herbal seminar group 9

8/9/2019 Herbal Seminar Group 9

1/42

Mohamad Helmi Bin Rahmat

Mohd Norezham bin Che Ali

Ahmad Faiz bin Mohd Rasid

Mohd Asyraf Bin Azmi

Mardhiyyah bt Mohd Zulkiflee

Nor Miftah Dianah bt Ahmad

Nurul Amalina bt Shahabuddin

Nur Syarafina bt Mohamed Razi

Siti Nadiah bt Mohamad Suhane


2/42

Asystasia gangeticaCommon name: Chinese violet


3/42

Family:

Genus:

Species:


4/42

Alkaloids

Tannins

Saponins

Steroidal

aglycones

Flavonoids

Triterpenoids

Carbohydrate

Proteins


5/42

Lab Results

Plant (scientific names) Asystasia gangetica

Plant (local names) Chinese violet

Frothing test for saponins ++

Test for flavonoids ++

Borntragers test for anthraquinone

derivatives

Negative

Liebermann- burchard reaction for

sterol or terpenoids

++

Test for tannins ++

Test for phenolic compounds Negative

Test for alkaloids ++

Organoleptic test for volatile oils Negative


6/42

EVIDENCE- SED USES

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14522429

nti-asthmatic property ofAsystasia gangetica leaf extracts.

USES

The study was aimed at investigating the anti-asthmatic property of

hexane, ethylacetate, and methanol extracts of the leaves ofAsystasiagangetica.

Results: no contractile or relaxant activity in isolated tissue preparation.But, there is inhibition of the contraction evoked by spasmogens

The extracts relaxed histamine-precontracted tracheal strips in thefollowing degree of potency: ethylacetate extract hexane extract =methanol extract.

RESE RCH STUDY


7/42

Melastoma malabathricum

L.Common name: Senduduk


8/42

Kingdom:Plantae

Class:Magnoliopsida

Order: Myrtales

Family:Melastomataceae

Species:Melastoma malabathricum L.

Genus:Melastoma


9/42

Characteristics

Leaves:

Simple, narrow with3 prominent

longitudinal veins.Bristly underside

Stems:

reddish, coveredwith small rough

scales

Main features:

Average 1m but maygrow up to 3m tall

Flowers:

Five petals; darkpurple to pinkish; onrare occasions, white

Fruits:

Oval with purplepulp; contains many

tiny seeds


10/42

Amino-

acid Aspartic

acid

Gl tamic

acid

Glycine

Hydroxyproline

Isole cine

Le cine

Melastomic

acid

Methionine

Triterpene

Tyrosine

Valine


11/42

Lab Results

Plant (scientific names) Melastoma malabathricum L.

Plant (local names) Senduduk

Frothing test for saponins Negative

Test for flavonoids ++

Borntragers test for anthraquinone

derivatives

Negative

Liebermann- burchard reaction for sterol

or terpenoids

++

Test for tannins NegativeTest for phenolic compounds Negative

Test for alkaloids ++

Organoleptic test for volatile oils Negative


12/42

USES

Treat diarrhea, dysentery and piles

Prevent scarring from smallpoxLeaves

To prod ce lack dyeSeeds

To prod ce pink dyeRoots


13/42

Antioxidant

Antinociceptive

Anti inflammatory

Pharmacology

effect

Traditionalus

es

The young leaves are eaten raw orcooked To treat wound healing, post partumtreatment.

Leaves are used to treat diarrhoea

and dysentery (Malaysia, Indonesia)to prevent scarring from smallpox

to treat piles.


14/42

EVIDENCE- SED USES

htt :// .ij s li e.c / rticle. s ?iss =0250-

474X;ye r=2009;v l e=71;iss e=6;s e=691;e e=695; l st=S ils

ntidiarrhoeal activity of leaves ofMel st l b t hric L.

ME ICINALUSES

Melastoma malabathricum water extract treated mice showedsignificant reduction in the fecal output and protected them fromcastor oil-induced diarrhoea.

The extract also reduced the intestinal fluid secretion induced by

magnesium sulphate and gastrointestinal motility after charcoal mealadministration in the mice.

