tov jpnt 2008

8/3/2019 TOV JPNT 2008

1/18

NAMA : .............. TINGKATAN : ..

SULIT

4551/2

Biologi

KERTAS 2

Januari 2008

2 jam

JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANU

UJIAN PENGESANAN TOV 2008SIJIL PELAJARAN MALAYSIA

BIOLOGI

Kertas 2

Dua jam tiga puluh minit

JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU

1. Kertas soalan ini mengandungi tiga bahagian :

Bahagian ABahagian B dan Bahagian C.

2. Jawab semua soalan dalam Bahagian A.Jawapankepada Bahagian A hendaklah ditulis dalam ruang

jawapanyang disediakan

3. Jawab dua soalan dari Bahagian B dan jawapan kepada

Bahagian B hendaklah ditulis dalam ruang bergaris yangdisediakan dibahagian akhir kertas soalan. Anda diminta

menjawab dengan lebih terperinci untukBahagian B,

Jawapan mestilah jelas dan l ogik. Dalam jawapananda,persamaan,gambar rajah, jadual , graf dan cara

lain yang sesuai untuk menjelaskan jawapan anda bolehdigunakan.

4. Rajah yang mengiringi soalan tidak dilukis mengikut

skala kecuali dinyatakan.

5. Markah yang diperuntukkan bagi setiap soalan atauceraian soalan ditunjukkan dalam kurungan.

6. Sekiranya anda hendak membatalkan sesuatu jawapan,

buat garisan di atas jawapan itu.

7. Anda dibenarkan menggunakan kalkulator saintifik yangtidak boleh diprogram. Walau bagaimanapun, langkah mengira perlu ditunjukkan

8. Masa yang dicadangkan untuk menjawab Bahagian A ialah 90 minit, Bahagian B 60 minit.

9. Semua kertas jawapan hendaklah diserahkan di akhir peperiksaan.

Kod Pemeriksa

Bahagian Soalan Markah

Penuh

Markah

A

1 13

2 12

3 12

4 12

5 11

B

6 20

7 20

8 20

9 20

Jumlah

8/3/2019 TOV JPNT 2008

2/18

SULIT 4551/2

Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 17 halaman bercetak.

4551/2 [Lihat sebelah

SULIT

2

8/3/2019 TOV JPNT 2008

3/18

SULIT 4551/2

SECTION A

[60 marks]

Answer all the questions

Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini

1. X cell in diagram 1 shows the typical structure of a plant cell.

Sel X dalam Rajah 1 menunjukkan struktur tipikal satu sel tumbuhan.

Diagram 1

Rajah 1

(a)(i) Name the parts labelled P, Q, R and S

Namakan bahagian yang berlabel P,Q,R dan S

P: ...................................................................

R: ...................................................................

Q: ..................................................................

S: ...................................................................

[2 marks]

(ii) State the function of P and Q.

Nyatakan fungsi P dan Q

P:.......................................................................................................................................

Q:......................................................................................................................................

[2 marks]


SULIT

3

8/3/2019 TOV JPNT 2008

4/18

SULIT 4551/2

(b)(i) Name the organ in plant where R is found more abundance.

Namakan organ di mana R paling banyak didapati.

..........................................................................................................................................

[1 mark]

(ii) Draw the cross section of the organ structure named in b(i) ?

Lukiskan keratan rentas organ yang anda namakan di (b)(i)?[2 marks]

(c)(i) What is the meaning of tissue and organ ?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan tisu dan organ ?

Tissue/Tisu : ....................................................................................................................

Organ/Organ :...................................................................................................................

[2 marks]

(ii) Why unicelullar organisms do not have tissue and organ ?

Mengapa tisu dan organ tidak terdapat pada organisma unisel ?

..........................................................................................................................................

[1 mark]

(iii) Explain why multicellular organisms require cell organization.

Terangkan mengapa organisma multisel perlu kepada organisasi sel.

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

..

[3 marks]


SULIT

4

8/3/2019 TOV JPNT 2008

5/18

SULIT 4551/2

2 Four sets of potatoes stripes are prepared. Each set contains 10 potato stripes. Each set

is weighed and then soaked in Sodium chloride solution which has different

concentration. After 15 minutes, the potato stripes are taken out and dried with tissue

papers before weigh. The results are shown in the graph below.

Empat set silinder ubi kentang disediakan. Setiap set mengandungi 10 silinder ubikentang. Setiap set ditimbang dan kemudian direndam ke dalam larutan natrium

klorida yang mempunyai kepekatan yang berlainan. Selepas 15 minit silinder ubikentang dikeluarkan dan dikeringkan dengan kertas tisu sebelum ditimbang.

