275.1 18,790.3

Chemicals

6. Barang-barang Keluaran Kilang (termasuk timah) 28,729.0 25,059.0 28,467.3


7. Jentera dan Kelengkapan Pengangkutan 132,930.2 143,825.0 153,971.4


8. Pelbagai Barang Keluaran Kilang 11,615.7 11,884.6 12,872.7


9. Pelbagai Urus Niaga dan Barangan 9,133.4 6,214.0 8,050.4


Jumlah 220,935.5 228,124.5 248,476.8

Total

78


Import Imports

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

12,439.4 12,727.6 16,482.1 17,851.9 20,020.7

1,137.3 1,142.5 1,390.8 1,464.2 1,540.0

6,821.7 7,380.3 10,475.8 10,470.1 12,820.7

14,368.3 17,519.5 25,117.4 34,942.8 43,053.9

1,265.7 1,358.8 2,911.0 2,098.9 2,697.8

21,761.3 22,764.0 31,785.9 34,192.4 37,465.6

30,319.3 30,480.0 43,318.1 48,218.8 55,909.7

187,969.2 195,328.5 232,491.3 248,870.0 265,436.3

17,186.8 18,127.5 23,745.9 22,767.0 27,257.6

9,821.4 9,709.2 11,913.9 13,133.9 14,570.3

303,090.5 316,537.9 399,632.2 434,009.9 480,772.5

2000 2001

11,393.1 12,277.0

708.7 924.0

7,095.7 6,890.9

14,973.1 14,705.9

604.0 793.3

22,371.5 20,703.5

32,596.4 29,297.4

195,728.0 169,609.0

17,658.9 15,730.3

8,329.5 9,297.9

311,458.9 280,229.1

79

GETAH

Nota Keterangan

1. Penyusunan data getah diperoleh daripada Banci Estet Getah Tahunan. Bagi tahun

-tahun rujukan 1993, 1994, 1996, 1997, 1999, 2001 dan 2003 data bersumberkan

Banci Getah Bulanan. Perangkaan getah bagi Malaysia bermula pada tahun 1965,

sementara tahun-tahun sebelumnya merujuk kepada Semenanjung Malaysia

sahaja.

2. Mulai tahun 2004, Banci Getah Bulanan dijalankan ke atas pemproses getah

manakala tahun sebelumnya ke atas peniaga getah.

3. Bagi tempoh Perang Dunia Kedua, 1941-1945, data pengeluaran getah tidak

diperoleh. Sementara bagi tahun rujukan 1946, pengeluaran getah berkurangan

ekoran daripada Perang Dunia tersebut.

4. Guna tenaga di industri ini adalah bagi Semenanjung Malaysia bagi tempoh

1946-1965. Liputan berkembang ke Sabah pada tahun 1966-1973 sementara bagi

tahun-tahun seterusnya merujuk kepada Malaysia.

81

RUBBER

Explanatory Notes

1. The compilation of rubber data were taken from the Annual Census of Rubber

Estates. For the reference years 1993, 1994, 1996, 1997, 1999, 2001 and 2003

data were obtained from Monthly Rubber Censuses. Statistics rubber for Malaysia

starts from year 1965, while those years before refer to Peninsular Malaysia only.

2. Starting from the year 2004, Census of Rubber Estates was conducted on the

rubber processors while the years before on the rubber dealers.

3. For the Second World War period, 1941-1945, data on rubber production could not

be obtained. For reference year 1946, the production of rubber was low as a result

of the World War.

4. The data on employment was refer to Peninsular Malaysia for period of 1946-1965.

The coverage was expand to Sabah for the years 1966-1973 while for the rest of

the years the data refer to Malaysia.

82

83

CARTA 4.1: PERANGKAAN UTAMA ESTET GETAH, 1964 - 2006, MALAYSIA

Chart 4.1: Principal Statistics of Rubber Estates, 1964 - 2006, Malaysia

-50

50

150

250

350

450

550

650

750

1964

1965

1966

1967

1968

1969

1970

1971

1972

1973

1974

1975

1976

1977

1978

1979

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006p

('000) Tan / tonne

-50

50

150

250

350

450

550

650

750

Sen se kg / Sen per kg

0 0

Pengeluaran / Production Harga Purata / Average Price

85

JADUAL 4.1 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA ESTET GETAH, 1930 - 2006, MALAYSIA

Table 4.1 : Principal Statistics of Rubber Estates, 1930 - 2006, Malaysia

Tahun Bilangan Kawasan Kawasan Pengeluaran Hasil bagi Harga Purata Jumlah Pekerja

Year Estet yang yang Production se Hektar G.M.M 20 f.o.b Bergaji yang Diambil Number of Ditanam Ditoreh Yield Average price Bekerja dalam bulan

Estates Planted Tapped per S.M.R.20 f.o.b Disember atau Pada

Hectareage Hectareage Hectare Tempoh Gaji Terakhir

Total Number of

Workers Employed During

( ' 000 ) Kg sen se kg December or During the

Tan/Tonnes sen per kg Last Pay Period

( '000 )

1930 .. .. .. 237.9 .. .. ..

1931 .. 738.5 .. 241.1 .. .. ..

1932 .. 736.3 .. 242.1 .. .. ..

1933 .. 740.6 .. 243.0 .. .. ..

1934 .. 799.8 .. 264.2 .. .. ..

1935 .. 801.3 .. 244.0 .. .. ..

1936 .. 801.9 .. 234.6 .. .. ..

1937 .. 804.0 .. 316.6 .. .. ..

1938 .. 806.4 .. 248.0 .. .. ..

1939 .. 836.7 .. 246.8 .. .. ..

1940 .. 842.5 .. 337.0 .. .. ..

1941 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1942 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1943 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1944 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1945 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1946 2,194 767.0 708.8 176.3 249 .. 332.3

1947 2,279 782.5 573.4 365.6 638 .. 289.1

1948 2,270 789.9 647.5 409.4 633 .. 287.0

1949 2,277 797.3 662.9 406.4 613 .. 275.8

1950 2,269 794.8 666.5 381.9 573 .. 281.6

1951 2,252 794.5 646.3 333.2 516 .. 282.8

1952 2,383 807.9 637.8 346.5 543 .. 280.0

1953 2,489 821.2 653.6 346.6 531 .. 261.3

1954 2,529 816.6 650.0 350.4 539 .. 272.2

1955 2,505 815.0 651.6 357.4 549 .. 278.0

1956 2,458 812.3 639.8 356.4 554 .. 280.2

1957 2,440 813.8 622.5 373.8 598 .. 276.7

1958 2,371 801.5 603.3 395.6 656 .. 281.9

1959 2,306 785.9 576.9 413.7 717 .. 282.5

1960 2,248 782.7 555.5 419.8 756 .. 285.3

86

Table 4.1 : Principal Statistics of Rubber Estates, 1930 - 2006, Malaysia (cont'd)


Year Estet yang yang Production se Hektar G.M.M 20 f.o.b Bergaji yang Diambil Number Ditanam Ditoreh Yield Average price Bekerja dalam bulan

of Planted Tapped per Hectare S.M.R.20 f.o.b Disember atau Pada

Estates Hectareage Hectareage Tempoh Gaji Terakhir

Total Number of




( '000 )

1961 2,218 784.0 538.9 435.4 808 .. 285.6

1962 2,191 779.6 533.9 445.3 834 .. 286.2

1963 2,147 776.7 531.6 465.6 876 .. 269.8

1964 2,103 766.1 528.0 484.5 918 .. 261.2

1965 2,216 788.5 542.3 507.9 937 .. 262.1

1966 2,232 770.0 536.8 531.2 990 .. 258.4

1967 2,249 744.8 535.1 543.5 1,016 .. 235.4

1968 2,246 715.1 533.3 581.8 1,090 .. 209. 8

1969 2,219 695.6 539.2 612.2 1,136 .. 212.7

1970 2,180 677.0 537.9 631.3 1,174 .. 205.4

1971 2,129 659.2 528.3 672.1 1,273 .. 205.2

1972 2,072 638.0 511.9 670.0 1,311 .. 197.7

1973 2,011 612.3 500.5 684.6 1,362 158.01 193.5

1974 1,961 596.6 428.9 666.3 1,380 159.98 191.5

1975 1,911 583.4 463.6 587.2 1,267 131.61 185.5

1976 1,893 573.1 453.4 657.8 1,451 189.77 181.2

1977 1,861 558.5 445.4 633.6 1,422 195.77 175.6

1978 1,839 541.5 434.9 624.8 1,434 215.63 169.7

1979 1,807 525.6 427.3 611.7 1,432 263.83 167.1

1980 1,767 506.1 415.7 591.5 1,427 273.73 160.4

1981 1,738 493.3 406.0 578.5 1,425 219.94 153.0

1982 1,704 481.9 395.9 562.2 1,420 175.46 140.8

1983 1,676 477.5 385.9 547.5 1,419 218.72 137.7

1984 1,612 454.8 373.6 518.1 1,387 209.18 130.8

1985 1,592 428.8 356.6 504.3 1,414 173.54 124.0

1986 1,519 399.4 333.5 497.5 1,492 191.30 119.4

1987 1,481 381.5 327.7 490.6 1,497 224.31 114.9

1988 1,448 371.1 324.8 481.1 1,481 277.86 113.3

1989 1,414 361.0 315.7 432.8 1,371 226.81 108.3

1990 1,367 348.7 298.4 396.6 1,329 204.64 101.7

1991 1,293 333.4 273.7 366.2 1,338 213.07 89.6

JADUAL 4.1 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA ESTET GETAH, 1930 - 2006, MALAYSIA (samb.)

87

Table 4.1 : Principal Statistics of Rubber Estates, 1930 - 2006, Malaysia (cont'd)


Year Estet yang yang Production se Hektar G.M.M 20 f.o.b Bergaji yang Diambil Number Ditanam Ditoreh Yield Average price Bekerja dalam bulan

of Planted Tapped per Hectare S.M.R.20 f.o.b Disember atau Pada

Estates Hectareage Hectareage Tempoh Gaji Terakhir Total Number of




( '000 )

1992 1,189 314.1 250.0 333.0 1,332 208.68 79.1

1993 1,133 292.5 229.2 296.3 1,293 202.85 68.2

1994 1,075 275.0 191.5 271.3 1,417 293.75 58.9

1995 1,048 255.7 186.5 240.7 1,291 382.60 55.5

1996 853 223.9 182.8 237.9 1,301 329.55 49.9

1997 735 200.7 169.6 215.9 1,273 271.83 43.6

1998 699 179.9 147.9 196.7 1,330 259.00 40.7

1999 621 151.2 126.5 183.1 1,447 226.94 35.3

2000 559 123.8 98.3 128.1 1,289 242.52 25.8

2001 404 95.5 73.7 99.5 1,358 205.56 18.9

2002 367 84.4 62.4 84.9 1,361 285.98 16.1

2003 360 78.5 56.8 76.4 1,343 378.97 14.6

2004 259 64.4 51.9 71.2 1,371 461.93 12.8

2005 229 58.7 47.3 65.3 1,381 523.07 11.8

2006p 213 54.2 44.9 68.4 1,525 710.92 11.9

JADUAL 4.1 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA ESTET GETAH, 1930 - 2006, MALAYSIA (samb.)

JADUAL 4.2 : JUMLAH KELUASAN HEKTAR TANAMAN GETAH DAN PENGELUARAN GETAH, 1930 - 2006, MALAYSIA

Table 4.2 : Total Planted Hectareage and Production of Rubber, 1930 - 2006, Malaysia

Tahun Keluasan Kawasan yang Ditanam Pengeluaran

Year Planted Hectareage Production

( ' 000 ) Hektar/Hectares ( ' 000 )Tan/Tonnes

Jumlah Estet Pekebun Jumlah Estet Pekebun

Keluasan Estates Kecil Total Estates Kecil Total Area Smallholdings Smallholdings

1930 .. .. .. 456.7 237.9 218.8

1931 1,224.9 738.5 486.4 439.6 241.1 198.5

1932 1,247.4 736.3 511.1 421.9 242.1 179.8

1933 1,252.5 740.6 511.9 465.3 243.0 222.3

1934 1,306.4 799.8 506.6 484.7 264.2 220.5

1935 1,263.8 801.3 462.5 379.1 244.0 135.1

1936 1,281.0 801.9 479.1 366.0 234.6 131.4

1937 1,309.0 804.0 505.0 505.4 316.6 188.8

1938 1,305.8 806.4 499.4 363.0 248.0 115.0

1939 1,364.8 836.7 528.1 363.5 246.8 116.7

1940 1,380.3 842.5 537.8 553.1 337.0 216.1

1941 .. .. .. .. .. ..

1942 .. .. .. .. .. ..

1943 .. .. .. .. .. ..

1944 .. .. .. .. .. ..

1945 .. .. .. .. .. ..

1946 1,300.8 767.0 533.8 409.7 176.3 233.4

1947 1,342.2 782.5 559.7 655.5 365.6 289.9

1948 1,360.5 789.9 570.6 708.2 409.4 298.8

1949 1,361.4 797.3 564.1 681.0 406.4 274.6

1950 1,358.9 794.8 564.1 703.7 381.9 321.8

1951 1,430.4 794.5 635.9 613.5 333.2 280.3

1952 1,461.9 807.9 654.0 591.9 346.5 245.4

1953 1,428.2 821.2 607.0 582.0 346.6 235.4

1954 1,423.6 816.6 607.0 594.4 350.4 244.0

1955 1,422.0 815.0 607.0 647.3 357.4 289.9

1956 1,419.3 812.3 607.0 534.2 256.4 277.8

1957 1,420.8 813.8 607.0 646.1 373.8 272.3

1958 1,408.5 801.5 607.0 671.5 395.6 275.9

1959 1,392.9 785.9 607.0 706.6 413.7 292.9

1960 1,548.3 782.7 765.6 718.8 419.8 299.0

1961 1,607.5 784.0 823.5 746.4 435.4 311.0

1962 1,679.6 779.6 900.0 726.3 445.3 281.0

88

JADUAL 4.2 : JUMLAH KELUASAN HEKTAR TANAMAN GETAH DAN PENGELUARAN GETAH, 1930 - 2006, MALAYSIA (samb.) Table 4.2 : Total Planted Hectareage and Production of Rubber, 1930 - 2006, Malaysia (cont'd.)






1963 1,720.4 776.7 943.7 765.0 465.6 299.4

1964 1,741.8 766.1 975.7 803.9 484.5 319.4

1965 2,043.7 788.5 1,255.2 917.0 507.9 409.1

1966 2,050.7 770.0 1,280.7 972.9 531.2 441.7

1967 2,044.7 744.8 1,299.9 991.2 543.5 447.7

1968 2,022.3 715.1 1,307.2 1,100.4 581.8 518.6

1969 2,022.9 695.6 1,327.3 1,268.2 612.2 656.0

1970 2,019.4 677.0 1,342.4 1,269.3 631.3 638.0

1971 2,016.0 659.2 1,356.8 1,318.6 672.1 646.5

1972 1,999.7 638.0 1,361.7 1,304.3 670.0 634.3

1973 1,990.9 612.3 1,378.6 1,542.5 684.6 857.9

1974 1,988.7 596.6 1,392.1 1,522.1 666.3 855.8

1975 1,991.6 583.4 1,408.2 1,454.5 587.2 867.3

1976 1,997.8 573.1 1,424.7 1,608.0 657.8 950.2

1977 1,999.2 558.5 1,440.7 1,584.8 633.6 951.2

1978 1,995.9 541.5 1,454.4 1,581.5 624.8 956.7

1979 1,953.4 525.6 1,427.8 1,565.2 611.7 953.5

1980 1,998.2 506.1 1,492.1 1,524.6 591.5 933.1

1981 2,000.0 493.3 1,506.7 1,504.8 578.5 926.3

1982 1,991.6 481.9 1,509.7 1,494.1 562.2 931.9

1983 1,971.0 477.5 1,493.5 1,563.7 547.5 1,016.2

1984 1,972.7 454.8 1,517.9 1,530.6 518.1 1,012.5

1985 1,955.4 428.8 1,526.6 1,469.4 504.3 965.1

1986 1,912.0 399.4 1,512.7 1,538.6 497.5 1,041.1

1987 1,881.3 381.5 1,499.8 1,578.7 490.6 1,088.1

1988 1,865.8 371.1 1,494.7 1,661.6 481.1 1,180.5

1989 1,849.0 361.0 1,488.0 1,415.6 432.8 982.8

1990 1,836.7 348.7 1,488.0 1,291.0 396.6 894.4

1991 1,818.7 333.4 1,485.3 1,255.7 366.2 889.4

1992 1,792.3 314.1 1,478.2 1,170.9 333.0 837.9

1993 1,762.8 292.5 1,470.3 1,074.3 296.3 778.0

1994 1,737.1 275.0 1,462.1 1,100.6 271.3 829.3

1995 1,688.8 255.7 1,433.1 1,087.5 240.7 846.8

89

JADUAL 4.2 : JUMLAH KELUASAN HEKTAR TANAMAN GETAH DAN PENGELUARAN GETAH, 1930 - 2006, MALAYSIA (samb.) Table 4.2 : Total Planted Hectareage and Production of Rubber, 1930 - 2006, Malaysia (cont'd.)






1996 1,644.3 223.9 1,420.4 1,082.3 237.9 844.4

1997 1,616.5 200.7 1,415.8 971.1 215.9 755.2

1998 1,543.6 179.9 1,363.7 883.5 196.7 686.8

1999 1,464.8 151.2 1,313.6 777.8 183.1 594.7

2000 1,430.7 123.8 1,306.9 927.6 128.1 799.5

2001 1,389.3 95.5 1,293.8 882.1 99.5 782.5

2002 1,348.4 84.4 1,264.0 889.8 84.9 805.0

2003 1,315.0 78.5 1,236.5 985.6 76.4 909.3

2004 1,275.0 64.4 1,210.6 1,618.7 71.2 1,097.5

2005 1,237.0 58.7 1,178.3 1,126.0 65.3 1,058.8

2006 p .. 54.2 .. 1,283.6 68.4 1,215.2

90

KELAPA SAWIT

Nota Keterangan

1. Penyusunan data kelapa sawit berdasarkan Banci Tahunan Estet Kelapa Sawit

yang dijalankan oleh Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia bagi tempoh 1959 – 1988.

Tugas pengumpulan data telah diambil alih oleh Lembaga Pendaftaran dan

Pelesenan Minyak Kelapa Sawit (PORLA) mulai tahun 1989. Sejak tahun 2000,

data telah diperoleh daripada Lembaga Minyak Sawit Malaysia (MPOB), iaitu

gabungan PORLA dan PORIM. Maka liputan estet PORLA mulai 1989 berbeza

dengan liputan Jabatan Perangkaan. Data mulai tahun tersebut tidak sesuai

dibandingkan dengan data tahun terdahulu.

2. Data siri masa mengenai jumlah keluasan hektar tanaman kelapa sawit meliputi

estet dan pekebun kecil (termasuk FELDA, FELCRA, RISDA dan Agensi Kerajaan

Negeri). Data bagi tahun 1959 - 1973 merujuk kepada Semenanjung Malaysia

sahaja.

3. Harga Purata Penghantaran Tempatan adalah merujuk kepada purata harga yang

diniagakan sehingga ke destinasi pembeli tempatan. Lazimnya pengeluar tempatan

merujuk kepada pengilang kelapa sawit, sementara pembeli pula adalah

pengusaha penapisan minyak sawit. Ia juga merangkumi harga pengeluar (harga di

kilang) termasuk kos pengangkutan dan insuran.

91

OIL PALM

Explanatory Notes

1. The compilation of oil palm data for reference years 1959 - 1988 were taken from

the Annual Census of Oil Palm Estates conducted by the Department of Statistics,

Malaysia. Revert from 1989, the Palm Oil Registration And Licensing Authority

(PORLA) has taken over the responsibility of data collection. Since year 2000, the

data were obtained from Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB), the merger of PORLA

and PORIM. PORLA’s coverage of estates was differs from the coverage of the

Department of Statistics starting from 1989. Data for that year onwards are not

comparable with the earlier years data.

2. Time series data on total planted hectareage of oil palm include estates and

smallholdings (comprising FELDA, FELCRA, RISDA and State Agency). Data for

reference years 1959 - 1973 refer to Peninsular Malaysia only.

3. Local Delivered Average Price means the average traded price up to the local

buyers destination. Normally the local seller are the miller and the buyer are the

refinery. It includes the seller price ex-mill base plus the transportation cost and

insurance up to the buyers factory gate.

92

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Tan / T

onne

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

RM

(Juta

/ M

illio

n)

se tan m

etr

ik / R

M p

er

tonne

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,5001

98

0

19

81

19

82

19

83

19

84

19

85

19

86

19

87

19

88

19

89

19

90

19

91

19

92

19

93

19

94

19

95

19

96

19

97

19

98

19

99

20

00

20

01

20

02

20

03

20

04

20

05

20

06

Hektar / Hectares

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500

4,000

4,500

Hektar / Hectares

93

CARTA 5.1: PERANGKAAN UTAMA ESTET KELAPA SAWIT, 1980 - 2006, MALAYSIA

Chart 5.1: Principal Statistics of Oil Palm Estates, 1980 - 2006, Malaysia

CARTA 5.2: JUMLAH KELUASAN HEKTAR TANAMAN KELAPA SAWIT, 1980 - 2006, MALAYSIA

Chart 5.2: Total Planted Hectareage of Oil Palm, 1980 - 2006, Malaysia

Harga Purata Penghantaran Tempatan / Local Delivered Average Price

Pengeluaran Buah Sawit / Production of Fresh Fruit Bunches

Estet / Estates

Pekebun Kecil / Smallholdings Jumlah Keluasan / Total Area

JADUAL 5.1 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA ESTET KELAPA SAWIT, 1959 - 2006, MALAYSIA

Table 5.1 : Principal Statistics of Oil Palm Estates, 1959 - 2006, Malaysia

Tahun Bilangan Kawasan Kawasan Pengeluaran Hasil bagi Harga Purata Jumlah Bilangan

Year Estet yang Ditanam yang Dipetik Buah Sawit se Hektar Penghantaran Orang yang

Number of Planted Harvested Production of Fresh Yield per Tempatan Diambil Bekerja

Estates Hectareage Hectareage Fruit Bunches Hectare Local Delivered dalam Bulan

Average Price Disember atau

Tempoh Gaji

Terakhir

Total Number of Hektar Tan RM se tan metrik Persons Employed

Hectares Tonnes RM per tonne During December

or During the last Pay Period

1959 64 51,053 .. .. .. .. ..

1960 62 54,638 40,037 .. .. 627.50 ..

1961 62 57,124 43,295 .. .. 657.00 ..

1962 68 62,078 46,184 .. .. 612.00 ..

1963 89 71,029 49,072 .. .. 608.50 ..

1964 104 75,544 49,154 .. .. 638.50 ..

1965 121 84,146 58,543 .. .. 742.00 ..

1966 188 103,673 64,261 .. .. 632.00 ..

1967 259 129,460 71,142 .. .. 614.00 ..

1968 333 154,053 84,346 .. .. 440.00 ..

1969 347 177,390 100,476 .. .. 430.00 33,978

1970 360 193,441 122,691 .. .. 641.50 36,409

1971 393 213,915 145,519 .. .. 673.00 41,722

1972 453 245,435 169,109 3,145,366 .. 482.50 47,736

1973 506 274,778 180,672 3,095,321 17.13 570.00 51,784

1974 619 357,769 227,349 4,152,843 18.26 1,152.50 72,784

1975 690 389,756 258,204 4,920,915 19.05 1,055.00 75,975

1976 712 415,658 292,093 5,003,432 17.12 881.50 77,459

1977 775 444,866 325,210 5,704,239 17.54 1,224.50 80,947

1978 837 480,833 366,293 5,930,369 16.19 1,178.50 86,634

1979 863 509,292 403,898 7,078,880 17.52 1,038.00 94,990

1980 933 545,462 433,146 7,636,569 17.63 919.00 100,963

1981 1,049 599,592 466,280 8,276,852 17.75 964.00 102,373

1982 1,149 633,693 505,888 10,192,780 20.14 829.00 98,106

1983 1,228 672,499 545,242 8,666,976 15.90 991.00 95,237

95

JADUAL 5.1 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA ESTET KELAPA SAWIT, 1959 - 2006, MALAYSIA (samb.)

Table 5.1 : Principal Statistics of Oil Palm Estates, 1959 - 2006, Malaysia (cont'd.)

Tahun Bilangan Kawasan Kawasan Pengeluaran Hasil bagi Harga Purata Jumlah Bilangan

Year Estet yang Ditanam yang Dipetik Buah Sawit se Hektar Penghantaran Orang yang

Number of Planted Harvested Production of Fresh Yield per Tempatan Diambil Bekerja

Estates Hectareage Hectareage Fruit Bunches Hectare Local Delivered dalam Bulan

Average Price Disember atau

Tempoh Gaji

Terakhir

Total Number of Hektar Tan RM se tan metrik Persons Employed

Hectares Tonnes RM per tonne During December

or During the last

Pay Period

1984 1,353 735,306 592,607 10,784,695 18.19 1,407.50 101,493

1985 1,454 766,756 626,191 11,703,242 18.69 1,045.50 106,539

1986 1,541 768,351 671,397 12,745,840 18.98 578.50 102,976

1987 1,628 1,534,927 1,235,199 22,122,414 17.91 773.00 108,470

1988 1,668 1,654,607 1,379,589 25,011,949 18.13 1,029.00 114,681

1989 2,164 1,770,972 1,496,509 29,286,681 19.57 822.00 126,498

1990 2,264 1,845,781 1,562,371 28,950,735 18.53 700.50 131,842

1991 2,382 1,906,240 1,638,479 29,246,850 17.85 836.50 137,140

1992 2,547 2,005,254 1,697,862 30,272,879 17.83 916.50 146,369

1993 2,642 2,096,480 1,811,071 36,692,298 20.26 890.00 155,295

1994 2,707 2,191,941 1,924,022 35,440,485 18.42 1,283.50 164,808

1995 2,831 2,298,095 2,001,073 37,880,312 18.93 1,472.50 175,427

1996 2,970 2,453,362 2,114,222 40,064,507 18.95 1,191.50 190,183

1997 3,146 2,649,802 2,269,895 43,354,995 19.10 1,358.00 208,646

1998 3,354 2,813,755 2,332,585 37,274,708 15.98 2,377.50 225,100

1999 3,463 3,026,880 2,570,788 49,513,377 19.26 1,449.50 246,088

2000 3,581 3,055,846 2,621,502 48,052,132 18.33 996.50 252,549

2001 3,622 3,155,670 2,663,610 50,981,495 19.14 894.50 265,182

2002 3,778 3,311,148 2,831,657 50,884,876 17.97 1,363.50 285,444

2003 3,877 3,414,042 2,915,909 55,373,112 18.99 1,544.00 314,658

2004 3,940 3,508,841 3,085,290 57,386,394 18.60 1,610.00 331,648

2005 4,078 3,626,801 3,212,804 60,657,740 18.88 1,394.00 329,709

2006 4,145 3,710,319 3,256,535 63,828,086 19.60 1,510.50 347,755

96

JADUAL 5.2 : JUMLAH KELUASAN HEKTAR TANAMAN KELAPA SAWIT, 1959 - 2006, MALAYSIA

Table 5.2 : Total Planted Hectareage of Oil Palm, 1959 - 2006, Malaysia

Tahun Keluasan Kawasan yang Ditanam

Year Planted Hectareage

Hektar/Hectares

Jumlah Keluasan Estet Pekebun Kecil

Total Area Estates Smallholdings

1959 51,053 51,053

..

1960 54,638 54,638

..

1961 57,124 57,124

..

1962 62,078 62,078 ..

1963 74,989 71,029 3,960

1964 83,199 75,544 7,655

1965 96,945 84,146 12,799

1966 122,703 103,673 19,030

1967 160,384 129,460 30,924

1968 190,765 154,053 36,712

1969 231,176 177,390 53,786

1970 261,199 193,441 67,758

1971 294,149 213,915 80,234

1972 348,513 245,435 103,078

1973 411,861 274,778 137,083

1974 565,766 357,769 207,997

1975 641,791 389,756 252,035

1976 714,600 415,658 298,942

1977 781,814 444,866 336,948

1978 852,979 480,833 372,146

1979 938,863 509,292 429,571

1980 1,023,306 545,462 477,844

1981 1,121,181 599,592 521,589

1982 1,182,797 633,693 549,104

97

JADUAL 5.2 : JUMLAH KELUASAN HEKTAR TANAMAN KELAPA SAWIT, 1959 - 2006, MALAYSIA (samb.) Table 5.2 : Total Planted Hectareage of Oil Palm, 1959 - 2006, Malaysia (cont'd.)

Tahun Keluasan Kawasan yang Ditanam

Year Planted Hectareage

Hektar/Hectares

Jumlah Keluasan Estet Pekebun Kecil

Total Area Estates Smallholdings

1983 1,253,040 672,499 580,541

1984 1,330,266 735,306 594,960

1985 1,482,399 766,756 715,643

1986 1,599,311 768,351 830,960

1987 1,672,875 1,534,927 137,948

1988 1,805,923 1,654,607 151,316

1989 1,946,559 1,770,972 175,587

1990 2,029,464 1,845,781 183,683

1991 2,094,028 1,906,240 187,788

1992 2,197,660 2,005,254 192,406

1993 2,305,925 2,096,480 209,445

1994 2,411,999 2,191,941 220,058

1995 2,540,087 2,298,095 241,992

1996 2,692,286 2,453,362 238,924

1997 2,893,089 2,649,802 243,287

1998 3,078,116 2,813,755 264,361

1999 3,313,393 3,026,880 286,513

2000 3,376,664 3,055,846 320,818

2001 3,499,012 3,155,670 343,342

2002 3,670,243 3,311,148 359,095

2003 3,802,040 3,414,042 387,998

2004 3,875,327 3,508,841 366,486

2005 4,051,374 3,626,801 424,573

2006 4,165,215 3,710,319 454,896

98

KOKO

Nota Keterangan

1. Banci Tahunan Estet Koko yang dijalankan oleh Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia bagi

tahun rujukan 1968 - 1995 menjadi sumber data bagi siri tanaman koko. Mulai

tahun rujukan 1996, Lembaga Koko Malaysia mengambil alih tugas menjalankan

Banci Tahunan Estet Koko.

2. Data bagi tempoh antara 1968 hingga 1977 merujuk kepada Sabah sahaja. Data

bagi tahun rujukan 1978, 1996 dan 1997 merujuk kepada Semenanjung Malaysia

dan Sabah, manakala bagi tahun-tahun seterusnya merujuk kepada Malaysia.

Walau bagaimanapun, Sabah merupakan kawasan koko utama yang meliputi

hampir 87% daripada keseluruhan kawasan tanaman tersebut. Tiada estet koko

dilaporkan di Sarawak.

3. Daripada jumlah tersebut sebanyak 50 estet atau 87.7% adalah di Sabah manakala

7 estet atau 12.3% di Semenanjung Malaysia.

COCOA

Explanatory Notes

1. Data for reference years 1968 - 1995 were sourced from the Annual Census of

Cocoa Estates conducted by Department of Statistics, Malaysia. Starting from

reference year 1996, the Malaysian Cocoa Board was responsible for conducting

the Annual Census of Cocoa Estates.

2. Data for reference years 1968 to 1977 refer to Sabah only. For reference years

1978, 1996 and 1997 the data refer to Peninsular Malaysia and Sabah only, while

for the rest of the years the data refer to Malaysia. However, Sabah is the major

cocoa growing area which contributing almost 87% of the total cocoa cultivated

area. There is no cocoa estate reported in Sarawak.

3. From the total, 50 estates or 87.7% were in Sabah while 7 estates or 12.3% in

Peninsular Malaysia.

99

JADUAL 6.1 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA ESTET KOKO, 1968 - 2006, MALAYSIA

Table 6.1 : Principal Statistics of Cocoa Estates, 1968 - 2006, Malaysia


Year Estet yang yang Biji Koko se Hektar Biji Koko Bergaji yang

Ditanam Dipetik Kering Bekerja dalam

Number Planted Harvested Production of Yield Average Bulan Disember of Estates Hectareage Hectareage Dry Cocoa per Hectare Prices of atau pada Tempoh

Beans Cocoa Beans Gaji Terakhir

Total Number of Tan/Tonnes Tan/Tonnes RM Workers Employed During

December or During

the Last Pay Period

1968 9 1,823 1,163 .. .. .. 650

1969 11 2,029 1,191 .. .. .. 625

1970 10 2,118 1,268 2,118 .. .. 713

1971 11 1,962 1,047 1,962 .. .. 604

1972 11 2,532 1,691 2,535 1.16 .. 857

1973 12 2,108 1,522 2,108 1.01 .. 623

1974 17 2,474 1,539 2,474 1.05 .. 1,026

1975 21 2,943 2,030 2,943 1.31 .. 1,377

1976 26 3,505 2,176 3,505 1.25 .. 1,635

1977 43 4,941 2,625 4,941 1.07 .. 2,797

1978 128 27,346 16,724 27,346 0.88 .. 8,555

1979 177 36,645 19,332 36,664 0.89 .. 14,551

1980 276 52,745 21,947 52,745 0.89 .. 21,161

1981 343 74,127 27,164 74,127 0.75 .. 29,915

1982 528 117,307 49,435 35,427 0.72 .. 39,169

1983 555 150,807 62,772 37,075 0.59 .. 41,264

1984 586 168,872 80,676 41,215 0.51 .. 45,155

1985 604 179,326 98,508 50,619 0.51 .. 47,653

1986 654 191,121 118,712 70,107 0.59 .. 50,509

1987 677 198,328 137,786 100,175 0.73 .. 56,433

1988 697 201,314 149,330 111,456 0.75 .. 57,791

1989 690 201,615 154,214 106,760 0.69 .. 55,452

1990 666 193,365 157,577 120,826 0.77 .. 56,424

1991 652 182,913 153,923 110,377 0.72 .. 52,674

1992 642 168,058 143,405 121,185 0.85 .. 46,733

1993 569 145,646 127,918 101,599 0.79 2,260 42,268

1994 516 130,232 114,158 78,932 0.69 2,962 37,393

1995 395 96,053 81,379 67,349 0.83 3,036 28,267

101

JADUAL 6.1 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA ESTET KOKO, 1968 - 2006, MALAYSIA (samb.) Table 6.1 : Principal Statistics of Cocoa Estates, 1968 - 2006, Malaysia (cont'd.)


