n1011-222-public transport in kuala lumpur (3)

8/10/2019 N1011-222-Public Transport in Kuala Lumpur (3)

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INDEX

1 INTRODUCTION, PURPOSE

1.1 Introduction about public transports 1

1.2 Objectives 2

2 STATES OF THE ART

2.1 Transports in Kuala Lumpur 3

2.1.1 Statistics of Transportation Usage 3

2.1.2 Statistics of Users 5

2.2 Buses

2.2.1 Source of Energy and Usage 11

2.2.2 Manufacturing Cost 13

2.2.3 Fares 16

2.2.4 Problems 20

2.3 Trains



2.3.3 Fares 26

2.3.4 Problems 27


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2.4 Taxis



2.2.3 Fares 32

2.2.4 Problems 33

3 STAKE HOLDERS

3.1 Government, People and Environment 34

3.2 Police 37

3.3 Council of Users 38

3.4 Drivers 39

3.5 Tourists 40

3.6 Immigrant 41

3.7 Handicapped People 41


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1 INTRODUCTION, PURPOSE

1.1 Introduction about public transports

Due to advancing technologies nowadays, more and more transports product are

made including public transport. Till this day there are about hundreds of companies

that are involve in the production of public transports around the whole wide world.

Malaysia is not exemption as increasing the number of inhabitant there. The main

companies areRapidKL andKeretapi Tanah Melayu and operated mainly in Kuala

Lumpur as a capital of Malaysia. Hence, the number of transports in Malaysia is

getting larger by seconds. Therefore the pollutions are getting worst particularly in

Kuala Lumpur which is the centre of development in Malaysia. This is very worrying

for the people in Malaysia especially in Kuala Lumpur.

Our project is about the study of Malaysians public transports. We are studying how

they affect the environment and habitant in Malaysia. This is because transports are

used by almost all people in Kuala Lumpur. In this project, we also compare how the

people use the transport in Kuala Lumpur and Barcelona. In addition, we study about

the level of pollutions causing by them. Plus, we investigate how to control the level

of pollution and how to minimise the problem for the sake of the people and theenvironment. We also want to look at the situation in the perspective of sustainability.

We studied about the energy source for the transport whether its renewable and if it

is environmental friendly.

We also hope that our project can be a reference to save our environment and

improve the way we use the transport and increase the efficiency of transport.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RapidKLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keretapi_Tanah_Melayuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keretapi_Tanah_Melayuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RapidKL


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1.2 Objectives

From the beginning, transports are fundamental for daily life. They are used to

simplify a man to travel from one place to another. Since the civilization people tends

to create something that can save time and energy to travel to another place. During

the rock ages, people only use their two feet to move somewhere that far away but

they had waste so much energy and time. In the 19th century and early 20th century,

most Kuala Lumpur citizens and tin miners usedrickshaws,elephants,sampans and

bull- or horse-drawncarriages as basic public transportation.to make travellingeasier until the invention of cars by engineers. The wagon, bicycle, ships, boats and

even the aeroplane are all proves which shows the development of transportation.

Although the development of all the transportations are very amusing, we must

remember that there is bad side effects that can harm our environment. Kuala

Lumpur are not exempt from this situation. In 1983, Malaysia has made a big step in

the transportation business by opening a company that produce and make cars,

vans and also motorcycle. The company was named Proton. The first product of thiscompany was called Proton Saga. The people of Malaysia was very excite of this

achievement at the time as before this it is very hard for the citizens to owns a

decent transportation as for that time. During the next century more and more

transportation companies starting to open up including the public transport. And

mostly their manufacturing factory are situated in Kuala Lumpur. And the people of

Malaysia are getting richer and are now afford to own a car per family. As for the

many transportations used in Kuala Lumpur, the government takes an initiative to

build highways. In 1988, PLUS (Express highway North-South) was established to

make expressways throughout the country. This which effect the loss of many forest

and habitat of animals. In the year 1998, the air pollution in Kuala Lumpur was at the

peak. Mostly because of the factories and the transportation. In November 2001, the

government produce a company named RapidKL which supplies public

transportation in Kuala Lumpur to reduce the air pollution. The public transportation

are LRT (Light Rail Transit), buses, and trains. But this public transportation arent

favoured by the citizens of Kuala Lumpur as it is not efficient.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulled_rickshawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elephanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sampanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carriagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carriagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sampanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elephanthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulled_rickshaw


