asuhan keperawatan pada penyakit bronkitis.doc

8/15/2019 ASUHAN KEPERAWATAN PADA PENYAKIT BRONKITIS.doc

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ASUHAN KEPERAWATAN PADA PENYAKIT BRONKITIS

ASUHAN KEPERAWATANPADA PENYAKIT BRONKITIS

Oleh :

SEKOLAH TINGGI ILMU KESEHATAN MUHAMMADIYAH GOMBONGPRODI DIII KEPERAWATAN2009

A. Penger !"n

Br#n$! !% $r#n!% &!&e'!n!%!$"n %e("g"! "&"n)" (" *$ +r#&*$ !' )"ng (erl"ng%*ng , (*l"n &"l"-%e "h*n %el"-" 2 "h*n (er *r* *r* . K#n&!%! !n! er* "-" (er$"! "n &eng"n +er#$#$ %!g"re" "* +e-"/"n erh"&"+ +#l* "n. P"%!en -eng"l"-! +en!ng$" "n $eren "n"n erh"&"+ er/"&!n)"!n'e$%! %"l*r"n +ern"'"%"n (" "h. 1B"*gh-"n D!"ne 3.2000:4,5.Br#n$! !% "&"l"h %*" * g"ngg*"n +"r* #(% r*$ !' )"ng &! "n&"! #leh +r#&*$%! -*6*% (erle(!h"n&!%"l*r"n n"'"% (" "h %el"-" +"l!ng $*r"ng , (*l"n (er *r* *r* &"l"- %e "h*n *n *$ 2 "h*n

(er *r* *r* . 13#r !n El!7"(e h. 8. 200 : ,;5.Br#n$h! !% "&"l"h h!+er%e$re%! -*$*% &"n (" *$ +r#&*$ !' $r#n!% (er*l"ng *l"ng -!n!-"l %el"-", (*l"n +er "h*n " "* +"l!ng %e&!$! &"l"- 2 "h*n (er *r* *r* +"&" +"%!en )"ng &!$e "h*!!&"$ er&"+" +en)e("( l"!n 1Per" " "n Me&!$"l Be&"h 2 99< h"l : 905.Se6"r" h"r'!"h (r#n$! !% "&"l"h %*" * +en)"$! )"ng &! "n&"! #leh !n'l"-"%! (r#n$*%. Se6"r"$l!n!% +"&" "hl! -eng"r !$"n (r#n$! !% %e("g"! %*" * +en)"$! " "* g"ngg*"n re%+!r" #r!$ &eng"n

(" *$ -er*+"$"n ge/"l" )"ng * "-" &"n -!n"n. In! (er"r ! ("h " (r#n$! !% (*$"n +en)"$!)"ng (er&!r! %en&!r! -el"!n$"n ("g!"n &"r! +en)"$! l"!n e "+! (r#n$! !% !$* -e-eg"ng +er"n.


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B. Kl"%!'!$"%!

". Br#n$! !% A$*Br#n$! !% "$* +"&" (")! &"n "n"$ (!"%"n)" /*g" (er%"-" &eng"n r"$e! !% -er*+"$"n +en)"$!

%"l*r"n n"+"% "$* 1ISNA5 )"ng %er!ng &!/*-+"!. (. Br#n$! !% Kr#n!$ &"n " "* B" *$ Ber*l"ngBr#n$! !% Kr#n!$ &"n " "* (er*l"ng "&"l"h $e&""n $l!n!% )"ng &!%e("($"n #leh (er("g"! %e("(&eng"n ge/"l" (" *$ )"ng (erl"ng%*ng %e$*r"ng $*r"ngn)" %el"-" 2 -!ngg* (er *r* *r* &"n" "* (er*l"ng +"l!ng %e&!$! , $"l! &"l"- , (*l"n &eng"n " "* "n+" &!%er "! ge/"l" re%+!r" #r!$&"n n#n re%+!r" #r!$ l"!nn)" 1KONIKA 9< 5.Deng"n -e-"$"! (" "%"n !n! -"$" %e6"r" /el"% erl!h" ("h " Br#n$! !% Kr#n!$ er-"%*$ &"l"-$el#-+#$ BKB er%e(* . D"l"- $e"&""n $*r"ngn)" &" " +en)el!&!$"n -engen"! Br#n$! !%Kr#n!$ +"&" "n"$ -"$" *n *$ -eneg"$$"n &!"gn#%" Br#n$! !% Kr#n!$ ("r* &"+" &! eg"$$"n%e el"h -en)!ng$!r$"n %e-*" +en)e("( l"!nn)" &"r! BKB.