Keputusan ditunjukkan dalam graf di bawah.

Diagram 2

Rajah 2

(a) Why are the potato stripes dried on the tissue paper before being weigh?

Mengapakah silinder ubi kentang dikeringkan di atas kertas tisu sebelum ditimbang

semula?

.........................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................

[1 mark](b) Why must we weigh 10 potato stripes for each set?

Kenapa kita perlu menimbang10 silinder ubi kentang bagi setiap set?

....................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................[1 mark]


SULIT

5

Z

Y

8/3/2019 TOV JPNT 2008

6/18

SULIT 4551/2

(c) What happened to the potato stripes mass?

Apakah yang berlaku pada jisim silinder kentang?(i) Zone Y/Zon Y :

.............................................................................................................................

(ii) Zone Z/Zon Z :

..............................................................................................................................

[2 marks]

(d) Explain the process that takes place in (c) i and ( c) ii

Terangkan proses yang berlaku di (c)i dan (c)ii.

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................

.............

.........................................................................................................................................

[2 marks]

(e) (i) Determine the sodium chloride concentration that do not change the mass of

the potato stripes?

Tentukan kepekatan Natrium Klorida yang tidak akan menyebabkan perubahan padajisim jalur silinder kentang?

.............................................................................................................................

.............

[1 mark]

(ii)Give reasons for your answer in (e) i

Berikan alasan bagi jawapan anda di (e)i.

............................................................................... ...................................................

...................................................................................................................................[2 marks]

(f)(i) Paramecium that lives in fresh water can have excess water problem. Explain.

Paramesium yang hidup dalam kolam air tawar boleh mengalami masalah

kelebihan air dalam sel. Terangkan.

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

[1 mark]


SULIT

6

8/3/2019 TOV JPNT 2008

7/18

SULIT 4551/2

(ii) Describe the mechanism used by paramecium to overcome the problems as stated in

(f)i

Jelaskan mekanisme yang digunakan oleh Paremecium untuk mengatasi masalah

yang dinyatakan di (f)i.

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

[1

marks]

3. Diagram 3 shows the `lock and key hypothesis in enzyme action.

Rajah 3 menunjukkan hipotesis `mangga dan kunci di dalam tindakbalas enzim.

Diagram 3

Rajah 3

(a) Label P,Q and R in Diagram 3

Label P,Q dan R di dalam Rajah 3 [2 marks]

(b) Based on the Diagram 3,

Berdasarkan Rajah 3,(i) state two characteristics of the enzyme explained by this hypothesis.

nyatakan dua ciri enzim yang dijelaskan oleh hipotesis ini.

1................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................

2................................................................................................................................


SULIT

7

P:

R:

Q:

8/3/2019 TOV JPNT 2008

8/18

SULIT 4551/2

..................................................................................................................................

[2 marks]

(ii) describe the enzyme action.

huraikan tindakbalas enzim.

....................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................

[3 marks]

(c)

Explain how enzymes act in

Terangkan bagaimana enzim bertindakbalas dalam :

(i) helping to cook meat

memudahkan kerja memasak daging

................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................

[2 marks]

(ii) extracting agar from seaweeds

mengekstrak agar-agar daripada rumpai laut

...................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................[3 marks]


SULIT

8

Enzymes are widely used in our daily life and industries

Enzim banyak digunakan dalam kehidupan seharian dan dalam industri

8/3/2019 TOV JPNT 2008

9/18

SULIT 4551/2

4. Diagram 4.1 shows three stages of meiosis, A, B and C in an animal cell.

Rajah 4.1 menunjukkan tiga peringkat meiosis, A, B dan C dalam sel haiwan

Diagram 4.1

Rajah 4.1

(a) Name the stages A, B and C in the spaces provided in Diagram 4.1.

Namakan peringkatA, B dan C dalam ruang yang disediakan dalam Rajah 4.1.[3 marks]

(b) Explain what happens at stage C.Terangkan apa yang berlaku pada peringkatC.

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

[3 marks]

(c) (i) Stages A undergoes the first nuclear division and produces two cells.

Complete the diagram to show the chromosomes in one of the cells produced.

PeringkatA mengalami pembahagian nukleus pertama dan menghasilkan dua sel.

Lengkapkan rajah untuk menunjukkan kromosom dalam satu daripada dua sel yangterhasil.


