at indianization

7/18/2019 At Indianization

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/at-indianization 1/13

JABATAN SEJARAH

UNIVERSITI MALAYA KUALA LUMPUR

NAMA : NOOR AINEE BINTI SAMSUDIN

NO MATRIK : AEA070530

NAMA PENSYARAH : EN AZHARUDIN BIN MOHD DALI



SOALAN 4 :

BINCANGKAN PROSES “INDIANIZATION” YANG

BERLAKU DI ASIA TENGGARA DARI ABAD PERTAMA

SEHINGGA ABAD KETIGA TAHUN MASEHI.

2



PENGENALAN

Asia Tena!a "e"#$n%ai e&!a'i %an s(!a(ei) *i "ana Asia Tena!a

"en+$,$n)an La$(an Hin*i *an La$(an Pasi'i)- O.e+ i($/ Asia Tena!a "ena*i #$sa(

#e!sina+an *$a )$asa ,esa! *an *$a ,$a+ #$sa( )e,$*a%aan Asia iai($ 1+ina *an In*ia-

Ha. ini )e!ana/ Asia Tena!a (e!.e(a) *i(ena+ (ena+ an(a!a 1+ina *an In*ia-Aa"a

Hin*$ "e!$#a)an #ena!$+ )eaa"aan %an )$a( *i Asia Tena!a- Pena!$+ In*ia %an

*ia"a.)an *i !an(a$ ini (i*a).a+ *a.a" ,en($) %an "$!ni- Na"$n ,ei($#ena!$+ *a.a"

a"a.an aa"a Hin*$ *ises$ai)an *an *ise.a!as)an *enan )e#e!a%aan *an )e,$*a%aan

(e"#a(an- A"a.an #ena!$+ Hin*$ a)an 4$$* a#a,i.a aa"a *an )e#e!a%aan %an

*a(an *a!i In*ia "e"#$n%ai $ns$! $ns$! %an sa"a *enan )e,$*a%aan *an

)e#e!a%aan (e"#a(an- Ra"ai sa!ana ,e!#en*a#a( ,a+a4a inisia(i' #e!+$,$nan %an

"$n$. an(a!a In*ia *enan Asia Tena!a a*a.a+ $n($) "e"ina")an #ena!$+ In*ia-

3



DEINISI INDIANIZATION

In*iani6a(i&n "e!$#a)an sa($ #!&ses #en%e,a!an aa"a Hin*$ %an "e.i#$(i

)&nse# )&nse# #&.i(i)/ )e,$*a%aan Hin*$ *an #en%e,a!an )es$sas(e!aan Hin*$ %an

a*a )ai(an *enan aa"a se!(a a"a.an a"a.an Hin*$- Da!i sei is(i.a+n%a/ )&nse#

In*iani6a(i&n8 *i#a)ai *enan #ene!(ian %an .$as iai($ #ena.i!an #ena!$+ aa"a/

#&.i(i) *an )e,$*a%aan In*ia-9

Men$!$( $a!(!i.+ ;a.es/ #!&ses In*iani6a(i&n (i*a) "e.i,a()an se,a!an

#enaa+an &!an In*ia )ea(as Asia Tena!a (e(a#i #!&ses In*iani6a(i&n %an ,e!.a)$ *i

Asia Tena!a a*a.a+ sa($ #!&ses )e,$*a%aaan *an aa"a Hin*$ %an ses$ai *enan

)ea*aan (e"#a(an (e.a+ *ise!a# "as$) )e*a.a" )e+i*$#an (e"#a(an %an (e.a+ "ena*i

sa!$ ,en($) (a"a*$n %an ,a!$-2

Men$!$( B!ian Ha!!is&n/ si'a( si'a( ,$*a%a Hin*$ %an "e.i#$(i $ns$! %an

*i*a#a(i *a!i In*ia "e.a.$i as#e) #&.i(i)/ #e!$n*anan/ aa"a/ )esenian/ ,a+asa *an

sas(e!a-Se"en(a!a i($/ 1&e*es $a ,e!#en*a#a( ,a+a4a (ana+ Besa! (e.a+ "e"ain)an

#e!anan %an #en(in *a.a" #en%e,a!an aa"a *an )e,$*a%aan In*ia *i Asia Tena!a-

P!&ses In*ianisasi ini ,e!.a)$ *i se,a,)an #e!.$asan In*ia Se,e.a+ Ti"$!-3 Se.ain i($

