projek anak tahun 5

8/16/2019 Projek Anak Tahun 5

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Introduction

mammal noun

any vertebrate of the class Mammalia, having the body more or lesscovered with hair, nourishing the young with milk from themammary glands, and, with the exception of the egg-laying

monotremes, giving birth to live young.Origin:

182!"# as singular of $eo-%atin Mammalia neuter plural of %ate

%atin mammālis of the breast.

CHEETAH


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Map

Cheetah Range

Fast Facts

Type:MammalDiet:CarnivoreAverage life span in the wild:

10 to 12 yearsSize:3.5 to 4.5 ft (1.1 to 1.4 m! Tail" 25.5 to 31.5 in (#5 to $0 %mWeight:&& to 143 l's (35 to #5 gProtection status:)*lnera'leSize relative to a 6ft !"#$ #an:


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The %heetah is the +orl,-s fastest lan, mammal. ith a%%eleration that +o*l,leave most a*tomo'iles in the ,*st" a %heetah %an go from 0 to #0 miles (/#ilometers an ho*r in only three se%on,s. These 'ig %ats are *ite nim'le athigh see, an, %an mae *i% an, s*,,en t*rns in *rs*it of rey.

efore *nleashing their see," %heetahs *se e%etionally een eyesight tos%an their grasslan, environment for signs of reyese%ially anteloe an,hares. This 'ig %at is a ,aylight h*nter that 'enefits from stealthy movementan, a ,istin%tive sotte, %oat that allo+s it to 'len, easily into high" ,rygrasses.

hen the moment is right a %heetah +ill srint after its *arry an, attemt tono% it ,o+n. *%h %hases %ost the h*nter a tremen,o*s amo*nt of energyan, are *s*ally over in less than a min*te. 6f s*%%essf*l" the %heetah +ill often,rag its ill to a sha,y hi,ing la%e to rote%t it from oort*nisti% animals that

sometimes steal a ill 'efore the %heetah %an eat. Cheetahs nee, only ,rinon%e every three to fo*r ,ays.

7emale %heetahs tyi%ally have a litter of three %*'s an, live +ith them forone an, a half to t+o years. 8o*ng %*'s sen, their first year learning fromtheir mother an, ra%ti%ing h*nting te%hni*es +ith layf*l games. Male%heetahs live alone or in small gro*s" often +ith their littermates.

Most +il, %heetahs are fo*n, in eastern an, so*th+estern Afri%a. 9erhasonly &"000 to 10"000 of these 'ig %ats remain" an, those are *n,er ress*reas the +i,e:oen grasslan,s they favor are ,isaearing at the han,s of

h*man settlers.


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BASIC FACTS ABOUT DOLPHINS

Dolphins are highly intelligent marine mammals and are part of the

family of toothed whales that includes orcas and pilot whales. They are

found worldwide, mostly in shallow seas of the continental shelves, and

are carnivores, mostly eating fish and squid. Dolphin coloration varies,

but they are generally gray in color with darker backs than the rest of

their bodies.

© Kristian Sekulic / iStockphoto

DietDolphins consume a variety of prey including fish, squid and crustaceans.

PopulationIt is difficult to estimate population numbers since there are many

different species spanning a large geographic area.

Range Did You Know?

Like bats, dolphins use echolocation to navigate and hunt, bouncing high-pitched

sounds off of objects, and listening for the echoes.


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Most species live in shallow areas of tropical and temperate oceansthroughout the world. Five species live in the world's rivers.

BehaviorDolphins are well known for their agility and playful behavior, making

them a favorite of wildlife watchers. Many species will leap out of the

water, spy-hop (rise vertically out of the water to view their surroundings)

and follow ships, often synchronizing their movements with one another.

Scientists believe that dolphins conserve energy by swimming alongside

ships, a practice known as bow-riding.

Dolphins live in social groups of five to several hundred. They use

echolocation to find prey and often hunt together by surrounding a school

of fish, trapping them and taking turns swimming through the school and

catching fish. Dolphins will also follow seabirds, other whales and fishing

boats to feed opportunistically on the fish they scare up or discard.

Did You Know?

To prevent drowning while sleeping only half of the dolphin’s brain goes to sleep

while the other half remains awake so they can continue to breathe!

ReproductionMating Season: Throughout the year, though in some areas there is a

peak in spring and fall.Gestation: 9-17 months depending on the species.

