sakari_pulakka_ecolcc

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akari Pulakka: EcoLCC 7.6.2006

niversity of Oulu, Waste minimization and

esources use optimization course 1

o

The Eco-LCC model presented is based on results innetworking projects, most important of which LCC for buildingtrade (www.LCC-bygg.com) and LIFETIME(www.ril.fi/Resource.phx/tietop/lifetime.htx) as well as workingin ISO (15686-5) and CEN (TC348) - standardisation expertgroups and developing so many kind of LC-tools.

Life-Cycle Valueing is a tool for value-managing of facility-based humanterms, quality, culture and economy.

Life-cycle valueing will be utilized by different kind oforganisations in building and facility trades when comparingconcurrent technical solutions with each other and makingcost-effectiviness, profit and cash flow analysises.

3.4.2006 2

Network State Web-adress Contactperson in Finland GoalsISO 15686-5 Has been

approved as

DIS

www.iso.org/iso [email protected]&

Pekka.Vuorinen@rakennus

teollisuus.fi

Has as expert-work developed

a standard draft called Whole

Life Costing

LCC for

building trade

Finished

12/2004

www.

[email protected] Has developed a Nordic LCC

model included also in

ISO15686-5

REM Finished

12/2004

www.

rakennusteollisuusrt.fiArto.Suikka@rakennusteoll

isuus.fi

Has collected LC-based

criterias for build up and

building designLifePlan Finished

6/2004

www.pim.vtt.fi/

lifeplan/[email protected] Has collected LC-

information of building

productsEcoCost Ongoing www.ymparisto.fi/defau

lt.asp?contentid=64193

&lan=FI

[email protected] Developes a LC-model and a

collection of eco-efficient

solutions

Lifetime Ongoing www.ril.fi/

Resource.phx/tietop/lifetime.htx

[email protected] Has collected global

information about LC- basedmethods and tools

LIFECON Finished

4/2004

www.vtt.fi/rte/strat/proj

ects/lifecon/[email protected] Has developed LC-based

tools for planningEURO-

LIFEFORM

Finished

12/2004

www.eurolifeform.com [email protected]

i

Aims to develop methods for

Life-Cycle Economy

Life-cycle

models of

construction

Ongoing www.

rakennusteollisuusrt.fiIlkka.Romo@rakennusteolli

suus.fi

Aims to show LC based

methods for construction

production and contracting.

CUBENET -

Energy

Services

In prepatation www.akseli.tekes.fi/

Resource.phx/rapu/

talotekniikka/cubenet

[email protected] Aims to increase

companyactivities concerning

energy saving solutions

SUNTOOL Ongoing www.managenergy.net/

download/[email protected] Developes life-cycle

economical and ecoefficient

solutions to small house areas

SARA Value-

networked

construction

In preparation www.akseli.tekes.fi [email protected] Aims to develop information-

technology based planning

and evaluative methods.

OPET-

Building

Ongoing www.

[email protected] Network of LCC -experts for

builders

Rembrand

facility

management

Finished

9/2004www.akseli.tekes.fi [email protected] Has produced methods and

tools for facility management

PeBBu-

thematic

network

Ongoing www.pebbu.nl [email protected] Aims for the inter-national

implementation of the

principles of Performance

Based Building


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3.4.2006 3

Functional

Technical

Modificable

Health

Safety

Convenience

Buildingtraditions

Life style

Business culture

Aesthetics

Raw materialseconomy

Energy economy

Environmentalburdens

Waste economy

3.4.2006 4

Building planning

Demand

definition

Use and maintenance

Performance: location, services

Economy: acquisition cost, life-cycle cost, life-cycle benefits

Functionality: time of use, spatial solutions, energy economy, indoor conditions, modifiability, spaceservices

Economy: acquisition cost, life-cycle cost, life-cycle economy, life-cycle benefits

Specifies solutions: time of use, maintainability, recyclebilityEconomy: acquisition cost, life-cycle cost, life-cycle benefits

Use and m aintenance: follow-up, planned maintenanceFacility development: technical and functional renewing

Economy: acquisition cost, life-cycle cost, life-cycle benefits

Site choice


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3.4.2006 5

In facility investmentand space acquisition the main interest is concentratedon location, use of spaces and the most essential performance bases. Thecalculations will also be utilized by comparing possible life-cycle tenders.

By use and maintenancethe important life-cycle areas are planning, usedirections of ventilation and information technology and applying rightmaintenance methods.

Facility developmentshall be based on condition determination, suitable newconstruction practises and definition of wanted functionality. The solutions aremainly based on original state of the building: appearance, space complexes,

level of energy consumption, modification rate and other technical settings.

3.4.2006 6

Real rate (nominal rate inflation)is based on real need and price of money.

Life-Cycle Economics (LCE) may be calculated as difference between Life-Cycle Income (LCI) and Life-Cycle Cost or directly as difference in life-cycle

costsLCE = LCI - LCC tai LCE = LCCdiff

If the Resale Value (RV) is taken in account (for example based on differencesin functionality characteristics, remaining life time and possible space servicevalue), Life-Cycle Profit (LCP) is the sum of life-cycle economics and

difference in resale value:LCP = LCE + RVdiff

By means of profit calculation may be defined Profit rateand Payback time.