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2 STATES OF THE ART

2.1 Transports in Kuala Lumpur

Kuala Lumpur is a big city full of people living and works there either from the outside

or inside Malaysia. This is because the increasing number of job offered that make

the number of immigrant increase by year. There are not many habitant can afford to

have their own transport especially for the immigrant, therefore, a good public

transport is needed for them to make their daily lifes activities easier. There are

three main public transports operating in Kuala Lumpur that are bus, train and taxi.

2.1.1 Statistics of Transportation Usage

In Kuala Lumpur, bus is the most important public transport service. Buses have the

most passengers among the public transport service and make approximately

600,000 trips each day. In 2011, almost 60% of Kuala Lumpur populations lived

within 400 meters of a bus route, and the coverage is expected to increase up to

70% by 2012, as the priority is to deliver 50% of the share in public transportation

there. The public rail transportation is fairly extensive and has a total distance

coverage of 224.6km. The public rail services make a total of 560,000 trips daily and

they have 7 main routes.

Trip ratio in current scenario (2010) versus target scenario by 2020.


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Number of daily trips by each transport mode in Kuala Lumpur in 2010

Type of transport Daily trips Percentage

Private transport 6,000,000 83

Buses 600,000 8.3

LRT (light rail transit) 400,000 5.5

KTM commuter 100,000 1.4

Taxis 80,000 1

Monorail 40,000 0.5

ERL (express rail link) 20,000 0.3

Based on the chart above, only 17% habitant in Kuala Lumpur take public transport.

That include 8.3% buses, 5.5% LRT, 1.4% KTM, 1% taxi, 0.5% monorail and 0.3%

ERL. Although most people live near the public transport routes or station but they

prefer to use their own private transport; as from the chat above, 83% use private

transport. The main reason behind the poor public transportation usage and over-dependency on private cars is because most travellers prefer cars that are more cost

and time effective than an unplanned public transport system.


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2.1.2 Statistics of Users

Train

Table 1 shows the statistics of socio-demographic of KTM Komuter (train)

respondents. A total of 200 samples were distributed. About 60.5% of responders

consider the majority were female.


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The highest percentage of age group was age between 18-30 (65.5%), the second

highest group between 31-40 (20.0%) followed by 41-50 years old (9.5%). Another4.0% at the age between 51-60 years and only 1% of them age above 60 years.
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_-OVCC3YikTE/TLGqjQQel6I/AAAAAAAAAAk/bz37xupDGO4/s1600/KTM+1.png


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As for occupation of area of profession, 40.5% of the respondents were in academic

field, which consist of students, teachers or even tutor and lecturers from

universities. About 17.5% respondents come from professional and managerial

group, followed by skilled worker (14.5%), then semi-skilled and unskilled worker

(12.5%). The remaining 10.5% of the responders were from clerical and sales group

and another 4.5% from other group.

The income band corresponding to the highest proportion of respondents (41.5%) is

RM 1000 and below per month as most of them couldnt a fford to have their own

transport. The next highest income categories were RM 2001-RM 3000 per month

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

proffessional

and

managerial

clerical and

sales

skilled worker semi-skilled

and unskilled

academic others

% users

%


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(27.5%) followed by RM 1001-RM 2000 per month (18.5%) and another 12.5% has

income RM 3000 and more.

On average the number of vehicle ownership is one (1) vehicle in a family. But

surprisingly a large percentage of 15.5% owned four (4) vehicles or more in a

household but still choose commuter as a mode of transport.

Buses

Total sample as of 20 December is 3102 passengers with demographic as below:


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Based on the picture above, male dominate the percentage of passenger by 59%

while female 41%.The highest percentage of age group was age between 18-25

(51%), the second highest group between


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As for factors using public buses, most people agree about easy access and limited

transportation choice, followed by the route information. Mostly bus can go to

common place or workplace. Almost 30% of respondent choose because it is

comfort in the bus.707 of responded choose passenger-friendliness as the factor.

The last is punctuality with 519 respondent choose.