3. E !#l#g!A&"l"h , '"$ #r * "-" )"ng -e-+eng"r*h! !-(*ln)" (r#n6h! !% )"! * r#$#$ !n'e$%! &"r! +#l*%!.Sel"!n ! * er&"+" +*l" h*(*ng"n &eng"n '"$ #r $e *r*n"n &"n % " *% %#%!"l.". R#$#$ Men*r* (*$* Re+#r #' he WHO E=+er 3#-! e #n S-#$!ng 3#n r#l r#$#$ "&"l"h +en)e("(* "-" !-(*ln)" (r#n6h! !%. Ter&"+" h*(*ng"n )"ng er" "n "r" -er#$#$ &"n +en*r*n"n >EP1?#l*-e e$%+!r"%! +"$%"5 &e !$. Se6"r" +" #l#g!% r#$#$ (erh*(*ng"n &eng"n h!+er+l"%!"$elen/"r -*$*% (r#n$*% &"n -e "+l"%!" %$*"-*% e+! el %"l*r"n +ern"'"%"n /*g" &"+"-en)e("($"n (r#n$#% r!$%! "$* .

(. In'e$%!E$%"%er("%! (r#n6h! !% &!%"ng$" +"l!ng %er!ng &!" "l! &eng"n !n'e$%! ?!r*% )"ng $e-*&!"n-en)e("($"n !n'e$%! %e$*n&er ("$ er!. B"$ er! )"ng &!!%#l"%! +"l!ng ("n)"$ "&"l"h He-#+h!l*%!n'l*en7" &"n % re+ #6#66*% +ne*-#n!e.6. P#l*%!P#l*%! !&"$ (eg! * (e%"r +eng"r*hn)" %e("g"! '"$ #r +en)e("( e "+! (!l" &! "-("h -er#$#$re%!$# "$"n le(!h !ngg!. @" 7" $!-!" &"+" /*g" -en)e("($"n (r#n6h! !% "&"l"h 7" 7"

+ere&*$%! %e+er ! O2 7" 7" +eng#$%!&" %e+er ! N2O h!&r#$"r(#n "l&eh!& #7#n.

&. Ke *r*n"nBel*- &!$e "h*! %e6"r" /el"% "+"$"h '"$ #r $e *r*n"n (er+er"n " "* !&"$ $e6*"l! +"&" +en&er! "&e'!%!en%! "l'" "n ! r!+%!n )"ng -er*+"$"n %*" * +r#(le- &!-"n" $el"!n"n !n! &! *r*n$"n%e6"r" "* #%#- re%e%!'. Ker/" en7!- !n! -ene r"l!%!r en7!- +r# e#l! !$ )"ng %er!ng &!$el*"r$"n

+"&" +er"&"ng"n &"n -er*%"$ /"r!ng"n er-"%*$ /"r!ng"n +"r*.e. "$ #r %#%!"l e$#n#-!Ke-" !"n +"&" (r#n6h! !% ern)" " le(!h ("n)"$ +"&" g#l#ng"n %#%!"l e$#n#-! ren&"h -*ng$!n&!%e("($"n '"$ #r l!ng$*ng"n &"n e$#n#-! )"ng le(!h /ele$.Se&"ng$"n e !#l#g! +"&" Br#n$! !% Kr#n!$ -en*r* CCh"rn" " !"/. #r&+re%%. 3#- C200


3/8

25 In'e$%! $r#n!$ %"l*r"n n"+"% ("g!"n " "% 1-!%"ln)" %!n#(r#n$! !%5.,5 In'e$%! -!%"ln)" (er "-("hn)" $#n "$ &eng"n ?!r*% !n'e$%! -)6#+l"%-" hl"-)&!" +er *%!%*(er$*l#%!% '*ng!C/"-*r.5 Pen)"$! +"r* )"ng el"h "&" -!%"ln)" (r#n$!e "$%!%.;5 S!n&r#- "%+!r"%!.

