yip shou shan v sin heap lee-marubeni sdn bhd

8/13/2019 Yip Shou Shan v Sin Heap Lee-marubeni Sdn Bhd

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Malayan Law Journal Reports/2002/Volume 5/YIP SHO SH!" # SI" H$!P L$$%M!R&$"IS'" &H' % (2002) 5 MLJ 11* % 2* "o#em+er 2001

1, pages

(2002] 5 MLJ 113

YIP SHOU SHAN v SIN HEAP LEE-MARUBENI SDN BHD

HIGH COURT (KUALA LUMPUR)MOHD NOOR AHMAD JCIIL SUIT NO S1-22-!"1 O# 1$$323 N%v&'& 2001

Tort -- Trespass to land -- Damages -- Quantum of -- Encroachment and loss of soil to soil

support -- Deliberate and intentional trespass -- Real probability of prejudice to plaintiff'sdevelopment of land -- Cost of repair and reinstatement awarded -- Conduct of defendantconsidered whether e!emplary damages justified

Tort -- Trespass to land -- Right of plaintiff to bring action -- Doctrine of relation bac" -- #laintiffentitled to possession of land but yet to ta"e physical possession -- $hether plaintiff entitled tomaintain action even though not in physical possession at time of trespass -- $hether issue of

possession properly pleaded

Tort -- Trespass to land -- #hysical damage -- Encroachment and loss of soil to soil support --Real probability of prejudice to plaintiff's development of land

-.e plant owne Lot 1*,0 an t.e eenant owne Lot 15 stuate n t.e Mu3m o 4.eras'str6t o Hulu Langat Selangor7 Lot 1*,0 was separate on ts sout.ern +ounary rom Lot 15+y a strp o state lan appro8mately 90 eet we :;t.e a66ess reser#e;>, t.e eenant wt.out t.e plant;s 6onsent6onstru6te a 6r+%wall on t.e a66ess reser#e part o w.6. was on t.e plant;s lan7 -.e plant+roug.t an a6ton aganst t.e eenant or general amages an e8emplary amages +ase ontrespass an nusan6e7 -.e eenant 6ontene t.at t.ere were two n6ents o trespass ant.at at t.e tme o rst n6ent t.e plant was net.er t.e regstere propretor nor was .e nlegal possesson o Lot 1*,0 an .en6e t.e plant not .a#e t.e 6apa6ty to mantan ana6ton n t.s respe6t? an t.at as or t.e se6on n6ent t.at t.e trespass was n6ental anmnmal +eses +eng unntentonal an was mtgate +y t.e nee to o so n orer to lower t.ele#els on t.e a66ess reser#e7

H&*+@

1) !s at 2> June 1>>1 t.e #enor was a +are trustee an t.e plant +e6ame enttleto possesson o t.e lan n law? an +y 6l , o t.e agreement t.e plant was6ontra6tually enttle to #a6ant possesson on 6ompleton o t.e sale? an .en6et.e plant;s rg.t o entry a66rue on 2> June 1>>17 &y t.e o6trne o relaton


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+a63 an owner w.o .as a rg.t to enter ma3es an entry on lan .s rg.t opossesson s relate +a63 to t.e tme at w.6. .s rg.t

%&&% ()* ++, at ++o entry a66rue an .e may sue or a trespass 6ommtte +eore .s entry t.e

wrongoer t.us +e6omng a trespasser +y relaton7 -.e plant an .s agentsentere an too3 p.ys6al possesson o t.e lan on 1A July 1>>1 t.at s to say+eore t.e rst n6ent w.en t.e rst sur#ey was 6onu6te7 -.ereore +y t.eo6trne o relaton +a63 t.e plant was 6learly enttle to mantan t.s a6ton e#ent.oug. .e was not n p.ys6al possesson at t.e tme o t.e rst n6ent :see p122$%BA07 -.e proper een6e to trespass to lan s to eny possessory ttle o t.e

