sistem informasi pembuatan rute pengangkutan … · 2. sahabat – sahabatku dari karang taruna...
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SISTEM INFORMASI PEMBUATAN RUTE PENGANGKUTAN SAMPAH
KOTA SURAKARTA BERBASIS WEB MENGGUNAKAN METODE
PIGEONHOLE
Tugas Akhir
Disusun untuk memenuhi salah satu syarat dalam memperoleh gelar
Ahli Madya pada Program Studi Diploma III Teknik Informatika
Universitas Sebelas Maret
Disusun Oleh :
ZULFIKAR AHMAD FADHOLI
NIM M3115150
PROGRAM DIPLOMA III TEKNIK INFORMATIKA
FAKULTAS MATEMATIKA DAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM
UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET SURAKARTA
2018
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HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN
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HALAMAN PENGESAHAN
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HALAMAN PERNYATAAN
Dengan ini saya menyatakan bahwa dalam Laporan Tugas Akhir ini tidak terdapat
karya yang pernah diajukan untuk memperoleh gelar kesarjanaan disuatu Perguruan
Tinggi, dan sepanjang pengetahuan saya juga tidak pernah terdapat karya pendapat
yang pernah ditulis atau diterbitkan oleh orang lain, kecuali secara tertulis diacu
dalam naskah ini dan disebutkan dalam daftar pustaka.
Surakarta, 29 November 2018
Zulfikar Ahmad Fadholi
M3115150
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MOTTO
“Challenges are always there in your life. Be strong and brave . Behind the
difficulties there are easiness. Problem make someone more skillfull and
experienced.”
(Sri Nur Hasanti)
“Hiduplah seperti matahari yang cerah”
(Zulfikar Ahmad Fadholi)
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HALAMAN PERSEMBAHAN
1. Ayah ibunda serta keluarga yang selalu memberikan semangat dan motivasi
untuk menyelesaikan pendidikan.
2. Sahabat – sahabatku dari Karang Taruna Bhakti Pertiwi Manjung Kulon yang
memberikan hiburan, semangat, dan doa selama ini.
3. Sahabat – Sahabat SKI FMIPA UNS yang memberikan inspirasi dan semangat.
4. Sahabat – sahabatku Shidiq Arif S, Syahrul Munir, Yoko Setiyo dan Wisnu
Maulana Primadita yang telah memberikan motivasi dan semangat dalam
menyelesaikan Tugas Akhir ini.
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KATA PENGANTAR
Puji syukur penulis panjatkan kehadirat Allah SWT atas limpahan rahmatNya,
sehingga penyusunan Laporan Tugas Akhir dengan judul “Sistem Informasi
Pembuatan Rute Pengangkutan Sampah Kota Surakarta Berbasis Web
Menggunakan Metode Pigeonhole” ini dapat diselesaikan pada waktunya tanpa
halangan yang berarti.
Penyusunan laporan ini bertujuan untuk memenuhi persyaratan untuk
memperoleh gelar ahli madya pada Program Diploma III Teknik Informatika
Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Sebelas Maret
Surakarta.
Dalam penyusunan Laporan Tugas Akhir ini penulis mendapatkan bantuan
dan dukungan dari berbagai pihak. Oleh sebab itu pada kesempatan ini, penulis
mengucapkan terimakasih terutama kepada :
1. Bapak Abdul Aziz, S.Kom, M.Cs. selaku Ketua Program Studi Diploma III
Teknik Informatika Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam
Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta.
2. Bapak Agus Purbayu, S.Si, M.Kom. selaku Dosen Pembimbing Tugas Akhir
(TA) yang telah memberikan bimbingan, pengarahan, saran serta dukungan
selama penyusunan Laporan Kegiatan Magang Mahasiswa ini.
3. Para dosen Program Studi Diploma III Teknik Informatika Universitas
Sebelas Maret yang telah memberikan bekal ilmu kepada penulis
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Semoga Allah SWT memberikan balasan yang lebih baik kepada pihak-pihak
yang telah memberikan bantuan dan dukungan dari awal sampai penyusunan
Laporan Tugas Akhir ini selesai. Semoga dengan selesainya penyusunan Laporan
Tugas Akhir ini dapat memberikan manfaat dan kebaikan pada penulis dan
pembaca sekalian.
