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SISTEMA URINARIA

Ika Fidianingsih

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Copyright © 2008 PearsonEducation, Inc., publishing

as Benjain Cuings

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!

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#

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Copyright ©

2008 Pearson

Education, Inc.,

publishing as

Benjain

Cuings

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$

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Filtrasi 

Filtrat glomeruli Filtrat glomerulussusunan kimianya = plasma darah,tetapi hampir tidak ada protein

Dipengaruhi oleh !  Tekanan hidrostatik

! tekanan osmotik koloid plasma! "omponen kimia plasma darah! #rotein $M% &'(''' Dalton

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Renal corpuscle

)lomerulus and glomerular *apsule

% Glomerulus + tut o *apillaries

 &-apillaries o glomerulus arefenestrated 

% Glomerular .$o/man0s1 capsule

 &#arietal layer + simple s2uamous

epithelium &3is*eral layer + *onsists o

podo*ytes

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#ro4imal tu5ule

% Single layered *u5i* epitelium

 & $rush 5order on api*al part

 & A5undand mito*hondrias

% Resorption o Na-l and /ater .6'!7891,'lucose, as. (ino  transport a)ti* 

 

  +a - (P ase

  (ir  transport pasi* /di*usi

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1#

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Intermedial tu5ule

:enle;s loop%  Thin S2uamous *ells, poorly organels

 &Descendent part perme5ile or /ater

 &As*endent part inpermea5ile or /aterDipengaruhi AD: .permea5le 1

%  <u4tamedular nephrons hae long :>

 &*ounter*urrent multiplier !hyperosmotic medulla

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Cuin s

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Distal tu5ule

% Single layered *u5i* epitelium

% -ells are lo/er than in pro4imal tu5ule & No 5rush 5order

% Rea5sorption o natrium, se*retion o kalium% ma*ula densa ! *hemore*eptors .-l!1

Dipengaruhi oleh

?(Aldosteron .peningkatan rea5osr5si Na1

@(AD:

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Apparatus Juxtaglomerular

$erungsi mengatur tekanan darah

 & Sel Jukstaglomerular + se*rete renin 

merupakan modikasi sel otot polos arteri aeren

 & Macula densa :% A portion o distal *onoluted tu5ulus,

% Tall, *losely pa*ked epithelial *ells

% A*t as chemoreceptors (deteksiperubahan Na

 & Sel Mesangial

  ada reseptor Angiotensi !! dan

"asokonstriktor # mempengaruhi $ltrasi

Intrarenal e4*retory

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Intrarenal e4*retorypassages

% -olle*ting tu5ules .Tubullicolligentes1

 & Single layered *u5i* epithelium

 & Round nu*leus, light *ytoplasm

% #apilar du*ts .Ductus pappilares1

 & Single layered *olumnar epithelium

 & >ight *ytoplasm

% Regulated /ater rea5sorption .AD:1

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 Tu5( -oll 

AD: .dise*resi glandula pituitaria1Air .5atas1  AD: dise*resi  epitel

permea5el terhadap air

:ormon! Air ⟩⟩ hilang .diare1

 

  AD: dise*resi  epithelium

  ⟩⟩ permea5el 

  Urine hipertonis

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Intersti*ium

% -onne*ted /ith 5asal lamina o essels andtu5ules

Sel!sel endotel kapiler peritu5uler

menghasilkan eritropoetin1% -orti*al s( medullar

% -ells% Fi5ro5last!like *ells

% -ells /ith lipid droplets% Ma*rophages, peri*ytes

% Non!*ellular elements% proteogly*ans, gly*oproteins, interstitial Buid

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UERETER

% -arry urine rom the kidneys to the urinary5ladder

% C5li2ue entry into 5ladder preents

5a*kBo/ o urine% :istology o ureter

 & Mu*osa + transitional epithelium % laminapropia

 & Muscularis + t/o layers% Inner longitudinal layer

% Cuter *ir*ular layer

 & Ad"entitia +*onne*tie tissue

Mi i St t th

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Mi*ros*opi* Stru*ture o theUreter

Copyright ©2008

Pearson

Education,

Inc.,

publishing

as

Benjain

Cuings

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Urinary 5ladder

% &ransitional epithelium # Mu*osaolded e4*ept o area trigonumesi*ae

% !layered smooth mus*le layer & inner ple4iorm

 & middle *ir*ular .→ m( sphin*ter esi*ae1

 & outer longitudinal% #art o 5ladder *oered 5y serosa

.peritoneum1

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URETRA

% 'pithelium o urethra & &ransitional epithelium

% At the pro4imal end .near the 5ladder1

 & Strati$ed and pseudostrati$ed columnar +

mid urethra .in males1 & Strati$ed suamous epithelium

% At the distal end .near the urethral opening1

% !nternal urethral sphincter & Inoluntary smooth mus*le

% 'xternal urethral sphincter & 3oluntarily inhi5its urination & Rela4es /hen one urinates

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% In emales  & >ength o + *m

% In males + @' *m in length + three

named regions & )rostatic urethra

% #asses through the prostate gland

 & Membranous urethra

% Through the urogenital diaphragm & Spongy .penile1 urethra

% #asses through the length o the penis

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"elenar #rostat

% 'pitel selapis atau bertingkat torak 

  menghasilkan *airan prostat G5agiandari semen .enHim proteolik, asam sitart,

asam osatase, 5rinolisis, lemak1

gumpalannnya korpora amilase.glikoprotein yang dapat mengalami

kalsikasi1%  Jaringan $broelastis <aringan ikat dan

otot polos

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% Apa per5edaan struktur tu5ulus proksimalisdan distalisJ Mengapa demikianJ

% Sel apakah yang menghasilkan hormonreninJ

% Ansa henle yang mana yang dipengaruhioleh AD:J Apa pengaruhnyaJ

% Epitel permukaan kandung kemiah adalahKK

Apa kekhususan lapisan epitel iniJ

% #lasma darah di ltrasi menuu lumenkapsul 5o/man mele/ati apa saaJ