plant w.6. must +e spe66ally pleae :see pp 122H 12*!%4


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B,,., M,*,/., .'',/

Plant merupa3an peml3 Lot 1*,0 an eenan merupa3an peml3 Lot 15 Mu3m 4.eras'aera. Hulu Langat Selangor7 Lot 1*,0 psa.3an sempaan selatannya ar Lot 15 ole.se+ang tana. 3eraCaan 3ra%3ra 90 3a3 le+ar :;Calan masu3 terse+ut;>, eenan tela. tanpamenapat3an Fn plant menr3an ;6r+ wall; atas Calan masu3 terse+ut atas tana. plant7Plant tela. memula3an tna3an ter.aap eenan untu3 gant rug am an gant rug telaan+erasar3an 3a6au%ganggu an pen6ero+o.an7 'eenan menyata3an +a.awa terapat ua3eCaan pen6ero+o.an an semasa pen6ero+o.an pertama plant +u3an merupa3an peml3+eratar ataupun +eraa alam ml3an yang sa. Lot 1*,0 an ole. tu plant ta3 +ole.menge3al3an tna3an terse+ut7 &ag pen6ero+o.an 3eua pula pen6ero+o.an terse+ut+ersampngan an mnmum an ta3 sengaCa3an an a 3urang3an melalu 3eperluan untu3+er+uat em3an supaya mengurang3an 3etnggan Calan masu3 terse+ut7

D.4,@

2) Paa 2> Jun 1>>1 penCual merupa3an pemegang bare trust an plant +er.a33epaa ml3an tana. terse+ut ss unang%unang? an melalu 3l , perCanCanterse+ut plant +er.a3 +er ml3an 3osong setela. Cualan sempurna3an anole. yang em3an .a3 plant untu3 masu3 tera3ru paa 2> Jun 1>>17 Melaluo3trn ;relaton +a63; C3alau seseorang peml3 +er.a3 memasu3 tana. .a3ml3annya 3at3an +al3 3epaa masa apa+la .a3 masu3nya tera3ru an +elau+ole. mena3wa untu3 pen6ero+o.an yang +erla3u se+elum 3emasu33annyamenCa3an orang yang +ersala. tu seorang pen6ero+o. melalu per3atanterse+ut7 Plant an agen%agennya masu3 an tela.

%&&% ()* ++, at ++1mengam+l ml3an F3al tana. terse+ut paa 1A Jula 1>>1 atu se+elum 3eCaan

pertama semasa tnCauan pertama seang la3u3an7 Ole. tu melalu o3trn;relaton +a63; plant Celas +er.a3 menge3al3an tna3annya walaupun +elau ta3mempunya ml3an F3al 3et3a 3eCaan pertama terse+ut :l.at ms 122$%BA07 Pem+elaan ter.aap pen6ero+o.an yang +etul aala. untu3 mena3an.a3ml3 peml3an plant yang mest pl3an se6ara 3.usus :l.at ms 122H12*!%4


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perlu3an +ag mem+ole.3an +angunan%+angunan r3an e3at 6erun terse+ut:l.at ms 1204%' =%B>,) 2 MLJ 12 :re>*) * MLJ *52 :reA0) 1 !ll $R >2A :re>) 2 MLJ *0> :re>) 2 4LJ 205

L&7.*,% &6&&+ % Rules o t.e Hg. 4ourt 1>A0 O 1A r A:1

1b) a e6laraton t.at t.e plant s enttle to use an enCoy t.e roa reser#e as a66essto t.e plant;s lan or t.e rg.t o support to t.e sa lan?

1c) an nCun6ton to restran t.e eenant w.et.er +y .msel .s ser#ants or .sagents .owsoe#er rom en6roa6.ng onto t.e plant;s lan?

1d) a manatory nCun6ton re6tng t.e eenant to ort.wt. at ts own 6osts renstatean re.a+ltate t.e groun le#els o t.e plant;s lan an t.e roa reser#eaConng t.e sa lan@

1.+y 6onstru6tng a renor6e eart.wall at t.e +ounary +etween t.eeenant;s lan an t.e roa reser#e to t.e .eg.t up to t.e utmost orgnalgroun le#el? an

1. t.ereater +y +a63llng wt. san an eart. up to t.e le#el o t.e renor6eeart.wall?

1

1e) a manatory nCun6ton re6tng t.e eenant to ort.wt. at ts own 6osts 6onstru6tan a66ess to t.e sout. east +ounary o t.e roa reser#e o t.e plant;s lan at ale#el o ,0m an or t.s purpose o 6onstru6t a renor6e eart.wall at +ot. seso t.e ,,t roa reser#e on t.e eenant;s lan to allow or t.e a66ess?