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2.2 Buses

2.2.1 Source of Energy and Usage

Almost all the bus in Kuala Lumpur are mainly using diesel oil as the source of

energy. As for there are many buses in the city, the usage of diesel oil are

increasing. This worries the government as the usage of diesel oil will bring many

bad effects to the country and the people. The diesel oil will cause global emission.

Diesel emissions contribute to the development of cancer; cardiovascular and

respiratory health effects; pollution of air, water, and soil; soiling; reductions in

visibility; and global climate change. This brings danger to the habitants of Kuala

Lumpur. The prices of diesel also increases by every year which burden the bus

owner and also burden the users of this kind of public transport as by increasing of

the diesel will increase the fare. In Graph 2.2.1.1 shows the increasing price (dollar

per litre) of diesel yearly since 1991 to 2013.


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As the increasing price of diesel and the dangers it offers, the government are

now searching a new renewable and eco-friendly source such as bio-fuels, electric

or solar. Recently, the Ministry of Energy, Green Technology and Water (KeTTHA)

and Amdac (M) Sdn Bhd has produce an electric bus. According to Amdac group

chief executive officer Datuk M. Rafie Sain the bus is supposed to reach 250km to

300km per charge. He said the electric bus is battery operated and has zero carbon

emissions. This is great step towards creating a greenerbusas it can reduce the

pollution by 40% by the year 2020. KeTTHA deputy minister Datuk Seri Mahdzir

Khalid who launched the event said the National Green Technology policy was

introduced in 2009, to create a conducive environment for the public.

The other alternative energy sources that are commonly used for buses in

Kuala Lumpur is NGV (natural gas vehicle). Nowadays more and more buses are

using natural gas as the main source of energy. The natural gas also contribute in

pollution. But the advantages of using natural gas as an energy source is that it is

cheaper than diesel and petroleum as it is less demanding sources. Below shows

the pie chart of the usage of primary energy sources in Malaysia in the year 2012.


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2.2.2 Manufacturing Cost

Malaysia Infrastructure Limited is a 100% government-owned company which was

set up to own the assets of multi-modal public transport operatorMalaysia,under the

government's move to restructure the city's public transport system. It is one of the

largest public-transport company inMalaysia.This company hold many shares in the

Kuala Lumpur transportation company. The biggest company is the RapidKL.Rapid

KL buses operates in Kuala Lumpur,Klang Valley andSelangor,providing services

for more than 200 routes. RapidKL now owns more than 1400 buses.

The bus service in Kuala Lumpur facing problems with lower ridership because of an

increase in private car usage and the lack of capital investments. The two new bus

consortia which were formed in the mid-1990s to take over all bus services in Kuala

LumpurIntrakota and Citylinerbegan facing financial problems. Intrakota had

reportedly accumulated losses amounting to RM450 million from the 1997/1998financial crisis untilPrasarana took over in 2003, and debts of more than RM250

million between 1994 and 2003. With lower revenues, bus operators could not

maintain their fleets, much less invest in more buses.

Diesel buses are the most common type of bus in Kuala Lumpur, and they cost

around $300,000 per vehicle and buses powered by natural gas are becoming more

popular, and they cost about $30,000 more per bus than diesels do. The companies

in Kuala Lumpur are facing financial problems as the people much more preferredusing their private cars.

Other than this, the cost to prepare the facilities for the bus are also expensive. The

facilities are such as the bus stops. The government spend around RM6,000 for

each bus stops

that are shown

in the picture

below.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapid_KLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapid_KLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klang_Valleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selangorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syarikat_Prasarana_Negara_Berhadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syarikat_Prasarana_Negara_Berhadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selangorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klang_Valleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapid_KLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapid_KLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysia


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There are two central bus station in Kuala Lumpur that connects other cities with it.

Its called Pudu Sentral Terminal which connects with the north of Malaysia and

Terminal Bersepadu Selatan (TBS) which connects the south side. Pudu Sentral

Terminal costs the governmentRM3 million (approx. US$ 817,000). And the TBScosts RM 4 million.