When it is time to give birth, the female will distance herself from the

pod, often going near the surface of the water.Number of offspring:

Usually one calf; twins are rare.As soon as the calf is born, the mothermust quickly take it to the surface so it can take its first breath. The calf

will nurse from 11 months to 2 years, and after it is done nursing it will

still stay with its mother until it is between 3 and 8 years old.


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BASIC FACTS ABOUT ELEPHANTS

Habitat loss is one of the key threats facing elephants. Many climate change

projections indicate that key portions of elephants’ habitat will become significantly

hotter and drier, resulting in poorer foraging conditions and threatening calf survival.

Increasing conflict with human populations taking over more and more elephant

habitat and poaching for ivory are additional threats that are placing the elephant’s

future at risk.

© Geoff Hall

Defenders of Wildlife is working through the Convention on International Trade in

Endangered Species (CITES) to maintain a ban on the sale of ivory as well as on

regulations that govern worldwide elephant protection.

Of the two species, African elephants are divided into two subspecies (savannah and

forest), while the Asian elephant is divided into four subspecies (Sri Lankan, Indian,

Sumatran and Borneo). Asian elephants have been very important to Asian culture for

thousands of years – they have been domesticated and are used for religious festivals,

transportation and to move heavy objects.

Diet

http://www.defenders.org/habitat-conservation/defending-habitathttp://www.defenders.org/climate-change/climate-change-101http://www.defenders.org/climate-change/climate-change-101http://www.defenders.org/international-conservation/importance-citeshttp://www.defenders.org/international-conservation/importance-citeshttp://www.defenders.org/climate-change/climate-change-101http://www.defenders.org/international-conservation/importance-citeshttp://www.defenders.org/international-conservation/importance-citeshttp://www.defenders.org/habitat-conservation/defending-habitat


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Staples: Grasses, leaves, bamboo, bark, roots. Elephants are also known to eat cropslike banana and sugarcane which are grown by farmers. Adult elephants eat 300-400

lbs of food per day.

Population

At the turn of the 20th century, there were a few million African elephants and about

100,000 Asian elephants. Today, there are an estimated 450,000 - 700,000 African

elephants and between 35,000 - 40,000 wild Asian elephants.

Range

African savannah elephants are found in savannah zones in 37 countries south of theSahara Desert. African forest elephants inhabit the dense rainforests of west and

central Africa. The Asian elephant is found in India, Sri Lanka, China and much of

Southeast Asia.

Behavior

Elephants form deep family bonds and live in tight matriarchal family groups of

related females called a herd. The herd is led by the oldest and often largest female in

the herd, called a matriarch. Herds consist of 8-100 individuals depending on terrain

and family size. When a calf is born, it is raised and protected by the whole

matriarchal herd. Males leave the family unit between the ages of 12-15 and may leadsolitary lives or live temporarily with other males.

Elephants are extremely intelligent animals and have memories that span many years.

It is this memory that serves matriarchs well during dry seasons when they need to

guide their herds, sometimes for tens of miles, to watering holes that they remember

from the past. They also display signs of grief, joy, anger and play.

Recent discoveries have shown that elephants can communicate over long distances

by producing a sub-sonic rumble that can travel over the ground faster than sound

through air. Other elephants receive the messages through the sensitiveskin on their feet and trunks. It is believed that this is how potential mates

and social groups communicate.

ReproductionMating Season: Mostly during the rainy season.Gestation: 22 months.

http://www.defenders.org/grasslands/tropical-grasslandshttp://www.defenders.org/grasslands/tropical-grasslandshttp://www.defenders.org/grasslands/tropical-grasslandshttp://www.defenders.org/forest/basic-factshttp://www.defenders.org/grasslands/tropical-grasslandshttp://www.defenders.org/forest/basic-facts


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Litter size: 1 calf (twins rare).Calves weigh between 200-250 lbs at birth.At birth, a calf's trunk has no muscle tone, therefore it will suckle through

its mouth.

PET

Apet (orcompanion animal) is ananimal kept primarily for a person's

company or protection, as opposed toworking animals,sport animals,

livestock, andlaboratory animals, which are kept primarily for performance,

agricultural value, or research. The most popular pets are noted for their

attractive appearances and their loyal or playful personalities.

Pets commonly provide their owners (or guardians) physical and emotional

benefits. Walking adog can supply both the human and pet with exercise,

fresh air, and social interaction. Pets can give companionship to elderly adults

who do not have adequate social interaction with other people. There is a

medically approved class oftherapy animals, mostly dogs, that are brought to

visit confined humans. Pet therapy utilizes trained animals and handlers to

achieve specific physical, social, cognitive, and emotional goals with patients.