45 Pene$"n"n +"&" %"l*r"n n"+"%5 Ben&" "%!ng


4/8

er%e(* r*%"$ &"n &!n&!ngn)" -ele("r. "$ #r e !#l#g! * "-" "&"l"h -er#$#$ &"n +#l*%! *&"r"l"!n )"ng (!"%" er&"+" +"&" &"er"h !n&*% r!. P#l*%! er%e(* &"+" -e-+erl"-(" "$ !'! "% %!l!"&"n +"g#%! #%!% %eh!ngg" !-(*n"n -*$*% -en!ng$" %e&"ng$"n -e$"n!%-e +er "h"n"nn)"%en&!r! -ele-"h.M*$*% )"ng (erle(!h"n er/"&! "$!(" &!%+l"%!". Sel %el +engh"%!l -*$*% &! (r#n$h*%. Sel"!n

! * %!l!" )"ng -el"+!%! (r#n$*% -eng"l"-! $el*-+*h"n " "* &!%'*ng%!#n"l %er " -e "+l"%!".Per*("h"n +er*("h"n +"&" %el %el +engh"%!l -*$*% &"n %el %el %!l!" !n! -engg"ngg* %!% e-e%$"l" #r -*$#%!l!"r!% &"n -en)e("($"n +en*-+*$"n -*$*% &"l"- /*-l"h (e%"r )"ng %*l!&!$el*"r$"n &"r! %"l*r"n n"'"%.M*6*% (er'*ng%! %e("g"! e-+" +er%e-"!"n -!$r# #g"n!%-e +en)e("( !n'e$%! &"n -en/"&!%"ng" +*r*len. T!-(*l +er"&"ng"n )"ng -en)e("($"n e&e-" &"n +e-(eng$"$"n /"r!ng"n.>!r*% : 1+en)e("( er%er!ng !n'e$%!5 M"%*$ %"l*r"n +ern"+"%"n Sel -*$#%" &"n %el %!l!" Berl"n/* M"%*$ %"l*r"n +ern"+"%"n1l"n/* "n5 Meng!n'e$%! %"l*r"n +ern"+"%"n Br#n$! !% M*$#%" -e-(eng$"$ &"n -engh"%!l$"n len&!r P!le$ , h"r! B" *$ 1-*l" -*l" $er!ng$e-*&!"n (er&"h"$5 R!"$ /ern!h P*r*len En6er H!l"ng B" *$ Kel*"r S*"r" r#n6h!

("%"h " "* %*"r" n"+"% $"%"r N)er! %*(%ern"l Se%"$ n"+"% 8!$" !&"$ h!l"ng %e el"h !g"

-!ngg* K#l"+% +"r* %eg-en "l " "* !n'e$%! +"r* %e$*n&er 1+er "h"n"n * "-"5 1S*-(er :&r.R*%e+n# H"%"n B*$* K*l!"h , Il-* Ke%eh" "n An"$ 9< 5

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G. A%*h"n Ke+er" " "n". Peng$"/!"n.D" " &"%"r +eng$"/!"n +"&" +"%!en &eng"n (r#n6h! !% $r#n!% :"5. A$ !?! "%C!% !r"h"Ge/"l" : Kele !h"n $elel"h"n -"l"!%e Ke !&"$-"-+*"n -el"$*$"n "$ !?! "% %eh"r! h"r!Ke !&"$-"-+*"n *n *$ !&*r D!%+n#e +"&" %"" !% !r"h" .T"n&" : Kele !h"n Gel!%"h !n%#-n!" Kele-"h"n *-*-C$eh!l"ng"n -"%%" # # .

(5. S!r$*l"%!


5/8

Ge/"l" : Pe-(eng$"$"n +"&" e$% re-! "% (" "h.T"n&" : Pen!ng$" "n e$"n"n &"r"h +en!ng$" "n 're$*en%! /"n *ngC "$!$"r&!" (er" D!% en%!?en" leher E&e-" &e+en&en B*n)! /"n *ng re&*+ W"rn" $*l! C-e-(r"n -*$#%"n#r-"lC6)"n#%!% P*6" &"+" -en*n/*$$"n "ne-!.65. In egr! "% Eg#

Ge/"l" : Pen!ng$" "n '"$ #r re%!$# Per*("h"n +#l" h!&*+T"n&" : An%!e "% $e "$* "n +e$" r"ng%"ng.&5. M"$"n"nC6"!r"nGe/"l" : M*"lC-*n "h n"'%* -"$"n (*r*$C"n#re$%!" $e !&"$-"-+*"n *n *$ -"$"n +en*r*n"n