(e!*a#a( !a"ai Saa!ana %an ,e!se($$ ,a+a4a #!&ses In*ianisasi *an #ene!a#an ,$*a%a

*i Asia Tena!a a*a.a+ sea!a *a"ai *an a"an-

9 A,*$. Ra+"an A,*$..a+/ Sea!a+ *an Ta"a*$n Asia Tena!a se,e.$" *an ses$*a+ Is.a"-Se.an&! :

U($san P$,.ia(i&n / 2003 +."n 532 N&(a K$.ia+ Sea!a+ Asia Tena!a/ En a6+a!$*in M&+*- Da.i-3 DGE Ha.. A His(&!% &' S&$(+eas( Asia/ L&n*&n/<&$!(+ E*i(i&n= 9>?9 +."n 2>

@



PROSES PENYEBARAN INDIANIZATION DI ASIA TENGGARA-

Te&!i )e*a(anan In*ianisasi )e Asia Tena!a (e!*i!i *a!i#a*a #e.,aai ,en($)-

An(a!an%a/ #e!anan #e*aan In*ia/ #e!#in*a+an #en*$*$) In*ia/ #e!anan &.&nan

,ansa4an *an #en*e(a B!a+"in In*ia/ #e!anan #en*$*$) (e"#a(an/ se!(a (e)n&.&i

#e!)a#a.an %an sana( (ini *i In*ia- Ke!aaan *i In*ia $a "e!$#a)an )e!aan %an

"e"#$n%ai )e"e+i!an %an (ini *an super (e)n&.&i-@ Se.ain i($ #e!)a+4inan $a

"e!$#a)an sa.a+ sa($ #!&ses #en%e,a!an In*ianisasi *i Asia Tena!a-

Pe*aan #e*aan In*ia "e!$#a)an #en%$",an (e!,esa! *a.a" #en%e,a!an

in*ianisasi *i Asia Tena!a- 1&e*es "en%a(a)an *a.a" Les( E(a(s Hin*&$ises

#e!)e",anan )e,$*a%aan In*ia ,e!.a)$ se,aai +asi. *a!i#a*a )eia(an #e!*aanan

In*ia *enan Asia Tena!a sea) 6a"an #!a sea!a+ .ai- Pa!a #e*aan In*ia %an

,e!)$n$n )e Asia Tena!a (e.a+ "en*i!i)an #enen#a(an #ene"#aa(n ,a!$ *i Asia

Tena!a- An(a!a &n(&+ #ene"#a(an "e!e)a ia.a+ *i O C E& *i $nan-5 Pene"#a(an ini

(e.a+ "e"$*a+)an )e*a(anan #$a) #$a) %an .e,i+ (e!#e.aa! se#e!(i sa"i sa"i

B$**+a *an a+.i a+.i #e!s$!a(an $n($) "ene",an)an )e,$*a%aan In*ia *i Asia

Tena!a-Bai #a!a #e.a$( *an #e*aan In*ia/ %an *ia!i ia.a+ e"as *an !e"#a+- Sea)

se,e.$" "ase+i .ai In*ia "e"#e!&.e+ e"as *a!i#a*a a.an *a!a( *i Si,e!ia- Te(a#i

)e!ana +a.anan +a.anan *a!i#a*a &!an Asia Tena+ "en%e,a,)an )e#e!.$an "e!e)a

(e!se)a(- Se.e#as i($ "e!e)a "eni"#&!( #$.a "a(a 4an *a!i R&"/(e(a#i (i*a)

.a"a-Ke(i)a i($.a+ #e*aan In*ia "ne",a!a )e Asia (ena!a-

@ N&(a ($(&!ia. Sea!a+ Asia Tena!a/ En A6+a!$*in ,in M&+* Da.i-5 Ge&!e 1&e*es/ T+e In*iani6e* S(a(es &' S&$(+eas( Asia/ K$a.a L$"#$! : Pene!,i(an Unie!si(i Ma.a%a/

