1

PENAUNG :

Tuan Ahmad Ridzuan Bin Ibrahim

PENASIHAT :

Encik Lim Kieng Chwee

PENYELARAS:

Encik Mohd Najif Bin Ab. Rahman

KETUA EDITOR :

Puan Asnianalinda Binti Zainuddin

EDITOR :

Puan Rozieyati Binti Abdullah

Encik Jayasilan A/L Sinnathurai

Puan Norfaizah Binti Suhaimi

Puan Najwahanim Binti Roslan

Encik Muhamad Zubir Bin Kamiri

KIMIA MALAYSIA KEMENTERIAN SAINS, TEKNOLOGI DAN INOVASI (MOSTI)

Keluaran 02/2014 Ogos 2014 Edaran Dalaman Sahaja

SIDANG REDAKSI BULETIN

OSH KELUARAN 02/2014

Refuse To Be A Victim (Potentially Life-Saving Safety Tips That

Every Woman Should Know) ms 5

Tips To Stay Safe At Work ms 15

Kualiti Udara Dalaman ms 6

Bahaya Elektrik ms 7-8

How To Safely Jack Up Your Vehiche ms 11-14

How To Minimise The Cost Of Waste Disposal ? ms 2

Class Regulations 2013 ms 9-10

Aktiviti OSH Di JKMC Melaka ms 16-20

Aktiviti OSH Di JKMC Terengganu ms 21-22

2

How the laboratories are minimizing their waste disposal costs? As we all know every

laboratory either from governments or privates will produce wastes due to chemical analysis.

According to the article of Oxfordshire, laboratory waste is waste that is generated from

laboratories in industry and in educational centres such as secondary schools and universities.

For example, the laboratory of the water and environment section in Department of Chemistry

Malaysia, Melaka Branch carries out analysis that involve heavy metals and anions in water

samples. The heavy metals and anions waste that is obtained after the analysis cannot be

disposed off easily by just draining it into the sink because it is quite harmful. In the laboratory, the

harmful waste that cannot be manually treated will be stored in waste containers before they

are transferred to the waste store. When the storage reaches huge amount, the OSH Manager will

assign contractor to transport the waste to Kualiti Alam for disposal. Charges will be imposed to

the department for the waste transportation and disposal by Kualiti Alam. Therefore, treatment

and reducing laboratory wastes is necessary in order to save money and reducing disposal costs

while also ensuring safety in the lab.

TYPES OF WASTE:

The main wastes that are obtained from the analysis carried out in the various section of

laboratories of Department of Chemistry Malaysia, Melaka Branch are as followed:

LABORATORY MAIN WASTES

Water and Environment Anion Waste including Sulphate (SO42-), Nitrate (NO3

-), Fluoride (F-) and Phosphate (PO43-).

COD Waste including Mercury Sulphate (HgSO4).

Heavy Metals Waste including Cadmium (Cd), Lead (Pb), Copper (Cu), Manganese (Mn),

Nickel (Ni), Zinc (Zn), Iron (Fe), Mercury (Hg) and Arsenic (As).

Microbiology Kovacs Reagent Wastes (mixture of hydrochloric acid and n-Butanol)

Food and IKTD Sulphuric Acid Wastes

Narcotic Solvents such as Chloroform

Serology/Criminalistic Cupric Chloride

Toxicology Acid Waste

Methanol Waste

Formaldehyde Waste

HOW TO

MINIMISE THE

COST OF WASTE

DISPOSAL?

3

TREATMENTS:

In general, waste producers are encouraged to reduce the quantity of the wastes in the

waste store as well as to minimize the cost of waste disposal. Here are some

suggestion to neutralise safely the waste chemicals based on information gathered from

some references:

According to a source with the title "101 Ways to Reduce Hazardous Waste in the Labora-

tory", there is information in reducing the amounts of wastes in the laboratory. The ways

that can be applied to the Department of Chemistry Malaysia are as follow:

WASTE GROUP TREATMENT

Inorganic acids

Mixture acids

Acids solution without heavy metals or other hazardous materials such as

cyanide, ammonium ion and organic materials, solvents, fats and oils can be

neutralized by using Sodium Hydroxide, NaOH or Sodium Hydrogen

Carbonate, NaHCO3 in the equimolar quantity and then, drained into the

sink.