Surakarta, 29 November 2018
Penulis
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DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN JUDUL ................................................................................................ i
HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN ................................................................................ ii
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ................................................................................ iii
HALAMAN PERNYATAAN ............................................................................... iv
MOTTO .................................................................................................................. v
HALAMAN PERSEMBAHAN ............................................................................ vi
KATA PENGANTAR .......................................................................................... vii
DAFTAR ISI .......................................................................................................... ix
DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................. xii
DAFTAR GAMBAR ........................................................................................... xiii
INTISARI .............................................................................................................. xv
ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................... xvi
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ....................................................................................... 1
1.1. Latar Belakang ............................................................................................. 1
1.2. Rumusan Masalah ........................................................................................ 2
1.3. Tujuan Penelitian .......................................................................................... 2
1.4. Manfaat Penelitian ........................................................................................ 2
1.5. Batasan Masalah ........................................................................................... 2
1.6. Metodologi Penelitian .................................................................................. 3
1.7. Sistematika Penulisan ................................................................................... 4
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA DAN LANDASAN TEORI ............................... 6
2.1. Tinjauan Pustaka .......................................................................................... 6
2.2. Landasan Teori ............................................................................................. 8
2.2.1 Pigeon Hole............................................................................................. 8
2.2.2 Sistem Informasi ................................................................................... 10
2.2.3 Use Case ............................................................................................... 12
2.2.4 Database .............................................................................................. 13
2.2.5 Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) ..................................................... 14
2.2.6 Activity Diagram ................................................................................... 16
2.2.7 Class Diagram....................................................................................... 17
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2.2.8 Squence Diagram .................................................................................. 20
2.2.13 Pengujian Black Box ........................................................................... 23
BAB III ANALISIS DAN RANCANGAN SISTEM .......................................... 25
3.1 Gambaran Umum Sistem ............................................................................ 25
3.2 Proses Bisnis Aplikasi ................................................................................. 25
3.3. Flowchart Sistem ....................................................................................... 26
3.4 Alat dan Bahan ............................................................................................ 27
3.4.1 Alat........................................................................................................ 27
3.4.2 Bahan .................................................................................................... 27
3.5 Analisa Kebutuhan Sistem .......................................................................... 28
3.5.1 Kebutuhan Fungsional .......................................................................... 28
3.5.2 Kebutugan Non-fungsional ................................................................... 28
3.6 Perancangan Sistem ..................................................................................... 29
3.6.1. Usecase Diagram ................................................................................. 29
3.6.2. Activity Diagram .................................................................................. 30
3.6.3. Entity Relationship Diagram ................................................................ 46
3.6.4. Relasi Antar Tabel ............................................................................... 48
3.6.5. Desain Tabel Fisik ............................................................................... 48
3.6.6. Class Diagram...................................................................................... 52
3.6.7. Squence Diagram ................................................................................. 52
3.6.8. Perancangan User Interface ................................................................. 70
BAB IV IMPLEMENTASI DAN PENGUJIAN .................................................. 82
4.1. Implementasi .............................................................................................. 82
4.1.1. Tampilan Login.................................................................................... 82