1f) a manatory nCun6ton re6tng t.at n t.e e8e6uton an 6ompleton o t.ea+o#esa wor3s t.e eenant o 6omply at ts own 6osts wt. t.e $art.wor3 Planan Renor6e $art.wall etals as s.own n t.e 'rawngs "o P&>200 SP%1 an

"o P&>200 4S1 an Spe66atons prepare +y t.e 4onsultng $ngneers MessrsPerunng &a3t Sn &. an anne8e .ereto as !nne8ure 1? an

1g) an orer t.at t.e 6ompleton o t.e a+o#esa wor3s +e e#en6e +y a 6ert6ate o6ompleton to +e ssue +y t.e aoresa 6onsultng engneers7

-.e a6ts re#eal t.at@ -.e plant s t.e owner o Lot 1*,0 an t.e eenant owns Lot 15stuate n t.e Mu3m o 4.eras 'str6t o Hulu Langat Selangor7 Lot 1*,0 s separate on tssout.ern +ounary rom Lot 15 +y a strp o state lan appro8mately 90t we :;t.e a66essreser#e;>* an plan :&%20< prepare +y SP2 w.6.

s.ows a steep slope o a+out 100t .g. an ,50t long an a+out 9>t eep nto t.e plant;slan7 -.e slope s ste entrely on t.e plant;s lan allng on to t.e a66ess reser#e7 -.ee#en6e 6onsttutes trespass to t.e plant;s lan +y t.e eenant an t.s s my nng7 It salso e#ent t.at sometme n =e+ruary 1>>, t.e eenant wt.out t.e plant;s 6onsent6onstru6te a 6r+ wall on t.e a66ess reser#e part o w.6. s on t.e plant;s lan as 6onrme+y S'5 an e8. P107 -.s 6onsttutes a permanent trespass on t.e plant;s lan +y t.eeenant an t.s s also

%&&% ()* ++, at ++?my nng +ut not or t.e purpose o nng on la+lty or permanent trespass7


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In respe6t o nusan6e t.e 6lam arses rom t.e wt.rawal o sol to sol support an t.e loss olawul use o t.e lan +y t.e plant resultng rom t.e p.ys6al amage 6ause +y t.e trespass7-.s s e#en6e +y t.e report o SP5 :6onsultng engneer< an .s testmony an su+stantate+y t.e nee to 6onstru6t a 6r+ wall on part o t.e slope +y t.e eenant an t.e p.otograp.6

e#en6e o slope alures7SP5 state n .s report :&%5< t.at a sol test was 6arre out n Mar6. 1>>* or analyss o slopesta+lty an oun t.at t.e slope .a a saety a6tor o less t.an 1 as oppose to a normallya66epta+le saety a6tor o 1797 He nspe6te t.e ste an note a alure at t.e +ottom o t.eslope as s.own n t.e p.otograp. :&%A59 a6res an n orer to sta+lFe t.e slope t.e loss or t.e set+a63 s 172A9*

a6res :see e8 PA< t.at t.e6al6ulatons were only or t.e total .eg.t o *>t +ut t.e total .eg.t to +e prote6tewas appro8mately 0t :as llustrate n e8. P10< an t.ereore t.e top slope w.6.s.oul +e prote6te as well was not prote6te7 =urt.er t.e top 6r+ wall not6o#er t.e w.ole lengt. o t.e slope an t.e plant ntene to e#elop .s lan

e8tra prote6ton o t.e slope was reDure7 In s.ort t.e plant;s lan was notprote6te at all?

1iii) !s not6e +y SP5 t.e p.otograp.s e8. P2 $ = H s.ow t.at t.ere was e#en6eo slope alures at t.e top o t.e 6r+ wall e#en w.le t was +eng 6onstru6te?

1iv) S'5 agree t.at t.e top slopes an t.e slopes on t.e let an rg.t were notprote6te +y t.e 6r+ wall7 &ut .e sa t.at t.e slopes were sta+le +ase merely on6al6ulatons wt.out any sol test one7

%&&% ()* ++, at +%&=urt.er .e not ta3e nto a66ount o uture e#elopment +y t.e plant n arr#ngt.at t.e slopes t.oug. not prote6te +y t.e 6r+ wall were sta+le?