Year Estet yang yang Biji Koko se Hektar Biji Koko Bergaji yang

Ditanam Dipetik Kering Bekerja dalam

Number Planted Harvested Production of Yield Average Bulan Disember of Estates Hectareage Hectareage Dry Cocoa per Hectare Prices of atau pada Tempoh

Beans Cocoa Beans Gaji Terakhir Total Number of Tan/Tonnes Tan/Tonnes RM Workers Employed During

December or During

the Last Pay Period

1996 345 73,503 71,975 54,778 0.76 2,957 23,848

1997 296 50,270 46,258 37,245 0.81 3,606 15,930

1998 229 37,045 34,702 29,972 0.86 5,316 12,472

1999 193 27,937 26,112 22,573 0.86 3,242 10,300

2000 159 22,439 20,778 16,941 0.82 2,491 7,765

2001 141 19,605 17,364 15,999 0.92 3,209 6,686

2002 134 16,201 13,903 10,203 0.73 5,311 5,640

2003 123 14,946 12,994 6,851 0.53 5,617 5,306

2004 106 11,661 10,867 6,523 0.60 4,966 4,553

2005 75 9,348 8,707 4,646 0.53 4,768 3,558

2006 57 5895 .. 2,238 0.43 4,652 ..

102

103

JADUAL 6.2 : JUMLAH KELUASAN HEKTAR TANAMAN KOKO, 1968 - 2006 , MALAYSIA

Table 6.2 : Total Planted Hectareage of Cocoa, 1968 - 2006, Malaysia

Tahun Keluasan Kawasan yang Ditanam Eksport Biji Koko

Year Planted Hectareage dan Produk Koko

Export of Cocoa Beans

and Cocoa Products

Jumlah Estet Pekebun

Keluasan Estates Kecil

Total Area Smallholdings ( RM ‘000 )

1968 3,117 1,823 1,294 ..

1969 3,331 2,029 1,302 ..

1970 4,019 2,118 1,901 ..

1971 4,517 1,962 2,555 ..

1972 5,447 2,532 2,915 ..

1973 6,242 2,108 4,134 ..

1974 8,126 2,474 5,652 ..

1975 9,823 2,943 6,880 ..

1976 11,673 3,505 8,168 ..

1977 14,994 4,941 10,053 ..

1978 56,735 27,346 29,389 ..

1979 89,356 36,664 52,692 ..

1980 123,855 77,571 46,284 ..

1981 158,784 102,341 56,443 217,935

1982 209,399 133,648 75,751 245,541

1983 231,080 150,807 80,273 286,616

1984 265,510 168,872 96,638 462,568

1985 303,897 179,326 124,571 545,665

1986 327,348 191,121 136,227 646,449

1987 370,057 198,328 171,729 866,828

1988 407,860 201,314 206,546 907,091

1989 414,236 201,615 212,621 725,465

1990 393,465 193,365 200,100 755,834

1991 398,950 182,913 216,037 719,686

1992 378,540 168,058 210,482 637,619

1993 299,995 145,646 154,349 671,864

1994 271,339 130,232 141,107 722,738

1995 190,127 96,053 94,074 625,572

1996 168,219 73,503 94,716 593,682

1997 140,899 50,270 90,629 669,101

1998 117,679 37,045 80,634 769,084

1999 100,803 27,937 72,866 732,508

2000 75,766 22,439 53,327 595,143

2001 57,963 19,605 38,358 659,661

2002 48,035 16,201 31,834 903,161

2003 44,897 14,946 29,951 1,259,910

2004 41,612 11,661 29,951 1,612,603

2005 33,398 9,348 24,050 1,920,005

2006 31,382 5,895 25,487 2,076,591

Hektar/Hectares

PERHUTANAN

Nota Keterangan

Malaysia

1. Maklumat perhutanan dan pembalakan diperoleh daripada Jabatan Perhutanan

Semenanjung Malaysia, Jabatan Perhutanan Sabah dan Jabatan Perhutanan

Sarawak. Data dari jabatan tersebut diaggregat untuk mendapatkan keluasan dan

pengeluaran di peringkat Malaysia. Perincian data perhutanan mengikut kawasan

juga dipersembahkan secara berasingan di segmen berikutnya.

Semenanjung Malaysia


Semenanjung Malaysia. Data diperoleh bermula dari tahun 1947.

2. Data perhutanan meliputi keluasan hutan, pengeluaran kayu balak, bilangan

pekerja dalam industri berasaskan kayu dan bilangan pekerja dalam sektor selain

pembalakan.

3. Pengeluaran hasil kayu utama adalah kayu balak, kayu gergaji, papan lapis, venir

dan kayu kumai. Manakala industri berasaskan kayu meliputi kilang papan, kilang

papan lapis, kilang kayu kumai, kilang perabot, kilang papan blok, kilang papan

serpai, kilang papan gentian sederhana padat dan kilang papan serpih. Kilang

perabot/kilang kerja kayu/pertukangan mencatatkan bilangan kilang terbesar diikuti

oleh industri kilang papan yang lain.

Sarawak


Sarawak. Data diperoleh bermula dari tahun 1964.

105

2. Data perhutanan meliputi keluasan hutan, pengeluaran kayu balak dan bilangan

pekerja dalam industri berasaskan kayu. Bilangan pekerja dalam industri

berasaskan kayu di Sarawak, tidak termasuk pekerja di dalam sektor awam dan

pembalakan.

3. Pengeluaran kayu balak boleh dibahagikan kepada dua (2) kawasan iaitu hutan

bukit dan hutan paya. Dengan adanya “National Parks and Nature Reserves

Ordinance, 1998” , pengeluaran kayu balak adalah terkawal. Ini menyebabkan,

pengeluaran kayu balak telah berkurangan mulai tahun 1998.

Sabah


Sabah. Data yang diperoleh bermula dari tahun 1947.

2. Data perhutanan meliputi keluasan hutan, pengeluaran kayu balak dan bilangan

pekerja dalam industri berasaskan kayu. Bilangan pekerja dalam industri

berasaskan kayu di Sabah, tidak termasuk pekerja di dalam sektor pembalakan.

3. Pengeluaran kayu balak di Sabah meliputi pengeluaran hutan asli sahaja. Industri

berasaskan kayu di Sabah meliputi kilang papan, kilang papan lapis, kilang kayu

kumai, kilang perabot, kilang papan blok, kilang papan serpai, kilang papan gentian

sederhana padat dan kilang papan serpih. Pengeluaran kayu balak mulai 1989

telah mengalami pengurangan disebabkan terdapatnya kawalan dalam

penebangan kayu balak.

106

FORESTRY

Explanatory notes

Malaysia

1. Statistics for forestry and logging are provided by Forestry Department Peninsular

Malaysia, Forestry Department Sabah and Forestry Department Sarawak. Data

obtained from these three department were aggregated to derive the total area and

production of logs at Malaysia level. The details on forestry by region are also

presented separately in the following segments.

Peninsular Malaysia

1. Statistics for forestry and logging are provided by Forestry Department, Peninsular

Malaysia. The data are available since 1947.

2. Forestry data covers forest area, production of logs, number of workers in the

wood-based industries and number of workers in other sector.

3. Production of major timber products are saw logs, sawn timber, plywood, veneer

and moulding. Major timber industries including sawmills, plywood/veneer mills,

moulding plant, furniture factory, block board plant, chipboard plant, medium density

fibreboard plant and moulded particleboard plant. The furniture/wood-making/

joinery mills constituted the largest number followed by the other sawmill industry.

Sarawak

1. Statistics for forestry and logging are provided by Forestry Department, Sarawak.

The data are available since 1964.

2. Forestry data covers forest area, production of logs and number of workers in the

wood-based industries. Number of workers in wood-based industry in Sarawak,

excluding workers in public and logging sector.

107

3. Log production can be divided into two (2) areas, that is hill forest and swamp

forest. With the “National Parks and Nature Reserves Ordinance, 1998”, the log

production was under control. This caused the decrease in the log production since

the year 1998.

Sabah

1. Statistics for forestry and logging are provided by Forestry Department, Sabah.

The data are available since 1947.

2. Forestry data covers forest area, production of logs and number of workers in the

wood-based industries. Number of workers in wood-based industry in Sabah,

excluding workers in logging sector.

3. Production of logs in Sabah covers natural forest production only. Major timber

industries in Sabah including sawmills, plywood/veneer mills, moulding plant,

furniture factory, block board plant, chipboard plant, medium density fibreboard plant

and moulded particleboard plant. Decreased in production of logs since year 1989

caused by the control in cutting down the logs.

108

17,500

18,000

18,500

19,000

19,500

20,000

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Hekta

r / H

ecta

res

('0

00)

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

45,000

50,000

Mete

r P

adu / C

ubic

Metr

es

('0

00)

Keluasan Hutan / Forest Area Pengeluaran Kayu Balak / Production of Logs

109

CARTA 7.1: PERANGKAAN UTAMA PERHUTANAN DAN PEMBALAKAN, 1987-2006, MALAYSIA

Chart 7.1: Principal Statistics of Forestry and Logging, 1987 - 2006, Malaysia

111

JADUAL 7.1 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA PERHUTANAN DAN PEMBALAKAN, 1987-2006, MALAYSIA

Table 7.1 : Principal Statistics of Forestry and Logging, 1987-2006, Malaysia

Tahun Keluasan Hutan Pengeluaran Kayu Balak

Year Forest Area Production of Logs

( '000 ) ( '000 )

Hektar/Hectares Meter Padu/Cubic Metres

1987 19,794 35,251

1988 19,707 36,486

1989 19,706 40,812

1990 19,618 40,100

1991 19,441 39,859

1992 19,296 43,510

1993 19,169 37,260

1994 18,974 35,671

1995 18,903 31,641

1996 18,785 30,140

1997 18,794 31,161

1998 18,702 21,672

1999 18,716 21,887

2000 18,694 23,073

2001 18,459 18,922

2002 18,411 20,649

2003 18,380 21,531

2004 18,338 22,039

2005 18,313 22,399

2006 18,302 21,740

JADUAL 7.2 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA PERHUTANAN DAN PEMBALAKAN, 1948-2006, SEMENANJUNG MALAYSIA

Table 7.2 : Principal Statistics of Forestry and Logging, 1948 - 2006, Peninsular Malaysia

Tahun Keluasan Pengeluaran Bilangan Pekerja

Year Hutan Kayu Balak dalam Industri Berasaskan Kayu

Forest area Production Number of Workers in the Wood-Based Industries

of Logs Bil. Pekerja Bil. Pekerja Bil. Pekerja Bil. Pekerja Lain-lain Jumlah

Industri Industri Industri Industri Keseluruhan

Balak Papan Papan Lapis Kayu kumai

('000) ('000) Number of Number of Number of Number of Others Grand Total Hektar/ Meter Padu / Workers in Workers in Workers in Workers in Hectares Cubic Metres the Logging the Sawmills the Plywood the Moulding Industries Industries Industries Industries

1948 9,914 201 .. .. .. .. 299 299

1949 9,876 242 .. .. .. .. 306 306

1950 9,756 226 .. .. .. .. 359 359

1951 9,717 262 .. .. .. .. 300 300

1952 9,715 274 .. .. .. .. 174 174

1953 9,700 368 .. .. .. .. 230 230

1954 9,729 537 .. 6,777 83

.. 202 7,062

1955 9,604 643 .. 7,565 285

.. 206 8,056

1956 9,586 762 .. 7,336 312

.. 180 7,828

1957 9,518 960 .. .. .. .. .. ..

1958 9,475 1,154 .. 6,749 257

.. 276 7,282

1959 9,494 1,562 .. 7,138 6

.. 512 7,656

1960 9,465 2,248 .. 7,749 339

.. 521 8,609

1961 8,964 2,219 .. 7,876 303

.. 555 8,734

1962 8,816 2,309 .. .. .. .. .. ..

1963 5,733 2,697 .. 8,942 543

.. 479 9,964

1964 8,629 2,979 .. 9,842

.. .. .. 9,842

1965 8,556 3,223 .. 10,572

.. .. .. 10,572

1966 8,102 3,808 .. .. .. .. .. ..

1967 8,193 4,197 .. .. .. .. .. ..

1968 8,068 5,076 .. .. .. .. .. ..

1969 8,035 5,336 .. 10,674 4,249

.. 747 15,670

1970 8,009 6,542 .. 12,337 6,293

.. 847 19,477

1971 7,875 7,150 .. 13,538 8,559

.. 819 22,916

1972 7,587 8,920 .. 16,303 9,857

.. 1,076 27,236

1973 7,450 9,691 .. 17,000 11,092

.. 1,170 29,262

1974 7,319 8,623 12,190 18,954 8,701 128 10,198 50,171

1975 7,290 7,533 12,211 18,267 7,458 124 10,695 48,755

1976 7,199 9,597 15,540 16,972 8,906 119 11,305 52,842

1977 6,968 9,721 14,457 29,150 10,790 170 12,756 67,323

1978 6,839 9,412 15,241 23,725 12,184 1,662 .. 52,812

1979 6,445 10,402 .. .. .. .. .. ..

1980 6,360 10,453 .. .. .. .. .. ..

1981 6,293 10,226 .. .. .. .. .. ..

1982 6,231 9,841 .. .. .. .. .. ..

1983 6,373 10,238 .. .. .. .. .. ..

112

JADUAL 7.2 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA PERHUTANAN DAN PEMBALAKAN, 1948-2006, SEMENANJUNG MALAYSIA (samb.) Table 7.2 : Principal Statistics of Forestry and Logging, 1948 - 2006, Peninsular Malaysia (cont'd.)

Tahun Keluasan Pengeluaran Bilangan Pekerja

Year Hutan Kayu Balak dalam Industri Berasaskan Kayu

Forest area Production Number of Workers in the Wood-Based Industries

of Logs Bil. Pekerja Bil. Pekerja Bil. Pekerja Bil. Pekerja Lain-lain Jumlah

Industri Industri Industri Industri Keseluruhan

Balak Papan Papan Lapis Kayu kumai ('000) ('000) Number of Number of Number of Number of Others Grand Total Hektar/ Meter Padu / Workers in Workers in Workers in Workers in Hectares Cubic Metres the Logging the Sawmills the Plywood the Moulding Industries Industries Industries Industries

1984 6,282 9,182 .. .. .. .. .. ..

1985 6,353 7,914 .. .. .. .. .. ..

1986 6,455 7,890 .. .. .. .. .. ..

1987 6,348 9,422 .. .. .. .. .. ..

1988 6,288 11,119 .. .. .. .. .. ..

1989 6,320 13,155 15,461 30,046 15,933 3,707 .. 65,147

1990 6,270 12,819 17,072 32,005 17,071 3,769 .. 69,917

1991 6,111 12,285 17,183 34,420 18,042 4,357 .. 74,002

1992 6,042 13,030 12,049 35,329 18,975 3,597 .. 69,950

1993 6,024 11,234 16,876 33,347 17,833 4,082 .. 72,138

1994 5,893 11,389 13,506 29,591 18,316 6,551 .. 67,964

1995 5,887 9,030 12,940 26,075 16,259 8,591 .. 63,865

1996 5,821 8,419 13,798 27,967 13,403 8,569 .. 63,737

1997 5,853 7,380 13,824 28,734 11,073 6,887 .. 60,518

1998 5,839 5,100 10,375 18,044 8,926 7,348 .. 44,693

1999 5,938 5,356 12,475 21,764 9,812 7,996 .. 52,047

2000 5,978 5,072 10,443 23,186 9,464 7,168 .. 50,261

2001 5,924 4,155 9,726 23,164 7,563 4,261 .. 44,714

2002 5,893 4,358 9,164 20,903 7,775 4,154 .. 41,996

2003 5,880 4,419 8,976 20,748 8,206 3,975 .. 41,905

2004 5,867 4,573 6,876 21,898 8,447 5,473 .. 42,694

2005 5,888 4,405 9,961 22,209 7,107 5,864 .. 45,141

2006 5,899 4,623 7,921 22,827 6,076 4,996 .. 41,820

113

JADUAL 7.3 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA PERHUTANAN DAN PEMBALAKAN, 1964-2006, SARAWAK

Table 7.3 : Principal Statistics of Forestry and Logging, 1964-2006, Sarawak

Tahun Keluasan Pengeluaran Kayu Balak Bilangan Pekerja

Year Hutan Production of Logs dalam Industri

Forest Area ( '000 ) Berasaskan Kayu

( '000 ) Number of Workers in the

Hektar/Hectares Wood-Based Industries

Hutan Bukit Hutan Paya Jumlah

Hill Forest Swamp Forest Total

1964 .. .. .. 1,842 ..

1965 .. .. .. 2,312 ..

1966 .. .. .. 2,983 ..

1967 .. .. .. 3,622 ..

1968 .. .. .. 4,230 ..

1969 .. .. .. 4,241 ..

1970 .. .. .. 4,690 ..

1971 .. .. .. 4,128 ..

1972 .. .. .. 3,171 ..

1973 .. .. .. 3,270 ..

1974 .. .. .. 2,827 ..

1975 .. .. .. 2,512 ..

1976 .. .. .. 4,413 5,997

1977 .. .. .. 4,884 6,475

1978 .. .. .. 5,983 6,594

1979 .. .. .. 7,519 5,681

1980 .. .. .. 8,399 5,906

1981 .. .. .. 8,697 8,398

1982 .. .. .. 11,243 8,576

1983 .. .. .. 10,565 8,027

1984 .. .. .. 11,402 8,897

1985 .. .. .. 12,285 8,472

1986 .. .. .. 11,471 8,793

1987 8,729 .. .. 13,655 9,518

1988 8,728 .. .. 14,387 10,777

1989 8,716 .. .. 18,163 13,903

1990 8,700 .. .. 18,838 19,032

1991 8,685 .. .. 19,411 21,325

1992 8,647 .. .. 18,848 26,843

1993 8,626 .. .. 16,735 35,608

1994 8,564 .. .. 16,318 45,869

1995 8,499 .. .. 16,092 50,433

1996 8,477 .. .. 16,083 59,610

1997 8,466 .. .. 16,823 70,402

1998 8,390 .. .. 11,307 63,600

1999 8,343 .. .. 13,096 61,136

2000 8,291 12,254 2,020 14,274 54,200

2001 8,115 10,591 1,588 12,179 62,680

2002 8,106 10,587 1,268 11,855 35,903

2003 8,100 10,778 1,375 12,153 40,680

2004 8,091 10,815 1,236 12,051 51,970

2005 8,065 10,969 1,067 12,036 51,000

2006 8,063 10,948 916 11,864 36,244

Meter Padu/Cubic Metres

114

115

JADUAL 7.4 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA PERHUTANAN DAN PEMBALAKAN, 1947 - 2006, SABAH

Table 7.4 : Principal Statistics of Forestry and Logging, 1947 - 2006, Sabah

Tahun Keluasan Penanaman Pengeluaran Bilangan Pekerja

Year Hutan Kayu Balak Kayu Balak dalam Industri Forest Area Plantation Production Berasaskan Kayu

Of Logs of Logs Number of Workers in the

Wood-Based Industries

( '000 ) ( '000 ) Hektar/Hectares Meter Padu/Cubic Metres Meter Padu/Cubic Metres

1947 7,222 .. 138 .. 1948 7,222 .. 201 .. 1949 7,222 .. 242 .. 1950 7,222 .. 226 .. 1951 7,222 .. 262 .. 1952 7,222 .. 274 .. 1953 7,174 .. 368 .. 1954 7,174 .. 537 .. 1955 7,174 .. 643 .. 1956 6,864 .. 762 .. 1957 6,586 .. 960 .. 1958 6,586 .. 1,154 .. 1959 6,586 .. 1,562 .. 1960 6,450 .. 2,165 .. 1961 6,450 .. 2,619 .. 1962 6,447 .. 2,794 .. 1963 6,447 .. 3,455 .. 1964 6,436 .. 3,584 .. 1965 6,436 .. 4,162 .. 1966 6,436 .. 5,553 .. 1967 6,360 .. 5,708 .. 1968 6,360 .. 5,907 .. 1969 6,360 .. 6,200 .. 1970 6,360 .. 6,559 .. 1971 6,360 .. 6,952 .. 1972 6,360 .. 8,525 .. 1973 6,360 .. 11,102 .. 1974 6,360 .. 9,921 .. 1975 5,538 .. 9,118 .. 1976 5,538 .. 12,587 .. 1977 5,517 .. 12,977 .. 1978 5,437 .. 13,289 .. 1979 5,357 .. 10,839 .. 1980 5,357 .. 9,062 10,269

1981 5,013 .. 11,731 7,854

1982 4,969 22,997 11,739 8,583

1983 4,895 61,354 11,991 9,579

1984 4,836 68,053 10,504 9,337

1985 4,777 95,073 10,757 6,000

1986 4,737 166,657 9,811 6,573

1987 4,717 223,038 12,174 6,641

1988 4,691 224,294 10,980 8,369

1989 4,670 245,263 9,494 9,786

1990 4,648 188,842 8,443 15,169

1991 4,645 225,184 8,163 26,926

1992 4,607 228,893 11,632 32,578

1993 4,519 255,405 9,291 46,035

1994 4,517 303,314 7,964 62,499

1995 4,517 345,497 6,519 70,027

1996 4,487 293,360 5,638 71,063

1997 4,475 488,275 6,958 78,866

1998 4,473 261,764 5,265 74,161

1999 4,435 472,226 3,435 65,984

2000 4,425 423,727 3,727 63,835

2001 4,420 511,632 2,588 50,443

2002 4,412 434,353 4,436 40,404

2003 4,400 459,729 4,959 38,583

2004 4,380 672,037 5,415 38,845

2005 4,360 605,281 5,958 41,825

2006 4,340 582,264 5,253 47,726

117

PERIKANAN

Nota Keterangan

1. Data perikanan yang diterbitkan dari tahun 1954 hingga 2006 diperoleh daripada

Jabatan Perikanan Malaysia. Data perikanan meliputi bilangan nelayan, pendaratan

ikan laut serta pengeluaran akuakultur. Data bagi tempoh antara 1954 hingga 1987

merujuk kepada Semenanjung Malaysia sahaja. Manakala data mulai 1988 hingga

2006 merujuk kepada Malaysia.

2. Sektor perikanan dikategorikan kepada tangkapan ikan marin (laut) dan akuakultur.

Akuakultur merujuk kepada penangkapan ikan, kerang-kerangan, tiram dan lain-lain

di laut, tasik atau sungai dan juga penangkapan ikan untuk kegunaan sendiri dan

bukan untuk sukan. Nilai pendaratan ikan laut adalah bergantung kepada gred-gred

jenis ikan dan mengikut harga borong pasaran semasa.

FISHERIES

Explanatory Notes

1. Fisheries statistics published for the period 1954 to 2006 are provided by

Department of Fisheries Malaysia. The data cover the number of fishermen,

landings of marine fish and aquaculture production. Data for reference year 1954 to

1987 refer to Peninsular Malaysia only. While data from 1988 to 2006 refer to

Malaysia.

2. The fisheries sector is categorized into the marine capture and aquaculture.

Aquaculture refer to fish farming, shellfish cultivation, oyster farming, etc. in sea,

lakes or rivers and fishing for home consumption and not as sports. Value of

landings marine fish refer to type of grade fish and according to current wholesale

market values.

CARTA 8.1 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA PENDARATAN IKAN LAUT DAN PENGELUARAN AKUAKULTUR, 1987 - 2006, MALAYSIA

Chart 8.1 : Principal Statistics of Marine Fish Landings and Aquaculture Production, 1987 - 2006, Malaysia

0

200,000

400,000

600,000

800,000

1,000,000

1,200,000

1,400,000

1,600,000

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Tan M

etr

ik / T

onnes

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

Tan M

etr

ik / T

onnes

Pendaratan Ikan Laut / Marine Fish Landing

Pengeluaran Akuakultur / Aquaculture Production

119

JADUAL 8.1 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA PENDARATAN IKAN LAUT DAN PENGELUARAN AKUAKULTUR DAN NILAI, 1954 - 2006, MALAYSIA

Table 8.1 : Principal Statistics of Marine Fish Landings and Aquaculture Production And Value, 1954 - 2006, Malaysia

Tahun Bilangan Pendaratan Ikan Laut Pengeluaran Akuakultur

Year Nelayan Marine Fish Landing Aquaculture Production

Number of Tan Metrik Nilai Tan Metrik Nilai

Fishermen Tonnes Value Tonnes Value

RM RM (‘000)

1954 49,532 109,934 126,648,706 .. .. 1955 61,212 109,422 122,484,414 .. .. 1956 50,690 111,083 132,891,166 .. .. 1957 49,443 110,863 135,612,388 .. .. 1958 51,616 112,104 110,098,711 .. .. 1959 50,541 118,622 106,191,270 .. .. 1960 53,784 139,469 118,053,361 .. .. 1961 53,083 150,650 133,868,862 .. .. 1962 55,510 170,207 154,348,608 .. .. 1963 59,449 183,636 157,008,760 .. .. 1964 61,465 192,158 163,428,172 .. .. 1965 68,188 198,377 173,785,211 .. .. 1966 62,457 236,607 .. .. .. 1967 62,153 301,856 232,144,400 .. .. 1968 61,501 339,482 171,612,969 .. .. 1969 63,614 297,840 163,991,877 .. .. 1970 68,154 294,296 170,945,839 .. .. 1971 67,961 317,973 182,206,534 .. .. 1972 69,252 306,209 298,459,976 .. .. 1973 68,290 365,384 433,972,490 .. .. 1974 70,805 432,652 543,427,510 .. .. 1975 73,304 375,235 531,643,284 .. .. 1976 73,536 410,968 642,238,381 .. .. 1977 75,645 497,952 828,493,529 .. .. 1978 83,694 564,898 1,293,411,275 .. .. 1979 82,926 570,905 987,575,584 .. .. 1980 88,972 623,898 977,997,347 .. .. 1981 86,925 649,315 1,214,691,631 .. .. 1982 80,237 567,323 1,234,231,334 14,865 46,139

1983 75,590 570,527 1,286,523,081 12,910 42,694

1984 76,368 600,473 1,359,428,957 4,081 14,038

1985 69,530 574,354 1,337,678,411 51,710 49,606

1986 59,452 561,967 1,339,272,170 51,644 42,631

1987 60,569 859,014 1,342,535,840 46,200 48,800

1988 88,963 825,631 1,375,868,876 46,958 89,627

1989 93,545 882,492 1,665,821,108 53,119 118,207

1990 88,494 951,307 1,960,595,274 52,303 132,779

1991 84,862 911,933 1,852,926,243 64,844 165,154

1992 85,085 1,023,516 2,379,955,900 79,699 207,363

1993 80,278 1,047,350 2,378,613,100 105,237 292,430

1994 79,802 1,065,585 2,584,294,776 114,114 365,042

1995 82,200 1,108,436 2,710,905,665 132,742 392,670

1996 79,616 1,126,689 3,322,157,377 109,062 462,402

1997 78,989 1,168,973 3,675,231,166 107,984 609,039

1998 81,547 1,215,206 3,817,223,207 133,647 654,295

1999 83,952 1,248,402 4,143,274,322 166,974 775,085

2000 81,994 1,285,696 4,399,238,970 167,894 970,323

2001 84,496 1,231,289 4,166,112,789 177,019 1,206,589

2002 82,303 1,272,078 4,206,804,450 191,843 1,081,285

2003 89,433 1,283,256 4,013,619,991 196,873 1,172,310

2004 89,453 1,331,645 4,241,449,745 202,225 1,158,465

2005 90,702 1,209,601 4,017,520,428 207,220 1,196,006

2006 97,947 1,398,864 4,939,322,940 212,067 1,291,748

121

123

PEMBUATAN

Nota Keterangan

1. Data sektor pembuatan diperoleh daripada penyiasatan dan banci bagi industri

pembuatan. Penyiasatan pertama telah dilaksanakan bagi tahun rujukan 1960

manakala banci pertama dijalankan bagi tahun rujukan 1959. Banci seterusnya

dijalankan pada tahun 1963, 1968, 1973, 1981, 1993, 2000 dan 2005.

2. Bagi tempoh antara banci, penyiasatan telah dilaksanakan secara tahunan kecuali

1980 dan 1998. Liputan penyiasatan adalah lebih daripada 75 peratus daripada

jumlah guna tenaga bagi sektor pembuatan.

3. Data bagi tahun 1959 hingga 1979 merujuk kepada Semenanjung Malaysia

manakala data bagi tahun-tahun lain merujuk kepada Malaysia.

4. Data bagi Output Kasar untuk tahun 1959 hingga 1978 merujuk kepada nilai jualan

kasar manakala data bagi Kos Input merujuk dengan nilai bagi bahan-bahan yang

dibeli. Bagi tahun 2005, Kos Input termasuk bayaran terhadap perkhidmatan bukan

perindustrian.

5. Data pekerja bagi tahun 1959 hingga 1969 merujuk kepada pekerja bergaji

manakala data bagi tahun 1970 hingga 2005 merujuk kepada jumlah pekerja.

124

MANUFACTURING

Explanatory Notes

1. Data on the manufacturing sector are collected from surveys and censuses of

manufacturing industries. The first survey was conducted for reference year 1960,

while the first census was for reference year 1959. Subsequent censuses were

carried out in 1963, 1968, 1973, 1981, 1993, 2000 and 2005.

2. During the inter-censal years, surveys were canvassed annually except for years

1980 and 1998. The survey coverage is designed to cover more than 75 percent of

total employment of the manufacturing sector.

3. Data for years 1959 to 1979 refer to Peninsular Malaysia while data for the other

years refer to Malaysia.

4. Data on Gross Output for years 1959 to 1978 refer to gross value of sales,

while data on Cost of Input refer to the value of materials purchased. For year 2005,

Cost of Input includes payments for non-industrial services.

5. Employment data for year 1959 to 1969 refer to paid employees while data for

years 1970 to 2005 refer to total employment.

JADUAL 9.1 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA INDUSTRI PEMBUATAN, 1959 - 2005, MALAYSIA

Table 9.1 : Principal Statistics of Manufacturing Industries, 1959 - 2005, Malaysia

Tahun Nilai Kos Input Nilai Jumlah Bilangan Orang Gaji & Upah Nilai Harta

Year Pengeluaran Cost of Input Ditambah yang Bekerja pada yang Dibayar yang

Kasar

Value Added 31hb. Disember atau Salaries & Dimiliki pada

Gross Value

Tempoh Pembayaran Wages Paid 31hb. Disember

of Output

Gaji Terakhir Value of Assets

Number of Persons Owned as at Engaged as at 31st 31st December RM Juta RM Juta RM Juta December or the RM Juta RM Juta

RM Million RM Million RM Million Last Pay Period RM Million RM Million

1959 BC 1,218 1,013 234 60,570 91 ..

1960 1,210 1,008 211 45,141 77 ..

1961 1,055 863 221 47,525 83 ..

1962 1,183 945 262 54,420 95 ..

1963 BC 1,689 1,302 420 87,450 154 ..

1964 1,700 1,334 402 67,562 132 ..

1965 1,955 1,483 501 79,668 167 ..

1966 2,176 1,643 576 89,886 183 ..

1967 2,597 1,911 709 110,416 231 ..

1968 BC 3,406 2,542 953 161,151 301 ..

1969 3,621 2,611 1,081 142,913 297 ..

1970 4,316 3,033 1,277 175,216 363 1,231

1971 4,560 3,202 1,358 193,529 405 1,377

1972 5,627 4,006 1,621 226,782 474 1,771

1973 BC 8,322 5,846 2,476 323,304 641 2,429

1974 11,008 8,085 2,923 303,624 783 3,186

1975 11,339 8,158 3,181 311,009 871 3,759

1976 14,373 10,500 3,873 350,950 1,080 4,592

1977 16,504 11,869 4,635 375,606 1,259 5,023

1978 19,468 13,917 5,550 406,751 1,456 5,527

1979 25,906 18,854 7,051 450,556 1,803 6,419

1980 .. .. .. .. .. ..

1981 BC 38,278 28,788 9,490 580,039 2,827 10,467

1982 37,627 28,244 9,383 520,914 3,009 11,634

1983 41,474 30,887 10,587 493,158 3,177 15,792

1984 46,256 33,954 12,301 498,952 3,509 18,199

1985 45,586 33,470 12,115 476,260 3,622 21,386

1986 42,427 30,272 12,155 478,920 3,632 21,383

125

126

JADUAL 9.1 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA INDUSTRI PEMBUATAN, 1959 - 2005, MALAYSIA (samb.) Table 9.1 : Principal Statistics of Manufacturing Industries, 1959 - 2005, Malaysia (cont'd.)

