sþg;dagb,brmasmrab; kargb;rmkñúgrkamangasnñ vibtþiruamér...

sþg;daGb,brmasMrab; karGb;rMkñúgRKamanGasnñ vibtþiruaMér: nig karsþarRKadMbUg

INEE

bNþajGnþrPñak;garsMrab;karGb;rMkñúgRKamanGasnñ ¬INEE¦ KWCabNþajsaklénCag100GgÁkar nig buKÁlsmaCikCag800nak; EdleFVIkarrYmKñaedIm,IFananUvsiT§iGb;rMkñúgRKamanGasnñnigkarsþareRkayvibtþi. bNþajenHTTYlxusRtUvRbmUlnigpSBVpSayBt’manGMBIkarGb;rMkñúgRKamanGasnñedayelIkMBs;siT§iGb;rM sMrab;RbCaCnEdlb:HBal;edayeRKaHGasnñ nigedayFananUvkarpøas;bþÚrBt’manCaRbcaMkñúgcMeNamsmaCik nigédKUrrbs;xøÜn. INEE dwknaMedayKN³km μaFikarnaykmYyEdlbc©úb,nñmantMNagmkBIGgÁkar CARE

USA KN³km μaFikarseRgÁaHGnþrCati sm<½n§PaBseRgÁaHkumarGnþrCati RkumRbwkSaCnePosxøÜnn½rev: UNESCO

UNHCR UNICEF nigFnaKarBiPBelak. sMrab;Bt’manbEnßm sUmTak;Tg INEE ³ tayry³ UNESCO ED/EPS 7 Place de Fontenoy 75007 Paris France [email protected] www.ineesite.org INEE © 2004 ISBN 1-58030-c34-0

rkSasiT§iRKb;y:ag. ÉksarenHRtUv)anrkSasiT§i b:uEnþGacpliteLIgvij)anedayviFINak¾edaysMrab;eKal bMNgGb;rM. karsMuGnuBaØatpøÚvkarRtUvTamTarCacaM)ac;sMrab;RKb;kareRbIR)as;EbbenH b:uEnþtamFmμtanwg RtUvpþl;CUnPøam. sMrab;karftcmøgenAkñúgkal³eTs³epSgeTot b¤sMrab;kareRbIR)as; eLIgvijenAkñúgkar e)aHBum<pSayepSgeTot b¤sMrab;karbkERbb¤EksMrYl RtUvEtsMusMbuRtGnuBaØatCamunBIm©as;kmμsiT§i. rUbftenARkbmux³ KN³km μaFikarseRgÁaHGnþrCati rcna nige)aHBum<eday³ DS Print/Redesing, London

matika esckþIepþIm

sþg;daGb,brmasMrab;karGb;rMkñúgRKamanGasnñ ..................................................................5

1> sþg;daGb,brmaEdlTUeTAsMrab;RKb;cMNat;fñak; ............................................................. 12 karcUlrYmrbs;shKmn_ ¬karcUlrYm nigFnFan¦...................................................................... 16 karviPaK ¬kar)a:n;RbmaN CMnYy karRtYtBinitünigvaytémø¦......................................................23 ]bsm<½n§1³ Rkbx½NÐvaytémø.................................................................................................35 ]bsm<½n§2³ karerobcMEpnkarkñúgeBlmanRKaGasnñ³ taragBinitüsMrab;viPaKsßankarN _................37 ]bsm<½n§3³ karRbmUlBt’man nigkar):an;RbmaNtMrUvkar........................................................... 41

2> karTTYlyk nigbrisßansikSa.........................................................................................49 ]bsm<½n§1³ taragBinitücitþsgÁm .............................................................................................66 ]bsm<½n§2³ taragBinitükmμviFIpþl;Gahartamsalaeron.............................................................68

3> karbeRgon nigkarsikSa ..................................................................................................73

4> RKUbeRgon nig buKÁlikGb;rMdéTTot ................................................................................89 ]bsm<½n§1³ RkmsIlFm’RKUbeRgon ..........................................................................................99

5> eKalneya)ayGb;rM nigkarsMrYlsMrYl........................................................................102

]bsm<½n§ ]bsm<½n§1³ vaküsBÞ ]bsm<½n§2³ Éksareyag nigmKÁúeTsn_FnFan ]bsm<½n§3³ GMNrKuN TMrg;karpþl;mti-eyabl;

sMrab;ÉksarbEnßmGMBITMrg; nigtaragBinitükar):an;RbmaN nigsMrab;karP¢ab;eTAnwgEsVrénFm μnuBaØmnusSFm’nig ÉksarEdlP¢ab; MSEE eTAnwgEsVrsþg;da nigkarENnaMGMBIkarGb;rMrbs; UNHCR sUmemIl http://www.ineesite.org/standads/msee.asp nig¼b¤emIl MSEE CD-ROM EdlmanenAeKhTMB½r INEE.

http://www.ineesite.org/standards/msee.asp

sþg;daGb,brmasMrab;karGb;rMkñúgRKamanGasnñ

sþg;daGb,brmasMrab;karGb;rMkñúgRKamanGasnñ ¬MSEE¦ KWCaesovePAENnaMRBmTaMgCakar sEmþgnUvkarebþCJacitþEdlbegáIttamry³dMeNIrkarshkard¾TUlMTUlay EdlEcgfabuKÁlRKb;rUb ek μg yuvv½y nigmnusSeBjv½y mansiT§iTTYl)ankarGb;rMkñúgRKamanGasnñ. esovePAenHKaMRT CMenO sñÚlénKeRmagEsVrEdlEcgfa³ RKb;CMhanEdlGaceFVI)anTaMgGs;KYrEtRbkan;ykedIm,Ilub bM)at;karQWcab;rbs;mnusSCatiEdlekItecjBIeRKaHmhnþray nigCemøaH ehIyRbCaCnEdlb:H Bal;edayeRKaHmhnþraymansiT§irs;enAedayesckþIéføfñÚr. TidæPaBTUeTA buKÁlRKb;rUbmansiT§iTTYl)ankarGb;rM. siT§ienHmanEcgenAkñúgGnusBaØanigÉksarGnþrCatinana rYmman karRbkasCasaklGMBIsiT§imnusS ¬1948¦ GnusBaØaEdlTak;TgnwgsßanPaBCnePosxøÜn ¬1951¦ GnusBaØaRkughSWúENv ¬IV¦ EdlTak;TgnwgkarkarBarCnsIuvileBlsRgÁam ktikarsBaØasþIGMBIsiT§ivb,Fm’ sgÁm nigesdækic© ¬1966¦ GnusBaØasþIBIsiT§ikumar ¬1989¦ nigRkbxNÐskm μPaBénevTikarGb;rMBiPB elakdaka ¬2000¦ EdlCMrujkarGb;rMsMrab;TaMgGs;Kña.

karGb;rMkñúgeBlmanGasnñ nigkñúgGMLúgeBlmanvibtþiruaMér: nigkarsþarRKadMbUg GacCYyCIvitRBmTaMgBnüar CIvit. vaGacseRgÁaHCIvitedaykarkarBarRbqaMgnwgkarekgRbv½Ba©nigeRKaHfñak; nigedaypSBVpSaysar seRgÁaHCIvitsMxan;²GMBIbBaðadUcCa suvtßiPaBRKab;mIn b¤karkarBarhIuv¼eGds_CaedIm. vaBnüarCIvit eday pþl;nUvrcnasm<½n§ esßrPaB nigkþIsgÇwmsMrab;GnaKtkñúgeBlkMBugmanvibtþi CaBiesssMrab;kumar nigekμg

sþg;daGb,brma sMrab;karGb;rM kñúgRKamanGasnñ

esckþIep þIm³

4


CMTg;. karGb;rMkñúgRKamanGasnñk¾CYyBüa)alkarQWcab;énbTBiesaFn_GaRkk; ksagCMnaj nigKaMRTkar edaHRsayCemøaH nigkarksagsnþiPaBpgEdr.

kñúgry³eBlb:unμanqñaMf μ I²enH mankarekIneLIgnUvkaryl;dwgGMBItMrUvkarénkmμviFIGb;rMkñúg nigeRkARbB½n§enA kñúgsßanPaBmanGasnñ. kumar yuvv½y nigmnusSeBjv½yrab;lannak;)anTTYlplRbeyaCn_BIkic©xitxMRbwg ERbgrbs;GaCJaFrGb;rM nigTIPñak;garmnusSFm’CatinigGnþrCatinana. enAeBlEdlkarGb;rMRtUv)anykcitþ Tukdak;kan;EtxøaMg bBaðasMxan;BIr)anelceLIg³

1> karTTYlsÁal;fa buKÁlTaMgLaymine)aHbg;ecalsiT§iTTYl)ankarGb;rMkñúgRKamanGasnñeT ehIykar Gb;rMminGacsßit‘enAeRkA’karBiPakSaGMBIbBaðamnusSFm’sMxan;²eT b:uEnþRtUvEtKitfaCaCMnYymnusSFm’ GaTiPaB nig

2> karb:unb:gnigkarebþCJacitþd¾TUlMTUlay edIm,IFananUvkMritGb,brmaénKuNPaB karTTYlyk nig KNenyüPaBsMrab;karGb;rMkñúgsßanPaBmanvibtþi.

CakareqøIytb enAqñaM2003RkumkargarmYyRtUv)anbegáItedIm,IsMrbsMrYlkarbegáItsþg;daGb,brmaskl sMrab;karGb;rMkñúgRKamanGasnñ. KMnitpþÜcepþImenHRtUv)anKaMRTenAkñúgbNþajGnþrPñak;garsMrab;kar Gb;rMkñúg RKamanGasnñ ¬INEE¦ EdlCabNþajebIkcMhénTIPñak;garG>s>b NGOs Gñkpþl;CMnYy GñkGnuvtþGñkRsav RCav nigbuKÁlmkBIRkumRbCaCnrgeRKaH EdleFVIkarrYmKñaedIm,IFananUvsiT§iGb;rMkñúgRKamanGasnñ nig karsþar eRkayvibtþi. bNþajenHTTYlxusRtUvRbmUlnigpSBVpSaykarGnuvtþn_l¥ ]bkrN_nigkarRsavRCavCMrujsiT§i sMrab;RbCaCnEdlb:HBal;edayeRKaHGasnñ tamry³karts‘UmtinigFana[mankarpøas;bþÚrBt’manCaRbcaM kñúgcMeNamsmaCiknigédKUrrbs;xøÜn. INEE k¾EsVgrkcenøaHRbehagpgEdrenAkñúgFnFannigCMruj[man karbegáItFnFanTaMgenHtamry³RkumkargarEdlerobcMedayGgÁkarsmaCik INEE.

sþg;daGb,brmasaklTaMgenHRtUv)anbgðajenAkñúgesovePAENnaMenH EdlCalT§pléndMeNIrkarBieRKaH eyabl;d¾TUlMTUlayedIm,IbegáItsþg;daGb,brmasMrab;karGb;rMkñúgRKamanGasnñ. cab;taMgBIqñaM 2003 edayeFVIkarCamYyTIPñak;garBak;B½n§d¾eRcIn Rkumkargar INEE GMBIsþg;daGb,brmasMrab;karGb;rMkñúgRKa manGasnñ ¬WGMSEE ¦ )ansMrbsMrYlkarbegáItsþg;da sUcnakrnigkMNt;sMKal;ENnaM EdlEcgGMBIkMrit Gb,brmaénkarpþl;nigTTYlykkarGb;rMkñúgRKamanGasnñrhUtdl;dMNak;kaldMbUgénkarsþareLIgvij. smasFatusMxan;éndMeNIrkarénkarbegáItenH KWkarBieRKaHeyabl;fñak;tMbn; GnutMbn; nigfñak;Cati

5


karpþl;eyabl;tamry³bNþajsareGLicRtUnicrbs; INEE nigdMeNIrkarCYyBinitüedayshesvik. Bt’manEdl)anRbmUlBICMhannimYy² RtUv)aneRbIsMrab;CMhanbnÞab;éndMeNIrkar.

mnusSCag2250nak;mkBICag50RbeTs )anrYmcMENkcMeBaHdMeNIkarbegáItsþg;daGb,brmaTaMgenH. rvagExmkranigmina qñaM2004 WGMSEE )ansMrbsMrYlkarBieRKaHeyabl;fñak;tMbn;bYnenAGaRhVik GasIu GaemrikLaTIn nigmCÄimbUBa’nigGWr:ub. RbtiPU137nak; EdlcUlrYmkñúgkarBieRKaHeyabl;TaMgenH rYmman tMNagmkBIRkumRbCaCnrgeRKaH NGOs Cati nigGnþrCati rdæaPi)al nigTIPñak;garG>s>benA 51 RbeTs. munkarBieRKaHeyabl;fñak;tMbn;TaMgenH RbtiPUnigsmaCik INEE)ansMrbsMrYlkarBieRKaHeyabl;fñak; GnutMbn; nigfñak;Cati Cag110elIkenA47RbeTs edayRbmUlmtieyabl;nigBt’manBItMNag G>s>b rdæaPi)al nig NGOs TIPñak;garpþl;CMnYy GñksikSa nigtMNagCag1>900nak;mkBIshKmn_rgeRKaH rYmman sisSnigbuKÁlikGb;rMdéTeTot. RbtiPUénkic©BieRKaHeyabl;fñak;tMbn; BiPakSasþg;dasUcnakr nigkMNt; sMKal;ENnaMEdl)anbegáItenAkñúgkarBieRKaHeyabl;fñak;mUldæannigfñak;Cati RBmTaMgcemøIyCag 100 Edl )anmkBIbNþajsareGLicRtUnic INEE edIm,IbegáItsþg;daGb,brmafñak;tMbn;. dMeNIrkarCYyBinitü edayshesvikEdleFVIeLIgenArdUvekþAqñaM2004 mankarcUlrYmBIGñkCMnajCag40rUbEdl)anviPaK nigsMrYlsþg;dafñak;tMbn;[eTACasMNMusþg;daskl.

sþg;daGb,brmaEdl)anmkTaMgenHKWEp¥kelIGnusBaØasþIBIsiT§ikumar ¬CRC ¦ Rkbx½NÐkarGb;rMTaMgGs; Kñadaka ¬EFA¦ eKaledAGPivDÆn__shsSvtSénG>s>b ¬MDG¦ nigFm μnuBaØmnusSFm’énKeRmagEsVr. CRC EFA nig MDG EcgGMBIsiT§iTTYl)ankarGb;rMRbkbedayKuNPaBsMrab;TaMgGs;Kña rYmTaMgCnEdl b:HBal;edayeRKaHGasnñ. esovePAENnaMenHKWCa]bkrN_sMrab;eRbIedIm,IsMerckMritGb,brmaénkarpþl;nig TTYlykkarGb;rMedIm,IbMeBjsiT§ienH.

Fm μnuBaØmnusSFm’énKeRmagEsVr nigsþg;daGb,brmakñúgCMnYyeRKaHGasnñEdl)anbegáItenAqñaM1997eday NGOs mnusSFm’mYyRkumnigclnakak)aTRkhmnigGDÆc½nÞRkhm EcgGMBIGVIEdlRbCaCnb:HBal;eday eRKaHGasnñmansiT§icg;)anCMnYymnusSFm’. esovePAENnaMEsVr rYmmanFmμnuBaØmnusSFm’Ep¥kelI eKalkarN_nigmaRtaénc,ab;mnusSFm’GnþrCati c,ab;siT§imnusSGnþrCati c,ab;CnePosxøÜn nigRkmGnuvtþ sMrab;clna kak)aTRkhmnigGDÆc½nÞRkhm nigGgÁkareRkArdæaPi)al ¬NGOs¦ enAkñúgCMnYyeRKaHGasnñ. Fm μnuBaØenHerobrab;GMBIeKalkarN_sñÚlEdlRKb;RKgskmμPaBmnusSFm’nigbBa¢ak;eLIgvijGMBIsiT§irs;enA edayéføfñÚrrbs;RbCaCnEdlb:HBal;edayeRKaHGasnñ. Fm μnuBaØenHbBa¢ak;BIkarTTYlxusRtUvpøÚvc,ab;rbs; rdænigPaKI sRgÁam edIm,IFananUvsiT§ikñúgkarTTYl)ankarkarBarnigCMnYy]btßmÖ. enAeBlGaCJaFrBak;B½n§

6


minGac nig¼b¤ minmanqnÞ³bMeBjkarTTYlxusRtUvrbs;BYkeK BYkeKRtUvEtmankatBVkic©[GgÁkarmnusSFm’ pþl;karkarBar nigCMnYy]btßmÖEpñkmnusSFm’.

enAeBlNaRtUveRbIsþg;daGb,brma

sþg;daGb,brmasMrab;karGb;rMkñúgRKamanGasnñ ¬MSEE ¦ RtUv)anbegáIteLIgsMrab;eRbIkñúgCMnYyeRKaH Gasnñ ehIyGacmanplRbeyaCn_pgEdrkñúgkareRtomkarBareRKaHGasnñ nigkarts‘UmtiEpñkmnusSFm’. sþg;daTaMgenHGaceRbI)ankñúgsßanPaBeRcIn rYmTaMgeRKaHFmμCatinigCemøaHRbdab;GavuF. enAkñúgesovePA ENnaMenH‘eRKaHGasnñ’RtUv)aneRbICaBaküTUeTACMnYs[eRKaHGasnñBIrRbePTFM²³ ‘eRKaHFm μCati’ nig ‘eRKaHGasnñsμ úRKsμaj’ Edlmann½ydUcxageRkam.1

eRKaHFm μCati rYmmanxül;BüúH karrBa¢ÜyEpndI karraMgs¶Üt nigTwkCMnn;.l. eRKaHFmμCatixøH dUcCakar rBa¢ÜyEpndICaedIm GacekIteLIgedayminmankarRBman ehIymanplb:HBal;xøaMgdl;RbCaCnEdlrs; enAtMbn;enaH. eRKaHFm μCatiepSgeTot dUcCakarraMgs¶Üt GacekIteLIgyWtCag b:uEnþmanplb:HBal; bMpøajes μ IKña.

eRKaHGasnñsμ úRKsμaj KWCasßanPaBEdlbegáIteLIgedaymnusS ehIyCaerOy²bgáredayCemøaH b¤kar claclsIuvil EdlGaceFVI[kan;EtF¶n;F¶redayeRKaHFm μCati. kñúgkal³eTs³EbbenH CIvit suvtßiPaB suxmalPaB nigesckþIéføfñÚrénRbCaCnrgeRKaHRtUv)anbMpøajedayktþavibtþiepSg²dUcCaeRKaHFmμCati nigeRKaHEdlbgáredaymnusS nigCemøaHRbdab;GavuF.

Bt’manEdlmanenAkñúgesovePAENnaMenHminmanlkçN³bgÁab;bBa¢aeT. sþg;daGb,brmaTaMgenHRtUv)an begáItedayGñkBak;B½n§mkBIkMritepSg²Kña ¬]TahrN_ RKYsar nigshKmn_ GaCJaFrmUldæan mRnþIRksYgTI Pñak;garpþl;CMnYy GñkGnuvtþ.l.¦ ehIy)anvivtþn_ecjBIbrisßaneRKaHGasnñnigkarsþarRKadMbUgBaseBj BiPBelak. sþg;daTaMgenH pþl;nUvkarENnaMGMBIviFIEdlrdæaPi)alfñak;Cati GaCJaFrepSgeTot TIPñak;garCati nigGnþrCati GaceqøIytbnigbegáItkm μviFIGb;rMkñúgsßanPaBmanGasnñ. sþg;daTaMgenHRtUv)anbegáItsMrab; eRbIedayshKmn_ rdæaPi)al GaCJaFrepSgeTot nigbuKÁlikmnusSFm’ edIm,IbMeBjtMrUvkarkarGb;rMdUcEdl kMNt;edayRbCaCnrgeRKaH.

1 niymn½ysMrYlBI sm<½n§PaBseRgÁaHkumarGnþrCati qñaM2001.

7


tarageBlevla

tarageBlevlaEdlsþg;daGb,brmaTaMgenHRtUv)aneRbIPaKeRcInGaRs½yelIbribT. sþg;daTaMgenHGac eRbIkñúgsßanPaBeRKaHGasnñeRcInRbePT BIdMNak;kalCMnYybnÞan;dMbUgeTAdMNak;kaldMbUgénkarsþareLIg vijehIyGaceRbI)anedayTIPñak;gareRcInRbePT. sUcnakrenAkñúgesovePAENnaMenHminGaceRbI)anTUeTA sMrab;RKb;sßanPaBb¤edayRKb;GñkeRbIR)as;enaHeT. vaGaceRbIeBlrab;s)aþh_ rab;Ex b¤rab;qñaMedIm,I sMerc sþg;danigsUcnakrxøH. kñúgkrNIxøH sþg;daGb,brmanigsUcnakrGacRtUv)ansMercedayminRtUvkarCMnYyBI xageRkA. kñúgkrNIxøHeTotvaGaccaM)ac;sMrab;GaCJaFrGb;rMnigTIPñak;garshkarKñaedIm,IsMercsþg;danig sUcnakrTaMgenH. enAeBlGnuvtþsþg;danigsUcnakrTaMgenH vamansar³sMxan;EdltYGgÁBak;B½n§TaMgGs; yl;RBmelItarageBlevlamYysMrab;GnuvtþnigsMerclT§pl.

viFIeRbIsþg;daGb,brma

manesovePAENnaMnig]bkrN_CaeRcInEdlbegáItedayTIPñak;garGnþrCatinana nig NGOs Edlpþl;kar ENnaMCak;Esþgdl;buKÁlikGb;rMkñúgRKamanGasnñnigkarsþarRKadMbUg EdlTak;TgnwgTidæPaBepSg²én skmμPaBsikSanigcitþsaRsþ-sgÁm. GgÁkarTaMgenH RBmTaMgRksYgGb;rMnigmRnþIGb;rMdéTeTot)anbegáIt mKÁúeTsn_ nigeKalneya)aysþIGMBIkarbegáItnigrkSakmμviFIGb;rMRbkbedayKuNPaB. esovePAENnaMenH minpþl;karbriyayBisþarGMBIyuT§saRsþnigkmμviFIsMrab;begáItnigGnuvtþenAshKmn_eT. b:uEnþvapþl;sMNMu énsþg;daGb,brma sUcnakrsMxan;²nigkMNt;sMKal;ENnaMGMBIskmμPaBmnusSFm’enAkñúgbribTGb;rMBIkar begáItkm μviFIGb;rMsMrab;karGnuvtþn_ nigbnþkmμviFIRBmTaMgkarKaMRTBIshKmn_nigrdæaPi)al. sþg;daGb,brma RtUv)anbgðajCaR)aMcMNat;fñak; dUcteTA³

sþg;daGb,brmaTUeTAsMrab;RKb;cMNat;fñak;³ EpñkenHepþateTAelIcMnucsMxan;²énkarcUlrYmrbs; shKmn_nigkareRbIR)as;FnFankñúgtMbn;enAeBlGnuvtþsþg;daEdlmanenAkñúgesovePAENnaMenH RBmTaMgFanafaCMnYyGb;rMkñúgRKamanGasnñKWEp¥kelIkar):an;RbmaNdMbUgEdlmanCMnYysmRsb nigkarRtYtBinitünigvaytémøCabnþbnÞab;.

karTTYlyknigGKar¼brisßansikSa³ epþatelIPaBCaédKUedIm,IbegáIn»kassikSanigTMnak;TMng Gnþrvis½yCamYy ]TahrN_ suxPaB Twk nigGnam½y CMnYyes,óg¼GaharUbtßmÖ nigCRmk edIm,IBRgwgsnþisux nigsuxmalPaBEpñkcitþsaRsþ EpñkbBaØa nigragkay.

8


karbeRgonnigeron³ epþatelIsmasFatusMxan;²EdlCMrujkarbeRgon nigkareronmanRbsiT§iPaB³ ¬1¦> km μviFIsikSa ¬2¦> karbNþúHbNþal ¬3¦> karbeRgon ¬4¦> karvaytémø .

RKYnigbuKÁlikGb;rMdéTeTot³ epþatelIrdæaPi)alnigkarRKb;RKgFnFanmnusSkñúgvis½yGb;rM rYmman kareRCIserIsbuKÁlik lkçxNÐesvakm μ nigkarRtYtBinitünigkarKaMRT. nig

eKalneya)ayGb;rMnigkarsMrbsMrYl³ epþatelIkarbegáIt nigGnum½teKalneya)ay kareFVIEpnkar nig karGnuvtþn_nigkarsMrbsMrYl.

PaBxusKñarvagsþg;da nigsUcnakr

sþg;daGb,brmaKWEp¥kelIeKalkarN_EdlEcgfaRbCaCnrgeRKaHmansiT§irs;enAedayéføfñÚr. sþg;daTaMgenH EcgGMBIkMritGb,brmaénkarpþl;nigTTYlykkarGb;rMEdlnwgRtUvsMerckñúgsßanPaBCMnYymnusSFm’. sþg;da TaMgenHmanlkçN³KuNvis½yCaFmμCatinigGaccat;TukCaskl nigGacykeTAeRbIR)as;)anRKb; kal³eTs³. sUcnakrsMxan;²sMrab;sþg;danimYy²KWCasBaØaEdlbgðajfasþg;daRtUv)ansMercb¤eT. sUcnakredIrtYCa]bkrN_sMrab;vas;nigbgðajplb:HBal;¬b¤lT§pl¦ énkmμviFIRBmTaMgdMeNIrkar ¬b¤viFIsaRsþ¦ EdleRbIeTaHCaEpñkKuNPaBb¤brimaNkþI. K μansUcnakrsMxan;² sþg;daGb,brma nwgkøayCaesckþIRbkaskñugbMNgl¥EtBi)akykeTAGnuvtþ. kMNt;sMKal;ENnaMkñúgCMBUknimYy²Tak;Tgnwg cMnucCak;lak;EdlKYrEtBicarNa enAeBlGnuvtþ sþg;da enAkñúgsßanPaBepSg²Kña. kMNt;sMKal;ENnaM pþl;eyabl;GMBIbBaðaGaTiPaBnigkaredaHRsaykarlM)akCak;EsþgehIyGacerobrab;GMBICMerIsBi)ak PaB cMrUgcMras;b¤cenøaHRbehagenAkñúgcMeNHdwgbc©úb,nñ. kMNt;sMKal;ENnaMTak;TgnwgsUcnakrsMxan;² Cak;lak; ehIyTMnak;TMngTaMgenaHmanbgðajenAkñúgGtßbTenH. sUcnakrsMxan;²KYrEtGacGanCamYynwgkMNt; sMKal;ENnaMEdlBak;B½n§.

vamansar³sMxan;kñúgkarcgcaMfa RKb;EpñkTaMgGs;suT§EtTak;TgKñaehIyCaerOy²sþg;daEdlerobrab;kñúg EpñkmYyRtUvEtGanCamYysþg;daEdlerobrab;kñúgEpñkdéTeTot. enAeBlsmRsbkMNt;sMKal;ENnaMbgðaj TMnak;TMngeTAnwgsþg;da sUcnakrb¤kMNt;sMKal;ENnaMBak;B½n§epSgeTot.

bBaðarYm

9


kñúgkarbegáItsþg;daGb,brma eyIgmankarRbugRby½tñkñúgkarBiPakSabBaðasMxan;²mYycMnYn. bBaðaTaMgenH Tak;TgnwgsiT§imnusSnigsiT§ikumar eynD½r siT§ikarcUlrYm hIuv¼eGds_ BikarPaB nigPaBgayrgeRKaH. smasFatuTaMgenH RtUv)anbBa©ÚleTAkñúgsþg;daEdlBak;B½n§ CaCagerobrab;enAkñúgEpñkedayELkmYy.

visalPaB nigRBMEdn

sþg;dasMrab;EpñkepSg²KñaminsßitenAEtÉgeT³ KWvaTak;TgKñaeTAvijeTAmk. eTaHCay:agenHkþIvamankar RbTajRbTg;edayeCosminrYcrvagkarbegáItsþg;dasaklniglT§PaBGnuvtþsþg;daTaMgenHCak;Esþg. RKb; bribTTaMgGs;manlkçN³epSgKña. sMrab;ehtuplenH dMeNIrkarGPivDÆCasaklEdleRbIedIm,IbegáItsþg;da TaMgenH)anFananUvkarcUlrYmd¾TUlMTUlayénbuKÁlikmnusSFm’ GñkGb;rM rdæaPi)al GaCJaFrGb;rM tYGgÁ sgÁmsIuvil nigRbCaCnrgeRKaHmkBIRbeTsnigtMbn;epSg².

kñúgkrNIxøH ktþatMbn;GaceFVI[karGnuvtþn_sþg;daGb,brmanigsUcnakrsMxan;²minGacsMerc)an. enAeBl krNIenHekIteLIg cenøaHrvagsþg;danigtaragsUcnakrenAkñúgesovePAENnaMenH EdlsMerc)ankñúgkar Gnuvtþn_Cak;EsþgRtUvEt)anbriyayehIymUlehtusMrab;cenøaHRbehagenHnigGVIEdlRtUvEkERbedIm,IeFVI[ sMercsþg;daTaMgenHRtUvEtBnül;[)anc,as;.

sþg;daGb,brmanigEsVrFmμnuBaØmnusSFm’nwgminedaHRsayRKb;bBaðaEdleqøIytbeTAnwgkarGb;rMeT. eTaHy:agenHkþIsþg;danigFm μnuBaØenHpþl;nUv]bkrN_mYysMrab;TIPñak;garmnusSFm’ rdæaPi)al nig RbCaCn kñúgtMbn; begáInRbsiT§iPaBnigKuNPaBénCMnYyxagEpñkGb;rMrbs;BYkeK ehIydUecñHedIm,IeFVIkarpøas;bþÚr d¾sMxan;mYyenAkñúgCIvPaBénRbCaCnEdlb:HBal;edayeRKaHmhnþray.

10

sþg;daGb,brmaEdlTUeTAsMrab;RKb;cMNat;fñak;

esckþIepþIm

EpñkenHbriyayBisþardMeNIrkarsñÚl6Edlmansar³sMxan;sMrab;sþg;dadéTeTotkñúgesovePAENnaM enH. sþg;daTaMgenHKW³ ¬1¦ karcUlrYmrbs;shKmn_ ¬2¦FnFankñúgmUldæan ¬3¦kar):an; RbmaNdMbUg ¬4¦yuT§saRsþCMnYy ¬5¦karRtYtBinitü nig ¬6¦karvaytémø. sþg;daTaMgenH RtUv )anbgðajCaBIrRkumtUc² eRkamcMNgeCIg karcUlrYmrbs;shKmn_ ¬karcUlrYm nigFnFan¦ nig karviPaK ¬kar):an;RbmaN CMnYy karRtYtBinitünigvaytémø¦. edayGnuvtþsþg;daEdlerobrab;enA TIenH tYGgÁmnusSFm’ nigsmaCikshKmn_nwgKaMRTkarsMercsþg;daTaMgenHenAEpñkkarTTYlyk nigbrisßansikSa karbeRgonnigkarsikSa RKUnigbuKÁliksikSadéTeTot nigeKalneya)ayGb;rM nig karsMrbsMrYl.

TMnak;TMngeTAnwg]bkrN_pøÚvc,ab;CaGnþrCati

buKÁlmñak;²mansiT§irs;enAedayéføfñÚr nigTTYl)ankareKarBsiT§imnusSrbs;BYkeK rYmTaMgsiT§iGb;rM. TIPñak; garmnusSFm’mankarTTYlxusRtUvpþl;CMnYykñúglkçN³EdlsmRsbnwgsiT§imnusSrYmTaMgsiT§icUlrYmkarmin erIseGIgnigkarTTYlBt’man dUcEdlqøúHbBa©aMgenAkñúgGtßbTsiT§imnusSGnþrCati nigc,ab;mnusSFm’ nig Cn ePosxøÜn. enAkñúgFm μnuBaØénKeRmagEsVr nigRkmGnuvtþénclnakak)aTRkhmnigGDÆc½nÞRkhmGnþrCati nigGgÁkareRkArdæaPi)alkñúgCMnYyeRKaHGasnñ TIPñak;garmnusSFm’RtUvEtTTYlxusRtUvcMeBaHGñkEdlBYkeK BüayamCYy. sþg;daTUeTAbBa¢ak;GMBIkarTTYlxusRtUvrbs;GgÁkar nigbuKÁlnanaenAeBlpþl;CMnYyGb;rM.

1> sþg;daGb,brma EdlTUeTAsMrab; RKb;cMNat;fñak;

11


12

sar³sMxan;énsþg;daTUeTAsMrab;RKb;cMNat;fñak;

vamansar³sMxan;EdlEpñkEdlTak;TgnwgkarcUlrYmrbs;shKmn_nigkarviPaKRtUvGanTukCamun muneBl GanEpñkbec©keTsBak;B½n§BIeRBaHsþg;daEdlbgðajenATIenHKWCaRbB½n§rYmmYyEdlmansþg;daGb,brma TaMgGs;. karRbmUlnigkarviPaKTinñn½yGb;rMmansar³sMxan;RKb;dMNak;kalTaMgGs;éneRKaHGasnñ. enA dMNak;kalcab;epþIménvibtþi FnFan tMrUvkar nigcenøaHRbehagRtUvEtkMNt;edIm,IbegáItkmμviFInigeRbIR)as; FnFan[smRsb.

km μviFIGb;rMkñúgRKamanGasnñmanRbsiT§iPaBEdlbMeBjtMrUvkarénRbCaCnEdlb:HBal;edayeRKaHGasnñ RtUvEtEp¥kelIkaryl;bribTc,as;las;. kar)a:n;RbmaNdMbUg viPaKlkçN³éneRKaHGasnñ nigplb:H Bal;rbs;vamkelIRbCaCn. smtßPaBénRbCaCnrgeRKaHnigFnFankñúgmUldæanEdlmanRtUvEtkMNt;enA eBlCamYykar):an;RbmaNtMrUvkar nigPaBgayrgeRKaHrbs;BYkeK nigcenøaHRbehagNamYyenAkñúgesva km μsMxan;². edIm,IFananUvRbsiT§iPaBénkmμviFI kar):an;RbmaNkarGb;rMkñúgRKamanGasnñRtUvEtrYmbBa©Úlkar cUlrYmminRtwmEtBIshKmn_Edlb:HBal;edayeRKaHGasnñeT b:uEnþEfmTaMgrdæaPi)almUldæannigTIPñak;gar mnusSFm’EdleFVIkarelIbBaðaGb;rM nigminEmnGb;rMeTotpg. kar):an;RbmaNRtUvEtBicarNakarGb;rMkñúg nig eRkARbB½n§sMrab;RKb;EpñkTaMgGs;énRbCaCnpgEdr. karGb;rMminGacBicarNadac;edayELkBIvis½yepSg eTot b¤BIesdækic© CMenOsasnanigRbéBNI karGnuvtþn_kñúgsgÁm ktþaneya)ay nigsnþisux ynþkarRbQm mux b¤karBüakrN_karGPivDÆn_GnaKt)aneT. karviPaKmUlehtunigplb:HBal;éneRKaHGasnñmansar³ sMxan;. ebIbBaðaminRtUv)ankMNt; nigyl;RtwmRtUv vanwgBi)ak¬RbsinCaminGac¦ eqøIytbedaysmRsb.

CMnYyGaRs½yeTAelIktþamYycMnYn rYmmansmtßPaB CMnaj ]bsKÁfvika karsÁal;tMbn; b¤sßankarN_ rbs; TIPñak;garmnusSFm’ nighniP½yEpñksnþisuxsMrab;buKÁliknigGñksikSa. sþg;daCMnYyEdlbriyayenATIenH RtUv)anbegáItedIm,IbBa¢ak; {nrNaeFVIGVIenAeBlNa}. enAeBlCMnYysmRsbRtUv)ankMNt;ynþkarsMrab; kMNt;eKaledA KYrEtbegáItedIm,I[TIPñak;garGacpþl;CMnYyedayesμ IPaBnigedayK μankarerIseGIgEdlsm RsbtamtMrUvkar.