1v) t.e eenant merely tenere t.e te6.n6al report on t.e 6r+ wall :e8. '>


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2ii) t.e 6r+ wall +ult +y t.e eenant s to +e regare only as a temporary measure+e6ause not only oes t not at all prote6t t.e plant;s lan +ut also t s notsu6ent to pre#ent uture sol alures t.at s to say t.e 6r+ wall oes notguarantee t.e sta+lty o t.e slope7 -.ere s a real pro+a+lty not Cust a poss+lty

o preCu6e to t.e plant;s ntene e#elopment o .s lan n #ew o w.at wassa +y Mo. !Fm =4J n $ong .ee )ee / 0rs v Ting .ii" )ay(1>>) 4LJ 205 at p229@

In our #ew t.e 6ourts are enttle to ta3e Cu6al not6e o t.e a6t t.atMalaysa re6ors one o t.e .g.est ranalls n t.e worl w.6.ne#ta+ly ma3e sol eroson an lan sles a matter o oreseea+le6onseDuen6e w.ere#er t.ere s stur+an6e o t.e sol as a result o.uman a6t#ty7 !s a matter o 6ommon sense retanng walls .as+e6ome one o t.e +ulwar3s n t.e g.t aganst sol eroson an n t.epreser#aton o sol to sol support enCoye +y neg.+ourng lanspart6ularly w.ere e86a#aton a6t#tes .a#e +e6ome ne6essary onone;s property7

2iii) t.e plant ntens to e#elop .s lan e8tra prote6ton o t.e slope s neeeot.erwse t.e set+a63 as llustrate n e8. PA s ne6essary or #ery e8pens#eounaton wor3s are reDure or any +ulng to +e +ult near t.e slope?

2iv) t.e plant;s loss o eart. s 07,2>9 a6res an t.e loss or t.e set+a63 s 172A9*a6res7

-.e eenant rase t.e ollowng een6e@

2a) t.at at t.e tme o t.e rst n6ent t.e plant was net.er t.e regstere propretornor was .e n legal possesson o Lot 1*,0 an .en6e t.e plant oes not .a#e6apa6ty to mantan an a6ton n t.s respe6t?

2b) t.at as or t.e se6on n6ent t.at t.e trespass was n6ental an mnmal+eses +eng unntentonal an s mtgate +y t.e nee to o so n orer to lowert.e le#els on t.e a66ess reser#e?

%&&% ()* ++, at +%+

-.ereore t.e eenant prays t.at t.e e6laratons an nCun6tons s.oul +e reuse an t.atonly nomnal amages s.oul +e aware or t.e allege trespass7

-.e eenant 6ontene t.at t.ere are two n6ents o trespass7 -.e rst n6ent o66urre+eore t.e plant +e6ame t.e regstere propretor o Lot 1*,0 as s.own n t.e sur#ey6onu6te n July 1>>1 :per &%A ate 25 July 1>>1>* :per &%20>1 an n June 1>>1 w.en t.e plant s6o#ere t.at t.e eenantwas 6uttng nto .s lan t.e plant on 10 June 1>>1 wrote to t.e eenant pontng out to t.e

eenant o t.e a6t t.at t.e eenant .a re6ently e86a#ate t.e .ll an t.e a66ess reser#ea+uttng .s lan w.6. n#ol#e 6uttng an e8tremely steep slope on t.e a66ess reser#e t.usepr#ng .m an a66ess t.roug. t.e a66ess reser#e7 !ll t.ese too3 pla6e +eore t.e plant+e6ame t.e regstere owner o lot 1*,07 !lt.oug. t.e plant entere nto a sale an pur6.aseagreement ate *0 Mar6. 1>>1 to +uy Lot 1*,0 .e +e6ame t.e regstere propretor only 2July 1>>17 ner 6l , o t.e sale an pur6.ase agreement t.e plant was enttle to #a6antpossesson o t.e lan as at t.e 6ompleton ate or su6. ot.er ate to +e agree n wrtng7

!lt.oug. t.e 6ompleton ate s not ene t o+#ously 6annot mean t.e ate t.e agreementwas entere nto7 It must relate to t.e tme t.e sale s 6omplete an .en6e t must at least mean


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t.e ate t.e memoranum o transer was presente w.6. wll +e t.e same ate t.e plant+e6ame regstere as t.e propretor7 -.e learne 6ounsel or t.e eenant argue t.at astrespass s n essen6e a remey or t.e nrngement o possesson an a66orngly to sue ntrespass a plant must .a#e +een n a6tual possesson at t.e tme o t.e nrngement7

