Bil. 4/2019

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Pekerja Bermotivasi Lonjak Produktiviti

PEKERJA aset terpenting dalam sesebuah organisasi yang berperanan menentukan hala tuju serta matlamat organisasi itu terlaksana dan tercapai.

Apabila seseorang pekerja menyertai sesebuah organisasi, individu itu secara automatik bersetuju taat setia dan menyumbang keringat demi mencapai matlamat organisasi. Oleh itu, pekerja perlu memberi sepenuh komitmen terhadap organisasi, seterusnya meningkatkan produktiviti menerusi tanggungjawab dipikul.

Sempena Hari Pekerja tahun ini yang bertemakan ‘Pekerja Amanah, Aspirasi Negara’, Malaysia perlu beralih daripada pertumbuhan berpacukan input kepada produktiviti, untuk mencapai pertumbuhan ekonomi mampan.Pekerja amanah dan bertanggungjawab akan meningkatkan produktiviti, manakala aspirasi akan dicapai andainya wujud reformasi dalam fikiran dan tindakan yang memberi manfaat kepada negara.

Dalam hal ini, produktiviti dikenal pasti sebagai pengubah strategi penting, terutama apabila berlandaskan Revolusi Industri 4.0 (IR 4.0) - yang mengubah cara kita bekerja, hidup dan berinteraksi antara satu sama lain.

Selain menggalakkan inovasi, usaha meningkatkan produktiviti berada pada senarai teratas agenda kerajaan di tengah-tengah era perubahan pesat dan teknologi yang menimbulkan gangguan. Matlamat kita agar Malaysia menjadi sebuah negara maju, bergantung kepada keupayaan meningkatkan tahap produktiviti pekerja.

Reformasi Berani Sahut Kehendak RakyatPerdana Menteri, Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad, menjelaskan pertumbuhan negara banyak berpacukan input menerusi suntikan modal dan buruh ke dalam ekonomi negara. Jenis pertumbuhan yang meminimumkan kos semakin sukar dikekalkan.

‘ Budaya Inovasi Meransang Kreativiti ’

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Setiap unit input disuntik kepada ekonomi menghasilkan pertumbuhan Keluaran Dalam Negara Kasar (KDNK) yang rendah berbanding sebelum ini. Untuk beralih kepada pertumbuhan berpacukan produktiviti, syarikat perlu melabur dalam bidang pembangunan dan penyelidikan (R&D) untuk meningkatkan inovasi dan mengenal pasti produk serta perkhidmatan yang mempunyai nilai tambah tinggi.

Ada keperluan meningkatkan kemahiran tenaga buruh dan membekalkan mereka dengan pengetahuan serta teknologi terkini. Usaha bersepadu ini penting demi menambah baik prestasi produktiviti buruh untuk menjadi negara maju dan inklusif.

Kita perlu berhijrah daripada amalan konvensional, meletakkan negara pada trajektori pertumbuhan yang pantas, selain meningkatkan pencapaian produktiviti.Tiga lagi bidang keutamaan merangkumi peningkatan kapasiti eksport untuk meluaskan pengantarabangsaan, menambah baik kecekapan pasaran untuk mempromosi persaingan adil dan memudahkan urusan perniagaan bagi mewujudkan iklim perniagaan yang lebih positif.

Usaha ini juga meliputi langkah mempertingkat kesejahteraan hidup rakyat, terutama dalam kalangan isi rumah berpendapatan 40 peratus terendah (B40) dan mencapai pertumbuhan inklusif.Oleh itu, reformasi berani yang menyahut kehendak rakyat adalah penting untuk mencapai visi menjadi negara maju dan inklusif.

Kajian Separuh Penggal Rancangan Malaysia Ke-11 (RMK-11) dengan Keutamaan dan Penekanan Baharu, bertujuan untuk mereformasi dasar sedia ada dan menggariskan sasaran sosioekonomi yang disemak semula bagi tempoh 2018 hingga 2020. Kajian Separuh Penggal ini mengambil kira aspirasi kerajaan, cabaran ekonomi dan trend global semasa.