No mortality and visible signs of general weakness was observed in themice following the test extract administration up to 2000 mg/kg dose.

RESEARCH STUDY


15/42

Familia : Leguminosae

Sub-family :Mimosoideaeenus :Acacia

Species :A. mangium

Distribution : Native to North

Queensland,

Australia

- first introduced to Sabah,

Malaysia in 1966

Common name: Mangium wattle, forest mangrove


16/42

Main features:

- rapid early growth

- can attain a height of 30 m &

a diameter of 60 cm

Pods:

- Pods are broad, linear and

irregularly coiled when ripe

Seeds:

- dark brown to black, shiny- mature 6-7 months after

flowering

Folk edicine:

- No data available

Toxicity:

- Dust from pods pounded fromduring seed extraction causes a

respiratory reaction in somepeople

Flowers:

- flower-heads rod-like (6-

10 cm long), white, sparse, on

hairy peduncles about 1 cm long- has a mild, sweet fragrance


17/42

U s e s

High growth rate

Good quality fiber

High disease resistance

Able to thrive in poor soils

Wood properties:

Light

(density range: 0.380-0.480 g/cm3)

Low strength properties

PEH, T.B. & KHOO, K..C. 1984. Timber properties ofAcacia mangium,

Gmelina arborea, Paraserianthes falcataria, and their utilization aspects.

Malaysian Forester47(4) :285 - 301.

(Indonesia, Malaysia & southern China)


18/42

La b R e s u l t s

NegativeFrothing test for saponins

Negative

Green extract remainsTest for flavonoids

Negative

No antraquinone derivatesBorntragers test

Positive

Presence of blue-black precipitate

Test for alkaloids

NegativeOrganoleptic test for volatile

oils

Negative

Test for tannins


19/42

Cla s : Eukary ta

Fa ilia : uscaceae

e us : Dr c e

S ecies : Dracaena

arginata


20/42

Charac te r is t i cs Known as Red-edge Dracaena Can grow to 15 feet in height, supported by a long, slender truck or

cane.

Have a secondary thickening meristem in their trunk known asDracaenoidthickening.

This monocotyledonous secondary thickening meristem is quitedifferent from the thickening meristem found in dicotyledonousplants and is termed Dracaenoid thickening

Leaves :

- linear and a deep, glossy green color with red edges; typically 30-90cm long and 2-7 cm broad, tapering to an acuminate point.

- contain irritant calcium oxalate crystals and the sap may containsaponins.

Plant Type : Broadleaf evergreen

Water : Medium

Temperature : Average warmth

Maintenance : Low


21/42

Uses

Popular houseplant that needs little attention.

One of the plants used in the NASA clean air study andhas shown to help remove formaldehyde.

An effective air-cleaner and is among the best plants for

removing xylene and trichloroethylene.

D. Marginata is very susceptible to fluoride toxicity


22/42

La b R e s u l t s

Positive

1cm of honey comb frothFrothing test for saponins

Negative

Green extract remainsTest for flavonoids

Negative

No antraquinone derivatesBorntragers test

Negative

Test for alkaloids


oils

Negative

Test for tannins


23/42

Roureamimosoides

F. ObtusaCommon name: Akar pengesep, Akau udang


24/42

Descriptions

A climber

Woody stem

sually hook to bigger tree for support

The leaves is: compound pinnate

Many leaflet

Small in size

Oblong in shape

Smooth surface Broad base and apex

Live in shady ambience


25/42

Medicinal Uses

Roots

- general female ailments

- cold

- rheumatic pain, ulcer, renal disorder

- Diabetes- breathing difficulty, coughing up

blood

- abdominal colic and leprosy.

Youngshoots

- For bloody stool


26/42

T X MY

Eukary te

D main

Plantae

KIngd m

Viridae lantae

Subkingd m

magn li sida

Class

r sidae

Subclass

c nnarales

Order

c nnaraceae

Family

R urea

Genus

trache hyta

Phylum


27/42

Lab results

NegativeTest for Phenolic compounds

PositiveTest for flavonoids

PositiveTest for saponins

Negative

Anthraquinone derivatives


oils

Negative

Test for tannins


28/42

Quisqualis indicaCommon name: Chinese honeysuckle

or Rangoon Creeper


29/42

Family:

Genus:

Species:


30/42

Descriptions

Elliptical with an acuminate tip and arounded base.

