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8/12/2019 kajian penyelidikan sains sosial

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Lecture : One

Understanding of Research

M Sultana Alam

Sem2, 2013/2014


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What is research ?Different ways of getting informationDifferent categories ofresearch(personal / professional)Social science Research

Characteristic of ResearchObjectives of ResearchWhat make people do research


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Generally, research means, finding out". Forexample, if you want to buy a house, it is

important to find out the necessary informationsuch as the best buy that we can afford; the typeof house we want and mode of payment. We canget the information by reading of housingmagazines, asking friends, meeting housingdevelopers and visiting new housing developingareas.


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Literally,Research is a logical and systematic searchfor new and useful information on a particular

issue.it is an investigation of nding solutions inscientic and systematic way.It is any form of disciplined inquiry that aimsto contribute to a body of knowledge ortheory. It is also a systematic investigation towardsincreasing the sum of knowledge.


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Research

PersonalProfessional


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The subject for whom the research is soughtis very personal in nature.It is more confined to the individual ratherthan othersThe method with which the individual seeksthe information affects the individual inparticular and not others.The method used by the individual to get theinformation is only understood by him or herand it may not understand by others.


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Professional research is a systematicinquires which is reported in a form whichallows the research method and theoutcomes to be accessible to others.

Professional research is usually an ongoingprocess, based on accumulatedunderstandings and the development of

theories.Professional is the formal, systematicapplication of the scientific and disciplineinquires approach to the study of problems.


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Professional research is carried out in abroader and more public context.Personal research is carried out owninterest. Professional research is applicable tomany people. Personal research may notapplicable to others.The outcome of professional research isusually prepared in a report, whichneeds to confirm to be acceptedstandards . Personal research is not requiredto prepare in a report.


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Research is empiricalResearch should be systematicResearch should be validResearch should be reliableResearch originates with a question or aproblem.Research requires a clear goal.

Research follows a specific plan of procedure.


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The main objectives of the research are :1. to discover new facts2. to verify and test the important facts3. to serve the society to solve the social

problem4. to analyze an event, process and

phenomena to indentify cause and effectanalysis


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to get a research degree (Doctor of Philosophy(Ph.D.)) along with its benets like betteremployment, promotion, increment in salary,etc.to get a research degree and then to get ateaching position in a college or university orbecome a scientist in a research institutionto solve the unsolved and challenging problems to get joy of doing some creative work to get recognition curiosity to nd out the unknown facts of aneven


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It is the foundation of knowledge andprovide guidelines for solving problems.It is important in industry and business for

higher gain and productivity and toimprove the quality of products.It leads to the identication andcharacterization of new materials, new

living things, new stars, etcIt helps to nd answers to social problems.They explain social phenomena and seeksolution to social problems.


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Research is important both in scientic and nonscientic elds . In our life new problems, events,

phenomena and processes occur everyday.Practically implementable solutions andsuggestions are required for tack- ling new

problems that arise.Precisely, research assists us tounderstand nature and naturalphenomena .


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to make an inquiry and discover hidden facts

or truth relating human and social problem.to develop new scientific rules , concepts andtheories which would vacillate reliable andvalued study of human behaviorto discover new facts or verify and test oldfacts


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Social science is, in its broadest sense, the studyof society and the manner in which peoplebehave and influence the world around us.

It tells us about the world beyond our immediateexperience, and can help explain how our ownsociety works - from the causes of unemploymentor what helps economic growth, to how and why

people vote, or what makes people happy. Itprovides vital information for governments andpolicymakers, local authorities, non-governmentalorganisations and others.


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Social science research means, finding outnew and necessary information to solve theproblem faced by community. People in the community face variousproblems and questions in their daily life. It helps to discover hidden facts or truths inorder to provide a solution problem facing acommunity.It indentifies the solution and answers thequestions through the applications of thescientific procedures. Therefore, it is an investigation of nding solutions in scientic and systematic way.


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Social science covers a variety of disciplines,ranging from Economics and Psychology to

Linguistics and Social Work, Women Study .


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Social science research affects on peoples lives and livelihood. It might have bothpositive and negative impact.

The conduct of social science researchcarries with it serious and heavyresponsibilities.Therefore, the researcher should be carefulwhen they do research.The researcher should be guided by ethicalstandards in the conduct of research .


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The important ethics that should to follow bythe researcher are:Honesty and AccuracyNot doing harmPrivacy and Self DeterminationResearch should be designed, reviewedand undertaken to ensure integrity andquality


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Researcher must inform fully to respondentsabout the purpose, methods and intended

possible uses of the research, what theirparticipation in the research entails and whatrisks, if any, are involved.The confidentiality of information supplied by

respondents must be respected.

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