-.ereore as t.e rst n6ent o66urre +eore t.e plant .a a6tual possesson o t.e lan t.eplant .a no stanng to sue n respe6t o t.e n6ent7 -.e 6ounsel 6te a passage n para 1%00* rom t.e art6le enttle ;nlawul Intereren6e Et. Lan; +y 'a# $l#n an Jonat.an Garas:1>>5< n support t.ereo7 Et. regar to t.e se6on n6ent .e 6ontene t.at t.e e#en6e ot.e plant;s sur#eyor :SP2< an t.e eenant;s sur#eyor :S'9< s t.at +etween 1>>1 an 1>>*t.e slope pre#ously 6ut n 1>>1 .a +een urt.er 6ut +ut t.ere was no urt.er en6roa6.ment.orFontally7 In ot.er wors w.ate#er orm o trespass t.at too3 pla6e at t.e en o 1>>* wasonly lmte to t.ose areas w.6. .a +een su+Ce6te to eart.wor3s n 1>>17 -.e slope wasurt.er trmme n orer to a66ommoate t.e appro#e le#el or t.e a66ess reser#e7

Et. ue respe6t I o not agree wt. su6. 6ontenton@

3) =rstly 6l *71 o t.e sale an pur6.ase agreement stpulates t.at t.e +alan6e o t.epur6.ase pr6e s.all +e pa wt.n t.ree mont.s or wt.n one mont. o t.e remo#alo t.e pr#ate 6a#eat w.6. ate s t.e later7 On t.e a6ts as agree t.e plantpa t.e +alan6e o t.e pur6.ase pr6e on 2> June 1>>17 -o my mn +ase onsoun log6 t.at a pur6.aser o t.e lan wll not pay t.e ull pur6.ase pr6e unlesst.e 6a#eat s remo#e t s rresst+le to ner t.at n t.e present 6ase

%&&% ()* ++, at +%%t.e 6a#eat must .a#e alreay +een remo#e +eore t.e plant pa t.e +alan6e ot.e pur6.ase pr6e7 Hen6e t.e later ate as en#sage n 6l *71 must +e ta3en tomean 2> June 1>>1 w.en t.e ull pur6.ase pr6e was pa to t.e #enor7 =urt.er ast.e agreement was entere on *0 Mar6. 1>>1 an t.e +alan6e o t.e pur6.asepr6e was pa on 2> June 1>>1 t s 6lear t.at t.e ull pur6.ase pr6e was tmeouslypa7 !n urt.er +y reason o t.e a6t t.at t.e plant pa t.e +alan6e o t.epur6.ase pr6e an t.e eenant re6e#e t on 2> June 1>>1 t s sae to6on6lue t.at t.e reDurements o 6ll 971 972 an 571 o t.e agreement .a +een

ullle earler t.at s to say t.e #enor .a g#en to t.e plant;s sol6tors a ulye8e6ute #al an regstra+le transer o Lot 1*,0 n ue orm n a#our o t.eplant7 -.e legal poston +etween #enor an pur6.aser s well settle n 3orneo4ousing (ortgage 5inance 3hd v Time Engineering 3hd(1>>,) 2 MLJ 12 w.eret.e =eeral 4ourt .el at p 2>@

In our #ew t.e 6ontra6tual e#ents w.6. result n t.e #enor +e6omnga +are trustee o t.e lan t.e su+Ce6t matter o t.e agreement o salean pur6.ase or t.e pur6.aser s on 6ompleton t.at s to say uponre6ept +y t.e #enor o t.e ull pur6.ase pr6e tmeously pa anw.en t.e #enor .as g#en t.e pur6.aser a uly e8e6ute #al anregstra+le transer o t.e lan n ue orm n a#our o t.e pur6.aseror t s t.en t.at t.e #enor #est .msel o .s nterest n t.e lan7

-.ereore +ase on t.s aut.orty as at 2> June 1>>1 t.e #enor was a +aretrustee an t.e plant +e6ame enttle to possesson o t.e lan n law? an +y 6l ,o t.e agreement t.e plant was 6ontra6tually enttle to #a6ant possesson on6ompleton o t.e sale? an .en6e t.e plant;s rg.t o entry a66rue on 2> June1>>17 &y t.e o6trne o relaton +a63 an owner w.o .as a rg.t to enter ma3esan entry on lan .s rg.t o possesson relate +a63 to t.e tme at w.6. .s rg.t o