They grow from 7 - 15 cm and

Arrangement: opposite.leaves

Fragrant and tubular

Color: varies from white to pink to red.flowers

Tastes like almonds when mature.Fruits


31/42

USES

sed for gargling.

also used to combat nephritis.Fruit

sed to relieve pain caused by fever.Leaves

sed to treat rheumatism.Roots

Contain the chemical quisqualic acid, which is an agonist

for the AMPA receptor, a glutamate receptor in the brain.

The chemical is linked to excitotoxicity (cell death).Seeds


32/42

Moraceae Ficus BenjaminaCommon name: Wheeping fig


33/42

T X MY

Whee i g fig

Commoame

Pla tae

KIngdom

agnolio sida

Division

Rosales

Order

oraceae

Family

Ficeae

Tribe

Ficus

Genus

Conosycea

Subgenus

F.Benjamina

S ecies

htt ://en.wiki edia.org/wiki/Ficus_benjamina


34/42

DESCRIPTIONS

Evergreen Reaching 30 metresTrees

Adventitious

Occasionally hangingRoots

Gray

smoothBark

Brown

GlabrousBranchlets Oblong, elliptic, lanceolate, or ovate

Base rounded, apex acuminateLeaf blades

http://www.hear.org/starr/hiplants/reports/pdf/ficus_benjamina.pdf


35/42

USES

The latter is known to be a hyperaccumulator

of benzene and methane.

It also identified as powerful air-cleaning

plants.

It is a very popular house plant in temperateareas for ornamental purpose.


36/42


37/42

Kingdom

Plantae

Phylum

Magnoliophyta

Class

Magnoliopsida

Order

Magnoliales

Family

Noctuoidea

Subfamily

Annonoideae

Tribe

Annoneae

enus

Polyalthia

Specific epithet

glauca


38/42

Mid-canopy tree up to 36 m tall. Leavesalternate, simple, penni-veined, glaucus on

lower surface. Flowers with ca. 33 mm long petals, pale yellow

to cream, fragrant, placed on the branchesbelow the leaves.

Fruitlets ca. 15 mm long, red-purple, placed inapocarp, fruitlets 1-seeded.

Mid-canopy tree up to 36 m tall. Leavesalternate, simple, penni-veined, glaucus on

lower surface. Flowers with ca. 33 mm long petals, pale yellow

to cream, fragrant, placed on the branchesbelow the leaves.

Fruitlets ca. 15 mm long, red-purple, placed inapocarp, fruitlets 1-seeded.


39/42

In undisturbed forests up to 950 m altitude, butusually below 300 m.

sually in mixed dipterocarp forests, but

ocassionally in peat swamp and submontaneforests.

Mostly on hillsides and ridges on sandy to clayeysoils. In secondary forests usually present as a

pre-disturbance remnant.

In undisturbed forests up to 950 m altitude, butusually below 300 m.

sually in mixed dipterocarp forests, but

ocassionally in peat swamp and submontaneforests.

Mostly on hillsides and ridges on sandy to clayeysoils. In secondary forests usually present as a

pre-disturbance remnant.


40/42

Nicobar Islands, Thailand, Peninsular

Malaysia, Sumatra, Java, Borneo (Sarawak,

Sabah, West-, Central- and East-Kalimantan),

Philippines, Celebes, Moluccas and New

Guinea.

Nicobar Islands, Thailand, Peninsular

Malaysia, Sumatra, Java, Borneo (Sarawak,

Sabah, West-, Central- and East-Kalimantan),

Philippines, Celebes, Moluccas and New

Guinea.


41/42

Health tonic

- Root

Acts as antiflatulents

Health tonic

- Root

Acts as antiflatulents


42/42

herbal seminar group 9

Documents