chapter 3 (safety)

8/3/2019 Chapter 3 (Safety)

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CHAPTER 3 : SAFETY

3.1 INTRODUCTION

Keselamatan semasa melakukan kerja dan semua peralatan seperti mesin,kimpalan dan juga barangan kimia sentiasa terdedah kepada jenis bahaya jikaperalatan penyalahgunaan atau kerana yang cuai apabila menggunakan peralatandan menjalankan kerja-kerja di kilang.Keselamatan dan undang-undang di sebuahkilang yang sangat wajib dan semua pekerja mesti berjaga-jaga dengan kaedah-kaedah masa untuk mengambil keselamatan penjagaan sendiri untuk pekerja.Risiko yang melibatkan kemalangan, kehilangan nyawa dan kecederaan bolehdikurangkan jika kita mengikut peraturan-peraturan keselamatan.Ini juga bolehmencegah kerosakan mesin atau peralatan lain. Oleh itu, apa-apa kemalangan

hendaklah dilaporkan dengan segera kepada orang-orang yang yangbertanggungjawab sama ada ia kemalangan kecil atau besar.

3.1.1 Step To Prevent General Accident


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Their are four main factor to prevent any accident to happen inside a factory:

1. Working behavior

2. Own safety

3. Safety during operating machine equipment

4. Tidy work place

3.1.2 Working Behavior

Worker must have the spirit or power and a good working behavior when at the

factory .This attitude can prevent accident. The example of good behavior is:

1. Clean and good appearance

2. Responsible

3. Tolerate with other worker

4. Concentrate and focuse when doing

3.1.3 Own Safety


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1. Kemalangan biasanya berlaku kerana kecuaian kami dan tidak mengambil

berat tentang aspek keselamatan sehingga kemalangan berlaku. Ini bolehmenghalang jika kita mengikut peraturan-peraturan dan contoh kaedah-kaedah:1. Pakai kain yang sesuai dengan persekitaran kerja atau suitible denganapa peralatan yang kita gunakan (Rajah 3.1.3). Pakaian keselamatan dibengkel kimpalan tidak sama dengan pakaian keselamatan yang kitagunakan di bengkel mesin pelarik.2. Mesti kemas dan pendek. Berambut panjang adalah sangat berisikokerana ia boleh menyebabkan rambut tersangkut di mesin contohnya dimesin pelarik atau mesin lain yang berputar.3. Jangan bermain apabila di bengkel sama ada dengan rakan atau pekerjalain terutamanya apabila menggunakan mesin. Jangan gunakan barang

kemas seperti cincin, kalung dan kerana boleh tersangkut pada peralatanmesin atau lain-lain

2. .

Figure 3.1.3 Safety Attire

2.1.4 Safety During Operating Machine Equipment


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Their are many kind of safety rules and all of its depend on where is the

place and what is the work. This chapter will only explain some of the

main safety rules. Mainly, the accident when using a machine can be

prevent with:

1. Every machine must have good or perfect earth connection to

prevent short circuit and electric shock. This is ussually for welding

machine.

2. Do not touch or play with sharp equipment like tool bit, grinding

machine

.

Figure 3.1.4 Safety Attire in welding

2.1.5 Tidy work place


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A tidy and clean working enviroment not just can prevent accident from

happen but increase the quality of work and even can save time to finish

the work. A good working enviroment also make the worker more

comfortable doing his or her work. Thus, this step must be taken:

1. Put back the equipment to its original or proper place after use.

2. Prevent the oil or slippery liquid to leak on the floor . If it leak, wipe

it with a cloth until it cleans and not slippery.

3. Do not let the chip or metal scrap on the floor or area near the

machine.

4. The workshop must have a proper ventilation and a workshop must

also have a mark area to work mark with a lines or call safety lineto divide walk way and work place.

5. A workshop must have a emergency exit.

6. A fire extinguisher also important and must be put at a location that

easy to be seen and achieve.


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Figure 3.1.5A Example of a slippery floor

Figure 3.1.5B Fire Extinguisher

3.2 THE IMPORTANCE USING SAFETY EQUIPMENT AND CLEAN

ENVIROMENT

Using a safety equipment like goggles, safety spectacles and clean

enviroment is important to prevent any unwanted accident happen like:


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3.2.1 Goggle

Goggle is a eye shield that is very important because It protect the eye fromthe spark of the weld during welding

Figure 3.2.1 A goggle

Use of goggle:

1. Prevent the eye to damage because the bright light that emites during the

welding process.

2. Prevent from spark of the weld get into the eye or also during using a lathe

machine because the chip from the work piece also can damage.