9>? +."n 7 F 9@- I,i*/- +."n 55

5



Pa!a #e*aan *a!i In*ia (e.a+ "ene.a! Asia Tena!a se,aai Se"enan$n

E"as/ S$a!na,+$"i/ *an S$a!na*i#a < *a.a" ,a+asa Sans)!i(= )e!ana Asia Tena!a

)a%a *enan e"as- a)(&! i($ $a.a+ %an "en*&!&n *an "ena.a))an #a!a #e*aan

In*ia ,e!*aan *i Asia Tena!a- 7

Se.e#as #a!a #e*aan In*ia "en*$*$)i #ene"#a(an ,a!$ *an #ene"#a(an .a"a/

#a!a #e*aan (e!$s ,e!a"#$! *enan &!an (e"#a(an "e.a.$i )eia(an #e!*aanan-

Men$!$( N- - K!&"/ #a!a #e*aan In*ia (e.a+ ,e!)a+4in *enan 4ani(a 4ani(a

(e"#a(an- Me.a.$i #e!)a+4inan i($/ "e!e)a (e.a+ "e"#e!)ena.)an )e,$*a%aan In*ia

sea!a *a"ai *an .e",$(- O.e+ i($/ &!an (e"#a(an sea!a s$)a!e.a (e.a+ "en%a",$( ,ai)

)e*a(anan #ena!$+ In*ia *i Asia Tena!a-?

P!&ses #en%e,a!an $a ,e!.a)$ a#a,i.a !a"ai #en*$*$) In*ia ,e!+i!a+ a(a$

,e!#in*a+ )e Asia Tea!a- Ha. ini ,e!.a)$ a)i,a( *a!i#a*a )ea*aan )aa$ ,i.a$ *i In*ia-

O.e+ i($/ &!an In*ia (e.a+ "e.e!i)an *i!i )e Asia Tena!a $n($) "ena!i (e"#a(

)e*ia"an- Ke)aa$an ini ,e!.a)$ *ise,a,)an #ena).$)an )ea" Ka.ina &.e+ Ma+a!aa

Ma$!%a-> Ke)aa$an ini $a (e.a+ "en*&!&n &.&nan ,ansa4an "ena!i

#e!.in*$nan *i Asia Tena!a *an se(e!$sn%a (e.a+ ,e!a%a "en$,$+)an )e!aaan ,a!$-

Me!e)a %an ,e!#in*a+ ini $a (e.a+ ,e!)a+4in *enan 4ani(a a(a$ .e.a)i (e"#a(an *i

Asia Tena!a *an "e",en($) "as%a!a)a( )!a(&n %an ,ei!i )a$)an-Ha. ini *a#a(

"e",$)(i)an ,a+a4a #e!#in*a+an #en*$*$) In*ia i($ )e Asia Tena!a (e.a+

"en%e,a,)an #!&ses #en+in*$an ,e!.a)$- Se(e.a+ "e!e)a ,e!)a+4in "a)a !a"i.a+

#$a) #$a) "e!e)a ($!$( "enan$( aa"a Hin*$-

7 A,*$. Ra+"an A,*$..a+/ Sea!a+ *an Ta"a*$n Asia Tena!a se,e.$" *an ses$*a+ #ena!$+ Is.a"-

Se.an&! : U($san P$,.ia(i&n/ 2003 +."n 5@-? I,i*/-+."n 55> I,i*/-+."n 5



Se.ain *a!i#a*a #e*aan *an &.&nan ,ansa4an In*ia/ #en*$*$) (e"#a(an

$a ($!$( ,e!#e!anan *a.a" #en%e,a!an In*iani6a(i&n *i Asia Tena!a- Pen*$*$)

(e"#a(an $a "en$n$ni #e.,aai )a4asan *i In*ia se,aai #e*aan- T&)&+ a4a.

