DAFTAR ISI

HALAMAN JUDUL............................................................................................................i

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN.................................................................................................ii

KATA PENGANTAR..........................................................................................................iii

ABSTRAK............................................................................................................................v

DAFTAR ISI.........................................................................................................................vii

DAFTAR TABEL................................................................................................................ix

DAFTAR GAMBAR............................................................................................................x

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN........................................................................................................xi

BAB I PENDAHULUAN.....................................................................................................1

1.1 Latar Belakang .......................................................................................................1

1.2 Tujuan Penelitian ...................................................................................................2

1.3 Ruang Lingkup Penelitian .....................................................................................2

1.4 Sistematika Penulisan ............................................................................................3

BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA .........................................................................................4

2.1 Proses Pembuatan Asam Nitrat di PT. Multi Nitrotama Kimia ............................4

2.2 Absorbsi .................................................................................................................6

2.2.1 Pelarut Absorbsi ..........................................................................................6

2.2.2 Kolom Absorbsi ...........................................................................................8

2.2.2.1 Spray Tower .....................................................................................8

2.2.2.2 Bubble Tower ...................................................................................9

2.2.2.3 Packed Tower ..................................................................................9

2.2.2.4 Plate Tower .....................................................................................10

2.3 Sistem Absorbsi di PT Multi Nitrotama Kimia .....................................................11

2.4 Penentuan Garis Kesetimbangan ...........................................................................12

2.5 Penentuan Garis Operasi .......................................................................................13

2.6 Efisiensi Murphree ................................................................................................17

vii

2.7 Hidrogen Peroksida (H2O2) ....................................................................................17

BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN .........................................................................19

3.1 Studi Literatur ........................................................................................................19

3.2 Pengambilan Data ..................................................................................................19

3.3 Perhitungan Efisiensi Absorption Tower dan Masar Tower ................................20

3.3.1 Perhitungan Neraca Massa ..........................................................................20

3.3.2 Pembuatan Garis Kesetimbangan.................................................................20

3.3.3 Pembuatan Garis Operasi.............................................................................20

3.3.4 Perhitungan Jumlah Tahap Ideal..................................................................20

3.3.5 Perhitungan Efisiensi Murphree...................................................................21

3.4 Penambahan Kebutuhan Hidrogen Peroksida (H2O2) ............................................21

3.5 Penyusunan Laporan ..............................................................................................21

BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN.............................................................................24

4.1 Perhitungan Efisiensi Absorption Tower dan Masar Tower .................................24

4.2 Kebutuhan Penambahan Hidrogen Peroksida pada Masar Tower ........................29

BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN...............................................................................31

4.1 Kesimpulan ............................................................................................................31

4.2 Saran ......................................................................................................................32

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ..........................................................................................................xii

LAMPIRAN

viii

DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 2.1 Nilai HETP untuk Berbagai Packing 16

Tabel 4.1 Nilai Efisiensi Murphree NO dan NO2 di Absorption Tower

(Aktual) 27

Tabel 4.2 Nilai Efisiensi Murphree Masar Tower (Aktual) 28

ix

DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 2.1 Spray Tower 8

Gambar 2.2 Bubble Tower 9

Gambar 2.3 Packed Tower 10

Gambar 2.4 Skema Kontak Gas-Cair dalam Menara Pelat 10

Gambar 2.5 Sistem Absorbsi di PT Multi Nitrotama Kimia 11

Gambar 2.6 Kurva Kesetimbangan untuk Absorbsi 13

Gambar 2.7 Skema Neraca Massa Di dalam Absorber untuk Plate Tower15

Gambar 2.8 Skema Neraca Massa Di dalam Absorber untuk Packed Tower16

Gambar 2.9 Skema Penambahan Hidrogen Peroksida (H2O2) 18

Gambar 3.1 Flowchart Metodologi Perhitungan Efisiensi Sistem Absorbsi22

Gambar 3.2 Flowchart Metodologi Penambahan Hidrogen Peroksida 23

Gambar 4.1 Kurva Absorbsi NO di Absorption Tower 24

Gambar 4.2 Kurva Absorbsi NO2 di Absorption Tower 25

Gambar 4.3 Kurva Absorbsi NO di Masar Tower 25

x

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

LAMPIRAN A. DATA PENELITIAN...............................................................................32

A.1 Data Aktual Nitric Acid 2-Plant............................................................................33

A.2 Data Desain Nitric Acid 2-Plant............................................................................36

A.3 Spesifikasi Absorption Tower dan Masar Tower..................................................39

A.4 Material Safety Data Sheet Asam Nitrat...............................................................40

A.5 Material Safety Data Sheet Hidrogen Peroksida...................................................43

LAMPIRAN B. PENGOLAHAN DATA...........................................................................55

B.1 Perhitungan Neraca Massa Menggunakan Data Aktual........................................56

B.2 Perhitungan Garis Kesetimbangan ........................................................................74

B.3 Perhitungan Garis Operasi ....................................................................................76

B.4 Tabel Garis Operasi dan Garis Kesetimbangan ....................................................78

B.5 Perhitungan Jumlah Tahap Pada Masar Tower Secara Teoritis............................83

B.6 Kurva Absorbsi Penentuan Jumlah Tahap Ideal ...................................................84

B.7 Perhitungan Efisiensi Murphree ...........................................................................89

B.8 Perhitungan Kebutuhan Hidrogen Peroksida ........................................................98

LAMPIRAN C. FORM BIMBINGAN...............................................................................100

xi

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

E, Bruce, dkk. 2008. Perry’s Chemical Engineers’ Handbook 8th

Edition. United States of America : The McGraw-Hill Companies,

Inc.

Geankoplis, Christie J. 1978. Transport Processes and Unit Operations

Third Edition. New Jersey : P T R Prentice-Hall, Inc.

Kasper, John M, dkk. 1996. Journal of the Air & Waste Management

Association. United States of America.

Lintang, Ninik. 2010. Buku I Bahan Ajar : Proses Pemisahan dan

Pemurnian. Bandung : Politeknik Negeri Bandung.

Tanpa nama. 2009. Panduan Operating Manual PT. Multi Nitrotama

Kimia. Cikampek : PT. Multi Nitrotama Kimia.

Tanpa nama. Tanpa tahun. Computer Simulation of The NOx Abatement

Process as an Equilibrium-Reaction Model.

Tanpa nama. Tanpa tahun. Hidrogen Peroksida. Tersedia :

http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/hidrogen-peroksida [25 Juli 2013]

Tanpa nama. Tanpa tahun. Technical Bulletin Nitrogen Oxides (NOx)

Abatement With Hydrogen Peroxide. Atlanta : U.S. Peroxide, LLC

Tanpa nama. Tanpa tahun. Technical Bulletin NOx – Eliminate Visual

Emissions During Start Up. Atlanta : U.S. Peroxide, LLC

Treyball, Robert. E. 1981. Mass-Transfers Operation. Singapur :

McGraw Hill Companies, Inc.

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