RbB½n§RtYtBinitüedIm,IRbmUlnigviPaKBt’man KYrEtbegáItkñúgdMNak;kaldMbUgéndMeNIrkaredIm,Ivas;CaRbcaMnUv karvivtþn_CamYyeKalbMNgnigedIm,IBinitüemIlPaBTak;TgénkmμviFIenAkñúgbribTénkarvivtþn_. karvaytémø EdlGaceFVIkñúgkMLúgeBlb¤eBlbBa©b;CMnYy KYrEteFVICaRbcaMeTogTat;GaRs½yelIry³eBlénkmμviFInigKYr EtkMNt;RbsiT§iPaBTUeTAénkm μviFI edayEsVgrkemeron¼bTBiesaFn_EdlGacEklMGkmμviFIRsedogKñaenA


13

eBlGnaKt. TIPñak;garBak;B½n§nigGñksikSaKYrEtcUlrYmy:agskm μkñúgdMeNIrkarvaytémø. dMeNIrkarmatika niglT§plénkarRtYtBinitünigvaytémø KYrEtmantmøaPaB nigpSBVpSayy:agTUlMTUlaydl;GñkTTYlpl nigTIPñak;garBak;B½n§déTeTot edaymineFVI[b:HBal;dl;snþisuxGñkEdlBak;B½n§. kñúgsßanPaBxøHBt’manman lkçN³resIbEpñkneya)ay b¤vb,Fm’ sgÁm dUecñHBt’mannigTinñn½yEdlRbmUl)anRtUvEtcat;Ecgeday Rby½tñRbEyg.

km μviFIGb;rMkñúgRKamanGasnñEdlmanRbsiT§iPaBKWEp¥kelIkaryl;lm¥itGMBIshKmn_Edlb:HBal;edayvibtþi nigkarcUlrYmd¾skmμrbs;shKmn_enAkñúgkarbegáItkm μviFI. Bakü {karcUlrYmrbs;shKmn_} sMedAelITaMg dMeNIrkarnigskm μPaBEdlGnuBaØat[smaCikénRkumCnrgeRKaHbeBa©jmti edaypþl;siT§iGMNacdl;BYkeK cUlrYmkñúgdMeNIrkarsMerccitþnigeFVI[BYkeKbeBa©jskm μPaBedaypÞal;elIbBaðaGb;rM. mankMriténkar cUlrYmepSgKña³ karcUlrYmEbbnimitþrUb karBieRKaHeyabl; nigkarcUlrYmeBjelj. eTaHbIkarcUlrYmeBj eljEtgEtBi)aksMercenAkñúgkal³eTs³RKaGasnñk¾eday k¾karBieRKaHeyabl;KWCaeKaledAGb,brma sMrab;karGb;rMkñúgRKamanGasnñ ehIykarcUlrYmeBjeljBICnrgeRKaHTaMgGs;KWCaeKalbMNg.

bTBiesaFn_)anbgðajfakarcUlrYmEbbnimitþrUbKWCa»kasxatbg;mYyehIyK μanRbsiT§iPaBkñúgkarpþl;kmμviFI EdlmanKuNPaBnigsßitesßr. karcUlrYmrbs;smaCikshKmn_Edlb:HBal;edayeRKaHGasnñ rYmTaMgRkum EdlgayrgeRKaH enAkñúgkar):an;RbmaN kareFVIEpnkar karGnuvtþn_ karRKb;RKg nigkarRtYtBinitüCMnYy KYr EtmankMritGtibrimaedIm,IFananUvPaBsmRsb RbsiT§iPaB nigKuNPaBénCMnYyeRKaHGasnñ. karcUlrYmd¾ skmμrbs;shKmn_eFVI[gayRsYldl;karkMNt;bBaðaGb;rMtamshKmn_nimYy² nigyuT§saRsþEdlman RbsiT§iPaBsMrab;edaHRsaybBaðaTaMgenH. elIsBIenH karcUlrYmrbs;shKmn_edIrtYCayuT§saRsþmYyedIm,I EsVgrknigRbmUlFnFanmUldæanenAkñúgshKmn_ RBmTaMgbegáItkaryl;RsbrYmnwgkarKaMRTsMrab;km μviFI Gb;rM. karcUlrYmrbs;shKmn_RtUvEtrYmbBa©Úlkarpþl;siT§iGMNac nigkarksagsmtßPaB BitR)akd nigman cirPaB ehIyRtUvEteFVIbnþBIkic©xitxMRbwgERbgEdlkMBugEtdMeNIrkar.

karEckrMElkcMeNHdwgnigBt’manEdlmanlkçN³CaRbB½n§kñúgcMeNamPaKIEdlBak;B½n§kñúgCMnYy KWCamUldæan sMrab;karyl;dwgrYmGMBIbBaðanigkarsMrbsMrYlmanRbsiT§iPaBkñúgcMeNamTIPñak;garBak;B½n§. RbB½n§nig viFIsaRsþRbmUlnigviPaKTinñn½yEdlmanlkçN³sþg;daRtUvEtCMruj[man. RbB½n§nigviFIsaRsþEbbenH nwgeFVI [karcgRkgCaÉksarEckrMElknigpSBVpSayBt’manmanlkçN³gayRsYl.


14

sþg;daGb,brma³ sþg;daTaMgenHmanlkçN³EbbKuNvis½y ehIybBa¢ak;kMritGb,brmaEdlnwgsMerc kñúgkarpþl;CMnYyGb;rM. sUcnakrsMxan;²³ KWCa {sBaØa} Edlbgðajfa etIsþg;daRtUv)ansMerc b¤eT. sUcnakrTaMgenH pþl;nUvviFI mYysMrab;vas; nigbgðajplb:HBal;b¤lT§plénkm μviFIRBmTaMgdMeNIrkarb¤viFIsaRsþEdleRbI. sUcnakr TaMgenH GacmanlkçN³EbbKuNvis½y b¤brivis½y. kMNt;sMKal;ENnaM³ rYmmancMNucCak;lak;edIm,IBicarNaenAeBlGnuvtþsþg;da nigsUcnakrkñúgsßanPaB epSgKña karENnaMGMBIkaredaHRsaykarlM)akCak;Esþg nigdMbUnμanGMBIbBaðaGaTiPaB. kMNt;sMKal;ENnaM GacrYmbBa©ÚlpgEdrnUvbBaðasMxan;²EdlTak;Tgnwgsþg;da nigsUcnakr nigerobrab;GMBICMerIs EdlBi)ak sMerc PaBcMrUgcMras; b¤cenøaHRbehagenAkñúgcMeNHdwgbc©úb,nñ. ]bsm<½n§2 rYmman tarageRCIserIsÉksar eyag EdlbgðajRbPBBt’manGMBIbBaðaTUeTA nig bBaðabec©keTsCak;lak; EdlTak;TgnwgEpñkenH.


karcUlrYmrbs; shKmn_

sþg;da1 karcUlrYm

smaCikshKmn_Edlb:HBal; edayeRKaHGasnñcUlrYmy:ag skm μenAkñúgkar):an;RbmaN

eFVIEpnkar Gnuvtþ RtYtBinitünigvaytémøkmμviFIGb;rM

FnFanshKmn_kñúgmUldæan RtUv)ankMNt; RbmUl nigeRbI

edIm,IGnuvtþkm μviFIGb;rM nigskmμPaBsikSadéTeTot

sþg;da2 FnFan

]bsm<½n§2³ Éksareyag nigmKÁúeTsn_FnFan EpñkkarcUlrYmrbs;shKmn_

15


sUcnakrsMxan;² ¬RtUvGanCamYykMNt;sMKal;ENnaM¦

sþg;dakarcUlrYmrbs;shKmn_ 1³ karcUlrYmsmaCikshKmn_Edlb:HBal;edayeRKaHGasnñcUlrYmy:agskmμkñúgkar)a:n;RbmaNeFVIEpnkar Gnuvtþ RtYtBinitü nigvaytémøkmμviFIGb;rM.

shKmn_Edlb:HBal;edayeRKaHGasnñ tamry³tMNageRCIserIsrbs;xøÜn cUlrYmkñúgkarkMNt;GaTiPaB nigeFVIEpnkarskm μPaBGb;rMedIm,IFananUvkarpþl;kmμviFIGb;rMEdlmanRbsiT§iPaB ¬sUmemIlkMNt;sMKal; ENnaM 1-5¦.

kumar nigyuvv½ycUlrYmenAkñúgkarbegáIt nigGnuvtþskmμPaBGb;rM ¬sUmemIlkMNt;sMKal;ENnaM6¦.

KN³kmμaFikarGb;rMshKmn_ ¬CEC¦ erobcMkarRbCMusaFarN³edIm,IeFVIsvnkmμsgÁménskm μPaBGb;rM nigfvikarbs;skmμPaB ¬sUmemIlkMNt;sMKal;ENnaM7¦.

»kasbNþúHbNþal nigksagsmtßPaBmansMrab;smaCikshKmn_ rYmTaMgkumar nigyuvv½y edIm,I RKb;RKgskm μPaBGb;rM ¬sUmemIlkMNt;sMKal;ENnaM8¦.

kMNt;sMKal;ENnaM

1> kartMNagrbs;shKmn_enAkñúgkm μviFIGb;rM³ TUTaMgsþg;daGb,rma Bakü{KN³kmμaFikarGb;rMshKmn_} sMedAeTAelIKN³kmμaFikarEdlbegáIteLIgedIm,IkMNt; nigedaHRsaytMrUvkarGb;rMrbs;shKmn_ Edlman tMNagmkBI «Buk-mþay nig¼b¤smaKnn_RKU-GaNaBüa)alsisS TIPñak;garkñúgmUldæan smaKmn_sgÁmsIuvil GgÁkarshKmn_ nig RkumRsþInigyuvv½y kñúgcMeNamsßab½nepSg²eTot RBmTaMg RKU nigsisS ¬enAeBlcaM )ac;¦. KN³kmμaFikarGb;rMshKmn_mYyGacmanGnuKN³kmμaFikar Edlman smaCikenAkñúgKN³km μa Fikar. kñúgkrNIxøH KN³km μaFikarGb;rMshKmn_nwgTTYlxusRtUv km μviFIGb;rM mYy nigkñúgkrNI xøHeTot km μviFIeRcInenAkñúgtMbn;kMNt;NamYy. TMnak;TMngrvagsalashKmn_ nig«BukmþaysisSRtUv)anBRgwgkñúgsßanPaBmanGasnñtamry³karcUl rYmBI«Bukmþayb¤GaNaBüa)al kñúgkarbegáItnigRKb;RKgbrisßansikSa. rcnasm<½n§sMrab;TMnak;TMng

16


17

rvagRKYsar shKmn_ nigsala KYrEtbegáIteLIgkñúglkçN³BieRKaHeyabl; nigmankarcUlrYm. lkçN³enH GnuvtþsMrab;karbegáItKN³km μaFikarGb;rMshKmn_ smaKmn_ «BukmþaysisS-RKU.l. RBm TaMgsMrab;viFankarN_epSg²EdlcaM)ac;edIm,IedaHRsaybBaða nigkal³eTs³ kñúgmUldæan ¬]TahrN_ RKYsarEdlmankumarCaempÞH¦. viFIsaRsþEdlEp¥kelIshKmn_nwgCYybegáItrcnasm<½n§ ¬ebIminTan; man¦ nigBRgwgrcnasm<½n§manRsab; EdleKarBvb,Fm’nigTMenomTmøab;Gb;rMkñúgtMbn; eday BwgEp¥kelIynþkarRbQmmuxkñúgmUldæan.

2> KN³kmμaFikarGb;rMshKmn_³ kartMNagKYrEtrYmbBa©ÚlRkumRKb;RbePT edaymankarcUlrYmBIRkum epSg²Kañ nigsßab½nnana dUcCa NGOskñúgRsuk sßab½nsasna cas;RBwT§acarüTaMgLay RkumEdlman tMrUvkarGb;rMCaBiess RkumEdlgayrgeRKaHTaMgLay RsþInigkumarI bkSsm<½n§ kulsm<½n§ RkumGayu .l. tMNagKYrEteRCIserIs tamdMeNIrkarRbCaFibetyü. kñúgkMLúgdMNak;kalkar sþareLIgvij KN³kmμaFikarGb;rMshKmn_ KYr EtRtUv)anTTYlsÁal; nigcuHbBa¢ItampøÚvc,ab; edIm,I edIrtYCasßab½n b¤GgÁkarpøÚvkarmYy. enAeBlKN³km μaFikarGb;rMshKmn_EdlmantYnaTI nigkarTTYlxusRtUvRsedog KñamanrYcehIy KN³kmμaFikarTaMgenHKYrEtEksMrYledIm,IeCosvag karbegáIt sßab½ndUcKña. KN³kmμaFikarGb;rMshKmn_ KYrEtrYmbBa©ÚlRkumRKb;RbePT nigmantulüPaBehIyKYrEtqøúHbBa©aMg PaBcRmuHénRbCaCnrgeRKaHEdl)anrab;bBaÚ©l edayminkMriteTAelI ePT Gay u CnCati Rkumsasna nigcMNat;fñak;sgÁmCaedIm. vamansar³sMxan;kñúgkarKaMRTRsþInigkumarI[køayCaédKUes μIPaBkñúgkar GPivDÆn_ edaybegáInnigFana[mansmFm’Tak;TgnwgkarcUlrYmrbs;BYkeKkñúgKN³kmμaFikar Gb;rMshKmn_.

3> tYnaTInigkarTTYlxusRtUvrbs;KN³kmμaFikarGb;rMshKmn_KYrEtbBa¢ak;[)anc,as;las; nig pSBVpSay dl;shKmn_. tYnaTInigkarTTYlxusRtUvTaMgenH GacmancMnucdUcxageRkam EtminkMritenaHeT³

- RbCMuCaRbcaMedIm,IBiPakSabBaðaénkþIkgVl; nigedIm,IeFVIkarsMerccitþ. - rkSakMNt;ehtuénkic©RbCMu karsMerccitþ nigkarrYmcMENkhirBaØvtßúnigviPaKTanepSg²rbs;shKmn_. - pþl;viFIsaRsþEdlsmRsbnwgvb,Fm’ ¬]TahrN_ kalviPaKsikSaEdlGacbt;Ebn)an km μviFIsikSa

EdlqøúHbBa©aMgbribTkñúgshKmn_ nigmankarcUlrYmBIsmaCikshKmn_.l.¦. nig - TMnak;TMngCamYyshKmn_ kmμviFIGb;rM nig¼b¤GaCJaFrkñúgtMbn;nigfñak;CatiedIm,ICMruj[manTMnak;TMng

l¥ rvagkmμviFIGb;rM nigsmaCik shKmn_epSg²eTot.


18

4> karcUlrYmrbs;shKmn_kñúgkarbegáItCMnYyGb;rM³ TIPñak;garrdæaPi)al nigminEmnrdæaPi)alKYrEtRBm eRBognigbegáItdMeNIrkarsMrab;FanakarcUlrYmrbs;shKmn_kñúgkarbegáItCMnYyGb;rM. dMeNIrkarTaMg enHKYrEtCaEpñkmYyd¾sMxan;énCMnYybnÞan;cab;taMgBIéf¶TImYy ehIyKYrEtrYmbBa©ÚlkareRbIR)as; viFIsaRsþEdlmankarcUlrYmedIm,IbegáItPøam²nUv³

- tMrUvkarGb;rMbnÞan;énGnuRkumepSg² ¬kumar yuvv½y nigmnusScas;¦. - smtßPaBFnFanmnusS nigeBlevlaEdlman RBmTaMgFnFanhirBaØvtßúnigsmÖar³ . - famPaBénGMNacrvagGnuRkum rYmTaMgRkumPasa. - karkMNt;snþisux. - TItaMgsuvtßiPaBsMrab;karpþl;karGb;rM. nig - yuT§saRsþsMrab;rYmbBa©ÚlsarGb;rMseRgÁaHCIvitEdlTak;TgeTAkñúgRKb;TidæPaBénCMnYyeRKaHGasnñ.

¬sUmemIlpgEdrsþg;dakarviPaK2 kMNt;sMKal;ENnaMTI5enATMB½r30 sþg;dakarviPaK3enA TMB½r30 nigsþg;daTI2eKalneya)ayGb;rM nigkarsMrbsMrYlenATMB½r108¦.

5> EpnkarskmμPaBGb;rMmUldæan³ shKmn_ nigKN³km μaFikarGb;rMshKmn_GackMNt;GaTiPaB nigeFVI Epnkarskm μPaBGb;rMtamry³dMeNIrkareFVIEpnkarkñúgmUldæanEdlmankarcUlrYmEdlqøúHbBa©aMgtMrUv kar kþIkgVl; nigtémøénRbCaCnEdlb:HBal;edayeRKaHGasnñ CaBiessGñkEdlenAkñúgRkumCngay rgeRKaH. lT§pléndMeNIrkareFVIEpnkarenHKWCaEpnkarskmμPaBGb;rMEdlEp¥kelIshKmn_. EpnkarenHpþl;Rkbx½NÐmYysMrab;karEklMGKuNPaBkmμviFInigesvakmμGb;rMkñúgnig¼b¤eRkARbB½n§. Epnkarskm μPaBGb;rMGacmaneKalbMNgeRcIn EtminkMNt;eT dUcCa³ - begáItckçúvis½yrYmkñúgcMeNamTIPñak;gar GMBIGVIEdlbrisßansikSaGackøayeTACa edayEbgEcgtamry³

skmμPaB sUcnakr nigeKaledA. - TTYl)ankarRBmeRBognigkarebþCJacitþrYmkñúgcMeNamTIPñak;gar GMBIGaTiPaBsMrab;karEklMGlkçxNÐ

Cak;lak;enAkñúgbrisßansikSa. nig - begáItEpnkarskmμPaBEdlmanPar³kic©nigkarTTYlxusRtUvCak;lak;EdlGñkBak;B½n§epSg²nwgbMeBj

kñúgry³eBlkMNt;NamYy edIm,IsMerceKaledAEdlEcgenAkñúgEpnkar. Epnkarskm μPaBGb;rMmUldæan KYrEtkMNt;tYnaTIshkarénPaKIBak;B½n§TaMgGs;rYmmanTIPñak;gar KaMRT KN³kmμaFikarGb;rMshKmn_nigGñkBak;B½n§kmμviFIGb;rM. Epnkarskm μPaBKYrEtbBa©ÚlpgEdrnUvRkm GnuvtþedIm,IFananUvkar)a:n;RbmaN nigRtYtBinitürbs;shKmn_CaRbcaM nigCYybegáItvb,Fm’énkarcUl rYmedIm,I[mankarcUlrYmBIshKmn_TUlMTUlaynigmancirPaB. vb,Fm’enHGacrYmman kareFVIEpnkar


19

karkarBarkumar karCMrujkarcUlrYmrbs;RsþInigkumarI nigCngayrgeRKaH karGnuvtþn_skm μPaBbeRgon nig eron karRtYtBinitü karRbmUlFnFan kareRCIserIsnigbNþúHbNþalbuKÁlik karksagnigEfTaM ehdæarcnasm<½n§ karsMrbsMrYlCamYyTIPñak;garBak;B½n§nigkarrYmbBa©ÚlCamYyEpñksuxPaBGnam½y GaharUbtßmÖ karpÁt;pÁg;TwkenAeBlcaM)ac;. vamansar³sMxan;EdlsmaCikshKmn_TaMgGs;TTYl)anBt’manedIm,I[BYkeKpþl;mtieyabl;dl; KN³kmμaFikarGb;rMshKmn_GMBIviFIRKb;RKgkm μviFIGb;rM[manRbsiT§iPaB ¬sUmemIlpgEdrsþg;daTI2 énRKUbeRgon nigbuKÁlikGb;rMdéTeTot enATMB½r95 nigsþg;daTI3éneKalneya)ayGb;rM nigkarsMrb sMrYlenA TMB½r110¦.

6> karcUlrYmrbs;kumarenAkñúgskm μPaBGb;rM³ maRta13énGnusBaØaGMBIsiT§ikumar ¬CRC¦rbs;G>s>b pþl;kumarnUvsiT§imanmtieyabl;enAkñúgbBaðaEdlb:HBal;CIvilpÞal;rbs;BYkeK edIm,IerobcMsMrab;kar TTYlxusRtUvrbs;BYkeKenAeBleBjv½y. maRtaenHGacGnuvtþ)ancMeBaHRKb;kumarkñúgRKb;sßanPaB manGasnñ rYmTaMgkñúgRKamanvibtþiruaMér:nigdMNak;kaldMbUgénkarsþareLIgvij. GñksikSa CaBiessyuvv½ynigmnusScas;KYrEtcUlrYmkñúgkarbegáItnigRKb;RKgRbB½n§Edlpþl;karGb;rMdl; BYkeK. kumarRtUvEt)anbNþúHbNþalGMBIkarGnuvtþn_EdlCYykarBarBYkeKnigkumardéTeTotenAkñúg shKmn_rbs;BYkeK. karbNþúHbNþalenHKYrEtsgát;F¶n;elIsmtßPaBrbs;BYkeKkñúgkarcUlrYmeday sßabnanigpþþÜcepþImkarpøas;bþÚrviC¢man ]TahrN_karesñI[mankarEklMGskmμPaBsala b¤karray karN_ karkarBarkarrMelaPbMBankñúgbrisßansala ¬sUmemIlpgEdrsþg;daTI2énkarTTYlyk nig brisßansikSa enATMB½r60 nigsþg;daTI3énRKUbeRgonnigbuKÁlikGb;rMdéTeTotenATMB½rTI97¦. Par³kic©EdlekItmankñúgRKamanGasnñ ¬]TahrN_ karpþl;skmμPaBkMsanþsMrab;kumar nigyuvv½yGac eRbI)anedIm,I[kumarnigyuvv½y ¬CaBiessGñkEdlmineron¦ cUlrYmkñúgskmμPaBEdlmansar³sMxan; sMrab;shKmn_. skm μPaBenHpþl;[BYkeKnUvCMerIsviC¢manCMnYs[\T§iBl GviC¢man dUcCa]Rkidækmμ RkumRbdab;GavuF.l.

7> svnkm μsgÁm KWCakarvaytémøGMBIkmμviFIGb;redayEp¥kelIshKmn_ M. karvaytémøenHKYrEteFVI edIm,I ):an;RbmaNFnFanmnusS hirBaØvtßú nigsmÖar³ kMNt;GVIEdlenAEtRtUvkar nigGVIEdlmanrYcehIy nig RtYtBinitüRbsiT§iPaBénkm μviFIkñúgcMeNamTidæPaBepSg²eTot. vaEtgEtminGaceFVIsvnkm μsgÁm)aneT kñúgdMNak;kaldMbUg b¤Bak;kNþalénRKamanGasnñ. eTaHy:agenHkþI enAeBlRKaGasnñmanesßrPaB ¬]TahrN_ enAdMNak;kalvibtþirauMér:yUrGEgVg b¤dMNak;kaldMbUgénkarsþareLIgvij¦ svnkmμsgÁmpþl;


shKmn_nUv»kasmYyedIm,IksagsmtßPaBrbs;BYkeKsMrab;RtYtBinitükmμviFIGb;rMrbs;BYkeK[kan; EtmanRbsiT§iPaB ¬sUmemIlpgEdr sþg;dakarviPaKTI4 enATMB½r33¦.

8> karksagsmtßPaB³ vaminmanlkçN³Cak;EsþgeT EdlrMBwgfasmaCikshKmn_mansmtßPaB bec©keTsRKb;RKg nigcat;Ecgskm μPaBGb;rMedayK μankarENnaMnigbNþúHbNþalsmRsb nigRKb; RKan;. km μviFIbNþúHbNþal KYrEt):an;RbmaNsmtßPaBrbs;shKmn_nigkMNt;tMrUvkarbNþúHbNþal nigviFIedIm,IbMeBjtMrUvkarTaMgenH. bEnßmelIkarksagsmtßPaBsMrab;smaCikKN³kmμaFikarGb;rM shKmn_ km μviFIGb;rMKYrEt[mankarcUlrYmBIsmaCikshKmn_enAkñúgkargarénkmμviFIGb;rMnigpþl;kar bNþúHbNþaledIm,IBRgwgKuNPaBnignirtþPaBénkarKaMRTrbs;BYkeK.


FnFanshKmn_kñúgmUldæanRtUv)ankMNt; RbmUl nigeRbIedIm,IGnuvtþkm μviFIGb;rM nig»kassikSa déTeTot.

karcUlrYmrbs;shKmn_ sþg;daTI2³ FnFan

shKmn_ buKÁlikGb;rMnigGñksikSakMNt;FnFanGb;rMenAkñúgshKmn_ ¬sUmemIl kMNt;sMKal; ENnaM1¦.

FnFanshKmn_RtUv)anRbmUledIm,IBRgwgkarTTYlykkarGb;rM karkarBar nigKuNPaBénkmμviFIGb;rM ¬sUmemIlkMNt;sMKal;ENnaM2-3¦.

GñkBak;B½n§TTYlsÁal; nigKaMRTsmtßPaBrbs;shKmn_ ehIykm μviFIGb;rMRtUv)anbegáItedIm,IeRbI smtßPaB nigCMnajkñúgmUldæanCaGtibrma ¬sUmemIlkMNt;sMKal;ENnaM4-5¦.

kMNt;sMKal;ENnaM

1> FnFanshKmn_ rYmmanFnFanmnusS bBaØa hirBaØvtßú b¤smÖar³EdlmanenAkñúgshKmn_. karRbmUl FnFanKYrEtpSarP¢ab;eTAnwgkarEklMGKuNPaBénbrisßansikSa. brisßansikSaGacrYmbBa©Úl brisßan

20


21

rUbv½nþ ¬]TahrN_ viPaKTansmÖar³ nigkmøaMgBlkm μcMeBaHkarsagsg; EfTaM nigCYsCulsala¦ nig brisßanpøÚvcitþnigpøÚvGarmμN_ ¬]TahrN_ karKaMRTEpñkcitþsaRsþ-sgÁmsMrab;sisS nigRKU ¼GñksMrb sMrYlb¤karedaHRsaybBaðakarkarBar¦. KYrEtrkSakMNt;ehtuedIm,IBRgwgtmøaPaBnigKNenyüPaB ¬sUmemIlpgEdrsþg;daTI2-3énkarTTYlyk nigbrisßansikSa enATMB½r60-63¦.

2> karBRgwgkarTTYlyk nigsnþisux³ smaCikshKmn_KYrEtRtUv)aneKogKr[lHbg;eBlevlanig FnFanedIm,ICYykumargayrgeRKaHcuHeQ μaHcUleronnigmkeroneTogTat; ]TahrN_ tamry³KMnit pþÜcepþImedayRkumRsþI nigyuvCn edIm,Ipþl;semøókbMBak;smrmüsMrab;kumarmkBIRKYsarRkIRkbMput b¤ edIm,Ipþl;Gahardl;RKYsarEdlmankumarCaempÞH. RsþIGacKaMRTkarcUlrYmrbs;kumarIenAtamsala edayedIrtYCaCMnYykarkñúgfñak; pþl;karkarBarBIkarrMelaPbMBan ehIysmaCikshKmn_GaccMNay eBlevlanaMkumareTAkan;nigmkBIsalaenAeBlcaM)ac;¬sUmemIlpgEdrsþg;daTI2-3énkarTTYlyk nigbrisßansikSa enATMB½r60-63¦.

3> karbegáItnirtþPaB³ shKmn_KYrEtRtUv)anpþl;karbNþúHbNþalGMBItYnaTInigkarTTYlxusRtUvkñúgkar RKb;RKgbrisßansikSa karRbmUlnigkarRKb;RKgFnFan nignirtþPaB ¬]TahrN_ karEfTaMsmÖar³ viFankarN_ BiessedIm,IFana[mankarcUlrYmBIsisSEdlgayrgeRKaH.l.¦ kñúgry³eBlEvg.

4> karTTYlsÁal;viPaKTanrbs;shKmn_³ r)aykarN_eTAkan;TIPñak;garpþl;CMnYyKYrEtbBa©ÚlBt’manTaMg EpñkbrimaN nig KuNPaBGMBIkarrYmcMENkrbs;shKmn_. karrYmcMENkd¾xøaMgkøarbs;shKmn_ GacbBa¢ak;GMBI karebþCJacitþ nignirtþPaBEdlGacmansMrab;kmμviFI.

5> smtßPaBkñúgmUldæan ³ karcUlrYmenAkñúgCMnYyKYrEtBRgwgesckþIéføfñÚr nigkþIsgÇwmrbs;RbCaCnkñúgeBl manvibtþi. kmμviFIKYrEtbegáItedayEp¥kelIsmtßPaBkñúgmUldæannigeCosvagemIlRsalyuT§saRsþ RbQmmuxrbs;BYkeK.


22

brisiT§i3 TMrg; karRbmUlB½t’man nig kar):an;RbmaNtMrUvkar

]bsm<½n§2³ Éksareyag nigmKÁúeTsn_FnFan EpñkkarviPaK

kareFVIEpnkarkñúgRKamanGasnñ³ taragBinitükarviPaKsßanPaB brisiT§i2

brisiT§i1 (Appendix 1)

Rkbx½NÐ):an;RbmaN

karviPaK

sþg;da1 kar):an;RbmaN

RKadMbUg

kar)a:n;RbmaN Tan;eBlevlaGMBI

karGb;rMén sßanPaBman

Gasnñ RtUv)aneFVI kñúglkçN³rYm

nigman karcUlrYm.

sþg;da2yuT§saRsþ CMnYy

Rkbx½NÐsMrab; CMnYyGb;rM RtUv)an begáIteLIgedaymankarbriyay c,as;las;GMBI

bBaða nig yuT§saRsþ

Edl)ankt;Rta sMrab;eFVIskm μPaB

sþg;da3karRtYtBinitü

GñkBak;B½n§ TaMgGs;

RtYtBinitüCaRbcaM BIskmμPaBCMnYy

Gb;rM nigkarERbRbYlBI

tMrUvkarGb;rM rbs;RbCaCn EdlrgeRKaH.

sþg;da4karvaytémø

mankavaytémø EdlmanlkçN³

CaRbB½n§ nig edayyutþiFm’

GMBICMnYy Gb;rMedIm,IEklMG

karGnuvtþn_ nigBRgwg

KNenyüPaB.



sþg;dakarviPaK 1³ kar):an;RbmaNRKadMbUg kar)a:n;RbmaNTan;eBlevlaGMBIkarGb;rMénsßanPaBmanGasnñRtUv)aneFVIkñúglkçN³rYm nigman karcUlrYm.

kar)a:n;RbmaNGMBIkarGb;rMy:agrh½snaRKadMbUg RtUv)aneFVIPøam²tamEdlGaceFVIeTA)an eday BicarNaGMBIsnþisux nigsuvtßiPaB¬sUmemIlkMNt;sMKal;ENnaM1-3¦.

GñkBak;B½n§sMxan;²cUlrYmenAkñúgkarkMNt;Tinñn½yEdlRtUvRbmUl karbegáIt bkRsay nigEklMG

sUcnakr nigkarRKb;RKg nigpSBVpSayBt’man¬sUmemIlkMNt;sMKal;ENnaM4-5¦.

kar):an;RbmaNd¾TUlMTUlayGMBItMrUvkarGb;rM nigFnFansMrab;kMrit nigRbePTénkarGb;rMepSg²Kña nig sMrab;tMbn;Edlb:HBal;edayeRKaHGasnñ RtUv)aneFVIedaymankarcUlrYmBIGñkBak;B½n§sMxan;² ehIy RtUv)aneFVIbc©úb,nñkm μedayeTogTat; ¬sUmemIlkMNt;sMKal;ENnaM4¦.

karGb;rMCaEpñkmYyénkar):an;RbmaNGnþrvis½yEdlRbmUlTinñn½yGMBI sßanPaBneya)ay sgÁm

esdækic© nigbrisßansnþisux nig RbCasaRsþ RBmTaMgFnFanEdlmanedIm,IkMNt;esvakm μ EdlcaM)ac; sMrab;RbCaCnrgeRKaH ¬sUmemIlkMNt;sMKal;ENnaM6¦.

kar):an;RbmaN viPaK ]bsKÁEdlman nigGacmancMeBaHkarkarBarGñksikSa edayeRbIkar):an;RbmaN

rcnasm<½n§ viPaKGMBIkarKMramkMEhg PaBgayrgeRKaH nigsmtßPaB¬sUmemIlkMNt;sMKal;ENnaM7¦.

smtßPaB FnFan nigyuT§saRsþkñúgmUldæansMrab;karsikSanigGb;rMRtUv)ankMNt;TaMgmun nigkMLúgeBleRKaHGasnñ.

23


24

kar):an;RbmaNkMNt;karyl;eXIjrbs;shKmn_ GMBIeKalbMNg nigPaBTak;TgénkarGb;rM nigGMBI tMrUvkarkarGb;rMGaTiPaB nig skmμPaB.

RbB½n§mYyRtUv)anbegáIteLIg edIm,IEckrMElkkarrkeXIjénkar):an;RbmaN nigedIm,IrkSaTinñn½yGb;rM

¬sUmemIl kMNt;sMKal;ENnaM8¦.

kMNt;sMKal;ENnaM

1> eBlevlaénkar):an;RbmaN KYrEtKitGMBIsnþisux nigsuvtßiPaBénRkumvaytémø nigRbCaCnrgeRKaH. enAeBlmanbBaðaEpñksnþisux yuT§saRsþdéTeTotKYrEtEsVgrk dUcCaRbPBBt’manRbeyal GñkdwknaM kñúgmUldæan nigbNþajkñúgshKmn_. enAeBlK μanbBaðaEpñksnþisux kar):an;RbmaNelIkTImYyKYrEt EklMGedayEp¥kelITinñn½ynigBt’manTUlMTUlayEfmeTotEdlRbmUl)an. kar):an;RbmaNKYrEteFVI bc©úb,nñkmμCaeTogTat; ¬y:agehacNas;erogral;3Ex¦ edayEp¥kelITinñn½yRtYtBinitünigvaytémø karBinitüeLIgvijénsmiT§iplnig]bsKÁrbs;km μviFI nigBt’manGMBItMrUvkarEdlmin)anbMeBj.

2> karRbmUlBt’man nigTinñn½y):an;RbmaN KYrEterobcM nigeFVIedIm,IEsVgyl;tMrUvkarGb;rM smtßPaB FnFan nigcenøaHRbehag. kar):an;RbmaNTUeTAmYyEdlRKbdNþb;RKb;RbePTénkarGb;rM nigRKb;tMbn; KYrEtRtUvbBa©b;Pøam²tamEdlGaceFVIeTA)an. b:uEnþkar):an;RbmaNenHminKYrBnüarkarerobcMedayrh½s énEpñkxøHkñúgkar):an;RbmaN edIm,IeFVIskmμPaBPøam²enaHeT. TsSn³kic©énGñkpþl;karGb;rMepSg²KYrEt sMrbsMrYlenAeBlGaceFVIeTA)an edIm,IeCosvagTsSn³kic©CabnþbnÞab;EdlrMxanbuKÁlikkñúgkarpþl; CMnYyseRgÁaHbnÞan;. ]bkrN_):an;RbmaNTaMgEpñkKuNPaBnigbrimaNKYrEtsmRsbeTAnwgsþg;daGnþrCati eKaledA EFA

nig eKalkarN_ENnaMEdlEp¥kelIsiT§i. PaBsmRsbenHCYyP¢ab;KMnitpþÜcepþImsaklCamYyshKmn_ kñúgmUldæannigBRgwgTMnak;TMngenAkMritmUldæaneTAnwgRkbx½NÐnigsUcnakrskl. TMrg;sMrab;RbmUl Tinñn½yKYrEtmanlkçN³sþg;dakñúgRbeTs edIm,IsMrbsMrYlKMeragenAkMritGnþrPñak;garnigbnßyCa Gb,rmanUvtMrUvkarBIGñkpþl;Bt’man. TMrg;TaMgenH KYrEtpþl;kEnøgsMrab;Bt’manbEnßmEdlGñkeqøIyKitfa man sar³sMxan;. karKitGMBIRkmsIlFm’KWmansar³sMxan;sMrab;TMrg;RbmUlTinñn½yTaMgGs;enAkñúgCMnYymnusSFm’. karRbmUlBt’mansMrab;eKalbMNgNak¾eday rYmTaMgkarRtYtBinitü kar):an;RbmaNb¤karsÞg;mti


25

GaceFVI[GñkeqøIymaneRKaHfñak; nigminRtwmEtedayEtlkçN³resIbénBt’man EdlRbmUlenaHeTEfm TaMgedaysarRKan;EtcUlrYmkñúgdMeNIrkarenHeTotpg. eKalkarN_mUldæanénkareKarB mineFVI[man eRKaHfñak; nigminerIseGIg RtUvEtGnuvtþ ehIyGñkEdlRbmUlBt’manmankarTTYlxusRtUv karBar nig R)ab;GñkeqøIyGMBIsiT§irbs;BYkeK. sUmemIlÉksareyagGMBIkarviPaKenA]bsm<½n§2 sMrab;P¢ab;eTAnwg Éksar {karkarBarKWCaGaTiPaB :esovePAmKÁúeTsn_ sMrab;bBa©ÚlkarkarBareTAkñúgkar RbmUlTinñn½y kñúgCMnYymnusSFm’}.

3> viFIsaRsþviPaK³ edIm,Ikat;bnßyCaGb,rmanUvPaBlMeGog Tinñn½yKYrEtBinitüemIlBIRbPBeRcInepSg²Kña eBleFVIkarviPaK nigmuneBleFVIesckþIsnñidæan. karBinitüemIlBIRbPBeRcInepSg²Kña KWCaviFIsaRsþcMruH sMrab;RbmUl nigviPaKTinñn½yedIm,Ivas;cMnucdUc nigxusKñaén)atuPUtmYy EdlnaM[mankaryl;dwgl¥it l¥n; edIm,IFananUvPaBRtwmRtUvénTinñn½yCaKuNPaB. karyl;eXIjrbs;shKmn_ k¾RtUvbBa©ÚleTA kñúgkarviPaKpgEdr edIm,IeCosvagCMnYymnusSFm’EdlEp¥kelIEtkaryl;eXIj énGñkxageRkA nig GaTiPaB.