Tahun Nilai Kos Input Nilai Jumlah Bilangan Orang Gaji & Upah Nilai Harta

Year Output Kasar Cost of Input Ditambah yang Bekerja pada yang Dibayar yang

Value of

Value Added 31hb. Disember atau Salaries & Dimiliki pada

Gross Output

Tempoh Pembayaran Wages Paid 31hb. Disember

Gaji Terakhir Value of Assets

Number of Persons Owned as at

Engaged as at 31st 31st. December RM Juta RM Juta RM Juta December or the RM Juta RM Juta

RM Million RM Million RM Million Last Pay Period RM Million RM Million

1987 50,700 37,383 13,317 517,773 3,872 23,032

1988 BC 65,197 48,938 16,259 598,578 4,426 24,752

1989 80,802 60,211 20,591 698,060 5,340 27,809

1990 95,814 71,284 24,530 844,733 6,674 35,463

1991 120,298 89,158 31,140 976,937 8,411 45,944

1992 134,150 99,050 35,099 1,034,084 9,830 56,404

1993 BC 156,712 114,787 41,925 1,150,957 11,688 67,449

1993 164,974 120,767 44,207 1,266,727 12,397 69,445

1994 196,912 147,380 49,532 1,225,396 13,603 80,777

1995 246,923 187,294 59,629 1,389,545 16,466 98,749

1996 273,439 201,901 71,538 1,448,771 19,171 112,831

1997 297,130 217,957 79,173 1,411,447 20,500 127,855

1998 .. .. .. .. .. ..

1999 361,389 273,599 87,790 1,358,176 21,443 143,879

2000 BC 440,005 333,928 106,077 1,574,797 26,123 164,077

2001 395,995 300,869 95,126 1,392,172 24,571 160,095

2002 456,542 346,742 109,800 1,489,056 27,214 176,999

2003 516,857 394,965 121,891 1,502,928 28,137 183,597

2005P BC 654,682 537,0173 117,665 1,675,221 32,773 191,007

2004 601,799 463,926 137,873 1,542,542 30,259 184,838

PEMBINAAN

Nota Keterangan

1. Perangkaan dalam laporan ini merujuk kepada kerja-kerja pembinaan yang

dijalankan oleh kontraktor berdaftar .

2. Pembinaan merangkumi terutamanya pembinaan baru, pengubahsuaian,

pembaikan dan perobohan. Pemasangan sebarang jenis mesin atau peralatan

yang sedia terpasang pada masa pembinaan asal turut diambil kira. Demikian juga

bagi pemasangan mesin atau alat selepas pembinaan asal yang memerlukan

pengubahsuaian struktur bagi memasangnya. Pembinaan atas akaun sendiri tidak

diambil kira.

3. Sumber data ini diperoleh terutamanya daripada banci/penyiasatan pembinaan

yang dijalankan secara dwitahunan (sejak tahun rujukan 1996). Data bagi tahun

rujukan 1963 hingga 1970 merujuk kepada perangkaan utama industri pembinaan

bagi Semenanjung Malaysia manakala data mulai tahun 1971 merujuk kepada

Malaysia.

4. Nilai pengeluaran kasar bagi tahun rujukan 1981, 1982 dan 1984 dianggarkan

daripada jumlah nilai hasil bagi semua pertubuhan. Jumlah hasil dianggarkan

melebihi 0.5% daripada nilai pengeluaran kasar.

5. Mulai tahun 1998, penyiasatan ini meliputi pertubuhan yang mempunyai nilai kerja

pembinaan melebihi RM500,000.00 dan ke atas.

6. Penyiasatan tidak dijalankan bagi tahun 1980, 1997, 1999, 2001 dan 2003.

127

CONSTRUCTION

Explanatory Notes

1. The statistics presented in this report refer to construction work done by registered

contractors.

2. Construction includes mainly new construction, alteration, repair and demolition.

Installation of any machinery or equipment which is built-in at the time of the original

construction is included. Also included is the installation of machinery or equipment

after the original construction but which requires structural alteration in order to

install. Own account construction is not included.

3. Source of data is primarily from the census/biannual survey of construction (since

reference year 1996). Data for reference years 1963 to 1970 refer to the principal

statistics of the construction industries in Peninsular Malaysia while data since

reference years 1971 refer to Malaysia.

4. Gross value of output for reference years 1981, 1982 and 1984 was estimated from

total revenue of all establishments. It is estimated that total revenue overstates

gross value of output by 0.5%.

5. Since reference year 1998, this survey covers establishments whose value of

construction work done was RM500,000.00 and above.

6. There was no survey carried out for years 1980, 1997, 1999, 2001 and 2003.

128

JADUAL 10.1 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA INDUSTRI PEMBINAAN, 1963 - 2005, MALAYSIA

Table 10.1 : Principal Statistics of Construction Industries, 1963 - 2005, Malaysia

Tahun Bilangan Nilai Kos Input Nilai Jumlah Bilangan Gaji & Nilai Harta

Year Pertubuhan Pengeluaran Cost of Input Ditambah Orang yang bekerja Upah Tetap yang

Number of Kasar Value Added pada 31hb. Disember yang Dimiliki pada

Establishments Gross Value

atau Tempoh Dibayar 31hb. Disember

of Output

Pembayaran

Salaries & Value of Fixed

Gaji Terakhir Wages Paid Assets Owned

Number of Persons as at

Engaged as 31st. December

31st December or

the Last Pay Period

( RM `000 ) ( RM `000 ) ( RM `000 ) ( RM `000 ) ( RM `000 )

1963 2,985 404,881 227,456 .. .. 116,807 ..

1964 3,642 435,232 246,477 188,755 47,799 115,678 ..

1965 3,703 478,718 267,531 211,187 48,014 123,053 ..

1966 2,616 515,965 290,244 225,721 51,056 133,188 ..

1967 2,831 552,119 300,787 251,332 60,162 146,499 ..

1968 793 496,143 279,235 216,908 45,383 119,218 ..

1969 856 449,949 255,865 194,084 44,231 107,785 ..

1970 895 487,278 279,503 207,775 51,702 110,298 63,557

1971 1,010 565,864 330,295 235,569 60,285 131,458 64,171

1972 1,164 709,797 407,948 301,849 71,614 164,820 76,880

1973 1,299 927,245 532,910 394,335 80,135 210,686 112,357

1974 1,541 1,301,740 744,418 557,322 101,679 279,482 139,536

1975 1,868 1,780,873 952,811 828,062 106,812 337,607 264,688

1976 1,969 1,983,732 1,043,388 940,344 109,190 370,724 320,844

1977 2,751 2,578,356 1,459,235 1,119,121 140,622 505,180 409,905

1978 3,026 2,817,526 1,588,733 1,228,793 150,004 583,203 510,724

1979 2,790 2,641,870 1,588,621 1,053,249 142,012 587,128 471,289

1980 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1981 4,584 6,086,140 .. .. 243,603 1,353,637 992,746

1982 5,127 8,111,496 .. .. 282,337 1,814,947 1,311,596

1983 5,101 9,108,806 5,490,943 3,617,863 306,412 2,061,897 1,394,430

1984 5,377 9,702,165 .. .. 297,811 2,057,250 1,657,136

1985 5,187 9,648,075 6,026,749 3,621,326 294,065 2,068,500 1,659,006

129

JADUAL 10.1 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA INDUSTRI PEMBINAAN, 1963 - 2005, MALAYSIA (samb.) Table 10.1 : Principal Statistics of Construction Industries, 1963 - 2005, Malaysia ( cont'd)

Tahun Bilangan Nilai Kos Input Nilai Jumlah Bilangan Gaji & Nilai Harta

Year Pertubuhan Pengeluaran Cost of Input Ditambah Orang yang bekerja Upah Tetap yang

Number of Kasar

Value Added pada 31hb. Disember yang Dimiliki pada

Establishments Gross Value

atau Tempoh Dibayar 31hb. Disember

of Output

Pembayaran Salaries & Value of Fixed

Gaji Terakhir Wages Paid Assets Owned Number of Persons as at Engaged as 31st. December 31st December or the Last Pay Period ( RM `000 ) ( RM `000 ) ( RM `000 ) ( RM `000 ) ( RM `000 )

1986 5,011 8,026,323 4,969,549 3,056,774 250,172 1,763,377 1,399,598

1987 4,595 5,914,975 3,626,309 2,288,666 195,632 1,330,808 1,232,589

1988 4,882 6,187,098 3,895,746 2,291,352 201,576 1,370,473 1,088,458

1989 5,466 8,288,596 5,288,569 3,000,027 250,481 1,832,498 1,264,102

1990 6,012 11,938,881 7,551,229 4,387,652 305,547 2,560,663 1,864,485

1991 6,610 15,573,500 9,773,588 5,799,912 362,748 3,379,424 2,149,622

1992 6,991 19,634,765 12,185,822 7,448,943 425,285 4,401,867 4,469,927

1993 7,141 24,290,382 14,971,166 9,319,216 447,177 5,191,357 4,827,026

1994 6,230 28,311,075 16,960,992 11,350,083 507,516 6,487,381 4,115,590

1995 5,144 34,703,278 21,051,706 13,651,572 533,500 7,711,800 5,261,964

1996 10,755 44,642,489 27,464,500 17,177,989 627,369 10,118,370 6,500,288

1997 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1998 5,168 40,270,328 24,720,952 15,549,376 551,866 9,687,610 7,128,504

1999 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2000 5,068 39,872,025 25,280,056 14,591,970 458,580 8,722,298 6,688,178

2001 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2002 4,328 41,755,583 27,005,984 14,749,599 455,663 9,108,167 6,152,177

2003 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2004 4,450 45,775,525 30,039,692 15,735,833 449,944 9,284,764 6,623,488

2005 p BC 10,348 53,954,878 35,068,457 18,886,421 551,472 10,916,629 7,486,537

130

131

PERLOMBONGAN

Nota Keterangan

1. Data bagi sektor ini merangkumi perlombongan bijih besi, perlombongan bijih timah,

pembilasan amang, perlombongan bauksit, perlombongan antimoni, perlombongan

emas, perlombongan tembaga, perlombongan barite, perlombongan petroleum

mentah dan gas asli.

2. Data bagi perlombongan antimoni, perlombongan tembaga, perlombongan petroleum

mentah dan perlombongan gas asli mula diambil kira sejak tahun 1981.

3. Sumber utama data adalah Banci Tahunan Industri Perlombongan yang mana telah

dimulakan pada tahun rujukan 1963. Sejak itu, banci dijalankan seperti biasa kecuali

bagi tahun rujukan 1980, 1982, 1994, 1996 dan 1998. Bagi tahun 2001 hingga 2004,

data hanya merujuk kepada Banci Petroleum Mentah dan Gas Asli sahaja.

4. Pengeluaran bersih Gas Asli bagi tahun 1973 hingga 1982 dalam Jadual 11.2 hanya

merangkumi pengeluaran Kasar bagi Gas Asli Bersekutu. Dari 1983 dan seterusnya,

data merangkumi kedua-dua Gas Asli Bersekutu dan Tidak Bersekutu.

PENGKUARIAN BATU

Nota Keterangan

1. Data diperoleh daripada Banci Pengkuarian Batu. Banci yang pertama telah mula

dijalankan pada tahun rujukan 1972. Data bagi tahun rujukan 1973 merujuk kepada

Semenanjung Malaysia sahaja. Walau bagaimanapun, banci tidak dijalankan bagi

tahun rujukan 1980, 1982, 1994, 1996, 1997, 1999 dan 2001 hingga 2004.

132

MINING

Explanatory Notes

1. Data on this sector include iron ore mining, tin ore mining, amang retreatment,

bauxite mining, antimony mining, gold mining, copper mining, barite mining, crude

petroleum and natural gas mining.

2. Data on antimony mining, copper mining, crude petroleum and natural gas mining are

included from reference year 1981.

3. The main source of data is the Annual Census of Mining Industries which was first

conducted for reference year 1963. Since then, the census has been canvassed on a

regular basis except for reference years 1980, 1982, 1994, 1996 and 1998. In 2001 to

2004, data refer to crude petroleum and natural gas only.

4. Net production of Natural Gas for years 1973 to 1982 in Table 11.2 includes only

Gross Production of Associated Natural Gas. From 1983 onwards, the data include

both Associated and Non-Associated Natural Gas.

STONE QUARRYING

Explanatory Notes

1. Data was compiled from the Annual Census of Stone Quarrying Industries. The first

census was carried out for reference year 1972. Data for reference year 1973 refer to

Peninsular Malaysia only. There was no census carried out for reference years 1980,

1982, 1994, 1996, 1997, 1999 and from 2001 until 2004.

JADUAL 11.1 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA INDUSTRI PERLOMBONGAN, 1963 - 2005, MALAYSIA

Table 11.1 : Principal Statistics of Mining Industries, 1963 - 2005, Malaysia

Tahun Bilangan

Nilai Kos Input Nilai Jumlah Pekerja Gaji & Upah Nilai Harta

Year Pertubuhan

Pengeluaran Cost of Input Ditambah pada bulan yang Dibayar Tetap yang

Number of Kasar Value Added Disember atau Salaries & Dimiliki pada

Establishments

Gross Value pada Tempoh Wages Paid 31hb. Disember

of Output Gaji Terakhir Value of

Total Number of Fixed Assets

Persons Engaged Owned as at

during December or 31st. December

( RM ' 000 ) ( RM ' 000 ) ( RM ' 000 ) the Last Pay Period ( RM ' 000 ) ( RM ' 000 )

1963 724 504,997 68,982 436,015 39,492 118,862 ..

1964 887 662,055 89,141 572,914 51,601 116,203 ..

1965 1,159 763,237 122,136 641,101 60,791 104,757 ..

1966 1,584 731,087 137,436 593,651 62,791 118,153 ..

1967 1,552 704,505 148,618 555,887 61,063 123,045 ..

1968 1,505 674,196 212,814 461,382 58,773 161,239 ..

1969 1,446 713,613 218,237 495,376 56,319 158,572 ..

1970 1,506 760,530 218,086 542,444 64,686 145,463 311,571

1971 1,538 672,029 218,390 453,639 63,257 133,754 280,995

1972 1,555 667,143 227,164 439,979 59,763 130,862 293,262

1973 1,435 686,943 213,936 473,007 54,608 129,516 291,558

1974 1,492 987,512 315,345 672,167 56,302 152,185 317,058

1975 1,391 836,914 337,282 499,632 49,810 153,727 400,506

1976 1,268 1,013,901 354,844 659,057 46,527 150,145 379,568

1977 1,232 1,074,873 405,387 669,486 46,596 157,991 429,025

1978 1,286 1,289,257 483,591 805,666 49,650 193,143 444,479

1979 1,330 1,462,751 548,374 914,377 48,534 216,940 477,037

1980 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1981 981 8,727,076 1,031,389 7,695,687 45,005 410,802 3,659,544

1982 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1983 851 9,525,516 1,231,911 8,293,605 36,444 427,641 4,985,360

1984 790 11,300,852 1,227,267 10,073,585 33,965 536,635 5,974,102

1985 761 11,332,988 1,039,294 10,293,694 31,075 519,581 5,929,646

1986 472 8,092,078 741,525 7,350,553 23,191 483,347 5,335,298

1987 356 9,728,968 693,091 9,035,877 20,843 473,410 6,207,373

133

JADUAL 11.1 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA INDUSTRI PERLOMBONGAN, 1963 - 2005, MALAYSIA (samb.) Table 11.1 : Principal Statistics of Mining Industries, 1963 - 2005, Malaysia (cont'd.)

Tahun Bilangan Nilai Kos Input Nilai Jumlah Pekerja Gaji & Upah Nilai Harta

Year Pertubuhan Pengeluaran Cost of Input Ditambah pada bulan yang Dibayar Tetap yang

Number of Kasar Value Added Disember atau Salaries & Dimiliki pada

Establishments

Gross Value

pada Tempoh Wages Paid 31hb. Disember

of Output Gaji Terakhir Value of

Total Number of Fixed Assets

Persons Engaged Owned as at during December or 31st. December ( RM ' 000 ) ( RM ' 000 ) ( RM ' 000 ) the Last Pay Period ( RM ' 000 ) ( RM ' 000 )

1988 374 9,876,234 1,286,905 8,589,329 21,972 461,394 6,426,766

1989 395 12,008,912 1,737,095 10,271,817 24,435 500,261 6,889,936

1990 370 15,570,702 2,159,457 13,411,245 23,283 543,705 8,154,241

1991 227 15,509,457 2,186,625 13,322,832 18,548 555,303 10,715,232

1992 181 14,340,019 2,386,104 11,953,915 18,228 613,565 11,791,559

1993 151 12,733,651 2,175,618 10,558,033 15,781 687,926 9,590,919

1994 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1995 100 15,193,397 1,862,283 13,331,114 12,326 623,609 8,377,135

1996 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1997 83 19,531,412 1,687,171 17,844,241 10,792 627,305 13,908,404

1999 109 25,355,915 1,923,768 23,432,147 12,652 726,846 14,855,293

2000 109 38,922,691 2,522,746 36,399,945 9,646 674,195 13,057,237

2001 8 34,818,902 2,454,945 32,363,957 8,895 773,115 14,029,697

2002 8 37,235,959 3,134,615 34,101,344 9,563 883,895 17,012,546

2003 8 46,892,044 4,123,468 42,768,576 9,663 953,632 18,794,926

2004 8 62,569,636 5,229,565 56,340,071 7,427 789,507 29,339,044

2005 p BC 47 80,382,072 4,697,736 75,684,336 10,095 1,002,185 29,932,506

134

JADUAL 11.2 : PENGELUARAN, IMPORT DAN EKSPORT PETROLEUM MENTAH DAN PENGELUARAN GAS ASLI, 1963 - 2007, MALAYSIA Table 11.2 : Production, Imports and Exports of Crude Petroleum and Production of Natural Gas, 1963 - 2007, Malaysia

Tahun Petroleum Mentah Gas Asli Year Crude Petroleum Natural Gas

Pengeluaran Import Eksport* Pengeluaran Bersih

Production Imports Exports Net Production

'000 Tan JPKS

'000 Tonne MMSCF

1963 52 604 .. ..

1964 49 2,190 .. ..

1965 49 2,261 .. ..

1966 48 2,687 .. ..

1967 46 7,433 2,184 ..

1968 201 8,745 2,899 ..

1969 447 9,018 3,044 ..

1970 859 9,121 3,641 ..

1971 3,275 8,715 6,522 ..

1972 4,432 3,838 3,137 ..

1973 4,339 3,256 2,884 3,187

1974 3,874 2,826 2,327 2,888

1975 4,683 2,807 3,240 5,873

1976 8,025 3,239 6,417 21,601

1977 8,892 3,771 7,354 21,759

1978 10,554 4,225 9,153 85,137

1979 13,845 4,426 12,034 105,611

1980 13,245 3,961 11,227 93,129

1981 12,360 3,552 10,143 84,668

1982 15,543 2,540 11,974 113,565

1983 18,372 3,701 14,224 157,409

1984 21,371 2,553 16,497 271,963

1985 21,202 2,252 16,701

345,333

1986 23,853 1,933 18,792

416,100

1987 23,604 1,563 17,999

457,113

1988 25,749 1,509 19,899

463,426

1989 27,950 1,019 21,323

493,132

1990 29,556 1,004 22,110

502,538

1991 30,787 1,084 22,595

546,896

1992 31,291 1,138 22,526

593,814

1993 30,583 1,672 21,019

715,927

1994 31,125 1,538 19,061

816,368

1995 33,315 1,271 19,165

972,383

1996 33,730 1,397 17,495

1,188,122

1997 33,105 1,256 15,872

1,364,246

1998 33,934 1,929 18,071

1,358,500

1999 32,340 3,247 17,725

1,442,395

2000 31,931 6,963 16,672

1,598,325

2001 31,465 8,559 15,118

1,657,685

2002 33,545 6,845 16,192

1,706,846

2003 36,878 7,991 17,913

1,829,586

2004 35,936 7,888 18,686

1,901,888

2005 34,909 9,121 18,223

2,116,033

2006 34,847 10,277 16,866

2,107,680

2007 p .. .. .. 2,136,795

Nota / Note : * Termasuk eksport semula / Including re-export

135

JADUAL 11.3 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA PENGKUARIAN BATU, 1972 - 2005, MALAYSIA Table 11.3 : Principal Statistics of Stone Quarrying, 1972 - 2005, Malaysia

Tahun Bilangan Nilai Kos Nilai Jumlah Pekerja Gaji & Upah Nilai Harta

Year Pertubuhan Pengeluaran Bahan-Bahan Ditambah pada Bulan yang Dibayar Tetap yang

Number of Kasar yang Value Added Disember atau Salaries & Dimiliki pada

Establishments Gross Value Digunakan pada Tempoh Wages Paid 31hb. Disember

of Output Cost of Input Gaji Terakhir Value of Fixed

Total Number of Assets Owned as

Persons Engaged at 31st. December

during December

or the Last

Pay Period

( RM ' 000 ) ( RM ' 000 ) ( RM ' 000 ) ( RM ' 000 ) ( RM ' 000 )

1972 171 61,970 25,705 36,265 5,866 17,199 31,912

1973 160 69,656 30,774 38,882 5,743 17,013 37,005

1974 221 105,968 47,779 58,189 7,956 24,817 65,669

1975 231 138,699 57,108 81,591 8,198 28,584 94,456

1976 238 162,199 75,719 86,480 8,634 31,376 103,947

1977 233 166,582 76,293 90,289 8,335 33,614 110,055

1978 234 205,932 93,337 112,595 8,313 37,695 129,737

1979 233 255,477 121,182 134,295 8,987 45,031 137,517

1980 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1981 250 409,865 .. .. 9,264 63,814 177,476

1982 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1983 239 492,692 222,864 269,828 10,140 78,455 224,634

1984 244 552,977 .. .. 10,500 90,529 241,887

1985 226 508,664 224,017 284,647 9,993 88,930 254,084

1986 209 420,175 178,693 241,482 8,901 78,282 225,388

1987 195 347,666 221,191 126,475 7,971 69,114 200,695

1988 187 354,978 219,653 135,325 8,201 70,721 173,391

1989 194 458,354 278,194 180,160 9,370 84,901 176,834

1990 193 614,600 371,952 242,648 9,939 100,983 247,969

1991 199 726,289 426,006 300,283 11,009 122,448 303,212

1992 230 959,205 564,426 394,779 11,854 147,762 431,723

1993 247 1,040,786 598,490 442,296 12,068 160,221 483,800

1994 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1995 258 1,259,561 751,064 508,497 13,675 206,248 730,840

1996 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1997 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1998 239 1,354,807 809,201 545,606 13,507 232,253 1,106,752

1999 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2000 220 1,284,662 746,421 538,241 11,608 210,353 1,198,608

2005 p BC 180 1,540,119 940,719 599,400 9,319 203,158 947,327

2001 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2002 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2003 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2004 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

136

ELEKTRIK

Nota Keterangan

1. Data menunjukkan jumlah penjanaan elektrik di dalam negara. Jumlah bekalan

ditunjukkan secara berasingan bagi pemasangan perbadanan awam (TNB, SESB

dan SESCO) dan pemasangan swasta.

2. Data bagi tenaga elektrik yang dieksport/import merujuk kepada eksport/import

tenaga elektrik ke/dari negara Thailand/Singapura.

3. Sumber data tenaga elektrik diperoleh daripada Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB),

Sabah Elektrik Sdn. Bhd. (SESB), Perbadanan Bekalan Elektrik Sarawak (SESCO)

dan pengeluar tenaga bebas.

ELECTRICITY

Explanatory Notes

1 Data refer to total electricity generated in the country. Total supply is shown

separately for public corporations (TNB, SESB and SESCO) and private

installations.

2. Data on electricity exported/imported refer to the export/import of electricity to/from

Thailand/Singapore.

3. Data are sourced from Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB), Sabah Electricity Sdn. Bhd.

(SESB), Sarawak Electricity Supply Corporation (SESCO) and independent power

producers.

137

JADUAL 12.1 : ELEKTRIK YANG DIJANAKAN, 1955 - 2006, MALAYSIA Table 12.1 : Electricity Generated, 1955 - 2006, Malaysia

( Juta / Million ) KWH

Jenis 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961

Type

1. Pemasangan Awam Public Installations a. Stesen Wap 567 604 680 576 609 862 985

Steam Stations b. Stesen Disel 61 80 77 81 86 92 99

Diesel Stations c. Stesen Hidro 199 202 213 171 165 166 185

Hydro Stations d. Turbin Gas 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Gas Turbines e. Lain-lain 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Others

Jumlah

Total

2. Pemasangan Swasta Private Installations a. Stesen Wap 44 35 21 3 .. .. .. Steam Stations b. Stesen Disel 41 45 43 34 33 40 46




Others

Jumlah

Total 121 116 100 66 59 69 76

3. Jumlah Mengikut Jenis Total by Type a. Stesen Wap 611 639 701 579 609 862 985





Others

JUMLAH 948 1,002 1,070 894 919 1,189 1,345

TOTAL

827 886 970 828 860 1120 1269

139

JADUAL 12.1 : ELEKTRIK YANG DIJANAKAN, 1955 - 2006, MALAYSIA (samb.) Table 12.1 : Electricity Generated, 1955 - 2006, Malaysia (cont'd.)

Jenis 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969

Type

1. Pemasangan Awam Public Installations a. Stesen Wap 1,076 1,109 1,078 1,304 1,458 1,713 1,951 1,878

Steam Stations b. Stesen Disel 115 136 153 156 148 112 82 92

Diesel Stations

c. Stesen Hidro 209 299 531 575 677 711 790 1,000

Hydro Stations d. Turbin Gas 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .. Gas Turbines e. Lain-lain 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .. Others

Jumlah

Total 1,400 1,544 1,762 2,035 2,283 2,536 2,823 2,970

2. Pemasangan Swasta Private Installations a. Stesen Wap .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Steam Stations b. Stesen Disel 48 60 79 81 89 92 83 84

Diesel Stations c. Stesen Hidro 26 18 12 12 15 15 15 14

Hydro Stations d. Turbin Gas 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Gas Turbines e. Lain-lain 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Others

Jumlah

Total 74 78 91 93 104 107 98 98

3. Jumlah Mengikut Jenis Total by Type a. Stesen Wap 1,076 1,109 1,078 1,304 1,458 1,713 1,951 1,878

Steam Stations b. Stesen Disel 163 196 232 237 237 204 165 176

Diesel Stations c. Stesen Hidro 235 317 543 587 692 726 805 1,014

Hydro Stations d. Turbin Gas 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Gas Turbines e. Lain-lain 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Others

JUMLAH 1,474 1,622 1,853 2,128 2,387 2,643 2,921 3,068

TOTAL

140

1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979

1,944 2,347 2,704 3,157 3,765 4,176 4,848 5,690 6,242 6,330

113 339 396 450 504 572 643 691 858 1,012

1,189 1,033 1,142 1,108 996 994 907 759 819 1,119

.. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 327

.. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

3,246 3,719 4,242 4,715 5,265 5,742 6,398 7,140 7,936 8,788

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

88 54 56 224 210 233 315 346 407 411

13 13 13 10 10 11 11 10 10 9

0 0 0 21 22 24 25 26 24 26

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

101 67 69 255 242 268 351 382 441 446

1,944 2,347 2,704 3,157 3,765 4,176 4,848 5,690 6,242 6,330

201 393 452 674 714 805 958 1,037 1,265 1,423

1,202 1,046 1,155 1,118 1,006 1,005 918 769 829 1,128

0 0 0 21 22 24 25 26 41 353

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

3,347 3,786 4,311 4,970 5,507 6,010 6,749 7,522 8,377 9,234


141

JADUAL 12.1 : ELEKTRIK YANG DIJANAKAN, 1955 - 2006, MALAYSIA (samb.)

Table 12.1 : Electricity Generated, 1955 - 2006, Malaysia (cont'd.)

Jenis 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986

Type

1. Pemasangan Awam Public Installations a. Stesen Wap 6,903 7,312 7,905 8,545 7,895 6,818 7,437

Steam Stations b. Stesen Disel 1,102 1,172 1,288 1,399 1,197 1,127 841

Diesel Stations c. Stesen Hidro 1,388 1,564 1,275 1,674 3,384 3,757 4,050

Hydro Stations d. Turbin Gas 297 312 354 467 631 2,478 3,085


Others

Jumlah

Total 9,690 10,360 10,822 12,085 13,107 14,180 15,413

2. Pemasangan Swasta Private Installations a. Stesen Wap .. .. 0 3 3 71 135





Others

Jumlah

Total 496 535 676 570 545 816 876

3. Jumlah Mengikut Jenis Total by Type a. Stesen Wap 6,903 7,312 7,905 8,548 7,898 6,889 7,572

Steam Stations b. Stesen Disel 1,560 1,663 1,918 1,822 1,607 1,605 1,265

Diesel Stations c. Stesen Hidro 1,398 1,578 1,290 1,685 3,397 3,775 4,069

Hydro Stations d. Turbin Gas 325 342 385 600 750 2,727 3,383

Gas Turbines

e. Lain-lain 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Others

JUMLAH 10,186 10,895 11,498 12,655 13,651 14,996 16,289

TOTAL

1987

7,504

812

4,880

3,520

0

16,716

138

454

24

284

0

900

7,642

1,266

4,904

3,804

0

17,616

142


1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997

7,855 10,424 12,456 14,022 14,568 15,336 13,787 14,096 14,753 14,699

821 888 1,019 1,053 907 966 1,027 1,083 1,135 1,401

5,580 5,266 3,943 4,405 4,331 4,921 6,521 6,166 5,139 3,917

4,225 4,111 6,131 7,150 10,556 12,886 17,207 23,019 29,314 37,038

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

18,481 20,689 23,549 26,630 30,362 34,109 38,542 44,364 50,341 57,055

121 378 441 285 303 273 343 277 247 266

450 472 496 532 461 588 511 926 999 259

23 27 39 39 26 4 0 0 0 0

287 323 738 849 734 605 538 696 824 833

0 0 0 0 0 0 123 369 408 262

881 1,200 1,714 1,705 1,524 1,470 1,515 2,268 2,478 1,620

7,976 10,802 12,897 14,307 14,871 15,609 14,130 14,373 15,000 14,965

1,271 1,360 1,515 1,585 1,368 1,554 1,538 2,009 2,134 1,660

5,603 5,293 3,982 4,444 4,357 4,925 6,521 6,166 5,139 3,917

4,512 4,434 6,869 7,999 11,290 13,491 17,745 23,715 30,138 37,871

0 0 0 0 0 0 123 369 408 262

19,362 21,889 25,263 28,335 31,886 35,579 40,057 46,632 52,819 58,675

1998

13,819

1,865

4,799

37,986

395

58,864

275

228

..

893

211

1,607

14,094

2,093

4,799

38,879

606

60,471

143

JADUAL 12.1 : ELEKTRIK YANG DIJANAKAN, 1955 - 2006, MALAYSIA (samb.)


Jenis 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Type

1. Pemasangan Awam Public Installations a. Stesen Wap 13,312 12,241 11,943 16,322 20,936 19,339 22,979 24,042 Steam Stations b. Stesen Disel 1,809 2,048 2,217 2,352 2,757 2,613 2,824 3,005 Diesel Stations c. Stesen Hidro 7,460 6,835 6,039 5,271 4,971 5,926 6,572 6,780 Hydro Stations d. Turbin Gas 37,946 43,574 49,983 49,328 53,130 60,412 60,949 63,834 Gas Turbines e. Lain-lain 481 503 634 601 732 913 960 1,245 Others

Jumlah Total 61,008 65,201 70,816 73,874 82,526 89,202 94,284 98,906

2. Pemasangan Swasta Private Installations a. Stesen Wap 274 290 251 277 255 286 275 221 Steam Stations b. Stesen Disel 186 161 197 194 198 193 177 187 Diesel Stations c. Stesen Hidro 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 Hydro Stations d. Turbin Gas 928 870 852 819 878 811 1,314 1,353 Gas Turbines e. Lain-lain 157 164 164 164 164 169 164 164 Others

Jumlah Total 1,545 1,485 1,464 1,454 1,495 1,459 1,930 1,925

3. Jumlah Mengikut Jenis Total by Type a. Stesen Wap 13,586 12,531 12,194 16,599 21,191 19,624 23,253 24,263 Steam Stations b. Stesen Disel 1,995 2,209 2,414 2,546 2,955 2,805 3,001 3,192 Diesel Stations c. Stesen Hidro 7,460 6,835 6,039 5,271 4,971 5,926 6,572 6,780 Hydro Stations d. Turbin Gas 38,874 44,444 50,835 50,147 54,009 61,222 62,264 65,187 Gas Turbines e. Lain-lain 638 667 798 765 896 1,083 1,124 1,409 Others

JUMLAH 62,553 66,686 72,280 75,328 84,022 90,661 96,214 100,831 TOTAL

Table 12.1 : Electricity Generated, 1955 - 2006, Malaysia (cont'd.)

144

INDEKS PENGELUARAN PERINDUSTRIAN

Nota Keterangan

1. Indeks Pengeluaran Perindustrian (IPP) meliputi sektor Perlombongan, Pembuatan

dan Elektrik. Objektif utama IPP adalah untuk mengukur kadar perubahan sebenar

dalam pengeluaran komoditi bagi satu tempoh masa.

2. IPP yang disusun adalah satu wajaran purata aritmetik tahun asas bagi kuantiti

relatif yang dikira mengikut formula Laspeyres. Ia telah disusun buat kali pertama

dengan menggunakan tahun 1968 sebagai tahun asas (1968=100). Pengasasan

semula telah dilakukan pada tahun 1981, 1985, 1988, 1993 dan terkini kepada

tahun 2000.

3. IPP merujuk kepada peringkat Malaysia manakala bagi tahun asas 1968 dan 1981

merujuk kepada Semenanjung Malaysia.

INDEX OF INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION

Explanatory Notes

1. The Index of Industrial Production (IIP) covers the Mining, Manufacturing and

Electricity sectors. The main objective of the IIP is to measure the rate of change in

the production of industrial commodities in real terms over time.

2. The IIP compiled is a base year weighted arithmetic average of quantity relatives

calculated by the Laspeyres formula. It was first constructed with 1968 as the base

year (1968=100). Subsequently, the IIP was rebased to 1981, 1985, 1988, 1993

and currently to 2000.

3. The IIP refers to Malaysia except those for 1968 and 1981 base years refer to

Peninsular Malaysia.