(er" ("&"n +en!ng$" "n (er" ("&"n.T"n&" : T*rg#r $*l! (*r*$ e&e-" &e+en&en (er$er!ng" +en*r*n"n (er" ("&"n +"l+! "%!"(-en.e5. H)g!eneGe/"l" : Pen*r*n"n $e-"-+*"nC+en!ng$" "n $e(* *h"nT"n&" : Ke(er%!h"n (*r*$ ("* ("&"n.'5. Pern"'"%"n

Ge/"l" : B" *$ -ene "+ &eng"n +r#&*$%! %+* *- %e !"+ h"r! %el"-" -!n!-*n , (*l"n (er *r* *r* !"+ "h*n %e&!$! n)" 2 "h*n e+!%#&e (" *$ h!l"ng !-(*l.T"n&" : Pern"'"%"n (!"%" 6e+" +engg*n""n # # ("n * +ern"'"%"n (en *$ ("rel 6he% ger"$"n&!"'r"g-" -!n!-"l (*n)! n"'"% r#n6h! +er$*%! h)+erre%#n"n +"&" "re" +"r* "rn" +*6"&eng"n 6)"n#%!% (!(!r &"n &"%"r $*$* "(* "(* $e%el*r*h"n.g5. Ke"-"n"nGe/"l" : R! ")" re"$%! "lerg! erh"&"+ 7" C'"$ #r l!ng$*ng"n "&"n)" C (er*l"ngn)" !n'e$%!.h5. Se$%*"l! "%Ge/"l" : Pen*r*n"n l!(!!5. In er"$%! %#6!"lGe/"l" : H*(*ng"n $e erg"n *ng"n $eg"g"l"n &*$*ng"nC erh"&"+ +"%"ng"nC#r"ng &e$"

+en)"$! l"-"C$e !&"$-"-+*"n -e-("!$.T"n&" :Ke !&"$-"-+*"n *n *$ -e-+er "h"n$"n %*"r" $"ren" &!% re%% +ern"'"%"nKe er(" "%"n -#(!l! "% '!%!$ $el"l"!"n h*(*ng"n &eng"n "ngg# " $el*"rg" l"!n.

(. Pe-er!$%""n &!"gn#% !6". S!n"r = &"&" : D"+" -en)" "$"n h!+er!n'l"%! +"r* +"r* -en&" "rn)" &!"'r"g-"

+en!ng$" "n "re" *&"r" re r#% ern"l h"%!l n#r-"l %el"-" +er!#&e re-!%!. (. Te% '*ng%! +"r* : Un *$ -enen *$"n +en)e("( &!%+n#e -el!h" #(% r*$%! -e-+er$!r"$"n&er"/" &!%'*ng%!.6. TL3 : Men!ng$"&. >#l*-e re%!&* : Men!ng$" .e. E> C >3 : R"%!# ?#l*-e -en!ng$" .'. GDA : P"O2 &"n P"3O2 -en*r*n +H N#r-"l.g. Br#n6h#gr"- : Men*n/*$$"n &! l" "%! %!l!n&er (r#n6h*% %"" !n%+!r"%! +e-(e%"r"n &*$ *%-*$#%".h. S+* *- : K*l *r *n *$ -enen *$"n "&"n)" !n'e$%! -eng!&en !'!$"%! +" #gen.!. EKG : D!%r! -!" " r!"l +en!ngg!"n gel#-("ng P +"&" le"& II III A>.

/. An"l!%" g"% &"r"h -e-+erl!h" $"n +en*r*n"n #$%!gen "r er! &"n +en!ng$" "n $"r(#n &!#$%!&""r er!.$. P#l!%e e-!" 1+en!ng$" "n $#n%en r"%! %el &"r"h -er"h5 er/"&! "$!(" h!+#$%!" $r#n!$ )"ng


6/8

&!%er "! %!"n#%!% -en)e("($"n $*l! (er "rn" $e(!r*"n.6. Pe-er!$%""n '!%!$ P"&" % "&!*- !n! !&"$ &! e-*$"n $el"!n"n '!%!%. H"n)" $"&"ng $"&"ng er&eng"r r#n6h! +"&""$ * e$%+!r"%! &"l"-. B!l" %*&"h "&" $el*h"n %e%"$ "$"n er&eng"r r#n6h! +"&" "$ *e$%+!r"%! -"*+*n !n%+!r"%! &!%er "! (!%!ng -eng!. 8*g" &!&"+" $"n "n&" "n&" #?er!n'l"%! +"r*