4> GñkBak;B½n§KYrEtrYmbBa©Úl buKÁlmkBIRkumCnrgeRKaHeRcIntamEtGaceFVIeTA)an. karcUlrYmBIGñkBak; B½n§kñúgkarRbmUlTinñn½y nigkarviPaK nigkarRKb;RKg Bt’man nigpSBVpSayBt’manGacRtUv)ankMhit edaykal³eTs³kñúgkMLúgeBleFVIkar):an;RbmaNdMbUg b:uEnþKYrEtbegáInkñúgkMLúgeBleFVIkar )a:n;RbmaN elIkeRkay nigkarRtYtBinitü nigvaytémø.

5> rbkKMehIjénkar):an;RbmaN KYrEtpSBVpSayPøam²tamEdlGaceFVIeTA)an edIm,IeFVIEpnkarskmμPaB. Tinñn½ymunvibtþi nigkar):an;RbmaNeRkayvibtþi EdlkMNt;tMrUvkar nigFnFanGb;rM ¬]TahrN_ eday GaCJaFr NGOs TIPñak;garCMnajenAkñúgshKmn_mnusSFm’ nigshKmn_kñúgmUldæan¦ KYrpSBVpSay Pøam² dl;TIPñak;garTaMgGs;. karpSBVpSayenHmansar³sMxan;Biess ebITIPñak;garminGaccUldl;tMbn; eKaledAkñúgkMLúgeBlmaneRKaHGasnñ.

6> kar):an;RbmaNeRKaHGasnñTUeTA KYrEtrYmbBa©ÚlGñkCMnajGb;rM b¤GñkkarBarkumarmñak;enAkñúgRkum seRgÁaHbnÞan; edIm,IRbmUlTinñn½yGMBIkarGb;rM tMrUvkarkarBarkumar nigFnFan. TIPñak;gar KYrEt kMNt;FnFan nigbegáInsmtßPaBGgÁkar nigbuKÁlikedIm,IGnuvtþskm μPaBTaMgenH.


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7> karviPaKBIeRKaHfñak; ³ vamansar³sMxan;kñúgkarBicarNaRKb;TidæPaBénsßanPaBEdlGacb:HBal;dl;sux PaB nigsuvtßiPaBrbs;kumar nigyuvv½y BIeRBaHkarGb;rMGacman¤karkarBar nig¼b¤ ktþaeRKaHfñak;. kar):an;RbmaN KYrEtbBa©ÚlbBa¢Ib¤tarageRKaHfñak;¬{tarageRKaHfñak;}¦ EdlKYrEtkt;RtasMrab;Rkum GayuepSg² nigRkumgayrgeRKaH nUveRKaHfñak;Tak;Tgnwgktþa dUcCa eRKaHfñak;FmμCati nigeRKaHbrisßan RKab;mIn nigRKab; mInminTan;pÞúH suvtßiPaBénGaKar nigehdæarcnasm<½n§epSg²eTot karkarBarkumar nig snþisux PaBKMram kMEhgcMeBaHsuxPaB pøÚvcitþ nig pøÚvkay bBaðaTak;TgnwglkçN³sm,tþirbs;RKU karcuHeQμaHcUleronnigkmμviFIsikSa nigBt’manBak;B½n§déTeTot ¬sMrab;tarageRKaHfñak;KMrU sUmemIl CD-ROM MSEE¦. kar):an;RbmaNKYrEtbBa¢ak;BIyuT§saRsþ;RKb;RKgeRKaHfñak; sMrab;eFVIkarkarBar karkat;bnßy nig skmμPaBEdlTak;TgnwgeRKaHGasnñ ¬kareRtomCMnYy karksag nigsþareLIgvij¦ kñúgkMLúgeBl RBwtþikarN_ eRKaHFmμCati b¤eRKaHGasnñF¶n;F¶r. kñúgkal³eTs³xøH yuT§saRsþenH GactMrUv[mCÄmNÐl Gb;rMnimYy² KYrEteRtomerobcMEpnTImYybgðajBIPaBKMramkMEhgEdlGacmannigrMelcktþaEdl b:HBal;dl;PaBgayrgeRKaHrbs;xøÜn.

8> karEckrMElkrbkKMehIjénkar):an;RbmaN KYrEtsMrbsMrYledayGaCJaFr EdlBak;B½n§enAkMritmUldæan b¤fñak;Cati. ebIKμanGaCJaFrmansmtßkic© b¤GgÁkarNaeFVIkarenHeT TIPñak;garGnþrCatinaMmuxmYy dUcCa kariyal½ysMrbsMrYlkic©karmnusSFm’énG>s>b ¬OCHA¦ KYrEtEtgtaMgedIm,IdwknaMynþ sMrbsMrYl nigEckrMElkBt’man. karEckrMElkrbkKMehIjénkar):an;RbmaNKYrEtnaM[mankar begáItPøam² énRkbx½NÐsßitimYy niglT§plénTinñn½yEdlGñkBak;B½n§TaMgGs;GaceRbI)an ¬sUmemIlpgEdrsþg;da TI3éneKalneya)ayGb;rM nigkarsMrbsMrYl enATMB½r110¦.



sþg;dakarviPaK 2³ yuT§saRsþCMnYy Rkbx½NÐsMrab;CMnYyRtUv)anbegáIt edaymankarbriyayd¾c,as;las;GMBIbBaða nigyuT§saRsþ Edl)ankt;Rta sMrab;eFVIskm μPaB.

Tinñn½ymUldæanRtUv)anRbmUlCalkçN³RbBn½æenAeBlcab;epþImkmμviFI.

yuT§saRsþCMnYyGb;rMkñúgRKamanGasnñqøúHbBa©aMgkaryl;dwgd¾c,as;las;GMBITinñn½yTUeTA ¬sUmemIlkMNt; sMKal;ENnaM1-2¦.

eKaledA nigsUcnakrsmRsbRtUv)ankMNt;edIm,IRtYtBinitüplb:HBal;énCMnYyGb;rMeTAelIkumar yuvv½y nigshKmn_TaMgmUl.

Bt’manEdlTTYl)anBIkar)a:n;RbmaNRtUv)aneFVIbc©úb,nñkmμCamYyTinñn½yfμ I Edl)anmkBIkarvivtþn_rbs;km μviFIEdlkMBugdMeNIrkar.

yuT§saRsþCMnYyGb;rM pþl;GaTiPaBeTAelIsuvtßiPaB nigsuxmalPaBénkumarnigyuvv½yTaMgGs; rYmTaMgkumar nigyuvv½yEdlgayrgeRKaH b¤mantMrUvkarBiess.

yuT§saRsþCMnYyGb;rMeqøIytbCaRbcaMnUvtMrUvkarénRbCaCnEdlb:HBal;edayeRKaHGasnñ sMrab;karGb;rM EdlmanKuNPaB nigrYmbBa©ÚlRKb;Rkum nigCYyBRgwgkmμviFIGb;rMfñak;Cati¬sUmemIlkMNt;sMKal;ENnaM 4-6¦.

kMNt;sMKal;ENnaM 1> sMeNIsMusMrab;CMnYy KYrEtFanafaskm μPaBsMxan;²RtUvEtmanfvika edaymanhirBaØvtßúRKb;RKan;edIm,I

bMeBjsþg;daGb,brmaEdlerobrab;enATIenH. sMeNIKYrEtbBa¢ak;faetIskmμPaBGb;rMNamYyeFVIenA tMbn;Naeday)a:n;sμankMritRKbdNþb;sMrab;tMrUvkarénkar)a:n;RbmaNsMrab;kMrit nigRbePTepSg²énkar Gb;rM

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RBmTaMgbBa¢ak;faetImanGgÁkarepSgeTotnwgCYybMeBjtMrUvkarEdlenAsl;b¤eT. KYrEtmanPaB bt;Ebn[)aneRcIntamEtGaceFVIeTA)anedIm,IeqøIytbtMrUvkarGb;rMCak;Esþg ebItMrUvkarenaHeRcInCagkar )a:n;RbmaN. KYrEtxitxMbegáInnirtþPaBnigsuxdumnIykm μrvagGgÁkarnanaenAeBl kMNt;kMrit nigRbePT énkarcMNayelIkarGb;rMkñúgRKamanGasnñ¬]TahrN_ elIR)ak;Exbrikçar.l.¦

2> karksagsmtßPaBsMrab;RbmUl nigviPaKTinñn½y ³ sMeNIsMuKYrEtrYmbBa©ÚlkarksagsmtßPaBbuKÁlik CaBiessbuKÁlikkñúgRbeTs sMrab;karRbmUl nigviPaKTinñn½ymUldæan nigedIm,IGnuvtþkargarRtYtBinitü nigvaytémø. bBaðaTaMgenHEtgEtminRtUv)anKitKUreBjeljkñúgdMeNIrkarerobcMsMeNIsMu.

3> kareFVIbc©úb,nñkm μyuT§saRsþ³ sMeNIsMuCYyKYrEtBinitüeLIgvijnigeFIVbc©úb,nñkmμy:agehacNas; erogral;3ExkñúgkMLúgeBlmanGasnñnigdMNak;kaldMbUgénkarsþareLIgvij. sMeNIsMuKYrEtKitGMBI smiT§ipl bc©úb,nñ karERbRbYlénsßanPaBeRKaHGasnñ nigkar)a:n;sμanbc©úb,nñéntMrUvkarEdlminTan; )anbMeBj. eKalbMNgKYrEtedIm,IEklMGCaRbcaMnUvKuNPaBnigvisalPaB RBmTaMgnirtþPaBry³ eBlEvgenAeBlEdlGacGnuvtþ)an.

4> CMnYyénPñak;garpþl;CMnYy³ Pñak;garpþl;CMnYyKYrEtBinitüeLIgvijCaRbcaMnUvKuNPaB nigvisalPaB énCMnYyGb;rMkñúgRKamanGasnñ rYmTaMgkarcuHeQμaHcUleron nigkarsikSaCab;lab;énsisSmkBIRkum gay rgeRKaH. Pñak;garpþl;CMnYyKYrEtFananUv»kasTTYlykkarGb;rMenAkñúgtMbn;TaMgLay Edlb:HBal; edayeRKaHGasnñepSg²Kña. fvikaKYrEtpþl;edIm,I[karGb;rMsMrab;RbCaCnmUldæan enAkñúgtMbn;Edl TTYlykCnePosxøÜn b¤Cnpøas;TIlMenAkñúgRsukedIm,IbMeBjsþg;daGb,brma ¬sUmemIlpgEdrkar TTYlyk nigbrisßan sikSa sþg;daTI1 kMNt;sMKal;ENnaM8 enATMB½r59¦.

5> karBRgwgkm μviFIfñak;Cati ³ CMnYyGb;rMkñúgRKamanGasnñCaBiesssMrab;RbCaCnEdlminpøas;TIlMenA nigkñúgkMLúgeBlsþareLIgvij KYrEteFVIEpnkaredIm,I[smRsbCamYynwgkarBRgwgkmμviFIGb;rMfñak;Cati rYmTaMgkareFVIEpnkarGb;rMkñúgtMbn;nigfñak;Cati rdæaPi)al karRKb;RKg nigkarKaMRT nigbNþúHbNþal viRkitükar.

6> karCMnHelI]bsKÁénGaNtþiGgÁkar³ GgÁkarCMnYyEdlmanGaNtþimankMrit ¬]TahrN_GaNtþikMriteTA nwgkumarb¤CnePosxøÜn nigmatuPUminivtþn_EdleCaKC½y¦KYrEtFanafaCMnYyGb;rMrbs;BYkeKsmRsb eTAnwg CMnYyrbs;rdæaPi)al nigGgÁkarEdlmanGaNtþiTUlMTUlay edIm,IGacbMeBjRKb;tMrUvkarGb;rM. yuT§saRsþ Gb;rMsMrab;tMbn;rgeRKaHnimYy²KYrEttMrUvtamtMrUvkarGPivDÆn_kumartUc RBmTaMgtMrUv karén yuvv½y rYmTaMgkarGb;rMmFümsikSa ]tþmsikSa nigviC¢aCIv³ karbNþúHbNþalviRkitükarnigkarGb;rMepSg eTotEdlsmRsb. yuT§saRsþsMrab;karGPivDÆn_karGb;rMenAkñúgtMbn;EdlTTYl CnmatuPUminivtþn_


KYrEtrYmbBa©Úlkarpþl;karKaMRTry³eBlEvgcMeBaHkm μviFIEdlbegáItedaymanCMnYyBIGgÁkarmnusSFm’ Edlman]bsKÁeBlevlaenAkñúgCMnYyrbs;BYkeK ¬]TahrN_ kñúgkarKaMRTmatuPUminivtþn_nig smahrNkmμdMbUgénCnePosxøÜn¦.

sUcnakrsMxan;² ¬sMrab;GanCamYy kMNt;sMKal;;;ENnaM¦

sþg;daviPaKTI3³ karBinitütamdan (Monitoring)

GñkBak;B½n§TaMgGs; RtYtBinitüCaRbcaMBIskm μPaBCMnYyGb;rM nigkarERbRbYl tMrUvkarGb;rMrbs; RbCaCnrgeRKaH.

• RbB½n§sMrab;BinitütamdanCaRbcaM eTAelIsßanPaBeRKaHGasnñRBmTaMgGnþraKmn_nanaenaH KWmanvtþman enATIkEnøgenaH ehIyk¾kMBugEtdMeNIrkarEdr ¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;;ENnaM 1-2¦.

• ®sþI burs kumar nig yuvv½y EdlmkBIRkumrgeRKaHTaMgGs;RtUv)anBiPakSaCaRbcaM ehIyBYkeKk¾kMBugrYm cMEnkkñúgskm μPaBRtYtBinitütamdanTaMgenaHEdr ¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;;ENnaMTI 2¦.

• Tinñn½yGb;rMRtUv)anRbEmRbmUlCalkçN³RbB½n§ ehIyy:ageTogTat;edaycab;epþImRbEmRbmUlcab;taMg BIBt’manmUldæan rhUtdl;kartamdandl;karpøas;bþÚr nig ninñakarbnþbnÞab;mkeTot ¬sUmGan kMNt; sMKal;;ENnaMTI 3-4¦

• buKÁlikse®gÁaHRtUv)anTTYlkarbNþúHbNþalBIviFIsa®sþRbEmRbmUlTinñn½y RBmTaMgkarviPaKTinñn½yTaMg enaHedIm,IFana[manTMnukcitþeTAelITinñn½y ehIykarviPaKTinñn½yenaHeTotesatk¾TTYl)ankarepÞóg pÞat; nigKYr[eCOCak;)an ¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;;ENnaMTI 5¦

• Tinñn½yGb;rMRtUv)aneFVIkarviPaK nigEckrMElkCamYyPñak;garBak;B½n§epSg²kñúgkMLúgvKÁviPaKnimYy² Edl )ankMNt;TuktaMgBImun ¬sUmGankMNt;sMKal;;ENnaMTI 3¦

• RbB½n§Binitütamdan nig taragTinñn½yRtUv)aneFVIbc©úb,nñkmμCaRbcaM edayEp¥keTAelImtieyabl;epSg² edIm,IqøúHbBa©aMgBIninñakarfμI²RBmTaMgedIm,I[mankarsMerccitþtamry³karBieRKaH.

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• Tinñn½yEdlkt;sMKal;BIbMlas;bþÚrBIninñakarfμ I²BItMrUvkar nigFnFanepSg²RtUv)anpþl;CaRbcaMeTAdl; GñkRKb;RKgkm μviFIGb;rM.

• RbsinebIcaM)ac;karEkERbkm μviFInwgRtUv)aneFVIeLIgedayGnuelameTAtamlT§plénkarBinitütamdan

kMNt;sMKal;ENnaM

1> karBinitütamdan KYrEtqøúHbBa©aMgBItMrUvkarEpñkGb;rMbnþbnÞab;rbs;RkummnusSrgeRKaH ehIyvak¾KYrEtqøúH bBa©aMgBIvisalPaBEdlkm μviFInana)aneqøIytbeTAelItMrUvkarTaMgenaHEdr. karqøúHbBa©aMgenHKWedIm,I Fana[dwgfaetIkmμviFIenaHmanskm μPaBse®gÁaHTak;TgnigeqøIytbeTAnwgtMrUvkarEdrb¤eT ehIyvak¾ Gacpþl;lT§PaBkñúgkarEklMGrdl;kmμviFIse®gÁaHenaHEdr. vaBMuEmnCakarcaM)ac;eT EdlTinñn½yTaMgGs; RtUvEtRbEmRbmUledaycMnYndg (frequency) dUc² Kña. dUcenHkartak;Etgskm μPaBBinitütamdanRtUv eFVIeLIgEp¥kelIkarsMerccitþfa etIRbePTBt’mannimYy²RtUvRbEmRbmUlCaRbcaMEbbNa eyaleTAelI tMrUvkarEbbNa ehIyRtUveRbIR)as;FnFankMritNaEdrkñúgkarRbEmRbmUlTinñn½yenaH. Bt’maneRcIn RbePTGacRbEmRbmUl)anBIsalanigkm μviFIsikSaepSg²eTot ehIyBt’manTaMgenHGaccg¥úrbgðaj)an Pøam²BItMrUvkarnigbBaðanana ¬]TahrN_³ Tinñn½yénkarcUleron karlHbg;karsikSa etIkUnsisSBaaJMú GaharmuneBlcUleronb¤Gt; BIcMnYnesovePA b¤GMBIsmÖar³EdlmansMrab;eron nigbeRgon.l.¦ karBinitütamdansisSEdlmin)ancUleron RBmTaMgGMBIehtuplEdleKmincUleronb¤eKcevHBIsala enaHKWGaceFVIeTA)antamry³karcuHsaksYrdl;pÞHsisSmYycMnYnEdleyIg)aneRCIserIsBItMbn;NamYy b¤k¾GaceFVI )antamry³karCYbRbCMuCamYyRkumshKmn_.

2> ; buKÁlEdlcUlrYmkarBinitütamdan³ buKÁlEdlmanlT§PaBRbEmRbmUlBt’manBIRkummnusSTaMgGskñúgtMbn;rgeRKaH ¬kñúg\riyabTvb,Fm’EdlKYrGacTTYlyk)an¦ KYrRtUv)anbBa©Úl[cUlrYmCaBiess edaysMGageTAelIeynD½r nig CMnajPasa. karRbRBwtþEpñkvb,Fm’kñúgtMbn;mYy GacTamTar[man karBiPakSaedayELk²rvagbuKÁlEdleKTukcitþ CamYy®sþI b¤ RkummnusSPaKticTaMgLay.

3> RbB½n§Bt’manRKb;RKgGb;rM (EMIS) GacTTYlkarrMxanb¤raMgsÞHedaysareRKaHGasnñ. karRbmUl Bt’man karviPaKBt’manCamUldæan KYrRtUv)anbegáIteLIgvij ¬edayEp¥kelIeKal karN_GaTiPaB¦ tamry³kic©shRbtibtþikarGnþrPñak;gar nig karCYyKaMRT dl;GCJaFrCati. karbegáIt eLIgb¤eFVI[l¥ eLIgvij nUvRbB½n§Bt’man (EMIS) fñak;CatimYyGacTamTar[mankarBRgwgsmtßPaB nig FnFankñúg


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kMritCati tMbn; nig mUld§an edIm,IbegáIt RbEmRbmUl RKb;RKg bkRsay eRbIR)as;nigEckcayBt’man EdlTTYl)an. skm μPaBenHKYrRtUv)anp©úgepþImCabnÞan;tamkarEdlGaceFVI)ankñúgeBlmaneRKaH GasnñedayeFVIya:gNabegáIt[manRbB½n§BinitütamdanmYyEdlkMBugmandMeNIrkarkñúgdMnak;kal dMbUgénkarsßabnaeLIgvij. smsPaKsMxan;²én EMIS enaHKW kmμviFIEpñkTn; ¬Software¦ EdlRsbKña. kariyal½yGb;rMfñak;Cati nig fñak;Rsuk RBmTaMgGnuvis½yGb;rMepSg² ¬]TahrN_ viTüasßanbNþúHbNþalCati¦ KYrman Software

bEnßmedIm,I begáItnUvtaragTinñn½y Software RsbKñasMrab;CYysMrYldl;karpøas;bþÚrBt’man.

4> karBinitütamdansisS KYrEteFVIeLIgenAeBlNaEdlBYkeKbBa©b;karsikSa. karBinitütamdanGaceFVI eLIgeTAelIkarTTYl)annUvCMnajGkçrkmμ nigkarKitelx RBmTaMgkarmanlT§PaBGanÉksarkñúgfñak; eRkayGkçrkm μ (post- literacy). cMeBaHkarGb;rMviC¢aCIv³vij eKKYrrBinitütamdaneTAelI»kasman kargareFVI RBmTaMgkareRbIR)as;CMnajEdleK)aneron ehIyEdlkartamdanenaHGaceFVICaRbcaMeday buKÁlikbnÞúk nig karsikSatamdanepSg². karBinitütamdaneRkaykmμviFIsikSapþl;nUvBt’mansMxan;² dl;kartak;EtgkmμviFIsikSabnþbnÞab;mkeTot ¬sUmGanpgEdrnUvsþg;daTI4 énkarbeRgonnigsikSa enATMB½rTI87¦.

5> PaBCak;lakénTinñn½y³ karviPaKTaMgLayKYrEtmankartMkl;ÉksaredayBnül;GMBI 1>niymn½y sUcnakr 2>RbPBTinñn½y 3>viFIsa®sþénkarRbmUlTinñn½y 4>RbmUlTinñn½y nig 5>dMeNIkarénkarviPaK Bt’man. PaBminRbRktIepSg²EdlekIteLIgkñúgeBlerobcMRbEmRbmUlb¤viPaKTinñn½yKYrRtUv)an eFVIkarkt;cMNaMTukpgEdr. Tinñn½y GacRtUv)anBenøIsedayGñkpþl;Bt’manpgEdr ¬]> karbMe)a:gcMnYn sisScuHeQμaHb¤cMnYnvtþman¦ edIm,IEsVgrkkarpþl;FnFan[)aneRcInb¤edIm,IeCosvagkarsþIbenÞas epSg². buKÁlikKYrRtUv)anbNþúHbNþalbEnßmnUvviFIsa®sþcuHsaksYredayminR)ab;dMNwgCamunedIm,I begáInPaBCak;lak;énTinñn½y.


s

sþg;daviPaKTI4³ karvaytémømankavaytémøedayyutþiFm’ nig manlkçN³CaRbB½n§GMBICMnYyGb;rMedIm,IEklMGkarGnuvtþn_ nig BRgwgKNenyüPaB.

UcnakrsMxan;²³ ¬sMrab;GanCamYy kMNt;sMKal;;ENnaM¦

32

karvaytémøeTAelIeKalneya)ay kmμviFI nig lT§plénGnþraKmn_nanaRtUv)aneFVIeLIgkñúgcenøaHvKÁ GnþraKmn_d¾smRsbmYy edIm,IvaytémøeTAelIyuT§sa®sþeqøIytbTUeTA eKalbMNgGb;rMlMGit nigeKal

UmGan kMNt;sMKal;;ENnaMTI1¦.

•

b;rMkñúgshKmn_ m®nþIGb;rM fñak;Cati nig fñak;Rsuk RKUbeRgon nigkUnsisS RtUv)anbBa©ÚlkñúgskmμPaBvaytémø ¬sUmGankMNt;

• emeron nig karGnuvtþn_l¥²RtUv)anEckrMElkya:gTUlMTUlay CamYynwgshKmn_Catii nigkñúgRsukepSg²

b;rM ;rMCasakl ¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;;ENnaMTI3¦.

•

bMngénkarkarBarkumar RBmTaMgeTAelIsþg;daGb,brma ¬s

• Bt’manRtUv)anEsVgrk sþIGMBI\T§iBlEdlmin)anrMBwgTukénkareFVIGnþraKmn_.

Bt’manRtUv)anRbEmRbmUlkñúglkçN³mantmøaPaB nigGBüaRkwtüBIPaKIEdlBak;B½n§TaMgGs; rYmTaMgRkum mnusSrgeRKaH nigédKUse®gÁaHmkBIEpñkepSg²pgEdr.

• PaKIBak;B½n§TaMgGs;edayrYmTaMgRkumEdl)at;bg;plRbeyaCn_, KNkmμkarG

sMKal;;;ENnaMTI2¦

RBmTaMgCamYyshKmn_mnusSFm’pgEdr. ehIyemeron nig karGnuvtþn_enHnwgRc)ac;bBa©ÚleTAkñúgkar ts‘Umtikm μviFI nigeKalneya)ayeRkayeBlmanRKaGasnñ edIm,IrYmcMEnkkñúgkarkMNt;nUveKaledAGCati nigeKaledAGb

kMNt;sMKal;ENnaM

1> karvaytémø KYrEtRbEmRbmUlTaMgTinñn½ymanlkçN³Ca KuNPaB nigTinñn½ymanlkçN³CabrimaNedIm,I[eKGacbegáItnUvrUbPaBTUeTAmYy. Tinñn½yEdlmanlkçN³KuNPaBpþl;nUvBt’mankñúgbribT ehIyCYyBnül;BITinñn½ysßitiEdlRbEmRbmUl)an. Tinñn½yKuNvis½yenHGacRbmUl)antamry³ karsmÖasn_ karsegát nigÉksarEdlmanRsab;epSg²cMENkÉTinñn½yCabrimaNGacRbEmRbmUl


33

)antamry³karsÞg;mtinigkMrgsMNYr. karvaytémøKYrEteFVIkar)a:n;sμanya:gTUlMTUlayeTAelICMnYyCamnusS smÖar³ nig hirBaØvtßú eTAelI lT§PaBcUleronrbs;sisS karmkeron karbBa©ÚlBYkeKkñúgsalanigkarkarBar EbbbTénkarbeRgon nigkareron karecHcaM nigkarbBa¢ak;karsikSa karbNþúHbNþalRKUEdlkMBugbeRgon \T§iBl TAelIkareronsURténsisSmñak;² edayrYmTaMg»kasénkarsikSabnþnigkarTTYl)ankargareFVInigeTA elIplb:HBal;cMeBaHshKmn_TaMgmUl.

2> karBRgwgsmtßPaBtamry³karvaytMél³ fvikasMrab;karvaytémøKYrEtEbgEckeTAelIcMNaysMrab; eFVIsikçasalaCamYyPaKIBak;B½n§nanaedIm,IENnaM[manGtßn½yénkarvaytémø begáItRkbx½NÐ nig dMeNIrkarvaytémøedayykkarcUlrYmcMENkeFVICamUldæan RBmTaMgedIm,IBinitüeLIgvijnigbkRsay rYmKñaGMBIlT§plTTYl)an. vaCaGtßRbeyaCn_d¾BiessmYy kñúgkarbBa©ÚlbuKÁlik km μviFIGb;rM[rYmcMEnk kñúgdMeNIrkarvaytémø. RbkarenHGacCYy[BYkeK begáItnUvKMnitCamUldæan kñúgPaBCam©as;nig sMrab;karGnuvtþ Gnusasn_naeBleRkay²eTot. GñkTTYlplRbeyaCn_BI KMeragkmμviFI ¬]³ RKUbeRgon nigbuKÁlikGb;rMCaedIm¦ k¾GacelIkeLIgnUvkarlM)akCak;EsþgmYycMnYnEdlBYkeK)anCYbRbTH RBmTaMg GMBIkarlM)akTaMgLayEdleKnwgGacCYbRbTHkñúgkarGnuvtþGnusasn_NamYy.

3> karEckrMElklT§pl nig emeron EdlTTYl)an³ GñkvaytémøKYrRtUv)anR)ab;[sresrr)aykarN_mYy edaybBa©ÚlkñúgCMBUkdMbUgnUvGVIEdleKGacEckrMElkCasaFarN³ nigkñúgCMBUkbnÞab;mkeTotnUvlT§pl EdlCakarsMgat; b¤ karrkeXIjEdlCa Bt’manépÞkñúg EdleKminGacEckrMElkCasaFarN³)an.


34

sþg;daGb,brmaTUeTA sMrab;RKb;cMNat;fñak;³ ]bsm<½n§TaMgLay ]bsm<½n§TI 1³ Rkbx½NÐénkarvaytémø

karkarBar ¬Epñkragkay c,ab; nig smÖar³¦ siT§imnusS/ nItirdæ

mrNb,maN (mortality)

PaBmanCMgW (morbidity) sßanPaBGaharbMb:n karmanlT§PaB

TTYl)annUvTwkEdl GacErk dg

mkeRbIR)as;)an

karmanlT§PaB TTYl)annUvesvakmμ

suxPaBmUldæan GaharbMb:n nig citþsa®sþsgÁm

karBaaJMú Gahar

karman nig PaBRKb;RKan;

énCMrk

Gkb,kiriya EdlnaM[man

suxPaBl¥

kMriténkareFVIGnam½y

snþisuxes,óg karGnuvtþn_esvakmμsuxPaB GaharbMb:n nigcitþsa®sþsgÁm bribTesdækic© nigTIpSarrbs;

RKYsar

karGb;rM bribTsgÁm nig vb,Fm’

vismPaB

karviPa

KeTAel

IsmtßP

aB nig

RkumEdl

gayTT

Ylkarrg

eRKaH ¬

]Tah

rN_³ ey

nD½r

edayr

YmbBa©Úl

nUvkarEb

gEckG

ayu nig

ePT ¦

karrYm

cMEnk

bribTCati neya)ay esdækic© Rbvtiþsa®sþ sgÁm smtßPaBrdæaPi)al

ehdæarcnasm<½n§ RbB½n§ PUmisa®sþ GakasFatu eRKaHmhnþrayFmμCati GgÁkarGnþrCati>>>>>>>>>>.l.

TIpSarCati kMBugdMeNIrkar ¬ehIydUcenHvakat;bnßytMrUvkarnUvkar

CYy]btßmÖBIxageRkA¦b¤mindMeNIrkar?

RbCasa®sþ ¬cMnYnRbCaCnsrub/ RkummnusSEdlgayTTYlkarrgeRKaH/ TMhMénRbCaCnkñugtμbn;/ GñkEdlpøas;TIkEnøg GñkEdl)at;xøÜn r)ayGayu nig ePT>>>.l.¦

Rkbx½NÐvaytémø RtUv)aneRbICamUldæanénkarBiPakSanigkarviPaKedIm,I[)anyl;rYmKñanUvtMrUvkarrbs;Rkum mnusSNamYy. karviPaKenHRc)ac;bBa©ÚlKñanUvPsþútagnigkarvinic½äy. Rkbx½NÐvaytémømankarEck ecjCaEpñkepSg²sMrab;eFVVIkarvaytémø ¬EdlCaerOgra:vEdlKYr[BicarNa¦ EtBMuEmnCatMrUvkarenaHeT. Rkbx½NÐvaytémø RKan;EtesñIreLIgnUvEpñkepSg²sMrab;eFVIkarvaytémøb:uEnþvaBMuTan;manlkçN³eBjelj RKb;RCugeRCayenAeLIyeT dUcenH vaTamTar[mankarbMeBjbEnßmeTotBIRKb;cMNat;fñak;TaMgGs;edIm,ICYy dl;RkumEdleFVIkarvaytémø []bkrN_eFVIviPaKkan;EtsuRkitEfmeTot. TMraMEtviFIsa®sþvaytémøTaMgenH RtUv)anbegáIteLIg RkumvaytémøGaceFVIkareRCIserIs faKYreFVIy:agNaedIm,IBnül;GMBITMnak;TMngrvagehtu nigplénEpñksMrab;eFVIkarvaytémøepSg²)an. Rkbx½NÐenH)anpþl;nUvevTikasIusgVak;KñanigmantmøaPaB mYysMrab;EckrMElkBt’manCamYyKñaedIm,IerobcMEpnkarpþl;karCYyse®gÁaHmnusSFm’ ¬CaGaTiPaB¦ eTA elItMbn;EdlmaneRKaHvibtþi. Rkbx½NÐenH vamancMNucKYrvaytémøCalMdab;lMedaytamCan;fñak; b:uEnþvaBMu )anbBa¢ak;BICMnYyse®gÁaHCaGaTiPaBNamYyeT. Rkbx½NÐenH)anbgðajfaEpñkepSg²mankarBak;B½n§nwgKña


35

eTAvijeTAmk. EpñknimYy²enHKYrEtRtUv)anvaytémøedayELkBIKña ¬dUcCa EpñkGb;rM¦ nigbBa©ÚlKña ¬dUcCa \T§iBlénsßanPaBGb;rMeTAelIEpñkepSg²eTotkñúgRkbx½NÐenH¦. karkarBar/ siT§imnusS/ nItirdæ suT§EtCa bBaðarYm EdlTamTar[vaytémøedayELkBIKña nig[sIuCeRmA. cMNuccab;epþImsMrab;eFVIkarvaytémø KWGac BIPUmisa®sþ b¤BIRkummnusS.

RbPB³ Rkbx½NÐvaytémø RtUv)anbegáIteLIgedayKNkmμkarnaykGnþrRksYg (IASC), GnuRkumkargar CAP ehIyTTYlkarEk sMrYlkñúgsikçsala EdlcUlrYmedayPaKIm©as;CMnYy/ Pñak;gar UN/ kak)aTRkhm nig NGOs enAéf¶TI 25 mkra 2004.


36

m

3> sßirPaBénsßankarN_ aB ¬ry³xøI/ ry³mFüm¦ b¤k¾kMBugEtERbRbYl?

RKaHGasnñmYyf μ I b¤k¾mankar

• enaH?

4>

bB½n§Gb;rMEdlkMBugdMeNIrkar b¤ Gt;?

)ay brikçaGnam½y XøaMg>>>.l.¦

]bsm<½n§TI 2³ karerobcMEpnkarkñúgeBlmaneRKaHGasnñ³ taragBinitüsMrab;viPaKsßankarN_ GñkRtUvsÁal; nig yl;dwgBI ktþaTaMgLay bBaðaepSg² mnusS nig sßab½nnana edIm,IerobcMEpnkar nigGnuvtþkm μviFI.

1> karvaytémømUldæan • etIeKRtUvkarTinñn½yGVIxøHsMrab;karsikSamUldæan? • etIGñkRtUvkarTinñn½yGVIxøHedIm,IerobcMEpnkarGnuvtþ. etIGVIxøHEdlman? ]TahrN_ TItaMgsalaeron

¬cMnYn nig TItaMg¦ cMnYnsisSEdl)anrMBwgTuk cMnYnRKUbeRgon>>>.l. • etIman»kasNa b¤Gt; kñúgkarRbmUlTinñn½ymUldæan munnwgGñkcab;epþImkm μviFI?

2> lkçN³énsßankarN_ • etIGVIeTACalkçN³énsßankarN_ ¬cab;epþImyWt² b¤ ekIteLIgPøam²¦? • etI anRkum ¬vb,Fm’ Gayu eynD½r>>>.l.¦ NamYyeTEdlgaynwgrgeRKaH b¤kMBugTTYl\T§iBlBIeRKaH

Gasnñ?

• etIsßankarN_mansßirP

• etImanehtukarN_EdlGacBüakrN_)anEdr b¤eT? ¬dUcCakarekIteLIgnUvepøas;bþÚrRTg;RTayFMcMeBaHeRKaHGasnñ EdlkMBugEtekIteLIg¦ etImanktþaKYr[kt;sMKal;GVIxøH EdlnaM[mankarpøas;bþÚrPøam² nigCaBiess

RbB½n§Gb;rMnaeBlbc©úb,nñ RbB½n§Gb;rMMM • etImanR• etImanbB½n§Gb;rMEdlkMBugdMeNIrkarelIsBImYy b¤Gt; enAkñugcMeNamRkummnusSEdlCaeKal edA? • etIeRKaHGasnñenH CH\T§iBlEbbNaxøHcMeBaHRbB½n§Gb;rMnaeBlbc©úb,nñenH? • etImanPaBxVHxat b¤mhnþraydl;GaKar nigehdæarcnasm<½n§sikSaEdrb¤eT? ¬pÞH


37

• anPaBdUcKñaeTcMeBaHkumaranigkumarI r WcMeBaHkumarEdlmkBItMbn; b¤RkumCatisasn_

• ancuHeQμaHcUleronEdrb¤eT? etIkumar)ancUleronCaRbcaMb¤eT? ebIBMumaneT ehtuGVI?

a kgVHCIvCatiTUeTA¦?

k•

• etIRKUbeRgon maneRbIsmÖar³CMnYykñúgkarbeRgonnigeron Edrb¤eT? bNþalRKU b¤ bNþúHbNþalRKUeLIgvijEdrb¤eT?

n§½ RBmTaMgkm μviFIbNþúHbNþalCMnajepSg²Edr b¤eT? ¬]> sMrab; Uleron nig/b¤RkumrgeRKaHCaBiessNamYy¦

5k

•

bcMEpnkarGVI? RtUvelIFnFanGVI?

UvelIkarsMerccitþGVI?

uk¦

Rsuk ¬Rsbc,ab; b¤ sþITI¦ y:agNaEdr?

ksala/ smaKmRKU nig GaNaBüa)al¦

• etIsßanPaBsikSaenAeBlbc©úb,nñmansPaBy:agNaEdr? ¬TIFøa sMPar³ fñak;erog nig buKÁlik .l.¦ etIsßankarN_mepSg²Kña>>>.l.? etIkumar)

• etIkumarEdlkMBugeron RtUvTTYl\T§iBlBIkareRskXøan b¤eT? ¬]TahrN_ BMumanGahareBlRBwk/ cMgaypøÚvq¶ayBIsal

• etIkumarkMBugEtTTYl\T§iBlBIkarkgVHmIRkU sarCatiCamUldæanNamYyEdr b¤eT? etIxVHGVI?

m μviFIsikSa nig karbeRgon etImankmμviFIsikSarYm b¤eT?