Base

Alkaline Mixtures

Alkali solution without heavy metals or other hazardous materials such as

cyanide, ammonium ion and organic materials, solvents, fats and oils can be

neutralized by using Hydrochloric Acids, HCl in the equimolar quantity and

then, drained into the sink.

Waters containing

metal salts

Reduces the solution volume that not containing heavy metals and other

hazardous materials such as cyanide, ammonium ion and organic materials,

solvents, fats and oils by applying the concentration method.

Alkaline Metals

Sodium, Na and Potassium, K remaining can be slowly dropped by using the

Ethanol or Isopropanol that will produce the Alcoxide (strong base). Then,

the solution can be neutralized and disposed as a halogen free solvent. the

solution can be neutralized and disposed as a halogen free solvent.

Heavy Metals The heavy metals wastes can be precipitated as sulphides and carbonates.

The precipitate is filtered, dried and disposed as a solid waste.

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1) Reuse acid mixtures for electro polishing.

2) Neutralise corrosive wastes that doesn’t contain metals at the laboratory bench.

Corrosive wastes are acidic or alkaline (basic) wastes that can readily corrode.

3) Deactivate highly reactive chemicals in the hood. For example, deactivation of Diacyl

Peroxides by reaction (inside a chemical fume hood) with an acidic iodine solution.

Diacyl peroxides are used in a broad spectrum of applications including curing of

unsaturated polyester resins, crosslinking of elastomers and production of polyvinyl

chloride and polystyrene (Arkema Inc, 2006).

4) In teaching laboratories, consider the use of micro scale experiments.

Use demonstrations or video presentations as a substitute for some student experiments

that generate chemical wastes.

REFERENCES:

1) 101 Ways to Reduce Hazardous Waste in the Laboratory. Retrieved March 10, 2014

from http://web.utk.edu/~ehss/pdf/101wrhwl.pdf. Reference Book of Pollution

Prevention and Waste Minimization in Laboratories, by Peter A. Reinhardt, K. Leigh

Leonard and Peter C. Ashbrook

2) Laboratory Waste. Oxfordshire Article. Retrieved March 10, 2014 from

https://www.oxfordshire.gov.uk/cms/sites/default/files/folders/documents/

environmentandplanning/ was teandrecycling/commercialwaste/laboratory.pdf.

3) Diacyl Peroxides. (2006). Arkema Inc Article. Retrieved March 10, 2014 from

http://www.luperox.com/export/sites/organicperoxide/.content/medias/downloads/

literature/luperox-diacyl-product-sheet.pdf

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► If walking by yourself, get off your cell phone. A lot of people think that being on the phone is safe because

the person on the other line can call 911, but that rarely works out. Chatting can distract you; it's better to be

aware of your surroundings.

► Look underneath your car before approaching it in a parking garage or lot at night. Make sure to check the

back seat before entering the car, even if you’ve left it with the doors locked.

► If you return to your car and see that a van is parked right next to the driver's side, enter through the pas-

senger side. Predators often use vans and will disguise it as a family car, even using "Baby on Board" decals.

► You return to your car and it has a flat tire. Back away. Return to wherever you came from (restaurant,

store, etc) and call for help. Once assistance arrives, approach your car. If someone comes up to you (even if

they are a woman) and wants to offer help, politely say, "No thank you."

► When leaving the mall late at night, ask a security guard to walk you to your car. Do not go up to just any

security guard. Go directly to the kiosk and ask for them to assign an officer to escort you. Predators

sometimes dress up like men of the law.

Potentially Life-Saving Safety Tips That Every Woman Should Know

► If someone is chasing after you, run away in a zigzag pattern. This will exhaust your attacker.

► Don't check-in on Foursquare or Facebook when you arrive somewhere. Instead, check in as you leave. This way no one

will be able to digitally stalk you and know your every move or when you're not home.

Along the same lines, avoid tweeting or Facebooking from vacation, especially if your ac-

count is public, as it's a way of letting the world know that your home is unoccupied.