145

JADUAL 13.1 : INDEKS PENGELUARAN PERINDUSTRIAN, 1968 - 2007, MALAYSIA

Table 13.1 : Index of Industrial Production, 1968 - 2007, Malaysia

Tempoh Indeks Keseluruhan Perlombongan Pembuatan Elektrik

Period Overall Index Mining Manufacturing Electricity

Tahun Asas : 1968=100 Base Year

Wajaran/Weights 100.0 31.4 59.4 9.2

1968 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

1970 117.7 95.5 129.8 115.3

1971 120.0 85.3 137.8 123.1

1972 132.2 85.0 156.1 138.8

1973 150.6 80.6 187.1 153.5

1974 167.6 75.4 215.8 170.0

1975 167.6 70.7 216.0 185.0

1976 193.4 69.6 256.9 206.0

1977 210.2 64.6 284.2 229.0

1978 227.0 68.9 306.5 253.4

1979 246.4 69.5 334.7 279.3

1980 265.0 67.7 362.6 307.4

1981 273.5 66.5 374.6 326.9

1982 279.3 57.7 387.1 339.2

1983 287.3 45.5 401.0 378.2

1969 109.1 97.6 115.6 105.7

147

JADUAL 13.1 : INDEKS PENGELUARAN PERINDUSTRIAN, 1968 - 2007, MALAYSIA (samb.) Table 13.1 : Index of Industrial Production, 1968 - 2007, Malaysia (cont'd.)

Tempoh Indeks Keseluruhan Perlombongan Pembuatan Elektrik

Period Overall Index Mining Manufacturing Electricity



1981 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

1983 118.6 132.0 112.6 115.6

1984 137.6 165.6 125.4 124.7

1985 133.3 166.4 117.6 134.7

1986 147.0 192.4 126.1 147.5

1987 159.4 197.9 141.9 159.4

1988 182.3 222.2 164.1 176.6



1985 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

1987 118.8 112.4 123.6 117.7

1988 135.0 120.8 145.8 130.0

1989 148.8 130.8 162.2 146.6

1990 167.8 136.4 191.1 166.0



1988 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

1990 125.5 113.1 132.1 127.3

1991 139.5 118.9 150.4 144.1

1992 151.5 122.1 166.2 164.2

1993 166.2 123.6 187.6 184.4

1994 186.3 128.9 215.2 209.9

1995 210.6 139.8 246.4 239.5

1982 105.5 105.4 105.6 103.7

1986 110.2 111.6 109.4 108.6

1989 111.9 107.5 114.2 111.9

148

JADUAL 13.1 : INDEKS PENGELUARAN PERINDUSTRIAN, 1968 - 2007, MALAYSIA (samb.) Table 13.1 : Index of Industrial Production, 1968 - 2007, Malaysia (cont'd.)

Tempoh Indeks Keseluruhan Perlombongan Pembuatan Elektrik Period Overall Index Mining Manufacturing Electricity



1993 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

1995 127.1 112.8 131.2 129.9

1996 141.1 119.4 147.3 146.5

1997 156.1 122.3 165.6 167.3

1998 144.9 123.6 148.6 173.0

1999 158.0 119.7 167.8 179.7

2000 188.3 119.4 209.7 190.7

2001 180.4 122.7 195.8 207.1

2002 188.8 124.9 204.7 228.5

2003 206.3 131.6 226.1 241.7

2004 229.6 139.2 254.7 261.7

2005 238.9 139.3 266.2 276.6

Tahun Asas : 2000=100

Base Year


2000 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

2002 101.2 104.9 98.4 119.9

2003 110.5 110.5 109.1 126.8

2004 122.5 117.0 123.0 137.2

2005 126.9 115.1 129.3 145.1

2006 133.3 111.2 139.0 152.5

2007 136.3 114.7 141.6 158.4

1994 112.4 103.6 114.9 113.8

2001 96.7 103.1 93.5 108.7

149

INDEKS HARGA PENGELUAR

Nota Keterangan

1. Indeks Harga Pengeluar (IHPR) adalah satu indeks yang disusun menggunakan

formula Laspeyres base-weighted. Ia bertujuan untuk mengukur perubahan harga

komoditi yang dikenakan oleh pengeluar tempatan dan yang dibayar oleh

pengimport bagi mengimport barangan ke Malaysia.

2. IHPR bagi tahun asas 1972, 1978 dan 1989 meliputi sektor industri berikut:

i. Pertanian, Perhutanan & Pembalakan dan Perikanan

ii. Perlombongan & Penggalian

iii. Perkilangan

iv. Air, Gas & Elektrik

Namun bagi tahun asas 2000, IHPR meliputi lima sektor ekonomi berikut iaitu:

i. Pertanian

ii. Perikanan

iii. Perlombongan

iv. Pembuatan

v. Elektrik, Gas dan Bekalan air

3. IHPR bagi tahun asas 1972 merujuk kepada Semenanjung Malaysia sahaja

manakala bagi tahun asas 1978 dan seterusnya merujuk kepada Malaysia.

4. Bagi siri tahun asas 1972, IHPR dikelaskan mengikut sembilan kumpulan komoditi

(0-8), S.I.T.C. Manakala bagi tahun asas 1978 dan seterusnya dikelaskan

mengikut sepuluh kumpulan komoditi (0-9), S.I.T.C. Penambahan ini berpunca

daripada pemecahan kumpulan komoditi daripada “Pelbagai barang keluaran

kilang” dan “Pelbagai komoditi & transaksi yang tidak dikelaskan secara khusus

dalam S.I.T.C.”.

151

PRODUCER PRICE INDEX

Explanatory Notes

1. The Laspeyres base-weighted formula is used to compile Producer Price Index

(PPI). It is designed to measure the changes in the price of commodities charged

by domestic producers and those paid by importers for importing goods into

Malaysia.

2. The PPI for base year 1972, 1978 and 1989 covers the following industrial sectors :

i. Agriculture, Forestry & Logging and Fishing

ii. Mining & Quarrying

iii. Manufacturing

iv. Water, Gas & Electricity

For base year 2000, PPI covers five broad sectors of economy as follows:

i. Agriculture

ii. Fishing

iii. Mining

iv. Manufacturing

v. Electricity, gas and water supply

3. The PPI for base year 1972 refers to Peninsular Malaysia only while for base year

1978 and year after refers to Malaysia.

4. For the series with 1972 as the base year, the PPI is sub-classified into nine

commodity groups (0-8), S.I.T.C.. For base year 1978 and year after being

classified into ten commodity groups (0-9), S.I.T.C.. The difference is due to a

further sub-classification of the commodity group “Miscellaneous manufactured

articles” of the series with 1972 as the base year into two groups viz,

“Miscellaneous manufactured articles” and “Commodities & transactions not

classified elsewhere in the S.I.T.C.”.

152

153

CARTA 14.1 : INDEKS HARGA PENGELUAR (2000=100) BAGI BARANGAN DALAM EKONOMI TEMPATAN MENGIKUT SEKSYEN BARANGAN (S.I.T.C.), 2000 - 2007, MALAYSIA

Chart 14.1 : Producer Price Index (2000=100) for Goods in the Domestic Economy by Commodity Sections (S.I.T.C.), 2000-2007, Malaysia

Makanan & Binatang hidup yg boleh dimakan / Food & live animals chiefly for food

Minuman-minuman & tembakau / Beverages & tobacco

Bahan mentah tak boleh dimakan kecuali bahan api / Crude materials, inedible except fuels

Kimia & keluaran kimia t.t.t.l / Chemicals & related products n.e.c.

Minyak galian/pelicin & bahan yang berhubungan / Mineral fuels, lubricants & related materials

Minyak & lemak binatang & sayur-sayuran / Animal, vegetable oils & fats

Barang perkilangan dijeniskan mengikut bahan / Manufactured goods classified chiefly by material

Alat jentera & kelengkapan pengangkutan / Machinery & transport equipment

Pelbagai barang keluaran kilang / Miscellaneous manufactured articles

0.0

20.0

40.0

60.0

80.0

100.0

120.0

140.0

160.0

180.0

200.0

220.0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Indeks /

Index

JADUAL 14.1 : INDEKS HARGA PENGELUAR (1972=100) BAGI BARANGAN DALAM EKONOMI TEMPATAN MENGIKUT

SEKSYEN BARANGAN (S.I.T.C.), 1972 - 1983, SEMENANJUNG MALAYSIA

Table 14.1 : Producer Price Index (1972=100) for Goods in the Domestic Economy by Commodity Sections (S.I.T.C.),

1972 - 1983, Peninsular Malaysia

Seksyen/Sections

Tempoh Jumlah Makanan Minuman Bahan Minyak Minyak Kimia Barang Alat Pelbagai

Period Total & & mentah galian/ & & per- jentera barang

binatang tembakau tak pelicin lemak keluaran kilangan & ke- keluaran

hidup Beverages boleh & binatang kimia dijeniskan lengkapan kilang

yang & dimakan bahan dan t.t.t.l. mengikut peng- Miscella-

boleh tobacco kecuali yang ber- sayur- Chemicals bahan angkutan neous

dimakan bahan- hubungan sayuran & Manu- Machinery manu-

Food api Mineral Animal related factured & factured

& live Crude fuels, & products goods transport articles

animals materials, lubricants vegetable n.e.c. classified equipment

chiefly inedible & oils chiefly by

for food except related and material

fuels materials fats

Wajaran Weights

(1972=100) 100.0 23.9 4.6 27.7 6.0 2.9 4.3 16.9 10.2 3.5

1972 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

1973 122.2 118.3 103.8 147.0 105.1 133.0 107.4 112.5 106.4 110.8

1974 153.4 139.5 109.0 173.5 189.9 258.9 149.7 153.2 113.5 126.7

1975 147.3 144.5 120.1 149.8 204.8 182.8 162.1 142.6 125.9 126.9

1976 162.6 144.1 121.2 188.4 224.0 175.4 150.6 157.4 135.8 135.5

1977 176.6 150.4 127.4 204.9 229.1 242.0 151.4 186.4 144.3 137.1

1978 188.0 157.4 134.8 225.4 231.3 230.1 155.1 200.5 156.9 141.7

1979 210.5 157.8 138.7 265.0 299.9 265.1 172.2 222.9 169.3 155.4

1980 230.9 169.0 146.1 289.7 410.5 216.0 192.7 244.3 174.4 166.9

1981 232.8 183.8 167.1 256.8 507.5 209.5 206.1 239.7 181.8 175.7

1982 224.0 183.1 176.9 230.3 510.2 178.9 198.2 233.9 183.2 178.3

1983 233.3 182.1 214.2 260.5 480.5 213.1 192.8 233.1 188.1 182.5

155

JADUAL 14.2 : INDEKS HARGA PENGELUAR (1978=100) BAGI BARANGAN DALAM EKONOMI TEMPATAN MENGIKUT SEKSYEN BARANGAN (S.I.T.C.), 1978 - 1995, MALAYSIA Table 14.2 : Producer Price Index (1978=100) for Goods in the Domestic Economy by Commodity Sections (S.I.T.C.),

1978 - 1995, Malaysia

Seksyen/Sections

Tempoh Jumlah Makanan Minuman- Bahan Minyak Minyak Kimia & Barang Alat Pelbagai Pelbagai Period Total & Minuman mentah galian/ & lemak keluaran perkila- jentera & barang pernia-

binatang & tak pelicin & binatang kimia ngan keleng- keluaran gaan &

hidup tembakau boleh bahan & sayur- t.t.t.l dijeniskan kapan kilang barangan

yang Beverages dimakan yang sayuran Chemi- mengikut pengang- Miscella- t.t.t.l.

boleh & kecuali berhubu- Animal cals and bahan kutan neous dalam

dimakan tobacco bahan- ngan & vege- related Manu- Machinery manu- S.I.T.C.

Food & api Mineral table oils products factured & transport factured Commo-

live Crude fuels, & fats n.e.c. goods equipment articles dities &

animals materials, lubricants classified

transac-

chiefly inedible & related

chiefly by

tions

for food except materials

material

n.e.c in

fuels

the

S.I.T.C

Wajaran

Weights

(1978=100) 100.0 16.8 2.7 20.8 11.3 5.9 4.4 14.9 17.8 4.1 1.4

1978 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

1979 111.6 101.5 102.3 120.4 120.2 115.2 112.3 110.2 105.8 107.6 130.4

1980 122.3 109.0 108.1 130.7 152.8 94.2 126.6 121.9 114.1 115.7 175.1

1981 127.0 118.6 124.6 118.9 178.6 91.7 133.2 125.5 117.7 124.0 207.2

1982 123.9 118.7 131.8 110.3 176.5 77.4 128.7 124.2 117.6 125.0 205.8

1983 126.6 118.7 157.0 120.1 170.0 89.8 126.8 123.2 119.2 125.6 191.9

1984 131.0 124.2 163.4 121.8 168.0 138.1 127.1 122.5 120.5 127.4 203.1

1985 128.2 128.8 165.3 113.7 167.2 103.9 127.6 123.4 120.9 128.2 199.9

1986 120.3 134.8 167.9 108.3 138.2 59.1 127.7 112.8 121.0 131.4 159.7

1987 124.7 143.7 176.8 114.0 136.0 73.4 130.3 114.3 124.3 134.8 149.2

1988 133.9 154.3 177.9 132.9 131.0 98.3 136.6 122.1 128.8 139.9 155.4

1989 139.0 163.8 182.7 134.7 139.5 88.5 142.8 132.0 131.9 146.0 164.0

1990 140.2 174.8 184.3 123.6 163.5 67.2 143.1 128.5 132.9 148.4 190.8

1991 145.9 195.8 197.1 123.0 168.6 77.8 146.1 128.9 134.7 153.4 191.0

1992 147.5 203.5 208.5 124.5 160.7 89.0 144.6 128.2 135.9 156.2 172.9

1993 149.6 207.3 232.3 126.2 157.0 87.0 144.0 129.4 140.5 157.0 174.5

1994 156.9 220.0 243.7 142.2 153.0 109.8 146.6 130.6 141.4 161.8 175.1

1995 165.5 232.2 247.2 166.1 145.9 131.8 151.0 133.3 142.6 167.0 175.1

156

JADUAL 14.3 : INDEKS HARGA PENGELUAR (1989=100) BAGI BARANGAN DALAM EKONOMI TEMPATAN

MENGIKUT SEKSYEN BARANGAN (S.I.T.C.), 1989 - 2005, MALAYSIA


1989 - 2005, Malaysia

Seksyen/Sections

Tempoh Jumlah Makanan Minuman- Bahan Minyak Minyak Kimia & Barang Alat Pelbagai Pelbagai

Period Total & Minuman mentah galian/ & lemak keluaran perkila- jentera & barang pernia-








animals materials, lubricants classified transac-

chiefly inedible & related chiefly by tions

for food except materials material n.e.c in

fuels the

S.I.T.C

Wajaran

Weights

(1989=100) 100.0 14.9 2.1 18.0 18.8 8.5 4.4 10.8 18.4 3.6 0.6

1989 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

1990 100.7 100.7 101.0 107.5 104.4 80.7 99.0 100.6 99.3 102.5 101.1

1991 101.0 101.1 109.9 99.8 104.3 92.8 102.3 100.6 99.8 107.4 105.2

1992 104.3 103.4 121.7 103.2 105.2 104.3 106.0 107.7 100.1 107.9 106.7

1993 105.1 105.0 131.0 103.0 104.7 102.0 106.6 109.0 102.5 108.3 111.2

1994 109.3 111.0 133.7 113.4 100.0 121.5 107.0 112.4 102.9 114.1 113.1

1995 113.6 113.6 136.7 121.3 99.7 153.0 109.3 112.3 101.0 116.7 112.7

1996 116.2 119.9 137.4 119.4 112.2 144.2 110.5 113.2 101.5 120.7 113.0

1997 119.3 122.7 137.5 113.5 120.0 162.8 111.8 113.3 104.9 119.2 112.4

1998 132.1 133.1 139.6 116.9 116.9 266.6 117.0 121.0 111.1 125.6 114.8

1999 127.8 130.0 153.9 113.8 133.5 188.2 118.8 119.9 110.5 127.4 113.8

2000 131.8 130.5 154.5 115.3 178.8 128.1 120.0 121.0 110.4 128.6 114.2

2001 125.2 131.0 157.3 108.5 159.8 105.6 118.7 120.4 110.3 127.8 126.0

2002 130.7 131.5 163.4 116.1 159.8 154.7 117.9 120.2 110.0 127.5 129.3

2003 138.2 131.2 164.8 124.8 178.0 179.0 119.5 122.4 110.1 128.7 129.9

2004 150.5 135.9 167.4 133.0 217.7 202.7 124.6 125.5 110.2 129.5 130.1

2005 160.8 141.1 170.6 137.0 274.4 172.7 127.3 128.6 110.9 131.9 130.1

157

JADUAL 14.4 : INDEKS HARGA PENGELUAR (2000=100) BAGI BARANGAN DALAM EKONOMI TEMPATAN MENGIKUT

SEKSYEN BARANGAN (S.I.T.C.), 2000 - 2007, MALAYSIA


2000 - 2007, Malaysia

Seksyen/Sections

Tempoh Jumlah Makanan Minuman- Bahan Minyak Minyak Kimia & Barang Alat Pelbagai Komoditi Period Total & Minuman mentah galian/ & lemak keluaran perkila- jentera & barang dan tran-

binatang & tak pelicin & binatang kimia ngan keleng- keluaran yang tidak

hidup tembakau boleh bahan & sayur- t.t.t.l dijeniskan kapan kilang dikelaskan

yang Beverages dimakan yang sayuran Chemi- mengikut pengang- Miscella- dimana

boleh & kecuali berhubu- Animal cals and bahan kutan neous dalam SITC

dimakan tobacco bahan- ngan & vege- related Manu- Machinery manu- Comm. and

Food & api Mineral table oils products factured & transport factured Trans. not

live Crude fuels, & fats n.e.c. goods equipment articles classified

animals materials, lubricants

classified

elsewhere


chiefly by

in the SITC


material

fuels

Wajaran

Weights

(2000=100) 100.0 5.27 1.02 4.38 11.86 3.80 5.07 10.86 50.49 6.89 0.40

2000 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

2001 100.2 100.8 101.2 92.2 92.5 83.2 97.0 97.9 104.8 100.2 97.1

2002 99.5 100.1 101.4 102.7 90.3 107.0 97.7 95.8 102.0 97.4 103.5

2003 104.2 100.9 102.1 116.3 103.5 128.9 104.2 99.2 103.3 99.9 112.1

2004 110.7 107.8 104.1 128.2 124.3 140.7 114.7 109.3 105.1 102.0 117.9

2005 117.2 113.2 106.7 131.8 156.7 140.3 122.2 115.6 107.4 102.3 119.7

2006 123.2 116.7 112.9 150.9 173.9 139.9 126.3 119.9 111.2 105.9 135.7

2007 131.4 126.6 112.5 172.2 179.2 205.3 130.8 125.5 116.3 107.5 152.4

158

JADUAL 14.5 : INDEKS HARGA PENGELUAR (1972=100) BAGI PENGELUARAN TEMPATAN MENGIKUT SEKSYEN

BARANGAN (S.I.T.C.), 1972 - 1983, SEMENANJUNG MALAYSIA Table 14.5 : Producer Price Index (1972=100) for Local Production by Commodity Sections (S.I.T.C.), 1972 - 1983, Peninsular Malaysia

Seksyen/Sections

Tempoh Jumlah Makanan Minuman Bahan Minyak Minyak Kimia Barang Alat Pelbagai Period Total & & mentah galian/ & & per- jentera barang








animals materials, lubricants vegetable n.e.c. classified equipment chiefly inedible & oils chiefly by for food except related and material fuels materials fats

Wajaran Weights

(1972=100) 100.0 25.8 4.2 35.7 5.1 3.8 2.8 15.8 4.1 2.7

1972 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

1973 126.2 116.7 102.6 149.2 102.5 133.2 110.5 113.1 104.7 115.1

1974 158.7 136.4 106.7 175.0 163.0 262.4 155.2 162.8 119.0 135.8

1975 146.7 141.9 114.8 149.4 174.8 182.3 163.7 145.8 126.5 131.5

1976 165.2 141.2 113.7 189.5 190.6 175.6 147.5 164.4 138.6 139.5

1977 182.6 148.0 118.6 206.2 197.9 243.9 147.4 205.8 150.7 145.8

1978 195.4 154.4 124.9 227.2 202.8 232.5 154.6 223.5 166.0 149.4

1979 220.7 155.9 128.6 268.6 269.8 268.4 169.8 250.5 174.6 161.0

1980 240.1 165.7 138.3 293.2 359.1 216.5 189.1 275.7 179.1 175.9

1981 236.2 178.6 160.4 258.2 464.3 209.6 201.3 264.1 188.7 186.9

1982 225.8 183.7 172.4 230.5 468.3 177.4 192.5 254.7 193.6 192.7

1983 239.4 183.9 202.6 262.6 450.8 213.6 187.2 254.8 203.1 198.0

159


BARANGAN (S.I.T.C.), 1978 - 1995, MALAYSIA

Table 14.6 : Producer Price Index (1978=100) for Local Production by Commodity Sections (S.I.T.C.), 1978 - 1995, Malaysia

Seksyen/Sections










animals materials, lubricants classified

transac-


chiefly by

tions


material

n.e.c in

fuels

the

S.I.T.C

Wajaran

Weights

(1978=100) 100.0 18.3 2.8 27.2 12.0 8.2 2.6 14.6 9.5 3.5 1.6

1978 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

1979 112.5 102.6 102.0 121.4 117.6 115.3 110.0 110.5 102.0 108.7 136.6

1980 122.2 109.2 109.0 131.6 141.9 94.2 121.6 122.0 115.4 116.6 190.0

1981 124.8 118.3 127.0 118.9 165.4 91.6 126.8 123.4 115.0 125.3 228.6

1982 121.6 122.4 135.9 109.8 162.9 77.2 121.6 121.4 115.7 129.1 226.8

1983 125.9 122.9 158.7 120.4 159.8 89.7 122.8 122.1 117.4 132.6 209.3

1984 132.1 129.3 162.7 122.1 160.2 138.3 123.6 120.1 120.9 136.2 223.0

1985 127.9 135.8 165.3 113.2 157.7 103.9 123.0 121.1 119.9 137.3 219.2

1986 117.0 144.1 167.6 108.2 123.0 58.8 121.6 105.6 116.9 140.2 168.7

1987 122.6 154.9 174.5 114.6 122.9 73.1 123.3 106.2 122.0 143.7 154.5

1988 133.1 165.5 171.8 134.2 118.1 98.2 130.0 111.7 128.4 149.7 160.8

1989 138.1 173.9 176.4 135.4 130.0 88.2 134.8 120.9 134.4 156.5 170.6

1990 138.4 187.9 178.4 123.9 149.4 66.9 137.3 115.6 136.6 160.9 203.5

1991 144.9 214.8 192.8 123.7 147.0 77.5 142.0 115.8 139.3 169.0 203.4

1992 147.6 225.0 204.5 125.6 139.9 88.8 139.7 115.7 141.5 173.7 181.3

1993 150.0 230.3 229.3 127.5 136.3 86.8 138.6 116.1 149.7 174.3 183.1

1994 160.1 246.6 243.6 144.4 132.1 109.7 144.3 117.6 150.6 181.3 183.7

1995 172.5 261.1 248.2 169.7 130.1 131.9 152.0 120.8 153.4 189.6 183.6

160

JADUAL 14.7 : INDEKS HARGA PENGELUAR (1989=100) BAGI PENGELUARAN TEMPATAN MENGIKUT

SEKSYEN BARANGAN (S.I.T.C.), 1989 - 2005, MALAYSIA

Table 14.7 : Producer Price Index (1989=100) for Local Production by Commodity Sections (S.I.T.C.), 1989 - 2005, Malaysia

Seksyen/Sections













fuels the

S.I.T.C

Wajaran

Weights

(1989=100) 100.0 15.3 2.3 21.7 20.4 10.4 3.0 10.2 12.2 3.8 0.5

1989 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

1990 100.7 101.0 100.3 107.9 103.9 80.4 100.4 100.7 99.4 102.4 100.0

1991 100.7 101.8 109.0 99.8 103.4 92.5 103.7 100.6 98.4 108.2 108.0

1992 104.9 104.0 121.5 103.4 104.2 104.0 108.2 108.6 102.2 108.2 111.6

1993 105.4 105.0 131.8 103.4 103.3 101.8 108.2 109.8 105.6 107.7 119.6

1994 110.7 112.5 134.3 113.8 97.6 121.7 107.3 114.6 106.9 113.8 120.0

1995 115.9 114.5 137.6 121.9 97.2 153.8 108.7 113.2 105.8 116.5 120.0

1996 119.2 121.4 138.3 120.0 111.4 144.8 108.9 114.4 108.3 121.3 120.0

1997 122.2 124.6 138.1 113.8 119.7 163.8 110.6 114.6 110.3 119.8 120.0

1998 135.9 133.6 140.6 117.0 116.2 269.5 114.8 122.2 110.4 126.3 120.0

1999 130.6 130.1 156.2 113.9 135.5 189.7 117.2 121.1 110.0 128.3 120.0

2000 135.3 130.8 156.9 115.4 186.9 128.4 118.9 122.4 108.8 129.4 120.0

2001 127.0 131.2 159.9 108.3 165.4 105.6 117.0 121.7 109.1 128.5 137.7

2002 134.2 132.0 166.9 116.1 165.6 155.6 117.0 121.6 108.4 128.1 143.0

2003 143.3 131.1 168.6 125.2 186.3 180.3 120.0 124.3 108.3 129.3 143.9

2004 158.1 135.5 171.5 133.5 231.3 204.5 126.1 127.8 108.5 130.4 143.9

2005 170.6 141.5 174.9 137.6 295.6 173.9 128.4 131.2 109.6 133.3 143.9

161


BARANGAN (S.I.T.C.), 2000 - 2007, SEMENANJUNG MALAYSIA

Table 14.8 : Producer Price Index (2000=100) for Local Production by Commodity Sections (S.I.T.C.), 2000 - 2007, Peninsular Malaysia

Seksyen/Sections














Wajaran Weights

(2000=100) 100.0 6.08 1.31 5.53 15.55 5.70 4.02 10.91 43.58 7.31

2000 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

2001 98.2 100.5 102.1 91.2 91.9 82.8 95.3 97.9 102.8 101.7

2002 97.9 100.6 102.1 103.2 90.2 107.1 97.2 95.5 98.8 98.3

2003 102.5 100.4 103.2 117.3 103.5 129.1 104.5 99.1 97.8 101.4

2004 108.9 106.5 105.4 129.6 124.4 141.0 117.1 109.8 97.0 103.3

2005 116.9 112.8 108.2 132.8 154.6 140.8 127.4 115.3 100.9 103.0

2006 124.7 116.4 115.3 155.5 169.9 140.4 133.6 119.0 107.6 107.2

2007 134.1 127.1 114.5 181.0 176.1 206.7 138.8 123.9 111.7 108.5

162

JADUAL 14.9 : INDEKS HARGA PENGELUAR (1972=100) BAGI IMPORT MENGIKUT SEKSYEN BARANGAN (S.I.T.C.),

1972 - 1983, SEMENANJUNG MALAYSIA

Table 14.9 : Producer Price Index (1972=100) for Imports by Commodity Sections (S.I.T.C.), 1972 - 1983, Peninsular Malaysia

Seksyen/Sections














Wajaran Weights

(1972=100) 100.0 18.8 5.9 5.8 8.3 0.5 8.2 20.1 26.9 5.5

1972 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

1973 111.1 124.0 106.1 108.9 109.4 128.2 104.5 111.2 107.1 104.9

1974 138.9 150.7 113.6 149.4 235.3 190.1 144.6 132.5 111.2 114.3

1975 148.8 154.1 130.7 156.5 255.4 192.4 160.7 135.8 125.7 120.7

1976 155.7 154.7 136.0 170.2 280.2 177.6 153.5 142.0 134.7 129.7

1977 160.2 159.6 144.6 183.9 281.8 184.4 155.1 144.5 141.6 125.1

1978 167.7 168.9 154.2 195.2 279.6 183.0 155.6 150.6 153.0 131.2

1979 182.5 164.8 158.4 205.5 350.6 200.5 174.5 163.0 167.0 147.7

1980 205.7 181.6 161.5 230.2 497.2 206.6 196.2 176.0 172.4 154.5

1981 223.2 203.0 180.4 232.7 580.4 208.5 210.5 186.8 178.8 160.2

1982 218.8 181.0 185.8 226.5 580.9 207.1 203.6 188.8 178.9 158.5

1983 216.3 175.2 236.7 224.4 530.7 203.5 198.0 186.0 181.8 161.2

163


1978 - 1995, MALAYSIA

Table 14.10 : Producer Price Index (1978=100) for Imports by Commodity Sections (S.I.T.C.), 1978 - 1995, Malaysia

Seksyen/Sections













fuels the S.I.T.C.

(1978=100) 100.0 13.1 2.6 4.4 9.7 0.2 8.9 15.7 38.9 5.6 0.9

1979 109.1 97.8 103.1 104.9 128.6 103.4 114.0 109.5 108.2 105.8 103.8

1980 122.6 108.5 105.6 116.2 187.0 105.8 130.3 121.6 113.3 114.3 111.2

1981 132.6 119.7 118.0 119.1 220.0 106.6 138.0 130.6 119.3 121.9 115.3

1982 130.0 105.7 121.0 117.4 219.4 105.8 134.1 130.5 118.8 118.7 115.5

1983 128.1 103.6 152.6 116.5 201.9 104.8 129.8 125.9 120.4 114.7 117.3

1984 128.1 106.0 165.4 117.8 192.3 103.7 129.7 128.1 120.3 113.3 117.4

1985 129.1 103.8 165.5 120.2 196.9 105.5 131.1 129.1 121.5 113.9 117.5

1986 128.7 101.8 168.8 110.3 186.0 105.3 132.3 129.7 123.5 117.6 121.1

1987 130.2 103.8 182.9 104.6 177.2 106.2 135.6 133.6 125.7 120.7 126.3

1988 135.8 114.2 194.3 112.2 171.8 107.8 141.6 146.6 129.0 124.4 132.2

1989 141.4 127.9 199.7 124.8 169.5 118.6 148.7 158.1 130.3 129.4 135.5

1990 144.9 128.0 200.3 118.9 207.9 108.7 147.4 159.0 130.6 128.7 136.3

1991 148.4 128.1 208.5 112.8 236.3 111.8 149.1 159.9 131.8 128.6 137.8

1992 147.1 126.5 219.4 108.2 225.8 110.7 148.3 157.8 132.5 128.5 136.7

1993 148.5 125.3 240.2 107.1 222.0 113.3 148.0 161.0 134.8 129.6 137.6

1994 148.8 125.2 244.1 106.3 218.8 115.6 148.3 161.6 135.6 130.8 138.3

1995 147.8 129.2 244.4 109.9 195.6 115.6 150.3 162.8 135.9 131.2 138.5

Wajaran Weights

1978 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

164

JADUAL 14.11 : INDEKS HARGA PENGELUAR (1989=100) BAGI IMPORT MENGIKUT SEKSYEN BARANGAN

(S.I.T.C.), 1989 - 2005, MALAYSIA


Seksyen/Sections

Tempoh Jumlah Makanan Minuman- Bahan Minyak Minyak Kimia & Barang Alat Pelbagai Pelbagai Period Total & Minuman mentah galian/ & lemak keluaran perkila- jentera & barang pernia- binatang & tak pelicin & binatang kimia ngan keleng- keluaran gaan &





Food & api Mineral table oils products factured & transport factured Commo- live Crude fuels, & fats n.e.c. goods equipment articles dities &

animals materials, lubricants classified transac- chiefly inedible & related chiefly by tions


fuels the S.I.T.C.

