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Mastery Practice Paper 2 2011

SPM 2011 – PHYSICS A+ Page 2

TIPS FOR PAPER 2

Section B ( Essay ) Bahagian B ( Esei ) 1. To answer the question of definition of the terminologies, concepts, principles or Physics law

need to state in sentences. The answer in form of formula is not acceptable. Maksud bagi mana-mana istilah, konsep, prinsip atau hukum Fizik perlu dinyatakan dalam bentuk ayat.

Jawapan berbentuk rumus tidak diterima. 2. To answer the questions of comparison, state the similarities and differences between the given

diagrams. Untuk menjawab soalan Perbandingan, jawapan mesti merangkumi persamaan dan perbezaan dari rajah-rajah yang diberi.

3. Use diagrams or graphs whenever necessary to make the points clearer.

Rajah atau graf boleh disertakan untuk menjelaskan lagi jawapan..

4. Pay attention to the marks allocated. The marks usually indicate the number of points required. Beri perhatian kepada markah yang diperuntukkan untuk setiap soalan. Jumlah markah menunjukkan bilangan fakta jawapan yang diperlukan.

5. Answer in table form for suggested modifications. e.g

Bagi menjawab soalan cadangan pengubahsuaian, jawapan perlu dijadualkan.

Suggested modifications Cadangan pengubahsuian

Explanation Penerangan

……………………………. …………………………..

Section C ( Essay ) Section C ( Esei )

1. To answer question “explain the suitability of each characteristics and determine the most

suitable …. .”, detect 4 different characteristics from the given diagrams or table. The answer must be in table form. Bagi menjawab soalan “ Terangkan kesesuian setiap ciri dan pilih yang paling sesuai …..”. kenalpasti 4 ciri yang berbeza daripada rajah atau jadual yang diberi. Jawapan perlu dalam bentuk jadual.

Characteristic Explanation

. ….. is chosen because of …….(repeat all the characteristic)



PHYSICS CONCEPTS FOR PAPERS 2 AND 3

No. CONCEPTS MAGNITUDE MEANING

1 Acceleration Low / small Slow increase of velocity High / big Fast increase of velocity

2 Density Low / small Lighter / less compact High / large Heavier / more compact

3 Force constant Small Spring is soft / easy to stretch Large / big Spring is stiff / difficult to stretch

4 Specific Heat Capacity

Low / small Easily heated up , short time to heat up Need less heat to raise temperature

High / large

More difficult to heat up, takes more time to heat up Need more heat to raise temperature, use more fuel

5 Specific Latent Heat Low / small

Need less heat to melt / vaporise Time to melt / vaporise is shorter

High / large Need more heat to melt / vaporise Time to melt / vaporise is longer

6 Melting point / Freezing point

Low Melts at low temperature / Freezes at low temperature. Starts melting earlier / Starts freezing later

High Melts at higher temperature / Freezes at higher temperature. Starts melting latter / Starts freezing earlier

7 Boiling point

Low Starts boiling at lower temperature Starts boiling earlier Slower to begin condensation

High Starts boiling at higher temperature Starts boiling latter Faster to begin condensation

8 Refractive index Low / small Substance that refracts light less High / large Substance that refracts light more

9 Critical angle Small Easier for total internal reflection to occur Large / big Difficult for total internal reflection to occur

10 Power (of a lens) Low

Large / long focal length Refract light less

High Short focal length Refract light more

11 Focal length Short Higher power Large / long Lower power

12 Frequency (of electromagnet wave)

High Short wavelength High penetration power

13 Wavelength (for electromagnet wave)

Long / large Low frequency Low penetration power



14 Frequency (sound) High High pitch Short wavelength Spreads out less

15 Resistivity Low / small

Having lower resistance compared to wires of the same thickness and length.

High / large Having higher resistance compared to wires of the same thickness and length.

16 e.m.f. of cell Large / big Supply a larger current through the same resistance.

17 Power (of electrical device)

High / large Uses more energy per second

18 Voltage (working voltage of electrical device)

High Needs a smaller current to produce a fixed amount of power.

19 Range (of an ammeter) Big Can measure large current Usually has a lower sensitivity

20 Range (of a voltmeter) Big Can measure higher voltage Usually has a lower sensitivity

21 Half-life

Short Decays faster Reactivity decreases faster

Long Decays slowly Reactivity decreases slowly Radioactivity lasts longer

22 Rigidity Low

Changes shape easily when acted upon by external force

High Does not change shape easily when acted upon by external force

23 Strength Low Breaks easily / breaks under small external force High Difficult to break / Needs a large force to break

24 Surface tension Low Wet a surface (glass) easily High Does not wet a surface easily

25 Rate of rusting Low Does not rust easily / quickly High Rust easily / quickly



SECTION B QUESTION 1 TRIAL PERLIS



ANSWER’S EXAMPLE

(a) Mass is …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

(b)

- Mass of the lorry is ___________ than mass of the car. - The ability to speed ahead by the lorry is ____________ than the car. - Lorry ____________ to start moving from rest than the car. - The ____________ the mass of the vehicle, the ___________ it is vehicle to start

moving from rest. - The relevant concept is______________________

(c) (i) The __________ of the driver ____________ the forward motion when the car stops

suddenly. (ii) Wearing ________________________ Restrain the body of the driver from being __________________

It__________________ the forward movement of the driver when the car stop suddenly.