► Don't put your name on your apartment buzzer. If you're expecting guests, just let them

know which number to push. This way, only people who know you know exactly where you

live.

► Always immediately lock your

hotel room door after you enter.

► When traveling, do not walk with

your map in your hand. It is a dead

giveaway that you are a tourist.

Therefore, you are an easy target.

► If you call for room service, and

you get a knock on your door, do not

immediately open. Make the person

on the other side of the door tell you

who they are before you open it.

► When asking for directions and

someone offers to show you the way

by having you follow them, do not go.

Just ask for them to point you in the

right direction. Often, predators just

want to get you to a place less

crowded where your screams can't

be heard.

Potential Attacker Strategies to be Aware of:

Intrusion Test — The person subtly checks out your boundaries by physical prox-

imity, comments, demands on your time and attention.

Desensitization – You become accustomed to these intrusion tests, and no longer

notice when your physical/social/emotional boundaries are crossed.

Isolation – The perpetrator isolates you, or waits for a situation where you’re isolat-

ed, to provide an opportunity for an assault/rape/attack.

Trust your instinct – If someone makes you uncomfortable, don’t discount that

feeling. Don’t give out a lot of information about yourself until you feel comfortable

doing so.

Angry outbursts – are intended to intimidate or control

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7

T enaga elektrik merupakan hazard yang tidak kelihatan, tiada bau,

dan senyap. Ia boleh mengalir menerusi bahan pengalir atau konduktor seperti besi dan logam, air dan tubuh manusia. Penebat seperti kayu, plastik, kaca dan

getah tidak dapat mengalirkan elektrik.

B ahaya elektrik tidak boleh dianggap ringan. Oleh kerana

aliran arusnya tidak nampak, bahaya ini sukar dikesan. Jika tersilap ia boleh

mencacatkan anggota, menyebabkan renjatan, lumpuh, kebakaran, letupan

dan kematian.

Faktor yang mempengaruhi kejutan elektrik: ☻Semakin rendah rintangan badan manusia, semakin besar potensi hazard ☻Semakin tinggi voltan dan arus, semakin tinggi risiko kejutan elektrik (voltan melebihi 50V AU dan arus melebihi 5Ma adalah membahayakan) ☻Tahap renjatan elektrik bergantung kepada perjalanan arus dalam badan, amaun arus elektrik dan jangkamasa laluan elektrik memasuki badan

Contoh Hazard Elektrik:

≈ Melecur: Apabila bersentuhan dengan pengalir yang hidup * Pada titik kemasukan dan keluar arus elektrik yang mengalir menerusi badan* seperti sambaran kilat

≈ Rencatan elektrik: Apabila seseorang itu bersentuhan dengan pengalir hidup “LIVE” dan dalam masa sama anggota badannya bersentuhan terus dengan pengalir “BUMI” atau pengalir “NEUTRAL”. Litar akan menjadi lengkap dan seseorang itu boleh diibaratkan seperti beban elektrik lampu, kipas dan

sebagainya.

≈ Kebakaran: Berpunca dari tenaga elektrik * Percikan api di antara pengalir * Litar pintas * Lebih beban * Pendawaian lama dan telah rosak

≈ Letupan: Disebabkan litar pintas atau percikan dari sambungan elektrik *Kesan yang dihasilkan oleh cas elektrik terperangkap di dalam penebat, contoh; cas wujud dalam barangan tekstil seperti nilon

dalam industri tekstil

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LANGKAH KESELAMATAN YANG PERLU DIPATUHI:

☻Jangan gunakan kabel yang pecah atau terlalu lama

☻Jangan cuba menggantikan dawai fius dengan sebarang dawai atau logam

☻Jangan membuat sambungan yang banyak daripada satu punca

☻Jangan cuba menyentuh wayar hidup yang tidak bertebat

☻Jangan gunakan plug atau soket yang pecah dan rosak

GEJALA BOLEH DIATASI DENGAN MEMATUHI LANGKAH KESELAMATAN:

► Pastikan pengalir (dawai) yang digunakan memenuhi saiz dan penebat yang sesuai.

