13 privacy n health.ppt compatibility mode copy

7/27/2019 13 Privacy n Health.ppt Compatibility Mode Copy

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Pertemuan 13

Understanding ComputersPrivacy & Health Concerns

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Learning Outcomes

Pada akhir pertemuan ini, diharapkan mahasiswa

akan mampu :

menunjukkan pentingnya privasi informasi

serta kesehatan pengguna komputer

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Outline Materi

System Failure & Backup

Ethics and Society

Information Privacy

Health Concerns of Computer Use

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System Failure

What is a system failure?

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Undervoltagedrop

in electrical supply

Overvoltage orpower surge

significant increase

in electrical power

Noiseunwanted

electrical signal

Caused by aging hardware,Caused by aging hardware,

natural disasters, or electricalnatural disasters, or electrical

power disturbancespower disturbances

Can cause loss of hardware,Can cause loss of hardware,

software, or datasoftware, or data

Prolonged malfunctionProlonged malfunction

of computerof computer


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System Failure

What is a surge protector?

5

Protects computer and

equipment from electrical power

disturbances

Uninterruptible power supply(UPS) is surge protector that

provides power during power loss


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Backing Up The Ultimate

Safeguard

What is a backup?

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Duplicate of file, program, or disk

Full backupFull backup

all files in

computer

Full backupFull backup

all files in

computer

Selective backupSelective backup

select which files

to back up

Selective backupSelective backup

select which files

to back up

ThreeThree--generationgeneration

backupbackup

preserves

three copies of

important files

ThreeThree--generationgeneration

backupbackup

preserves

three copies of

important files

In case of system failure or corrupted files,

restore files by copying to original location


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Internet Security Risks

What is a denial of service attack?

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Computer Emergency

Response Team Coordination

Center (CERT/CC) assistswith DDoS attacks

Hacker uses unsuspecting

computer, called zombie, to

execute attack on other systems

Distributed DoS (DDoS) attack

is more devastating DoS attack

in which multiple computersattack multiple networks

Also called DoS attack


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How do Web browsers provide secure datatransmission?

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Secure siteSecure siteis Web site that uses

encryption to secure data

Digital certificateDigital certificate is notice that

guarantees Web site is legitimate

Many Web browsers

use encryption


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What is a certificate authority (CA)?

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Authorized person

or company that

issues and verifies

digital certificates Users apply for

digital certificate

from CA


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What is Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)?

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Provides encryption of all data that passes between

client and Internet server

Web addresses

beginning withhttps indicate

secure connections


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What are methods for securing e-mailmessages?

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Digital signature

is encrypted

code attached to

e-mail message

to verify identity

of sender

Freeware for

personal, non-

commercial use

Pretty Good

Privacy (PGP)

is popular

e-mail encryption

program


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Ethics and Society

What are computer ethics?

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Information privacyInformation privacy

Intellectual property

rightsrights to which

creators are entitled for

their work

Intellectual property

rightsrights to which

creators are entitled for

their work

Software theftSoftware theft Information accuracyInformation accuracy

Codes of conductCodes of conduct

Unauthorized use of

computers andnetworks

Unauthorized use of

computers andnetworks

Moral guidelines that govern use of computers and information systemsMoral guidelines that govern use of computers and information systems


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Ethics and Society

What is an IT code of conduct?

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Written guideline that helps determine whether

computer action is ethical

Employers can distribute to employeesIT CODE OF CONDUCT


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Information Privacy

What is information privacy?

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Legal for employers to use

monitoring software programs

Difficult to maintain today

because data is stored online

Employee monitoring is using

computers to observe employee

computer use

Right of individuals and

companies to restrict collection

and use of information about them


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Information Privacy

What are some ways to safeguard personal

information?

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Fill in necessary information

on rebate, warranty, and

registration forms

Avoid shopping cluband buyers cards

Install a cookie manager

to filter cookies

Inform merchants that you

do not want them to distribute

your personal information

Limit the amount of information

you provide to Web sites; fill

in only required information

Clear your history file when

you are finished browsing

Set up a free e-mail account;

use this e-mail address for

merchant forms

Turn off file and print sharing

on your Internet connection

Install a personal firewall

Sign up for e-mail

filtering through your

Internet service provider or

use an antispam program,

such as Brightmail

Do not reply to spam

for any reason

Surf the Web anonymously

with a program such asFreedom Web Secure or

through an anonymous

Web site such as

Anonymizer.com


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Information Privacy

What is an electronic profile?