4.1.2. Tampilan dashboard ............................................................................ 82
4.1.3. Tampilan Sopir .................................................................................... 83
4.1.4. Tampilan Truk ..................................................................................... 85
4.1.5. Tampilan lokasi.................................................................................... 87
4.1.6. Tampilan jarak antar TPS .................................................................... 89
4.1.7. Tampilan Rute...................................................................................... 91
4.2. Pengujian .................................................................................................... 92
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ................................................................ 96
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5.1. Kesimpulan ................................................................................................. 96
5.2. Saran ........................................................................................................... 96
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ........................................................................................... 97
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DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2. 1 Perbandingan Tinjauan Pustaka ............................................................. 6
Tabel 2. 2 ERD ...................................................................................................... 15
Tabel 2. 3 Simbol Relasi ERD .............................................................................. 15
Tabel 2. 4 Simbol Activity Diagram ...................................................................... 16
Tabel 2. 5 Simbol Class Diagram ......................................................................... 18
Tabel 2. 6 Simbol Squence Diagram ..................................................................... 21
Tabel 3. 1 Kebutuhan fungsional .......................................................................... 28
Tabel 3. 2 Tabel sopir............................................................................................ 48
Tabel 3. 3 Tabel truk ............................................................................................. 49
Tabel 3. 4 Tabel lokasi .......................................................................................... 49
Tabel 3. 5 Tabel jarak_antar_tps ........................................................................... 50
Tabel 3. 6 Tabel rute ............................................................................................. 50
Tabel 3. 7 Tabel detail_rute .................................................................................. 51
Tabel 3. 8 Tabel tipe lokasi ................................................................................... 51
Tabel 3. 9 Tabel user ............................................................................................. 51
Tabel 4. 1 Pengujian sistem .................................................................................. 92
Tabel 4. 2 Pengujian Akurasi ................................................................................ 95
Tabel lampiran 1. Data Lokasi Kota Surakarta ..................................................... 99
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 3. 1 Proses bisnis ..................................................................................... 25
Gambar 3. 2 Flowchart Sistem ............................................................................. 26
Gambar 3. 3 Usecase Sistem ................................................................................. 29
Gambar 3. 4 Activity diagram menampilkan sopir ................................................ 30
Gambar 3. 5 Activity diagram menginputkan data sopir ....................................... 31
Gambar 3. 6 Activity diagram mengubah data sopir ............................................. 32
Gambar 3. 7 Activity diagram menghapus data sopir ............................................ 33
Gambar 3. 8 Activity Menampilkan data truk ....................................................... 34
Gambar 3. 9 Activity Menginput data truk ............................................................ 35
Gambar 3. 10 Activity Mengubah data truk .......................................................... 36
Gambar 3. 11 Activity Menghapus data truk ......................................................... 37
Gambar 3. 12 Activity Menampilkan data lokasi .................................................. 38
Gambar 3. 13 Activity Menginputkan data lokasi ................................................. 39
Gambar 3. 14 Activity mengubah data lokasi ........................................................ 40
Gambar 3. 15 Activity Menghapus data lokasi ...................................................... 41
Gambar 3. 16 Activity Menampilkan data jarak antar lokasi ................................ 42
Gambar 3. 17 Activity menginput data jarak antar lokasi ..................................... 43
Gambar 3. 18 Activity mengubah data jarak antar lokasi ...................................... 44
Gambar 3. 19 Activity menghapus data jarak antar lokasi .................................... 45
Gambar 3. 20 Activity generete rute ...................................................................... 46
Gambar 3. 21 ERD sistem ..................................................................................... 47
Gambar 3. 22 Relasi antar tabel ............................................................................ 48
Gambar 3. 23 Class Diagram Sistem .................................................................... 52
Gambar 3. 24 Sequence menampilkan data sopir ................................................. 53
Gambar 3. 25 Sequence menampilkan data truk ................................................... 54
Gambar 3. 26 Sequence menampilkan data lokasi ................................................ 55
Gambar 3. 27 Sequence menampilkan data jarak antar tps ................................... 56