%an ,an%a) "ene)an)an )e#en(inan #en*$*$) (e"#a(an ini ia.a+ - 1- an Le$!/

4a.a$#$n *a.a" ,en($) (e!,a(as-90 Se.ain i($ &.&nna ,ansa4an *an !aa !aa *i Asia

Tena!a $a (e.a+ "enan$( aa"a Hin*$ *an *ii)(i!a' se,aai &.&nan Ks%a(!ia

%an ,a!$- A#a,i.a !aa *an &.&nan #e"e!in(a+ sen*i!i (e.a+ "enan$( aa"a Hin*$

"a)a/ !a)%a(n%a $a a)an ($!$( "enan$( aa"a Hin*$-Denan )a(a .ain aa"a !aa

$a a*a.a+ aa"a !a)%a(-

99

Te)n&.&i #e!)a#a.an *i In*ia "e!$#a)an sa.a+ sa($ #e!anan #en(in *a.a"

#en%e,a!an In*ianisasi- Te)n&.&i #e!)a#a.an (e.a+ ,e!)e",an *enan .e,i+ #esa( +asi.

*a!i#a*a )e"a$an (e)n&.&i #e!)a#a.an %an (ini/ "a)a #e.a%a! #e.a%a! *a!i In*ia

*a#a( ,e.a%a! *enan $".a+ %an !a"ai *an *a#a( ,e!.a%a! *enan .e,i+ a$+- 92

Kea*aan ini (e.a+ "ena.a))an #e!*aanan ana(a! In*ia *enan Asia Tena!a-

Me!e)a $a "a+i! (en(an a!a+ anina "&ns&&n #a*a "$si" "$si" (e!(en($- Kea*aan

se*e"i)ian a)an "e"$*a+)an "e!e)a *a.a" #e!a.anan )e Asia Tena!a *an #$.an )e

In*ia- 93Misa.n%a #a*a ena" ,$.an #e!(a"a #a*a "$si" anin ,a!a( *a%a/ )a#a. )a#a.

"e!e)a *a#a( ,e.a%a! *enan "$*a+ )e (ena!a- Mana)a.a ena" ,$.an )e"$*iann%a/

iai($ #a*a "$si" anina "&ns&&n (ena!a a*a.a+ se,a.i)n%a-

Da.a" #!&ses In*ianisasi/ #ena!$+ aa"a Hin*$ B$**+a sana( ,esa! *a.a"

)a.anan &.&nan a(asan *an ,a4a+an- Aa!an Hin*$ %an .e,i+ ,e!#ena!$+ ia.a+

90 I,i*/-+."n 5799 Ge&!e 1&ese/&# C a(92 I,i*/- +."n 5@93 I,i*/-+."n 53

7



*a!i#a*a a.i!an !i($a.-9@ Da.a" aa"a Hin*$/ a.i!an !i($a. %an ,e!#ena!$+ ia.a+ *a.a"