• etIkarbeRgon eRbIPasarYmNamYyEdrb¤eT?

• etIRtUvkar[mankarbNþúH• etIRtUvkar[mankarGb;rMeRkARbB

¬kumar¦ TahanEdlrMsay/ ekμgEdlBMuTan;)anc

> Pat;sMKal;PaKIBak;B½n§sMxan;² KIBak;B½n§sMxan;²

• etInrNamñak;kMBugeFVIGVI? etInrNamñak;kMBugTTUlxusRtUvelIGVI?

• etInrNamñak;kMBugero• etInrNamñak;kMBugTTYlxus• etInrNamñak;kMBugTTYlxusRt• GgÁkarGnþrCatiepSg²

ÁkareRkArdæaPi)al ¬GnþrCati nig kñúgRs• Gg• rdæaPi)al³

- etIsßanPaBbc©úb,nñ rbs;rdæaPi)alCati nig kñúg- etIGñkNakMBugcat;EcgRKb;RKgvis½yGb;rM?

• salaeron ¬RKUbeRgon nay


38

• shKmn_ ¬GñkdwknaM cas;TMu Rkumsasna smaKm®sþI buKÁliksuxPaB b¤ RkumshKmn_epSg²eTot¦

§RKYsar b¤eT? arI¦

6sMrab;karGb;rM ¬sUmGanpgEdrnUv }RbB½n§Gb;rMbc©úb,nñ} xagelI¦ •

•

• a?

ar

r? gGahar ¬pÞH)aysala XøaMg ]bkrN_cMGin nig

cay/ b¤XøaMgsþúkTukb¤eT? a ehIyedayrh½sEbbNaEdl

• ,nñenH? an Edrb¤eT?

7 GnaKt s• r b¤eT?

uvtßiPaBEdr b¤eT?

• RKYsar - etIGVIeTACarcnasm<½n§RKYsarEdlman\T§iBlCageK? - etIeRKaHGasnñ)anCH\T§iBleTAelIrcnasm<½n- etIGñkNaCaGñksMerccitþGMBIkarTTYlkarGb;rMrbs;kumar ¬CaBiesskum

> FnFanEdlman

etImanTIFøasuvtßiPaBsMrab;eronsURtb¤eT? etIGKarsikSaEdlmankMBugeRbIkarTaMgRsugb¤eT? etImancMnYnRKU nig buKÁliksikSaRKb;cMnYnb¤eT sMrab;dMeNIrkarRbcaMéf¶rbs;sal

sMrab;CMnYyes,ógGah• etImanPaBbnÞan; b¤ET kñúgkarEckcayes,ógGahar? • etImanbuKÁlikNaxøH sMrab;erobcMes,ógGaha• etImanGKar b¤ smÖar³GVIxøHsMrab;eRbIkñúgkarerobcMes,ó

BaaMJúGahar Gus b¤ GussMrab;cMGin RbPBTwk¦? • etGaceFVIeTArYcEdr b¤eT kñúgkarbegáIt[manbrikçaTaMgenaH? • etIman dwkCBa¢Ún/ Eck• etIes,ógGaharNaxøH Edlnwgman? etIvaGacykmkBIN

vaGacbBa¢ÚneTATItaMgEckcayes,óg? • etImankmμviFIsuxPaBsikSa EdlbEnßmeTAelIkm μviFIenH b¤eTIberobcMEdrb¤eT?

etImankarebþCJacitþBIm©as;CMnYyEdrb¤eT naeBlbc©úb• etImanédKUrkargarEdlmanskþanuBl EdlGacGnuvtþkmμviFIenH)

> ]bsKÁEdlekItmanbc©úb,nñ nig EdlGacmannaeBlnþisux

etImanTIkEnøgsuvtßiPaBsMrab;karsikSaEd• etIkumar RKUbeRgonnigbuKÁlikse®gÁaHGacmanlT§PaBmkkan;brisßansikSaedays


39

• etImankEnøgsuvtßiPaBsMrab;erobcM nig Eckcayes,ógGaharEdr b¤eT?

• etIkEnøgsþúkTukes,ógGaharmansuvtßiPaB b¤eT?

ñkeynD½r nig RkumBUCsasn_ D½rNamYy b¤ epSg²eTotb¤eT?

P GnuvtþskmμPaBEdr b¤eT?

areRCamERCgBIsMNak;fñak;dwknaM neya)ay b¤ fñak;dwknaMmUldæanEdr b¤eT? ebIBMumaneT etIehtuGVI?

ayK μankareRCamERCgTaMgenHEdr b¤eT?

ak;Etgkm μviFIeLIgedIm,IbegáIt nig¼b¤Tak;TajkarCYyeRCamERCg)anEdr b¤eT?

sMrYlecjBI³ km μviFIes,ógGaharBiPBelak/ karerobcM[mankarpþl;GahartamsalaeronkñúgRKaGasnñ-karviPaKsßankarN_/ artak;Etgkm μviFI/ karGnuvtþn_ 2004. http://www.wfp.org

• etImansuvtßiPaBeTcMeBaHkardwkCBa¢Ún nig Eckcayes,ógGahar?

]bsKÁEp• etIman]bsKÁ/ bBaðaCaBiessNamYycMeBaHRkumeyn• etIman]bsKÁ/ bBaðaCaBiessNamYycMeBaHRkum ¬Catisasn_enAkñúgtMbn;¦ epSg²KñaEdr b¤eT?

aBRsbc,ab; • etImanédKUc,as;las;NamYykñúgrdæaPi)alsMrab;CYyerobcMEpnkar nig• etIkarbegáIt nigkarKaMRTdl;skm μPaBGb;rM TTYl)ank

• etImanhniP½ykñúgkarGnuvtþkmμviFIed• etIkarpllM)akGVIxøH kñúgkarGnuvtþkm μviFIedayK μankareRCamERCgTaMgenH? • etIkarGnuvtþkm μviFIedayKμankareRCamERCgTaMgenH GacEktMrUvEdr b¤eT? • etIeKGacbegáItPaBCaédKUr)anEdr b¤eT?

IeKGact• et

Ekk


40

bsm<½n§TI3³ karRbmUlBt’man nigtMrUvkarénkar):an;RbmaN aragsMnYr

ItaMg³ _______________________________________________________________________________

ePTéneRKaHGasnñ³___________________________________________________________________

BaðacMbg³____________________________________________________________________________

ImansalaeronNaxøH EdlkMBugdMeNIrkarbeRgon?

]t

TRbb

et)aT/ cas+ b¤ eT TItaMg cMnYnkumarEdlkMBugeronsURt

kumarI kumara __________________ ________________________________ ___________ _________ __________________ ________________________________ ___________ _________ __________________ ________________________________ ___________ _________

1> mUlehtucMbg nig¼b¤ )atuPaBénbBaða GaKarsikSaRtUv)anbMpøaj RKU BMubeRgoneTebIBMumanR)ak;kMér TwkenAkñúgsalaBMumansuvtßiPaB¼minmanTwk kareFVIdMeNIrmaneRKaHfñak; kumarBMu)ancUleron¼enAeRkAsala RKUbeRgon)ancUlbMerIkgT½B ]bkrN_¼smÖar³sikSaminRKb;RKan; kumarxøHenAmanGarm μN__P½yxøac/ søút RKYsarBMumanlT§PaBTijsmÖar³sikSa kumarxøHBikar RKU)ancakecj)at; b¤mankarP½yxøac kumarxøH)ancUlbMerIkgT½B BMumanmnusScas;ecHdwgedIm,ICMnYsRKU²

2> karkt;sMKal;BIcMnYnkumar srub kumarI kumara cMnYnkumar __________ __________ _________

0-5 qñaM ________% ________ % ________%

6-13 qñaM ________% ________ % ________%

14-18 qñaM ________% ________ % ________%

kumarEdlCaRbCaCncas; ________% ________ % ________%

kumarEdlCaGñkcMNUlf μ I ________% ________ % ________%


41

srub kumarI kumara ticCag es μ IKña eRcInCag ticCag es μ IKña eRcInCag ticCag es μ IKña eRcInCag

ticCag es μ IKña eRcInCag ticCag es μ IKña eRcInCag ticCag es μ IKña eRcInCag ticCag es μ IKña eRcInCag ticCag es μ IKña eRcInCag ticCag es μ IKña eRcInCag

8 qñaM ticCag es μ IKña eRcInCag ticCag es μ IKña eRcInCag ticCag es μ IKña eRcInCag g ticCag es μ IKña eRcInCag ticCag es μ IKña eRcInCag

cMNUlfμ I ticCag e cInCag ticCag es μ IKñ Cag

sUmBn

3> kareRbobeFobCamYyeBlmunmaneRKaHGasnñ

cMnYnkumar0- 5 qñaM 6-13 qñaM 14-1

kumarEdlCaRbCaCncas; ticCag es μ IKña eRcInCakumarEdlCaGñk s μ IKña eR a eRcInCag ticCag es μ IKña eRcIn

ül;cMNucxusKñaFM²TaMgLayéneynD½r

etImancMNucsMxan;²NaeToteTEdlRtUvepþatkaredaHRsay dUcCa vtþmanénRkumCatisasn_NamYy? sUmBnül;

4> etIkumarmankMritGb;rMya:gNaEdr? ü karGb;rMfñak;metþy karGb;rMfñak;bzmsikSa karGb;rMfñak;mFümsikSa

cMnYn%énRkumGayu Edl)anbBa©b; ________ _________________ ___________________ _______

5> e

______________

Sg² ¬bBa¢ak;¦

6k>

tIPasaNaxøHEdlkumar)aneRbI? PasakMenIt niyay sresr

PasakñúgRsuk ¬bBa¢ak;¦ ______________

______________

Pasaep ______________

______________ ______________

etIGñkmanEpnTIkñúgtMbn;EdlmankarbgðajGMBIGaKarTaMgLayrbs;shKmn_ ¬]TahrN_ salaeron/ mNÐl suxPaB/ RBHviharkatUlik¦ Edrb¤eT?


42

6x>

6K> AnwgsMnYr 6x K IE

7> etImanTItaMgNa EdlGaceRbIsMrab;Cafñak;eron)an? cMnYnkumarEdlGacpÞúk)an

ebIcMelIyeTAnwgsMnYr 6k KW }Gt;maneT} etIGñkGacrkEpnTImYy)anEdr b¤eT?

ebIcMelIye W }eT} rR)ab;BIviFIedIm, sVgrk t’manenH T cU B

þarnItism,Ta _______________________

_______________________

p

G _______________________

8> geRk b¤eT?

salaeron b¤ fñak;eron _______________________

mNÐlsCMrk enAx geRkA ¬eRkammøb; / ea dImeQI¦ _______________________

ÞH aKarsasna _______________________

KøInik epSg² ¬sUmbBa¢ak;¦ _______________________

etIeKGaceTAkan;kEnøgxa amenH)angayRsYl enAnwgkEnøg enAcMgay ¬>>>>>Em:Rt¦ BMumanRbPBTwk ¬sUmbBa¢ak;¦

kEnøggUtTwk (Showers) bgÁn;

GK

kEnøglubmux

GKareBTü arsMrab;CnBikar


43

ePøIgGKÁisnI

0-25%

9> etIkñúgcMgayb:uNÑaEdr EdlkumarRtUveFVIdMeNIreTAeron? 26-50% 51-75% 76-100%

¬CaEm:Rt¦ ¬%énRkumkumar¦ ______ ___________

%00 eTA 1000Em:Rt __________ _________ ___________ ___________ elIsBI 1000Em:Rt __________ _________ ___________ ___________

¬%énRkumkumar¦ Cag __________ _________ _____

__________ _________ ___________ ___________ __________ _________ ___________ ___________

10> arRtUvman)anCYyeFVIkarpÞH b¤ kargarep ot b¤eT? kumar

%00Em:Rt b¤ ticCag __________ _________ _____

¬Caém:y_¦ knøHém:y_ b¤ tic ___________ ______

knøH eTA mYyém:y elIsBImYyém:y_

etIkum Sg²eT I kumara% __________

em:agkñúg1 __ ___________

___________

éf¶ ________

wk b¤ éf¶ ________ ______

11 Öar³sikSaEdlman mancMnYnb:un μan ¬cMnYnRbEhl¦ ehIyRtUvkarb:unμan? Edlman

eRcInEteBlRB __ _____

> etIsm¬sMrab;kumarmñak;¦ EdlRtUvkar

___________

________

________ ________

ub ________

at; ________ ________

___________

esovePABum< __________ ___________

muxviC¢aTI1 __________ ___________

muxviC¢aTI2 __________ ___________

muxviC¢aTI3 __________

kþarQñÜn __ ___________

dIs __ ___

Rbdab;l __ ___________

esovePAlMh __ ___

b‘íc/ ex μAéd __________


44

μAéd ________ ________

___________

12>Edlman

Rbdab;lubex __ ___

ex μAédBN’ __________

pSg² ¬sUmbBa¢ak;¦ __________e ___________

etIsmÖar³beRgonEdlman mancMnYnb:unμan ¬cMnYnRbEhl¦ ehIyetIRtUvkarb:unμan? ¬kñúg1fñak;¦ EdlRtUvkar

on __________ ___________

__________ ___________

/ EpnTI __________ ___________

__________ ___________

_______

Sg² ¬sUmbBa¢ak;¦ __________ ___________

13> gcMnYn

esovePAENnaMkarbeRgesovePAkMNt;ehtu __________ ___________

kaþrexon __________ ___________

RbGb;dIs

taragbittamCBa¢aMgb‘íc/ ex μAéd

smÖar³kariyal½y __________ ____

epsmÖar³kMsanþ __________ ___________

etIGñkNaEdlmaneBl b¤GacmaneBledIm,IbeR onkumar? ®sþI ¬%¦ burs¬%¦

RKUbeRgonEdl)anbNþúHbNþal __________ __________ _________

GñkmanGaCIBBiess¬viCa¢CIv³RbEhlRKUb _______ __________ _________

GñkmanGaCIBepSg²eTot¬evC¢sa®sþ/evC¢

essGepSg² ¬sUmbBa¢ak;¦

eRgon¦ ___

sa®sþBiess¦ _________ __________ _________

k μgFM² __________ __________ _________

maCikshKmn_ __________ __________ _________

maCik NGO __________ __________ _________

ñksμ½RKcitþ __________ __________ _________

__________ __________ _________


45

14> etImanFnFanmnusSeBjv½yNaxøH EdlGacCYydl;RKUbeRgon)an? cMnYn ®sþI ¬%¦ burs¬%¦ kMritGb;rM

G _______

________

________

s __ ________ ________

s ________ ________ _________ ________

G ________ ________ _________ ________

epSg² ¬sUmbBa¢ak;¦ ________ ________ _________ ________

15> b¤eT? %énRkumkumar

ñkmanGaCIBBiess ________ ________ _________ _

GñkmanGaCIBepSgeTot ¬]> eBTü¦ ________ ________ _________

e _ ____ _______ k μgFM² _______ ____ __

______ _________maCikshKmn_ maCik NGO

itþ ñksμ½RKc

etIkumarRtUv)aneKCUneTAeron

edayRKYsareKTaMgmUl _____________________

eday«Bukb¤mþay ¬ya:gehacNas;¦ _____________________

e

________________

edayGñksμ ½RKcitþ _____________________

16>

daybg² _____________________

edaysmaCikRKYsard¾éTeTot _____

eTAEtmñak;Ég _____________________

etIGñkNaCaemRKYsar? %énRkumkumar

mþay _____________________

«Buk __ __________ ___ ______

epSgeTot ¬bBa¢ak;¦ _____________________

umarepSgeTot ¬bgRbus¦ _____________________

Sg² ¬sUmbBa¢ak;¦ _____________________

mnusSeBjv½y

kumarepSgeTot ¬bgRsI¦ _____________________

kep


46

17> Rbvtþiesdækic©rbs;RKYsarkumar? %

_ _ ____ __

_____________________

_____________________

;¦ _____________________

18>

___________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________

sarsþIBIeRKaHfñak; EdlGacekItmandUcCa RKab;mInCaedIm __________________

________________________ _ __________

_____________ __________

____________________________________________________

19>

manl μm mantictYc BMuman

_____________________

________ 2.________________________

ksikr _____ __ _____ _

sib,kr cr _____________________RkumBen

GñkciBa©wmstV sUmbBa¢akepSg² ¬

etImansarBiess²NaxøHEdlRtUvpþl;dl;kumar? sarsþIGMBIGnam½y______________________________________________________________

_

sarsuxPaB____________________

_____________________________

_____________

___________________ _____________________ _

bMNinCIvit ¬sUmbBa¢ak;¦_________________________________________________________

______________________________ _______________________

epSg² ¬sUmbBa¢ak;¦____________________________________________________________

________________________

vtþmanénsßab½nsMxan;² EdlkMBugdMeNIrkarkñúgtMbn;rgeRKaH ¬sUmbBa¢ak;bgðajnUveQμaHmYycMnYnrbs; sßab½nenaH¦

KNkmμkarshKmn_ maneRcIn 1 ________________________.

2.___

FnFanRksYgGb;rM maneRcIn manl μm mantictYc BMuman 1.________________________ 2.________________________

viTüasßanbNþúHbNþalRKUbeRgon maneRcIn manl μm mantictYc BMuman 1.________________


47

M maneRcIn manl μm mantictYc BMuman ____________________ ___________________

manl μm mantictYc BMuman

RbPB³ UNICEF

NGOs kñúgRsukEdlskmμEpñkGb;r1.____

2._____

NGO GnþrCatiEdlskmμEpñkGb;rM maneRcIn manl μm mantictYc BMuman 1.________________________ 2.________________________

Pñak;garGgÁkarshRbCaCati maneRcIn 1.________________________ 2._________

_______________

epSg² ¬sUmbBa¢ak;¦ maneRcIn manlμm mantictYc BMuman 1.________________________ 2.________________________

karTTYlyk nig brisßansikSa

2> karTTYlyk nig brisßansikSa

esckþIepþIm

kñúgkMLúgeBlmaneRKaHGasnñ siT§çicMbg nigFnFan sMrab;TTYl)annUvkarGb;rM mankMritkMNt;. k¾b:uEnþ kar [RkumCn aH m §PaBtTl wgsßank lekIt Gb;rMmantYnaTIy:agsMxan;kñúgkarCYy rgeRK anlT ;eTAn arN_EdmaneRBaHkarGb;rMeFVI[BYkeKTTYlnUvcMenHdwg nigCMnajbEnßmeTotsMrab;karrs;ran nigsMrab;naMmkvij nUvP ;rM aBFmμtakñúgCIvitrbs;eK. CamYyKñaenHEdr vaeRcInEtmanPaBs μ úKsμajkñúgkarcat;EcgskmμPaBGbkñúgRKamanGasnñ ehIyvaCaeRKaHfñak;mYy EdlRkumgaynwgrgeRKaHNamYyenaHBMumanlT§PaBTTYlkar Gb;rMEdl)anpþl;[. rdæaPi)al shKmn_ nig GgÁkarmnusSFm’manParkic© edIm,IFana[)anfa buKÁlRKb;²rUbman»kasedIm,ITTYlkarGb;rMEdlBak;Bn§½ KuNPaBéNkarGb;rM ehIybrisßansikSaRtUvman suvtßiPaB nig pþl;TaMgkarkarBar nig suxmalPaBpøÚvcitþ GarmμN_ nig ragkaydl;GñksikSa.

km μviFIGb;rMkñúgRKaGasnñ Gacpþl;karkarBarEpñkragkay sgÁm nig bBaØadl;GñksikSa CaBiess cMeBaHkumar ig yuvv½y nigbuKÁlikGb;rM. k¾b:uEnþ CaerOy² GñksikSaeRcInCYbRbTHnUveRKaHfñak;Epñkragkay nigpøÚvcitþ enA lEdleKeFVIdMeNIreTA nigmkBIsala RBmTaMgenAkñúgbrisßansikSaxøÜnÉgpgEdr. bBaðaTaMgenH CH\T§iBl

l;kumarI nigRKUbeRgonCa®sþIePT EdlCaPaKtic. kñúgkarpþl;nUvesvakmμGb;rM vaCaktBVkic©kñúgkarFana )anfa sisSTaMgGs;mansuvtßiPaBTaMgkareFVIdMeNIreTA nigmkBIsala RBmTaMgenAkñúgbrisßansikSapg r.

KYrEtpþl;[sisSnUv»kasTTYlkarGb;rMkñúgRbB½n§ nigeRkARbB½n§ eTAtamlMdab;fñak;bnþbnÞab;KñamYy. b;rMkñúgRbB½n§ BMumanlT§PaBpþl;)anedayPøam²eTbnÞab;BIkarekItmannUveRKaHGasnñenaH km μ

viFIGb;rMKYrEterobcM[manskm μPaBkMsanþsb,ay ¬kILa/ El,g¦ skm μPaBGb;rMeRkARbB½n§ kmμviFIeron bMb:nbEnßmdl;ek μgFM² ¬RbsinebIcaM)ac;¦ »kassMrab;[yuvv½y rkSanigbegáItCMnajsikSa sMxan;²

neBd[Ed

eKRbsinebI karG

48


RBmTaMgkarGb;rMeRkARbB½n§ b¤karbNþúHbNþalCMn

asnñ.

BerIseGIgenaHeT. Gñkpþl;karGb;rMRtUvEt)a:n;sμanBItMrUvkarcaM)ac;NamYyrbs;RkumCnEdlgayrgeRKaH CaCnBikar ek μgRsICMTg; kumarEdlBak;B½n§nwgkgRbdab;GavuF kumarEdleKRtUveKe)aHbg; mþayEdl

;>>>.l. edIm,IFana[)anfaBYkeKTaMgenaHTTYl)aRbeyaCn_BI»kas énkarGb;rM. GnþraKmn_ EpñkGb;rMminKYrEtepþatEteTAelIkarpþl;nUvesvakmμGb;rMkñúgnigeRkARbB½n§Etb:ueNÑaHeT EteKKYrEtepþatpgEdr

bBa©ÚlnUvkar UlrYmcMEnkrbs;shKmn_ FnFanmUldæan kar)a:n;s μandMbUg kareqøIytb karBinitütamdan nig karvay

témø. CaBiess eKKYrEtCMruj[mankarcUlrYmCaGtibrmaBIsMNak;RkumCnrgeRKaHedayeRKaHmhnþray

ajdl;kumar yuvv½y nigmnusSeBjv½y EdlminTan; )ancab;epþIm b¤minTan;)anbBa©b;karGb;rMCamUldæanenAeLIyeT.

Rkum b¤buKÁlmYycMnYnmankarlM)akerog²xøÜn edIm,ITTYl)ankarGb;rMkñúgsßankarN_maneRKaHGaHCay:agNak¾edayK μanbuKÁlNamñakKYrRtUv)anbdiesFmin[TTYlkarGb;rMb¤»kaseronsURteRBaHEteT

PadUcsßitenAv½yCMTg

eTAelIkaredaHRsay]bsKÁnana dUcCakar erIseGIg éføQñÜlsala nig]bsKÁPasaEdlRbkar TaMgenHkat;pþac;RkumxøHecjBIkarsikSa. CaBiessrTAeToteKRtUvkar[mankarpþl;»kasbEnßmeTot eTaHCakñúgb¤eRkARbB½n§b¤CakarbNþúHbNþalviC¢aCIv³k¾edayedIm,IedaHRsaytMrUvkarrbs;kumarInig®sþIEdlBMu )anTTYlkarGb;rM b¤GñkEdlCYbRbTH]bsKÁkñúgkarbnþkarGb;rM rbs;BYkeK.

TMnak;TMngCamYynwgsþg;daTUeTAsMrab;RKb;cMNat;fñak;

dMeNIrkarénkarbegáItnigGnuvtþkm μviFIGb;rMKWCaktþasMxan;mYyedIm,IkMNt;nUvRbsiT§PaBénCMnYyEpñkGb;rM enaH. CMBUkenH KYrRtUv)aneRbIR)as;RsbCamYynwgsþg;daTUeTAsMrab;RKb;cMNat;fñak;edayrYmc

edayrab;bBa©ÚltaMgBI RkumCngayTTYlkarrgeRKaHepSg²eTotpg edIm,IFana[)annUvPaBRtwmRtUvnig KuNPaBénkarCYy.

sþg;daGb,brma³ sþg;daTaMgenHmanlkçN³EbbKuNPaB ehIybBa¢ak;kMritGb,brmaEdlnwgsMerc)ankñúg karpþl;CMnYyGb;rM. sUcnakrsMxan;²³ KWCa {sBaØa} Edlbgðajfa etIsþg;daRtUv)ansMerc b¤eT. sUcnakrTaMgenH pþl;nUvviFI mYysMrab;vas; nigbgðajplb:HBal;b¤lT§plénkmμviFIRBmTaMgdMeNIrkarb¤viFIsaRsþEdleRbI. sUcnakr TaMgenH GacmanlkçN³EbbKuNPaB b¤brimaN.

49


kMNt;sMKal;ENnaM³ rYmmancMNucCak;lak;edIm,IBicarNaenAeBlGnuvtþsþg;da nigsUcnakrkñúgsßanPaB epSg²Kña karENnaMGMBIkaredaHRsaykarlM)akCak;Esþg nigdMbUn μanGMBIbBaðaGaTiPaB. kMNt;sMKal;ENnaM GacrYmbBa©ÚlpgEdrnUvbBaðasMxan;²EdlTak;Tgnwgsþg;da b¤sUcnakr nigerobrab;GMBICMerIs EdlBi)aksMerc PaBcMrUgcMras; b¤cenøaHRbehagenAkñúgcMeNHdwgbc©úb,nñ. ]bsm<½n§2 rYmman tarageRCIserIsÉksareyag EdlbgðajRbPBBt’manGMBIbBaðaTUeTA nig bBaðabec©keTsCak;lak; EdlTak;TgnwgEpñkenH.

50



sþg;daTI1 PaBesμ IKñakñúgkarTTYl

buKÁlRKb;rUbman»kas TTYlykkarGb;rMRbkb

edayKuNPaB nig karGb;rMBak;B½n§

sþg;daTI2karkarBar nig suxmalPaB

brisßansikSaRtUv)anFana nigelIkkMBs;karkarBar nigsuxmalPaBpøÚvcitþ

nigGarmμN_rbs;GñksikSa

sþg;daTI3 GKar¼brisßansikSa

GKar¼brisßansikSasuT§Et manRbeyaCn_dl;suxmal PaBragkayrbs;GñksikSa

]bsm<½n§TI1taragBinitücitþsa®sþsgÁm

]bsm<½n§TI2taragBinitüénkmμviFIpþl;Gahartamsalaeron

]bsm<½n§TI3³ Éksareyag nig esckþIENnaMBIFnFan CMBUk karTTYlyk nig brisßansikSa

51


sUcnakrsMxan;²³ ¬sMrab;GanCamYynwg kMNt;sMKal;;ENnaM¦

• K )aneKbdie karGb;rMn rkarerIseG ;sMKal;;EN

• Éks BMuEmnCa]bs ¬sUmGankMNt;sMKal;ENnaMTI3¦

• »kasTTYlkarGb;rMkñúgRbB½n§ nig eRkARbB½n§RtUv)anpþl;CabnþbnÞab;dl;CnrgeRKaH edIm,IbMeBjtMrUvkar Gb;rMrbs;eK ¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;;ENnaM TI4-5¦

• tamry³karbNþúHbNþal nigkar[yl;dwgkñúgkarTTYl)annUvkarGb;rMRbkbe ¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;;ENnaM TI6-7¦.

• FnFanRKb;RKan;RtUv)anpþl;[edayGCJaF O édKUrGPivDÆn_epSg²eTot nig eday shKmn_ edIm,IFana[ ;kaléneRKaHGasnñ RBm TaMgkñúgkarksageLIgvijkñúgCMhandMbUg

• GñksikSaman»k ½n§TaMgLay eRkayBImankar

• km μviFIGb;rM RtUv)anTTYlsÁal;edayGCJaFrGb;rMénRbeTsEdlpþl;karGb;rM nig RbeTskMenItrbs;Cn rgeRKaH.

sþg;daTI1 én karTTYlyk nig brisßansikSa³ PaBesμIKñakñúgkarTTYlbuKÁlRKb;rUbman»kasTTYlykkarGb;rMRbkbedayKuNPaB nig karGb;rMBak;Bn§½

μanbuKÁlNamñak; EdlRtUvig»kaseronsURtedaysa

sFmin[manlT§PaBTTYlIgenaHeT ¬sUmGankMNt

KÁénkarcuHeQ μaHcUleroneT

naM TI 1-2 ¦.

ar b¤tMrUvkarepSg²

shKmn_kan;EtcUlrYm kñúgkarFanadl;siT§ismaCikRKb;rUb dayKuNPaB nig karGb;rMBak;B½n§

r m©as;CMnYy NG

mannirnþPaB nigKuNPaBénskm μPaBGb;rMkñúgRKb;dMNak¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;;ENnaM TI8 ¦.

ascUleron b¤cUleronsareLIgvij Pøam² tambNþasßab½nGb;rMkñúgRbBrMxanedayeRKaHGasnñrYcmk.

52


53

kMNt;sMKal;ENnaM 1> karerIseGIg sMedA ¬b:uEnþminkMNt;TaMgRsug¦ eTAelI]bsKÁTaMgLayNaEdlekIteLIgeRBaHEt

PaBRkxSt; eynD½r Gayu sBa¢ati BUCsas sasna Pasa vb,Fm’ TMnak;TMngneya)ay ninñakarpøÚvePT RbvtþisgÁmesdækic© TItaMgPUmisa®sþ b¤tMrUvkarGb;rMCaBiessNamYy. ktþikarsBaØaGnþrCatisþIGMBIsiT§iEpñkesdækic© sgÁm nigvb,Fm’ )anKUsbBa¢ak;nUvcMNucxageRkamenH³

- maRtaTI 2 )anTTYlsÁal; }siT§iTTYlkarGb;rMedayK μankarRbkan;erIseGIgRKb;RbePT dUcCa BUC sasn_ BN’sm,úr ePT Pasa sasna mtieyabl;Epñkneya)ay b¤EpñkepSg² edImkMenItCati b¤sgÁm RTBü sm,tþi kMenIt b¤zan³epSg².

- n_d¾eBjelj maRtaTI 13 )anTTYlsÁal;siT§irbs;buKÁlmñak;²kñúgkarTTYlkarGb;rM kñúgeKaledAGPivDÆdl;GtþcrikCamnusS nigesckþIéføfñÚrrbs;BYkeK ehIykarGb;rMenHRtUveFVIeLIgedIm,IBRgwgkareKarB siT§imnusS nigesrIPaBCamUldæan. karGb;rM RtUveFVI[buKÁlRKb;rUbmanlT§PaBcUlrYmya:gskmμkñúg sgÁmesrI begáItkaryl;dwg PaBGt;Fμt; nigbegáItmitþPaBCamYyRKb;RbeTsCati BUCsasn_ CnCati nigRkumsasnana² RBmTaMgBRgIkbEnßmeTotnUv skmμPaBGgÁkarshRbCaCatikñúgkarrkSasnþiPaB. edIm,IGacTTYl)aneBjelj nUvsiT§ixagelIenH maRtaTI 13k¾TamTarpgEdr[rdæTaMgGs;TTYlsÁal; fa³1¦karGb;rMfñak;bzmsikSaKWCakatBVkic© ehIyRtUvpþl;[dl;buKÁlRKb;rUbedayK μanbg;éfø/2¦RKb; RbePTénkarGb;rMfñak;mFümsikSaedayrab;bBa©ÚltaMgBIkarGb;rMmFümsikSabec©keTsnigviC¢aCIv³ pgEdr KYrEtbegáIt[manCaTUeTA ehIybuKÁlRKb;rUbGacTTYlkarGb;rMenHtamry³RKb;meFüa)ay ehIyCaBiess KWtamry³kardak;cUlCabnþbnÞab;nUvkarGb;rMedaymin)ac;bg;éfø/ 3¦karGb;rMCamUl dæan KYrRtUv)anCMruj b¤BRgwgtamlT§PaBEdlGaceFVIeTA)ancMeBaHbuKÁlEdlmin)anTTYlb¤min)an bBa©b;RKb;kMritfñak;énkarGb;rMsMrab;kMritbzmsikSa.

2> Rkbx½NÐpøÚvc,ab;GnþrCati )anRbkasfa siT§iTTYlkarGb;rM KYrRtUv)anBRgwgkñúgRKamanGasnñ. varYm bBa©Úl ¬b:uEnþminkMNt;TaMgRsug¦nUv³

- ATIRkugdakar (Dakar) edIm,IelIkkMBs;karGb;rMsMrab; Rkbx½NÐskm μPaBénevTikarGb;rMBiPBelakenTaMgGs;KñaEdlRbkaskñúgcMeNameKalbMngTaMgLayrbs;xøÜnfa rdæaPi)alTaMgGs;RtUvEt}TTYl )anral;tMrUvkarRbB½n§Gb;rMEdlTTYl\T§iBlBICemøaH eRKaHmhnþrayFmμCati nigGsßirPaBnana ehIy RtUvEtGnuvtþkm μviFIGb;rMtamviFIsa®sþmYyEdlelIkkMBs;karyl;BIKñaeTAvijeTAmk begáItsnþiPaB nigPaBeyaKyl;Kña EdlsMrab;CYybgáarPaBhwgSa nig CemøaH}.


- GnusBaØahSWENv (IV) EdlTak;TgeTAnwgkarkarBarCnsIuvilkñúgeBlmans®gÁam ¬maRta TI50): }Gñk kan;kab;GMNacKYr rYmshkarCamYyGCJaFrCati nig mUldæanRtUvCYysMrYldl;RKb;sßab½n Edl kMBugGnuvtþkargarrbs;eKkñúgkarEfrkSa nigGb;rMkumar.

- ÐCabTdæan sMrab;karBar Epñkrag GnusBaØaGgÁkarshRbCaCatisþIBIsiT§irbs;kumar Edlpþl;nUvRkbx½Nkay citþsgÁm nig bBaØarbs;GñksikSakñúgkEnøgmaneRKaHGasnñ.

3> arTTYl[cUleron nig karcuHeQμaHcUleron³ tMrUvkarEpñkÉksarRtUvmanPaBbt;Ebn ehIyminKYrTam kTar[manlixitbBa¢ak;fa CaBlrdæ lixitbBa¢ak;kMenIt nig Gayu ÉksakMenIt GtþsBaØaN r)aykarN_ BIsalaeron>>>.l. eRBaHCnEdlrgeRKaHGasnñTaMgenaHGacnwgKμanÉksarTaMgenH. eKminKYrkMNt; GayucUlerondl;kumar nigyuvCnEdlrgeRKaHGasnñenaHeT. eKKYrEtGnuBaØati[GñkEdl)ane)aHbg; karsikSaman»kasnwgcuHeQ μaHcUleroneLIgvij. KYrEtmankarRbwgERbgCaBiessedIm,IepþateTAelI RkumEdl)at;bg;plRbeyaCn_nigRkumEdlgayTTYlkarrgeRKaHxøaMgbMput nigedIm,IbBa©ÚlBYkeKkñúg km μviFIGb;rMvij. enAkEnøgNaEdlmankar)armÖBIsuvtßiPaB eKKYrEtrkSaTukCasm¶at;nUvÉksarnig Bt’mancuHeQ μaHcUleronTaMgLay.

4> visalPaBén»kasTTYlkarGb;rM³ »kasTaMgenHKYrEtrab;bBa©ÚltaMgBIkarGb;rMfñak;metþyü fñak;bzm s aMg ikSanigmFümsikSa fñak;]tþmsikSa bMNinCIvit karbNþúHbNþalviC¢aCIv³ karGb;rMeRkARbB½n§ ¬rYmTGkçrkmμ nigelxnBn§pgEdr¦ nig»kaseronbMb:nbEnßmpgEdr. PaBP½ytk;søútEdlGñksikSaGacCYb RbTHkñúgRKamanGasnñenaHminKYrRtUv)anbEnßmBIelIeTot edaykar)at;bg;»kasTTYl)ankarGb;rM enaHeT. kalviPaKsikSaEdlmanlkçN³bt;EbnedayrYmbBa©ÚltaMgBIema:gsikSa kardUrevn kmμviFIpþl;kar Gb;rMdl;TIlMenA esvakmμEfTaMkumarpþl;dl;mþayEdlCaek μgRsICMTg; karKaMRTBIRkummitþP½kþsMrab;sisS E eTAkñúgfñak;eron nigkmμviFIbMb:n RBmTaMgkarsikSanaeBl dlCYbRbTHkarlM)akkñúgkarbBa©ÚlxøÜnvisSmkal Gacpþl;plRbeyaCn_ya:geRcIndl;GñksikSasMr b;TTYlkar b;rM. karbBa©ÚledaybgçMnUv a GsisSFM²eTAkñúgfñak;sMrab;sisStUc² b¤GnuBaØati[eKcUleronedays μ ½RKcitþenAkñúgfñak;rbs;sisStUc² GacbNþal[manlT§plGviC¢mandl;TaMgsisSFM nig sisStUc ehIyeFVI[BYkeKTTYllT§plminl¥BI karsikSa. eKKYreRbIR)as;CMerIsepSgBIenH dUcCaEbgEckfñak;sMrab;sisSFM² nig[eKeronepøaHfñak; C _ nigGñkdwknaMshKmn_CaedImKYrEt aedIm. tMNagyuvCn Rkum®sþI smaCikepSg²eTotrbs;shKmnRtUv)anBiPakSaeyabl;munnwgdak;bBa©ÚlnUvkm μviFIsikSaepSgedayELkBIkm μviFIFm μta.