The most popular pets are likely dogs andcats, but people also keephouse

rabbits,ferrets;rodents such asgerbils,hamsters,chinchillas,fancy rats, and

guinea pigs;avian pets, such ascanaries, parakeets, andparrots; reptile pets,

such asturtles,lizards andsnakes;aquatic pets, such astropical fish and

frogs; andarthropod pets, such astarantulas andhermit crabs.

Some scholars andanimal rights organizations have raised concern over pet-

keeping with regards to the autonomy ofnonhuman animals.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Working_animalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sport_animalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livestockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laboratory_animalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal-assisted_therapyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_rabbithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_rabbithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferrethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerbilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamsterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinchillahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fancy_rathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guinea_pighttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birdhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domestic_Canaryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parakeethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parakeethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parrothttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turtlehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lizardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snakehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquariumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_fishhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Froghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthropodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarantulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermit_crabhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_rightshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-humanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Working_animalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sport_animalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livestockhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laboratory_animalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal-assisted_therapyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_rabbithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_rabbithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferrethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerbilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamsterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinchillahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fancy_rathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guinea_pighttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birdhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domestic_Canaryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parakeethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parrothttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turtlehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lizardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snakehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquariumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_fishhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Froghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthropodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarantulahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermit_crabhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_rightshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-human


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CAT

Colle%tively" ittens ya+n a'o*t 200 million time er ho*r. Catshave over 100 so*n,s in their vo%al reertoire" +hile ,ogs only

have 10. e''e, feet on a %at; The 9eter'al,-s got -em< Theymae it easy for the %at to get a goo, gri on things +ith sill.Rag,oll %ats live * to their name= they +ill literally go lim" +ithrelae, m*s%les" +hen lifte, 'y a h*man. Rag,oll %ats live * totheir name= they +ill literally go lim" +ith relae, m*s%les" +henlifte, 'y a h*man. The %olor of 8or Cho%olates 'e%omes ri%her+ith age. >ittens are 'orn +ith a lighter %oat than the a,*lts. Thet+o o*ter layers of a %at-s hair are %alle," rese%tively" the g*ar,hair an, the a+n hair. The t+o o*ter layers of a %at-s hair are

%alle," rese%tively" the g*ar, hair an, the a+n hair. A%%or,ing tothe Asso%iation for 9et ?'esity 9revention (A9?9" a'o*t 50million of o*r %ats are over+eight. Cat-s 'a% %la+s aren-t as sharas the %la+s on their front a+s. A%%or,ing to the @*inness orl,Re%or,s" the largest ,omesti% %at litter totale, at 1/ ittens" fo*r ofthem still'orn. Cats refer their foo, at room temerat*renot toohot" not too %ol,. Cats have over 100 so*n,s in their vo%alreertoire" +hile ,ogs only have 10. The Maine Coon isaroriately the offi%ial tate %at of its namesae state. Cats have

a 5 toes on their front a+s an, 4 on ea%h 'a% a+. Cats- ro*ghtong*es ena'le them to %lean themselves effi%iently an, to li%%lean an animal 'one. Call them +i,e:eyes= %ats are the mammals+ith the largest eyes. To,ay" %ats are living t+i%e as long as they,i, *st 50 years ago.


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From the Quagga --half zebra, half horse-- to the Irish Deer --the largest deer that ever lived--, an impressive list with pictures of amazing animals we will never see.

1

Tyrannosaurus Rex (extinct 65 million years ago)[Wiki]

Tyrannosaurus re was one of the largest land carnivores of all time, measuring up to

!"." feet long, and #$.$ ft tall, with an estimated mass that goes up to % tons. &i'e

other tyrannosaurids, Tyrannosaurus was a bipedal carnivore with a massive s'ull

balanced by a long, heavy tail. (elative to the large and powerful hindlimbs,

Tyrannosaurus forelimbs were small and they retained only two digits.

Fossils of T. re have been found in )orth *merican roc' formations dating to the last

three million years of the +retaceous eriod at the end of the aastrichtian stage,

approimately $./ to $/./ million years ago0 it was among the last dinosaurs to eist

prior to the +retaceous-Tertiary etinction event. ore than "1 specimens of T. re

have been identified, some of which are nearly complete s'eletons. 2ome researchers

have discovered soft tissue as well. The abundance of fossil material has allowed

significant research into many aspects of its biology, including life history and biomechanics.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrannosaurus_rexhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrannosaurus_rex


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2

Quagga: hal !e"ra# hal horse (extinct since 1$$%)[Wiki]

3ne of *frica4s most famous etinct animals, the 5uagga was a subspecies of the

plains zebra, which was once found in great numbers in 2outh *frica4s +ape rovince

and the southern part of the 3range Free 2tate. It was distinguished from other zebras

by having the usual vivid mar's on the front part of the body only. In the mid-section,

the stripes faded and the dar', inter-stripe spaces became wider, and the hind5uarters

were a plain brown. The name comes from a 6hoi'hoi word for zebra and is

onomatopoeic, being said to resemble the 5uagga4s call.