%e+er ! ("rrel 6he% $!'#%!% +"&" +er$*%! er&eng"r h!+er%#n#r +er"n/"$"n h" ! -enge6!l (" "% +"r* h" ! le(!h $e (" "h +e$"$ /"n *ng (er$*r"ng %*"r" n"'"% &"n %*"r" /"n *ng le-"h $"&"ng $"&"ng &!%er "! $#n r"$%! # # # # +ern"'"%"n "-("h"n.

&. Pe-er!$%""n R"&!#l#g!%T*(*l"r %h" " "* r"*n l!ne% erl!h" (")"ng"n g"r!% )"ng +"r"lel $el*"r &"r! h!l*% -en*/*"+e$% +"r*. (")"ng"n er%e(* "&"l"h (")"ng"n (r#n6h*% )"ng -ene("l. 3#r"$ +"r* (er "-("he. D!"gn#%" $e+er" " "n. Ber%!h"n /"l"n n"'"% !&"$ e'e$ !' (.& +en!ng$" "n +r#&*$%! %e$re .2. Ker*%"$"n +er *$"r"n g"% (.& #(% r*$%! /"l"n n"'"% #leh %e$re%! %+"%-e (r#n6h*%.,. P#l" n"'"% !&"$ e'e$ !' (.& (r#n6#$#n r!$%! -*$*%.

. Per*("h"n n* r!%! $*r"ng &"r! $e(* *h"n (.& &!%+n#e "n#re$%!" -*"l -*n "h.;. Re%!$# !ngg! erh"&"+ !n'e$%! (.& -ene "+n)" %e$re +r#%e% +en)"$! $r#n!%.

. In er?en%!D!"gn#%" I : Ber%!h"n /"l"n n"'"% !&"$ e'e$ !' (erh*(*ng"n &eng"n +en!ng$" "n +r#&*$%! %e$re .T*/*"n : Me-+er "h"n$"n /"l"n n"'"% +" en.In er?en%! :". A*%$*l "%! (*n)! n"'"%.R"%!#n"l : Be(er"+" &er"/" %+"%-e (r#n$*% er/"&! &eng"n #(% r*$%! /"l"n n"'"% &"n &"+"&!-"n!'e% "%!$"n &eng"n "&"n)" (*n)! n"'"%.

(. K"/!C+"n "* 're$*en%! +ern"'"%"n.R"%!#n"l : T"6h!+n#e (!"%"n)" "&" +"&" (e(er"+" &er"/" &"n &"+" &! e-*$"n %el"-" C "&"n)"

+r#%e% !n'e$%! "$* .6. D#r#ngC("n * l" !h"n n"'"% "(-en " "* (!(!r R"%!#n"l : Me-(er!$"n 6"r" *n *$ -eng" "%! &"n -eng#n r#l &!%+#e &"n -en*r*n$"n /e("$"n*&"r".&. O(%er?"%! $"r"$ er!% !$ (" *$ R"%!#n"l : B" *$ &"+" -ene "+ e "+! !&"$ e'e$ !' $h*%*%n)" +"&" l"n%!" +en)"$! "$* " "*$ele-"h"ne. T!ng$" $"n -"%*$"n 6"!r"n %"-+"! ,000 -lCh"r!R"%!#n"l : H!&r"%! -e-("n * -en*r*n$"n $e$en "l"n %e$re -e-+er-*&"h +engel*"r"n.D!"gn#%" 2 : Ker*%"$"n +er *$"r"n g"% (erh*(*ng"n &eng"n #(% r*$%! /"l"n n"'"% #leh %e$re%!%+"%-e (r#n6h*%.T*/*"n:Men*n/*$$"n +er("!$"n ?en !l"%! &"n #$%!gen"%! /"r!ng"n )"ng "&e$*" &eng"n GDA&"l"- ren "ng n#r-"l &"n (e("% ge/"l" &!% re%% +ern"'"%"n.In er?en%! :". K"/! 're$*en%! $e&"l"-"n +ern"'"%"n.R"%!#n"l : Berg*n" &"l"- e?"l*"%! &er"/" &!% re%% +ern"'"%"n &"n $r#n!%n)" +r#%e% +en)"$! .