Wajaran Weights

(1989=100) 100.0 13.1 1.1 3.1 12.5 0.7 10.0 13.4 42.6 2.7 1.0

1989 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

1990 100.4 99.4 107.2 97.5 107.7 100.0 97.3 100.1 99.2 102.9 103.2

1991 102.1 97.9 117.9 98.5 110.7 106.7 100.6 100.3 101.5 102.9 99.7

1992 102.0 101.0 124.1 95.2 112.0 119.1 103.5 104.7 97.8 106.1 96.8

1993 103.6 105.1 123.8 93.4 113.2 114.6 104.8 106.7 99.0 111.9 94.6

1994 103.9 103.8 128.2 99.9 115.1 108.0 106.5 105.8 98.4 115.7 99.2

1995 104.6 109.6 128.4 102.6 115.9 108.1 110.1 109.5 95.7 117.7 98.0

1996 104.7 113.1 129.3 103.7 117.1 108.0 112.3 109.6 93.8 117.1 99.0

1997 107.6 114.3 131.7 105.4 121.8 107.9 113.2 109.3 98.7 115.8 97.3

1998 117.5 130.9 130.9 111.9 121.8 110.0 119.7 117.3 111.9 122.0 104.2

1999 116.8 129.6 133.2 110.2 120.5 109.8 120.6 116.4 111.2 122.2 101.4

2000 118.1 129.0 133.5 111.3 126.0 109.2 121.2 116.8 112.3 123.9 102.6

2001 117.8 130.2 134.5 114.6 124.1 105.0 120.7 116.6 111.8 123.9 102.6

2002 117.0 128.8 132.2 113.9 122.0 104.7 119.0 116.0 111.8 123.6 102.0

2003 117.9 132.0 131.2 115.1 124.0 105.0 119.0 116.4 112.1 125.0 102.0

2004 120.2 137.4 131.9 118.1 129.8 107.6 122.9 118.7 112.2 124.5 102.6

2005 122.1 139.3 132.2 119.9 136.9 107.2 125.9 120.8 112.4 123.5 102.6

165


2000 - 2007, MALAYSIA


Seksyen/Sections

Tempoh Jumlah Makanan Minuman- Bahan Minyak Minyak Kimia & Barang Alat Pelbagai Komoditi

Period Total & Minuman mentah galian/ & lemak keluaran perkila- jentera & barang dan tran-

binatang & tak pelicin & binatang kimia ngan keleng- keluaran yang tidak

hidup tembakau boleh bahan & sayur- t.t.t.l dijeniskan kapan kilang dikelaskan

yang Beverages dimakan yang sayuran Chemi- mengikut pengang- Miscella- dimana

boleh & kecuali berhubu- Animal cals and bahan kutan neous dalam SITC

dimakan tobacco bahan- ngan & vege- related Manu- Machinery manu- Comm. and

Food & api Mineral table oils products factured & transport factured Trans. not

live Crude fuels, & fats n.e.c. goods equipment articles classified

animals materials, lubricants classified elsewhere

chiefly inedible & related chiefly by in the SITC

for food except materials material

fuels

Wajaran Weights

(2000=100) 100.0 3.71 0.46 2.17 4.81 0.17 7.07 10.70 63.66 6.09 1.15

2000 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

2001 104.0 101.8 96.8 97.2 96.1 108.1 98.7 97.8 107.5 96.7 97.1

2002 102.7 98.5 97.4 100.2 90.8 105.6 98.1 96.3 106.2 95.5 103.5

2003 107.4 102.6 96.7 111.3 103.9 113.0 104.0 99.4 110.5 96.4 112.1

2004 114.0 111.7 96.8 121.7 123.8 118.5 112.1 108.2 115.7 98.9 117.9

2005 117.8 114.5 98.6 127.0 169.9 111.7 116.6 116.0 116.0 100.8 119.7

2006 120.4 117.4 100.2 128.6 198.7 112.1 118.4 121.8 115.9 102.7 135.7

2007 126.1 125.0 101.6 129.4 198.5 113.4 122.0 128.7 122.4 105.1 152.4

166

INDEKS HARGA PENGGUNA

Nota Keterangan

1. Indeks Harga Pengguna (IHP) dikira berasaskan formula Laspeyres. Ia mengukur

kadar perubahan purata bagi harga sekumpulan barangan dan perkhidmatan yang

ditetapkan yang mewakili corak perbelanjaan keseluruhan isi rumah di Malaysia.

Enam siri tahun asas telah digunakan, iaitu:

i. Indeks Harga Pengguna (1967=100)

ii. Indeks Harga Pengguna (1980=100)

iii. Indeks Harga Pengguna (1990=100)

iv. Indeks Harga Pengguna (1994=100)

v. Indeks Harga Pengguna (2000=100)

vi. Indeks Harga Pengguna (2005=100)

IHPR tahun asas 1967 merujuk kepada Semenanjung Malaysia, manakala tahun

asas seterusnya merujuk kepada Malaysia.

2. Indeks Harga Pengguna (1967=100)

Siri tahun asas ini menggunakan wajaran berdasarkan anggaran jumlah

perbelanjaan isi rumah dalam Akaun Negara, 1967.


IHP tahun asas ini merujuk kepada Malaysia yang mana wajaran berdasarkan

kepada Penyiasatan Perbelanjaan Isi Rumah Semenanjung Malaysia, 1980 dan

Penyiasatan Perbelanjaan Isi Rumah Sabah dan Sarawak, 1982.


Wajaran bagi Indeks Harga Pengguna tahun asas 1990 diperoleh daripada

Penyiasatan Perbelanjaan Isi Rumah yang dijalankan pada tahun 1990.


IHP tahun asas 1994 menggunakan wajaran berdasarkan Penyiasatan

Perbelanjaan Isi Rumah yang dijalankan pada April 1993 hingga Mac 1994.

167


Wajaran perbelanjaan untuk Semenanjung Malaysia, Sabah dan Sarawak diperoleh

daripada Penyiasatan Perbelanjaan Isi Rumah yang dijalankan bagi dua belas

bulan rujukan dari Julai 1998 hingga Jun 1999 dan kemudiannya disesuaikan

kepada tahun asas. Berdasarkan wajaran ini, perkadaran perbelanjaan kawasan

telah diperoleh iaitu 81.57 peratus bagi Semenanjung Malaysia, 8.90 peratus bagi

Sabah dan 9.53 peratus bagi Sarawak. Wajaran-wajaran kawasan kemudiannya

ditukarkan menjadi wajaran Malaysia dengan menggunakan perkadaran

perbelanjaan kawasan-kawasan berkenaan.

7. Indeks Harga Pengguna (2005=100) Siri ini merupakan siri semasa yang dikumpul dan diterbitkan oleh Jabatan.

Wajaran perbelanjaan untuk Semenanjung Malaysia, Sabah dan Sarawak diperoleh

daripada penyiasatan Perbelanjaan Isi Rumah yang dijalankan daripada Jun 2004

hingga Mei 2005 yang kemudian disesuaikan kepada tahun asas. Untuk siri ini,

wajaran bagi Malaysia diperoleh berdasarkan wajaran bandar dan luar bandar

dengan menggunakan perkadaran perbelanjaan.

168

CONSUMER PRICE INDEX

Explanatory Notes

1. The Consumer Price Index (CPI) is calculated based on the Laspeyres formula.

It measures the average rate of change in prices of a fixed basket of goods and

services that represents the expenditure pattern of all households in Malaysia.

Six series with different base years are being used, that is :

i. Consumer Price Index (1967=100)

ii. Consumer Price Index (1980=100)

iii. Consumer Price Index (1990=100)

iv. Consumer Price Index (1994=100)

v. Consumer Price Index (2000=100)

vi. Consumer Price Index (2005=100)

Relatives Consumer Price Index for base year 1967 refers to Peninsular Malaysia,

while the base year after refers to Malaysia.

2. Consumer Price Index (1967=100)

The series of this base year relates to weight that based on the estimated total

household expenditure in the National Accounts, 1967.


The CPI for this base year refers to Malaysia which is weighted based on the

Household Expenditure Surveys Peninsular Malaysia, 1980 and the Household

Expenditure Surveys Sabah and Sarawak, 1982.


The weights for Consumer Price Index based 1990 are derived from the Household

Expenditure Survey which conducted in 1990.


The CPI for base year 1994 is weighted based on the Household Expenditure

Survey which conducted in April 1993 to March 1994.

169


The expenditure weights for Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah and Sarawak were

derived from the Household Expenditure Survey conducted for twelve reference

months from July 1998 to June 1999 and were subsequently adjusted to the base

year. Based on these weights, the regional expenditure proportions were obtained

as 81.57 per cent for Peninsular Malaysia, 8.90 per cent for Sabah and 9.53 per

cent for Sarawak. The regional weights were then converted to Malaysia weights

using these regional expenditure proportions.


This is the current series compiled and published by the Department. The

expenditure weights for Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah and Sarawak were derived

from the Household Expenditure Survey conducted for twelve reference months

from June 2004 to May 2005 and were subsequently adjusted to the base year. For

this series, weights for Malaysia were derived based on urban and rural weights

using the expenditure proportions.

170

JADUAL 15.1 : INDEKS HARGA PENGGUNA (1967=100) MENGIKUT KUMPULAN UTAMA, 1967 - 1981,

SEMENANJUNG MALAYSIA

Table 15.1 : Consumer Price Index (1967=100) by Main Groups, 1967 - 1981, Peninsular Malaysia

Kumpulan/Group

Tahun Jumlah Makanan Minuman Pakaian Sewa Perabot, Perbe- Pengang- Perkhid- Pelbagai

Year Total Food & & kasar, hiasan lanjaan kutan & matan barang

tembakau kasut bahan dalaman rawatan perhubun- rekreasi, &

Beverages Clothing api dan & per- perubatan gan hiburan, perkhid-

& & kuasa alatan & & Transport pelajaran matan

tobacco footwear Gross pengen- kesihatan & commu- & ke- Miscella-

rent,fuel dalian Medical nications budayaan neous

and rumah care & Recreation, goods &

power Furniture, health entertain- services

furnishings expenses ment, edu-

& house- cation &

hold equip- cultural

ment & services

operation

Wajaran Weights

(1967=100) 100.0 46.8 8.9 4.8 9.4 6.6 2.0 10.4 5.6 5.5

1967 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

1968 99.8 98.5 100.4 100.5 100.3 100.3 100.5 101.2 103.9 101.3

1969 99.4 97.1 100.7 100.9 100.5 101.9 100.7 100.7 104.5 103.3

1970 101.3 99.1 102.8 102.3 101.1 105.5 101.8 102.8 106.3 103.5

1971 102.9 100.6 103.5 103.0 102.0 108.2 102.6 103.8 111.1 106.1

1972 106.2 103.8 107.2 105.8 102.8 114.0 103.4 106.5 115.5 112.8

1973 117.4 120.3 108.6 129.0 104.3 128.6 107.8 109.4 119.8 122.5

1974 137.8 151.7 110.7 144.1 111.5 150.5 116.4 119.7 126.9 140.4

1975 144.0 157.4 121.2 143.3 118.9 157.8 122.4 127.1 129.5 147.9

1976 147.7 160.5 122.8 146.9 125.6 161.7 135.2 133.4 130.3 151.3

1977 154.8 169.3 127.3 152.6 133.2 167.3 140.9 138.1 132.7 159.4

1978 162.4 177.7 133.8 157.9 139.9 174.2 146.0 146.3 135.5 170.2

1979 168.3 181.7 135.6 168.1 149.1 181.0 155.3 151.5 138.8 191.7

1980 179.5 188.3 144.5 179.5 163.4 194.2 167.0 161.8 144.1 246.0

1981 196.8 207.6 163.7 196.5 180.1 208.9 185.0 176.2 152.4 261.8

171

JADUAL 15.2 : INDEKS HARGA PENGGUNA (1980=100) MENGIKUT KUMPULAN UTAMA, 1980 - 1998, MALAYSIA

Table 15.2 : Consumer Price Index (1980=100) by Main Groups, 1980 - 1998, Malaysia

Kumpulan/Group

Tahun Jumlah Makanan Minuman Pakaian Sewa Perabot, Perbe- Pengang- Perkhid-

Year Total Food & & kasar, hiasan lanjaan kutan & matan

tembakau kasut bahan dalaman rawatan perhubun- rekreasi,

Beverages Clothing api dan & per- perubatan gan hiburan,

& & kuasa alatan & & Transport pelajaran

tobacco footwear Gross pengen- kesihatan & commu- & ke-

rent,fuel dalian Medical nications budayaan

and rumah care & Recreation,

power Furniture, health entertain-


& house- cation &


ment & services

operation

Wajaran Weights

(1980=100) 100.0 36.9 4.7 4.8 18.7 5.8 1.2 16.0 6.4

1980 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

1981 109.7 111.5 113.4 108.3 109.7 106.1 108.6 108.3 105.3

1982 116.0 120.0 120.8 112.7 116.9 109.3 114.5 112.2 108.0

1983 120.3 120.9 146.0 116.8 124.9 112.2 128.3 115.2 107.4

1984 124.6 125.1 151.0 119.2 133.3 113.2 130.0 120.4 105.1

1985 125.1 122.1 152.5 120.6 138.7 113.4 133.2 123.2 103.8

1986 125.8 122.4 155.0 121.2 140.0 114.0 135.1 123.3 104.2

1987 126.8 121.8 165.9 121.7 139.0 115.4 136.3 126.9 106.6

1988 130.0 126.4 168.4 124.3 136.2 118.7 138.3 135.4 108.3

1989 133.7 131.1 170.7 126.4 135.1 122.0 140.6 144.7 108.9

1990 137.8 136.6 176.6 128.6 135.6 124.2 144.3 151.9 109.8

1991 143.8 143.2 190.5 136.5 139.8 129.7 151.9 158.4 112.6

1992 150.6 152.6 206.9 140.6 144.9 133.2 157.3 165.3 115.9

1993 155.9 156.0 237.5 141.3 149.9 134.9 165.4 174.6 116.5

1994 161.7 164.3 249.3 140.2 153.6 137.1 170.9 182.7 117.2

1995 167.2 172.4 254.9 140.2 158.9 141.0 176.0 186.0 120.2

1996 173.0 182.4 260.6 139.2 163.9 142.5 182.5 188.4 124.1

1997 177.7 189.9 264.1 138.4 169.2 142.6 189.0 189.7 124.7

1998 187.1 206.8 275.6 139.0 176.5 148.2 200.9 189.4 128.8

172



Kumpulan/Group

Tahun Jumlah Makanan Minuman Pakaian Sewa Perabot, Perbe- Pengang- Perkhid- Year Total Food & & kasar, hiasan lanjaan kutan & matan

tembakau kasut bahan dalaman rawatan perhubun- rekreasi,

Beverages Clothing api dan & per- perubatan gan hiburan,

& & kuasa alatan & & Transport pelajaran

tobacco footwear Gross pengen- kesihatan & commu- & ke-

rent,fuel dalian Medical nications budayaan

and rumah care & Recreation, power Furniture, health entertain-

furnishings expenses ment, edu- & house- cation &

hold equip- cultural ment & services

operation

Wajaran Weights

(1990=100) 100.0 34.6 4.4 3.9 20.5 5.7 1.7 18.7 5.1

1990 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

1991 104.4 104.8 107.8 106.2 103.0 104.4 105.3 104.2 102.6

1992 109.3 111.7 117.1 109.4 106.8 107.2 109.0 108.8 105.6

1993 113.2 114.2 134.4 109.9 110.5 108.6 114.6 114.9 106.1

1994 117.4 120.3 141.1 109.1 113.2 110.4 118.4 120.2 106.8

1995 121.4 126.2 144.3 109.1 117.0 113.5 122.2 122.4 109.5

1996 125.6 133.5 147.5 108.3 120.7 114.7 126.7 124.0 113.1

1997 129.0 139.0 149.5 107.7 124.5 114.8 131.2 124.8 113.6

1998 135.8 151.4 156.0 108.2 130.0 119.3 139.3 124.6 117.3

173



Kumpulan/Group











& house- cation &


ment & services

operation

Wajaran Weights

(1994=100) 100.0 34.9 3.6 3.6 21.1 5.6 1.9 17.9 5.8 5.6

1994 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

1995 103.4 104.9 102.3 100.0 103.4 102.8 103.1 101.8 102.5 104.2

1996 107.0 110.9 104.6 99.3 106.7 103.9 106.9 103.2 105.9 106.8

1997 109.9 115.5 106.0 98.8 110.1 104.0 110.7 103.8 106.3 111.7

1998 115.7 125.8 110.6 99.2 114.9 108.1 117.6 103.7 109.8 119.6

1999 118.9 131.6 119.3 97.2 116.7 109.5 121.2 104.2 112.6 121.4

2000 120.7 134.1 122.7 95.5 118.4 109.5 123.6 106.4 113.2 122.5

174

JADUAL 15.5 : INDEKS HARGA PENGGUNA (2000 =100) MENGIKUT KUMPULAN UTAMA, 1998 - 2005, MALAYSIA

Table 15.5 : Consumer Price Index (2000 =100) by Main Groups, 1998 - 2005, Malaysia

Kumpulan/Group











& house- cation &


ment & services

operation

Wajaran Weights

(2000=100) 100.0 33.8 3.1 3.4 22.4 5.3 1.8 18.8 5.9 5.5

1998 95.8 93.8 90.1 103.9 97.0 98.7 95.1 97.5 97.0 97.6

1999 98.5 98.1 97.2 101.8 98.6 100.0 98.0 98.0 99.5 99.1

2000 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

2001 101.4 100.7 104.8 97.4 101.4 100.1 102.9 103.6 99.9 100.7

2002 103.2 101.4 109.2 95.2 102.1 99.7 105.4 110.4 100.1 101.8

2003 104.4 102.7 111.0 93.3 103.0 99.1 107.2 112.2 100.7 103.1

2004 105.9 105.0 119.7 91.6 104.0 99.5 108.7 113.1 100.6 105.0

2005 109.1 108.8 132.3 90.7 105.2 101.5 110.4 118.1 101.1 107.5

175

JADUAL 15.6 : INDEKS HARGA PENGGUNA (2005 =100) MENGIKUT KUMPULAN UTAMA, 2003 - 2007, MALAYSIA

Table 15.6 : Consumer Price Index (2005 =100) by Main Groups, 2003 - 2007, Malaysia

Kumpulan/Group

Tahun Jumlah Makan- Minum- Pakai- Perumah- Hiasan, Kesihat- Pengang- Komuni- Perkhid- Pendidi- Resto- Pelbagai

Year Total an dan an an & an, Air, Perkakas- an kutan kasi matan kan ran dan barang

Minum- Alkohol kasut Elektrik, an dan Health Transport Commu- rekreasi, Education Hotel &

an & temba- Clothing Gas dan penyeleng- nication dan ke- Restau- perkhid-

Bukan kau & Bahan garaan budayaan rant and matan

Alkohol Alcoholic foot- Api Lain Isi rumah Recrea- Hotel Miscella-

Food & Bevera- wear Housing Furnishings, tion, neous

Non ges Water, Household services goods &

Alkohol & tobacco Electricity, Equipment & culture services

Bevera- Gas and and routine

ges other fuels Household

mainte-

nance

Wajaran Weights

(2005=100) 100.0 31.4 1.9 3.1 21.4 4.3 1.4 15.9 5.1 4.6 1.9 3.0 6.0

2003 95.7 94.4 79.0 102.9 97.9 98.3 97.0 93.4 99.3 100.8 96.9 95.0 97.4

2004 97.1 96.4 87.8 101.0 98.8 98.7 98.3 94.1 100.0 99.9 98.2 96.6 98.7

2005 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

2006 103.6 103.4 106.9 98.7 101.5 101.1 102.1 111.0 98.6 100.7 101.6 103.7 102.2

2007 105.7 106.5 115.2 97.3 102.8 102.2 103.7 113.6 97.4 102.1 103.4 107.5 103.2

176

177

PERKHIDMATAN

Nota Keterangan

1. Data perkhidmatan diperoleh daripada pelbagai banci iaitu: Banci Perkhidmatan

Profesional (Sektor swasta), Banci Perkhidmatan Pendidikan (Sektor swasta), Banci

Perkhidmatan Kesihatan (Sektor swasta), Banci Perkhidmatan Penginapan, Banci

Perkhidmatan Terpilih, Banci Perkhidmatan Pengangkutan & Komunikasi dan

Perangkaan Perkhidmatan Teknologi Maklumat & Komunikasi bagi tahun di mana

banci berkenaan dijalankan.

2. Perkhidmatan Profesional (Sektor Swasta) yang diliputi merangkumi:

• Perkhidmatan guaman

• Perkhidmatan perakaunan

• Perkhidmatan arkitek

• Perkhidmatan lukisan pelan

• Perkhidmatan kejuruteraan

• Perkhidmatan juruukur

3. Perkhidmatan Pendidikan (Sektor Swasta) meliputi institusi pengajian dan

sekolah memandu. Institusi pengajian swasta merangkumi:

i. Tadika

ii. Sekolah rendah

iii. Sekolah menengah am

iv. Kolej dan Universiti

v. Sekolah/institusi menengah teknik dan vokasional

vi. Sekolah/institusi lain

vii. Sekolah muzik dan tarian

viii. Institusi perdagangan dan teknik lain

4. Perkhidmatan Kesihatan (Sektor Swasta) yang diliputi merangkumi:

• Perkhidmatan perubatan

• Perkhidmatan pergigian

• Perkhidmatan veterinar

• Hospital & rumah bersalin persendirian

178

5. Perkhidmatan Penginapan yang diliputi merangkumi:

• Hotel (termasuk resort)

• Hotel bajet/ motel

• Pangsapuri khidmat

• Chalet

• Rumah rehat/ rumah tetamu

• Hostel

• Bed & breakfast

6. Perkhidmatan Terpilih yang diliputi merangkumi:

• Broker stok, saham, komoditi dan perkhidmatan tukaran wang asing

• Ejen hartanah

• Agensi pengiklanan

• Perkhidmatan penayangan wayang gambar

7. Perkhidmatan Pengangkutan dan Komunikasi meliputi semua industri di sektor

pengangkutan dan komunikasi iaitu:

• Pengangkutan bas awam

• Pengangkutan muatan

• Pengangkutan laut

• Pengangkutan air pedalaman (Sabah & Sarawak)

• Pengangkutan udara

• Kereta api/Transit aliran ringan

• Pengendalian kargo

• Pemunggahan kapal

• Penyimpanan & Gudang

• Tempat letak kereta

• Pengoperasian lebuh raya

• Pengoperasian pelabuhan

• Agensi pengembaraan dan operator pelancongan

• Agensi perkapalan

• Agensi penghantaran

• Perkhidmatan pos & kurier

• Telekomunikasi

8. Data Perkhidmatan Komputer diperoleh daripada Perangkaan Perkhidmatan

Teknologi Maklumat dan Komunikasi. Skop dan liputan merangkumi:

• Banci Pertubuhan Perkhidmatan Telekomunikasi

• Penyiasatan Pertubuhan Perkhidmatan Komputer & aktiviti berkaitan dan

pertubuhan teknologi maklumat & komunikasi bagi industri pembuatan.

• Data sekunder daripada:

a) Perdagangan Luar Negeri

b) Isi rumah yang mempunyai kemudahan peralatan ICT

c) Suruhanjaya Komunikasi & Multimedia

d) Laman web International Telecommunication Union

9. Data Perkhidmatan Perdagangan Edaran diperoleh daripada Penyiasatan

Perdagangan Borong dan Runcit Suku Tahunan dan Penyiasatan Perdagangan

Edaran Suku Tahunan oleh Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia.

a) Perdagangan borong merujuk kepada “penjualan semula (tanpa

pengubahsuaian) barangan baru dan barangan yang telah digunakan kepada

peruncit, pengguna perindustrian, perdagangan, institusi atau professional; atau

kepada pemborong lain; atau menjual barangan dagangan kepada orang atau

syarikat berkenaan”.

b) Perdagangan runcit merujuk kepada “penjualan semula (tanpa

pengubahsuaian) barangan baru dan terpakai kepada pengguna terakhir untuk

kegunaan isi rumah atau persendirian”. Ini termasuk jualan yang dilakukan oleh

kedai, stor aneka jabatan, gerai, koperasi pengguna dan lain-lain.

c) Kenderaan bermotor merujuk kepada aktiviti yang meliputi jualan secara

borong dan runcit kenderaan bermotor, sama ada baru atau terpakai, jualan alat

-alat ganti dan aksesori kenderaan dan kegiatan agen berkomisen yang terli-

bat dalam jualan.

179

180

SERVICES

Explanatory Notes

1. Data on services were obtained from various census such as: Census of

Professional Services (Private Sector), Census of Education Services (Private

Sector), Census of Health Services (Private Sector), Census of Accommodation

Services, Census of Selected Services, Census of Transport & Communications

Services, Census of Information & Communications Technology Services Statistics

for the years in which censuses were conducted.

2. The Professional Services (Private Sector) covered are:

• Legal services

• Accounting services

• Architectural services

• Drafting services

• Engineering services

• Surveying services

3. The Education Services (Private Sector) covered private institutions and driving

schools. The private institutions covered are:

i. Kindergartens

ii. Primary schools

iii. General secondary schools

iv. Colleges and Universities

v. Technical and vocational secondary schools/institutes

vi. Other schools/institutes

vii. Music and dancing schools

viii. Commercial and other technical institutes

4. The Health Services (Private Sector) covered are:

• Medical services

• Dental services

• Veterinary services

• Private hospitals & maternity homes

181

5. The Accommodation Services covered are:

• Hotels (including resort)

• Budget hotels/ motels

• Chalets

• Rest houses/ guest houses

• Hostels

• Bed & breakfast

6. The Selected Services covered are:

• Stock, share, commodity brokers and foreign exchange services

• Real estate agents

• Advertising agencies

• Motion picture projection services

7. The Transport and Communications Services covered all industries in the

transportation and communication sectors, which are:

• Public bus transport

• Road haulage

• Sea transport

• Inland water transport (Sabah & Sarawak)

• Air transport

• Train/Light rail transit

• Cargo handling

• Stevedoring companies

• Storage & Warehousing

• Car parking

• Highway operations

• Port operations

• Travel agencies and tour operators

• Shipping agencies

• Forwarding agencies

• Post & courier services

• Telecommunications

8. The Computer Services data are compiled from the Information and

Communications Technology Services Statistics. The scope and coverage

comprised the following:

• Census of Telecommunications Services Establishments

• Survey of Computer Services and Related Activities and ICT

establishments of the manufacturing industries.

• Secondary data sources encompassed the following:

a) External trade

b) Households with access to ICT items

c) Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission

d) International Telecommunication Union website

9. Data on Distributive Trade were obtained from Quarterly Survey of Wholesale and

Retail Trade and Quarterly Survey of Distributive Trade from Department of

Statistics, Malaysia.

a) Wholesale trade refer to “the resale (sale without transformation) of new and

used goods to retailers; to industrial, commercial, institutional or professional

users; or to other wholesalers; or selling merchandise to, such persons or

companies”.

b) Retail trade refer to “the resale (sale without transformation) of new and used

goods to the general public for personal or household consumption or utilization.

It includes selling by shops, department stores, stalls, consumer co-operatives

etc.

c) Motor vehicles trade refer to activities which covers wholesale and retail sale

of motor vehicles, either new or used, sale of motor vehicle parts and

accessories and commission agents.

182

JADUAL 16.1 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA PEGUAM, 1971 - 2005, MALAYSIA Table 16.1 : Principal Statistics of Lawyers, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia

Tahun Bilangan Hasil Perbelanjaan Bilangan Pekerja Gaji & Upah Nilai Harta- Year Pertubuhan Revenue Expenditure pada Akhir yang Dibayar Harta Tetap

Number of Bulan Disember Salaries & yang Dimiliki

Establishments

Number of Persons Wages Paid pada Akhir

Engaged as at Bulan Disember End of December Value of Fixed

Jumlah Pekerja Assets Owned

Total Bergaji as at End

Paid of December ( RM ' 000 ) ( RM ' 000 ) Employees ( RM ' 000 ) ( RM ' 000 )

1971(a) 274 20,098 11,891 2,223 .. 5,342 2,454

1972 358 27,524 16,048 2,963 .. 7,119 4,431

1973 396 36,390 20,297 3,406 .. 8,879 5,878

1974 421 43,684 24,347 3,770 .. 10,493 7,393

1975 494 47,953 293 4,186 3,533 12,258 9,278

1976 536 58,535 35,197 4,697 3,967 14,400 10,719

1977 556 69,031 41,173 5,049 .. 16,532 12,408

1978 562 78,905 46,981 5,375 .. 18,753 14,368

1979 636 98,298 60,015 6,300 5,472 23,373 18,157

1980 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1981 723 152,911 100,539 7,225 6,235 33,925 27,156

1982 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1983 894 219,790 147,596 9,490 8,259 51,783 38,355

1984 989 256,618 191,841 10,138 8,769 62,581 46,151

1985 1,071 281,434 207,609 11,350 9,848 73,282 48,782

1986 1,163 287,185 217,350 12,082 10,457 79,090 48,832

1987 1,216 301,676 222,713 12,667 10,981 83,427 51,261

1988 1,258 324,657 234,626 13,630 11,885 90,159 53,432

1989 1,342 369,143 260,689 14,968 13,123 103,007 63,434

1990 1,389 442,159 301,347 16,538 14,562 121,386 76,464

1991 1,444 543,558 357,433 17,421 15,352 145,375 94,685

1992 1,629 613,019 424,288 19,289 16,925 174,362 111,066

1993 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1994 1,842 841,923 570,236 22,124 19,355 233,846 146,864

1995 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1996 2,078 1,161,762 781,477 25,979 22,425 331,595 212,815

1997 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1998 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1999 2,639 1,379,147 849,226 28,089 23,491 381,236 242,777

2000 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2001 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2002 2,955 1,557,568 1,107,662 32,054 26,853 521,376 297,422

2003 3,108 1,595,257 1,144,071 32,288 26,915 540,740 280,020

2005 3,293 1,942,367 1,434,568 34,970 29,553 640,630 379,125

2004 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

183

JADUAL 16.2 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA AKAUNTAN, 1971 - 2005, MALAYSIA

Table 16.2 : Principal Statistics of Accountants, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia

Tahun Bilangan Hasil Perbelanjaan Bilangan Pekerja Gaji & Upah Nilai Harta-

Year Pertubuhan Revenue Expenditure pada Akhir yang Dibayar Harta Tetap

Number of Bulan Disember Salaries & yang Dimiliki Establishments Number of Persons Wages Paid pada Akhir

Engaged as at Bulan Disember

End of December Value of Fixed



Paid of December

( RM ' 000 ) ( RM ' 000 ) Employees ( RM ' 000 ) ( RM ' 000 )

1971(a) 206 19,312 12,575 2,476 .. 2,765 2,052

1972 263 25,504 16,661 2,999 .. 9,816 2,820

1973 273 29,676 18,684 3,797 .. 10,948 3,243

1974 320 38,154 24,931 4,066 .. 14,593 4,477

1975 432 48,206 32,851 4,765 4,217 18,968 6,680

1976 490 56,141 39,443 5,372 4,806 22,864 7,255

1977 507 63,197 44,312 5,688 .. 25,740 8,028

1978 522 69,005 48,461 6,043 .. 27,867 9,295

1979 564 79,016 56,475 6,627 5,996 30,985 10,567

1980 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1981 654 115,846 91,706 7,567 6,870 49,478 15,914

1982 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1983 694 156,350 123,351 8,792 8,065 65,097 20,694

1984 731 180,754 147,905 9,268 8,541 74,571 27,004

1985 735 185,094 154,748 9,436 8,690 80,664 25,324

1986 750 183,287 156,441 9,094 8,329 80,910 24,232

1987 751 192,301 155,418 9,182 8,377 80,762 22,959

1988 762 199,002 159,775 9,564 8,717 85,478 23,270

1989 764 222,825 182,182 10,257 9,402 97,441 25,695

1990 903 255,930 195,889 11,977 10,923 105,877 33,359

1991 900 293,875 230,145 12,201 11,156 120,499 39,337

1992 908 342,176 268,638 12,770 11,722 144,727 43,355

1993 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1994 940 462,138 345,300 14,545 13,462 191,705 55,602

1995 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1996 987 649,176 474,304 15,816 14,678 272,733 75,845

1997 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1998 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1999 991 883,108 558,347 14,899 13,709 313,999 101,037

2000 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2001 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2002 1,001 845,610 687,066 16,158 14,866 357,862 96,400

2003 1,383 1,080,844 815,234 19,225 17,536 465,429 115,063

2005 1,987 1,256,138 979,092 23,015 21,199 555,346 154,974

Nota : Aktiviti perundingan percukaian mula diliputi pada tahun 2005 Note : Tax consultation activities were covered from year 2005

2004 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

184

JADUAL 16.3 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA ARKITEK, 1971 - 2005, MALAYSIA

Table 16.3 : Principal Statistics of Architects, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia








Paid of December


1971(a) 86 9,610 6,427 895 .. 2,902 1,009

1972(a) 89 13,868 9,338 1,074 .. 3,755 1,654

1973(b) 111 21,642 13,773 1,490 .. 5,294 1,894

1974(b) 125 28,968 19,124 1,787 .. 7,605 3,416

1975 178 36,026 27,032 2,213 1,972 9,829 5,984

1976 199 40,440 32,126 2,242 1,985 12,737 6,685

1977 187 42,581 33,397 2,296 .. 13,005 7,120

1978 190 46,624 36,465 2,297 .. 14,129 8,184

1979 220 61,730 46,009 2,664 2,408 17,061 9,042

1980 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1981 276 121,294 96,018 3,359 3,050 26,287 14,866

1982 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1983 294 205,429 162,473 3,709 3,375 40,339 22,696

1984 318 229,751 196,753 4,355 4,002 53,170 28,355

1985 335 201,939 188,925 4,181 3,812 53,031 28,946

1986 324 151,293 142,927 3,735 3,378 43,573 25,677

1987 318 115,263 109,122 3,079 2,723 32,169 21,942

1988 306 113,183 99,278 2,920 2,584 30,839 22,301

1989 340 136,874 113,542 3,344 2,967 35,849 25,085

1990 342 187,078 150,050 4,006 3,634 48,851 30,863

1991 380 274,159 207,334 4,671 4,255 64,811 41,990

1992 401 302,158 241,842 5,121 4,686 83,074 53,125

1993 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1994 549 435,806 353,118 7,009 6,435 128,518 93,554

1995 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1996 580 691,180 545,437 8,063 7,460 199,466 134,563

1997 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1998 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1999 730 649,393 459,841 7,396 6,637 182,282 162,208

2000 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2001 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2002 732 698,729 582,494 8,466 7,733 239,909 163,204

2003 914 759,464 648,862 9,367 8,480 262,208 187,057

2005 1,090 999,277 848,938 11,006 10,145 300,898 291,257

2004 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

185

JADUAL 16.4 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA PELUKIS PELAN BANGUNAN, 1971 - 2005, MALAYSIA

Table 16.4 : Principal Statistics of Building Draughtsman, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia


Number of Bulan Disember Salaries & yang Dimiliki Establishments Number of Persons Wages Paid pada Akhir Engaged as at Bulan Disember End of December Value of Fixed




1971(a) 111 1,115 718 288 .. 239 218

1972(a) 122 1,232 762 280 .. 209 262

1973(b) 137 1,706 1,012 370 .. 284 441

1974(b) 134 1,774 1,089 350 .. 326 461

1975 137 2,057 1,324 361 206 370 642

1976 129 2,513 1,642 391 245 495 654

1977 136 3,346 2,255 463 .. 729 1,338

1978 134 3,506 2,365 469 .. 816 1,357

1979 137 4,418 3,058 476 322 1,068 1,354

1980 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1981 152 6,175 4,511 514 353 1,327 1,529

1982 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1983 161 8,163 5,962 580 401 2,174 1,846

1984 198 9,595 7,782 643 427 2,425 2,474

1985 200 8,317 6,773 608 394 2,081 2,261

1986 194 6,641 5,607 548 342 1,699 2,489

1987 186 6,080 4,845 494 295 1,434 2,397

1988 167 5,820 4,330 459 280 1,246 2,060

1989 166 6,253 4,636 446 270 1,327 1,853

1990 187 8,091 5,635 523 325 1,751 2,934

1991 182 9,293 6,495 496 300 2,092 3,454

1992 193 10,069 6,696 540 334 2,275 3,792

1993 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1994 187 10,056 7,249 493 290 2,330 4,292

1995 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1996 164 12,861 8,985 476 298 3,020 3,842

1997 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1998 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1999 151 10,274 6,772 417 253 2,437 4,367

2000 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2001 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2002 144 10,161 7,021 387 227 2,467 2,650

2003 148 16,564 11,990 495 334 4,141 4,124

2005 168 39,626 32,619 836 695 14,407 11,189

2004 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

186

JADUAL 16.5 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA JURUTERA, 1971 - 2005, MALAYSIA

Table 16.5 : Principal Statistics of Engineers, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia



Establishments Number of Persons Wages Paid pada Akhir Engaged as at Bulan Disember




Paid of December


1971(a) 54 13,457 10,791 1,222 .. 5,693 1,182

1972(c) 71 18,778 14,083 1,597 .. 7,568 1,905

1973(c) 97 26,777 19,709 1,923 .. 10,702 2,761

1974(c) 103 34,609 25,763 2,153 .. 13,519 3,382

1975 151 52,052 44,156 3,019 2,834 21,917 4,510

1976 198 56,730 49,651 3,205 2,990 24,966 6,034

1977 202 55,987 48,858 3,396 .. 26,502 6,020

1978 205 66,058 57,169 3,730 .. 29,293 7,172

1979 236 92,045 79,411 4,735 4,524 37,857 9,560

1980 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1981 293 172,846 154,025 6,203 5,994 68,760 15,585

1982 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1983 326 269,059 234,527 7,453 7,236 111,536 27,019

1984 325 309,562 279,790 7,926 7,718 125,056 31,202

1985 323 291,346 273,412 7,620 7,415 128,577 35,600

1986 340 266,771 257,949 6,970 6,749 114,885 38,993

1987 327 212,813 198,450 6,138 5,918 92,394 38,113

1988 319 217,855 196,695 6,156 5,935 96,206 36,396

1989 376 304,719 264,909 7,399 7,152 120,900 40,551

1990 394 404,039 359,481 9,313 9,058 166,168 53,962

1991 419 644,723 557,358 11,309 11,041 256,969 72,913

1992 445 714,367 643,931 11,661 11,393 291,618 89,374

1993 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1994 484 1,019,451 929,421 13,472 13,193 404,196 125,969

1995 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1996 505 1,482,552 1,281,059 16,568 16,295 585,030 171,846

1997 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1998 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1999 522 1,310,335 1,016,784 12,531 12,311 463,968 210,870

2000 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2001 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2002 605 1,492,854 1,271,104 15,225 15,027 591,786 238,895

2003 718 1,991,565 1,795,342 15,903 15,617 762,668 258,247

2005 1,089 3,548,362 3,193,178 19,984 19,451 1,024,778 515,710

2004 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

187

JADUAL 16.6 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA JURUUKUR, 1971 - 2005, MALAYSIA

Table 16.6 : Principal Statistics of Surveyors, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia








Paid of December


1971(a) 74 7,449 5,765 1,265 .. 3,111 ..