► Penambahan litar mesti dielakkan kecuali yang dilakukan oleh juruelektrik bertauliah.

► Jangan menceraikan bahan elektrik yang digunakan tanpa pengawasan.

►Sebelum memasangkan plug pada soket, pastikan suis pada soket dimatikan dahulu.

►Pastikan suis peralatan dimatikan selepas penggunaan.

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Fast Facts CLASS Regulations 2013

WHEN?

Gazetted on 11th October 2013.

WHAT?

CLASS Regulations 2013 also

known as Occupational Safety &

Health (Classification, Labelling

And Safety Data Sheet of Hazard-

OBJECTIVES?

1. To inculcate the safe use of hazard-

ous chemicals at workplace through

hazard identification and hazard

communication.

2. To prescribe duties of chemical

suppliers on requirements pertain-

ing to: Classification of hazardous

chemical, Labelling of chemical

packages, provision of safety data

PACKAGING

LABELLING

1. Product Identifier 4. Hazard statement

2. Supplier identification 5. Hazard pictogram

Precautionary

Hazard statement

If the signal word “Danger”

is used, the word “Warning”

will be redundant and not be

used

FAQ on labelling

Q: How about labelling of chemical in small packages?

A: For small packages (≤125ml), only these informations are needed:

1) Product identifier 4) Hazard pictograms

2) Supplier identification 5) a statement “read Safety Data Sheet before use”

Chemical packaging must be

sealed with unrepairable

packaging

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CONSISTS OF 8 PARTS

Part I—Preliminary

Part II—Classification

Part III—Packaging

Part IV—Labelling

Part V—Safety Data Sheet

Part VI—Inventory of Hazardous Chemicals

Part VII—Confidential Bussiness

Information

APPLICATIONS

Apply to chemicals supplied for use at

workplace EXCEPT

Radioactive material under Atomic

Energy Licensing Act 1984

Scheduled waste under Environmental

Quality (Scheduled Wastes)

Regulations 2005

Cosmetic/product under Control of

Drugs and Cosmetic of Drugs and

Cosmetics Regulations 1984

Chemicals for R&D or for trial purpos-

es (≤ 5kg)

Articles

Parts II,III, IV and VI not apply to:

Pesticide defined under Pesticide Act

1974

Chemical in transit prior to export

CLASS Regulations 2013

HAZARD

PICTOGRAM

black symbol on a white background and

red border with sufficient width to be

clearly visible.

Diamond shape with the sides tilted at 45°

to the horizontal.

Be in size of one fifteenth of the surface

It is the duty of supplier to furnish updated

Safety Data Sheet (SDS) to the recipient

for:

Each hazardous chemical supplied

Any chemical mixtures containing

hazardous substances at the

concentration exceeding the cut-off

value specified in Fifth Schedule

SDS shall be supplied in national language

Red border

Black symbol on a

white background

Reference:

Occupational Safety & Health (Classification,

Labelling and Safety Data Sheet of Hazardous

Chemicals) Regulations 2013

FAQ on revocation

Q: Are the Occupational Safety and Health (Classification, Packaging

and Labelling of Hazardous Chemicals ) Regulations 1997 still valid?

A: The Occupational Safety and Health (Classification, Packaging and

Labelling of Hazardous Chemicals ) Regulations 1997 are revoked by

the enforcement of CLASS Regulations 2013.

WANT TO KNOW MORE?

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The most common reason to jack up a car is when inspecting engine number,

especially for Jaguar and Porsche model which require you to get under the

vehicle. Before you jack up your vehicle, observe the following safety

precautions:

How to Safely Jack Up Your Vehicle?

Use the jack only to get a vehicle off the ground, never to hold a vehicle in place.

Floor jack Jack stand

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Use jack stands when you work underneath your vehicle.

People have been crushed to death when vehicles that were improperly

secured fell on them.

Put the car in Park (P) (or in First Gear (1) if you have

a manual transmission) and engage the parking brake before you jack up the

vehicle.

After you’ve observed all the safety precautions, follow these steps to jack up

a vehicle:

1. Place the jack under the part of the vehicle that it should contact when

raised. If you’re using jack stands, place them near the jack.