54


tiknikdUcCa }kareFVIEpnTIsala} KYrRtUv)aneRbIR)as;kñúg nig eRkayeBlRKaGasnñ edIm,IerobcMEpnkar EdlGs;esah‘uytic[GñksikSakñúgtMbn;xus²Kña GacTTYl)anskmμPaBGb;rM EdlCakareqøIytbeTA nwgRKaGasnñ.

5> RkumGayu³ »kasTTYlkarGb;rM KYrEtpþl;GaTiPaBeTAtamRkumGayu ¬]> kumar nig yuvCn¦ nig xøwmsar e ak;kaldMbUgéneRKaHGasnñ¦. enA meron ¬]TahrN_ Bt’manse®gÁaHCIvitsMrab;buKÁlTaMgGs;kñúgdMNeBleRKaHGasnñmansßirPaBl¥eLIgvijehIy eKKYrBRgIk»kasTTYlkarGb;rMdl;RkummnusSTaMgGs; edIm,IeFVI[CIvitrbs;BYkeKmanPaBRbesIreLIgvij.

6> karGb;rMEdlman }KuNPaB} nigman }karTak;Tg}³ sUmemIl]bsm<½n§TI1³ sþg;daGb,brmasMrab; pþl;karGb;rMkñúgRKamanGasnñ vaküs½BÞ edIm,IEsVgyl;BIGtßn½yrbs;BakünimYy².

7> karcUlrYmrbs;shKmn_³ shKmn_KYrcUlrYmya:gskmμkñúgdMeNIrkarGb;rM. TegVIenH GacCYy[man karKitKUBIcenøaHRbehagénkarTak;TgKña karRbEmRbmUlFnFanbEnßm edaHRsay bBaðaTak;TgeTAnwg snþisux nig CMruj[mankarcUlrYmBIRkumEdl)at;bg;plRbeyaCn_ ¬sUmGanpgEdrnUv]bsm<½n§TI1³ vaküs½BÞ nig sþg;da1-2 énkarcUlrYmcMEnkrbs;shKmn_enAelITMB½rTI 17-21.

8> FnFan³ m©as;CMnYyKYrRbkan;PaBbt;Ebn nig CYyKaMRTyuT§sa®sþmYycMnYnedIm,IFana[mannirnþPaBén karpþÜcepþImkarGb;rMtaMgBIdMnak;kaldMbUgénRKaGasnñrhUtdl;dMNak;kalsßabnaeLIgvij. rdæaPi)al CatimankarTTYlxusRtUvx<s;kñúgkarFana[mankarGb;rM ehIyrdæaPi)alGacTTYl)annUvCMnYymUlniFi BIRbPBepSg²KñaCaeRcIn. m©as;CMnYyepSg²eTotrYmman shKmn_ GnþrCati ¬eTVPaKI b¤ BhuPaKI¦ NGOs GnþrCati nig NGOs CnCatiedIm/ GCJaFrmUldæan/ GgÁkarsasna RkumsgÁm sIuvil nigédKUGPivDÆn_ epSg²eTot ¬sUmGanpgEdrnUv sþg;dakarviPaKTI2/ kMNt;sMKal;ENnaMTI4 enATMB½rTI28¦. karerobcMEpnkarFnFan KYrEtepþateTAelIkarBRgIk»kasTTYlkarGb;rM. k¾b:uEnþ eKk¾KYeFVIkarBicarNa pgEdr eTAelIcIrPaB karerobcMEpnkarry³eBlEvg ¬edayrYmbBa©ÚlpgEdrnUvkrNI EdleRKaHGasnñ GacGUsbnøayeBlevla¦RBmTaMgesNarIy:UénkarsßabnaeLIgvijenAeBlGnaKt. karshkar nig sMrbsMrYlCamYyGCJaFrBak;B½n§ GacCJYyFana[mansßirPaB ¬sUmGanpgEdrnUvsþg;daTI 3éneKal neya)ay nigkarsMrbsMrYlkarGb;rM enAelITMB½rTI110¦. karpþl;CMnYybnþbnÞab;EpñkGb;rM TamTar[mankarTTYl)anmUlniFiya:gqab;rh½s ¬]> tamry³mUl

55


niFibMrugsMrab;RKaGasnñ b¤ mUlniFicab;epþImCaedIm¦. karpþl;mUlniFikñúgkMLúgeBlmanRKaGasnñEdl GUsbnøay KYrEt[)anRKb;RKan;edIm,ICYypþl;karGb;rMdl;kumar nigyuvCn edIm,I[BYkeKmanlT§PaB bnþkarsikSakñúgkmμviFIsikSaFmμta)an. kñúgdMnak;kaldMbUgénkarsßabnaeLIgvijmUlniFi KYrRtUv)an pþl;tamtMrUvkar edIm,IBRgwgrdæ)al nig EpnkarGb;rMCati. FnFanm©as;CMnYy KYrCYy[kmμ viFIGb;rM manlT§PaBdMeNIrkareLIgvijkñúgRKb;TItaMg tamry³kareRbIR)as;CMrkbeNþaHGasnñ nig kar]btßmÖ nUvsmÖar³beRgon nig smÖar³sikSa.

56


sUcnakrsMxan;² ¬sMrab;GanCamYy kMNt;sMKal;;ENnaM¦

• salaeron nig brisßansikSaepSg² manTItaMgenACitRkummnusSEdlRtUvsikSa ¬sUmGankMNt;sMKal;; ENnaMTI 1-2¦

• pøÚveq<aHeTAkan;brisßansikSa mansuvtßiPaB nigFanasMrab;buKÁlRKb;rUb ¬sUmGankMNt;sMKal;;ENnaMTI3¦

• brisßansikSa BMumaneRKaHfñak;GVIdl;GñksikSa ¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;;;ENnaMTI 4-5¦

• mankmμviFIbNþúHbNþalRKUbeRgon kUnsisS nig shKmn_ edIm,IbegáIt[mansuvtßiPaB snþisux nig karkarBar.

• RKUbeRgon nig buKÁlikGb;rMepSg²eTot RtUv)anbMBak;nUvCMnajkñúgkarpþl;karKaMRTcitþsa®sþsgÁm edIm,IbegáIt suxmalPaBEpñksμartIdl;GñksikSa ¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;;ENnaMTI 6¦

• shKmn_ mankarcUlrYmsMerccitþeTAelITItaMgénbrisßansikSa nigkñúgkarbegáItRbB½n§ nig eKalneya )ayFanaBIsuvtßiPaB nig snþisuxrbs;GñksikSa.

• GaharrUbtßmÖ nig GaharsRmn;kareRskXøanry³eBlxøI RtUv)anedaHRsay edIm,I[mankareron sURtd¾manRbsiT§PaBkñúgTItaMgEdlRtUvsikSa ¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;;ENnaMTI 7¦

sþgbrisnigG

;daTI2 karTTYlyk nig brisßansikSa³ karkarBar nig suxmalPaBßansikSaRtUv)anFana nigelIkkMBs;karkarBar nigsuxmalPaBpøÚvcitþ arm μN_rbs;GñksikSa

kMNt;sMKal;ENnaM

1> karenACit³ KYrRtUv)an[niymn½yeyaleTAtamsþg;damUldæan b¤ sþg;daCatiedayKitBicarNa eTAelIbBaða snþisux b¤ bBaðaepSg²EdlTak;TgnwgsuvtßiPaB. enAeBlEdlTItaMgRtUveronenAq¶ay

57


BIsisS eKKYrCMruj[manfñak;BiessmYyEdlmanTItaMgCitpÞHGñkEdlBMuGaceFVIdMeNIrq¶ay)an dUcCa kumartUc² b¤ ek μgRsICMTg; CaedIm.

2> snþisux³ RbsinebIBMumanTIFøasikSaFmμta b¤manEdrEtBMumansnþisuxl¥eTenaH eKKYreRCIserIsTItaMgepSg eTotEdlmansuvtßiPaB nig snþisux. salaeronminKYrRtUv)aneRbIR)as;CaCMrkbeNþaHGasnñrbs;kg kMlaMgsnþisuxeLIy.

3> pøÚveq<aHeTAkan;TItaMgsikSa³ rdæmankatBVkic©Fanasnþisux ehIysnþisuxenHGacTak;Tgdl;karray bNþak;kMlaMgb:UlIs nig eyaFa[CYykarBartamkarEdlcaM)ac;. edIm,IBRgwgkarkarBar nigedIm,IFana fapøÚveq<aHeTAkan;TItaMgsikSamansuvtßiPaB nig mansnþisuxsMrab;GñksikSanigbuKÁlikGb;rMTaMgGs;Kña ¬edayminKitBI eynD½r/ Gayu/ sBa¢ati/ BUCsasn_/ CnCati b¤smtßPaBragkay¦ shKmn_ KYrBiPakSa nig yl;RBmeTAelIviFankarN_karBarTukCamunmYycMnYn dUcCa [manmnusSeBjv½yCUndMeNIrCaedIm. RbkarenH k¾GacCaEpñkmYyénrebobvr³rbs;KNkm μkarGb;rMshKmn_pgEdr.

4> karkarBar³ kUnsisS KYrTTYl)ankarkarBarBIeRKaHfñak;nana EdlGacb:HBal;dl;BYkeKdUcCa ¬b:uEnþmin EmnkMNt;Et¦eRKaHfñak;Fm μCati eRKOgsBVavuF RKab;rMesv RKab;mIn RKab;EdlminTan;pÞúH buKÁlman GavuF TItaMgEdlmankar)aj;RbharKña karKMramkMEhgneya)ay nigeyaFa RBmTaMgkareRCIserIsT½B epSg². kUnsisS CaBiessGñkEdlmkBIRkumCnPaKtic nig kumarIeRcInEtCamuxsBaØaénkarrMelaP bMBan hwgSa eRCIserIs[eFVIT½B nigkarcab;BRgt;enAeBlEdleKeFVIdMeNIreTA nig mkBIsalaeron. kñúgkrNITaMgenH snþisuxkUnsisSGacRtUv)anBRgwgtamry³karRbmUlpþMúnUvyuT§nakarBt’manshKmn_ nig kar[mnusSeBjv½ykñúgshKmn_CUndMeNIrBYkeK. kñúgtMbn;EdlkUnsisSRtUvEtedIrRtlb;mkpÞHvij naeBlyb; tam pøÚvEdlKμanBnøWRKb;RKan exaGav b¤sMeBotrbs;eKKYrEtmanP¢ab;edayrbs; b¤RkNat; EdlGaccaMgBnøWpøatmkvij b¤ KYrEtmankarCUndMeNIredayBnøWePøIgBil. RbsinebIGaceFVIeTA)an vaKYr Etmanvtþman®sþI²enAkEnøgsikSaedIm,I begáItTMnukcitþdl;sisSEdlCanarIePT. bEnßmBIelIenH km μviFIGb;rM KYrbBa©ÚlnUvkartamdanBIkMriténkarbMBarbMBanEdlkumarI nig®sþITaMgLay)anCYbRbTH.

5> karRKb;RKgfñak;eron EdlmanlkçN³GhwgSa³ kñúgcMeNamktþaepSg² karKMramkMEhgrYmbBa©ÚlnUvPaB tantwgpøÚvcitþ GMeBIhwgSa karrMelaPbMBan nig PaBerIseGIg. RKU²RtUvTTYlkarbNþúHbNþalBIviFIsa®sþ RKb;RKgfñak;eronEdlmanlkçN³viC¢man edIm,IFanafaBMumankarekItmannUvGMeBIhwgSaeT. kareFVITNÐkmμelIragkaysisSBMuKYr[ekItman b¤ BRgwgbEnßmeT.

58


6> ar suxmalPaB³ suxmalPaBpøÚvGarmμN_ nigpøÚvcitþ KYrRtUv)anyl;dwgya:geBjelj GMBIGVIeTAEdlCakRbesIrsMrab;buKÁlmñak;² vamandUcCa snþisux karkarBar KuNPaBesva suPmgÁl nig PaBkk;ekþAkñúg TMnak;TMngrvagGñksikSa nigGñkGb;rM. skm μPaB EdleRbIR)as;edIm,IFana[mannUvsuxmalPaB kUnsisS enaHKYrEtepþateTAelIkarBRgwgkarGPivDÆn_pøÚvbBaØa TMnak;TMngrwgmaMkñúgsgÁm RBmTaMgeTAelI suxPaBl¥. karFananUvsuxmalPaBenaH CacMENkmYy EdleFVI[sisSGacbBa©b;ya:geCaKC½½ynUvkm μ viFIGb;rMeTaHkñúgRbB½n§ b¤ eRkARbB½n§kþI ¬sUmGan]bsm<½n§TI1 elITMB½rTI66EdlsþIBItaragBinitüEpñk citþsgÁm¦.

7> GaharrUbtßmÖ³ tMrUvkarGaharrUbtßmÖ nig edIm,IbM)at;kareRskXøanmYyry³xøIKYrRtUv)anedaHRsay tamry³ karpþl;GaharenAtamsalaeron nigkmμviFIsnþisuxes,ógepSg²eTotenAeRkAbrisßansikSa. RbsinebIkmμviFIpþl;GahartamsalaeronRtUv)anGnuvtþ eKKYrGnuvtþtamesckþIENnaMnanaEdlTTYl sÁal; nigeRbIR)as;edayPñak;gardéTeTot dUcCakmμviFI es,ógGaharBiPBelakCaedIm ¬sUmGan ]bsm<½n§TI2 elITMB½rTI68 EdlsþIBItaragBinitükmμviFIpþl;es,ógtamsalaeron.¦

59


nakrsMxan;² ¬sMrab;GanCamYynwg kMNt;sMKal;;ENnaM¦

sUc

• rcnasm<½n§ nig TItaMgsikSa Gac[GñksikSaeTA)an edayminKitBIsmtßPaBragkayeT.

• r ; R I1¦.

b cenøaHBIsisS mñak;eTAsisSmñak; nig BIsisSeTARKUbeRgon ehIyvak¾RtUvsIuKñaeTAtamkMritfñak; edIm,ICMruj[eKGac GnuvtþviFIsa®sþcUlrYm nig sisSmCÄmNÐl)an ¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal; ENnaMTI1¦.

• shKmn_cUlrYmkñúgkarsagsg; nig EfrkSaGKar¼brisßansikSa ¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;;ENnaMTI2¦.

• suxPaB nig Gnam½ymUldæanRtUv)anbegáIt[mankñúgbrisßansikSa.

• bnÞb;Gnam½yRtUv)anpþl;ya:gRKb;RKan; edayKitBicarNaeTAelIGayu ePT RBmTaMgtMrUvkarGb;rM Biessnana edayKitbBa©ÚltaMgBIlT§PaBeRbIR)as;vaedaymnusSBikarpgEdr ¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal; ENnaMTI3¦.

• brimaNénTwks¥at RBmTaMgTwksMrab;sMGatGnam½ypÞal;xøÜnRtUvmanRKb;RKan;kñúgTItaMgsikSa ¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;ENnaMTI4¦.

sþg;daTI3 énkarTTYlyk nig brisßansikSa³ GKar¼brisßansikSa ar¼brisßansikSamanlkçN³GMeNaypldl;suxmalPaBragkayénGñksikSa GK

• GKar¼brisßansikSaRtUv)andak;sMKal;RBMRbTl; b¤dak;sBaØac,as;las; ebIGaceFVIeTA)an.

cnasm<½n§GKar EdleRbIsMrab;CaTItaMgsikSa manlkçN³smrmütamsßankarN_ ehIymankEnøgRKbKan;sMrab;fñak;eron nig rdæ)al TIFøaelgkMsanþ nig bnÞb;Gnam½y ¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal; ENnaM T

nÞb;eron nig karerobcMkEnøgGgÁúyRtUverobeTAtamGVIEdl)anyl;RBmrYcehIy rvag•

60


61

kMNt;sMKal;ENnaM 1> GKar³ eKKYrKitBIPaBsmrmüénGKarsikSaedayBicarNaeTAelIkareRbIR)as;vaCayUrGEgVg ¬eRkayRKa Gasnñ¦ BIfvikaEdlmanBIkarcUlrYmBIshKmn_ ehIyfaetIvaGacEfrkSaedayGCJa FrmUldæan nig/ b¤ shKmn_mUldæankñúgcMnayd¾smrmüNamYyEdr b¤eT. eKKYrKitBicarNaeTAelIsmasPaKxageRkamenH³ - eRbIR)as;smÖar³plitkñúgRsukedIm,Isagsg;GKarsikSa RbsinebIman. eKKYrcat;viFankarN_nana

edIm,IFanafakarsagsg;Gs;esah‘uytic ehIylkçN³GKar ¬]TahrN_³ dMbUl/ kMral¦ manPaBFn;maMl¥.

- eKKYmanBnøWRKb;RKan; xül; nigkMedAGacecjcUl)anRKb;RKan; ¬RbsinebIcaM)ac;¦ edIm,IbegáInnUvKuuNPaBrbs;brisßanénkarbeRgon nig kareron.

- eKKYrdak;cuHnUvsþg;damUldæankMNt;BIcMnYnGtibrmaénkUnsisSkñúgfñak;nimYy² ehIyeKKYrRbwgERbg pþl;nUvTItaMgfñak;bEnßmRbsinebIcMnYnsisScUleronmankarekIneLIg edIm,IGackat;bnßy nUvkarbþÚrevnsikSaeRcIneBl.

- kmμviFIsikSa mincaM)ac;rg;caMTal;EtsmasPaKehdæarcnasm<½n§ nigGVIEdl)anelIkeLIgxagelIman rYcral;enaHeT. k¾b:uEnþ smasPaKTaMgenaH KYrRtUv)anpþl;[ya:gRbjab;tamkarEdlGaceFVI eTA)an ¬sUmGan TMnak;TMngeTAnwg]bsm<½n§sþg;da Sphere sþIGMBI CD-ROM sþg;daGb,brma énkarpþl;karGb;rMkñúgRKamanGasnñ sMrab;sþg;daCMrk Sphere EdlBak;B½n§¦.

2> karEfTaMbrisßansikSa KYrrYmbBa©ÚlnUvkarEfTaMbrikça ¬]TahrN_ bgÁn; bMBg;Twk>>>.l.¦ nig eRKOg sgðarwmnana ¬]TahrN_³ tu ekAGI kþaexon TUesovePA>>>.l.¦.

3> bgÁn;Gnam½y KYrrYmbBa©ÚltaMgBIkEnøgdak;sMram ¬Fug b¤ reNþAsMram¦ lUbgðÚr ¬reNþA bMBg; lUbgðÚr¦ nig TwkRKb;RKan;sMrab;Gnam½ypÞal;xøÜn nigedIm,IsMGatbgÁn;. brisßansikSa KYrEtmanbgÁn;edayELk² sMrab;mnusSRbus nig RsI ehIyEdlbiT)aMgCit. smÖar³Gnam½y KYrEtmansMrab;narIePT ¬sUmGan TMnak;TMngeTAnwg ]bsm<½n§sþg;da Sphere sþIGMBI CD-ROM sþg;daGb,brmaénkarpþl;karGb;rM kñúgRKamanGasnñ sMrab;sþg;da Sphere EdlmankarBak;B½n§ nigkaksMNl;srIragÁ nigsMelokbMBak; EdlmankarBak;B½n§¦.

4> øgCitnwgbrisßansikSaEdlRsbnwgsþg;daCatinigGnþrCati ¬ sUmGan Twk KYrEtmanenAkñúg b¤TIkEnTMnak;TMngeTAnwg ]bsm<½n§sþg;da Sphere sþIBI CD-ROM sþg;da Gb,brmaénkarpþl;karGb;rMkñúg RKamanGasnñ sMrab;sþg;da Sphere GMBITwkEdlBak;B½n§¦.


62

arTTYlyk nig brisßansikSa³ ]bsm<½n§

g

sßa

• UvbriyakasGsnþisuxdl;kumar nig

•

• ; b¤eT?

• k? • þsa®sþ? etIeKRtUvBRgwg

• lya:gNaxøHdl;karkarBar nigEf

•

•

«B

k]bsm<½n§TI1³ taragBinitücitþsa®sþsgÁm

viFIsa®sþsÞg;mtiCak;lak; RtUvBwgEp¥keTAelIsßankarN_ nig vb,Fm’mUldæan. cMNucxageRkamenH tag[ RbePTBt’manEdlmanGtßRbeyaCn_kñúgkarelIkeLIgnUvbBaðanana EdlBak;B½n§nwgsuxmalPaBcitþsa®sþ nikarsþareLIgvij.

nPaBTUeTA • etIsßankarN_rMelaPsiT§ikumar KWCamUlehtueFVI[mankarb:HTgÁicpøÚvcitþb¤?

etIsßankarN_rMelaPbMBanenHQb;manehIy b¤k¾enAEtbnþbegáItnRKYsarrbs;eK? etIRKYsarrs;enACamYyKñab¤? etIeKmanPaBCaÉkCnRKb;RKan

• etIeKkMBugeFVIGVIxøHedIm,I[RKYsarnimYy²manlT§PaBrs;enAkñúgPaBéføfñÚr nigpþl;nUvkarEfrrkSa nig karBardl;kUn²rbs;eK? etIGVIxøHeTot EdlKYreFVI? etIGVIeTACaskmμPaBFmμtakñúgshKmn_edIm,ICYydl;kumarEdlsßitkñúgsßankarN_lM)aetIGVIeTACaynþkarFmμtarbs;shKmn_edIm,IeqøIytb nig edaHRsaynUvvibtþicitvaya:gdUcemþc? etIkarerobcMkarrs;enATUeTA nig karerobcMsgÁmmnusSmanCH\T§iBrkSakumar? etIeKKYrGnuvtþn_viFankarN_NaxøH edIm,IelIksÞÜysßanPaBrs;enArbs;kumar nigRKYsarrbs;eK? etImanbuKÁlNaxøHkñúgshKmn_ EdlGacpþl;nUvskmμPaBCaRbcaMdl;kumar dUcCakarGb;rMeRkARbB½n§ El,gnigkarelgkMsanþ?

ukmþay etIGVIeTACalkçN³Bi)ak • nigkartantwgpøÚvcitþ EdlCYbRbTHeday«Bukmþay ehIyEdlkMBugCH\T§iBl dl;suxmalPaBBYkKat; k¾dUcCarebobEdlKat;EfrkSakUnecA? etIeKKYrGnuvtþviFankarN_NaxøHedIm,Ikat;bnßykarBi)akenH? •


• etIeKeXIj«BukmþayvaydMkUnKat; elIshYsBIGVIEdl)anGnuBaØatþikñúgRkenAEdr b¤eT?

bx½NÐvb,Fm’EdlKat;kMBugrs;

kkarCYydl;karBi)akpøÚvcitþnanaEdlBYkKat; nig

anpþl;nUvkarEfTaM nigEfrkSa EdlminRKb;RKan; b¤eT? N_NaxøH EdlGaceFVIeLIgedIm,IeFVI[RbesIreLIgnUvkarEfrkSa EdlkumarTaMgenaH

• þl;nUv»kassmrmüedIm,IniyayGMBIkgVl; KMnit nigsMnYr EdleKmanEdrb¤eT? þEdrb¤eT?

karBiessénkumar dUcCaBMumanGñkCUndMeNIreTAeron b¤sñak;

UlrYmkñúg

• jv½y nig kumarTTYl)annUvesvakm μsgÁmnana edIm,ICYy[eKedaHRsaykarlM)ak Edr

• NamYy EdleFVIkarkt;sMKal; nigCYydl;kumar EdlkMBugmanPaBtantwgEpñkcitþsa®sþEdr

m μepSg²eTot sMrab;CYyBYkKat;[kan;EtRbesIreLIgdl;kumarEdr b¤eT? • etImanesvakmμsuxPaBpøÚvcitþCMnajNa EdleKGacbBa¢ÚnkumarEdlkMBugmanPaBtantwgpøÚvcitþF¶n;F¶r

nøgenaHEdr b¤eT?

• etIman»kasNaEdl«BukmþayGacBiPakSa nigEsVgrkUn²Kat;RtUvEtRbQmmuxCamYy?

kumar • etIkumar²kMBug)• etImanviFankar

TYl)an? T• etImankumarEdlrs;enAmñak;Égb¤eT? • etImankumar EdlmanGkb,kiriyaekagkacnighwgSaEdrb¤eT?

etIkumarRtUv)anp• etIkumarman»kaselgkMsan• etImankaredaHRsayEdr b¤eT cMeBaHtMrUv

enAyUrGEgVgkñúgCMrMu nigkumarEdlsßitkñúgkarXMumin[ecjeTANa?

akm μ esv• etImankarpþl;skm μPaBGb;rM b¤ skmμPaBepSg²eTotEdr b¤eT edIm,I[kumarmanlT§PaBc

skmμPaBGPivDÆn_CaRbcaM nigedIm,IbegáIteLIgvijnUvPaBEdleFVIGVICaRbcaMenaH? etICnePosxøÜneBb¤eT? etImanRbB½n§b¤eT?

• etIkarbNþúHbNþal nig kareRCamERCgkMBugEtpþl;dl;RKUbeRgon þEdrb¤eT? etImanbuKÁlikEfrkSa suxPaB nig buKÁlikesvak

eTAkan;kE

63


RbPB³ UNICEF, EksMrYlecjBI kumarePosxøÜn ³ esckþIENnaMsþIBIkarkarBar nig karEfTaM UNHCR, 1994

64


]bsm<½n§TI2³ taragBinitükmμviFIpþl;Gahartamsalaeron

YrxageRkamenH mansarsMxansMn ;sMrab;sYr RbsinebIes,ógGaharRtUv)ankMBugBicarNafaCaFnFanmYy Mrab;GnþraKmn_Gb;rM³

• RbsinebIes,ógGaharRtUv)anesñIeLIg etIvanwgRtUveRbIR)as;ya:gdUcemþc? karpþl;Gahartamsalaeron Gahar]btßmÖEdlRtUvykeTApÞH GaharsMrab;kargar GaharsMrab;karbNþúHbNþal b¤k¾GaharsMrab; RKUbeRgon?

• etIehtuGVI)anCakmμviFIpþl;Gahartamsalaeron ¬b¤kmμviFIepSg²eTot¦ CaCMerIssmrmükñúgsßanPaB bc©úb,nñ enH?

• etIGVIeTACaeKalbMngénkmμviFIenH? etIkaresñIr[eRbIR)as;Gahar/ es,óg CaktþamYyEdleqøIytb eTAnwgtMrUvkarGb;rMb¤? etIGaharenHnwgCYyTak;TajsisS [mkeronkan;EteRcInb¤?

• etIeKalbMngNamYy EdlmanPaBCak;lak;kñúgsßanPaBRKaGasnñenH? • etIGñkmanTinñn½ycaM)ac; edIm,IBnül;BItMrUvkarkñúgkaredaHRsayeKalbMngenHEdr b¤eT ¬sßanPaBGahar

rUbtßmÖ sßitisisScuHeQ μaHcUleron nigvtþmankñúgfñak;>>>.l.¦?

RbCaCneKaledA • etIGñkNaEdlCaGñkTTYlplRbeyaCn_BIkmμviFI? • etIGñkmanTinñn½yedIm,IkMNt;salaeron b¤tMbn;EdlTTYlkarrgeRKaHxøaMg b¤EdlkMBugRtUvkarCMnYy

xøaMgCageK ¬sßanPaBsnþisuxes,óg sþitiGkçrkmμ karcuHeQ μaHcUleron>>>.l.¦ Edrb¤eT? • etIRkumNaxøHEdlGacTTYlRbeyaCn_BIGahar]btßmÖ EdlGacykeTApÞH)an ¬]TahrN_ kumarI Rkum

PaKtic>>>.l.¦?

karBRgwgsmtßPaB nirnþPaB nig karsMrbsMrYl • etIskmμPaBBRgwgsmtßPaBGVIxøH EdlcaM)ac;munnwgkarcab;epþImkmμviFI? • etIsalaeronmanehdæarcnasm<½n§RKb;RKan; b¤eT edIm,ICYydl;kmμviFIpþl;GahartamsalaeronenaH

¬]> karmanTwk brikçacMGinGahar ]bkrN_>>>.l.¦? • etIGVIeTACatMrUvkarbc©úb,nñsMrab;karGb;rM kñúgcMeNamshKmn_ «Bukmþay kumarxøÜnÉg? etIes,ógGahar

nwgpøas;bþÚrtMrUvkarenaHya:gNaEdr?

s

eKalbMNgkmμviFI

65


• etIshKmn_ «Bukmþay RKUbeRgon kUnsisS m®nþIGb;rMemIleXIjya:gNa BIkarpþl;GaharenH? etIkar eRbIR)as;GaharmanskþanuBlPaB begáIt b¤eFVI[F¶n;F¶reLIgnUvsßanPaBtantwgrvag nig enAkñúgshKmn_

GVIxøHEdlRtUvman munnwgcab;epþImeFVIkarEckcayGahar? etIRbBn½§edjéføpÁt;pÁg; nig UverobcMeLIg?

•

¢Ún nig pøÚvdwkCBa¢Ún?

b¤eT? etIkarpþl;GaharGacnwgRKbdNþb;ya:gNaxøHdl;RbB½n§Gb;rM EdlkMBugEtman

j arbs;kumar?

Kña b¤CitxagKñaEdrb¤eT? etIeK

gesμ I²KñaedayPñak;garepSg²KñaEdrb¤eT? nesμ IKña GacTajykcMnYnsisS nigRKUbeRgonBIsala/ tMbn;mYyeTAsala nig tMbn;

man

kareRCIserIses,óg nig GaharrUbtßmÖ

ÞHEdr b¤Gt;? etIkmμviFIenHnwgRtUvBinitütamdan

Edr b¤eT? • etIehdæarcnasm<½n§

kic©snüaGVIxøHEdlRt• etIehdæarcnasm<½n§GVIxøH EdlRtUvmanmunnwgcab;epþImcMGinGahar nigpþl;Gahardl;kumar?

etIRtUverobcMGVIxøHedIm,IbegáItkariyal½y XøaMgGahar nigmUldæandwkCBa¢Ún? TUrKmnaKmn_? eRKOgdwkCBa

• etImanRKUbeRgon nigsmÖar³RKb;RKan;Edrb¤eT ehIyetImanGKarRKb;RKan; edIm,ITajyk nigbMerI dl;sisSbEnßmParkic©F¶n;F¶rrYceTAehIyenaH?

• etIes,ógGaharnwgmannirnþPaBb¤eT? RbsinebIman etIya:gNa? etIyuT§viFIGVIEdlRtUveFVIedIm,Idkecdl;karsikSnUvCMnYyes,ógGaharenaH? etIkardkecjenHmankarb:HBal;ya:gNaxøH

• etImanPñak;garmnusSFm’epSg²eTotEdlkMBugeFVIkarEpñkGb;rMkñúgtMbn;dUc

manEpnkareRbIR)as;es,ógGaharCaFnFanmYyénkm μviFIGb;rMeKEdrb¤eT? RbsinebIEmn tamrUbPaBGVI? etIeKmansuqnÞ³ edIm,IsMrbsMrYl b¤eT? etIGaharnwgeRbIya:etIkarpþl;GaharmimYyeTotya:gNaxøH?

• etIEpñkbuKÁlik mankarCab;Tak;Tgy:agNaxøHdl;eyIg nig édKUrkargar? etIcMnYnbuKÁlikbc©úb,nñenHlT§PaBPaBRKb;RKan;kñúgkarTTYlParkic©RKb;RKgkarCYypþl;Gahardl;km μviFIGb;rM edayBMumankarbEnøbnøM xusBIParkic©sBVéf¶enHeT? etItMrUv[mankarbEnßmbuKÁlik b¤eT?

• etIes,ógGaharGVIxøH EdlGñkRtUvpþl;? • IkmμviFIenHnwgrYmbBa©ÚlnUvrbbes,og EdlRtUvykeTAp et

ya:gdUcemþc? • etImuxes,ógNaxøHEdlman?

66


• etIkñúgcMeNamsisSsalamanbBaðaNamYydUcCaCMgW kgVHGaharrUbtßmÖ b¤manRBUneBaHevon (infestation) Edr b¤eT? RbsinebImanetIbBaðakgVHmIRkUsarCaticaM)ac;mYycMnYn GacedaHRsay)antamry³

•

tiGaharEbbNaEdleKcg;)an?

• ykmkeRbIR)as;)anenAsalaeronEdr b¤eT? GñkEckcay

• )ankat;bnßytamEbbNa? Hevon

• AIDS dl;kUnsisSEdr b¤Gt;sBVéf¶enH?

•

•

•

• enAeBlNa?

• mþcxøH? ehIyRbsinebIGac μ ImYyeTotnwgRtUv)ansMerc)antamEbbNaEdr?

• etIGñkNaEdlrMBwgTukfaCam©as;CMnYy? etIFnFanCMnYynwgmanenAeBlNa?

kareRCIserIsmuxes,óg b¤k¾RtUveRbIes,ogEdlmanbBa©ÚlsarCatiTaMgenaH? ebIKitBIvb,Fm’TIkEnøg etIkUnsisSmancMNg;cMNUlcitþCamYyRbePTGaharNaxøH ehIyrsCa

karedaHRsaysuvtßiPaBes,og suxPaB nig Gnam½y etImanbgÁn;Gnam½y nig TwkEdlGacdg

• etIkartak;EtgkmμviFIGacbBa©ÚlkarbNþúHbNþaltamEbbNaedIm,IGb;rM nigBRgwgsmtßPaBes,ógGahar? etIeRKaHP½yénkarqøgCm¶W GacRtUv

• etIkñúgcMeNamsisSsala manbBaðaRBUnkñúgeBaHevonEdr b¤eT? ebIman etIkarpþl;fñaMTMlak;dgáÚveBaenaHCakarcaM)ac;mYyEpñk énkm μviFIpþl;GahartamsalaeronEdr b¤eT? etImankmμviFIGb;rMbgáarCMgW HIV/

• etIkmμviFIbgáarCMgW HIV/AIDS Gacdak;bBa©Úlkñúgkartak;EtgkmμviFI)anya:gdUcemþc? etImanEpnkarbRmugGVIxøH RbsinebIRKUbeRgonmYycMnYn)anqøg b¤søab;eday HIV/AIDS?

kMriteBlevla etIRbtibtþkarCMnYyenHmanry³eBlRbEhlb:n μan? etImanTinñn½yGVIxøHsMrab;dMNak;kalRbtibtþkarnimYy² ¬karvaytémøCMhandMbUg karsikSaCamUldæan/ karBinitütamdan nigkarvaytémøcugeRkay¦? etIes,ógGaharnwgman

• etInwgmankarskm μPaBBRgwgsmtßPaBGVIxøHmunnwgcab;epþImkmμviFI ehIyetIkalbriecäTcab;epþImkmμviFI GaceFVIenAéf¶Na? etICMnYyse®gÁaH ¬RBmTaMgCMnYysßabnaeLIgvij¦ GacnwgbBaÄb;ya:gdUceeFVIeTA)an etIkarpøas;bþÚreTAdMnak;kalGPivDÆn_f

m©as;CMnYy

67


• etIsMeNIkmμviFITUlMTUlay nigmanlkçN³Bisþar EdlsþIBIesNab¤y:U (scenario)énkm μviFIRtUv)ansresr eLIgsMrab;m©as;CMnYyEdr b¤eT?

s;CMnYymanry³eBlb:un μan? eRcInEx mYyeTABIrqñaM R)aMeTAdb;qñaM? HGacRtUveR I

BIeRBaHkm μ

arBiPBelak/ kareFVIEpnkarpþl;Gahartamsala kñúgTIkEnøg

• etIes,ógGaharEdlTTYlBIm©a¬RbsinebIes,ógGaharTTYl)anBIm©as;CMnYy manry³eBlEtb:un μanExeTenaH CMnYyen bR)as;CaeRKOgelIkTwkcitþRKUbeRgon RbesIrCageRbIvakñúgkm μviFIpþl;Gahartamsalaeron viFIenHGaceRbIeBlyUredIm,IbegáItva¦.