Apart from building stations the government also spent a lot on building expressways

to make the bus travelling easier. The main express way that is commonly used by

Kuala Lumpur citizens is the Kuala LumpurSeremban Expressway E37 is amainexpressway inKuala Lumpur,Malaysia.This express ways have the length of

The view from inside of TBS The view from inside of Pudu Terminal
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_ringgithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Controlled-access_highwayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuala_Lumpurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuala_Lumpurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Controlled-access_highwayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_ringgit


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8.1 km (5.0 mi). It cost the governmentRM32.9 million to build this express way. And

there are many more express way that linking Kuala Lumpur and other cities. The

main express way is the Northern-South Expressway (PLUS). It is the longest

expressway inMalaysia with the total length of about 772 km (480 mi). It connects

the northest state to the southest state, including Kuala Lumpur which is in the

middle. This highway had cost the government RM 6billion to construct it. And it cost

more and more with the expansion and for the maintenance. Next page shows the

picture of PLUS route:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_ringgithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysian_ringgit


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2.2.3 Fares

The common bus fare are as shown in the table below:

Bus Service Adult Fare Concession Fare

UTAMA

RM 1.00 (1 zone)

RM 1.90 (2 zones)RM 2.50 (3 zones)

RM 3.00 (4 zones and more)

RM 0.50 (1 zone)

RM 0.90 (2 zones)RM 1.20 (3 zones)

RM 1.50 (4 zones and more)

BANDAR RM 1.00 RM 0.50

TEMPATAN RM 1.00 RM 0.50

EKSPRESS RM 3.80 RM 1.90


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And the maps are:

The fares are at medium rate as it is to attract the people of Kuala Lumpur to use the

public transportation in order to reduce the pollution and contamination. Although the

prices are low, the destination of the bus is still few. The bus doesnt cover every part

of the city. This make it difficult for the people to use it on a daily basis. The people

are more preferred to use their private motorcycle to go to somewhere in the city as

it is more cheap and save more time. This because the circulation of the buses are

not very efficient. Furthermore the traffic jam in Kuala Lumpur are making each travel

more time consuming.


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There are cards for local student that offers 50% discount for the card and gets an

unlimited rides for 30 days:

Cards for foreigners student which also gets the same privilege as local student but

the card cost RM10 more:

Cards for the senior citizens which gets 50% discount for every journey:


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2.2.4 Problems

The main problem about the bus is the pollution that they produce. Such as air

pollution and sound pollution. The air pollution can be reduce by using a eco-friendly

sources of energy instead of diesel. And the sound pollution can be reduce by the

manufacturers by using an appropriate parts that follows the law to make the bus.

Below shows graph of the value of carbon dioxide emitted by the transportations:

As you can see the emissions of carbon dioxide are increasing in Malaysia. This can

be reduce if the people use the bus and can further reduce if the bus itself doesnt

emit carbon dioxide that is the bus use an eco-friendly energy source such as

electric. The government are taking this very serious as they are experimenting on

using electric and bio-fuels as a change for natural gas and diesel. The electric and

bio-fuels doesnt emit much carbon as diesel. Furthermore there are renewable

sources and cost much cheaper.


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Also there is a problem that the bus doesnt have much facilities for the

handicapped peoples. In Barcelona, the buses have many facilities for the

handicapped such as their own seats, the bus lowered when peoples enter the bus

and a place to situate wheel chairs and baby carriages. In Kuala Lumpur there isnt

such things. There also fewer seats in the bus. Only a few people can get a seat in

the bus while the rest stands. Below shows the interior of a typical bus in Kuala

Lumpur:

The bus are also very inefficient as they does not covers every part of Kuala Lumpur

and the time different for each circulation are very long. Also they are no bus lane inKuala Lumpur. This can make the bus stuck in traffic and takes a very long time to

arrive at desire destination. The fare are also pretty high for a normal Malaysian to

use the bus on a daily basis.


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2.3 Trains


As a developing country, all trains in Malaysia use a free-pollutant source of energy

which is electricity. It is the most efficient renewable energy that can be generated

easily. Unlike the bus, trains make no effect on non-renewable resources in

Malaysia, hence this green-public transport is tremendously grows by thegovernment. There are many types of trains in Malaysia, which are LRT (Light

Railway Transit), KTM (Keretapi Tanah Melayu), and monorail. For the LRT, it

consists three different types; two of them is used in Kuala Lumpur; named Kelana

Jaya Line and Ampang Line. Both of this trains covered most places in Kuala

Lumpur. While the other one is the Aerotrain (used at KLIA Airport; to ferry

passengers between the main terminal building and the satellite building). But, LRT

is totally different from KTM, as KTM provides a service that linking the main cities inMalaysia. For an example, the immigrant that lives on the other state uses KTM

service to get in and out of Kuala Lumpur. For LRT and monorail, there are only

slightly different between each other, but still they only works in Kuala Lumpur.