(. T!ngg!$"n $e+"l" e-+" !&*r r#ng n"'"% &"l"-.


7/8

R"%!#n"l : Peng!r!-"n #$%!gen &"+" &!+er("!$! &eng"n +#%!%! &*&*$ !ngg! &"n l" !h"n n"'"%*n *$ -en*r*n$"n $#l"+% /"l"n n"'"% &!%+ene" &"n $er/" n"'"%.6. A*%$*l "%! (*n)! n"'"%.R"%!#n"l : B*n)! n"'"% -"$!n re&*+ $"ren" +en*r*n"n "l!r"n *&"r" " "* "re" $#n%#l!&"%!.6. A "%! "n&" ?! "l &"n !r"-" /"n *ng

R"%!#n"l : T"$!$"r&!" &!%r! -!" &"n +er*("h"n e$"n"n &"r"h &"+" -en*n/*$$"n e'e$h!+#$%e-!" %!% e-!$ +"&" '*ng%! /"n *ng.&. A "%! GDAR"%!#n"l : P"3O2 (!"%"n)" -en!ng$" &"n P"O2 -en*r*n %eh!ngg" h!+#$%!" er/"&! &er"/"le(!h (e%"rC$e6!l.e. Ber!$"n O2 "-("h"n %e%*"! &eng"n !n&!$"%! h"%!l GDAR"%!#n"l : D"+" -e-+er("!$!C-en6eg"h (*r*$n)" h!+#$%!".D!"gn#%" , : P#l" n"'"% !&"$ e'e$ !' (.& (r#n6#$#n r!$%! -*$*%.T*/*"n : +er("!$"n &"l"- +#l" n"'"%.In er?en%! :". A/"r$"n +"%!en +ern"'"%"n &!"'r"g-" !$ &"n +ern"'"%"n (!(!r

R"%!#n"l : Me-("n * +"%!en -e-+er+"n/"ng "$ * e$%+!r"%!. Deng"n e$n!$ !n! +"%!en "$"n (ern"'"% le(!h e'!%!en &"n e'e$ !'. (. Ber!$"n r#ng"n *n *$ -en)el!ng! "$ !?! "% &"n +er!#&e !% !r"h"R"%!#n"l : -e-*ng$!n$"n +"%!en *n *$ -el"$*$"n "$ !?! "% "n+" &!% re% (erle(!h"n.6. Ber!$"n r#ng"n +engg*n""n +el" !h"n # # # # +ern"'"%"n /!$" &!h"r*%$"nR"%!#n"l : -eng*" $"n &"n -eng$#n&!%!$"n # # # # +ern"'"%"n.D!"gn#%" : Per*("h"n n* r!%! $*r"ng &"r! $e(* *h"n (.& &!%+n#e "n#re$%!" -*"l -*n "h.T*/*"n : Men*n/*$$"n +en!ng$" "n (er" ("&"n.In er?en%! :". K"/! $e(!"%""n &!e .R"%!#n"l : P"%!en &!% re%% +ern"'"%"n "$* "n#re$%!" $"ren" &!%+ne" +r#&*$%! %+* *-.

(. A*%$*l "%! (*n)! *%*%R"%!#n"l : Pen*r*n"n (!%!ng *%*% -en*n/*$$"n +en*r*n"n -# !l! "% g"% er.6. Ber!$"n +er" " "n #r"lR"%!#n"l : R"%" !&"$ en"$ ("* "&"l"h +en6eg"h"n * "-" )"ng &"+" -e-(*" -*"l &"n-*n "h.&. T!-("ng (er" ("&"n %e%*"! !n&!$"%!.R"%!#n"l : Berg*n" -enen *$"n $e(* *h"n $"l#r! &"n e?"l*"%! $e"&e$*" "n ren6"n" n* r!%!.e. K#n%*l "hl! g!7!R"%!#n"l : Ke(* *h"n $"l#r! )"ng &!&"%"r$"n +"&" $e(* *h"n !n&!?!&* -e-(er!$"n n* r!%!-"$%!-"l.D!"gn#%" ; : Re%!$# !ngg! erh"&"+ !n'e$%! (erh*(*ng"n &eng"n -ene "+n)" %e$re +r#%e%

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8/8

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