MARIA MONTESSORI

“Education is a natural process carried out by the child and is not acquired by listening to words but by experiences in the environment.”

"Pembelajaran adalah satu proses semulajadi yang dijalani oleh kanak-kanak dan ia bukanlah diperolehi dengan mendengar kata-kata, tetapi melalui pengalaman yang mereka lalui."

WHO IS MARIA MONTESSORI ?

Born on August 31 1870, in Chiaravalle, Italy. An Italian physician, educator and innovator . The first female doctor in Italy in 1896 which

graduated from University of Rome. Give attention to childhood education. Acclaimed Montessori system of education which

uncover child’s creative potential and gives emphasis on independences.

She made travelled the world to distributeher educational system, including India.

Died in 6 May 1952 (81 years old) causes of cerebral hemorrhage.

*cerebral hemorrhage : pendarahan otak

HISTORICAL VIEW

primary school •Enrolled in the local state school on the Via di San Nicolo da Tolentino.

secondary school •Thirst of knowledge, young Maria continued her studies at the Regio Instituto Tecnico Leonardo da Vinci , which she entered with the intention of becoming an engineer.

diploma •Have changed her mind to be a doctor, she was enrolled at the University of Rome to study physics, maths and natural sciences, receiving her diploma two years later.

degree •With the intercession of Pope Leo, she was enabled to enter the Faculty of Medicine, and became the first woman to enter medical school and graduated as a doctor in Italy.

SHE BREAK THE BARRIER !

At age 13, she was the only one female who are studying at Regio Instituto Tecnico Leonardo da Vinci, because most of the female students on her batch pursued secondary school to study classic rather than going to technical school.

Maria also applied to the University of Rome’s medical program since she changed her mind to be a doctor, but was rejected. 

Then she took additional courses to make some better preparation to enter the medical school.

With the great effort, she got the admittance into the Faculty of Medicine in University of Rome and graduated successfully as “The First Female Doctor in Italy.

Also won a series of scholarship medicine courses and earned money from her private tuition, enabled her to pay most of her medical education.

During her time, all the medic student are came from male. No girl involve in the medic courses since there are

barriers to women’s education.

PURPOSE OF EDUCATION

In 1908, she opened her first children’s school named Casa dei Bambini for poor children around slums area in Rome.

She constructed a special class environment, which show the methods, materials and activities based on her observation towards children.

WHAT DOES MONTESSORI’S SCHOOL LOOK LIKE?

WHY CHILDREN ??

Children early experiences/learning/education is the best guide or teacher for them and

influences on their later lives.

Maria trigger children development by preparing special environment. She enhance children to work by their own willing.

This real environment encourage the growth of children’s sensory, muscular and intellectual.

Due to the fact spontaneous learning, its leads them to begin reading and writing with their own initiative.

Purpose: maximize independent learning and exploration. 

Believed: children will do . . something that they love without . being motivate by others.

Surrounding: mixing student Found: children are enjoying structure and preferring work to play.

MONTESSORI

CURRICULUM

PRACTICAL

SENSORY

FORMAL SKILLS & STUDIES

Children learn to perform practical activities such as :-

washing dishes giving water to plant

PRACTICAL

Squeezing lemons

Basic manners

Social etiquette

Repetitive exercise develop sensory and also muscular coordination of children.

They learned alphabet by knowing, the movables sandpapers letters.

n

They learned to write, then learned to read.

SENSORY

And also use various sort of size & cups, to learn measuring and counting.

Materials present concepts in concrete forms.

When studying geometry, children can hold theshapes in their hands.

When learning geography, they work with puzzle maps.

In learning math concepts, they work with blocks scaled to represent numbers in a tangible form.

Through their work, the children develop concentration and joyful self-discipline. Within a framework of order, the children progress at their own pace and rhythm, according to their individual capabilities.

FORMAL SKILL & STUDIES

ROLE OF TEACHER

Acts as facilitator or director of learning by using didactic (preplaned teaching) materials in a prepared environment.

Direct learning, Montessori was called directress rather than teachers.

Guided by the directress, children acquire the desired skill mastery, sensory experience or intellectual outcome.

INFLUENCE ON TODAY EDUCATIONAL Her success in opening preschool trigger to the other opening

Montessori schools worldwide. Among thousands of Montessori schools worldwide, only 6 schools

was operate and mostly is a private school. In university, there are also have private Montessori training

programs that associated with either the American Montessori Association.