If you place your jack incorrectly, you can damage your car. To find the

proper place to position the jack for your particular vehicle, check your

owner’s manual.

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2. Lift the vehicle by using the jack.

3. Place the jack stands under the vehicle, near where the jack is touch frame

of vehicle. Raise the stands until they’re high enough to just fit under, and

lock them in place. Lower the jack until the vehicle is resting on the jack

stands.

Switch

Adjustable

Stands

Jack stands hold your vehicle up safely.

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Substituting boxes, stones, or bricks for jack stands is very dangerous. They

can slip out or break while you’re under the car. A jack can do the same

thing, be sure to buy a pair of jack stands and stow them in the trunk.

Inspection of engine number

4. When you're finished, replace the jack, remove the stands, and lower the

vehicle to the ground.

If you’re using a scissor jack, simply turn the crank in the opposite direction.

If you’re using a hydraulic jack, use the rod to turn the pressure release

valve. The jack will do the rest of the work for you.

5. Opinion: There are several types of hydraulic jack on the market where it is

safer and for easy portability.

Example of portable hydraulic jack

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Workplace injuries are preventable. Here are a few tips to help you stay safe at work. If you are asked to do a task that you think is unsafe – you have the right to say NO and refuse to do the work. For tips on saying NO, check out the ‘Saying NO to unsafe work’ fact sheet.

1. Get some training and learn how to identify hazards, manage risks and do the job safely before you start.

2. Ask your supervisor to watch and check that you are doing the job the right way.

3. Speak up if you think a task is too dangerous or difficult for you.

4. Ask questions and check with supervisors and co-workers when you aren't sure or can't remember how to do a job safely.

5. Learn what to do and where to get help in an emergency.

6. Always follow the safety rules and procedures.

7. Always wear the required personal protective equipment provided by your employer.

8. Report all injuries (minor or major), Work Health & Safety incidents and near misses.

9. Look out for and report any hazards.

10. Keep an eye out for your co-workers, especially if they are new to the workplace and don't know all the Work Health & Safety issues.

11. Try to get a good night’s rest before heading into work. Feeling tired can lead to dangerous mistakes.

12. If you have a safety concern, talk with more experienced workers such as supervisors, co-workers or your family to get some advice.

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S atu sesi taklimat telah diadakan oleh pihak jabatan pada 25/03/14 pada jam

10.00 pagi hingga 11.50 pagi bertujuan memberi pemahaman mengenai salah satu elemen

SOP 446F (Management of Contractor) dalam sistem OHSAS 18001. Ia merangkumi tiga

bahagian (pengisian borang) iaitu :-

1. Form 446F(A) – Contractor’s Permit to Work

2. Form 446F(B) – Contractor OSH Induction Checklist

3. Form 446F(C) – Contractor’s Site Observation Checklist

Seramai 9 orang penyelia dan pekerja kontrak serta 4 orang kakitangan jabatan

(Pengurus OSH dan Timbalan Pengurus OSH) telah terlibat dalam sesi ini. Ia melibatkan 5

syarikat kontrak utama jabatan iaitu :-

1. Tasek Haza

2. Teraju Dekad

3. Kejuruteraan Bumi Air

4. Sigma Elevator

5. Shafie Enterprise

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Mesyuarat Jawatankuasa JSA di Jabatan Kimia Malaysia Cawangan Melaka dipengerusikan oleh En. Gaureswaran A/L Shanmugam dan dianggotai oleh 12 orang ahli yang terdiri daripada wakil setiap makmal. Mesyuarat diadakan sekali dalam setiap bulan. Pada tahun 2014 sebanyak 24 JSA telah dirancang untuk dibincangkan. Setakat bulan Mei 2014 sebanyak 10 JSA telah dibincangkan. Di antara tajuk-tajuk yang telah dibincangkan ialah:

Analisis menggunakan waterbath The preliminary screening of Heroin, MAM, Morphine, Methamphetamine, Ketamine, etc

Penyimpanan fail Penggunaan mesin ‘shredder’ Handling corrosive acid / alkali in the lab Pengendalian kultur Pemasangan mentol lampu oleh juruelektrik Ammonical Nitrogen Method COD by open reflux method Handling of exhibits in Serology lab

Laporan JSA yang telah dipersetujui oleh Jawatankuasa JSA dibentangkan semasa Perhimpunan Bulanan.