Life-Cycle Benefit is the best relation between performance characteristics,acquisition and life cycle cost, possible life cycle incomes and effects on resaleand Environmental Hazards (EH). It may be calculated by means of equation

(LCIi x RVi )/( Aqi x LCCi x EHi)

The sensitivity analysis may be based on: optimistic probable pessimistic


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3.4.2006 7

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

Acqu is it io n Fun d M ai ntena nce Ope ra ti on De ve lop men t O th er cos t

10 y

25 y

50 y

/brm2

3.4.2006 8

Location Southern Finland

Life cycle 25 yReal rate 2 %Cost level 6/2005

Acquisition

cost

/m2

Life-Cycle Cost

/m2

Choice of life-cycle characteristics*Heating energy economy- low-energy level- minimum energy level

* Inner climate- quality class S3- quality class S1

* Modification rate- spacially modifical- very modificable

* Levels of inner quality

- high class- representational

+20+50

-50+80

+90+150

+150+500

-30-20

-75-120

-25+10

+250+750

Choise of products* Facades- highclass facades

* Windows- energy saving windows

* Effectiviness of heat recovery- effectivity 40 %

+100

+15

+5

+ 130

-20

-8


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3.4.2006 9

Location Southern Finland (Vantaa)

Building type Office building with steel frameArea 2 000 brm2Life cycle 20 yRealrate 5 %Portion to be financed 70 %

Cost level 6/2005

Traditional

building

Life-cycle

optimizedbuilding

FUNCTIONALITYTime of useModification

Relational energy consumptionInner climate

Space services

50 yearsmodular

100 %ordinary

ordinary

80 yearsfree

75 %excellent

manysided

RELATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS

Emissions CO2eq.

Unrenewable energy resourcesWastesOther use of natural resourcesEnvironmental risks

EnvironmentalHazardindex (EHi)

0,600,200,10

0,050,05

1,00

0,450,150,07

0,040,03

0,74

ECONOMICAL EFFECTS

Acquisition cost AqFunding cost

Facility administration costMaintenance cost

Operating costHeating energyElectrical energy

Other operation cost

Modification cost

Environment cotsLife-Cycle Cost LCC

Life-Cycle Incomes LCILife-Cycle Economy LCE = LCCdif

/a/m2

85

365

14

510

8

25

3

191

208

+17

/a/m2

110

467

12

3

1210

32

205240

+35

RELATIONAL DIFFERENCESAcquisition cost index Aqi

Life-Cycle Cost index LCCiLife-Cycle Income index LCIi

Resale Value index RVi

Life-Cycle Benefits (LCIix RVi )/( Aqix LCCi x EHi)

1,00

1,001,00

1,001,00

1,29

1,081,16

1,451,63

3.4.2006 107.4.2005 10

VTTRAKENNUS-JA YHDYSKUNTATEKNIIKKA

CopyrightVTT2005

LIFE-CYCLE

OPTIMIZED

FACILITY

PLANNING

SPACE DEMANDS

ENVIRONMENTAL PRESSURE

FACILITY

BUSINESSUSER DEMANDS

SOCIAL

DEMANDS

ACQUISITIONCOST

LICE-CYCLE COST

TIME OF USE

INDOOR CONDITIONS

ENERGYECONOMY

MODIFIABILITY

SPACE SEVICES

PERFORMANCE

Low life-cycle costand high life-cycle

value

Low environmental hazards

High Life-cycle quality

LOCATION

COSTANDENVIRONMENT

Product information databases (for example

LifePlan)

Web based costing tools (for exampleBeCost)

Product modelling (for example RYHTI HVAC

Costing tool)

Mapinfo based space-costing (for exampleTILASUKU tool)

Simulation tools (for example VTTHouse -tool)

Client-Demand management (for example

EcoProp tool:


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3.4.2006 11

Advancement of Resale-Value, permanence of performance, maintainability and chances ofvaluation and combatibility of systems with further needs for facility management.

Mistakes concerning building planning, accessibility of building products, operativeexperiences, damage riskablity and way of use.

In production process insufficiency of professionals, problems with acquisitions, actionsand transfer of project start towards winter time.

In use and maintenance underprizing in planning phase, defaults of use and maintenancedirections, unexpected rises of prises, larger and careless use of systems, unexpecteddamages and problems with usability in case of user changes and faults and lacks ofmaintenance actions.

In case of facility management a failed consolidation of actions, unexpected damages

revealed by demolition and disturbances caused to users.

3.4.2006 12

Life-cycle economical, energy economical, ecoefficient,healthy and social facilities are quite similar: durable, energy-saving and desirable with functional, change-flexible andunrestricted spaces and reliable, advantageous, undamagedrecyclable systems, other products and materials.

There shall be combined the most economic and ecoefficientperformance characteristics to the life-cycle optimizedtechnical solutions in the bestpractise (or nextpractise)building concepts.

Areal life-cycle optimization is necessary next to individualbuilding planning.

Generalizing of life-cycle optimized facility concepts shouldmean Reduction of heating and electricity energy making it easier to optimize

energy management and increase importance of renewable energyresources.

Increase of both GNP and employment and transferring labour inputs fromenergyproducing countries to homelabd and from wasting to recyclingservices.

New kind of business possibilities (for example building concepts, coatingstructures, recycling products).


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3.4.2006 13

The public sector has a central role in promoting life cycle advantageoussolutions through its own production and giving directions and buildingcodes. This requires commonly approved technology foresightsystematics.

The private sectors are applying directions and codes in life-cycleoptimized ways and seeking new areas of business which aim at highprofits through intensive innovation processes. This means growing

international value networking.

3.4.2006 14

References

[1] ISO15686 5. Whole Life Costing. (www.iso.org/iso)

[2] LCC for building trade (www.lcc-bygg.com)

Thank YOU

Sincerely: [email protected] or [email protected]

sakari_pulakka_ecolcc

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