SULIT

9

8/3/2019 TOV JPNT 2008

10/18

SULIT 4551/2

[1 mark](ii) Name one organ where stage A occurs.

Namakan satu organ di mana peringkatA berlaku.

....................................................................................................................................

[1 mark]

(iii) The number of chromosome in a somatic cell of a fly is 12.

State the number of chromosomes in a daughter cell produced at the end of the type ofcell division shown by stage A.

Bilangan kromosom dalam satu sel soma lalat ialah 12.

Nyatakan bilangan kromosom yang terdapat dalam sel anak yang dihasilkan di akhirjenis pembahagian sel seperti yang ditunjukkan oleh peringkatA.

....................................................................................................................................

[1 mark]

(d) Cancer is a genetic disease causes by uncontrolled mitosis.

Kanser adalah satu penyakit genetik yang disebabkan oleh mitosis yang tidak terkawal.

(i ) What is the cancer cell?Apakah sel kanser?

.

.

[1 mark]

(ii) Radiotherapy is a method to treat cancer by using radiation. Explain how this

treatment stops the growth of cancer cells.

Radioterapi adalah satu kaedah rawatan penyakit kanser yang menggunakan sinaranradioaktif. Terangkan bagaimana rawatan ini menyekat pertumbuhan sel kanser.

[2 marks]


SULIT

10

8/3/2019 TOV JPNT 2008

11/18

SULIT 4551/2

Diagram 5

Rajah 5

5. Diagram 5 shows the regulatory mechanism of oxygen in the body during a vigorous

exercise.

Rajah 5 menunjukkan mekanisma pengawalaturan oksigen dalam badan semasa

melakukan aktiviti cergas.

a) What is labeled by X?

Apakah yang dilabel sebagai X?

.

[1 mark]

b) Name the peripheral chemoreceptor that will be stimulated when the oxygen level is

low.

Namakan kemoreseptor periferi yang akan dirangsang apabila tahap oksigen rendah

.


SULIT

Peripheral chemoreceptor

stimulated

Kemoreseptor periferi

dirangsang

XDiaphragm and the

intercostals muscles

Diafragma dan otot

interkostal

Heart

Jantung

Breathing rate

increase

Kadar pernafasan

meningkat

Heart beat rate increase

Kadar degupan jantungmeningkat

Normal

concentration

of Oxygen

Kepekatanoksigen

normal

Decreased concentration

of Oxygen

Penurunan kepekatan

oksigen

Vigorous

exercise

Aktiviti

cergas

11

8/3/2019 TOV JPNT 2008

12/18

8/3/2019 TOV JPNT 2008

13/18

SULIT 4551/2

SECTION B

[20 marks]

Answerany two question.

Jawab mana-mana dua soalan

6. (a) Diagram 1 shows a schematic diagram to represent the two main stages in

photosynthesis that occur at different sites in the chloroplast.

Rajah 1 menunjukkan gambarajah skema bagi mewakili dua peringkat utamadalam fotosintesis yang berlaku di tapak yang berlainan di dalam kloroplas.

Reaction A Reaction B

24H2O 24H+ + 24OH-

24H+ + 24e- 24H

24OH- 24OH + 24e-

24OH 12H2O + 6O2

6CO2 + 24H 6(CH2O) + 6H2O

6(CH2O) C6H12O6

Diagram 6

Rajah 6

(i) State the two reactions of photosynthesis and the sites involved

Nyatakan dua tindakbalas dalam fotosintesis dan tapak yang terlibat.

[2 marks]

(ii) Compare and contrast the two reactions above

Banding dan beza dua tindakbalas di atas.[7 marks ]

(b) (i) Write an equation to represent the process of photosynthesis


SULIT

13

ATPADP

Storeddisimpan

Starch

Kanji

Sunlight

EnergyTenaga cahaya

matahari

Chemical energy

( ATP)Tenaga kimia

ElectronElektron

ChlorophyllKlorofil

8/3/2019 TOV JPNT 2008

14/18

SULIT 4551/2

Tulis satu persamaan mewakili proses fotosintesis.

[1 mark]

(ii) Explain how the products of photosynthesis are formed by relating both reactions

Terangkan bagaimana hasil fotosintesis dihasilkan dengan mengaitkan kedua-dua

tindakbalas tersebut.[10 markah]

Diagram 7.1

Rajah 7.1

7. Diagram 7.1 shows the food consumed by a student.

Rajah 7.1 menunjukkan makanan yang diambil oleh seorang pelajar.