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Data collected when you fill out form on Web

Merchants sell

your electronic

profile Often you can

specify whether

you want

personal

information

distributed


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Information Privacy

What is a cookie?

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Set browser to

accept cookies,

prompt you to

accept cookies,

or disable

cookies

Some Web sites

sell or trade

informationstored in your

cookies

Small file on

your computer

that contains

data about you

User

preferences

Interests

andbrowsing

habits

How

regularly

you visit

Web sites


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Information Privacy

How do cookies work?

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Step 1. When you type Web

address of Web site in your

browser window, browser

program searches your hard

disk for a cookie associated

with Web site.

Step 2. If browser finds a

cookie, it sends information in

cookie file to Web site.

Step 3. If Web site does not receive

cookie information, and is expecting it,

Web site creates an identification number

for you in its database and sends thatnumber to your browser. Browser in turn

creates a cookie file based on that number

and stores cookie file on your hard disk.

Web site now can update information in

cookie files whenever you access the site.

Web server for

www.company.com
http://www.company.com/http://www.company.com/


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Information Privacy

What is a cookie manager?

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Software program that selectively

blocks cookies


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Information Privacy

What are spyware and spam?

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Spyware is program

placed on computer

without users

knowledge Secretly collects

information about user Spam is unsolicited

e-mail message sent

to many recipients


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Information Privacy

How can you control spam?

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Collects spam in

central locationthat you can

view any time

Service that

blocks e-mail

messages fromdesignated

sources

EE--mail filteringmail filtering

Sometimes

removes valid

e-mail messages

Attempts to

remove spam

AntiAnti--spam programspam program


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Information Privacy

What privacy laws have been enacted?

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Information Privacy

What privacy laws have been enacted?(contd)

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Information Privacy

What is content filtering?

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Process of restricting access to certain material

Internet Content Rating

Association (ICRA)

provides rating systemof Web content

Web filtering software

restricts access to

specified sites


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ea oncerns o ompu er

Use

What are some health concerns ofcomputer use?

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Computer vision syndromeComputer vision syndrome

(CVS)(CVS)eye and visioneye and vision

problemsproblems

Computer vision syndromeComputer vision syndrome

(CVS)(CVS)eye and visioneye and vision

problemsproblems

Repetitive strain injury (RSI)Repetitive strain injury (RSI)Repetitive strain injury (RSI)Repetitive strain injury (RSI)

Computer addictionComputer addictionwhenwhen

computer consumes entirecomputer consumes entire

social lifesocial life

Computer addictionComputer addictionwhenwhen

computer consumes entirecomputer consumes entire

social lifesocial life

TendonitisTendonitisinflammation ofinflammation of

tendon due to repeated motiontendon due to repeated motion

TendonitisTendonitisinflammation ofinflammation of

tendon due to repeated motiontendon due to repeated motion

Carpal tunnel syndromeCarpal tunnel syndrome(CTS)(CTS)inflammation of nerveinflammation of nerve

that connects forearm to palmthat connects forearm to palm

Carpal tunnel syndromeCarpal tunnel syndrome(CTS)(CTS)inflammation of nerveinflammation of nerve

that connects forearm to palmthat connects forearm to palm


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Use

What precautions can prevent tendonitis orcarpal tunnel syndrome?

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Take frequent breaks during computer session

Use wrist rest

Exercise handsand arms

Minimize number

of times you switch

between mouse and

keyboard


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Use

How can you easeeyestrain whenworking at the

computer?

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Use

What is ergonomics?

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Applied science devoted to comfort, efficiency, and

safety in workplace

keyboard

height: 23

to 28

feet flat on floor

adjustable

height chair

with 5 legs

for stability

adjustable

seat

adjustable

backrest

elbows at 90

and arms and

hands parallel

to floor


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Use

What is green computing?

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Reducing electricity and environmental waste while

using computer


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Source : Shelly, Gary B. DiscoveringComputers (2004/2005/2006). Thomson

Course Technology. PPT for Chapter 11.

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