KTM Monorail


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Same as the other country, this train does not need much facilities to operate. It only

needs a railway tracks, and some stations to pick and left passengers according to

their desired destination. For KTM, starting from 2012, the government had invested

RM1.9b (Euro 452.000,00) for getting 38 sets of new trains named MyKomuter.These commuters have been invented to ensure only the best services are provided

to the passengers. It has 6 new coaches for each train and two of them is

specialized only for ladies. The reason for this case is, to comfort the ladies

throughout their journey.

For Aerotrain, it works partially underground. It had been design with track length of

1.2km and only takes 2.5 minutes from terminal building to satellite building. This is

one of the best invention engineered at the KLIA (Kuala Lumpur International

Airport). While, both LRT and Monorail are conducted by the gigantic company,

RapidKL. RapidKL is an excellent company as they provides various types of public

transports at every stations. This will ease the passengers to move around the city

and at the same time, they do make a great profit as users keep using their service.

There are some ways how to distinguish between LRT and monorail, we can see

from the way the railway tracks constructed. Mostly, LRT uses a surface-track mode

same as the bus, while monorail uses an elevated railway tracks. Besides, LRT has

four to six coaches in each train compared to monorail which only have 2 coaches.

The reason for this case is the LRT have more stations to cover within the Kuala

Lumpur itself while monorail only have 11 stations. This cause the time taken for

monorail to move from the first station to the last one only takes about 5 minutes.

The usage of tickets machine are also maximized as to easy passenger in buying

tickets.


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2.3.3 Fares

A tolerated fares also given to the public transports users. The Deputy Prime

Minister, Tan Sri Muhyiddin Yassin said that government should give discount to

enhance the citizens to use public transport. For an example, KTMB which is the

owner of the KTMprovide a 50% discount for the purchase of weekly tickets, and

free transport for students wearing uniforms, the handicapped, and senior citizens.

As a result, the percentage of people that use public transport increases to 25%,

according to the policy of NKRA (National Key Result Area). Until now, the target stillnot achieved as public transport in Malaysia today not too effective and convenient.


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2.3.4 Problems

All types of train in Malaysia are almost a perfect free-environmental-problem

transport, as it do not produce any CO2 which can cause a depletion of the ozone

layer. It is the best transport ever made in Malaysia, and should be a proud for the

Malaysia citizens (although most countries nowadays use the free-pollutant one).

The only problem is their service. It is too hard for the monorail to be on time

according to the time table that has provided. Some reasons come from the peak

hours cause, as too many people use the public transport at exactly one same time.Hence the delaying of each trip cause the next trip affected.


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2.4 Taxi

A taxi, also known as a cab, is a type of vehicle for hire with a driver, used by

a single passenger or small group of passengers, often for a non-shared ride.

A taxi conveys passengers between locations of their choice. This differs from

other modes of public transport where the pick-up and drop-off locations are

determined by the service provider, not by the passenger. In Kuala Lumpur,

the colour of taxi usually red and white. Picture below show the example of

taxi in Kuala Lumpur.


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Petroleum

Just like others cars, taxis in Kuala Lumpur usually powered by petroleum. A

taxi normally use about 7 to 10 litre of petroleum per day, depending on the

number of passengers it manage to get. Since 2008, the price of the

petroleum in Malaysia keep increasing. Table below show the price of

petroleum in Malaysia from 2008 to 2014 in Ringgit Malaysia (RM)

Taxi driver considered as a low income job in Malaysia.Thus, the increasing of

the price of petroleum leave significant impact to taxi drivers income. Hence,

many of them prefer to use compressed natural gas.(CNG) which is much

cheaper. Table above show the cost comparison between petrol andNGV/CNG


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COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS

In Malaysia, the use of compressed natural gas was originally introduced for

taxicabs and airport limousines during the late-1990s, when new taxis were

launched with NGV engines while taxicab operators were encouraged to send

in existing taxis for full engine conversions, reducing their costs of operation.