Lorry Car

Mass Mass of the lorry is _____________

Mass of the car is ______________

Ability to speed ahead

Takes__________ to speed ahead

___________ to speed ahead

Start moving from rest

_____________ to start moving from rest

______________ to start moving from rest



(d)

Design or way Explanation/reason

Acceleration

Shape

Structure

Buoyant force (uptrust)

Stability of the motion

Question 2 Diagram 9.1 shows a phenomenon of light on mirror P. Diagram 9.2 shows the same phenomenon of light on Q. CX is the radius of curvature and F is the focal point.

Diagram 9.1 Diagram 9.2

(a) (i) What is the meaning of focal point? [1 mark]

(ii) Observe Diagrams 9.1 and Diagram 9.2. Compare the curvature of mirrors, the focal length and the effect on the angle of reflection. State the relationship between the curvature of the mirrors and their focal lengths. [5 marks]



(b) Diagram 9.3 shows two cars, R and S , travelling in the opposite directions, passing through a sharp band. A mirror is placed at X .

Diagram 9.3

(i) Name the type of mirror at position X. [1 mark] (ii) Explain how the mirror is able to help the driver of R’s car to see car S.

[3 marks]

(c) As a scout, you intend to design a solar cooker that can be used to boil water using direct sun light. Suggest and explain how to build a solar cooker which can boil

water in shortest time, based on the following aspect:

(i) The type of a mirror used (ii) The position of the water container

(iii) The material used for the cooker compartment

(iv) The colour painted on the outside and inside of the solar cooker.

[10 marks]



Question 3

Diagram 10.1 and diagram 10.2 show the readings of two identical thermometers, one placed in a beaker containing 500g of water, and another in 500g of cooking oil which have been heated for 2 minutes. Both liquids are heated at the same rate of heat. The initial temperature for both liquids were 28 0C.

Diagram 10.1 Diagram 10.2 (a) (i) What is the meaning of specific heat capacity? [ 1 mark ]

(ii) Using Figures 10.1 and 10.2, compare the temperature, the rate of heat flow and specific heat capacity. Relate the specific heat capacity with the rise of temperature to deduce a physic concept. [ 5 marks ]

(b) In the day time, the wind blows from the sea to the land. Explain why this phenomenon

happens? [ 4 marks ]

(c) Diagram 10.3 shows the features of a car engine radiator that is used to absorb the heat from the car engine.

Cooling coil Fin blade Cooling liquid Fan Diagram 10.3 Using your knowledge on the features of cooling liquid and the design of the car engine radiator,

explain how you would design a radiator that can absorb a large quantity of heat in a short time. [ 10 marks ]



Question 4



Question 5 (a) Figure 9.1, Figure 9.2 and Figure 9.3 show a fisherman pulling out of the river. In Figure 9.1,

the fisherman finds it easy to pull up the fishing net while most of his catch is in the water, due to the buoyant force. However as more and more of the catch is out of the water it gets harder to pull up the net as shown in Figure 9.2 and 9.3.

(i) What is buoyant force?

[1 mark] (ii) Using Figures 9.1, 9.2 and 9.3, compare the mass of the catch as well as the volume of

the catch while still immersed in the water. Relating the amount of force required to lift the catch, the weight of water displaced and the buoyant force, deduce a relevant physics concept.

[5 marks]

(b) A hydrometer is used to measure the density of acid in a car battery. Using a suitable

physics principle, explain how the hydrometer works.

[4 marks]

(c) The manager of a carnival near your home seeks your advice on designing and handling a hot air balloon. The balloon should be able to; rise to about the height of a five-storey building, carry up to three people and can be brought down to the same spot after a certain time.

Explain your suggestion taking into account : (i) the materials and other equipment required (ii) safety aspects, (iii) the best times in a day to launch the balloon

[10 marks]

Figure 9.1 Figure 9.2 Figure 9.3



SECTION C Question 1

Diagram 12.1 shows a patient is being fed with medicine from an intravenous injection (IV) bottle. The medicine from the IV bottle is able to enter the patient’s vein due to the difference in pressure.

DIAGRAM 12.1

(a) State one factor that affect the pressure in liquid. [1 mark]

(b) Explain how the medicine flows from the IV bottle into the patient’s vein. [4 marks]

(c) Diagram 12.2 shows a water supply system. Water from a water storage tank is pumped to the water tank of a house in a housing estate.

DIAGRAM 12.2



Table 12 shows the specifications of four water storage tanks, P, Q, R and S, that can be used to store water in a housing estate.