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entry a66rue an .e may sue or a trespass 6ommtte +eore .s entry t.ewrongoer t.us +e6omng a trespasser +y relaton :see 4alsbury's )aws of England:9t. $< para 1*> an Cler" / )indsell on Torts:1t. $< p A50>1 :see

I3atan & p A>1 .e s6o#eret.at t.e eenant .a n t.e pro6ess o e8e6utng t.e e#elopment wor3se86a#ate a steep slope on t.e a66ess reser#e a+uttng .s lan an ot.erwseen6roa6.e an/or 6ut nto .s lan t.e part6ulars o w.6. are state t.eren7 -.eeenant n response to t.e allegaton +y paras 5% n t.e een6e not raseor allue to t.e ssue o possesson7 In 6onseDuen6e t.e plant .a no opportuntyto re+ut t.e ssue n t.e reply7 -.e

%&&% ()* ++, at +%,

eenant n para 2 o t.e een6e merely state t.at t.e plant was regstere ast.e propretor o t.e lan only on or a+out 2 July 1>>1 an n 6ross e8amnatont.e plant :SP1< was only as3e as to w.en .e +e6ame t.e regstere propretor ot.e lan7 -o my mn t.s s not a een6e to an a6ton or trespass +e6ausetrespass s essentally an ntereren6e wt. t.e possessory rg.ts an not owners.psn6e regstere owners.p oes not usually 6onnote legal possesson7 -.ereoreon t.e pleang as t stans an t.e e#en6e au6e n law an n t.e nterest o

Cust6e t.e eenant s.oul not +e allowe to su+mt on t.e ssue o possesson+eng repugnant to all t.e t.ree stuatons as en#sage n O 1A r A:1< o t.e Ruleso t.e Hg. 4ourt 1>A07 -.e proper een6e to trespass to lan s to enypossessory ttle o t.e plant w.6. must +e spe6ally pleae :see 3ullen and)ea"e and *acob's #recedents of #leadings 712t. $< at p 1*29


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longer ntereste n t.e a66ess t.roug. t.e a66ess reser#e uner t.e e8stng stateo t.e lan?

3ii) or nCun6ton :6>*) * MLJ *52 w.6. e6.oe .s earlerposton n Templeton v )ow ;at 4oldings .dn 3hd(1>>*) 1 MLJ 99* at p 959 w.ere .e sa@

In aoptng a res. approa6. I 6onser I must all +a63 on t.e +roa unamental prn6ples on t.eamages enun6ate +y Lor &la63+urn 112 years ago n )ivingstone v Rawyard Coal Co7777

In applyng t.s unamental prn6ple 'onalson LJ n t.e Dodd #roperties6ase aopte t.eprn6ple as ollows@

-.e general o+Ce6t unerlyng t.e rules or t.e assessment o amages s so ar as s poss+le +y meanso a monetary awar to pla6e t.e plant n t.e poston w.6. .e woul .a#e o66upe .e .a notsuere t.e wrong 6omplane o +e t.at wrong a tort or a +rea6. o 6ontra6t7 In t.e 6ase o a tort6ausng amage to real property t.s o+Ce6t s a6.e#e +y t.e appl6aton o one or ot.er o two Duteerent measures o amage or o66asonally a 6om+naton o t.e two7 -.e rst s to ta3e t.e 6aptal#alue o t.e property n an unamage state an to 6ompare t wt. ts #alue n amage state7 -.ese6on s to ta3e t.e 6ost o repar or renstatement7 E.6. s approprate wll epen on a num+er oa6tors su6. as t.e plant;s uture ntentons as to t.e use o t.e property an t.e reasona+leness ot.ose ntentons7 I .e reasona+ly ntens to sell t.e property n ts amage state 6learly t.e mnutonn 6aptal #alue s t.e true measure o amage7 I .e reasona+ly ntens to 6ontnue to o66upy t an torepar t.e amage 6learly t.e 6ost o repars s t.e true measure7 !n t.ere may +e n +etweenstuatons7

%&&% ()* ++, at +%

-.e Cugment o 'onalson LJ s a66epte +y t.e Malaysan Supreme 4ourt n)iew Choy 4ung v.hah :lam #roperties .dn 3hd(1>>) 2 MLJ *0> w.6. s a 6ase w.ere t.e 6ourt .a awareamages +ot. or 6osts o repar an mnuton n #alue as en#sage +y 'onalson LJ7


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-.e ollowng a6ts are pertnent or t.e purpose o assessment@

4i) t.e plant +oug.t t.e lan at RM52000 per a6re?