Any vehicle converted to use CNG is labelled with white rhombus "NGV"

(Natural Gas Vehicle) tags, lending to the common use of "NGV" when

referring to road vehicles with CNG engine. Petronas, Malaysia's state-owned

oil company, monopolises the provision of CNG. As of July 2014, Petronas

only operates about 150 CNG refuelling stations, most of which are

concentrated in the Kuala Lumpur. At the same time, another 50 was

expected by the end of 2014.

As fuel subsidies were gradually removed in Malaysia starting June 5, 2008,

the subsequent 41% price hike on petrol and diesel led to a 500% increase in

the number of new CNG tanks installed. National car maker Proton

considered fitting its Waja, Saga and Persona models with CNG kits from

Prins Autogassystemen, while a local distributor of locally assembled Hyundai

cars offers new models with CNG kits. Conversion centres, which also

benefited from the rush for lower running costs, also perform partial

conversions to existing road vehicles, mostly taxi, allowing them to run on

both petrol or diesel and CNG with a cost varying between RM3,500 to

RM5,000 for passenger cars.


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To make the use of taxi is possible, the government need to provide the

infrastructure such as the traffic system and road. This is not a big problem for

the government as this infrastructure are shared with other road users. In

Kuala Lumpur, taxi normally take it passenger from bus stand, which is

shared with bus. Stands are normally located at high-traffic locations such as

airports, hotel driveways, railway stations, shopping centres, and major street

intersections. Usually stands are marked by simple painted signs. Standsgenerally work as a first-come, first-served queue, so that the first taxi to

arrive on the stand (the one at the front of the line) serves the first passenger

to arrive, and as the first taxi leaves, each taxi behind it moves ahead one

spot, with the last taxi to arrive taking the last spot. For the taxi that using

CNG as it source of energy, the government, through Petronas, has provide

about 150 CNG refuelling stations.

One of the CNG refuelling stations in Kuala Lumpur


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2.4.3 Fare

On a taxi roof, there is this sign with the word "bermeter", which means metered

taxi.It is suggested to avoid taxis refusing to use the meter at all costs, regardless of

traffic conditions or inclement weather (which may mean a heavy tropical downpour,

causing flash floods in some low-lying streets).There have been many incidents of

taxi drivers charging extravagant fares, especially among tourists, therefore, tourists

are advised to travel with taxis who charge fare according to meters. Always insist on

the use of meters. KL metered fare system is RM3.00 for the first 1 km and RM0.87for every 1km after that. Should a taxi be called by phone there is a surcharge of

RM2.00, and also surcharge of RM1.00 per piece for extra luggage. If a cabbie uses

an expressway, there'll be toll charges and this is paid by the passenger


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2.4.4 Problem

Air Pollution

Air pollution in Kuala Lumpur is a serious problem as Kuala Lumpur has really poor

air quality. The major reason leading to pollution in Kuala Lumpur is caused by

burning fossil fuels. A lot of transport is used through an entire day in Kuala Lumpur

leading out car emissions, causing air pollution. Like other car, when taxi engine is

running, several different types of gasses and particles are emitted that can have

bad effects on the environment. Of particular concern to the environment are carbon

dioxide, a greenhouse gas, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides and tiny particles of solids,such as metal and soot. Other emissions that affect human health are ozone and

carbon monoxide.


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3 STAKE HOLDERS

3.1 Government, People And Environment

In fact a huger rapid in the economy, lead to increase the rate of vehicles per capita

in Malaysia and its contributing to increase the effect to the people and the

environment. There are many factors contributed by way or others to increase the

effect of public transport to humans and the environment. As for the environment, the

increase of noise and air pollution can be from both taxis and buses as both emit

unhealthy smoke while noise pollution from train. It can be seen that it becomes

major problems for the physical health of the people. In addition, in the developing

industries producing these public transport make it even worst. Therefore, the

government take alternative to build train to reduce the air pollution and increase

satisfaction of people surrounding.