Water storage tank

P Q R S

Material used Metal Concrete Concrete Metal

Density Low High Low Low

Shape

Height from the ground

Low High High Low

TABLE 12

You are required to determine the most suitable water storage tank. Study the specifications of all the four water storage tanks based on the following aspects :

- The material used - The density of the tank - The shape of the tank - The height of the tank from the ground

Explain the suitability of the aspects. [10 marks]

( d ) Diagram 12.3 shows a manometer with arms of different cross section. Liquid Y

of density 1 200 kg m-3 is poured into the manometer. The level of liquid Y is found to be

the same at both arms of the manometer.

DIAGRAM 12.4

DIAGRAM 12.3



i. Explain why the level of liquid Y in both arms of the manometer are equal. [2 marks]

ii. Diagram 12.4 shows the condition of liquids when another immiscible

liquid, X, is poured into the right arm of the manometer. Calculate the density of liquid X. [3 marks]

Question 2

Encik Adli will be taking part in a four-wheel drive expedition to Taman Negara. In the expedition, he will have to drive through a hilly and unpaved area, and to cross streams. Table 11 shows the characteristic of vehicles that can be used in the expedition,

Characteristics

Vehicles Mass / kg

Engine Capacity (cc) / cm3

Types of engine

Diameter of tyre / mm

P 3000 2000 Diesel 800

Q 1000 1500 Petrol 400

R 2000 2500 Diesel 600

S 1800 2000 Petrol 500

T 1500 2500 Petrol 500

Table 11 (a) What does mass mean ? [ 1 mark ]

(b) You are asked to investigate the characteristics of the four wheel drive that can be used in the expedition.

Based on the table as shown in Table 11;

(i) Explain the suitability of each characteristics of the vehicles in the table above (ii) Determine the most suitable vehicle to participate in the expedition.

[ 10 marks ]



Diagram 11 (c) Adli drives a car on a straight road. He starts from rest and reaches a velocity of 5

ms-1 after 20 s. Then, he maintain the speed for 30 s before he stop his car in 15s.

(i) Sketch the velocity – time graph to represent the motion of the car. [ 5 marks ] (ii) Based on the graph in (c) (i), calculate the distance traveled by the car. [ 2 marks ] (iii) What is the acceleration of the car? [ 2 marks ]

Question 3

When driver is travelling in a car on a hot and sunny day, he sees a pool of water appearing on the road due to total internal reflection.

(a) (i) What is meant by critical angle ? [1 mark ] (ii) Explain how the pool of water appearing on the road? [ 4 marks ]

b) An engineer choosed a glass with the refractive index , n = 1.6 as a core for optical fibre that he want to produce.

(i) Calculate the critical angle of the glass. [ 2 marks ]

Q

P

glass n = 1.6

Diagram 12

60o



(ii) Diagram 12 shows a part of light travel in a simple optical fibre. Complete the paths of the light ray in the diagram until it come out from the optical fibre. [ 3 marks ]

c) You are asked to investigate the characteristics of the material to produce

an optical fibre as in Diagram 12.

Type of materials Critical angle (o) Strength Flexibelity Diameter of fibre

P 42.86 Weak Flexible Thick

Q 38.40 Weak Inflexible Fine

R 30.85 Strong Inflexible Fine

S 24.41 Strong Flexible Fine

T 24.41 Strong Flexible Thick

Table 12 Based on the table above;

i) Explain the suitable characteristics of the material to produce an optical

fibre. ii) Decide which material is most suitable to produce an optical fibre. [ 10 marks ] Question 4



Question 5 (i) Diagram 11.1 shows the brake system of a car.

Diagram 11.1

(a) State the physics principle involved in the the operation of the brake system.

[1 mark]

(b) Exlplain how the system operates when the car needs to slow down. [4 marks]

(c) Table 11.2 shows the specifications of components that can be used in brake systems , P,Q,R,S andT..

Brake system

Specifications of components in a car brake system

Specific heat capacity of brake disc J kg-1 0 C-1

Melting point of brake disc

0 C

Compression of brake fluid

Hardness of brake pads

P 360 930 Difficult High

Q 2400 1220 Difficult Low

R 890 580 Easy High

S 2210 1940 Difficult High

T 1460 2070 Easy Low

Table 11.2

Based on Table 11.2 You are required to determine the most suitable brake system and explain the suitability of the aspects in Table 11.2 [10 markah]

Brake fluid

Brake pedal Brake pads

Brake disc



Diagram 11.3

(d) Diagram 11.3 shows a hydraulic system used to raise a load by a distance of X m. A force of 50 N is applied on piston A of cross –sectional area 2 cm2. Load is placed on piston B of cross –sectional area 15 cm2. (i) Calculate the force acting on piston B . (ii) Calculate the distance , X ,moved by piston B if the distance moved by piston A is 21 cm

[5 marks]

Liqu

Lo

X

Piston A

Piston B

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