1972(c) 82 9,300 7,200 1,454 .. 3,839 1,007

1973(c) 85 13,333 10,252 1,630 .. 4,545 1,416

1974(c) 93 16,156 12,410 1,945 .. 5,962 1,859

1975 164 23,797 18,517 2,642 2,472 8,839 2,212

1976 163 26,456 21,071 2,712 2,546 10,172 3,981

1977 173 32,502 26,513 3,315 .. 13,526 4,835

1978 179 41,975 35,946 4,075 .. 16,603 5,906

1979 207 55,784 46,424 5,241 5,063 21,378 7,793

1980 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1981 254 120,111 102,079 5,869 5,685 35,196 16,459

1982 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1983 295 156,483 135,494 6,559 6,358 51,680 24,152

1984 339 176,545 161,063 7,165 6,924 56,684 26,237

1985 352 172,398 154,130 7,040 6,794 61,466 28,182

1986 342 163,221 151,110 6,539 6,307 56,195 29,600

1987 344 165,977 152,464 6,285 6,031 54,124 30,616

1988 350 181,589 162,029 6,354 6,089 57,040 31,576

1989 361 223,443 194,991 7,168 6,918 66,887 36,913

1990 365 284,055 253,491 7,753 7,485 80,064 44,314

1991 377 339,625 296,856 8,556 8,275 97,176 62,605

1992 422 387,587 332,416 9,342 9,031 118,817 67,327

1993 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1994 450 489,254 427,714 10,317 9,968 163,227 76,684

1995 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1996 499 637,565 536,334 11,563 11,201 215,880 101,458

1997 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1998 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1999 515 590,688 460,223 9,082 8,662 186,262 107,795

2000 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2001 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2002 629 715,504 618,834 10,675 10,168 226,713 127,075

2003 690 776,515 662,983 11,007 10,457 241,830 131,966

2005 766 916,473 788,090 10,947 10,316 254,544 181,423

2004 .. .. ... .. .. .. ..

188

JADUAL 16.7 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA SEKOLAH PERSENDIRIAN, 1971 - 2005, MALAYSIA

Table 16.7 : Principal Statistics of Private Schools, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia









1971(a) 546 17,507 15,985 4,424 .. 10,242 12,176

1972 801 25,237 23,385 6,145 .. 15,273 28,937

1973 886 30,852 27,751 6,967 .. 17,910 38,577

1974 962 36,592 32,614 7,677 .. 20,895 43,107

1975 1,009 43,799 38,312 8,057 .. 24,515 52,403

1976 1,129 51,202 45,805 9,199 .. 28,697 61,919

1977 1,237 60,464 53,282 10,103 .. 33,216 62,791

1978 1,281 66,160 58,537 10,783 .. 36,076 69,615

1979 1,348 76,003 67,275 11,398 .. 40,876 74,830

1980 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1981 1,507 104,429 95,095 12,462 11,794 53,299 91,593

1982 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1983 1,565 136,595 123,317 14,102 13,415 70,675 123,713

1984 1,726 166,438 155,339 15,186 14,353 87,750 152,706

1985 1,838 191,665 169,539 16,993 16,076 94,676 162,274

1986 1,910 202,093 187,690 17,888 16,982 104,429 173,607

1987 1,992 211,076 201,203 18,579 17,631 110,590 182,397

1988 1,999 225,063 213,863 19,543 18,383 116,878 224,281

1989 2,055 259,346 239,956 21,026 19,788 130,858 253,723

1990 2,163 304,048 275,476 22,812 21,461 147,831 274,343

1991 2,217 359,465 329,633 24,421 23,024 171,946 339,274

1992 2,300 474,695 426,126 26,351 24,943 213,180 399,849

1993 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1994 2,332 696,313 626,383 29,984 28,507 307,461 610,415

1995 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1996 2,781 1,078,770 974,491 35,689 33,713 454,090 868,641

1997 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1998 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1999 3,003 1,756,335 1,567,426 44,124 41,976 672,269 1,644,385

2000 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2001 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2002 (d) 2,241 2,896,084 2,694,675 52,638 50,854 1,128,704 3,893,707

2003 2,955 3,164,717 2,935,971 57,664 55,274 1,213,226 4,929,620

2005 5,443 4,798,064 4,524,895 82,188 77,817 1,724,901 4,972,693

2004 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

189

JADUAL 16.8 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA SEKOLAH MEMANDU, 1996 - 2005, MALAYSIA Table 16.8 : Principal Statistics of Driving Schools, 1996 - 2005, Malaysia






1996 1,331 92,547 69,114 4,569 2,849 23,256 54,469

1997 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1998 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1999 1,212 142,820 119,116 5,383 3,913 40,208 127,196

2000 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2001 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2002 544 139,399 119,333 3,980 3,336 43,256 106,266

2003 467 166,555 146,172 4,386 3,919 52,667 132,230

2005 727 236,941 202,428 5,408 4,660 71,057 148,957

2004 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

190

Table 16.9 : Principal Statistics of Medical Services, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia






1971(a) 498 42,234 26,614 3,047 .. 5,462 9,364

1972(a) 584 51,757 32,528 3,565 .. 6,673 12,431

1973 688 65,959 40,535 4,251 .. 7,942 15,993

1974 730 81,113 50,993 4,578 .. 9,493 17,267

1975 876 86,357 54,566 5,018 4,068 11,212 20,654

1976 900 96,582 60,595 5,211 4,232 13,183 23,172

1977 934 107,745 68,171 5,577 .. 15,173 26,302

1978 950 118,798 77,797 5,874 .. 18,239 30,389

1979 984 134,630 91,440 6,340 5,312 21,621 36,479

1980 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1981 1,166 184,933 129,230 7,748 6,622 31,391 71,285

1982 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1983 1,286 234,062 174,357 8,513 7,223 42,970 66,139

1984 1,338 252,417 191,576 8,711 7,426 49,894 83,802

1985 1,356 270,312 216,082 9,062 7,737 56,217 87,264

1986 1,399 271,808 219,957 9,204 7,818 59,054 97,014

1987 1,574 294,482 234,806 10,140 8,546 62,235 103,743

1988 1,665 326,442 252,772 10,727 9,037 64,757 111,567

1989 1,787 372,456 284,441 11,502 9,704 71,441 132,555

1990 1,949 449,775 342,334 12,899 10,971 87,887 156,394

1991 2,359 567,298 433,075 15,251 12,895 107,743 195,608

1992 2,578 658,809 500,851 16,699 14,087 124,002 231,528

1993 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1994 2,688 794,300 604,795 17,427 14,731 154,077 282,337

1995 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1996 3,094 1,078,630 818,009 19,687 16,606 207,071 373,467

1997 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1998 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1999 3,302 1,240,912 972,529 21,223 17,993 253,745 464,179

2000 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2001 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2002 3,332 1,452,783 1,150,875 22,106 18,934 309,457 523,160

2003 3,510 1,642,164 1,292,140 23,411 20,122 349,197 569,346

JADUAL 16.9 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA PERKHIDMATAN PERUBATAN, 1971 - 2005, MALAYSIA

2005 4,171 2,382,923 1,862,303 28,707 25,184 516,132 825,589

2004 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

191

JADUAL 16.10 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA PERKHIDMATAN PERGIGIAN, 1971 - 2005, MALAYSIA

Table 16.10 : Principal Statistics of Dental Services, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia




Establishments Number of Persons Wages Paid pada Akhir





Paid of December


1971(a) 72 2,660 1,446 269 .. 360 987

1972(a) 75 3,316 1,755 310 .. 436 1,245

1973(a) 85 3,860 2,101 355 .. 507 1,854

1974(a) 90 4,757 2,641 386 .. 635 2,157

1975 110 5,576 3,327 444 328 830 2,696

1976 118 6,517 3,717 496 368 974 2,946

1977 117 7,372 4,190 513 .. 1,127 3,067

1978 131 8,546 4,984 565 .. 1,264 3,614

1979 162 11,130 7,196 706 515 1,769 4,914

1980 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1981 250 18,556 12,913 1,000 737 3,058 8,246

1982 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1983 324 26,740 19,029 1,301 951 4,042 11,098

1984 372 31,389 22,743 1,414 1,028 5,188 13,638

1985 419 36,500 27,179 1,680 1,221 6,383 14,465

1986 457 39,276 30,861 1,804 1,309 6,918 15,621

1987 480 40,750 31,015 1,898 1,386 6,943 16,026

1988 488 43,924 32,474 1,931 1,406 7,425 17,055

1989 518 49,629 35,404 2,076 1,512 8,325 17,380

1990 505 53,312 37,237 2,058 1,510 8,943 18,836

1991 513 61,521 43,728 2,174 1,637 10,597 20,637

1992 521 68,533 48,858 2,200 1,649 11,734 23,912

1993 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1994 592 90,506 62,183 2,528 1,898 16,230 31,355

1995 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1996 657 118,919 81,837 2,812 2,094 21,529 37,965

1997 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1998 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1999 773 152,709 107,634 3,281 2,465 31,730 54,089

2000 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2001 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2002 858 200,774 141,591 3,884 2,983 42,842 77,950

2003 929 229,314 161,836 4,085 3,115 48,935 86,439

2005 963 281,928 202,798 4,658 3,706 65,390 97,899

2004 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

192

JADUAL 16.11 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA PERKHIDMATAN VETERINAR, 1971 - 2005, MALAYSIA

Table 16.11 : Principal Statistics of Veterinary Services, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia


Number of Bulan Disember Salaries & yang Dimiliki Establishments Number of Persons Wages Paid pada Akhir Engaged as at Bulan Disember





1971(a) 5 168 128 22 .. 42 124

1972(a) 6 206 165 26 .. 42 129

1973(a) 6 224 170 24 .. 37 138

1974(a) 7 232 166 22 .. 39 145

1975(a) 7 232 166 22 17 39 145

1976(a) 12 341 275 32 19 42 185

1977(a) 11 469 375 36 .. 61 137

1978(a) 15 730 592 46 29 93 194

1979(a) .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1980 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1981 24 1,332 1,097 72 50 192 449

1982 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1983 39 3,079 2,634 148 104 373 593

1984 44 3,014 2,694 138 90 389 787

1985 45 3,501 3,233 138 88 403 732

1986 47 3,721 3,526 154 98 448 837

1987 46 3,825 3,281 146 90 400 1,044

1988 51 4,572 3,755 161 95 410 1,183

1989 59 5,610 4,643 181 109 494 1,213

1990 58 6,365 5,137 183 115 512 1,607

1991 61 7,071 5,992 194 124 610 2,069

1992 72 7,913 6,302 199 119 679 2,814

1993 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1994 73 9,792 7,426 192 110 876 3,686

1995 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1996 78 12,297 9,823 224 133 1,110 5,705

1997 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1998 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1999 78 14,850 12,152 224 129 1,574 6,508

2000 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2001 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2002 98 21,007 17,614 314 194 2,905 8,134

2003 110 27,097 22,564 390 256 4,040 11,110

2005 111 40,054 32,247 468 325 6,319 12,095

193

JADUAL 16.12 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA HOSPITAL DAN RUMAH BERSALIN PERSENDIRIAN, 1971 - 2005, MALAYSIA

Table 16.12 : Principal Statistics of Private Hospitals and Maternity Homes, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia









Paid of December


1971(a) 46 9,966 9,239 1,420 .. 4,407 5,553

1972 69 10,637 9,906 1,588 .. 4,694 7,223

1973 66 12,048 11,313 1,728 .. 6,160 6,950

1974 71 18,789 17,194 2,190 .. 8,577 11,019

1975 67 20,575 18,466 2,179 .. 9,350 11,869

1976 71 29,607 24,088 2,478 .. 10,673 16,729

1977 69 33,405 28,908 2,784 .. 12,744 24,421

1978 69 39,854 34,568 3,260 .. 13,314 26,658

1979 76 48,234 43,372 3,615 .. 15,278 32,830

1980 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1981 74 70,302 62,403 3,977 3,913 20,719 59,418

1982 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1983 102 125,231 114,972 5,658 5,110 42,924 91,588

1984 102 136,929 130,429 6,260 6,187 46,926 102,506

1985 98 161,698 152,905 6,417 6,337 54,517 106,912

1986 118 173,356 179,074 7,018 6,930 63,044 166,067

1987 144 200,410 205,566 7,958 7,853 68,893 235,354

1988 142 224,830 220,600 8,224 8,125 75,488 244,897

1989 135 266,806 253,409 8,829 8,739 86,086 303,055

1990 161 334,943 312,884 9,920 9,808 104,337 362,054

1991 157 416,854 375,504 10,787 10,691 122,422 398,176

1992 166 492,723 437,918 11,290 11,158 136,719 434,734

1993 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1994 187 749,621 629,876 13,250 13,111 191,323 621,543

1995 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1996 199 1,189,161 1,097,728 16,772 16,652 290,200 1,192,635

1997 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1998 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1999 190 1,600,163 1,531,302 18,709 18,618 364,981 1,508,600

2000 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2001 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2002 201 2,404,325 2,403,482 23,618 23,550 608,090 2,190,189

2003 258 2,814,000 2,594,333 26,047 25,979 666,802 2,265,586

2005 258 3,422,226 3,087,550 27,094 27,015 723,323 2,549,846

194

JADUAL 16.13 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA PENGINAPAN, 1983 - 2005, MALAYSIA

Table 16.13 : Principal Statistics of Accommodation, 1983 - 2005, Malaysia









Paid of December


1983 979 744,238 262,285 26,680 25,487 147,025 155,278

1984 1,021 768,303 756,245 28,602 27,484 167,371 1,947,795

1985 996 839,824 876,795 29,598 28,423 176,454 2,316,145

1986 1,007 759,698 874,504 29,479 28,394 183,140 2,620,327

1987 1,018 794,919 885,839 29,639 28,614 186,002 2,700,967

1988 1,031 906,594 971,238 30,150 29,121 199,386 2,851,389

1989 1,044 1,129,930 1,065,204 33,053 31,985 223,163 3,042,980

1990 1,131 1,588,544 1,370,463 38,894 37,734 280,256 3,621,447

1991 1,174 1,856,327 1,516,758 42,388 41,205 329,027 3,827,917

1992 1,197 2,050,532 1,707,223 46,105 44,911 375,725 4,808,680

1993 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1994 1,386 2,733,031 811,424 55,828 54,480 535,991 7,315,462

1995 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1996 1,669 3,784,021 1,166,411 70,033 68,542 781,739 11,438,697

1997 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1998 1,754 3,462,843 4,119,535 70,811 69,382 850,476 13,489,656

2000 1,704 4,857,275 4,665,951 84,171 82,864 1,082,929 16,589,422

2001 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2002 1,869 5,008,098 4,932,715 81,832 80,395 1,160,505 17,309,680

2003 1,984 5,236,824 4,971,731 85,243 83,715 1,198,713 17,743,377

2004 2,028 6,024,024 5,221,878 91,301 89,695 1,280,913 16,629,017

2005 2,068 7,066,944 6,282,219 99,091 97,622 1,515,953 17,571,205

195

JADUAL 16.14 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA PERKHIDMATAN BROKER STOK, SAHAM, KOMODITI DAN TUKARAN WANG ASING, 1971 - 2005, MALAYSIA

Table 16.14 : Principal Statistics of Stock, Share, Commodity Brokers and Foreign Exchange Services, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia









Paid of December


1971 21 6,483 4,140 404 .. 1,318 727

1972 26 26,573 11,329 773 .. 2,932 1,201

1973 36 39,550 22,375 1,247 .. 6,069 1,828

1974 41 19,095 19,824 1,230 .. 5,076 2,241

1975 37 25,836 22,317 1,194 .. 6,298 2,711

1976 42 21,241 19,205 1,186 .. 6,110 2,325

1977 35 27,131 21,767 1,113 .. 6,645 2,070

1978 36 59,576 42,700 1,340 .. 9,167 2,556

1979 36 44,076 34,656 1,312 .. 9,812 3,369

1980 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1981 40 190,460 137,069 2,006 .. 21,136 9,400

1982 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1983 97 216,447 159,788 3,216 .. 38,884 16,213

1984 95 174,467 158,820 3,229 3,222 42,223 21,608

1985 94 217,223 209,770 3,589 3,581 46,199 26,781

1986 88 212,064 223,865 3,268 3,262 45,061 23,236

1987 80 295,248 255,700 3,279 3,279 45,822 21,445

1988 81 238,530 215,280 3,511 3,511 50,821 23,240

1989 83 421,920 269,080 4,090 4,090 66,873 27,170

1990 81 659,010 463,280 4,814 4,814 87,861 58,803

1991 85 729,590 567,370 5,758 5,758 109,350 82,461

1992 93 1,099,410 799,280 6,169 6,169 144,612 94,606

1993 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1994 94 5,394,300 3,361,530 11,537 11,537 466,264 249,713

1995 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1996 91 6,973,439 4,162,095 11,444 11,444 606,988 444,595

1997 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1998 87 3,620,723 6,619,920 9,262 9,262 380,898 701,592

1999 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2000 96 3,254,493 2,154,232 9,286 9,286 451,417 624,437

2001 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2002 97 1,680,629 1,581,702 9,541 9,541 389,946 850,540

2003 84 1,639,455 1,506,385 7,576 7,576 321,149 513,300

2004 82 2,189,500 1,678,622 8,625 8,625 383,773 381,653

2005 169 2,076,302 2,052,760 9,013 9,013 391,120 510,507

Nota : Broker komoditi dimasukkan di dalam liputan bagi tahun 1983 dan seterusnya Note : Commodity brokers were included in the coverage from 1983 onwards

196

JADUAL 16.15 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA EJEN HARTANAH, 1971 - 2005, MALAYSIA

Table 16.15 : Principal Statistics of Real Estate Agents, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia









Paid of December


1971(a) 34 1,732 1,227 143 .. 397 553

1972(b) 43 2,858 1,729 213 .. 540 865

1973(b) 62 3,652 2,739 300 .. 783 752

1974(b) 70 3,985 3,500 358 .. 1,015 1,360

1975(b) 51 1,745 2,021 178 .. 356 1,704

1976(b) 67 2,151 2,130 225 .. 505 2,405

1977(b) 66 2,866 2,144 247 .. 592 2,275

1978 74 3,888 3,328 267 .. 734 5,625

1979 75 5,180 4,809 308 .. 1,094 5,745

1980 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1981 100 7,818 7,157 486 .. 2,151 3,983

1982 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1983 153 12,130 10,455 633 .. 3,612 4,986

1984 198 13,400 12,712 810 625 3,770 5,088

1985 232 14,591 13,240 1,025 790 5,247 5,390

1986 217 14,258 12,932 1,043 828 5,293 4,451

1987 205 22,443 20,607 1,375 1,172 6,649 4,258

1988 186 13,870 11,820 1,014 829 4,751 4,310

1989 209 28,790 25,700 1,353 1,159 8,231 5,750

1990 235 37,600 33,020 1,430 1,217 11,638 9,968

1991 220 44,760 35,440 1,237 1,038 9,274 10,148

1992 205 53,890 43,450 1,236 1,059 12,721 11,746

1993 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1994 245 53,900 46,860 1,492 1,266 17,243 10,468

1995 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1996 255 94,462 76,240 1,493 1,285 26,802 43,563

1997 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1998 442 97,153 97,801 2,693 2,306 39,076 60,804

1999 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2000 484 167,450 154,369 3,720 3,280 62,089 51,083

2001 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2002 425 146,859 132,728 2,846 2,422 45,806 31,230

2003 416 156,067 143,084 2,987 2,614 53,598 25,238

2004 423 162,193 146,825 3,142 2,754 55,973 27,848

2005 468 219,985 201,348 3,171 2,822 61,674 38,665

197

JADUAL 16.16 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA AGENSI PENGIKLANAN, 1983 - 2005, MALAYSIA

Table 16.16 : Principal Statistics of Advertising Agencies, 1983 - 2005, Malaysia









Paid of December


1983 113 307,596 299,525 2,198 2,183 32,357 12,728

1984 147 444,965 440,993 2,475 2,446 36,788 15,335

1985 158 498,770 490,878 2,611 2,565 42,078 15,807

1986 141 451,561 456,042 2,321 2,278 40,725 16,281

1987 131 461,902 461,698 2,186 2,151 39,823 18,129

1988 119 583,621 570,793 2,218 2,182 42,633 17,806

1989 118 683,310 660,986 2,542 2,517 50,426 21,420

1990 127 875,334 845,450 3,043 3,017 66,807 31,881

1991 129 1,030,093 995,755 3,338 3,313 84,860 39,459

1992 132 1,048,857 1,032,519 3,573 3,548 91,255 77,459

1993 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1994 130 1,281,640 40,465 3,705 3,690 119,011 53,632

1995 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1996 143 1,779,691 21,625 4,079 4,056 152,035 77,368

1997 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1998 123 1,329,343 1,300,172 3,197 3,185 147,218 82,773

2000 125 1,720,133 1,669,863 2,997 2,987 148,008 98,700

2001 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2002 191 2,027,517 1,972,358 3,619 3,581 175,834 115,974

2003 212 2,172,796 2,098,356 3,855 3,802 187,625 113,195

2004 216 1,767,489 1,686,612 3,819 3,767 197,580 109,159

2005 381 2,106,548 2,014,947 5,971 5,824 253,582 153,476

198

JADUAL 16.17 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA PERKHIDMATAN PENAYANGAN WAYANG GAMBAR , 1971 - 2005, MALAYSIA








Paid of December


1971(a) 195 60,477 53,572 3,268 .. 5,686 7,293

1972(c) 230 81,656 68,873 3,968 .. 7,029 11,479

1973 403 104,491 89,290 5,720 .. 9,848 27,075

1974 411 116,141 97,875 5,877 .. 11,246 28,936

1975 427 117,919 104,085 5,949 .. 12,286 35,772

1976 429 123,393 107,766 5,929 .. 13,304 37,226

1977 446 143,735 124,563 6,066 .. 14,290 39,781

1978 455 156,299 136,183 6,243 .. 15,115 49,763

1979 463 167,988 150,056 6,232 .. 16,907 58,679

1980 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1981 432 168,520 148,595 5,676 .. 19,016 71,157

1982 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1983 307 129,623 125,205 4,005 .. 17,275 51,389

1984 251 87,741 85,966 3,042 2,844 14,781 63,156

1985 211 82,225 84,310 1,931 1,762 8,520 50,380

1986 176 69,206 70,157 1,470 1,322 6,016 44,132

1987 165 62,065 59,302 1,320 1,177 5,175 28,646

1988 191 98,820 89,870 1,790 1,625 8,469 28,160

1989 190 96,430 85,110 1,714 1,590 8,212 27,180

1990 203 112,060 96,780 1,855 1,728 9,180 39,188

1991 202 114,270 100,760 1,863 1,745 10,529 41,256

1992 212 123,710 109,020 1,862 1,738 10,462 43,377

1993 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1994 230 115,440 114,470 1,873 1,706 12,060 62,617

1995 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1996 234 133,531 138,963 1,927 1,771 15,256 109,104

1997 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1998 162 144,156 155,577 1,574 1,478 15,122 176,153

1999 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2000 86 118,624 117,260 821 790 9,022 148,818

2001 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2002 41 114,736 103,029 596 583 6,837 97,236

2003 38 143,206 120,469 600 586 7,776 86,301

2004 47 157,435 134,375 818 801 10,962 70,951

Table 16.17 : Principal Statistics of Motion Picture Projection Services, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia

2005 36 187,108 155,863 760 750 10,880 68,243

199

JADUAL 16.18 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA PENGANGKUTAN BAS, 1971 - 2005, MALAYSIA

Table 16.18 : Principal Statistics of Bus Transport, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia









Paid of December


1971(a) 129 107,341 98,930 12,770 .. 35,181 48,710

1972 155 136,330 124,678 15,352 .. 45,033 61,431

1973 154 155,472 137,873 16,186 .. 49,078 66,142

1974 183 186,728 174,610 17,395 .. 58,803 85,512

1975 191 209,426 204,069 18,965 .. 65,131 95,530

1976 279 235,384 227,929 19,916 .. 70,601 113,828

1977 302 248,694 242,199 20,200 .. 76,702 128,416

1978 306 279,317 261,897 20,322 .. 81,245 137,036

1979 327 315,614 298,683 20,987 .. 92,764 153,005

1980 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1981 346 422,809 405,723 22,012 .. 130,557 185,828

1982 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1983 381 488,330 485,615 24,514 .. 164,626 236,747

1984 446 566,834 569,701 25,644 25,480 179,167 262,808

1985 451 594,782 582,387 26,200 26,030 193,118 260,070

1986 449 591,954 569,244 26,279 26,131 195,480 268,813

1987 460 609,705 582,085 26,288 26,124 196,496 261,633

1988 453 650,810 608,390 26,350 26,184 207,698 259,010

200

201

JADUAL 16.18 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA PENGANGKUTAN BAS, 1971 - 2005, MALAYSIA (samb.)

Table 16.18 : Principal Statistics of Bus Transport, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia (cont’d.)









Paid of December


1989 463 707,420 661,500 27,693 27,515 221,298 298,360

1990 444 743,650 705,830 27,750 27,584 233,612 329,868

1991 448 770,320 742,660 27,181 27,005 241,145 375,315

1992 436 820,920 779,990 26,818 26,655 255,526 410,590

1993 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1994 435 884,690 847,670 26,048 25,907 279,807 525,506

1995 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1996 385 910,168 908,185 24,526 24,444 277,043 832,667

1997 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1998 273 959,688 1,019,206 20,930 20,915 239,153 998,973

1999 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2000 271 1,117,416 1,082,907 20,535 20,524 288,994 897,219

2001 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2002 260 1,029,804 1,094,684 17,980 17,947 292,792 755,726

2003 259 965,527 1,166,960 18,172 18,146 302,644 710,957

2004 287 906,831 986,289 16,108 16,032 252,889 653,307

Nota : Sejak tahun rujukan 2000 hanya pertubuhan dengan pendapatan RM500,000 dan ke atas diliputi bagi negeri Sabah. Data bagi tahun rujukan 2005 dipungut secara liputan banci penuh Note : Since reference year 2000 only establishment with revenue of RM500,000 and above were canvassed for Sabah. Data for reference year 2005 was collected using full census

2005P 1,055 1,095,636 1,136,610 18,623 17,788 281,149 699,733

JADUAL 16.19 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA PENGANGKUTAN MUATAN, 1971 - 2005, MALAYSIA

Table 16.19 : Principal Statistics of Road Haulage, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia






1971(a) 258 68,636 59,235 5,573 .. 14,650 17,775

1972 591 83,900 72,766 6,758 .. 17,582 22,641

1973 667 120,567 113,938 9,011 .. 23,944 35,872

1974 1,943 221,746 204,130 16,622 .. 42,395 78,672

1975 2,508 226,285 215,424 17,217 .. 46,044 92,807

1976 2,669 240,152 229,057 17,316 .. 47,565 105,227

1977 3,037 292,475 270,175 18,873 .. 57,121 121,255

1978 3,299 344,862 316,333 20,716 .. 67,454 147,179

1979 3,475 394,855 360,806 21,301 .. 75,476 159,887

1980 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1981 4,589 593,248 551,836 23,499 .. 101,676 289,472

1982 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1983 5,111 747,232 689,606 26,891 .. 149,018 300,046

1984 5,626 887,236 845,667 28,773 24,835 168,483 413,449

1985 5,686 865,499 815,040 28,901 24,968 175,761 395,793

1986 5,976 881,947 820,328 29,989 25,856 182,629 374,331

1987 6,055 957,706 880,855 30,806 26,610 191,682 339,554

1988 6,212 1,094,570 997,990 32,240 27,793 211,247 358,090

1989 6,923 1,322,430 1,208,310 37,381 32,554 255,112 447,500

1990 7,422 1,591,530 1,416,410 40,454 35,500 294,098 453,096

1991 8,718 2,106,110 1,806,510 45,986 40,302 356,467 716,574

1992 9,045 2,196,340 2,005,650 47,198 41,263 397,901 806,437

1993 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1994 9,158 2,881,530 2,582,960 50,342 44,496 523,181 1,210,654

1995 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1996 8,785 3,752,578 3,407,047 51,983 46,421 647,484 1,742,996

1997 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1998 6,442 4,011,070 3,826,168 52,287 47,113 691,172 2,074,586

1999 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2000 1,070 4,026,437 3,664,432 37,110 36,668 641,957 1,775,005

2001 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2002 802 4,089,530 3,830,976 32,293 31,942 612,476 1,746,168

2003 819 4,616,160 4,324,518 35,546 35,227 728,392 1,909,024

2004 2,271 5,114,583 4,747,369 43,380 41,672 829,118 1,951,212

2005P 5,619 7,403,107 6,836,848 62,164 57,421 1,147,885 2,794,904

Nota : Hanya pertubuhan dengan pendapatan RM500,000 dan ke atas diliputi bagi tahun rujukan 2000 hingga 2003. Note : Only establishments with revenue of RM500,000 and above were canvassed for reference year 2000 until 2003.