RbPB³ EksMrYlecjBI³ km μviFIes,ógGahmaneRKaHGasnñ – karviPaKsßankarN_/ kartak;Etgkm μviFI/ karGnuvtþ/ 2004, http://www.wfp.org nig

akmμse®gÁaHkatUlikesv ³ karkMNt;fa etIRtUveRbIes,ógGaharCaFnFanEdr b¤Gt;, www.crs.org

68

karbeRgón nig karsikSa

nig karsikSa 3> karbeRgon esckþIepþIm karsMercyknUvGVIEdlsMxan;sMrab;beRgon KWCakarBi)aksMrab;GñkGb;rMRKb;²rUb. kñúgRKamanGasnñ eKRtUv eFVIkarsMerccitþsMxan;² GMBIlkçN³esvakm μGb;rMEdlRtUvpþl; eTaHkñúgrUbPaBGb;rMkñúgb¤eRkARbB½n§kþI GMBI km μ enIt b¤RbeTsEdlkMBugrs;enAkþI nigGMBIGaTiPaB viFI sikSaEdlRtUvGnuvtþtam eTaHeFVItamRbeTskMénkarsikSa eTaHepþateTAelIkarrs;ran CMnajviC¢aCIv³ b¤karsikSacMenHdwgkþI. vaGacTamTar[mankar EksMrYl b¤ begáItkm μviFIsikSaf μ ImYy.

aRbkarsMxan;EdlkarGb;rMRtUvmanPaBTak;TgsMrab;GñksikSaTaMgGs;Kña. RbkarenHTamTar[mankareFVI rya:gCitsñiT§CamYyshKmn_ nigTTYlTisedAGb;rMBIshKmn_ edIm,IkMNt;nUvtMrUvkarénkarGb;rM. Ca μta vamann½yfaCakareFVIkarCamYyRbB½n§Gb;rMEdlmanRsab; ¬RbsinebIGaceFVIeTA)an¦ CaCagkarbegáIt IgnUvrcnasm<½n§edayELkmYyeTot. vamann½yfa karepþateTAelIkarcUlrYmya:gskm μBIshKmn_kñúg

b;kic© RbwgERbgGb;rM edayrYmbBa©ÚlTaMgkarsMerccitþ EdlTak;TgeTAnwgxøwmsaremeronpgEdr. kmμviFI kSaEdlRbkan;yk KYrmanPaBTak;TgeTAnwgtMrUvkarbc©úb,nñ nigkñúgeBlGnaKtrbs;GñksikSa ehIynwg nPaBsIuKñaeTAnwgBt’manEdlshKmn_RtUvkar edayGaRs½yeTAnwgkal³eTs³Edl)anpøas;bþÚr ayvibtþi dUcCabMNinCIvit karGb;rMBIsnþiPaB karGb;rMBIBlrdæ kar[yl;dwgBIRKab;mIn BIsuxPaB harrUbtßmÖ HIV/AIDS siT§imnusS nigbrisßanCaedIm. karGb;rMbEnßmeTotBIbMNinCIvit KYrRtUv)anpþl; dl;kumar Edlmin)ancUlsala «BukmþayeK mnusScas; nigRkumEdl)at;bg;plRbeyaCn_.

μviFIGb;rMkñúgeBlmanRKaGasnñ KWCaEbbbTmYyénGnþraKmn_citþsa®sþ eRBaHkm μviFITaMgenaHbegáIteLIgnUv isßanGb;rMd¾CitsñiT§i pþl;nUvkmμviFIGb;rMeTogTat; RBmTaMgbNþúHnUvGarmμN_énkþIsgÇwmenAeBlGnaKtpg r. buKÁlRKb;rUbEdlBak;B½n§eTAnwgkarpþl;karGb;rM CaBiessRKUbeRgon nigbuKÁlikrdæ)alsalaeron

vaCkaFmeLRKsimaedGa[

kmbrEd

69


KYrTTYl)annUvkarBnül;ENnaMBItYnaTIrbs;eKkñúgkarkat;bnßynUvkarb:HBal;citþsa®sþ nigsgÁmeTAelIGñk

a:g rsMxan;Edl

RtUv[manviFIsa®sþbeRgon nigeronsURtEdlmanlkçN³cUlrYm edayrYmbBa©ÚltaMgBIviFIsa®sþsisS mCÄmNÐlpgEdr. viFIsa®sþsisSmCÄmNÐlenH KYreqøIytbeTAnwgtMrUvkarbuKÁlTaMgmUlCMnajbeRgon EdlcaM)ac; sMrab;karrs;ranmanCIvit karGPivDÆn_CabuKÁl karTak;TgkñúgsgÁm nigkarsikSacMenHdwg pgEdr. karsikSa rbs;BYkeKnwgRtUv)anBRgwgenAeBlEdleKGacemIleXIjBIbMNg témø nigPaBTak;Tg énGVIEdleKsikSa RBmTaMgenAeBlEdleK)anTTYlnUv»kasmYyedIm,IcUlrYmcMENkya:gskmμkñúgkar sikSarbs;eK.

RbsinebIviFIsa®sþbeRgonTaMgenaHBMu)anbNþúHbNþaleT vaCaRbkarsMxan; EdleKRtUvTTYlkarbNþúHbNþal d¾ smrmümYy KWminRtwmEtkñúgmuxviC¢aCamUldæanEtb:ueNÑaHeTEtkñúgmuxviCa¢EdlmanPaBTak;Tgya:gBiess kñúg sßankarN_manRKaGasnñpgEdr. vak¾CatMrUvkarpgEdrkñúgkar[mankarbNþúHbNþalbnþeTot edIm,I RbQmmuxeTAnwgtMrUvkarcitþsa®sþrbs;RkummnusSEdlCaeKaledA.

shKmn_cg;dwgfa etIrdæaPi)alnwgTTYlsÁal;karGb;rMrbs;kUnecAeKEdrb¤Gt;? ehIyfaetIkUnKat;nwgGac eRbIR)as;karGb;rMenHedIm,IcUleronkñúgfñak;]tþmsikSa b¤rkkargar)aneFVIEdr b¤Gt;? kar)armÖCacMbgKWfa etIrdæaPi)al sßab½nGb;rM nignieyaCkTTYlsÁal;kmμviFIsikSaRBmTaMgsBaØab½RtEdlTTYl)anEdrb¤Gt;. eRkABIeFVI[manPaBRsbc,ab;eTAelIlT§pletsþ_rbs;kUnsisS sBaØab½RtbBa©b;karsikSaTTYlsÁal;sñaréd rbs;kUnsisS CYyCMrujTwkcitþþBYkeK[cUleronkñúgsala. kñúgsßankarN_ePosxøÜn karbBa¢ak;karsikSa mankarBak;B½n§eTAnwgkarcrcar RKb;RCugeRCayCamYyRbeTsEdleKkMBugrs;enA nigRbeTsEdlCaedIm kMeNItrbs;eK. eKcg;)anfa ebIsinCakñúgsßankarN_ePosxøÜnyUrGEgVg kmμviFIsikSaRtUvEtsMrbeTAtamviFI Gb;rMTaMgBIrRbeTs ehIytUvEtTTYlsÁal;edayRbeTskMeNItnigRbeTsEdlkMBugpþl;karGb;rMenaH. TegVI enHTamTar[mankarsMrbsMrYlkñúgtMbn;nigGnþrPñak;garCaBiessNamYy edIm,IIeFVIsuxdumnIykmμdl; skmμPaBGb;rM nigsMNMuerOgCnePosxøÜnkñúgRbeTsepSg²Kña.

sikSa.

esvakmμGb;rMKYrTTYlsÁal;fa mnusSeyIgeronsURttamviFI nigel,ÓnepSg²Kña ehIyBYkeKRtUvEtcUlrYmyskmμeTAkñúgdMeNIrkarsikSa. edIm,I[mnusSeyIgeronsURtya:gmanRbsiT§PaBenaH vaCaRbka

70



NIr arénkarbegáIt nigGnuvtþkmμaH. GtßbTkñúgCMBUkenH KYrRtUv)aneRbIR)as;RsbCamYynwgsþg;darYm edayrYmbBa©ÚlnUvkarcUlrYmcMENk

nrggayTTYlkarrgeRKaHeTotpgedIm,IFana[)annUvPaBRtwmRtUv nig KuNPaBénkarCYy.

dMe k viFIGb;rM KWCaktþasMxan;mYyedIm,IkMNt;nUvRbsiT§PaBénCMnYyEpñkGb;rM en rbs;shKmn_ FnFanmUldæan kar)a:n;sμandMbUg kareqøIytb karBinitütamdan nigkarvaytémø. CaBiess

eRKaHedaymhnþray edayrab;bBa©ÚltaMgBIRkum eKKYrEtCMruj[mankarcUlrYmCaGtibrmaBIsMNak;RkumCCn

sþg;daGb,brma³ sþg;daTaMgenHmanlkçN³EbbKuNPaB ehIybBa¢ak;kMritGb,brmaEdlnwg sMerckñúgkarpþl;CMnYyGb;rM. sUcnakrsMxan;²³ KWCa {sBaØa} EdlbgðajfaetIsþg;daRtUv)ansMercb¤eT. sUcnakrTaMgenH pþl;nUvviFI mYysMrab;vas; nigbgðajplb:HBal;b¤lT§plénkmμviFIRBmTaMgdMeNIrkarb¤viFIsaRsþEdleRbI. sUcnakr TaMgenH GacmanlkçN³EbbKuNPaB b¤brimaN. kMNt;sMKal;ENnaM³ rYmmancMNucCak;lak;edIm,IBicarNaenAeBlGnuvtþsþg;da nigsUcnakrkñúgsßanPaB epSg²Kña karENnaMGMBIkaredaHRsaykarlM)akCak;Esþg nigdMbUn μanGMBIbBaðaGaTiPaB. kMNt;sMKal;ENnaM GacrYmbBa©ÚlpgEdrnUvbBaðasMxan;²EdlTak;Tgnwgsþg;da nigsUcnakr nigerobrab;GMBICMerIs EdlBi)ak sMerc PaBcMrUgcMras; b¤cenøaHRbehagenAkñúgcMeNHdwgbc©úb,nñ. ]bsm<½n§2 rYmman tarageRCIserIsÉksar eyag EdlbgðajRbPBBt’manGMBIbBaðaTUeTA nig bBaðabec©keTsCak;lak; EdlTak;TgnwgEpñkenH.

71


sþg;daTI1 kmμviFIsikSa

kmμviFIsikSa EdlmanPaB Tak;TgeTAnwgvb,Fm’ sgÁm nig Pasa RtUv)aneRbIR)as; edIm,IpþlnUvkarGb;rMkñúg nig eRkARbB½n§ EdlmanlkçN³ smRsbeTAnwgsßanPaB eRKaHGasnñCak;lak;NamYy

sþg;daTI2karbNþúHbNþal

RKUbeRgon nig buKÁlikGb;rM epSgeTotTTYl)annUvkar bNþúHbNþaltamkMlugeBl Cak;lak; manPaBTak;Tg nig mankartak;EtgRtwmRtUveTA tamtMrUvkar nig kal³eTs³

sþg;daTI2karbNþúHbNþal

RKUbeRgon nig buKÁliGb;rM epSgeTotTTYl)annUvkar bNþúHbNþaltamkMlugeBl Cak;lak; manPaBTak;Tg nig mankartak;EtgRtwmRtUveTA tamtMrUvkar nig kal³eTs³

sþg;daTI3karbeRgon

karbeRgon KWmanlkçN³ sisSmCÄmNÐl manlkçN³ cUlrYm nigmanlkçN³bBa©Úl Kña

sþg;daTI4karvaytémø

viFIsa®sþsmrmüRtUv)aneRbI edIm,Ivaytémø nigpþl;témø dl;lT§plsikSa

karbeRgon nig karsikSa

]bsm<½n§ TI2³ Éksareyag nig esckþIENnaMFnFan EpñkkarbeRgon nigkarsikSa

72


sUcnakrsMxan;² ¬sMrab;GanCamYynwg kMNt;sMKal;ENnaM¦

sþg;daTI1énkarbeRgon nigkarsikSa³ kmμviFIsikSakm μviFIsikSaEdlmanPaBTak;TgeTAnwgvb,Fm’ sgÁm nig Pasa RtUv)aneRbIR)as;edIm,Ipþl;nUvkar Gb;rMkñúg nigeRkARbB½n§ EdlmanlkçN³smRsbeTAnwgsßanPaBeRKaHGasnñCak;lak;NamYy

• km μviFIEdlmanRsab;RtUv)anBinitüeLIgvij edIm,I[manPaBsmRsbeTAnwgGayu b¤kMritvDvb,Fm’ smtßPaB nigtMrUv

Ænakar Pasa karrbs;GñksikSa Edl)anrgeRKaHedayeRKaHGasnñ. kmμviFIRtUv)aneRbIR)as;

;B½n§ ehIyeKRtUvKitBicarNaeTAelIRbeyaCn_ nigtMrUvkar

RbQmmuxeTAnwgkarrs;enAkñúgkMLúgeBl nigeRkayeBlmaneRKaHGasnñ ¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;ENnaM TI 6¦.

• xøwmsaremeron smÖar³ nigkarbeRgonRtUv)anpþl;tamry³Pasarbs;GñksikSa nig RKUbeRgonCaBiess kñúgqñaMdMbUg²énkarsikSa ¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;ENnaMTI 7¦.

• km μviFIsikSa nigviFIsa®sþbeRgoneqøIytbeTAnwgtMrUvkarbc©úb,nñrbs;GñksikSa nigbegáIt»kassikSana eBlGnaKt ¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;ENnaMTI 8¦.

• km μviFIsikSa nigsmÖar³beRgonmanPaBKitKUBIeynD½r TTYlsÁal;PaBedayELk²BIKñarbs;GñksikSa nigelIkkMBs;»kassikSanaeBlGnaKt ¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;ENnaMTI 9¦.

Ek sMrYl b¤eFVI[kan;Etl¥tamkarEdlcaM)ac; ¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;ENnaMTI 1-3¦.

• enAeBlEdlTamTar[mankarbegáIt b¤EksMrYlmkeRbInUvkm μviFIsikSa TegVITaMgenaHRtUv)aneFVIeday mankarcUlrYmd¾manRbsiT§PaBBIsMNak;PaKIBakx<s;bMputrbs;GñksikSa ¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;ENnaMTI 1-3¦.

• km μviFIsikSa elIkeLIgBIbMNinCIvit Gkçrkm μ elxnBVn§ RBmTaMgsmtßPaBsMxan;²énkarGb;rMCa mUldæan EdlTak;TgeTAnwgdMnak;kalnimYy²énRKamanGasnñ ¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;ENnaMTI 4-5¦.

• km μviFIsikSaelIkeLIgnUvtMrUvkarsuxmalPaBcitþsgÁmrbs;RKUbeRgon nigGñksikSaedIm,I[eKGac

73


smÖar³beRgon nig sikSaRKb;RKan;RtUv)anpþl;tamtMrUvkar [Tan;eB;RtUv)anpþl;tamtMrUvkar [Tan;eBl edIm,IKaMRTdl;skmμPaBGb;rM EdlBak;B½n§. eKKYreRCIserIsyksmÖar³EdlmankñúgmUldæanedIm,IFananUvnirnþPaB ¬ sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;ENnaMTI 10¦.

• •

kMNt;sMKal;ENnaM

1 tUv)an km μPaBmYy edIm,ICYy[GñksikSaBRgIkmUldæancMeNHdwg > km μviFIsikSa GacR kMNt;faCaEpnkarsnigCMnajrbs;eK. sMrab rma RbICaq bdNþb; ;bMNgénsþg;daGb,b }km μviFIsikSa} RtUv)ane ½RtmYyEdlRK½RtmYyEdlRKtaMgBIkm μviFIGb;rMkñúg nig ta IeKalbMngénkarsikSa xøwmsaremeronviFIsa®sþ eRkARbB½n§. varYmbBa©Úl©Úl MgBbeRgon nigviFIsa®sþ s ®sþvaytémø. kmμviFIGb;rMkñúg nig eRkARbB½n§KYrEt mÖar³beRgon nigviFIsaGnuelam eTAtamkmμviFIsikSa EdlbegáIteLIgedayeyageTAtamcMenHdwg nigbTBiesaFn_rbs; GñksikSa ehIy EdlmanPaBTak;TgeTAnwgbrisßanCit²xøÜn. sMrab;sþg;daGb,brma niymn½yxag eRkamenHRtUv)aneRbI³

-


74

smÖar³beRgon nig sikSaRKb;RKan l edIm,IKaMRTdl;skmμPaBGb;rM EdlBak;B½n§. eKKYreRCIserIsyksmÖar³EdlmankñúgmUldæanedIm,IFananUvnirnþPaB ¬ sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;ENnaMTI 10¦.

kMNt;sMKal;ENnaM

1 tUv)an km μPaBmYy edIm,ICYy[GñksikSaBRgIkmUldæancMeNHdwg > km μviFIsikSa GacR kMNt;faCaEpnkarsnigCMnajrbs;eK. sMrab rma RbICaq bdNþb; ;bMNgénsþg;daGb,b }km μviFIsikSa} RtUv)anetaMgBIkm μviFIGb;rMkñúg nig ta IeKalbMngénkarsikSa xøwmsaremeronviFIsa®sþ eRkARbB½n§. varYmbBa MgBbeRgon nigviFIsa®sþ s ®sþvaytémø. kmμviFIGb;rMkñúg nig eRkARbB½n§KYrEt mÖar³beRgon nigviFIsaGnuelam eTAtamkmμviFIsikSa EdlbegáIteLIgedayeyageTAtamcMenHdwg nigbTBiesaFn_rbs; GñksikSa ehIy EdlmanPaBTak;TgeTAnwgbrisßanCit²xøÜn. sMrab;sþg;daGb,brma niymn½yxag eRkamenHRtUv)aneRbI³

- eKalbMNgk áIttamry³ arsikSa sMedAeTAelIcMenHdwg CMnaj témø nig \riyabf EdlnwgRtUvbegskmμPaBGb;rM.

- xøwmsaremeron KWCaemeronEdlRtUv)aneron ¬dUcCacMenHdwg CMnaj témø \riyabf CaedIm¦.

- viFIsa®sþbeRgon sMedAeTAelIviFIsa®sþEdl)aneRCIserIssMrab; ¬b¤EdleRbIR)as;kñúg¦ karBnül; bgðajnUvxøwmsaremeron.

- viFIsa®sþbeRgon KWCasmasPaKmYyrbs;viFIsa®sþbeRgon ehIyvasMedAeTAelIrebobGnuvtþ viFIsa®sþTaMgmUl nig

- smÖar³beRgon sMedAeTAelIesovePA pÞaMgrUbPaB nig smÖar³beRgon nigsikSaepSg²eTot. km μviFIsikSaénkarGb;rMkñúgnigeRkARbB½n§ KYrmanxøwmsaremeronmanKuNPaBEdlmankarKitKUr BIeynD½r nigEdlsmRsbeTAnwgkMritsikSa ehIyEdleRbIR)as;PasaEdlRKUbeRgon nigGñksikSa Gacyl;)an. viFIsa®sþcUlrYm KYrEtCaEpñkmYyénkm μviFIsikSaedIm,ICMruj[GñksikSaRbkan;nUv tYnaTIkan;Etskm μkñúgkarsikSa ¬sUmGan]bsm<½n§TI1³ kareRbIR)as;Bakü sMrab;karkMNt;niymn½y én }karGb;rM EdlmanKuNPaB} nig }karGb;rMEdlmanPaBTak;Tg}¦.

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7

2> smRsbtamGayu nig kMriténkarviDÆn_³ kmμviFIsikSa KYrRtUv)anRtYtBinitü edIm,IFanafakmμviFI sikSaenaH minRtwmEtsmRsbtamGayub:ueNÑaHeT EtEfmTaMgRtwmRtUvtamkMritvDÆnakarrbs; GñksikSaeTotpg. Gayu nig kMritvDÆnakar GacmanPaBxusKñaeRcInenAkñúgkmμviFIGb;rMTaMgkñúg nig eRkARbB½n§kñúgeBlman eRKaHGasnñ dUcenHvaTamTar[mankarEksMrYlnUvkmμviFIsikSanigviFIsa®sþ. cMeBaHBakü }sm RsbtamGayu} enaH KWsMedAeTAelIkMriténGayurbs;GñksikSa ehIyBakü }smRsbtamvDÆnakar} enaH KWsMedAeTAelItMrUvkarCak;Esþg nig karvivtþn_EpñkbBaØarbs;GñksikSa.

3> karbegáItkm μviFIsikSa GacCadMeNIrkarEvgq¶ay nigmankarBi)akk¾b:uEnþkñúgeBlmaneRKaHGasnñ km μviFI sikSaeRcInEtRtUv)anEksMrYlecjBIkm μviFIsikSakñúgRbeTsEdlpþl;karGb;rMBIRbeTskMeNIt b¤BIkEnøg maneRKaHGasnñepSg²eTot. vaCakarsMxan;kñúgkarFana[dwgfakm μviFIsikSaEdlbegáItsMrab; karGb;rMkñúg nigeRkARbB½n§)anKitKUrBItMrUvkarBiess²rbs;GñksikSaRKb;rUb edayrYmtaMgBIkumar EdlmankarTak;TgeTAnwgkgkMlaMgRbdab;GavuF (CAFF) kumarII GñksikSaelIsGayu Gñke)aHbg;ecal karsikSa nig GñksikSaEdlCamnusSeBjv½y. vak¾CaRbkarsMxan;dUcKñaEdr EdlRtUvFana[mankar cUlrYmya:gskmμBIsMNak;PaKIBak;B½n§eTAkñúgkartak;EtgkmμviFIsikSa k¾dUcCakarBinitüeLIgvijtam kMLúgeBl eTAelIkm μviFIGb;rM. buKÁleRcInRbePTKYrRtUv)anRbwkSaeyabl;edayrYmtaMgBIGñksikSa smaCikshKmn_ RKUbeRgon GñksMrbsMrYl GaCJaFrGb;rM RBmTaMgGñkRKb;RKgkm μviFICaedIm. enAeBlEdlkm μviFIGb;rMRtUv)anbegáIteLIgkñúgkMLúgeBl b¤eRkayBIeBlmaneRKaHGasnñ eKRtUveRCIs erIseRbIR)as;¬b¤EksMrYl nigbEnßmbnßyRbsinebIcaM)ac;¦nUvkm μviFIsikSafñak;bzm nigfñak;mFüm sikSaNaEdlRtUv)anTTYlsÁal;. cMeBaHkmμviFIGb;rMkñúgRbB½n§EdlRtUvpþl;[CnePosxøÜn vaCaCMerIs RbesIrkñúgkarGnuvtþtamkmμviFIsikSarbs;RbeTskMeNIt edIm,IsMrYl[manRtlb;eTARbeTsenaHvij tamkarsμ ½RKcitþ ¬eTaHCaTegVIenHBMuEmnsuT§EtCakarEdlGaceFVIeTA)an nigmanPaBsmrmük¾eday¦. TsSn³rbs;CnePosxøÜn nigrbs;RbeTsEdlpþl;karGb;rMenaHKYrRtUv)aneKKitKUrBicarNaya:g l¥itl¥n;. Cakarl¥ kñúgsßanPaBePosxøÜnry³eBlEvgkmμviFIsikSatMrUv[mankarTTYlsÁal;BIsMNak;RbeTs kMeNIt nigBIsMNak;RbeTsEdlpþl;karGb;rM. TegVIenHTamTar[mankarsMrbsMrYlfñak; tMbn; nig BIGnþrPñak;garedIm,IeFVIsuxdumnIykm μdl;skmμPaBGb;rM nigelIsMnuMerOgCnePosxøÜn kñúgRbeTs epSg²Kña. bBaðalMGitEdlRtUveFVIkarsMercsMrab;bBa¢ak;karsikSa rYmbBa©ÚlnUvsmtßPaBEpñk PasaRBmTaMgkarTTYlsÁal;lT§plkarRblg.

5


4> viFIsa®sþbeRgonsmrmü KYrRtUv)anbegáIt nigRbkan;ykedIm,ItMrUveTAtambribTtMrUvkar Gayu nigsmtßPaBrbs;GñksikSa. karGnuvtþviFIsa®sþfμ I² kñúgdMNak;kaldMbUgéneBlmaneRKaHGasnñ GacmanPaBtantwgpøÚvcitþdl;RKUEdlmanbTBiesaFn_ k¾dUcCaGñksikSa «Bukmþay nigsmaCik shKmn_EdlGacKitfakareRbIR)as;viFIsa®sþfμ I²enHCakarpøas;bþÚrFM² nigqab;rh½s. karGb;rMkñúgRKa manGasnñ b¤kñúgdMNak;kaldMbUgénkarsßabnaeLIgvij KYrpþl;[RKUbeRgonkñúgkEnøgGb;rMeRkARbB½n§ mYynUv»kassMrab;pøas;bþÚr k¾b:uEnþ karbþÚreTAGnuvtþviFIsa®sþmankarcUlrYm b¤EdlmanPaBsñiT§sñaleTA nwgGñksikSaenHRtUvEteFVIeLIgedayykcitþTukdak; nigRbkbedayvicarNBaØaN. sMrab;kareFVI GnþraKmn_EpñkGb;rMeRkARbB½n§ viFIsa®sþsisSmCÄmNÐlGacRtUv)anbBa©Úl)anya:grh½stamry³kar bNþúHbNþalGñksμ½RKcitþ GñkKUrKMnUrtøúk nigGñksMrbsMrYl.

5> smÖar³ smtßPaBsMxan;² KYrRtUv)ankMNt;munnwgbegáIt b¤EksMrYlykmkeRbInUvxøwmsaremeron nigbeRgon. eRkAGMBIGkçrkmμ nig elxnBVn§Fmμta }smtßPaBsMxan;²énkarGb;rMCamUldæan} sMedAeTAelI cMeNHdwg sMxan;² CMnaj \riyabf RBmTaMgkarGnuvtþEdlCatMrUvkarrbs;GñksikSa Edlsßitkñúg c amCa MeNamCnrgeRKaHedayeRKaHGasnñ edIm,I[BYkeKcUlrYmya:gskm μnigya:gmanGtßn½ykñúgnsmaCikshKmn_ b¤RbeTsrbs;eK.

6> tMrUvkarcitþsa®sþ nig vDÆnakarrbs;GñksikSa k¾dUcCarbs;buKÁlikGb;rMEdr RtUvEtTTYl)annUvkar KitKUr BicarNa nigedaHRsayenARKb;dMnak;kalénRKamanGasnñedayrYmbBa©ÚltaMgBIeBlmanvibtþi nigeBl egIbBIvibtþipgEdr. buKÁlikGb;rMTaMgGs;KñaeTaHCakñúg b¤eRkARbB½n§k¾edayKYrTTYl)ankarbNþúHbNþal CMnajkñugkarkt;sMKal;nUvsBaØaNénPaBtantwgpøÚvcitþrbs;GñksikSa nigGMBICMhanEdlRtUvedaHRsay nig eqøIytbeTAnwgGkb,kiriyaenHenAkñúgbrisßansikSa. ynþkarbBa¢Ún KYrRtUv)anedATukya:gc,as; las;sMrab;buKÁlikGb;rMkñúgkarpþl;karKaMRTdl;GñksikSaNaEdlmanvibtþipøÚvcitþF¶n;F¶r. viFIsa®sþ beRgonEdleRbICamYyRkumkumar nigyuvCnEdlmanPaBb:HTgwÁHpøÚvcitþKYrbBa©ÚlnUvrcnasm<½n§ EdlGac s Ba©ÚlnUv μanCamun)an nUvry³eBlsikSaxøICagedIm,I[BYkeKGacepþatkarykcitþTukdak; RBmTaMgbv kar iFIsa®sþvin½yviC¢man karcUlrYmrbs;sisSTaMgGs;kñúgRKb;skmμPaBsikSa RBmTaMgEl,g EdlmanshkarKñapgEdr. e m Kk¾RtUvKitKUrBicarNapgEdreTAelItMrUvkarcitþsa®sþrbs;buKÁlikGb;rM eRBaHBYkeKk¾mkBIkñúgcMeNaR g kumCnrgeRKaH ehIyBYkeKk¾RbQmmuxeTAnwgPaBtantwgpøÚvcitþnigkarTgÁwHpøÚvcitþdUcGñksikSapE KitKUrBicarNay:agc,as;las; dr. karbNþúHbNþal karBinitütamdan nigkarCYyCabnþbnÞab; KYr

76


GMBIktþaTaMgenHpgEdr ¬sUmGankarTTYlyk nig brisßansikSa/ sþg;daTI1 enATMB½rTI56 EdlsþIBI taragBinitücitþsa®sþ. ehIysUmGankarTTYlyk nigbrisßansikSa/ sþg;daTI2 enATMB½rTI60 nig RKUbeRgon nig buKÁlikGb;rMdéTeTot sþg;daTI3 enATMB½rTI97¦.

7> Pasa³ vaCakarFmμta EdlRbeTsTTYl[sñak;enA RtUvCYy[kmμviFIGb;rMCnePosxøÜnGnuelameTAtam sþg;darbs;eK edayrYmbBa©ÚltaMgBIkareRbIR)as;Pasa nigkm μviFIsikSapgEdr. k¾b:uEnþvaCakarsMxan; kñúgkarKitKUrBIGnaKtrbs;GñksikSa CaBiesscMeBaHGñkEdlR)afñacg;bnþkarsikSaenAeRkayeBlman eRKaHGasnñ. PaKICMnYymnusSFm’ KYrCMruj[)anxøaMgkøaedIm,I[rdæaPi)alm©as;pÞHGnuBaØatþ[CnePos xøÜneronsURtCaPasakMenItrbs;eK. RbsinebIRbkarenHRtUv)anGnuBaØatþ xøwmsaremeronsMxan;² esovePAENnaMRKUbeRgon esovePABum<sisS RBmTaMgsmÖar³sMeNr nig]beTsCMnYykñúgkaremIl nig karsþab;epSg² EdlminEmnsresrCaPasakMenItrbs;GñksikSaeTenaH KYrEtTTYlkarbkERbCaPasa kMenItrbs;GñksikSa. RbsinebIRbkarenHminRtUv)anGnuBaØatþeTenaH eKKYrbegáIt[manfñak;eron nig skmμPaBbEnßmCaPasakMenItrbs;GñksikSa.

8> xøwmsaremeron nig eKalKMnitsMxan;²³ enAeBlkMNt;xøwmsaremeron eKKYrBicarNaeTAelIcMenHdwg CMnaj nigPasa EdlmanRbeyaCn_dl;GñksikSakñúgdMnak;kalnimYy²éneRKaHGasnñ ehIyEdlCYy BRgwgsmtßPaBGñksikSakñúgkarrs;enAedayÉkraCü nigmanRbeyaCn_kñúgkMLúgeBl nigeRkayman eRKaHGasnñ ehIyedIm,I[eKmanlT§PaBTTYl)annUv»kassikSabnþbnÞab;eTot. xøwmsaremeron smRsbnwgeKalKMnitsMxan;²KYrerobcMeLIgtamcMNucdUcteTA³

- karGb;rMsuxPaBEp¥kelICMnaj ¬EdlsmRsbeTAnwgGayu nig sßankarN_¦³ karse®gÁaHPøam² (first aid) suxPaBbnþBUC karcMlgemeraKpøÚvePT, HIV/AIDS

- siT§imnusS nig sþg;damnusSFm’ PaBCaBlrdæskmμ karGb;rM karsßabnasnþiPaB PaBGhwgSa kar bgáar RKb;RKg edaHRsayCemøaH karkarBarkumar snþisux nigsuvtßiPaB

- skm μPaBvb,Fm’dUcCa ePøg r)aM elçan kILa nig El,g - Bt’man EdlcaM)ac;kñúgkarrs;rankñúgbrisßanfμ I³ karyl;dwgBIRKab;mIn nigeRKOgminTan;pÞúH kar

CenøósPøam² nig karTTYl)annUvesvakm μ - PaBvDÆnakarénkumar nig ek μgCMTg; nig - CMnajciBa©wmCIvit nig karbNþúHbNþalviC¢aCIv³

77


9> PaBxusKña KYrRtUv)anKitKUrBicarNakñúgkartak;Etg nigGnuvtþskm μPaBGb;rMkñúgRKb;dMNak;kaléneBl maneRKaHGasnñ CaBiess KWkarbBa©ÚlnUvGñksikSaepSg²Kña karbBa©ÚlnUvRKUbeRgon b¤GñksMrb sMrYlEdlmkBIRbPBxus²Kña nigkarCMrujbegáItnUvPaBGt;F μt; nigkareKarBrvagKña nig Kña. cMNucEdlKYrBicarNa kñúgkarCMruj[manPaBxusKña GacrYmman eynD½r vb,Fm’ sBa¢ati CnCati sasna smtßPaBeron sURt GñksikSaEdlmantMrUvkarGb;rMBiess RBmTaMgkarbeRgonsisSEdl mankMritnigGayueRcInxus²Kña.

10> smÖar³sikSaEdlmankñúgmUldæansMrab;GñksikSa KYrRtUv)an)a:n;sμanTuk enAeBlmanekIteRKaHGasnñ Pøam². sMrab;CnePosxøÜn varYmmansmÖar³EdlykmkBIRbeTs b¤kEnøgkMenIt. smÖar³KYrRtUv)anEk sMrYl begáIt b¤bBa¢aTij ehIyRtUv[mankñúgbrimaNRKb;RKan;. eKTamTar[mankarBinitütamdan karsþúkTuk karEckcay nigkareRbIR)as;smÖar³TaMgGs;enH. GñksikSaKYrEtmanlT§PaBeRbIR)as;nUv xøwmsaremeron ehIysmÖar³beRgonKYrEtqøúHbBa©aMg nigmanPaBeKarBdl;vb,Fm’rbs;GñksikSa.

sUc

• ke

• tk


arbNþúHbNþalmanPaBTak;TgeTAnwgtMrUvkarCaGaTiPaB eKalbMngénskmμPaBGb;rM RBmTaMgxøwmsar meron ¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;ENnaMTI 1-2¦.

amTIkEnøgsmrmü karbNþúHbNþalRtUv)anTTYlsÁal; nigÉkPaBedayGCJaFrGb;rMBak;B½n§ ¬sUmGan MNt;sMKal;ENnaMTI3-4¦.

sþg;daTI2énkarbeRgon nigkarsikSa³ karbNþúHbNþalRKUbma

eRgon nigbuKÁlikGb;rMdéTeTot TTYl)annUvkarbNþúHbNþaltamkMLúgeBlCak; lak; nPaBTak;Tg nigmankartak;EtgRtwmRtUveTAtamtMrUvkar nig kal³eTs³

78


• Rkk

ss

• xs

• kR

KUCMnajCaGñkGnuvtþkmμviFIbNþúHbNþal ehIyRtUveFVIkñúglkçN³CakarCYyKaMRT nigdwknaMCabnþbnÞab; artamdanbnþ nig karRtYtBinitütamkEnøgeFVIkar RBmTaMgkarbNþúHbNþalsareLIgvij ¬sUmGan MNt;sMKal;;ENnaMTI 4¦.

• karbNþúHbNþalEdlrYmbBa©ÚlnUvkartamdanbnþpgEdr CMrujelIkTwkcitþRKUbeRgon[køayCaGñksMrb MrYlkñúgbrisßansikSa begáIt[manviFIsa®sþcUlrYmkñúgkarbeRgon nigbkRsaybgðajBIviFIeRbIR)as; mÖar³beRgon.

øwmsaremeronRtUv)anvaytémøCaRbcaM edIm,IkMNt;faetIvaeqøIytbeTAnwgtMrUvkarRKUbeRgon sisS nig hKmn_Edr b¤Gt; ehIyRbsinebIcaM)ac; xøwmsaremeronenaHk¾RtUveFVIkarEksMrYlCaRbcaMEdr.

arbNþúHbNþalpþl;[RKUbeRgonnUvcMnajsmrmüedIm,I[BYkKat;manlT§PaBRbkan;tYnaTICaGñkdwknaM bsinebIvaCatMrUvkarrbs;smaCikshKmn_.

kMNt;sMKal;ENnaM

1> RKUbeRgon sMedAeTAelIRKUkñúgkm μviFIGb;rMkñúgRbB½n§ nigGñksMrbsMrYlkñúgkmμviFIGb;rMeRkARbB½n§ ¬sUmGan cMNucRKUbeRgon nig buKÁlikGb;rMd¾éTeTot sþg;daTI 1-3 enATMB½rTI93-97 edIm,Iyl;dwgBIBt’man sþIBIkarTTYlbuKÁlik[cUleFVIkar nigkareRCIserIslkç½NÐkargar RBmTaMgkarKaMRTnigRtYtBinitü¦.

2> amYyrbs;buKÁlikGb;rM karbegáItkm μviFI nig xøwmsarbNþúHbNþal KYrEtEp¥keTAelItMrUvkarCak;lak;NkñúgbribTénsßankarN_ nigedayKitBIPaBkMNt;énfvikanigeBlevla. km μviFIbNþúHbNþal KYrelIk eLIgBIbBaðaRbQmmuxénkarGb;rMedayvaytémøCamUldæan kñúgkMLúgeBlmanRKaGasnñ ehIyRbsin ebIcaM)ac;vaKYrbBa©ÚlnUvbMNinCIvit nig karGb;rMsnþiPaBkñúgkarbNþúHbNþalenaH. km μviFIbNþúHbNþalGacrYmman ¬b:uEnþminkMNt;Et¦ cMenHdwgmuxviC¢asñÚl viFIsa®sþKruekaslü nig beRgon karvivtþn_rbs;kumar karbeRgonmnusSeBjv½y kareKarBPaBepSg²Kña karbeRgonGñksikSa EdlmantMrUvkarBiesstMrUvkarcitþsa®sþ nigvDÆnakar karbgáar/ RKb;RKg/ edaHRsayCemøaH nig karGb;rMsnþiPaB siT§imnusS nigsiT§ikumar RkmsIlFm’ CMnajRbcaMCIvitrbs;RKUbeRgon ¬edayrYmTaMg HIV/AIDS¦ PaB Tak;Tgrvagsalaeron nigshKmn_ kareRbIR)as;FnFanshKmn_ RBmTaMgkarkMNt; nigedaHRsaytMrUv karrbs;RkummnusSEdlQb;sMctry³eBlxøI nigGñkEdleFVImatuPUminivtþn_ dUcCa RkummnusSEdlerITIkEnøgb¤CnePosxøÜnkñúgRsukCaedIm.