The 5uagga was originally classified as an individual species, 75uus 5uagga, in #%.

3ver the net fifty years or so, many other zebras were described by naturalists and

eplorers. 8ecause of the great variation in coat patterns 9no two zebras are ali'e:,

taonomists were left with a great number of described ;species;, and no easy way to

tell which of these were true species, which were subspecies, and which were simply

natural variants. &ong before this confusion was sorted out, the 5uagga had been

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quaggahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quagga


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hunted to etinction for meat, hides, and to preserve feed for domesticated stoc'. Thelast wild 5uagga was probably shot in the late #%1s, and the last specimen in

captivity died on *ugust #


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'

tellers ea *o+: the ,eenseless

"east (extinct since 1-6$) [Wiki]

Formerly found near the *siatic coast of the 8ering 2ea, it was discovered in in #%!#

by the naturalist =eorg 2teller, who was traveling with the eplorer ?itus 8ering. The

sea cow grew up to %.@ meters 9


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5

.rish /eer: the largest ,eer that e0er li0e, (extinct

a"out -#- years ago) [Wiki 3hoto: (c) The 4iel, useum#*1T]

The Irish 7l' or =iant Deer, was the largest deer that ever lived. It lived in 7urasia,

from Ireland to east of &a'e 8ai'al, during the &ate leistocene and early Colocene.

The latest 'nown remains of the species have been carbon dated to about /,%11 8+, or

about %,%11 years ago. The =iant Deer is famous for its formidable size 9about


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6

*as7ian Tiger: the thir, largest (extinct since 1&-)[Wiki]

The +aspian tiger or ersian tiger was the westernmost subspecies of tiger, found in

Iran, Ira5, *fghanistan, Tur'ey, ongolia, 6aza'hstan, +aucasus, TaEi'istan,

Tur'menistan and zbe'istan until it apparently became etinct in the #@%1s. 3f all

the tigers 'nown to the world, the +aspian tiger was the third largest.

The body of this subspecies was 5uite stoc'y and elongated with strong legs, big wide

paws and unusually large claws. The ears were short and small, and gave the

appearance of being without hair on the tips. *round the chee's the +aspian tiger was

generously furred and the rest of its fur was long and thic'. The colouration resembled

that of the 8engal tiger. ale +aspian tigers were very large and weighed #$@-

the +aspian tiger being sighted.

-

8urochs: a 0ery large ty7e o cattle (extinct since

162-) [Wiki]

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caspian_Tigerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aurochshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caspian_Tigerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aurochs


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3ne of 7urope4s most famous etinct animals, the aurochs or urus 98os primigenius:

were a very large type of cattle. *urochs evolved in India some two million years ago,

migrated into the iddle 7ast and further into *sia, and reached 7urope about


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9reat 8uk: largest o all auks (extinct since 1$'')[Wiki]

The =reat *u' was the only species in the genus inguinus, flightless giant au's from

the *tlantic, to survive until recent times, but is etinct today. It was also 'nown as

garefowl, or penguin.

2tanding about %/ centimetres or "1-"! inches high and weighing around / 'g, the

flightless =reat *u' was the largest of the au's. It had white and glossy blac'

feathers. In the past, the =reat *u' was found in great numbers on islands off eastern

+anada, =reenland, Iceland, )orway, Ireland and =reat 8ritain, but it was eventuallyhunted to etinction. (emains found in Floridan middens suggest that at least

occasionally, birds ventured that far south in winter as recently as in the #!th century.

&

*a0e ion: one o the largest lions

e0er (extinct 2# years ago)

[Wiki]

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Aukhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cave_Lionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Aukhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cave_Lion


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The cave lion, also 'nown as the 7uropean or 7urasian cave lion, is an etinctsubspecies of lion 'nown from fossils and a wide variety of prehistoric art. This

subspecies was one of the largest lions. *n adult male, which was found in #@/ near

2iegsdorf 9=ermany:, had a shoulder height of around #.< m and a length of rm glaciation, though there are some indications it may have

eisted as recently as

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