202

JADUAL 16.20 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA SYARIKAT PERKAPALAN, 1971 - 2005, MALAYSIA

Table 16.20 : Principal Statistics of Shipping Companies, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia








Paid of December


1971(a) 9 25,869 28,289 689 .. 3,314 87,113

1972(a) 9 59,628 58,991 1,235 .. 6,255 175,405

1973(b) 68 98,846 92,643 2,449 .. 12,559 266,406

1974(b) 81 163,919 133,576 2,690 .. 16,027 371,470

1975 84 175,187 150,402 3,182 .. 20,167 566,684

1976 92 248,593 215,239 3,397 .. 24,043 853,019

1977 103 274,733 267,024 3,524 .. 24,948 529,208

1978 117 394,692 377,441 4,313 .. 31,350 540,767

1979 131 527,074 493,236 5,448 .. 41,662 2,119,726

1980 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1981 228 815,392 773,615 8,456 .. 70,585 3,414,732

1982 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1983 292 1,055,296 1,140,388 9,773 .. 108,293 3,550,060

1984 350 1,402,755 1,375,720 10,759 10,619 118,636 4,161,774

1985 326 1,687,786 1,653,073 11,215 11,099 130,252 4,140,530

1986 297 1,930,517 1,649,759 10,612 10,506 105,586 3,942,849

1987 271 2,070,162 1,830,795 9,770 9,675 119,362 3,698,818

1988 264 2,313,988 1,915,985 9,719 9,626 123,120 3,502,038

1989 245 2,446,181 1,851,636 9,872 9,799 127,632 3,514,577

1990 253 2,490,180 1,918,310 10,892 10,819 144,394 3,814,240

1991 249 2,707,630 2,087,480 11,239 11,162 157,130 4,029,108

1992 253 2,974,860 2,433,360 12,300 12,232 181,242 4,123,938

1993 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1994 256 3,427,260 2,809,390 11,986 11,934 226,746 5,031,053

1995 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1996 247 3,458,810 2,813,680 13,390 13,345 286,693 6,014,999

1997 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1998 313 5,513,040 4,735,119 16,831 16,790 396,664 10,042,853

1999 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2000 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2001 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2002 364 7,940,919 5,816,962 17,300 17,210 471,054 11,013,835

2003 348 8,720,815 6,484,441 18,378 18,318 598,119 12,702,473

2004 325 11,459,981 6,608,617 16,977 16,925 588,917 10,620,889

2005P 395 11,471,279 8,184,182 16,124 16,080 539,769 13,795,387

203

JADUAL 16.21 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA PENGANGKUTAN AIR PEDALAMAN, 2000 - 2005, MALAYSIA

Table 16.21 : Principal Statistics of Inland Water Transport, 2000 - 2005, Malaysia









Paid of December


2000 235 169,854 139,664 2,193 2,028 34,165 88,989

2001 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2002 58 136,369 108,065 1,450 1,432 24,624 76,948

2003 55 147,862 123,425 1,363 1,345 24,802 67,153

2004 57 154,553 133,445 1,332 1,314 23,764 72,120

2005P 371 241,344 206,718 2,376 2,054 35,233 112,850

JADUAL 16.22 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA PENGANGKUTAN UDARA, 2000 - 2005, MALAYSIA

Table 16.22 : Principal Statistics of Air Transport, 2000 - 2005, Malaysia









Paid of December


2000 19 9,021,925 11,089,284 23,835 23,835 975,097 9,994,199

2001 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2002 15 11,318,423 10,681,676 23,899 23,899 1,021,150 6,602,081

2003 15 11,427,111 10,931,489 24,620 24,620 1,277,189 2,053,322

2004 14 13,283,944 12,734,238 25,323 25,323 1,775,347 2,499,127

2005P 18 13,903,222 15,014,263 24,345 24,345 1,133,333 10,491,732

204

JADUAL 16.23 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA KERETA API / TRANSIT ALIRAN RINGAN, 2000 - 2005, MALAYSIA

Table 16.23 : Principal Statistics of Train / Light Rail Transit Services , 2000 - 2005, Malaysia









Paid of December


2000 3 388,724 728,450 6,588 6,588 127,504 4,030,329

2001 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2002 3 497,449 645,596 6,735 6,735 162,842 11,325,568

2003 4 628,282 901,032 6,916 6,916 187,930 12,411,703

2004 4 1,027,099 1,339,600 8,546 8,546 252,815 12,348,498

2005P 4 690,943 812,504 6,368 6,368 185,299 4,264,979

205

JADUAL 16.24 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA LAIN-LAIN PERKHIDMATAN PENGHANTARAN KARGO, 2000 - 2005, MALAYSIA

Table 16.24 : Principal Statistics of Other Forwarding Cargo Services, 2000 - 2005, Malaysia









Paid of December


2000 55 917,775 781,000 5,550 5,546 148,414 495,020

2001 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2002 50 482,394 471,883 2,247 2,241 51,589 49,299

2003 54 353,603 328,474 2,241 2,237 57,137 157,308

2004 42 245,625 222,408 1,629 1,625 45,654 161,757

2005P 147 902,630 849,426 4,558 4,529 116,901 279,272

JADUAL 16.25 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA SYARIKAT PEMUNGGAH KAPAL, 1971 - 2005, MALAYSIA Table 16.25 : Principal Statistics of Stevedoring Companies, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia






1971(a) 20 24,050 25,109 6,182 .. 17,329 1,650

1972 100 32,495 31,530 8,058 .. 22,170 2,471

1973 124 53,385 41,816 10,508 .. 30,395 2,675

1974 138 55,274 52,367 10,679 .. 39,102 3,551

1975 73 40,678 44,192 8,796 .. 32,954 1,463

1976 96 50,506 48,374 9,225 .. 36,494 1,894

1977 108 57,121 53,672 9,220 .. 42,197 2,605

1978 107 65,469 57,145 9,064 .. 42,460 2,911

1979 115 77,059 59,225 7,952 .. 41,635 3,027

1980 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1981 122 83,045 69,397 8,671 .. 47,033 4,517

1982 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1983 121 94,247 85,545 9,066 .. 59,787 7,322

1984 148 103,884 95,176 8,824 8,602 60,116 9,375

1985 143 95,805 88,713 8,248 8,024 57,960 8,747

1986 156 94,576 96,974 8,275 8,054 58,421 9,575

1987 156 100,582 100,903 8,552 8,338 62,257 11,069

1988 154 108,440 106,020 9,204 9,001 64,885 8,050

1989 152 135,040 120,180 10,368 10,182 68,181 9,800

1990 144 146,580 124,770 9,670 9,494 71,719 13,547

1991 146 141,050 126,000 13,008 12,820 73,079 16,356

1992 144 147,080 135,800 11,748 11,532 72,901 18,458

1993 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1994 129 210,160 166,830 8,712 8,544 61,220 153,216

1995 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1996 112 279,262 204,834 12,853 12,706 87,154 163,489

1997 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1998 108 821,351 732,679 9,869 9,751 192,872 2,103,147

1999 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2000 136 1,038,336 893,158 11,018 10,909 189,632 541,500

2001 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2002 91 158,759 133,566 4,466 2,914 47,663 62,459

2003 84 233,246 203,969 3,762 3,680 45,703 69,324

2004 86 167,548 161,352 3,655 3,583 48,999 40,871

Nota: Sebelum tahun 2000, data merangkumi penghantaran kargo & pemunggahan kapal Note : For the year 2000 and below, data covered forwarding cargo services & stevedoring companies

2005P 79 168,040 163,384 3,509 3,454 44,471 41,388

206

JADUAL 16.26 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA PERKHIDMATAN PENYIMPANAN DAN GUDANG, 2000 - 2005, MALAYSIA

Table 16.26 : Principal Statistics for Storage and Warehousing Services, 2000 - 2005, Malaysia









Paid of December


2000 18 95,413 61,386 615 614 12,284 262,317

2001 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2002 22 158,407 121,547 954 954 23,222 383,224

2003 35 390,228 401,493 2,674 2,672 64,932 366,191

2004 33 460,770 255,264 2,343 2,341 58,014 299,917

2005P 36 578,029 377,232 1,747 1,747 55,694 469,915

207

JADUAL 16.27 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA PERKHIDMATAN TEMPAT LETAK KERETA, 2002 - 2005, MALAYSIA

Table 16.27 : Principal Statistics of Parking Lots Services, 2002 - 2005, Malaysia



Bulan Disember Salaries & yang Dimiliki

Number of Number of Persons Wages Paid pada Akhir

Establishments Engaged as at Bulan Disember




Paid of December


2002 150 197,364 181,709 2,313 2,257 30,195 161,201

2003 182 340,349 288,527 3,456 3,398 52,173 393,174

2004 182 370,359 331,180 3,740 3,695 54,659 370,152

2005P 217 393,482 347,377 4,052 3,987 62,750 438,159

JADUAL 16.28 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA PERKHIDMATAN PENGOPERASIAN LEBUH RAYA, 2000 - 2005, MALAYSIA

Table 16.28 : Principal Statistics of Highway Operation Services, 2000 - 2005, Malaysia









Paid of December


2000 14 2,706,599 1,532,570 5,179 5,179 110,266 16,567,967

2001 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2002 13 2,407,477 6,122,661 5,253 5,253 115,968 11,783,229

2003 16 2,548,833 1,799,525 5,049 5,049 126,453 9,811,285

2004 18 3,123,196 2,188,535 5,279 5,279 133,197 11,934,437

2005P 18 3,426,582 2,091,222 5,402 5,402 131,564 10,844,163

JADUAL 16.29 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA PERKHIDMATAN PENGOPERASIAN PELABUHAN, 2000 - 2005, MALAYSIA

Table 16.29 : Principal Statistics of Port Operations Services, 2000 - 2005, Malaysia





Engaged as at Bulan Disember End of December Value of Fixed



Paid of December


2000 9 1,296,956 1,187,505 8,085 8,085 269,895 4,925,560

2001 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2002 9 2,016,005 1,729,186 9,008 9,008 348,247 5,376,907

2003 9 2,416,566 1,838,502 9,976 9,976 375,877 5,733,507

2004 9 2,657,754 1,939,149 10,025 10,025 388,006 5,723,471

2005P 10 2,839,165 2,057,811,024 10,070 10,070 426,204 6,199,964

208

JADUAL 16.30 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA PERKHIDMATAN AGENSI PENGEMBARAAN DAN OPERATOR PELANCONGAN, 1971 - 2005, MALAYSIA

Table 16.30 : Principal Statistics of Travel Agencies and Tour Operators Services, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia









Paid of December


1971(a) 104 7,187 6,199 684 .. 1,740 2,366

1972 163 12,080 10,585 1,210 .. 2,876 3,447

1973 208 21,536 21,585 1,561 .. 4,397 4,349

1974 259 29,579 29,614 2,058 .. 6,474 7,746

1975 330 37,473 38,412 2,140 .. 6,394 11,084

1976 357 29,780 28,095 2,104 .. 6,676 8,311

1977 402 43,972 42,440 2,468 .. 8,425 10,750

1978 415 56,791 54,634 2,626 .. 9,342 11,844

1979 446 66,950 65,341 2,811 .. 11,114 12,940

1980 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1981 579 88,728 84,274 3,846 .. 17,700 20,474

1982 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1983 706 155,262 150,390 4,735 .. 27,583 29,704

1984 757 204,932 208,187 4,823 4,333 30,308 43,758

1985 803 224,506 230,716 5,373 4,913 36,160 48,397

1986 807 213,322 216,015 5,385 5,001 37,324 49,416

1987 744 255,517 254,275 5,061 4,844 36,468 36,370

1988 695 301,440 283,890 5,063 4,942 38,251 36,580

1989 703 376,760 362,570 5,812 5,730 47,981 43,980

1990 744 550,250 528,440 6,912 6,864 60,961 68,098

1991 875 701,800 690,860 8,776 8,731 86,674 135,019

1992 894 1,032,100 995,060 9,211 9,193 100,278 144,560

1993 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1994 906 1,491,240 1,455,280 10,255 10,240 135,583 206,374

1995 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1996 984 2,150,645 2,075,003 11,439 11,430 181,503 285,424

1997 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1998 896 1,600,442 1,604,879 9,936 9,930 178,400 257,906

1999 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2000 1,021 2,819,014 2,759,346 11,814 11,814 219,681 292,626

2001 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2002 1,007 3,087,160 2,992,965 12,132 12,131 251,612 438,791

2003 1,041 2,794,244 3,158,310 12,295 12,290 289,394 477,566

2004 1,069 4,320,250 4,095,461 13,039 13,035 277,719 487,675

2005P 1,029 4,963,537 4,769,323 14,482 14,457 329,214 714,701

209

JADUAL 16.31 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA AGENSI PERKAPALAN, 1971 - 2005, MALAYSIA

Table 16.31 : Principal Statistics of Shipping Agencies, 1971 - 2005, Malaysia









Paid of December


1971(a) 73 14,384 10,264 1,177 .. 5,550 2,313

1972 101 18,487 13,147 1,419 .. 6,947 2,933

1973 133 25,544 17,852 1,885 .. 9,523 4,515

1974 146 31,811 22,232 2,028 .. 11,080 5,011

1975 133 24,437 20,349 1,493 .. 8,467 6,495

1976 152 31,382 24,211 1,812 .. 11,032 6,946

1977 177 36,852 30,294 2,072 .. 12,970 8,439

1978 180 44,814 34,563 2,347 .. 15,772 9,135

1979 187 53,025 42,240 2,393 .. 17,763 10,271

1980 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1981 252 71,456 58,357 2,645 .. 23,656 12,663

1982 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1983 247 84,115 67,995 2,831 .. 26,748 23,187

1984 282 96,045 81,163 2,940 2,881 30,596 32,786

1985 275 93,306 81,146 2,751 2,699 29,238 30,185

1986 277 85,853 74,033 2,585 2,532 28,685 30,967

1987 283 98,716 79,269 2,595 2,540 30,803 29,041

1988 286 123,080 89,410 2,817 2,776 35,093 29,300

1989 294 147,070 111,350 3,014 2,966 40,150 32,180

1990 313 170,500 131,280 3,444 3,394 46,002 56,308

1991 346 208,090 168,070 3,898 3,836 55,983 49,225

1992 363 245,770 198,080 4,510 4,446 65,172 66,652

1993 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1994 393 275,980 227,080 4,788 4,721 80,517 75,511

1995 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1996 386 407,667 339,719 5,186 5,130 100,382 381,595

1997 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1998 429 513,355 437,207 5,616 5,561 126,303 179,218

1999 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2000 704 1,534,574 1,380,969 10,645 10,401 251,794 311,601

2001 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2002 276 406,534 348,905 3,710 3,612 101,263 131,855

2003 232 499,466 428,831 3,885 3,845 113,113 153,051

2004 221 681,413 602,814 3,456 3,426 104,484 143,702

2005P 258 947,332 791,216 3,822 3,770 113,314 160,029

210

211

JADUAL 16.32 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA PERKHIDMATAN AGENSI PENGHANTARAN, 2000 - 2005, MALAYSIA

Table 16.32 : Principal Statistics of Forwarding Agencies Services, 2000 - 2005, Malaysia









Paid of December


2000 374 797,493 739,888 5,926 5,742 129,989 153,219

2001 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2002 495 1,316,686 1,201,864 9,180 8,946 187,865 224,644

2003 518 1,834,318 1,651,775 11,130 10,909 257,826 291,565

2004 539 2,064,238 1,907,057 11,118 10,867 275,685 325,645

2005P 718 3,180,100 2,962,856 11,867 11,573 282,569 384,329

JADUAL 16.33 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA PERKHIDMATAN POS DAN KURIER, 2000 - 2005, MALAYSIA

Table 16.33 : Principal Statistics of Post and Courier Services, 2000 - 2005, Malaysia









Paid of December


2000 42 846,639 794,278 5,841 5,826 91,522 97,648

2001 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

2002 81 1,037,283 1,000,584 7,767 7,743 149,851 472,771

2003 84 1,550,152 1,463,121 21,369 21,342 459,587 452,980

2004 92 1,636,582 1,549,832 22,679 22,655 484,301 430,184

2005P 118 2,243,323 1,986,914 24,026 23,983 515,399 503,766

JADUAL 16.34 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA PERKHIDMATAN TELEKOMUNIKASI, 2000 - 2005, MALAYSIA

Table 16.34 : Principal Statistics of Telecommunications Services, 2000 - 2005, Malaysia



Establishments Number of Persons Wages Paid pada Akhir Engaged as at Bulan Disember





2000 38 17,376,798 16,653,682 43,557 43,557 1,313,595 28,315,033

2001 42 21,937,006 16,362,936 43,124 43,124 1,449,492 29,219,580

2002 59 21,079,234 19,382,800 40,419 40,419 1,461,585 31,834,021

2003 61 22,564,142 19,325,262 37,701 37,701 1,595,295 30,142,576

2004 94 27,197,843 24,072,619 40,874 40,874 1,773,811 28,662,330

2005 138 32,141,203 27,403,667 42,118 42,118 1,650,213 28,370,004

212

JADUAL 16.35 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA PERKHIDMATAN KOMPUTER, 2000 - 2005, MALAYSIA Table 16.35 : Principal Statistics of Computer Services, 2000 - 2005, Malaysia






2000 283 3,282,937 2,945,826 12,240 12,168 577,764 456,333

2001 284 4,497,319 4,093,405 13,541 13,507 710,555 656,691

2002 486 7,919,702 7,344,678 20,028 19,964 998,245 894,057

2003 502 8,086,062 7,649,602 22,661 22,574 1,240,064 1,076,245

2004 703 8,598,571 8,142,211 26,973 26,883 1,529,925 1,304,927

2005 1,090 10,848,878 9,877,227 34,192 34,026 1,794,182 1,525,693

JADUAL 16.36 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA PERDAGANGAN BORONG, 1998 - 2006, MALAYSIA

Table 16.36 : Principal Statistics of Wholesale Trade, 1998 - 2006, Malaysia

Tahun Year

Nilai jualan Value of sales

Jumlah bilangan pekerja Total numbers of workers

Gaji & Upah yang dibayar

Salaries & Wages Paid

(RM '000) (RM '000)

1998 90,543,131 179,808 ..

1999 94,369,461 170,283 2,310,972

2000 100,681,416 166,468 2,924,318

2001 103,964,438 160,911 2,980,012

2002 112,347,445 162,031 3,219,458

2003 119,422,885 166,949 3,500,107

2004 130,850,336 166,422 3,435,651

2005 110,910,841 79,182 2,155,062

2006 140,087,686 85,328 2,780,609

JADUAL 16.37 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA PERDAGANGAN RUNCIT, 1998 - 2006, MALAYSIA

Table 16.37 : Principal Statistics of Retail Trade, 1998 - 2006, Malaysia

Tahun Year





(RM '000) (RM '000)

1998 34,612,986 260,531 ..

1999 34,355,628 242,930 962,419

2000 34,736,148 235,753 1,333,365

2001 34,142,509 232,919 1,423,632

2002 35,407,179 234,282 1,497,047

2003 36,464,457 233,762 1,474,437

2004 38,442,485 228,474 1,410,352

2005 59,856,501 294,102 3,806,299

2006 72,323,931 274,096 4,246,696

213

JADUAL 16.38 : PERANGKAAN UTAMA PERDAGANGAN KENDERAAN BERMOTOR, 1998 - 2006, MALAYSIA

Table 16.38 : Principal Statistics of Motor Vehicle Trade, 1998 - 2006, Malaysia

Tahun Year





(RM '000) (RM '000)

1998 14,238,383 49,937 ..

1999 19,762,928 46,204 478,081

2000 22,599,576 44,140 672,966

2001 25,464,264 49,565 757,833

2002 26,954,251 51,103 839,876

2003 25,653,590 54,461 922,487

2004 25,742,535 51,445 920,509

2005 27,825,928 37,717 802,515

2006 25,379,882 35,830 949,579

214

215

ALAM SEKITAR Nota Keterangan

1. Data berhubung dengan indeks pencemaran udara dan kualiti air sungai diperoleh

daripada Jabatan Alam Sekitar (JAS). Data diperoleh bermula dari tahun 1998

hingga 2006.

Indeks Pencemaran Udara (IPU)

2. IPU menunjukkan status kualiti udara di stesen terpilih iaitu di Kuala Lumpur, Johor

Bahru, Melaka, Seberang Jaya, Kuching dan Kota Kinabalu. Bahan cemar udara

yang terlibat dalam pengiraan IPU Malaysia adalah ozon (O3), karbon monoksida

(CO), nitrogen dioksida (NO2), sulfur dioksida (SO2) dan bahan zarah yang

berukuran kurang dari 10 mikron (PM10).

3. Ukuran indeks bagi menunjukkan status kualiti udara dan kesannya kepada

kesihatan manusia dikategorikan seperti berikut :

IPU Kesan Kesihatan IPU Kesan kesihatan

0 – 50 Bagus 201 – 300 Sangat tidak sihat

51 – 100 Sederhana 301 – 500 Berbahaya

101 – 200 Tidak sihat Melebihi 500 Kecemasan

Kualiti Air Sungai

4. Program Pemantauan Kualiti Air Sungai dijalankan oleh JAS untuk mengenalpasti

status kualiti air sungai, mengesan perubahan kualiti air disebabkan oleh aktiviti

pembangunan dan juga mengenal pasti punca pencemaran.

5. Contoh-contoh air telah diambil daripada stesen-stesen pemantauan dan dianalisa

bagi mengukur Indeks Kualiti Air (IKA). Parameter yang dianalisa ialah keperluan

oksigen biokimia (BOD5), ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N) dan pepejal terampai (SS).

6. Hasil daripada penganalisaan tersebut, kualiti air sungai boleh diklasifikasikan

kepada tiga kategori iaitu bersih (B), sederhana tercemar (ST) dan tercemar (T).

ENVIRONMENT

Explanatory Notes

1. Data pertaining to air pollutant index and river water quality are obtained from the

Department of Environment (DOE). The data are available since 1998 to 2006.

Air Pollutant Index (API)

2. The API shows the air quality status in the selected stations namely in Kuala

Lumpur, Johor Bahru, Melaka, Seberang Jaya, Kuching and Kota Kinabalu. The air

pollutants included in Malaysian’s API calculation are ozone (O3), carbon monoxide

(CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulphur dioxide (SO2) and suspended particulate

matter of less than 10 microns in size (PM10).

3. Index value to reflect the status of the air quality and its effect on human health are

categorized as follows :

API Health Effects API Health Effects

0 – 50 Good 201 – 300 Very unhealthy

51 – 100 Moderate 301 – 500 Hazardous

101 – 200 Unhealthy Above 500 Emergency

River Water Quality

4. River Water Quality Monitoring Programme done by DOE is to establish the status

of river water quality, to detect changes in water quality as a result of development

activities and also to identify the pollution sources.

5. Water samples collected from monitored stations are analysed to derive the Water

Quality Index (WQI). The parameters which analysed are biochemical oxygen

demand (BOD5), ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N) and suspended solids (SS).

6. As a result, river water quality could be classified into three categories namely clean

(C), slightly polluted (SP) and polluted (P).

216

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Indeks / In

dex

Kuala Lumpur Johor Bharu MelakaSeberang Jaya, Prai Kuching Kota Kinabalu

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Bil.

/ N

o.

CARTA 17.1 : PURATA TAHUNAN INDEKS PENCEMARAN UDARA BAGI STESEN-STESEN TERPILIH , 1998 - 2006, MALAYSIA

Chart 17.1 : Annual Average Air Pollutant Index for Selected Stations , 1998 - 2006, Malaysia

CARTA 17.2 : BILANGAN LEMBANGAN SUNGAI MENGIKUT KATEGORI, 1998 - 2006, MALAYSIA

Chart 17.2 : Number of River Basins By Category, 1998 - 2006, Malaysia

Tercemar / Polluted Sederhana Tercemar / Slightly Polluted Bersih / Clean

217

JADUAL 17.1 : PURATA TAHUNAN INDEKS PENCEMARAN UDARA BAGI STESEN-STESEN TERPILIH DAN BILANGAN LEMBANGAN SUNGAI MENGIKUT KATEGORI, 1998 - 2006, MALAYSIA Table 17.1 : Annual Average Air Pollutant Index for Selected Stations and Number of River Basins By Category, 1998 - 2006, Malaysia

Tahun Year

Kualiti Udara Air Quality

Kualiti Air Water Quality

Indeks Pencemaran Udara Air Pollution Index

Kuala Lumpur

Johor Bharu

Melaka Seberang Jaya, Prai

Kuching Kota

Kinabalu

Jumlah Lembangan

Sungai Diawasi Total River Basins

Monitored

Tercemar Polluted

Sederhana Tercemar

Slightly Polluted

Bersih Clean

1998 46 37 44 42 28 43 120 16 71 33

1999 .. .. .. .. .. .. 120 13 72 35

2000 56 48 52 53 41 40 120 12 74 34

2001 65 56 61 60 40 40 120 13 47 60

2002 70 47 43 63 34 43 120 14 43 63

2003 63 54 39 57 25 38 120 9 52 59

2004 60 57 39 52 42 33 120 9 53 58

2005 78 64 55 59 47 39 146 15 51 80

2006 40 61 54 59 52 44 146 7 59 80

Kategori Category

JADUAL 17.2 : BEBAN PELEPASAN BAHAN PENCEMAR MENGIKUT PUNCA, 1998 - 2006, MALAYSIA Table 17.2 : Emission Load of Pollutants by Sources, 1998- 2006, Malaysia

‘000 Tan Metrik / Tonnes

Tahun Year

Punca Tetap Stationary Sources

Punca Bergerak Mobile Sources

Lain-lain Others

Jumlah Total

Industri Industrial

Stesen Janakuasa Power Plant

1998 706.5 2,402.8 146.5 (+) 3,255.8

1999 461.4 2,563.1 114.2 (+) 3,138.7

2000 566.7 2,642.6 29.2 (+) 3,238.5

2001 308.0 2,561.7 8.6 (+) 2,878.3

2002 702.1 2,939.9 14.6 (+) 3,656.6

2003 125.1 127.4 1,649.1 163.2 (*) 2,064.8

2004 372.4 359.0 1,478.6 38.7 (*) 2,248.7

2005 157.3 148.8 1,538.0 23.1(*) 1,867.2

2006 158.7 150.7 1,631.4 44.9 (*) 1,985.7

Nota : Data punca tetap dari tahun 1998 hingga 2002 adalah data jumlah keseluruhan sahaja. Beban pelepasan ke udara adalah dari CO, NO2, SO2 dan PM10 (+) : Data tahun 1998—2002 merujuk kepada Pembakaran Sisa Bandaran dan Industri (Pembakaran Sisa) (*) : Termasuk hotel, komersial, institusi dan pasar malam. Beban pelepasan ke udara pada tahun 2005 - 2006 adalah dari SO2 dan PM10 sahaja. Note : Stationery Sources data for the year 1998 until 2002 are total data only. Air emission loads are combination of CO, NO2, SO2 and PM10

(+) : Data from 1998 - 2002 refers to Burning of Municipal and Industrial Wastes (Burning of Waste) (*) : Includes hotels, commercials, institutions and night markets. Air emission load for 2005 - 2006 are combination of SO2 and PM10 only.

219

JADUAL 17.3 : STATUS KUALITI AIR SUNGAI BERDASARKAN BOD5, NH3-N DAN SS, 1998 - 2006, MALAYSIA Table 17.3 : Status of River Water Quality based on BOD5, NH3-N and SS, 1998 - 2006, Malaysia

Jumlah Lembangan Sungai Yang Diawasi

Total River Basins Monitored

Keperluan Oksigen Biokimia (BOD5)

Biochemical Oxygen Demand

Ammoniakal Nitrogen (NH3-N)

Ammoniacal Nitrogen

Pepejal Terampai (SS)

Suspended Solids

T P

ST SP

B C

T P

ST SP

B C

T P

ST SP

B C

1998 120 25 36 59 52 53 15 41 28 51

1999 120 31 75 14 33 70 17 45 22 53

2000 120 18 63 39 22 48 50 53 25 42

2001 120 21 41 58 24 43 53 38 25 57

2002 120 22 29 69 29 40 51 28 14 78

2003 120 15 29 76 29 37 54 28 17 75

2004 120 18 37 65 30 47 43 31 11 78

2005 146 28 41 77 43 54 49 34 22 90

2006 146 22 28 96 41 56 49 42 20 84

Tahun Year

Nota : T : Tercemar ST : Sederhana Tercemar B : Bersih Note : P : Polluted SP : Slightly Polluted C : Clean

220

PERANGKAAN TENAGA BURUH

Nota Keterangan

1. Perangkaan Tenaga Buruh yang diperoleh daripada Penyiasatan Tenaga Buruh

dipersembahkan mulai tahun 1982. Data tahun 1991 dan 1994 tidak diperoleh

kerana penyiasatan tidak dijalankan pada tahun tersebut.

2. Perangkaan Tenaga Buruh ini mempersembahkan anggaran tenaga buruh, taburan

guna tenaga mengikut pekerjaan dan industri, dan pengangguran.

3. Tenaga Buruh

Tenaga buruh merujuk kepada mereka yang berumur 15 hingga 64 tahun (dalam

tahun genap pada hari jadi terakhir) semasa minggu rujukan, sama ada bekerja

atau menganggur.

4. Bekerja

Semua orang yang bekerja sekurang-kurangnya sejam semasa minggu rujukan

untuk mendapatkan upah, keuntungan atau keuntungan keluarga (sebagai majikan,

pekerja, pekerja sendiri atau pekerja keluarga tanpa gaji).

Juga dianggap sebagai bekerja ialah mereka yang tidak bekerja semasa minggu

rujukan disebabkan sakit, kecederaan, tiada upaya, cuaca buruk, bercuti,

pertelingkahan buruh dan sebab-sebab sosial atau keagamaan tetapi mempunyai

pekerjaan, ladang, perusahaan atau perusahaan keluarga lain untuk kembali

bekerja. Termasuk juga ialah mereka yang tidak bekerja buat sementara waktu

tetapi bergaji dan pasti akan dipanggil bekerja semula.

221

5. Menganggur

Tenaga buruh dikelaskan sebagai menganggur jika dalam minggu rujukan mereka

tidak bekerja tetapi bersedia untuk bekerja dan aktif mencari pekerjaan (penganggur

aktif). Mereka dianggap tidak aktif seperti di bawah :

a) Tidak mencari pekerjaan dalam minggu rujukan kerana percaya tidak

terdapat pekerjaan ataupun mereka tidak berkelayakan,

b) Mungkin mencari pekerjaan jika tidak kerana sakit atau cuaca buruk,

c) Menunggu jawapan permohonan pekerjaan, dan

d) Telah mencari pekerjaan sebelum minggu rujukan.

6. Pekerjaan

Pekerjaan dikelaskan mengikut klasifikasi “Piawaian Pengelasan Pekerjaan

Malaysia (MASCO) 1998” berasaskan kepada “International Standard

Classification of Occupations (ISCO - 88)”. Bagi data tahun 2000 dan sebelumnya,

ia merujuk kepada “Dictionary of Occupations Classification (DOC)”. Bagi

seseorang yang mempunyai lebih daripada satu pekerjaan, hanya pekerjaan yang

mengambil masa terbanyak semasa tempoh rujukan dianggap sebagai pekerjaan

utamanya. Jika masa bekerja bagi tiap-tiap pekerjaan itu sama, maka pekerjaan

yang menghasilkan pendapatan yang tertinggi adalah pekerjaan utamanya. Dalam

kes di mana bilangan jam bekerja dan pendapatannya adalah sama bagi setiap

pekerjaan, pekerjaan di mana dia telah bekerja paling lama dianggap sebagai

pekerjaan utamanya.

7. Industri

Industri dikelaskan mengikut "Piawaian Klasifikasi Industri Malaysia (MSIC) 2000",

yang diterbitkan oleh Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia, berasaskan kepada

"International Standard Industrial Classifications of All Economic Activities (ISIC -

88), Revision 3". Sebelum tahun 2001, ia merujuk “Malaysia Industrial

Classification (MIC1972)”. Pengelasan industri seseorang merujuk kepada yang

berkaitan dengan pekerjaan utamanya.

222

8. Kadar Penyertaan Tenaga Buruh

Kadar penyertaan tenaga buruh adalah merujuk kepada peratusan bilangan orang

dalam tenaga buruh daripada jumlah orang dalam umur bekerja (15 hingga 64

tahun).

9. Kadar Pengangguran

Kadar pengangguran adalah peratusan bilangan penganggur daripada bilangan

tenaga buruh.

223

LABOUR FORCE STATISTICS

Explanatory Notes

1. Statistics of the labour force obtained from the Labour Force Survey was presented

since 1982. Data for the year 1991 and 1994 were not available since the survey

was not conducted for that particular years.

2. Statistics of the labour force that being presented is the estimation of labour force,

distribution of employment by occupation and industry and unemployment.

3. Labour Force

Labour Force refers to those who were in the 15 to 64 years age group (in com-

pleted years at last birthday) and who were either employed or unemployed.

4. Employed

All persons who, at any time during the reference week worked at least one hour for

pay, profit or family gain (as an employer, employee, own-account worker or unpaid

family worker).

Also considered as employed were persons who did not work during the reference

week because of illness, injury, disability, bad weather, vacation, labour dispute and

social or religious reason but had a job, farm, enterprise or other family enterprise to

return to. Also included were those on temporary lay-off with pay who would

definitely be called back to work.

224

5. Unemployed

Labour force is classified as unemployed if they are not working during the

reference week but available for work and actively looking for work (active

unemployed). Unemployed also include the person which inactive unemployed as

follows:-

a) Did not look for work because they believed no work was available or they

were not qualified;

b) Would have looked for work if they had not been temporarily ill or had it not

been for bad weather;

c) Waiting for answers to job applications; and

d) Looked for work prior to the reference week.

6. Occupation

Occupation is classified according to the “Malaysia Standard Classification of

Occupations (MASCO) 1998” based on the “International Standard Classification of

Occupations (ISCO - 88)”. For the year 2000 and before, it refers to “Dictionary of

Occupations Classification (DOC)”. For a person having more than one job, only

the job at which he worked for the longest number of hours during the reference

week was treated as his principal occupation. Should the number of hours worked

for each job be the same, then the job with the highest income was the principal

occupation. When the number of hours worked and the income earned from each

job were the same, the job at which he was working for the longest period of time

was the principal occupation.

7. Industry

Industry is classified according to the "Malaysia Standard Industrial Classification,

(MSIC) 2000" published by the Department of Statistics, Malaysia based on the

"International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC -

88), Revision 3". Prior to the year 2001, it refers to “Malaysia Industrial

Classification (MIC 1972)”. A person's industry classification refers to that of his

principal occupation.

225

8. Labour Force Participation Rates

Labour force participation rates refer to the percentage of number of persons in the

labour force from the total number of persons in the working age (15 to 64 years

old).

9. Unemployment Rates

Unemployment rates refer to the percentage of number unemployed persons from

the number of persons in the labour force.