79


3> karKaMRT nigkarsMrbsMrYlkarbNþúHbNþal³ enAeBlEdleRKaHGasnñmansßirPaBeLIgvij ehIy GCJaFrGb;rMCatinigmUldæan RBmTaMgKNkm μkarGb;rMshKmn_pgEdrKYrmankarcUlrYmkñúgkartak;Etg nigGnuvtþskm μPaBbNþúHbNþalRKUkñúgnigeRkARbB½n§enATIkEnøgNaEdlGaceFVIeTA)an. vaCadMbUnμan mYyEdlRtUvcab;epþImBiPakSaKñaBIkmμviFIbNþúHbNþalRKUEdlkMBugbeRgonRBmTaMgynþkar TTYlsÁal; karbNþúHbNþalEdlTTYl)anmunnwgmankareqøIytbeTAnwgeRKaHGasnñ. k¾b:uEnþkñúgsßankarN_ePos xøÜnCaeRcIn vaBMusUvmanTMnak;TMngKñarvagshKmn_CnePosxøÜnRBmTaMgkmμviFIGb;rMrbs;eK CamYynwg RbB½n§Gb;rMmUldæanenaH. enATIkEnøgEdlGaceFVIeTA)anRKUbNþúHbNþalkñúgmUldæanKYrRtUv)ankMNt; edIm,I[Kat;begáIt nigGnuvtþ karbNþúHbNþalsmRsbsMrab;RKUbeRgon ehIyRKUbNþúHbNþalTaMgenaHTamTar[mansmtßPaB sMrbsMrYl nigCMnajkñúgkarbNþúHbNþalpgedr. enATINaEdlBMumanRKUbNþúHbNþalRKb;RKan; b¤BYkKat; k¾BMuTan;)anTTYlkarbNþúHbNþalRKb;RKan;eTenaH Pñak;garxageRkA ¬GgÁkarshRbCaCati NGO Gnþr Cati¦ nigsßab½nmUldæanCati nigtMbn;KYreFVIkarsMrbsMrYlCamYyKñaCYyBRgwgdl;rcnasm<½n§ nigsßab½nmanRsab; b¤sßab½nbeNþaHGasnñNa EdlkMBugpþl;karbNþúHbNþaldl;RKUEdlkMBugbeRgon b¤RKUEdlnwgRtUvbeRgonnaeBlGnaKt.

4> karTTYlsÁal; nig kar[témø³ karÉkPaB nigkar[témøBIsMNak;GCJaFrGb;rMmUldæan nigCati RtUv)an EsVgrk edIm,ImYycMEnkFana[manKuNPaB nigkarTTYlsÁal;kñúgsßanPaBbc©úb,nñ nigmYy EpñkeTot edIm,IsMlwgemIleTAsßankarN_ eRkayeBlmaneRKaHGasnñ. kñúgkrNIRKUbeRgonEdlCaCn ePosxøÜn GCJaFrGb;rMrbs;RbeTs EdlCam©as;pÞH b¤RbeTskMenIt ¬ya:gehacNas;k¾)anmYyEdrkñúgcMenam RbeTsTaMgBIr¦ KYrEtTTYlsÁal;karbNþúHbNþalRKUbeRgonRtUv)anerobcM nigrkSaÉksarTukya:g l¥ ehIyEdleqøIytbeTAnwgtMrUvkarsmtßPaBRKUbeRgonrbs;GCJaFrGb;rM k¾dUcCakarrYmbBa©ÚlnUvsmas PaKbEnßmEdlBak;Bn§½eTAnwgeRKaHGasnñ.

80


sUc

• pþl;nUv»kascUlrYmya:gskmμkñúgkarsikSarbs;BYkeK¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;

• sURt

• sikSa RKUbeRgonbkRsaybgðajBIkaryl;dwgnUvxøwmsar eRgon Edl)anTTYlBIvKÁbNþúHbNþal.

¬

nakrsMxan;² ¬sMrab;GanCamYy kMNt;sMKal;;¦

GñksikSa RtUv)an

skarbeRgon manlkçN³sisSmCÄmNÐl manlkçN³cUlrYm nigmanlkçN³bBa©ÚlKña þg;daTI3énkarbeRgon nigkarsikSa³ karbeRgon

ENnaMTI1¦

viFIsa®sþEdlmanlkçN³cUlrYm RtUv)aneRbIedIm,IsMrYldl;karcUlrYmrbs;GñksikSakñúgkareronrbs;eK nigedIm,IeFVIl¥RbesIrdl;brisßansikSa.

tamry³lMhat;Gnuvtþ nigTMnak;TMngKñarvagGñkemeron nigGMBICMnajb

• karbeRgoneqøIytbeTAnwgtMrUvkarrbs;GñksikSaRKb;rUb¬edayrYmbBa©ÚltaMgBIGñksikSa EdlmantMrUvkar BiesspgEdr¦ tamry³karCMrujbegáItPaBEdlGacbBa©ÚlKñanigkarkat;bnßy]bsKÁ kñúgkarsikSa sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;;ENnaMTI2¦

• «Bukmþay nigGñkdwknaMshKmn_yl;BI nigTTYlykxøwmsaremeron nigviFIsa®sþbeRgonEdl)aneRbI ¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;;ENnaMTI3¦.

kMNt;sMKal;ENnaM

1> karcUlrYmya:gskm μ³ karbeRgonKYrmanlkçN³R)aRs½yTak;Tg nigmankarcUlrYmBIGñksikSa. kñúg cMeNamviFIsa®sþepSg²eTotkarbeRgonGaceFVItamry³³ kargarCarRkum kargarKMerag (project work) mitþGb;rMmitþ karsMEdgtY karniTanerOg El,g vIedGU nigerOgepSg²CaedIm. karsikSad¾skmμCYybegáIt TMnak;TMngCitsñiT§rvagRKU nigGñksikSa ehIyk¾CYypgEdrkñúgkarFana[mansuxmalPaBcitþsa®sþ viC¢man ¬sUmGancMNuckarTTYlyk nigbrisßansikSa sþg;daTI 2/ kMNt;sMKal;ENnaMTI 6 enATMB½r TI62¦.

81


2> ]bsKÁénkarsikSa³ RKUbeRgon KYrTTYlkarbNþúHbNþal[ecHniyayCamYy«Bukmþay smaCik shKmn_ GñkdwknaMGb;rM nigPaKIBak;B½n§déTeTotBIsar³sMxan;énskm μPaBGb;rMkñúg nigeRkARbB½n§ kñúgTI kEnøgEdlmaneRKaHGasnñk¾dUcCaBiPakSaBIPaBepSg²BIKña BIkarbBa©ÚlkñúgkarsikSa nigBIkarbeRgon dl;TIkEnøgeTotpg. karsnÞnaCamYyGñkdwknaM karGb;rM«Bukmþay nigsmaCikshKmn_ KWCatMrUvkar mYykñúgkarbBa©Úlk¾dUcCakarpþl;nUvsmÖar³FnFansmRsbdl;karsikSa.

3> CMerIs nigkareRbIR)as;viFIsa®sþbeRgonnwgTamTar[mankarKitKUrBicarNaeTAelIkarGb;rM bTBiesaFn_ karbNþúHbNþal nigtMrUvkarrbs;RKUbeRgon. RKUbeRgon k¾KYrEtmankaryl;dwgGMBIxøwmsar Edlman karpøas;bþÚrk¾dUcCaBIkarpøas;bþÚrnanaEdlrMBwgTukfanwgekItmankñúgkaryl;dwg nigGkb,kiriyarbs;RKU beRgon. karcUlrYm nigkarTTYlykrbs;«Bukmþay GñkdwknaMshKmn_ RbéBNI nigsasna mansarsMxan;kñúgkarEkTMrg;skm μPaB nigviFIsa®sþbeRgonedIm,I[eqøIytbeTAnwgkgVl;rbs; shKmn_.

82


sUcnakrsMxan;² ¬sMrab;GanCamYykMNt;sMKal;EN

sþg;daTI4énkarbeRgon nigkarsikSa³ karvaytémøviFIsa®sþsmrmüRtUv)aneRbI edIm,Ivaytémø nigpþl;témødl;lT§plsikSa

naM¦

man . manTMrg;kareRbIR)as;Bt’manenHedIm,IEklMGKuNPaBbeRgon ¬sUmGankMNt;sMKal;

• ksarbBa©b;vKÁsikSaRtUv)anpþl;[tamhñwgEdr¬sUm

• þ)an nigBMumanlkçN³bMP½ydl;Gñk

kMN

• manviFIsa®sþvaytémøbnþbnÞab;xus²Kña edIm,IvaytémøelIkarsikSatamkMLúgeBlc,as;las; nigPaBsmRsbENnaMTI1¦

lT§plGñksikSaRtUv)anTTYlsÁal; ehIyBinÞú b¤ÉGan kMNt;sMKal;ENnaMTI2¦

viFIsa®sþvaytémøRtUv)anBicarNafamanPaByutþiFm’KYr[TukcitsikSa ¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;;ENnaMTI3¦

t;sMKal;ENnaM

1> KYrerobcMeLIgehIyqøúHbBa©aMgnUv³ viFIsa®sþ nigviFankarvaytémød¾manRbsiT§PaB- PaBTak;Tg ¬]TahrN_ etsþ nigkarRblgmanPaBTak;tg nigsmRsbeTAnwgbribTsikSa¦ - Isa®sþvaytémøRtUv)andwgehIyGacRtUv)anGnuvtþkñúgviFI PaBsIuKña¼smRsbKña ¬]TahrN_ viF

RsedogKñakñúg RKb;TIkEnøg b¤edayRKb;RKUbeRgon¦ - karpþl;»kas ¬GñksikSaGvtþmanRtUv)anpþl;»kasvaytémømYyeTot¦ - karkMNt;eBl ¬karvaytémøeFVIeLIgkMLúgeBl nigenAeBlbBa©b;karsikSa¦ - cMnYndg ¬EdlGacTTYl\T§iBlBIeRKaHGasnñ¦ - TIkEnøgsmrmü ¬manTIkEnøg nigbrikçasmrmü kñúgeBleFVIkarvaytémøCapøÚvkar nigEdleFVIeLIg

edaybuKÁlikGb;rMsmRsb¦ nig - PaKIBak;B½n§ nigtmøaPaB ¬lT§plvaytémøRtUv)anEckrMElkCamYyGñksikSa nig«BukmþayeK¦.

83


2> lT§plvaytémø³ kñúgkrNIkmμviFIGb;rMkñúgRbB½n§ karvaytémøKYrRtUv)aneFVIeLIgkñúgviFImYyEdllT§pl GñksikSa niglT§plénkarRblgGacRtUv)anTTYlsÁal;edayGCJaFrGb;rMkñúgRbeTsm©as;pÞH nig¼b¤ RbeTskMenIt. kñúgkrNICnePosxøÜn eKKYrRbwgERbg[mankarTTYlsÁal;BIGCJaFrGb;rMkñúgRbeTs b¤TI kEnøgkMenIt. ÉksarbBa©b;vKÁsikSaGacrYmbBa©ÚlnUv ¬b:uEnþminkMNt;Et¦ salakb½Rt b¤sBaØab½RtbBa©b; karsikSaCaedIm.

3> RkmsIlFm’énkarvaytémø³ karvaytémøKYrRtUv)anbegáIt nigGnuvtþeTAtam RkmsIlFm’. karvay témøKYrRtUv)anKitBicarNafamanPaByutþiFm’ KYr[Tukcitþ ehIyKYreFVIeLIgtamviFImYyEdlminbegáIt bEnßmnUvkarP½yxøac nigkarb:HBal;pøÚvcitþ. eKKYrykcitþTukdak;favaK μankarebotebonpøÚvePT eTAelI GñksikSaedIm,ICafñÚreTAnwgBinÞúl¥ b¤kareLIgfñak;kñúgsalaeron b¤km μviFINamYy.

84

RKUbeRgón nigbuKÁlikGb;rMdéTeTot

4> RKUbeRgon nig buKÁlikGb;rMdéTeTot

esckþIepþIm

RKb;rUbPaBénCMnYymnusSFm’ KwBwgEp¥keTAelICMnaj cMeNHdwg nigkarebþCJacitþrbs;buKÁlik nigGñks μ½RKcitþ EdleFVIkarkñúgsßanPaBlM)ak b¤eBlxøHBMumansnþisuxl¥. karTamTarBIBYkeK GacF¶n;F¶rKYr[kt;sMKal; ehIyedIm,IsMercnUvsþg;daGb,brma vaCakarsMxan;EdleKRtUvTTYl)ankarbNþúHbNþal RKb;RKg nig Binitü tamdanRKb;RKan;. ehIyBYkeK k¾KYrTTYl)annUvsmÖar³caM)ac; karKaMRT nigkarRtYtBinitü ya:g smRsb.

areRCIserIsRKUbeRgon nigbuKÁlikGb;rMRtUvEtmanlkçN³cUlrYm nigmantmøaPaB eTotKYrRtUv)aneRCIs

viFIGb;rM rrbs;

Rkum

ñaCamYyshKmn_ edIm,I Gb;rMdéTeTot RtUvEt

IyEdlkic©snüaenaHEcgeLIgBIsßanPaBmuxgar © nig

muxgarrbs;eKpgEdr. RkmsIlFm’KYrelIkeLIgBIsþg;da Gb,kiriyac,as;las;sMrab;RKUbeRgon nigbuKÁlik pñk

kñúgTIkEnøgmanRKaGasnñ kehIyRtUvGnuvtþtamlkçN³vinicä½yEdl)anerobcMeLIg. RKUbeRgon nigbuKÁlikGb;rMdéTerIsykBIkñúgcMeNamRkummnusSEdlTTYlkarrgeRKaH. TegVIenH eFVI[mankarRc)ac;bBa©ÚlkñúgkmμnUvRbéBNI vb,Fm’ TMenomTMlab; nigbTBiesaFn_ EdleKarBdl;karGnuvtþl¥² RbB½n§CMenO nigtMrUvka

mnusSEdlTTYlkarrgeRKaH.

enAeBlTTYl[eFVIkarehIy RKUbeRgon nigbuKÁlikGb;rMdéTeTot KYreFVIkarrYmKbegáItRkmsIlFm’ RBmTaMgeFVIkarkMNt;lkçx½NÐkargarpgEdr. RKUbeRgon nigbuKÁlikTTYl[eFVIkaredaymankarerobcMkic©snüac,as;las; ehrbs;eK ¬R)ak;Ex b¤R)ak;elIkTwkcitþ cMnYnéf¶ nigem:ageFVIkar sßanPakargar>>>.l.¦ RBmTaMgGMBIParkic

Gb;rM ehIyEdlbBa¢ak;BIlT§plsMrab;buKÁlEdlmineKarBtamsþg;daTaMgenH. karTTYl)annUvkarKaMRTE

85


Gb;rMBIsMNak;RkummnusSEdlrgeRKaHnwgCYydl;dMeNIrkareRCIserIs nigrkSaRKUbeRgon nigbuKÁlikGb;rM vaCYy[«BukmþaymansuqnÞ³kñúgkarbBa¢ÚnkUnBYkKat;[eTAsalaEdr.

Enøgmanvibtþi RKUbeRgon nigbuKÁlikGb;rM k¾dUcbuKÁlepSg²eTotkñúgshKmn_Edr RtUvEtRbQmmuxeTA VIEdleK)anCYbRbTH ehIyRtUvBüayamsßabnaCIvitBYkeKeLIgvij. buKÁlikkm μviFIGb;rMkñúg nigeRkARbB½n§

ehIy

kñúgknwgGsuT§EtRtUvkarkarKaMRTedIm,ItTl;nwgeRKaHGasnñ nigedIm,ICYy[eKGacedaHRsayPaBb:HTgÁwH nigPaBtantwg

ynþknigC

karbNþúHbNþald¾smRsbeTAelIRKUbeRgon nigbuKÁlikGb;rMdéTeTot suT§EtmansarsMxan;sMrab;eCaKC½y énkarGb;rMkñúgRKamanGasnñ. sþg;dabNþúHbNþalRtUv)anelIkeLIgkñúgEpñkkarbeRgon nigkarsikSa. RKU beRgon nigbuKÁlikGb;rM k¾RtUvkarpgEdrnUvkarKaMRTkñúgrUbPaBCakarRtYtBinitü. kñúgfñak; shKmn_ «Buk mþay RbFanPUmi KNkmμkarGb;rMshKmn_ nigm®nþIrdæaPi)alkñúgmUldæan suT§EtRtUvkarkarbNþúHbNþalBI rebobBinitütamdan nigKaMRTdl;kmμviFIGb;rMkñúgTIkEnøgrbs;BYkeK. enAeBlEdlRkummnusSrgeRKaHRtUv)an pþl;GMNac[RKb;RKgeTAelIkm μviFIGb;rMenaH BYkeKGnuvtþsiT§ixøÜnTIBwgxøÜn ehIyeKGacrkeXIjdMeNaHRsay sMrab;bBaðarbs;BYkeK)aneTotpg. karcUlrYmrbs;shKmn_kñúgkarKaMRT nigRtYtBinitübuKÁlikGb;rM vaCYy begáItnUvTMnak;TMngd¾manGtßRbeyaCn_rvagshKmn_ nig RKUbeRgonenAkñúgbrisßansikSaenaH.

eKKYreFVIkartamdan nigvaytémøCaRbcaMeTAelIkarGnuvtþkargarrbs;KN³RKb;RKgsala RKUbeRgon nig buKÁlikGb;rMepSg²eTot edIm,IFana[manKuNPaB nigkarKaMRTCabnþbnÞab;BIsMnak;RkummnusSEdlrgeRKaH. vaCakarsMxan; Edlkartamdan nigvaytémøRtUvmanlkçN³CakarENnaM EtminRtwmEtCakarRKb;RKgEt b:ueNÑaHeT. kartamdan nigkarvaytémøEdlmankarcUlrYm KWCaKnøwHénkarEklMGrkarGnuvtþkargarrbs; RKUbeRgon. karvaytémøkargarRKUbeRgon ¬tamkarEdlGaceFVIeTA)an¦ KYrEtCabTBiesaFn_eron sURtEdlmanlkçN³ viC¢manmYysMrab;RKUbeRgon.


dMeNIrkarénkarbegáIt nigGnuvtþkmμviFIGb;rM KWCaktþasMxan;mYyedIm,IkMNt;nUvRbsiT§PaBénCMnYyEpñk Gb;rMenaH. GtßbTkñúgCMBUkenH KYrRtUv)aneRbIR)as;RsbCamYynwgsþg;daTUeTA edayrYmbBa©ÚlnUvkar

pøÚvcitþEdlekIteLIgedaysaeRKaHmhnþray nigCemøaHepSg².

arKaMRTKYrRtUv)anpþl;[BYkeKmanlT§PaBCYyKñaeTAvijeTAmk k¾dUcCabMBak;[BYkeKnUv]bkrN_ MnajcaM)ac;kñúgkareFVI[RbesIreLIgnUvsuxmalPaBrbs;GñksikSa.

86


cUlrYmcMENkrbs; shKmn_ FnFan mUldæan kar)a:n;sμmø. CaBiess eKKYrEtCMruj[man karcUlrYmCaGtibrimaBIsMNak;RkumCnrgeRKaHedaymhnþray eday ;bBa©ÚltaMgBI RkumCngayTTYlkarrgeRKaHeTotpg edIm,IFana[)annUvPaBRtwmRtUv nig KuNPaBénkar .

andMbUg kareqøIytb karBinitütamdan nig karvay térabCYy

sþg;daGb,brma³ sþg;daTaMgenHmanlkçN³EbbKuNPaB ehIybBa¢ak;kMritGb,brmaEdlnwgsMerckñúg karpþl;CMnYyGb;rM. sUcnakrsMxan;²³ KWCa {sBaØa} Edlbgðajfa etIsþg;daRtUv) aviFI ansMerc b¤eT. sUcnakrTaMgenH pþl;CmYysMrab;vas; nigbgðajplb:HBal; b¤lT§plénkm μviFIRBmTaMgdMeNIrkarb¤viFIsaRsþEdleRbI. sUcnakr TaMgenH GacmanlkçN³EbbKuNPaB b¤brimaN. kMNt;sMKal;ENnaM³ rYmmancMNucCak;lak;edIm,IBicarNaenAeBlGnuvtþsþg;da nigsUcnakrkñúgsßanPaB epSgKña karENnaMGMBIkaredaHRsaykarlM)akCak;Esþg nigdMbUn μanGMBIbBaðaGaTiPaB. kMNt;sMKal;ENnaM GacrYmbBa©ÚlpgEdrnUvbBaðasMxan;²EdlTak;Tgnwgsþg;da nigsUcnakr nigerobrab;GMBICMerIs EdlBi)ak sMerc PaBcMrUgcMras; b¤cenøaHRbehagenAkñúgcMeNHdwgbc©úb,nñ. ]bsm<½n§2 rYmmantarageRCIserIsÉksar eyag EdlbgðajRbPBBt’manGMBIbBaðaTUeTA nigbBaðabec©keTsCak;lak;EdlTak;TgnwgEpñkenH.

87


RKUbeRgon nig buKÁlikGb;rMdéTeTot

sþg;daTI1 karTTYlyk nig kareRCIs

erIsbuKÁlik[eFVIkar

RKb;cMnYnénRKUbeRgon nig buKÁlikGb;rM déTeTotEdlmansmtßPaBsmRsb RtUv)anTTYlyk[eFVIkaredayman lkçN³vinicä½yeRCIserIs ehIyEdlqøúH bBa©aMgBIPaBxusKña nig smFm’.

]bsm<½n§ TI1RkmsIlFm’

sþg;daTI2lkç½NÐkargar

RKUbeRgon nigbuKÁlikGb;rMdéTeTot TTYl)annUvlkç½x½NÐkargarEdlkMNya:gc,as;las;mYy nigEdlGnuela

t; m

eTAtamRkmsIlFm’ ehIyBYkeKk¾RtUv TTYl)annUvkartbsñgRbeyaCn_ya:g smrmüEdr

sþg;daTI3 karKaMRT nig karRtYtBinitü

ynþkarRtYtBinitü nigKaMRTRtUv)an begáItsMrab;RKUbeRgon nigbuKÁlikGb;rM déTeTot ehIyynþkarenHnwgRtUv)an eRbI R)as;CaRbcaM

]bsm<½n§ TI2³ Éksareyag nig esckþIENnaMFnFan EpñkRKUbeRgon nigbuKÁlikGb;rMdéTeTot

88


sUcnakrsMxan;² ¬sMrab;GanCamYy kMNt;sMKal

sþg;daTI1 RKUbeRgon nigbuKÁlikGb;rMdéTeTot³karTTYlyk nigkareRCIserIs buKÁlik[eFVIkar

EdlqøúHbBa©aMgBIPaBxusKña nigsmFm’.

RKb;cMnYnénRKUbeRgon nigbuKÁlikGb;rMdéTeTot EdlmansmtßPaBsmRsbRtUv)anTTYlyk [eFVIkaredaymanlkçN³cUlrYm nigtmøaPaB nigedayEp¥kelIlkçN³ vinicä½yeRCIserIs ehIy

;;;ENnaM¦

témø EdlmantmøaPaBeTAelIsmtßPaBebkçCn nigEdlKitBicarNaeTAelIeynD½r PaBxusKña nigkarTTYl ykBIsmaKmn_ ¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;;ENnaMTI 2-5¦.

RKUbeRgonEdlTTYl[eFVIkar nigcat;taMgtamfñak;mancMnYnRKb;RKan;edIm,IbgáarkMu[manfñak;Edl mancMnYnsisSeRcIneBk ¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;;ENnaMTI 6¦.

• karBN’naBIkargard¾c,as;las; nigsmRsbRtUv)anbegáItmunnwgeFVIkareRCIserIsbuKÁlikfμ I ¬sUmGankMNt;sMKal;ENnaMTI1¦.

• manesckþIENnaMc,as;las;sMrab;GnuvtþkareRCIserIsbuKÁlikf μ I.

• KNkmμkareRCIserIsedayrYmmantMnagshKmn_ eFVIkareRCIserIsRKUbeRgonedayEp¥kelIkarvay

•

kMNt;sMKal;ENnaM

1> karBN’naBIkargar KYrbBa©ÚlnUv ¬kñúgcMeNamsmasPaKdéTeTot¦ tYnaTI nigkarTTYlxusRtUv nigman bNþajraykarN_c,as;las;k¾dUcCaRkmsIlFm’pgEdr.

2> bTBiesaFn_ nig smtßPaBcMenHdwg³ kñúgRKamanGasnñ eKKYreRCIserIsRKUbeRgonEdlmansmtßPaBcM enHdwg EdlTTYl)ankarTTYlsÁal; k¾b:uEnþkñúgsßankarN_xøHeKk¾RtUvEtBicarNapgEdreTAelIGñkEdl K μan b¤manbTBiesaFn_tictYc. kñúgkrNIenH eKTamTar[mankarbNþúHbNþalbEnßmeTot. ebIRKU mansmtßPaB k¾b:uEnþK μanÉksarb¤sBaØab½RtbBa¢ak;eTenaH eKRtUveRCIserIskareFVIetsþCaviFIbBa¢ak;

89


90

smtßPaBebkçCn. RKUbeRgon KYrEtmanGayuTabbMput18qñaM k¾b:uEnþRbsinebIcaM)ac; eKGaceRCIstaMg RKUbeRgonEdlmanGayuticCag18qñaM)an. kñúgsßankarN_xøH vaCakarcaM)ac;kñúgkarTTYlyk RKUbeRgonCa®sþIePT[cUlbMerIkar nigEksMrYllkçN³vinicä½yb¤dMeNIrkareRCIsedIm,IbegáIt[man s rEdlGaceFVIeTA)an.mPaBeynD½rtamka vaCakarcaM)ac;kñúgkarTTYl[bMerIkarnUvRKUbeRgonEdlecHniyayPasakMenItrbs;GñksikSaEdlmkBI RkumPaKtic EdlkMBugeronCaPas sakMenIt TA aCati b:uEnþminEmneronkñúgPa xøÜneT. tamkarEdlGaceFVIe)an nigsmRsb vKÁsikSabnÞa asaRbe l; n;mYyCaPasaCati nig¼b¤CaP Tsm©as;pÞH KYrRtUv)anpþl;dGñksikSa ¬sUmGanpgEdrnUvkarb kMNt;s 7 elITMB½r81¦ eRgon nigkarsikSa sþg;daTI1 MKal;ENnaMTI

3> lkçN³vinicä½y KYrbBa©ÚlnUvcMNucx ageRkam- smtßPaBcMenHdwgkargar³ bTBiesaFn_Gb;rM beRgon b¤citþsa®sþ/ CMnaj/ bTBiesaFn_epSg²eTot

smtßPaBPasaEdlTak;Tg - KuNsm,tþipÞal;xøÜn³ Gayu eynD½r ¬Gñke TAelIlMnwgeynD½r RbsinebIGac eFVIeTA)an¦ RCIserIsKYrepþate

RbPBCnCati nig sasna PaBepSg²BIKña ¬edIm,IFana[manRKb;tMnagBI shKmn_¦ - KuNsm,tþiepSg²eTot³ karTTYlsÁal; nigkarR)aRs½yTak;TgCamYyyshKmn_CaCnEdlmk

BIRkummnusSrgeRKaH.

4> kareRCIserIs³ RKUbeRgon nigbuKÁlikGb;rMdéTeTot KYrRtUv)aneRCIserIsya:gBiessecjBIcMeNamRkum mnusSrgeRKaH b:uEnþRbsinebIcaM)ac;eKk¾GaceRCIserIsBImCÄdæanxageRkApgEdr. RbsinebITItaMgRtUv)an begáItsMrab;CnePosxøÜn b¤RkummnusScakecalTIlMenAkñúgRsuk eKk¾GacTTYlyknUvebkçCnEdlenAkñúg mUldæanenaHpgEdr RbsinebIkarTTYlykenHnwgCYy[manTMnak;TMngl¥rvagKña nigKña. kareRCIserIs KYrRtUv)aneFVIedaymankarRbwkSaeyabl;CamYyshKmn_ shKmn_m©as;pÞH nigGCJaFrmUldæan.

5> karENnaMbBa¢Ún³ kñúgkEnøgmanvibtþi eKKYreFVIkarBinitüelIÉksarENnaMbBa¢ÚnRKUbeRgon nigbuKÁlikGb;rM edIm,IeCosvagkarpþl;kargardl;buKÁlikEdlGaceFVI[b:HBal;dl;GñksikSa b¤GñkEdlBMueKarB ya:geBjeljdl;siT§irbs;eK.

6> sþg;daCak;lak;kñúgmUldæan KYrRtUv)anbegáIteLIgEdlsþIBIcMnYnsisSGtibrmakñúg1fñak; ehIyRtUvRbwg ERbgeRCIsykRKU[RKb;cMnYn edIm,IeCosvagkMu[cMnYnsisSmanKMlatxøaMgeBkBIsþg;daenH. r)aykarN_ tamdanKYrelIkeLIgnUvcMnYnfñak;EdlmansisSeRcInkñúgkMritsikSaepSg²KñaEdr.


sþg;daTI2énRKUbeRgon nigbuKÁlikGb;rMdéTeTot³ lkç½x½NÐkargar RKUbeRgon nig buKÁlikGb;rMdéTeTotTTYl)annUvlkç½x½NÐkargar EdlkMNt;ya:gc,as;las;mYy nigEdlGnuelameTAtamRkmsIlFm’ ehIyBYkeKk¾RtUvTTYl)annUvkartbsñgRbeyaCn_ya:g smrmüEdr.


kic©snüakargar ehIykartbsñgRbeyaCn_ iT§PaBkargar ¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;;ENnaM TI

• sMrYlCamYyGCJaFrGb;rMKNkmμkarGb;rMshKmn_ nig NGOs edIm,IbegáIt tþiFm’mannirnþPaB nigEdlGacTTYl

yk)ansMrab;cMnat;RbePTepSg² nigkMritepSg²énRKUbeRgon nigbuKÁlikGb;rMdéTeTot ¬sUmGan

• shKmn_ehIymanesckþIENnaMGnuvtþc,as;las; ¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;;ENnaMTI 1 nigTI 3¦.

n karrMelaPdl;RkmsIlFm’enaH ¬sUm

aMTI 3-4¦.

• kartbsñgRbeyaCn_ nig lkç½x½NÐkargarRtUv)anbBa¢ak;kñúgRtUv)anpþl;ya:geTogTat; nigGaRs½yeTAelIkMrit nigRbs1-2¦

Pñak;garGnþrCati eFVIkarsMrbnUvyuT§sa®sþsmRsb nigedIm,Iyl;RBmeRbIR)as;kMritR)ak;Exd¾yu

kMNt;sMKal;ENnaMTI 2¦

RkmsIlFm’ niglkç½NÐkargar RtUv)anbegáIteLIgedaymankarcUlrYmBIsMnak;buKÁlikGb;rM nigsmaCik

• RkmsIlFm’RtUv)ancuHhtßelxa nigGnuvtþtamedaybuKÁlikGb;rM ehIyviFankarN_smRsbRtUv)asresreLIg nigeRbIR)as;kñúgkrNImankarRbRBwtþqÁg nig¼b¤manGan kMNt;sMKal;ENn

kMNt;sMKal;ENnaM

1> aCn_ vtþman cMnYnema:g nigéf¶eFVIkar lkç½NÐkargar KYrbBa¢ak;BIkarBN’nakargar kartbsñgRbeyry³eBl kic©snüakarKaMRT nigkarRtYtBinitü RBmTaMgynþkaredaHRsayCemøaH ¬sUmGanpgEdr nUvsþg;daTI1 kMNt;sMKal;ENnaMTI1 xagelI¦.

91


2> kartbsñgRbeyaCn_ GacCarUbiyb½NÑ b¤ GrUbiyb½NÑ ehIyRtUvmanPaBsmRsbeTAelIGVIEdl)an RBmeRBogKñaehIyRtUv)anebIk[ya:geTogTat;. kMritsmRsbénkartbsñgRbeyaCn_KYrRtUv)an kMNt;tamry³karR)aRs½ycUlrYmmYy edIm,IFana[manPaBsMrbsMrYlrvagPñak;garEdlBak;B½n§. vaKYrEteFVIkñúgkMritmYyEdlFana[manPaBKuNPaBviC¢aCIv³ nigkarbnþnUvesvakmμRBmTaMgnirnþPaB. CaBiessvaKYrmancMnYnRKb;RKan;edIm,I[RKUbeRgonmanlT§PaBepþateTAelI kargarGaCIBrbs;xøÜnCa CagkarEdlBYkKat;RtUvEsVgrkRbPBcMNUlbEnßmeTotedIm,IbMeBjtMrUvkarmUldæanrbs;Kat;. vak¾KYrEt manR)ak;bMrugGnuelameTAtamlkç½NÐkargarnigRkmsIlFm’ eKKYrykcitþTukdak;edIm,IeCosvag sßankarN_mYyEdlRKUbeRgonmkBIRbPBepSgKña ¬]TahrN_ GñkkñúgmUldæan nigCnePosxøÜn¦ TTYl)annUvR)ak;]btßmÖkñúgkMritxusKña. PaKIsMxan;² KYrcUlrYmkñúgkarbegáItyuT§sa®sþry³eBlEvg sMrab;RbB½n§tbsñgRbeyaCn_EdlmannirnþPaB. vak¾KYrEtmankarsMrbsMrYl rvagPñak;garGgÁkar shRbCaCati NGOs GCJaFrGb;rM nigGgÁkarepSg² edIm,IkMNt;nUvkMritrYmKñamYyénkartbsñg RbeyaCn_.