Gambar 3. 28 Sequence menginputkan data sopir ................................................ 57
Gambar 3. 29 Sequence menginputkan data truk .................................................. 58
Gambar 3. 30 Sequence menginputkan data lokasi ............................................... 59
Gambar 3. 31 Sequence menginputkan data jarak antar tps ................................. 60
Gambar 3. 32 Sequence mengubah data sopir ...................................................... 61
Gambar 3. 33 Sequence mengubah data truk ........................................................ 62
Gambar 3. 34 Sequence mengubah data lokasi ..................................................... 63
Gambar 3. 35 Sequence mengubah data jarak antar tps ........................................ 64
Gambar 3. 36 Sequence menghapus data sopir ..................................................... 65
Gambar 3. 37 Sequence menghapus data truk ...................................................... 66
Gambar 3. 38 Sequence menghapus data lokasi ................................................... 67
Gambar 3. 39 Sequence menghapus data jarak antar tps ...................................... 68
Gambar 3. 40 Sequence generete rute ................................................................... 69
Gambar 3. 41 Tampilan login ............................................................................... 70
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Gambar 3. 42 Tampilan dashboard ...................................................................... 71
Gambar 3. 43 Tampilan sopir list .......................................................................... 72
Gambar 3. 44 Tampilan sopir form ....................................................................... 73
Gambar 3. 45 Tampilan truk list ........................................................................... 74
Gambar 3. 46 Tampilan truk form......................................................................... 75
Gambar 3. 47 Tampilan lokasi list ........................................................................ 76
Gambar 3. 48 Tampilan lokasi form ..................................................................... 77
Gambar 3. 49 Tampilan jarak antar tps list ........................................................... 78
Gambar 3. 50 Tampilan jarak antar tps form ........................................................ 79
Gambar 3. 51 Tampilan generete rute form .......................................................... 80
Gambar 3. 52 Hasil generete rute ......................................................................... 81
Gambar 4. 1 Tampilan login ................................................................................. 82
Gambar 4. 2 Tampilan dashboard ......................................................................... 82
Gambar 4. 3 Tampilan sopir.................................................................................. 84
Gambar 4. 4 Tampilan truk ................................................................................... 85
Gambar 4. 5 Tampilan lokasi ................................................................................ 87
Gambar 4. 6 Tampilan jarak antar tps ................................................................... 89
Gambar 4. 7 Tampilan rute form .......................................................................... 91
Gambar 4. 8 Tampilan hasil generete rute ............................................................ 92
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INTISARI
Kebersihan lingkungan merupakan topik yang hangat dan sering
dikemukakan menjadi pemberitahuan utama. Menumpuknya sampah yang terjadi
di kota – kota besar sering kali menjadi masalah yang menganggu kenyamanan.
Dalam pelaksanaannya pengangkutan sampah kota Surakarta, sampah sering
menumpuk di tempat pembuangan sampah sementara (TPS) salah satu penyebab
adalah kurangnya armada truk dan tidak tepatnya jalur yang dilewati truk. Jalur truk
biasanya hanya dipilih berdasarkan perkiraan manusia tanpa memikirkan
banyaknya TPS dan jarak tiap TPS sehingga terjadi masalah pada waktu
pengambilan sampah yang lebih lama. Solusi yang dapat diberikan untuk masalah
tersebut adalah dibuatnya sistem informasi pembuatan rute pengangkutan sampah
untuk menentukan rute yang akan digunakan oleh sopir armada truk sampah.
Sistem informasi pembuatan rute pengangkutan sampah dibangun
menggunakan bahasa pemrograman php dengan framework codeigniter, CSS,
Javascript dan database manajemen MYSQL, serta menggunakan metode
pigeonhole.
Pembuatan sistem informasi pembuatan rute pengangkutan sampah
diharapkan dapat mengatasi masalah pengambilan sampah dengan memberikan
rute yang harus ditempuh sesuai dengan kebutuhan.
Kata kunci : sistem informasi, pengakutan sampah, pigeonhole
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ABSTRACT
Environmental cleanliness is a hot topic and is often put forward as the main notice.
The accumulation of garbage that occurs in big cities is often a problem that disturbs
comfort. In carrying out the transportation of waste in the city of Surakarta, rubbish
often accumulates in temporary waste disposal sites (TPS). One reason is the lack
of a fleet of trucks and the inaccurate line that the truck passes. Truck lanes are
usually only selected based on human estimates without thinking about the number
of TPS and the distance of each TPS so that problems occur during longer garbage
collection. The solution that can be given to this problem is the making of an
information system for making garbage transportation routes to determine the route
that will be used by the garbage truck fleet driver.
The information system for making garbage transport routes was built using the php
programming language with the framework codeiter, CSS, JavaScript and MYSQL
management database, and using the pigeonhole method.
The making of an information system for making waste transportation routes is
expected to be able to overcome the problem of garbage collection by providing a
route that must be taken as needed.
Keywords: information system, waste management, pigeonhole