226

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Bil. / No . ('000)

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

Kadar/Rate (%)

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

10,000

11,000

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Bil./ No. ('000)

61

62

63

64

65

66

67

Kadar / Rate (%)

227

CARTA 18.1 : TENAGA BURUH & KADAR PENYERTAAN TENAGA BURUH , 1995 - 2006, MALAYSIA

Chart 18.1 : Labour Force & Labour Force Participation Rate , 1995 - 2006, Malaysia

CARTA 18.2 : PENGANGGURAN & KADAR PENGANGGURAN, 1995 - 2006, MALAYSIA

Chart 18.2 : Unemployment & Unemployment Rate, 1995 - 2006, Malaysia

Kadar Pengangguran / Unemployment Rate Pengangguran / Unemployment

Kadar Penyertaan Tenaga Buruh / Labour Force Participation Rate

Tenaga Buruh / Labour Force

JADUAL 18.1 : TENAGA BURUH, GUNA TENAGA MENGIKUT SEKTOR (MIC 1972) DAN PENGANGGURAN, 1982 - 2000,

MALAYSIA

Table 18.1 : Labour Force, Employment by Sector (MIC 1972) and Unemployment, 1982 - 2000, Malaysia

('000)

Tahun/Year 1982 1983 1984 1985

Tenaga Buruh 5,431.4 5,671.8 5,862.5 5,990.1

Labour Force

Guna Tenaga Mengikut Sektor

Employment by Sector

Pertanian, Perhutanan, Ternakan dan Perikanan 1,635.8 1,670.9 1,695.0 1,717.4

Agriculture, Forestry, Livestock and Fishing

Perlombongan dan Kuari 51.7 55.1 46.5 44.4


Pembuatan 816.0 894.1 858.4 850.4

Manufacturing

Pembinaan 377.5 425.6 428.0 419.4

Construction

Elektrik, Gas dan Air 34.9 39.3 32.9 31.5


Pengangkutan, Penyimpanan dan Perhubungan 223.1 235.9 242.8 244.3


Perdagangan Borong dan Runcit, Hotel dan Restoran 860.9 897.3 956.6 994.3


Perkhidmatan Kewangan, Insurans, Hartanah dan Perniagaan 202.1 197.7 200.5 218.9


Perkhidmatan Masyarakat, Sosial dan Persendirian 1,046.9 1,041.0 1,106.0 1,132.7

Community, Social and Personal Services

Jumlah Gunatenaga 5,249.0 5,457.0 5,566.7 5,653.3

Total Employment

Pengangguran 182.4 214.9 295.8 336.8

Unemployment

Kadar Pengangguran (% daripada Tenaga Buruh) 3.4 3.8 5.0 5.6

Unemployment Rate (% of Labour Force)

Kadar Penyertaan Tenaga Buruh (%) 64.8 65.6 65.3 65.7

Labour Force Participation Rate (%)

229

JADUAL 18.1 : TENAGA BURUH, GUNA TENAGA MENGIKUT SEKTOR (MIC 1972) DAN PENGANGGURAN, 1982 - 2000,

MALAYSIA (Samb.)

Table 18.1 : Labour Force, Employment by Sector (MIC 1972) and Unemployment, 1982 - 2000, Malaysia (Cont'd.)

Tahun/Year 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990

Tenaga Buruh

6,222.1

6,456.8

6,637.0

6,779.4

7,000.2

Labour Force

Guna Tenaga Mengikut Sektor

Employment by Sector

Pertanian, Perhutanan, Ternakan dan Perikanan

1,764.5

1,846.4

1,883.8

1,832.5

1,737.6

Agriculture, Forestry, Livestock and Fishing


40.6

33.0

30.7

33.1

36.8


Pembuatan

874.0

928.9

978.1

1,171.1

1,332.8

Manufacturing

Pembinaan

369.4

336.3

339.9

376.9

423.9

Construction


32.4

35.9

41.3

40.6

46.7


Pengangkutan, Penyimpanan dan Perhubungan

242.0

252.0

265.1

277.6

301.9



1,035.1

1,091.7

1,112.6

1,143.9

1,217.8


Perkhidmatan Kewangan, Insurans, Hartanah dan Perniagaan

234.6

241.6

229.4

253.2

258.4


Perkhidmatan Masyarakat, Sosial dan Persendirian

1,167.6

1,218.1

1,276.1

1,262.0

1,329.0

Community, Social and Personal Services

Jumlah Gunatenaga

5,760.1

5,983.9

6,157.2

6,390.9

6,685.0

Total Employment

Pengangguran 461.9 472.9 479.8 388.5

315.2

Unemployment

Kadar Pengangguran (% daripada Tenaga Buruh) 7.4 7.3 7.2 5.7 4.5


Kadar Penyertaan Tenaga Buruh (%)

66.1

66.5

66.8

66.2

66.5


230

('000)

1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000

.. 7,319.0 7,700.1 .. 7,893.1 8,616.0 8,784.0 8,883.6 9,151.5 9,556.1

.. 1,535.8 1,558.6 .. 1,526.8 1,626.2 1,481.3 1,616.5 1,623.7 1,552.4

.. 36.3 37.6 .. 32.5 35.0 38.5 28.4 37.8 27.7

.. 1,639.6 1,726.9 .. 1,780.5 1,912.1 2,002.5 1,907.8 1,990.7 2,174.2

.. 506.7 538.8 .. 611.3 716.5 793.0 745.9 722.8 759.9

.. 45.9 60.3 .. 48.0 44.1 50.9 50.0 50.2 49.3

.. 326.2 344.0 .. 359.2 400.7 423.3 421.7 420.3 433.9

.. 1,254.5 1,266.2 .. 1,370.7 1,566.7 1,577.9 1,616.0 1,660.7 1,787.2

.. 299.8 330.1 .. 363.7 412.0 447.2 425.8 466.2 474.3

.. 1,403.0 1,520.9 .. 1,552.2 1,686.0 1,754.5 1,787.5 1,865.4 2,010.3

.. 7,047.8 7,383.4 .. 7,645.0 8,399.3 8,569.2 8,599.6 8,837.8 9,269.2

.. 271.2 316.8 .. 248.1 216.8 214.9 284.0 313.7 286.9

.. 3.7 4.1 .. 3.1 2.5 2.5 3.2 3.4 3.0

.. 65.9 66.5 .. 64.7 66.3 65.6 64.3 64.2 65.0

231

JADUAL 18.2 : TENAGA BURUH, GUNA TENAGA MENGIKUT SEKTOR (MSIC 2000) DAN PENGANGGURAN 2001 - 2006, MALAYSIA

Table 18.2 : Labour Force, Employment by Sector (MSIC 2000) and Unemployment, 2001 - 2006, Malaysia

('000)

Tahun/Year 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Tenaga Buruh 9,699.4 9,886.2 10,239.6 10,346.2 10,413.4 10,628.9

Labour Force

Guna Tenaga Mengikut Sektor Employment by Sector

Pertanian, Pemburuan, dan Perhutanan 1,288.2 1,316.8 1,301.2 1,326.5 1,355.2 1,375.3

Agriculture, Hunting and Forestry Perikanan 127.7 107.7 107.0 126.1 115.2 128.2

Fishing Perlombongan dan Pengkuarian 26.7 27.5 29.5 34.7 36.1 42.0

Mining and Quarrying Pembuatan 2,184.1 2,068.9 2,131.0 2,023.0 1,989.3 2,082.8

Manufacturing Pembinaan 829.8 905.1 942.5 890.8 904.4 908.9

Construction Elektrik, Gas dan Air 57.3 50.6 57.6 57.9 56.6 75.4

Electricity, Gas and Water Perdagangan Jual Borong dan Jual Runcit, Pembaikan Kenderaan 1,458.1 1,497.0 1,592.2 1,607.2 1,620.3 1,650.5

Bermotor, Motosikal dan Barangan Persendirian dan Isi Rumah Wholesale and Retail Trade, Repair of Motor Vehicles, Motorcycles and Personal and Household Goods Hotel dan Restoran 585.1 616.1 644.2 698.2 671.8 721.3

Hotels and Restaurants Pengangkutan, Penyimpanan dan Komunikasi 468.3 496.8 481.6 532.9 544.7 539.7

Transport, Storage and Communications Pengantaraan Kewangan 225.3 240.5 223.4 236.1 247.4 242.3

Financial Intermediation Aktiviti Hartanah, Penyewaan dan Perniagaan 348.6 397.1 404.2 458.5 459.0 508.4

Real Estate, Renting and Business Activities Pentadbiran Awam dan Pertahanan; Keselamatan Sosial Wajib 664.6 663.6 666.5 684.3 728.5 674.1

Public Administration and Defence; Compulsory Social Security Pendidikan 508.6 508.6 594.3 610.7 607.1 600.1

Education Kesihatan dan Kerja Sosial 173.3 189.3 217.3 198.2 212.6 223.2

Health and Social Work Aktiviti Perkhidmatan Komuniti, Sosial dan Persendirian Lain 190.4 192.5 216.1 231.3 234.9 247.1

Other Community, Social and Personal Service Activities Isi Rumah Persendirian Dengan Pekerja Bergaji 219.9 262.7 258.0 260.9 260.6 254.7

Private Households With Employed Persons Organisasi dan Badan-Badan Di Luar Wilayah 1.2 2.0 3.2 2.2 1.7 1.2

Extra-Territorial Organisations and Bodies

Jumlah Gunatenaga 9,357.0 9,542.6 9,869.7 9,979.5 10,045.4 10,275.4

Total Employment

Pengangguran 342.4 343.5 369.8 366.6 368.1 353.6

Unemployment

Kadar Pengangguran (% daripada Tenaga Buruh) 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.5 3.5 3.3


Kadar Penyertaan Tenaga Buruh (%) 64.9 64.4 65.2 64.4 63.3 63.1


232

PERANGKAAN PENDUDUK

Nota Keterangan

1. Anggaran Penduduk

Anggaran penduduk bagi tahun 1891 – 1901 merujuk kepada Perak, Pahang,

Selangor dan Negeri Sembilan sahaja, yang diperoleh dari Banci Negeri-negeri

Melayu Bersekutu.

Anggaran penduduk bagi tempoh 1911 – 1959 pula merujuk kepada Semenanjung

Malaysia sahaja. Manakala maklumat mengikut umur bagi tahun 1911, 1921, 1931

dan 1947 tidak diperoleh dengan lengkap.

Anggaran penduduk bagi tahun rujukan 1960 – 1969 adalah berasaskan kepada

penyusunan Perangkaan Penting Semenanjung Malaysia, Perangkaan Penting

Sabah dan Perangkaan Penting Sarawak. Manakala data bagi tahun rujukan

1970 – 1999 disusun berdasarkan Kajian Semula Anggaran Penduduk

Pertengahan Tahun Antara Banci. Ia melibatkan Banci Penduduk bagi tahun 1970,

1980, 1991 dan 2000.

Bagi tempoh 2000 – 2007, anggaran disediakan berdasarkan Banci Penduduk 2000

yang telah disesuaikan untuk kurang penghitungan dan salah lapor umur.

Seterusnya ia diunjurkan kepada tahun-tahun semasa berdasarkan andaian

komponen-komponen kesuburan, mortaliti dan migrasi.

2. Kadar Utama Demografi

Kadar utama demografi adalah berasaskan kepada data kelahiran dan kematian

yang disusun oleh Jabatan Perangkaan, Malaysia yang bersumberkan pendaftaran

sivil oleh Jabatan Pendaftaran Negara. Penyusunan mulai tahun 1963 bagi

Semenanjung Malaysia dan tahun 1966 bagi Sabah dan Sarawak. Maklumat

sebelumnya diperoleh daripada “Report of the Registrar General of Births and

Deaths” dan Laporan Banci Penduduk bagi tahun-tahun tertentu.

233

Kadar Demografi adalah seperti berikut :-

• Kadar Pertambahan Semula Jadi Kasar merupakan lebihan bilangan

kelahiran setelah ditolak dengan bilangan kematian bagi setiap 1,000 penduduk.

• Kadar Kelahiran Hidup Kasar merujuk kepada kelahiran yang bernyawa

semasa dilahirkan bagi setiap 1,000 penduduk.

• Kadar Kematian Kasar merujuk kepada kematian bagi semua peringkat umur

bagi setiap 1,000 penduduk.

• Kadar Kematian Neonatal merujuk kepada kematian bayi yang berumur

kurang daripada 28 hari bagi setiap 1,000 kelahiran hidup.

• Kadar Kematian Bayi merujuk kepada kematian bayi yang berumur kurang

daripada 1 tahun bagi setiap 1,000 kelahiran hidup.

• Kadar Kematian Kanak-kanak merujuk kepada kematian kanak-kanak yang

berumur 1 – 4 tahun bagi setiap 1,000 penduduk berumur 1-4 tahun.

• Kadar Kematian Ibu Bersalin merujuk kepada kematian yang

disebabkan oleh kesulitan semasa hamil atau semasa melahirkan anak atau

kematian dalam tempoh 42 hari selepas bersalin bagi setiap 1,000 kelahiran

hidup.

Data bagi tahun rujukan 1911 – 1939 diperoleh daripada Laporan Banci Negeri-

negeri Melayu Bersekutu, (Perak, Pahang, Selangor dan Negeri Sembilan)

sahaja. Bagi tahun rujukan 1946, data tidak diperoleh kecuali bagi data kadar

kematian neonatal, kematian bayi dan kematian ibu bersalin.

Data-data sebelum tahun 1964 adalah mengikut tempat kelahiran dan kematian,

manakala bagi tempoh selepas 1964 adalah berdasarkan tempat kediaman

biasa si ibu atau si mati.

3. Jangkaan Hayat

Jangkaan hayat menjadi pengukur ringkasan yang paling baik tentang paras

keseluruhan mortaliti penduduk. Ia tidak dipengaruhi oleh kesan taburan umur dan

tidak memerlukan piawai penduduk untuk membuat perbandingan yang sewajarnya

di antara tahap mortaliti penduduk yang berlainan. Data jangkaan hayat bagi tahun

rujukan 1966 – 1990 merujuk kepada Semenanjung Malaysia sahaja.

234

POPULATION STATISTICS

Explanatory Notes

1. Population Estimates

Population estimates for reference years 1891 – 1901 refer to Perak, Pahang,

Selangor and Negeri Sembilan only, based on the Federated Malay States Census.

Population estimates for the period 1911 – 1959, refer to Peninsular Malaysia only .

While information regarding population by age for the years 1911, 1921, 1931 and

1947 were not fully available.

Population estimates for the years 1960 – 1969 were based on the compilation of

Vital Statistics Peninsular Malaysia, Vital Statistics Sabah and Vital Statistics

Sarawak. Data for reference years 1970 – 1999 were compiled from the Revised

Intercensus Mid-Year Population Estimates. These involved Population Census for

the year 1970, 1980, 1991 and 2000.

For the period 2000 – 2007, the estimates were compiled based on the 2000

population census data which had earlier been adjusted for under-enumeration and

age misreporting. Subsequently, the data were projected to current years based on

assumptions of components of fertility, mortality and migration.

2. Main Demographic Rates

The main demographic rates on birth and death data compiled by the Department of

Statistics, Malaysia, are based on civil registration process provided by the National

Registration Department since 1963 for Peninsular Malaysia and 1966 for Sabah

and Sarawak. Prior to that, the information were collected from “Report of the

Registrar General of Births and Deaths” and Population Census Report for certain

years.

235

The Demographic rate is as follows :-

• Crude Rate of Natural Increase which refers to the excess of births over

deaths per 1,000 populations.

• Crude Births Rate refers to births which are alive during delivery per 1,000

populations.

• Crude Deaths Rate refers to death for all ages per 1,000 populations.

• Neonatal Mortality Rate refers to deaths of infants aged less than 28 days per

1,000 live births.

• Infant Mortality Rate refers to deaths of infants aged less than 1 year per 1,000

live births.

• Toddler Mortality Rate refers to deaths of toddlers aged 1 – 4 years per 1,000

population aged 1 – 4 years old.

• Maternal Mortality Rate refers to deaths which are caused by complications of

pregnancies, childbirth and the puerperium, within the period of 42 days after

childbirth per 1,000 live births.

Data for reference years 1911 – 1939 pertained to the Census Report of the

Federated Malay States (Perak, Pahang, Selangor and Negeri Sembilan) only. For

reference year 1946, the information was not available except data on neonatal

mortality, infant mortality and maternal mortality rate.

Data prior to the year 1964 was by place of occurrence whereas for the period after

1964, data was based on place of residence of the mother or the deceased.

3. Life Expectancy

Life expectancy is the most useful summary measure of the overall level of mortality

of a population. It is not influenced by the effects of age distribution and does not

require a standard population for acceptable comparisons of levels of mortality in

different populations. Life expectancy data for reference years 1966 – 1990

pertained to Peninsular Malaysia only.

236

JADUAL 19.1 : ANGGARAN PENDUDUK MENGIKUT KUMPULAN UMUR, 1891 - 2007, MALAYSIA

Table 19.1 : Population Estimates by Age Group, 1891 - 2007, Malaysia

('000)

Kumpulan Umur

Age Group

Tahun 0 - 14 15 - 64 65 + Jumlah

Year Total

1891 . . . . . . 746

1901 . . . . . . 1,022

1911 228 737 45 2,342***

1921 845 1,867 162 2,910***

1931 1,208 2,371 181 3,788*

1932 . . . . . . 1,623

1935 . . . . . . 1,777

1937 . . . . . . 1,961

1938 . . . . . . 2,090

1939 . . . . . . 2,125

1940 . . . . . . 2,169

1941 . . . . . . 2,212

1947 1,946** 2,796** 134** 4,875**

1948 . . . . . . 4,987

1949 . . . . . . 5,082

1950 . . . . . . 5,227

1951 . . . . . . 5,337

1952 . . . . . . 5,506

1953 . . . . . . 5,706

1954 . . . . . . 5,889

1955 . . . . . . 6,058

1956 . . . . . . 6,252

1957 2,752 3,352 173** 6,277**

1958 . . . . . . 6,505

1959 . . . . . . 6,703

1960 . . . . . . 8,118

1961 . . . . . . 8,379

1962 . . . . . . 8,652

1963 . . . . . . 8,920

237

JADUAL 19.1 : ANGGARAN PENDUDUK MENGIKUT KUMPULAN UMUR, 1891 - 2007, MALAYSIA (samb.)

Table 19.1 : Population Estimates by Age Group, 1891 - 2007, Malaysia (cont'd.)

('000)

Kumpulan Umur

Age Group

Tahun 0 - 14 15 - 64 65 + Jumlah

Year Total

1964 . . . . . . 9,168

1965 . . . . . . 9,437

1966 . . . . . . 9,733

1967 . . . . . . 10,007

1968 . . . . . . 10,253

1969 . . . . . . 10,500

1970 4,685** 5,434** 321** 10,439**

1971 4,907 5,876 376 11,160

1972 4,975 6,077 389 11,441

1973 5,038 6,276 406 11,720

1974 5,100 6,477 424 12,001

1975 5,171 6,687 443 12,300

1976 5,229 6,903 456 12,588

1977 5,302 7,136 463 12,901

1978 5,365 7,361 474 13,200

1979 5,436 7,596 486 13,518

1980 5,196** 7,465** 475** 13,136**

1981 5,622 8,126 509 14,257

1982 5,724 8,400 527 14,651

1983 5,819 8,686 543 15,048

1984 5,934 8,957 559 15,450

1985 6,081 9,227 574 15,882

1986 6,223 9,515 591 16,329

1987 6,370 9,795 609 16,774

1988 6,512 10,081 626 17,219

1989 6,650 10,370 642 17,662

1990 6,775 10,669 658 18,102

1991 6,709** 10,991** 680** 18,380**

238

JADUAL 19.1 : ANGGARAN PENDUDUK MENGIKUT KUMPULAN UMUR, 1891 - 2007, MALAYSIA (samb.)

Table 19.1 : Population Estimates by Age Group, 1891 - 2007, Malaysia (cont'd.)

('000)

Kumpulan Umur

Age Group

Tahun 0 - 14 15 - 64 65 + Jumlah

Year Total

1992 7,039 ** 11,322 ** 707 ** 19,607

1993 7,192 ** 11,681 ** 729 ** 19,602

1994 7,329 ** 12,058 ** 754 ** 20,142

1995 7,453 ** 12,448 ** 781 ** 20,682

1996 7,566 ** 12,850 ** 806 ** 21,223

1997 7,669 ** 13,267 ** 834 ** 21,769

1998 7,782 ** 13,689 ** 863 ** 22,334

1999 7,886 ** 14,129 ** 895 ** 22,909

2000 7,751 14,623 901 23,275

2001 8,112 ** 14,940 960 24,013

2002 8,214 15,318 994 24,527

2003 8,314 15,702 1,032 25,048

2004 8,416 16,091 1,074 25,581

2005 8,525 16,483 1,119 26,128

2006 8,632 16,859 1,150 26,640

2007P .. .. .. 27,174

239

JADUAL 19.2 : KADAR UTAMA DEMOGRAFI, 1911 - 2007, MALAYSIA Table 19.2 : Main Demographic Rates, 1911 - 2007, Malaysia

Tahun Kadar Kadar Kadar Kadar Kadar Kadar Kadar

Year Pertambahan Kelahiran Kematian Kematian Kematian Kematian Kematian

Semula Jadi Kasar Kasar Neonatal Bayi Kanak- Ibu

Kasar kanak Bersalin

Crude Rate Crude Crude Neonatal Infant Toddler Maternal of Natural Birth Rate Death Mortality Mortality Mortality Mortality

Increase Rate Rate Rate Rate Rate

1911 .. 19.4 39.1 .. .. .. ..

1912 .. 23.5 37.8 .. .. .. ..

1913 .. 23.1 34.0 .. .. .. ..

1914 .. 24.6 34.3 .. .. .. ..

1915 .. 25.3 28.9 .. .. .. ..

1916 .. 24.2 30.6 .. .. .. ..

1917 .. 27.9 34.2 .. .. .. ..

1918 .. 25.8 52.9 .. .. .. ..

1919 .. 24.6 29.4 .. .. .. ..

1920 .. 27.1 32.3 .. .. .. ..

1921 .. 27.2 28.5 .. .. .. ..

1922 .. 25.5 25.6 .. 171.0 .. ..

1923 .. 25.3 24.1 .. 180.0 .. ..

1924 .. 27.3 23.2 .. 181.0 .. ..

1925 .. 28.1 22.9 .. 177.0 .. ..

1926 .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

1927 .. 30.5 30.7 .. 203.0 .. ..

1928 .. 32.5 28.0 .. 182.0 .. ..

1929 .. 32.4 24.6 .. 178.0 .. ..

1930 .. 36.5 24.1 .. 163.0 .. ..

1931 .. 33.3 19.1 .. 139.0 .. ..

1932 15.5 34.0 18.5 .. 137.2 .. ..

1933 .. 35.5 20.2 .. 146.0 .. 10.8

1934 .. 35.4 21.4 .. 163.0 .. 9.7

1935 16.0 35.9 19.9 58.6 144.2 .. 9.6

1936 .. 38.7 19.2 .. 142.0 .. 10.1

1937 17.9 37.8 19.9 58.1 146.9 .. 9.0

1938 20.5 39.7 19.1 54.3 146.6 .. 8.5

1939 23.4 41.0 17.5 49.2 126.9 .. 8.3

1940 21.1 39.7 18.6 49.2 134.3 .. 7.7

1946 .. .. .. 31.9 91.7 .. 6.7

1947 23.6 43.0 19.4 40.2 102.2 .. 7.0

1948 24.2 40.4 16.3 36.4 89.6 .. 5.8

240

JADUAL 19.2 : KADAR UTAMA DEMOGRAFI, 1911 - 2007, MALAYSIA (samb.) Table 19.2 : Main Demographic Rates, 1911 - 2007, Malaysia (cont'd.)

Tahun Kadar Kadar Kadar Kadar Kadar Kadar Kadar Year Pertambahan Kelahiran Kematian Kematian Kematian Kematian Kematian





1949 29.6 43.8 14.2 33.4 80.6 .. 5.3

1950 26.2 42.0 15.8 34.4 101.6 .. 5.3

1951 28.3 43.6 15.3 31.5 97.3 .. 5.7

1952 30.8 44.4 13.6 32.1 90.0 .. 5.2

1953 31.3 43.7 12.4 31.1 83.4 .. 4.7

1954 31.6 43.8 12.2 30.2 83.1 .. 4.8

1955 31.6 43.0 11.5 29.5 78.4 11.1 4.2

1956 34.3 45.5 11.3 30.1 75.2 9.1 4.0

1957 33.7 46.2 12.4 29.6 75.5 10.6 2.8

1958 32.3 43.3 11.0 32.2 79.6 9.0 2.8

1959 32.4 42.1 9.7 28.6 66.0 8.0 2.1

1960 31.4 40.9 9.5 30.1 68.9 8.0 2.4

1961 32.6 41.8 9.2 28.6 59.7 8.0 2.0

1962 31.0 40.4 9.4 30.8 59.3 7.6 2.3

1963 29.7 38.1 8.5 26.5(c) 55.5 7.0(a)

2.1

1964 30.5 38.2 7.7 23.0(c) 47.2 5.8(a)

1.9

1965 28.5 36.1 7.5 25.0 48.5 5.8(a) 1.9

1966 29.4 36.7 7.3 23.6 46.6 5.1(a) 1.7

1967 27.7 34.9 7.2 22.6 44.0 5.4(a) 1.6

1968 28.0 35.2 7.2 21.6 40.7 5.4(a) 1.6

1969 26.3 33.3 7.0 21.8 41.4 4.9(a) 1.5

1970 25.7 32.4 6.7 21.4 39.4 4.2(a) 1.4

1971 26.3 32.8 6.6 20.8 37.2 4.0(a) 1.1

1972 25.9 32.2 6.3 21.0 36.1 3.4(a) 1.0

1973 24.8 31.1 6.3 21.4 36.8 3.7(a) 1.0

1974 25.3 31.3 6.0 20.5 33.8 3.1(a) 0.9

1975 24.8 30.7 6.0 19.3 32.2 3.1(a) 0.8

1976 25.3 30.9 5.7 16.9 28.8 2.6(a) 0.7

1977 24.5 30.3 5.8 16.7 29.3 2.9(a) 0.7

1978 24.3 29.7 5.4 15.5 26.1 2.3(a) 0.8

1979 25.0 30.4 5.4 14.9 25.1 2.4(a) 0.6

1980 25.4 30.6 5.3 14.2 23.8 2.1 0.6

1981 26.3 31.2 4.9 12.3 19.9 1.7 0.5

241

JADUAL 19.2 : KADAR UTAMA DEMOGRAFI, 1911 - 2007, MALAYSIA (samb.) Table 19.2 : Main Demographic Rates, 1911 - 2007, Malaysia (cont'd.)

Tahun Kadar Kadar Kadar Kadar Kadar Kadar Kadar Year Pertambahan Kelahiran Kematian Kematian Kematian Kematian Kematian





1982 26.0 31.0 5.0 12.1 19.5 1.7 0.5

1983 25.1 30.2 5.1 12.3 20.2 1.7 0.4

1984 25.9 31.0 5.0 11.4 17.5 1.5 0.4

1985 26.6 31.5 5.0 10.4 16.4 1.4 0.3

1986 25.8 30.6 4.7 9.9 15.5 1.2 0.3

1987 24.7 29.3 4.5 9.3 14.5 1.1 0.2

1988 25.0 29.7 4.6 9.1 14.1 1.1 0.2

1989 22.2 26.8 4.6 8.6 13.4 1.0 0.2

1990 23.3 27.9 4.6 8.5 13.1 0.9 0.2

1991 23.3 27.9 4.6 8.1 12.5 0.9 0.2

1992 23.6 28.2 4.6 7.9 12.1 0.9 0.2

1993 23.6 28.2 4.6 7.5 11.3 0.9 0.2

1994 22.8 27.3 4.6 7.1 10.9 0.9 0.2

1995 22.1 26.8 4.7 6.8 10.3 0.8 0.2

1996 21.8 26.5 4.7 6.0 9.0 0.7 0.2

1997 21.1 25.7 4.6 6.0 9.4 0.7 0.2

1998 19.9 24.4 4.6 5.2 8.5 0.7 0.3

1999 18.8 23.9 5.1 5.4 8.9 0.5 0.4

2000 18.9 23.4 4.5 3.7 6.5 0.6 0.3

2001 17.2 21.6 4.4 3.6 5.7 0.6 0.4

2002 15.5 19.9 4.4 3.8 6.5 0.5 0.3

2003 14.9 19.4 4.5 3.2 6.6 0.5 0.3

2004 14.6 19.1 4.5 3.7 6.5 0.4 0.3

2005 13.9 18.4 4.5 3.9 6.6 0.5 0.3

2006 13.6 18.0 4.5 3.3 6.1 0.3 0.3

2007P 13.0 17.4 4.5 .. 6.3 .. ..

242

JADUAL 19.3 : JANGKAAN HAYAT MENGIKUT KUMPULAN ETNIK DAN JANTINA, 1966 - 2006, MALAYSIA

Tahun Jumlah Bumiputera Cina India Lain-lain *

Year Total Chinese Indian Others

Lelaki Perempuan Lelaki Perempuan Lelaki Perempuan Lelaki Perempuan Lelaki Perempuan

Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female

1966 63.1 66.0 61.3 62.5 66.2 72.2 62.5 61.9 .. ..

1967 63.5 66.3 61.7 63.0 66.6 71.9 62.2 62.1 69.5 73.9

1968 63.3 66.1 61.7 62.9 66.2 71.7 61.4 60.2 .. ..

1969 63.8 66.7 62.4 63.8 66.6 72.0 61.6 61.2 .. ..

1970 61.6 65.6 60.8 62.7 64.0 71.3 59.0 61.3 61.4 67.6

1971 62.6 66.5 62.3 64.1 64.6 71.5 59.2 61.8 .. ..

1972 62.8 66.8 62.6 64.5 64.8 71.6 59.2 61.8 .. ..

1973 63.2 67.4 63.3 65.3 65.0 71.9 59.2 62.0 .. ..

1974 63.6 68.0 63.7 66.0 65.5 72.4 59.3 62.4 .. ..

1975 64.3 68.7 64.4 66.6 66.0 72.9 59.9 63.3 .. ..

1976 64.7 69.2 64.7 67.2 66.5 73.2 60.6 64.4 .. ..

1977 65.3 69.8 65.4 68.0 66.9 73.5 61.5 65.3 .. ..

1978 65.6 70.0 65.7 68.4 67.2 73.7 62.0 65.9 .. ..

1979 65.8 70.4 66.2 69.1 67.6 73.8 62.2 66.4 .. ..

1980 66.4 70.5 66.5 68.9 68.0 74.0 62.1 67.0 66.6 71.5

1981 66.9 71.2 67.0 69.8 68.6 74.5 62.4 67.4 68.0 72.3

1982 67.1 71.3 67.1 69.7 69.1 74.7 62.6 67.5 68.3 72.5

1983 67.1 71.6 67.2 70.1 69.0 74.9 62.4 67.7 68.2 72.7

1984 67.2 71.8 67.4 70.5 69.2 75.1 62.4 67.9 68.5 73.4

1985 67.7 72.4 67.9 71.2 69.5 75.5 63.0 68.8 68.9 74.6

1986 68.2 72.6 68.3 71.4 70.0 75.7 63.5 69.3 69.6 74.8

1987 68.5 72.9 68.6 71.7 70.3 75.9 64.2 69.4 70.3 75.6

1988 68.7 73.1 68.8 71.9 70.5 76.0 64.3 69.7 70.4 75.0

1989 68.8 73.3 68.8 72.2 70.5 76.2 64.3 69.8 70.0 74.2

1990 68.9 73.5 69.0 72.4 70.6 76.3 64.4 70.4 70.4 73.7

Table 19.3 : Life Expectancy by Ethnic Group and Sex, 1966 - 2006, Malaysia

243

JADUAL 19.3 : JANGKAAN HAYAT MENGIKUT KUMPULAN ETNIK DAN JANTINA, 1966 - 2006, MALAYSIA (samb.)

Table 19.3 : Life Expectancy by Ethnic Group and Sex, 1966 - 2006, Malaysia (cont'd.)

Tahun Jumlah Bumiputera Cina India Lain-lain *

Year Total Chinese Indian Others

Lelaki Perempuan Lelaki Perempuan Lelaki Perempuan Lelaki Perempuan Lelaki Perempuan

Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female

1991 69.2 73.4 69.4 72.3 70.7 76.4 64.2 71.3 67.6 69.5

1992 69.4 73.8 69.6 72.9 71.0 76.6 64.4 71.8 68.9 71.5

1993 69.6 74.0 69.6 73.1 71.4 76.7 64.7 72.0 68.1 71.4

1994 69.6 74.1 69.6 73.3 71.6 76.9 64.7 72.3 66.7 71.0

1995 69.5 74.3 69.5 73.4 71.9 77.1 64.9 72.5 65.2 70.3

1996 69.5 74.3 69.4 73.4 71.9 77.2 64.8 72.5 65.6 70.7

1997 69.7 74.5 69.5 73.5 72.2 77.3 65.2 73.0 66.6 71.5

1998 69.5 74.3 69.0 73.2 72.1 77.3 65.1 73.0 68.9 72.7

1999 69.7 74.4 68.9 73.1 72.2 77.4 65.3 73.4 71.1 74.3

2000 70.0 74.7 69.0 73.3 72.4 77.6 65.7 73.5 73.6 75.7

2001 70.6 75.1 69.5 73.7 72.8 77.9 66.4 73.7 76.3 78.3

2002 70.8 75.3 69.6 73.9 73.0 78.1 66.8 74.1 76.1 77.5

2003 70.9 75.6 69.7 74.2 73.1 78.3 66.8 74.5 76.2 77.5

2004 p 71.1 75.9 69.9 74.5 73.3 78.5 67.0 75.1 75.7 76.6

2005 p 71.5 76.2 70.4 74.8 73.6 78.8 67.4 75.4 76.6 77.5

2006 p 71.8 76.3 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..

Nota : * Termasuk bukan warganegara Malaysia

Note : * Including non-Malaysian citizens

244

final time series 010408- final - cloud object...

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