,en($) P$!ani) iai($ %an "e"$a *e4a *e4a (!i"a!(i < B!a+"an/ Sia/ is+n$=-

A.i!an !i($a. ini (e.a+ *ia"a.)an &.e+ )e!aaan $nan #a*a a,a* #e!(a"a "ase+i %an

(e.a+ *iasas)an &.e+ se&!an B!a+"in %an *i e.a! )a$n*in%a-95

Ke,$*a%aan *i Asia Tena!a iai($ *a.a" s%s(e" #&.i(i) Asia Tena!a a*a.a+

,e!asas)an )&s"&s- K&s"&s ,e!"a)s$* )e)$asaan !aa %an *i.a",an)an se,aai sa($

.a",in )&s"& %an .e,i+ (ini *enan "an$sia %an ,e!a*a *i ,a4a+

#en$asaann%a-9 K&nse# ini ,e!"$.a *a!i *&)(!in Hin*$ B$**+a (en(an #eni(isan

*e4a < ina!na(i&n= *enan !aa se,aai #i.i+ann%a- Be!"$.a *a!i si($.a+ 4$$*n%a

)&nse# Dea!aa iai($ !aa %an *i ana# se,ai )e($!$nan a(a$ #eni(isan De4a Sia

a(a$ is+n$- Ian%a $a "ena*i in)a!nasi De4a B$**+a Ma+a%ana- Ha. ini (e.a+

"ena*i)an !aa "e"#$n%ai +$,$nan *enan T$+an a(a$ De4a- Ma)a *enan i($/ Raa

*ie.a! se,aai Dea!aa &.e+ !a)%a( *an )e"$*iann%a 4$$* s%s(e" 'e$*a.is"e %an

"e.a+i!)an (aa( se(ia "en,$(a ($.i (e!+a*a# !aa- Raa $a *iana# "e"#$n%ai *a$.a(

*an )esa)(ian- O.e+ i($/ !a)%a( sana( #a($+ *an (aa( (e!+a*a# #e"e!in(a+ !aa 4a.a$#$n

#e!in(a+ a(a$ $n*an $n*an %an *i)ena)an i($ 6a.i" *an (i*a) ,e!#e!i)e"an$siaan-97

Si)a# ini.a+ %an "ena*i asas )e#a*a s%s(e" #ena$nan <#a(!&nase= *i"ana !aa a(a$

,ansa4an "ena*i #ena$n )e#a*a !a)%a( se,aai %an *i na$ni-Se,a!an (en(anan

9@ A,*$. Ra+"an H A,*$..a+/ Sea!a+ *an Ke,$*a%aan Asia Tena!a T!a*isi&na. /S+a+ A.a" : Ka!is"a

P$,.ia(i&n/ 200 +."n 5295

I,i*/-+."n 9>9 N&(a )$.ia+ Sea!a+ Asia Tena!a/ En A6+a!$*in M&+* Da.i-97 I,i*/-+."n 579? I,i*/- +."n 5

9> - P- B!is T+e S%n!e(is"n &' Re.ii&n &n S&$(+eas( Asia AOS 9>>5 +."n 23> C 2@>

?



a)an *iana# se,aai #en*e!+a)a %ana a)an "e",a4a )e"e.a!a(an *an )e,inasaan

)e#aa* !a)%a(- Se"ena) *a!i i($.a+ (e.a+ ,e!"$.an%a s%s(e" )as(a *i Asia Tena!a-

Bai "e"an(a#)an s%s(e" #&.i(i) (e!se,$( "a)a (e!*a#a( s%s(e" #e!$n*anan Hin*$

B$**+a %an ses$ai)an *ena a*a#( !esa" (e"#a(an-

Mas%a!a)a( Asia Tena!a (e.a+ "en$na)an (e)ni) #en%a"#aian sea!a .isan

$n($) "en%a"#ai)an )a!%a "e!e)a- B$)(in%a *a.a" e#i) Ra"a%ana *an Ma+a,!a(a-

Pe"a!$+ In*ia (e.a+ "e"#e!)ena.)an *an "en*a$.a()an ,a+asa Sans)!i( se,aai ,a+asa

!as"i *a.a" in(e.e)($a./ )eaa"aan/ #en(a*,i!an $n*an $n*an &.&nan e.i(-

B$)(in%a is(i.a+ $nan %an *i#a)ai se,aai e.a!an *i!aa %an ,e!"a)s$* !aa

$n$n-;a.a$,aai"ana#$n ,a+asa Sans)!i( +an%a (e!,a(as *a.a" )a.anan Great

Tradition *i )!a(&n sa+aa- ;a.a$#$n ,a+asa ini (e.a+ *i#i.i+ se,aai ,a+asa #en$a#an

sas(e!a in(e.e)/ na"$n ia "e!$#a)an ,a+asa e.i( %an a"a( asin ,ai !a)%a( e.a(a-i)a

*i!$$) *i In*ia sen*i!i ,a+asa Sans)!i( +an%a )e#$n%aan see.in(i! "an$sia sa+aa/ iai($