(a)(i) Is the food a balanced diet menu and give reasons?

Adakah makanan ini suatu menu makanan seimbang dan berikan alasan ?[2 marks]

(ii) If the student continuously take this kind of food for a long time, explain the

consequences?

Sekiranya pelajar mengambil jenis makanan ini secara berterusan untuk suatu jangka masa , yang panjang, terangkan akibatnya?

[8 marks]

(b) Diagram below shows the transport of nutrients and assimilation by the liver and

body cells.

Rajah dibawah menunjukkan suatu pengangkutan nutrients dan assimilasi oleh hati

dan sel-sel badan.


SULIT

14

BURGER

ICE CREAM / ais krim

POTATO CHIPS / kepingan kentang

CAKES / kek

Liver

8/3/2019 TOV JPNT 2008

15/18

SULIT 4551/2

Diagram 7.2

Rajah 7.2Based on the Diagram 7.2, explain the assimilation process of the following food

substances:

Berdasarkan Rajah 7.2, terangkan process assimilasi bahan makanan berikut:

(i) Lipids (Lipid)

(ii) Protein (Protein)

(iii) Carbohydrates (Karbohidrat)[10 marks]


SULIT

15

Nitrogen in the

atmosphere

Waste and urine

Leaf decomposition

Root nodules of legumes

Ammonium compound

nitrite

nitrate

8/3/2019 TOV JPNT 2008

16/18

SULIT 4551/2

Diagram 8

Rajah 8

8. (a) Based on Diagram 8, discuss the role of microorganisms in the Nitrogen Cycle.

Berdasarkan Rajah 8 , bincangkan peranan mikroorganisma di dalam Kitar

Nitrogen[10 marks]

(b) Explain how the microorganisms give benefits to the human and the animals in

the aspect of :

Terangkan bagaimana mikroorganisma dapat memberi faedah kepada manusia

dan haiwan dari segi :

(i) Digestion in herbivores and human

Pencernaan di dalam herbivore dan manusia

(ii) Producing insulin

Penghasilan insulin[10 marks]

When sunlight enters the Earths atmosphere, some of its solar radiation is reflected

back into space. As the Earth is warmed, heat in the form of infrared radiation is

radiated back into space. However, much of his heat does not escape from the

atmosphere, but remains trapped by greenhouse gases. At the same time, greenhouse

gases also radiate heat in the form of infrared radiation back to the Earth.

Semasa cahaya memasuki atmosfera bumi, sebahagian radiasi solar dipantul

semula ke angkasa lepas. Apabila bumi dipanaskan, haba dalam bentuk sinaran

infra merah di radiasi semula ke angkasa. Walau bagaimanapun, banyak habanyatidak dibebaskan dari atmosfera, diperangkap oleh gas-gas rumah hijau. Pada

masa yang sama, gas rumah hijau juga membebaskan haba dalam sinaran inframerah balik semula ke bumi.

9 (a) (i) Based on the above statement, give three importance of the greenhouse effects to

the natural process.

Berdasarkan pernyataan di atas, berikan tiga kepentingan kesan rumah hijau kepadaproses alam semulajadi.

[3 marks]

(ii) State the material causes by the Green House Effect .

Nyatakan bahan yang menyebabkan Kesan Rumah Hijau.[4 marks]


SULIT

16

8/3/2019 TOV JPNT 2008

17/18

SULIT 4551/2

(b) Table 1 shows the quantity of carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide, and smoke in an area

in the year 1988,1992,1996 and 2000 release by the factories

(Jadual1 menunjukkan kandungan gas karbon dioksida, sulfur dioksida dan asap

dalam suatu kawasan kilang dalam tahun 1988, 1992, 1996 dan 2000)

Year Quantity(million tonnes)

Carbon dioxide Sulphur dioxide Smoke

1998

1992

1996

2000

5.2

6.3

7.4

8.5

1.2

1.4

1.1

1.3

1.8

1.3

0.7

0.5

Table 1

Jadual1

(i) Discuss the correlation of concentration carbon dioxide in atmosphere with the global

warming.Bincangkan hubungan antara kepekatan gas karbon dioksida di atmosfera dengan

pemanasan global.[8 marks]

(ii) Give your opinion whether it is necessary to continue the industrial activities in this

area.

Berikan pendapat anda samada aktiviti perkilangan perlu diteruskan.[5 marks]


SULIT

17

8/3/2019 TOV JPNT 2008

18/18

SULIT 4551/2

END OF QUESTION


SULIT

18

tov jpnt 2008

Documents