Usaha akan ditumpu bagi merangsang pertumbuhan ekonomi, di samping memastikan manfaat lebih besar kepada semua lapisan masyarakat. Prinsip tadbir urus yang baik, institusi mantap serta integriti dan akauntabiliti lebih tinggi, akan diperkukuh untuk meliputi seluruh pentadbiran kerajaan bagi mencegah rasuah, ketirisan, penyelewengan dan salah guna kuasa.

Pandangan pengurusan kontemporari mencadangkan bahawa mentaliti pemikiran silo atau tersendiri mesti dipecah agar pekerja kekal bermotivasi dan gembira datang ke tempat kerja.Segala komitmen diberikan terhadap organisasi dapat meningkatkan tadbir urus lebih cemerlang dan seterusnya menjana peningkatan produktiviti. Padanan antara keperibadian dan tugas serta jenis pekerjaan adalah penting bagi menjamin kepuasan dalam menjalankan tugas, meningkatkan motivasi kerja dan pencapaian produktiviti tinggi.

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Berita Harian1 Mei 2019

Bil. 4/2019

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Too Much Screen Time Tied to School Problems Even in Little Kids

CANADIAN guidelines recommend that parents limit screen time to less than one hour a day for children two to four years old and less than two hours daily for older kids.

Kindergarteners who get more than two hours of screen time a day may be more likely to have behaviour and attention problems in school than their classmates who spend less time in front of televisions, smartphones and tablets, a Canadian study suggests.

Doctors urge parents of young kids to limit screen time or avoid it altogether because all of those hours watching videos or gaming have been linked to slowed development of speech and language, fine and gross motor skills, and social and behavioural skills. After all, time spent in front of screens means less time for scribbling with crayons or playing games that help kids learn how to kick a ball or take turns.

In the current study, researchers surveyed parents of more than 2,400 Canadian kids to assess screen time at three and five years. The second assessment also asked about behaviour problems like inattention and aggressiveness as well as issues like sleep difficulties, depression, and anxiety.

Very few five-year-olds had these problems: just 1.2% of kids had so-called "externalising" behaviour problems like aggression or inattention and just 2.5% had "internalising" problems like depression and anxiety.

But compared to kids who got less than a half hour of screen time daily, children who had more than two hours daily had an almost six-fold greater risk of attention problems and an almost eight-fold greater risk of meeting the criteria for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

‘ Budaya Inovasi Meransang Kreativiti ’

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"It is never too early to talk to your child about limiting screen time," senior study author Dr Piush Mandhane of the University of Alberta in Canada said by email.

Canadian guidelines recommend that parents limit screen time to less than one hour a day for children two to four years old and less than two hours daily for older kids, researchers note in Plos One.

At age three, kids in the study exceeded these limits, getting an average of 1.5 hours a day of screen time. They got slightly less – 1.4 hours a day – by age five.

Overall, almost 14% of kids had more than two hours a day of screen time.

It's possible that some kids in the study who already had challenges with behaviour or social skills opted to spend more time in front of screens because they struggled to relate to peers. The study also wasn't a controlled experiment designed to prove whether or how screen time might cause behaviour problems.

Fast-paced digital media can precondition little ones to expect unnatural stimulation, leading to shorter attention spans because real life can seem slow and underwhelming by comparison, said Dr Dimitri Christakis, director of the Centre for Child Health, Behaviour and Development at Seattle Children's Research Institute.

"We also know from decades of research that real, human interaction and play is critical to cognitive and social development," Christakis, who wasn't involved in the study, said by email. "Even if it were 'harmless', the time spent on digital devices displaces these interactions."

The more important thing is reducing tech distractions during meals, when playing solo or together, and before bedtime – and not giving in to every moment of boredom or whining with tech use.

"It's so important for children to learn how to handle big feelings, tolerate boredom, and settle themselves down at night."

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The Star23 May 2019