&.&nan a(asan a(a$ ,ansa4an-9?Se.e#as )e!aaan $nan )a.a+ *i (anan )e!aaan

1+en.a / )e!aaan +en.a (e.a+ "e.an$()an (!a*isi ,$*a%a %an *iasas)an sea) 6a"an

$nan se#e!(i ,a+asa Sans)!i( *an a,a* In*ia se!(a ($.isan #en(a*,i!an-9>

;a.a$,aai"ana#$n *i Asia Tena!a $a (e!*a#a( )esa($an aa"a %an *i)ena.i

se,aai Sin)!e(is"e iai($ #e!sen%a4aan an(a!a aa"a asin *an $a (e"#a(an- 1i!i

Sins)!e(is"e aa"a ini "e"an "e!$#a)an 'en&"ena Asia Tena!a i($ sen*i!i- 20 Ini

,e!"a)s$* )e,$*a%aan In*ia %an a*a )ai(an *enan )e,$*a%aan Asia Tena!a a)an

*ise!a# "a)s$* *an "ena*i )e,$*a%aan se!(a a*a#( !esa" (e"#a(an-

9?

9>

20 I,i*/- +."n 5@-

>



KESIMPULAN-

Kesi"#$.ann%a/ #!&ses In*iani6a(i&n %an ,e!.a)$ sea!a "e.$as (e.a+

"enina.)na )esan %an "en*a.a" )e a(as "as%a!a)a( *an #en(a*,i!an #e"e!in(a+an *i

Asia Tena!a- Ke"as$)an #ena!$+ In*ia *i Asia Tena!a (e.a+ *i,a4a &.e+ #e.,aai

90



&.&nan *an )e,an%a)ann%a a*a.a+ *a!i #e.,aai &.&nan *an )e,an%a)ann%a a*a.a+

*a!i &.&nan e.i( *enan ($$an $n($) "en$)$+)an )$asa "asin "asin *enan

"e",$)a )e!aaan ,a!$ se#e!(i )e!aaan $nan-si'a( #en+in*$an %an sa"a *enan

a"a.an (e"#a(an (e.a+ "e"$*a+)an .ai #en+in*$an *i(e!i"a &.e+ "as%a!a)a(

(e"#a(an-P!&ses In*iani6a(i&n %an ,e!.a)$ sea!a #e!.a+an #e!.a+an (e.a+ ,e!"$.a *a!i

)a.anan &.&nan a(asan *an )e"$*iann%a *i i)$(i *enan &.&nan ,a4a+an- Se.ain

i($/ #!&ses In*ianisasi %an %an ,e!.a)$ sea!a #en%es$aian *an #en%e!a#an se#en$+n%a

(e.a+ "en%e,a,)an #ena!$+ In*ia ,e!(e!$san se+ina )ini-

LAMPIRAN-

99



GAMBAR ANGKOR ;AT SENIBINA DI ZAMAN KERAAAN UNAN-

PETA KERAAAN A;AL UNAN DI ASIA TENGGARA-

BIBLIOGRAI

9-DGE Ha.. A +is(&!% &' S&$(+eas( Asia/L&n*&n <&$!(+ E*i(i&n= 9>?9

2-A,*$. Ra+"an H A,*$..a+/ Sea!a+ *an )e,$*a%aan Asia Tena!a T!a*isi&na./ S+a+

A.a": Ka!is"a P$,.ia(i&n/2000-

92



3-N&(a K$.ia+ Sea!a+ Asia Tena!a/ En a6+a!$*in ,in M&+* Da.i-

@-+((#:JJ444-4i)e#i*ia-&"J)e!aaan '$nan

5-Ge&!e 1&e*es/ T+e In*iani6e* S(a(es &' s&$(+eas( Asia- K$a.a L$"#$! Pene!,i(anUnie!si(i Ma.a%a/ 9>?-

-A,*$. Ra+"an A,*$..a+/ Sea!a+ *an Ta"a*$n Asia Tena!a Se,e.$" *an ses$*a+Pena!$+ Is.a" -Se.an&! : U($san P$,.ia(i&n/2003-

7-- P- B!is T+e s%n!e(is" &! Re.ii&n in S&$(+eas( Asia AOS <9>59=

?- La"#i!an a",a! : +((#:JJ444-.ei*en$n$!-n.J#$nJ$,+("J"an)&! 4a(-+("

93

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http://www.leidenunur.nl/pun/ubhtm/mangkor

at indianization

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