3. Save the eye from injury when an equipment or sharp tool get into our eye.


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3.2.2 Safety Spectacle

Figure 3.2.2 The Use of safety spectacles during cutting process

The uses:

1. Safety spectacles uses is almost the same as goggle but safety spectacle is

not suitable for welding.

2. Use to protect eye.

3.2.3 Clean Enviroment

Clean and tidy environment of a working place will give a more comfortable

situation and also safe . For example, if the floor at the working areas is full with oil

leak then this will cause danger and accident to happen . But,in a clean situation ,

we can prevent accident better because we know all the equipment is arrange in

order and tidy.


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3.2.4 Misuse of Safety Equipment

Cloth and safety equipment must be wear properly and also correctly .

Besides that, it must be wear suitable with the work we do.If we do not use the

safety attire properly than we have risk to get injure for example when we using a

machine.

3.2.5 Gloves

Their are many kind of glove and a glove have many kind of shape , size and

type that different arrange according to the uses. For example , gas welding glove is

made from a rough material or leather but the sizes is small and thin . But as for arc

welding gloves is made from hard material and bigger in size . The glove for the

general use is made from rough thread. Therefore, when someone use the gas

welding glove to do arc welding work the probability to get injure is high. This

situation can happen because that glove is big enough to cover his or her wrist and

the spark are able to touch the skin. The glove that not suitable is easy to get burn

during the welding or when holding a hot material. Besides that, a gloves also easyly

to stuck in grinding machine when it is use to sharpen the tool bit.


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Figure 3.2.5 Glove that use for arc welding

3.2.6 Wiping Cloth

Wiping cloth should be use at suitable place like wiping the oil on tyhe floor ,

to wipe our hand and other. But sometime, this equipment can cause injury when it

did not use properly and wrongly. For example, if it is use to wipe the chip at the

lathe machine or the chip at the drill machine, the chip will stuck in the wiping cloth

and the sharp chip can injure our hand. Wiping the work piece during lathe machine

or drilling machine is spinning can cause injuries because the wiping cloth can get

stuck and cause injuries.

3.2.7 Grinding Machine Without It Shield


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The shield of the grinding machine is use to prevent the spark from the

grinding wheel hit the user. Beside that, it also use to protection from flying work

piece. The grinding machine without it shield is very dangerous.

3.2.8 Uncomplete Safety Attire

Safety attire must be wear properly and neatly . this is important to make sure

safety is at it maximum level when a unwanted accident happen. If we use

uncomplete safety attire, injury can happen. For example, if we wear apron not

properly and we did not tied the apron , it can cause the apron the get stuck in a

spinning machine and others.

Figure 3.2.8 Apron

3.2.9 Safety Boot


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Safety boot is use to protect our foot from injuries from a sharp material for

example nail.It also to design to resist a heavy load . It has a rubber base and

usually made in leather. It has a steel material to cover our toes.

Figure 3.2.9 Safety Boot

3.2.10 Hard hat


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A hard hat is compulsory when working in a construction industries. The use

of this safety equipment is to protect our head from any falling object above us. It is

very important because its protect our head and our head is the most important part

of our body.

Figure 3.2.10 Hard Hat

3.2.11 Chemical Substance

The chemical can couse injuries if we inhale it or swallow it. This is some of

the safety rules involving chemical substances:

1. If contact with eye, immediately wash with a lot clean water and get a medical

help.

2. If contact with skin , wash it immediately with water.

3. If swallow , get medical attention immediately.

4. Use a suitable attire when facing with chemical work.


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Figure 3.2.11 High Quality Rubber Glove for Chemical Industries

8.3 THE DIFFERENCE OF THE SAFETY FACTOR


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The difference between own safety , equipment , arc welding machine, gas welding

machine:

BIL OWN SAFETY EQUIPMENT

ARC

WELDING

MACHINE

GAS

WELDING

MACHINE

1.

To prevent

physically

injuries

To prevent

damage

To prevent

damage

To prevent

fire and

explode

2. Suitable attire

Make sure it is

in a good

condition

Make sure it is

in a good

condition

Make sure it

is in a good

condition


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3. Wear safety attire

Make sure it is

in a good

condition

Good ventilation

system to

prevent inhale of

poison gas

Good

ventilation

system

4. Wear safety attire

The safety

barrier is not

broken

Good earth

connection

Check the

equipment

before uses

and make no

leakage


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3.3 CONCLUSION

As the conclusion, safety rule is very important because it can save us

from injuries and even save us from death. Therefore , follow the safety procedure

to keep ourself in a safe condition. Remember the world definition for safety that is

safety means no accident.

chapter 3 (safety)

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