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Memasukkan “jerry can” ke dalam drum Membungkus drum

Mengangkat drum menggunakan

fork lift Memindahkan drum ke atas lori

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TAKLIMAT KESELAMATAN KESIHATAN PEKERJAAN UNTUK

KAKITANGAN BARU DAN PELAJAR INDUSTRI.

T aklimat

Keselamatan

Kesihatan dan Pekerjaan untuk

kakitangan dan pelajar industri telah

diadakan pada 15 Mei 2014. Taklimat

telah diberikan oleh Timbalan Pengurus

OSH En. Mohd Isa Bin Suparman kepada

5 orang kakitangan baru dan seorang

pelajar industri dari Universiti Teknologi Mara Shah Alam.

Taklimat merangkumi penerangan secara umum mengenai sistem OHSAS 18001,

Keselamatan umum makmal, peralatan

keselamatan dan prosedur kecemasan.

15 MEI 2014

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LAW

ATA

N A

UD

IT J

KK

P M

ELA

KA

DI J

KM

C M

ELA

KA

A udit

Keselamatan dan Kesihatan Pekerjaan telah

dijalankan di JKMC Melaka oleh pegawai

JKKP Melaka pada 22.05.2014. Audit ini

adalah bertujuan untuk mengenalpasti tahap

pematuhan Jabatan kepada Akta

Keselamatan dan Kesihatan Pekerjaan 1994

(OSHA). Kumpulan Audit JKKP Melaka

terdiri daripada En. Zarul Efendi bin

Mustapa Albakri dan En. Mohamad Rashdan

Bin Mohamad Razali. Satu taklimat

mengenai Sistem Keselamatan dan Kesihatan

Pekerjaan Jabatan telah diberikan oleh Tuan

Pengarah, En. Lim Kieng Chwee.

Pemeriksaan dokumen dan lawatan ke

makmal-makmal telah dijalankan. Secara

keseluruhannya, pihak JKKP Melaka berpuas

hati dengan Sistem Keselamatan dan

Kesihatan Pekerjaan JKMC Melaka.

21

KURSUS PENGENDALIAN BAHAN KIMIA PEMBANTU MAKMAL SEKOLAH MENENGAH

J abatan Kimia Malaysia Cawangan Terengganu telah mengendalikan satu kursus

Pengendalian Bahan Kimia dengan kerjasama Institut Kimia Malaysia cawangan Terengganu,

Kesatuan Pembantu Makmal Sekolah dan Jabatan Pelajaran Negeri Terengganu pada 14 dan 15

April 2014. Kursus ini telah dihadiri seramai 121 orang Pembantu Makmal Sekolah.

A ntara tentatif program kursus tersebut ialah ‘Chemical Safety & Security Overview’,

‘Chemical Management: Best Practice’, ‘Exercise: Chemical Storage’, ‘Lab visit’, ‘Personal

Protective Equipment (PPE) and Safety Equipment’, ‘Chemical Spill Response and Clean Up’ dan

‘Chemical spillage’. Kursus ini amat memberi impak yang positif kepada pembantu-pembantu

makmal dalam semua segi pengendalian bahan kimia termasuk cara pelupusan yang betul. Pihak

Jabatan Pelajaran Negeri amat berharap agar kursus ini dapat diteruskan pada tahun-tahun yang

akan datang dan diperluaskan skop peserta kepada guru-guru mata pelajaran Kimia di sekolah.

Foto 2:

Demonstrasi cara pengendalian

tumpahan bahan kimia.

Foto 1:

Cik Shamsilawati memberikan

penerangan ‘Emergency Lab

Layout’ yang perlu ada disetiap

makmal.

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Foto 3:

Para peserta sedang memberikan

tumpuan kepada sesi ceramah.

Foto 4:

Demonstrasi cara pengendalian

tumpahan bahan kimia.

Foto 5:

Sesi latihan penyusunan ‘chemical

compatible and incompatible’.