3> ;rMehIybBa¢ak;nUv RkmsIlFm’³ KYrelIkeLIgnUvsþg;dac,as;las;EdlniyayBIGkb,kiriyaénbuKÁlikGblT§plsMrab;buKÁlEdlminGnuvtþtamsþg;daenaH. RkumenHKYrRtUv)aneRbIR)as;kñúgbrisßansikSa nig skmμPaB b¤km μviFIGb;rMepSg² ¬sUmGan]bsm<½n§TI1 elITMB½rTI99 EdlniyayBI KMrUénRkmsIlFm’¦. RkmsIlFm’ KYrFanafaRKU nigbuKÁlikGb;rMCMrujbegáItbrisßaneronsURtviC¢man RBmTaMgsuxmalPaBrbs; GñksikSapgEdr. RkmKYrKUsbBa¢ak; ¬kñúgcMeNamcMNucepSg²eTot¦ fabuKÁlikGb;rMRtUv³

- beBa©jGkb,kiriyaCaGaCIBedayrkSasþg;dasIlFm’x<s;RKb;RKgxøÜnÉg RBmTaMgman\riyabf mansIlFm’/ éføfñÚr

- cUlrYmkñúgkarbegáItnUvbrisßanmYyEdlTTYlsÁal;sisSRKb;²Kña - rkSabrisßan suvtßiPaB nig mansuxPaBl¥ minTTYlkarrMelaPebotebon ¬edayrYmTaMgkar ebot

ebonpøÚvePT¦ karKMramkMEhgkarrMelaPbMBan nigGMeBIhwgSa RBmTaMgkarRbkan;erIseGIg. - rkSanUvvtþman nig karmkeronTan;eBlevlaeTogTat; - bgðajKuNPaB GaCIB RBmTaMgRbsiT§PaBénkargar nig - beBa©j\riyabfepSgeTotEdlTTYlsÁal;faCakarsmrmüedayshKmn_ nigPaKIEdlBak;B½n§

dl;karGb;rM

92


4> esckþIENnaMkarGnuvtþRkmsIlFm’³ vaKYrEtmankarbNþúHbNþalsþIBIRkmsIlFm’dl;buKÁlikGb;rM b¤min esckþIENnaMkarGnuvtþRkmsIlFm’³ vaKYrEtmankarbNþúHbNþalsþIBIRkmsIlFm’dl;buKÁlikGb;rM b¤min EmnbuKÁlikGb;rMRKb;rUbEdleFVIkarkñúgkEnøgsikSa. karbNþúHbNþal nigkarKaMRTKYr)anpþl;dl;smaCik énKNkmμkarGb;rMshKmn_ nig GñkRtYtBinitüGb;rM nigGñkRKb;RKgsþIBItYnaTI nigParkic©kñúgkartamdan karGnuvtþRkmsIlFm’enaH. BYkeKk¾KYrRtUv)anCYypgEdrkñúgkarkMNt; nigbBa©ÚlbBaðasMxan;²én RkmsIlFm’eTAkñúgEpnkarskm μPaBrbs;salaeron kmμviFIGb;rMeRkARbB½n§epSgeTot. ynþkar RtYtBinitüKYrbegáItnUvTMrg;karraykarN_ nigtamdan EdlkarBardl;karsMgat;rbs;PaKIEdlmankar Bak;B½n§ ¬sUmGanpgEdrnUvsþg;daTI3 xageRkam¦.

sUc

• rvaytémøtamdan nigKaMRTya:geTogTat;dl;RKUbeRgon nigbuKÁlikGb;rM

• uKÁl

•

naMTI 4¦.

nakrsMxan;² ¬sMrab;GanCamYy kMNt;sMKal;;ENnaM¦

ynþkarRtYtBinitüpþl;nUvka

sþg;daTI3énRKUbeRgon nigbuKÁlikGb;rMdéTeTot³ karKaMRT nigkarRtYtBinitüynþkarRtYtBinitü nig KaMRTRtUv)anbegáItsMrab;RKUbeRgon nigbuKÁlikGb;rMdéTeTotehIyynþkar enH RtUv)aneRbIR)as;CaRbcaMEdr.

déTeTot ¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;ENnaMTI 1-2¦

karvaytémølT§plkargarbuKÁlikRtUv)aneFVIeLIg sresreLIg nigBiPakSaya:geTogTat;CamYybEdlBak;B½n§ ¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;;ENnaMTI3¦

karKaMRT nigkarRbwkSaEpñkcitþsa®sþd¾smRsbRtUv)anpþl;dl;RKUbeRgon nigbuKÁlikGb;rMdéTeTottam karcaM)ac; ¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;EN

kMNt;sMKal;ENnaM

1> ynþkarRtYtBinitü³ RbeTs b¤kEnøgrgeRKaHnimYy² KYrkMNt;nUvsþg;dasMrab;RKUbeRgon nigbuKÁlikGb;rM ehIybegáIt nigGnuvtþynþkarKaMRT nigRtYtBinitümYy. ynþkarenH GacrYmmantMnagBIshKmn_¬eday rYmtaMgBIGñkdwknaMRbéBNI nig sasna¦ GgÁkarsalaeronmUldæandUcCa smaKmmatabita RKUbeRgon GCJaFr mUldæan nayksala nigshCIBRKUbeRgon. ynþkarRtYtBinitü KYrmankarBak;B½n§ya:gCitsñiT§

93


CamYyKNkm μkarGb;rMshKmn_. KNkm μkarKYrbBa©ÚlkñúgesckþIGFib,aykargarrbs;xøÜnnUvkartam danbuKÁlikGb;rMeTAelIEpñkRkmsIlFm’ edayepþateTAelIKuNPaBRbsiT§PaBkargar nigkarRbRBwtþd¾ smrmü ¬sUmGanpgEdrnUvkarcUlrYmshKmn_sþg;daTI1 enATMB½rTI17¦.

2> karbNþúHbNþal³ sUmGankarbeRgon nigkarsikSasþg;daTI2enATMB½rTI82nUvBt’man sþIBIkarbNþúH bNþalbuKÁlik.

3> Gb;rM karvaytémølT§plkargarbuKÁlik KYrbBa©ÚlnUvkarvaytémøeTAelIRbsiT§PaBRKUbeRgon b¤buKÁlikdéTeTot ehIyKYrpþl;nUv»kasRbwkSaeyabl;dl;RKUbeRgon nayksalanigbuKÁlikEdlmankarBak; B½n§epSg²eTot edIm,IkMNt;nUvbBaðanigbegáItskm μPaBbnþbnÞab;eTotEdlRtUvyl;RBmCamYyKña. kñúg eBlsmRsb karvaytémøKYrTTYlsÁal; nigGbGrsaTrdl;sñarédl¥ edIm,IelIkTwkcitþbuKÁlikGb;rM. kartamdan nigkarvaytémøEdlmanlkçN³cUlrYmGacCMrujTwkcitþRKUbeRgon ehIybegáInnUvsmtßPaB rbs;BYkKat;.

4> karKaMRTvibtþi³ eTaHCaRKUbeRgon b¤buKÁlikGb;rMdéTeTotEdlmankarbNþúHbNþal nigbTBiesaFn_k¾ eday k¾BYkeKGacTTYlkarb:HBal;pøÚvcitþedaysarRBwtþikarN_eRKaHGasnñ ehIyGacCYbbBaðaRbQm nig karTTYlxusRtUvdUcGñksikSaEdr ehIylT§PaBedaHRsayvibtþiTaMgenaH k¾GaRs½yeTAnwgkar CYyKaMRTEdlmanEdr. ynþkarKaMRT KYrRtUv)anbegáItkñúgshKmn_edIm,ICYydl;RKUbeRgon nigbuKÁlik Gb;rMdéTeTotedaHRsaysßanPaBmanvibtþi.

94


9

karbeRgon nig karsikSa³ ]bsm<½n§ m<½n§TI 1³ RkmsIlFm’RKUbeRgon

eBlevla RKUbeRgonRtUv³ bRBwtþkñúg\riyabfmYy EdlrkSakitþiys nigPaBéføfñÚrénGaCIB arBarkarsMgat;nUvGVI² EdlR)ab;CasMgat;edaysisSNamñak;

]bs

RKb;• R• k• karBarsisSBIlkçN³EdlrMxan;dl;karsikSa b¤Edlb:HBal;dl;suxPaB nigsuvtßiPaBsisS minekgcMeNjykRbeyaCn_elItYnaTIrbs;xøÜn

CaKMrUl¥ nig es μaHRtg;

ñúgfñak; RKUbeRgonRtUv³ begáItbrisßansikSaviC¢man nig mansuvtßiPaB beRgonkñúg\riyabfmYyEdleKarBdl;PaBéføfñÚr nig siT§irbs;sisSRKb;²rUb.

;xøÜnÉg. rujbegáItnUvkþIsgÇwmx<g;x<s;dl;sisS ehIyCYysisSmñak;²[eRbIsmtßPaBx<s;bMputrbs;eK

•

• kñúgmuxviC¢aEdleKbeRgon

• arbeRgon • minBak;B½n§nwgskmμPaBNaEdlb:HBal;dl;KuNPaBénkarbeRgon.

kasGPivDÆn_kargar nigeRbIviFIsa®sþbeRgonTMenIb nigmankarTTYlsÁal;.

• k

cMeBa• C

•

minebotebonpøÚvePTdl;sisSNamñak; b¤man\riyabfTMnak;TMngpøÚvePTCamYysisS •

•

k•

•

• begáIt[sisSeCOCak;elIxøÜnÉg manTMnukcitþ nig [témødl• CM• CMrujTwkcitþsisS[køayCaGñksikSaskmμ mankarTTYlxusRtUv nigmanRbsiT§PaB.

begáItbriyakaseCOCak;

kñúgCIvitkargarrbs;eK RKUbeRgonRtUv³ bgðajnUvsmtßPaBCamUldæanénviFIsa®sþGb;rM nig

• bgðajnUvkaryl;dwg ¬tamry³karbeRgon¦ BIrebobEdlsisSeron mkeronTan;eBlehIymankarerobcMrYceRsckñúgk

• TajRbeyaCn_BIRKb;»• beRgoneKalkarN_énBlrdæl¥ snþiPaB nigkarTTYlxusRtUvkñúgsgÁm.

MNt;ya:geTogRtg;nUvlT§plkarsikSa niglT§plRblgrbs;sisSmñak;².

HshKmn_ RKUbeRgonRtUv³ MrujTwkcitþ«Bukmþay[KaMRT nigcUlrYmcMEnkkñúgkarsikSarbs;kUn²BYkKat;.

5


• T• K

bEnßm _rbs;brisßansikSaepSg²

TYlsÁal;BIsarsMxan;énTMnak;TMngrvagRKYsar shKmn_ nig salaeron aMRT nig begáItrUbPaBviC¢manénsalaeron.

eTAelIcMNucelIkeLIgxagelI RKUbeRgonRtUveKarBc,ab;vin½y nigeKalkarNeTot¬CMrMu salaeron>>>.l.¦

96

eKalneya)ayGb;rM nig karsMrbsMrYl

5> eKalneya)ayGb;rM

esckþIepþIm c,ab; nig esckþIRbkasGnþrCatielIkeLIgBIsiTi§rbs;buKÁlRKb;²rUb kñúgkarTTYlkarGb;rM EdlbegáItnUvRKwH énkarsßabnasiT§imnusSRKb;rUb. siT§ibeBa©jmtiedayesrI siT§iTTYl)ansmPaB RBmTaMgsiT§imansMelgkñúg karsMerccitþeTAelIeKalneya)aysgÁm nig Gb;rM suT§EtEpñkd¾sMxan;énkarGb;rM

kñúgTIkEnøgmaneRKaHGasnñ vaCakarsMxan;EdlsiT§iTaMgenHRtUv)anKaMBar. CaEpñkmYyénkareqøIytbeTAnwg NaeTAelI

tMrUvkarsikSarbs; bx½NÐenHKYrtMrg;Tiseq<aHeTArkkarEklMGKuNPaBGb;rM nigkarTTYl)ankar

Gb;rM ehIyvaKYrbgðajya:gc,as;las;nUvkarpøas;bþÚrBICMnYyeRKaHGasnñeTArkkarGPivDÆn_. karcUlrYm ar nigGnuvtþGnþraKmn_km μviFI nigeKalneya)ay KWmansar

mμviFIGb;rMRtUv)anGnuvtþeday akarcaM)ac;kñúgkEnøgtaMgTIlMenAshKmn_

antmøaPaB. ynþkarTaMgenHman g

YymnusSFm’Edlpþl;

eRKaHGasnñ GCJaFrGb;rM nigPaKIBak;B½n§sMxan;²KYrbegáIt nigGnuvtþEpnkarGb;rMEdlKitKUrBicareKalneya)ayGb;rMCatinigGnþrCatielIkkMBs;siT§iTTYlkarGb;rM ehIyeqøIytbeTAnwgRkummnusSEdlrgeRKaH. Rk

cMENkrbs;shKmn_kñúgkarerobcMEpnksMxan;dl;eCaK C½yénkareqøIytbeTAnwgRKaGasnñenaH.

kñúgsßankarN_eRKaHGasnñ vaeRcInEtmankgVHxatnUvkarsMrbsMrYlehIykÉkÉgBIPaKIBak;B½n§epSg²eTot. ynþkarsMrbsMrYlGnþrRksYgCRsuk fñak;Cati nigfñak;tMbn; ehIyynþkarenHRtUvmanPaBTUlMTUlay nigmsarsMxan;kñúgkarvaytémøtMrUvkarbegáItviFIsa®sþEdlmansþg;da nigEckrMelknUvFnFan nig Bt’manrvaRKb;Pñak;gar nigPaKIBak;B½n§TaMgGs;. karGb;rMKYrRtUv)ansMrbsMrYlenAkñúgCMnes,ogGaharsuxPaB nigGnþraKmn_elITwk nig Gnam½y.

nig karsMrbsMrYl

97


karpþl;CMnYyEpñkGb;rMedayEp¥keTAelIkarGnuvtþl¥²rYcmkehIyKYrEtRtUv)aneFVIeLIgtbeTA nwgtMrUvkarrbs; akarEsVgyl;BI RKab;mIn

;cMNat;fñak;

RtUv)aneRbIR)as;RsbCamYynwgsþg;daTUeTAedayrYmbBa©ÚlnUvkarcUlrYmcMENk

rbs; shKmn_ FnFanmUldæan kar)a:n;sμandMbUg kareqøIytb karBinitütamdan nigkarvaytémø. Ca BiesseKKYrEtCMruj[mankarcUlrYmCaGtibrimaBIsMnak;RkumCnrgeRKaHedaymhnþray edayrab;bBa©Úl taMgBIRkumCngayTTYlkarrgeRKaHeTotpgedIm,IFana[)annUvPaBRtwmRtUv nig KuNPaBénkarCYy.

shKmn_kñúgbribTCak;lak;éneRKaHGasnñ. CMnajedIm,IPaBrs;ran;nanadUcCayuT§nGnam½y nig HIV/ AIDs KYrRtUv)anpþl;dl;RKb;RkumGayu.

TMnak;TMngCamYynwgsþg;daTUeTAsMrab;RKb

dMeNIrkarénkarbegáIt nigGnuvtþkm μviFIGb;rMKWCaktþasMxan;mYyedIm,IkMNt;nUvRbsiT§PaBénCMnYyEpñkGb;rMenaH. GtßbTkñúgCMBUkenH KYr

sþg;daGb,brma³ sþg;daTaMgenHmanlkçN³EbbKuNPaB ehIybBa¢ak;kMritGb,brmaEdlnwgsMerckñúg karpþl;CMnYyGb;rM. sUcnakrsMxan;²³ KWCa {sBaØa} EdlbgðajfaetIsþg;daRtUv)ansMerc b¤eT. sUcnakrTaMgenH pþl;nUvviFI mYysMrab;vas; nigbgðajplb:HBal;b¤lT§plénkmμviFIRBmTaMgdMeNIrkarb¤viFIsaRsþEdleRbI. sUcnakr TaMgenH GacmanlkçN³EbbKuNPaB b¤brimaN. kMNt;sMKal;ENnaM³ rYmmancMNucCak;lak;edIm,IBicarNaenAeBlGnuvtþsþg;da nigsUcnakrkñúgsßanPaB epSgKña karENnaMGMBIkaredaHRsaykarlM)akCak;Esþg nigdMbUn μanGMBIbBaðaGaTiPaB. kMNt;sMKal;ENnaM GacrYmbBa©ÚlpgEdrnUvbBaðasMxan;²EdlTak;Tgnwgsþg;da nigsUcnakr nigerobrab;GMBICMerIsEdlBi)aksMerc PaBcMrUgcMras; b¤cenøaHRbehagenAkñúgcMeNHdwgbc©úb,nñ. ]bsm<½n§2 rYmmantarageRCIserIsÉksar eyag EdlbgðajRbPBBt’manGMBIbBaðaTUeTA nigbBaðabec©keTsCak;lak;EdlTak;TgnwgEpñkenH.

98


9


9

sþg;daTI1 karbegáIteKalneya)ay nig karGnum½t

GCJaFrGb;rM pþl;GaTiPaBkarcUleron edayesrIdl;buKÁlRKb;rUb RBmTGnum½t eKalneya)ayrs;revIk eCMrujbegáItPaBbBa©ÚlKña nigKuNPaB Gb;rM eyaleTAtambribTeRKaHGasnñ

aMg dIm,I

sþg;daTI2kareFVIEpnkar nig karGnuvtþ

skm μPabGb;rMkñúgRK anGasnñ KitKUr BicarNaeTAelIeKal eya)adaGb;rMCati nigGnþr ti RBmkarsikSarbs;Rkumm sSrge

sþg;daTI3 karsMrbsMrYl

manynþkarsMrbsMrYlmantmøaPaB mYy

Gasnñ anRbsiT§

IEdlBak;B½n§.

amn y nig sþg;

TaMgBItMrUv sMrab;skmμPaBGb;rMkñúgRKamanedayrYmtaMgBIkarEckrMElkd¾mPaBnUvBt’manrvag PaK

Canu RKaH.

]bsm<½n§³ Éksareyag nig esckþIENnaMFnFanEpñkeKalneya)ayGb;rM nig karsMrbsMrYl


sUcnakrsMxan;² ¬sMrab;GanCamYy kMNt;sMKal;;;ENnaM¦

• TaMgkñúgkMLúgeBl nigeRkayeBlmaneRKaHGasnñ c,ab; nigeKalneya)ayGb;rM Rbkan;yksiT§i

sþg;daTI1én eKalneya)ayGb;rM nig karsMrbsMrYl³karbegáIteKalneya)ay nig karGnum½t GCJaFrGb;rMpþl;GaTiPaBkarcUleronedayesrIdl;buKÁlRKb;rUb RBmTaMgGnum½teKalneya)ay rs;revIkedIm,ICMrujbegáItPaBbBa©ÚlKña nigKuNPaBGb;rMeyaleTAtam bribTeRKaHGasnñ

TTYlkarGb;rMEdl)anEcgkñúg]bkrN_pøÚvc,ab; nigesckþIRbkassiT§imnusSGnþrCati ¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;;ENnaM TI1-2¦.

• c,ab; bTbBa¢a nigeKalneya)alkarBarmin[mankarRbkan;erIseGIgkñúgvis½yGb;rMcMeBaHRkumEdlgayrgeRKaH nigRkumEdl)at;bg;RbeyaCn_ ¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;;;ENnaMTI3¦.

• c,ab; bTbBa¢a nigeKalneya)ayRtUv)anGnuvt

þ edIm,IFanafaGñksikSa minRtUvraraMgmin[TTYlkar Gb;rM

reRkArdæa Pi)alenAeBlcaM)ac;ehIyEdlbrikçaTaMgenaHRtUvGnuvtþman nigTTYlGFikarkic©BIGCJaFrGb;rM

• c,ab; bTbBa¢a nigeKalneya)ayRtUv)anEckcaykñúglkçN³mYyEdlyl;dwgedayRKb;PaKIBak;B½n§

• eKalneya)ayCMruj[mankarbegáIt nigeRbIR)as;taragTinñn½yRbB½n§Bt’manRKb;RKgkarGb;rM (EMIS) EdlRtUveRbICa]bkrN_mYysMrab;viPaK nig RbtikmμeTAnwgbMErbMrYlénkarTTYl)an nig kar bBa©b;karGb;rM ¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;;ENnaMTI%¦.

eRBaHEteKmanFnFanBMuRKb;RKan; b¤eRBaHEtRKYsareKeT ¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;;;ENnaMTI4¦

• c,ab; bTbBa¢a nigeKalneya)ayminXaXaMgdl;salasMrab;CnePosxøÜneRbIR)as;kmμviFIsikSarbs; RbeTskMenIt.

• c,ab; bTbBa¢a nigeKalneya)ayGnuBaØatþ[mankarsagsg;begáItbrikçaGb;rMedayPñak;ga

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101

[mankareqøIytbya:g qab;rh½seTAnwgsßankarN_eRKaHGasnñ ¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;;ENnaMTI6¦.

RtUv)anKaMRTedayRkbx½NÐc,ab; nigfvika EdlnaM eKalneya)ayGb;rMCati •

kMNt;sMKal;ENnaM

1> c,ab; nig esckþIRbkassiT§imnusSGnþrCati EdlKYrEtRbkan;yk rYmman ¬b:uEnþminkMNt;Et¦ sn§isBaØa GgÁkarshRbCaCatisþIBIsiT§ikumar léns ¬1(8(¦ esckþIRbkasCasak iT§imnusS ¬1(48¦ ktþikar sBaØaGnþrCatisþIBIsiT§i esdækic© sg BaØasþIBÁm nigvb,Fm’ ¬1(66¦ sn§is IkarlubbM)at;RKb;rUbPaB énkarerIseGIgRbqaMg®sþIePT (197 kug Dakar:9) nig Rkbx½NÐskmμPaBR karGb;rMsMrab;TaMgGs;Kña (2000). c,ab; nig Rkbx½NÐc,ab; k¾bBa©ÚlpgEdrnUvc,ab;GnþrCatiEdlTak;TgeTAnwgkarEfrkSa RkummnusS ¬eday epþateTAelI kumar nig yuvCn¦ kñúgEpñksuxPaBpøÚvcitþ GaharrUbtßmÖ karkMsanþsb,ay vb,Fm’ karbgáar karrMelaPbMBan nigkarGb;rMCMhandMbUgdl;kumarGayueRkam6qñaM>>>.l. ¬sUmGanpgEdrnUv karTTYlyk nigbrisßansikSa sþg;daTI1 kMNt;sMKal;;;ENnaMTI2 enATMB½r57¦.

2> CnePosxøÜn RkummnusSerITIlMenA nig Gñkm©as;pÞH³ RKb;PaKIEdlBak;B½n§ KYrshkarKñaedIm,Its‘Umti[ karGb;rM)aneTAdl;RkummnusSTaMgGs;KñakñúglkçN³smPaB. varYmTaMgBIkarRbkan;yksn§isBaØa qñaM1(%1 EdlTak;TgeTAnwgsßanPaBCnePosxøÜnmaRtaTI22 ¬karGb;rMsaFarN³¦ EdlRbkasfaCn ePosxøÜnman siT§iTTYlkarGb;rMdUcKñanwgRbCaCnFm μta kñúgkMritbzmsikSa. ehIykñúgkMritsikSax<s; eTot eKKYrmanlT§PaBsikSa mankarTTYlsÁal;sBaØab½RtepSg² karbn§Úrbnßy éføQñÜlsala ehIy manlT§PaBTTYlGaharrUbkrN_kñúglkçN³mincaj;GñkEdlmangarCaCnbreTs eT. cMeBaHkarEdl minTTYl)annUvkarkarBarCaBiessNamYyenaH RkummnusSerITIlMenAkñúgRsuk k¾KYrTTYl)annUvsiT§i dUcKñaEdr. dUcKñaEdr Pñak;garKYrkarBardl;siT§iTTYlkarGb;rMrbs;kUnsisSkñúgRbeTs b¤tMbn; EdlTTYl CnePosxøÜn nigkñúgRbeTsEdlrgeRKaHedays®gÁam.

3> Rkum)at;bg;plRbeyaCn_ KWCaRkummnusSkñúgsgÁm b¤shKmn_mYyEdlplRbeyaCn_rbs;BYkeKBMu)an elIkeLIgedayeKalneya)aysñÚlrbs;sgÁm. Rkum)at;bg;plRbeyaCn_RtUv)ankt;sMKal;eday eyaleTAelIlkçN³ sgÁmesdækic© b¤vb,Fm’ dUcCacMNUl nigRTBüFn CnCati b¤BUCsasn_ eynD½r TItaMg PUmisa®sþ sasna lkçN³sBa¢ati karerITIlMenAkñúgRsuk b¤sßanPaBragkay nig pøÚvcitþrbs;buKÁl mñak;. kumarEdlEsVgrksiT§iRCkekan KYreRtkRtGalnwgsiT§iTTYlkarGb;rMeRBaHsn§isBaØasþIBI


102

siT§ikumarGnuvtþ cMeBaHkumarnigek μgCMTg;eRkamGayu 18qñaMRKb;rUbEdlmanvtþmankñúgEdndIrdæ ¬sUmGanpgEdrnUvkar eTAkan; nigbrisßansikSasþg;daTI1 kMNt;sMKal;;ENnaMTI1 enATMB½rTI57¦.

4> karcMNayelIkarGb;rM³ K μansisSNamñak;EdlRtUvbdiesFmin[TTYlkarGb;rMeRBaHEtK μanlT§PaBbg; éføcUleron eTaHkñúgrUbPaBCaR)ak;QñÜl b¤cMNayepSg² dUcCa smÖar³sikSa nig ÉksNæanCaedIm. eKKYrRbwgERbgkat;bnßykarcMnayedayRbeyalkñúgkarsikSadUcCa éfødwkCBa¢Ún nigkar)at;bg;cMNUl edIm,I [kumaryuvCn nigmnusSeBjv½yRKb;rUbGacmkeron)an.

5> Tinñn½y EMIS KYrRtUv)anP¢ab;eTAnwgBt’mansþIBItMbn; nigRkummnusSEdlRbQmnwgRbePTeRKaHGasnñ Cak;lak;NamYy. enHKWCayuT§sa®sþeRtomEdlKYrpþl;Tinñn½yeTAkñúgkareFVIEpnkarGb;rMCati nigmUl dæan. kñúgkEnøgEdlGaceFVIeTA)an Tinñn½yGb;rMKYrRtUv)anRbmUledayshKmn_ehIybBa¢ÚneTARbB½n§ EMIS Cati. GgÁkarEdlKaMRT KYrCYydl;shKmn_kñúgkarkMNt;meFüa)ayEdlGaceFVI[mankarekIt eLIg nUvcMnYnsisScuHeQμaHcUleron mkeron nigbBa©b;karsikSa nigedIm,IedaHRsaypgEdrnUvtMrUvkar rbs;yuvCnEdlmin)aneTAsalaeron. ¬sUmGanpgEdrnUvsþg;daviPaKTI1 enATMB½rTI24 nigTI3 enATMB½rTI30¦.

6> Rkbx½NÐeRKaHGasnñ³ karGb;rM KYrRtUv)anbBa©ÚlkñúgRkbx½NÐÐeRtomTb;Tl;nwgmhnþrayCati ehIy FnFan KYrRtUv)aneRtomTuk edIm,Ipþl;nUvkareqøIytbEpñkGb;rMTan;eBlevla. Pñak;garGnþrCati EdlKaMRT kmμviFIGPivDÆn_ karGb;;rMfñak;Cati nigfñak;mUldæan KYrCMruj[mankareRtomerobcMsMrab; eqøIytbEpñk Gb;rM kñúgeBlmanRKaGasnñ EdlCasmasPaKmYyénkmμviFITaMgenH.


sUc

• R C

• k μ v

• G dæansMrab;eRKaHGa mYyedIm,IEksMrYlCaRbcaMeTAelIEpnkarenaH ¬sUm

• ktn

• kk¬

• μPaBGb;rMRtUv)anbBa©ÚleTAkñúgvis½yCMnYyeRKaHGasnñepSg²eTot


kbx½NÐc,ab; nigeKalneya)ayCati nigGnþrCatiRtUv)anqøúHbBa©aMgkñúgkmμviFIGb;rMrbs;Pñak;garpþl; MnYyse®gÁaH nig GPivDÆn_ ¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;;ENnaMTI1¦

m μviFIGb;rMkñúgRKamanGasnñRtUv)aneFVIEpnkar nigGnuvtþkñúglkçN³mYyEdlnaM[mankarbBa©ÚlkmiFITaMgenaHeTAkñúgkarGPivDÆry³eBlEvgkñúgvis½yGb;rM.

CJaFrGb;rM nigPñak;garsMxan;²epSg²eTotbegáItEpnkarGb;rMfñak;Cati nigfñak;mUl

sþg;daTI2 kareFVIEpnkar nig karGnuvtþskm μPabGb;rMkñúgRKamanGasnñ KitKUr BicarNaeTAelIeKalneya)ay nig sþg;da Gb;rMCati nig GnþrCati RBmTaMgBItMrUvkarsikSarbs;RkummnusSrgeRKaH.

snñnaeBlbc©úb,nñ nigeTAGnaKtehIybegáItRbB½n§Gan kMNt;sMKal;;;ENnaMTI2¦.

ñúgeBl nigeRkayeBlmaneRKaHGasnñRKb;PaKIBak;B½n§TaMg[eFVIkarrYmKñaedIm,IGnuvtþEpnkareqøIy bEpñkGb;rMEdlRtUv)anP¢ab;eTAnwgkarvaytémøtMrUvkarfμ I²bMputnigEdlEp¥keTAelIbTBiesaFn_eKal eya)ayGb;rMmun² nigkarGnuvtþrbs;RkummnusSrgeRKaH.

areqøIytbEpñkGb;rMbBa¢ak;BIFnFanhirBaØvtßú bec©keTs nigFnFanmnusSEdlRtUvkarsMrab;kareFVIEpn ar Gnuvtþ nigBinitütamdand¾manRbsiT§PaBmYy. PaKIBak;B½n§RtUvFana[mannUvFnFanEdlRtUvkar sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;;ENnaMTI3¦.

kareFVIEpnkar nigkarGnuvtþskm¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;;;ENnaMTI4¦.

kMNt;sMKal;ENnaM

1> karsMercsiT§i nigeKalbMngénkarGb;rM³ km μviFIGb;rM KYrpþl;nUvskmμPaBGb;rMbBa©ÚlKñaEdlRsbeTAnwg Rkbx½NÐGnþrCatidUcCasn§isBaØasþIBIsiT§ikumar (1989) karRbkasCasaklénsiT§imnusS (1946) Rkb

103


x½NÐkarGb;rMsMrab;TaMgGs;Kña (2000) nigeKaledAGPivDÆn_shsvtS Millenium Development Goals

(2000) bEnßmeTAelIRkbx½NÐ nigeKalneya)ayEdlmanRsab;rbs;GCJaFrGb;rMEdlBak;B½n§.

2> EpnkarGb;rMCati KYrKUsbBa¢ak;BIskm μPaBEdlRtUveFVIkñúgRKamanGasnñbc©úb,nñ nig naGnaKtEdlsMedA eTAelIkmμviFIPñak;garPaKIBak;B½n§karsMerccitþ nigkarsMrbsMrYlk¾dUcCaktþasnþisuxnigkarkarBar RBm TaMgynþkarsMrbsMrYlGnþrvis½ypgEdr. EpnkarRtUv)anKaMRTedayeKalneya)aynigRkbx½NÐGb;rM smRsb. EpnkarbMrugKYrRtUv)anerobcMeLIgsMrab;vis½yGb;rMEdlTak;TgeTAnwgeRKaHmhnþray Fm μCatiEdlGacekItman ¬]TahrN_ TwkCMnn; karrBa¢ÜydI xül;BüúHkMbutt,Úg¦ ehIyk¾sMrab;karhUr cUlnUvCn ePosxøÜn b¤GñkeFVImatuPUminivtþn_EdlGacb:HBal;dl;RbB½n§Gb;rMfñak;mUldæan b¤fñak;Cati ¬sUmGanpgEdr nUvkarcUlrYmrbs;shKmn_ sþg;daTI1 kMNt;sMKal;ENnaMTI5 enATMB½rTI19 nigsþg; daTI3 xageRkamenH¦.

3> FnFan³ GCJaFrm©as;CMnYy NGOs nigPaKIBak;B½n§epSg²eTotKYrshkarKñaFana[manmUlniFiRKb; RKan;sMrab;CYydl;kmμviFIGb;rMkñúgRKamanGasnñ EdlepþatelIskmμPaBsikSa lMEhkMsanþ nig skmμPaBepSg²eTotEdltak;EtgeLIgedIm,IbMerItMrUvkarcitþsa®sþ. enAeBlRKaGasnñmansßirPaB ehIy»kasén kareFVIkmμviFIGb;rMGacRtUv)anBRgIk edIm,IbBa©ÚlnUvkarGPivDÆn_ekμgminTan;RKb; GayucUl sala kareron fñak;bzmsikSanigmFümsikSakñúgRbB½n§ fñak;GkçrkmμsMrab;mnusSeBjv½y nigkm μviFI viC¢aCIv³epSg² eTot>>>.l. karcat;EcgFnFanKYreFVI[manlMnwgrvagbrikçasikSa ¬dUcCafñak;eron bEnßm esovePABum< nig smÖar³sikSa nig beRgon¦ nigsmasPaKkMNt;KuNPaB ¬dUcCaRKUbeRgon nigvKÁbNþúHbNþalRtYtBinitü.

4> sþg;daGb,brma Sphere ³ karRbwgERbgCaBiessKYrRtUv)aneFVIedIm,IP¢ab;EpnkarnigkarGnuvtþ skmμPaB Gb;rMeTAnwgsþg;daGb,brma Sphere kñúgEpñk³

- Twk karbegáIt[manGanam½y nig PaBs¥at - snþisuxes,óg GaharrUbtßmÖ nigCMnYyes,ógGahar - CMrk kartaMgTIlMenA nigeRKOg]bePaK nig - esvakmμsuxPaB ¬sUmGankarP¢ab;eTAnwg ]bsm<½n§ sþg;da Sphere enAelI MSEE CD-ROM

EdlniyayBIsþg;daEdlTak;TgeTAnwg Sphere

104


sþg;daTI3 karsMrbsMrYl manynþkarsMrbsMrYlmantmøaPaBmYy sMrab;skmμPaBGb;rMkñúgRKamanGasnñeday rYmtaMgBIkarEckrMElkd¾manRbsiT§PaBnUvBt’manrvagPaKIEdlBak;B½n§.


• GCJaFrGb;rMbegáItKNkmμkarsMrbsMrYlGnþrPñak;garsMrab;kareqøIytbeTAnwgeRKaHGasnñnaeBl bc©úb,nñnigeTAGnaKt ehIyEdlKNkm μkarenaHmantYnaTIsMxan;kñúgkar

eFVIEpnkar nigsMrbsMrYl skm μPaBGb;rM

• sMrYl)anKNkmμkarsMrbsMrYl GnþrPñak;garpþl;nUvkarENnaM nig sMrbsMrYldl;skmμPaB nigkmμviFIGb;rM ¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;;

• Sg²eTotbegáItrcnasm<½n§hirBaØvtßú EdlRtUv)ansMrbsMrYlehIy RtUvKaMRTdl;skmμPaBGb;rMrbs;PaKIBak;B½n§ ¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;;ENnaMTI2¦

μsMrab;EckrMElkBt’mankñúgcMeNamvis½yepSg² nigrvagPaKIBak;B½n§

kñúgRKamanGasnñ ¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;;ENnaMTI1¦.

enAeBlEdlGCJaFrGb;rMBMumanvtþman b¤BMuGacdwknaMkarsMrb

ENnaMTI1¦.

GCJaFr m©as;CMnYy nigPñak;garep

• mankarEføgkarN_rYméneKalbMngsMrbsMrYl sUcnakr nigTMrg;karBinitütamdan ehIyPñak;gar Gb;rMTaMgGs;RtUvebþCJaeFVIkareTAtamRkbx½NÐenaH ehIyRtUvpþl;Bt’man nigsßitisMxan;²dl; vis½y saFarN³ ¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;;;ENnaMTI3¦

• shKmn_rgeRKaHRtUv)anpþl;siT§i nigmanlT§PaBcUlrYmkñúgkarsMerccitþEdlb:HBal;dll;BYkeK Ca BiesskñúgkarbegáItGnuvtþ nigtamdaneKalneya)ayb¤kmμviFI.

• manynþkarmantmøaPaB nigskmCatinigGnþrCatisMxan;² ¬sUmGan kMNt;sMKal;;ENnaMTI4¦.

kMNt;sMKal;ENnaM

1> KNkmμkarsMrbsMrYlGnþrPñak;gar³ tMNagkñúgKNkmμkarenHKYrrYmmanPaKIBak;B½n§[)aneRcInehIyebI GaceFVIeTA)anKNkmμkarenHKYrsþitenAeRkamkardwknaMrbs;GCJaFrCati. KNkmμkarsMrbsMrYl

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GacCatMrUv karkñúgfñak;tMbn; fñak;Cati fñak;Rsuk b¤fñak;mUldæanGaRs½yeTAelIlkçN³éneRKaHGasnñ. enAeBlEdlGCJa FrGb;rMBMumansmtßPaBb¤PaBRsbc,ab;eTenaH eKGacRBmeRBogRbKl;kardwknaM[ eTAPñak;garÉeTotk¾b:uEnþtMnagmkBIGCJaFrGb;rM enAEtCasmaCikmYyrbs;KNkmμkarenaH. tamsßan karGnuBaØatþ Parkic©kñúgkarsMrbsMrYlKYrEtepÞrPøam²eTA[GCJaFr smRsb.

2> hirBaØkic©³ mUlniFiRKb;RKan;CatMrUvkarsMrab;karGnuvtþmaneCaKC½ynigTan;eBlevlanUvkmμviFIGb;rM kñúgRKamanGasnñ. eKKYrxMRbwgERbgFana[manviFIsa®sþcat;EcgmUlniFiEdlmantmøaPaBnigEdl mankarsMrbsMrYlCaBiessenAkEnøgEdlR)ak;ExRKUBMumanRKb;RKan; b¤BMumankarpþl;R)ak;Ex[RKUEtmþg. karerobcMRbmUlmUlniFikñúgRKamanGasnñ KYrKitKUrBicarNaeTAelIsßanPaBnigRbéBNITIpSarBlkmμ kñúgmUldæan ehIyKYreCosvagbegáItkmμviFINaEdlBMuGacFananUvnirnþPaB)an.

3> karRbTajRbTg;karsMrbsMrYlsMxan;² KYrRtUv)ankMNt;nigedaHRsaytaMgBItMnak;kaldMbUgéneRKaH Gasnñ edIm,ITTYl)annUvviFIsa®sþGs;cMnaytic EdlnaMeTArkesvakmμGb;rMEdlmannirnþPaBnigman suxdumniykm μkñúgeBlGnaKt. bBaðaGacrYmmankarbNþúHbNþalRKUbeRgon karbBa¢ak;nigkarbg;éfø km μviFIsikSa nigsmasPaKTak;TgepSg²eTot ¬esovePABum<nigsmÖar³CMnYykarbeRgon nigkarsikSa¦ nig karbegáItrcnasm<½n§nigkarTTYlsÁal;karsikSa nig karRblg.

4> sikçasalarYmKñaedIm,IGPivDÆn_eKalneya)ay nigbNþúHbNþal KYrRtUv)anbegáItedaymankarshkar CamYyGCJaFrGb;rM nigPñak;garxageRkAedIm,IFana[manTMnak;TMngl¥ begáItkarshkarnigkartaMgcitþ eTAelITsSn³rYmKñanigBRgwgkarGPivDÆTUeTAénRbB½n§Gb;rM.

106

sþg;dagb,brmasmrab; kargb;rmkñúgrkamangasnñ vibtþiruamér...

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