4ii) t.e lan was stll agr6ultural at t.e tme o t.e n6ents?

4iii) on 1 July 1>>2 t.e plant apple or 6on#erson to resental :re &%19 an &%15


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Page 1*

E.ere a eenant wt. a 6yn6al sregar or t.e plant;s rg.t .as 6al6ulate t.at t.e money +e maeout o .s wrongongs wll pro+a+ly e86ee t.e amages at rs3 t s ne6essary or t.e law to s.ow t.att 6annot +e +ro3en wt. mpunty7 -.s 6ategory s not 6onne to money ma3ng n t.e str6t sense7 Ite8tens to 6ases n w.6. t.e eenant s see3ng to gan at t.e e8penses o t.e plant some o+Ce6t %%per.aps some property w.6. .e 6o#ets %% w.6. .e et.er 6oul not o+tan at all or not o+tan e86ept at apr6e greater t.an .e wants to put own7

!n n Cheng 4ang 6uan v #erumahan 5arlim 7#enang8 .dn 3hd $gar Josep. Jr S4J reerreto t.e e8presson ;6al6ulate to ma3e a prot; t.us@

InCassel / Co v 3roome(1>2) 1 !ll $R A01 Lor Morrs e8plane t.e am+t o t.e e8presson;6al6ulate to ma3e a prot; use +y Lor 'e#ln n Roo"es v 3arnard7 -.s s .ow .e put t at p A9*@-.ere may +e e8emplary amages a eenant .as orme an +e gue +y t.e #ew t.at t.oug. .emay .a#e to pay some amages or 6ompensaton +e6ause o w.at .e ntens to o yet .e wll n someat gan :or t.e 6ategory s not 6onne to money ma3ng n t.e str6t sense< or may ma3e money out ot to an e8tent w.6. .e .opes an e8pe6ts wll +e wort. .s w.le7 I o not t.n3 t.at t.e wor3;6al6ulate; was use to enote some pre6se +alan6ng pro6ess7 -.e stuaton 6ontemplate s w.eresomeone a6es up to t.e poss+lty o .a#ng to pay amages or ong somet.ng w.6. may +e .el to.a#e +een wrong +ut w.ere ne#ert.eless .e el+erately 6arres out .s plan +e6ause .e t.n3s t.at t wllwor3 out satsa6torly or .m7

! torteasor s.oul not +e allowe to o+tan a +enet or pe6unary a#antage rom .swrongongs :(c6regor 0n Damages:15t. $< para 95,


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'e6em+er 1>>2 w.en t.e plant 6onu6te a se6on sur#ey :&%20< w.6. +y6omparson wt. .s rst sur#ey t.e slope .a n6rease +y anot.er 9>t an also nlengt. an ept.7 -.e trespass was t.ereore el+erate an ntentonal an 6arreout wt. a 6yn6al sregar or t.e plant;s rg.ts?

5b) -.e eenant;s 6onu6t was 6al6ulate to result n a prot7 SP5 teste t.at t.eeenant woul not lose any lan t.e slope was pla6e on t.e plant;s lan asone :&%2951


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2

I am persuae to ollow t.e 6ase o Templeton v )ow ;at 4oldings .dn 3hd w.ere t.e 6ourtaware e8emplary amages o a+out 25K o t.e 6ompensatory amages assesse7 -.ereoret.e e8emplary amages t.at s.oul +e aware n t.s 6ase s 25K o RM*7,m w.6. sRM>000007 In my #ew t.at amount s su6ent to puns. t.e eenant a e#eloper o a mult%mllon rnggt e#elopment7

-.ereore Cugment s .ere+y entere aganst t.e eenant wt. 6osts as ollows@

4) -o pay t.e plant @

1. RM*7,m as 6ompensatory amages?

1. %&&% ()* ++, at +%?

1. RM>00000 as e8emplary amages?

1. RM1,29A as spe6al amages73

4) =or tems :a< an :+


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yip shou shan v sin heap lee-marubeni sdn bhd

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