http://www.thestar.com.my/News/Nation/2014/08/05/Air-quality-moderate-to-good/

Also, the government DBKL (Kuala Lumpur City Hall) took their responsibility to

check the environment and health issues.
http://www.thestar.com.my/News/Nation/2014/08/05/Air-quality-moderate-to-good/http://www.thestar.com.my/News/Nation/2014/08/05/Air-quality-moderate-to-good/http://www.thestar.com.my/News/Nation/2014/08/05/Air-quality-moderate-to-good/


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http://www.thestar.com.my/News/Community/2014/08/23/City-folks-health-is-her-

chief-concern-DBKL-Health-and-Environment-director-shares-the-departments/

Although these public transport cause bad effect to environment, there is benefit

from them. Increasing number of public transport lead increasing of job vacancy to

habitant surrounding from drivers to manager of public transports company. Also, its

easier for students and workers to go to institutions and offices as the operating

hours start at 6.00am and most of those place near to public transports stop.

http://www.myrapid.com.my/rail/operating-hours

http://www.myrapid.com.my/bus/operating-hours

Habitants also choose these public transport because of the frecuency of public

transport. They only have to wait for buses and train for minimum 3 minutes.

http://www.myrapid.com.my/rail/train-frequency

Before, many habitants choose to go with their own private transport than public

transport because of a lot of problems. One of them is the connectivity of station.

The passengers need to walk minutes to change direction or station.

I am aware that the concept of integrated public transport has been talked about for

a long time.

Our previous problem with integration was because each system was developed in

silos. There was no connectivity, said SPAD chairman, Tan Sri Syed Hamid Albar at
http://www.thestar.com.my/News/Community/2014/08/23/City-folks-health-is-her-chief-concern-DBKL-Health-and-Environment-director-shares-the-departments/http://www.thestar.com.my/News/Community/2014/08/23/City-folks-health-is-her-chief-concern-DBKL-Health-and-Environment-director-shares-the-departments/http://www.thestar.com.my/News/Community/2014/08/23/City-folks-health-is-her-chief-concern-DBKL-Health-and-Environment-director-shares-the-departments/http://www.myrapid.com.my/rail/operating-hourshttp://www.myrapid.com.my/rail/operating-hourshttp://www.myrapid.com.my/bus/operating-hourshttp://www.myrapid.com.my/bus/operating-hourshttp://www.myrapid.com.my/rail/train-frequencyhttp://www.myrapid.com.my/rail/train-frequencyhttp://www.myrapid.com.my/rail/train-frequencyhttp://www.myrapid.com.my/bus/operating-hourshttp://www.myrapid.com.my/rail/operating-hourshttp://www.thestar.com.my/News/Community/2014/08/23/City-folks-health-is-her-chief-concern-DBKL-Health-and-Environment-director-shares-the-departments/http://www.thestar.com.my/News/Community/2014/08/23/City-folks-health-is-her-chief-concern-DBKL-Health-and-Environment-director-shares-the-departments/


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the conclusion of the Second New Urbanism and Smart Transport Conference 2013

held in Kuala Lumpur.

TheStar, Monday January 20, 2014 MYT 12:00:00 AM

Syed Hamid assures that all aspects of integration will be taken care of, though

sceptics say they will have to see the final product before being convinced.

While the engineers are working hard to solve the physical connectivity challenges,

what is happening in terms of ticketing integration is not so clear at the moment.

Much of it hinges on whether all the public transport operators would be willing to

accept a single transit card and cashless ticketing as well as give a slight discount to

those using the transit card versus those who buy single-journey tickets using cash.

http://www.thestar.com.my/Lifestyle/Features/2014/01/20/Integration-is-the-key-to-

public-transport/
http://www.thestar.com.my/Lifestyle/Features/2014/01/20/Integration-is-the-key-to-public-transport/http://www.thestar.com.my/Lifestyle/Features/2014/01/20/Integration-is-the-key-to-public-transport/http://www.thestar.com.my/Lifestyle/Features/2014/01/20/Integration-is-the-key-to-public-transport/http://www.thestar.com.my/Lifestyle/Features/2014/01/20/Integration-is-the-key-to-public-transport/http://www.thestar.com.my/Lifestyle/Features/2014/01/20/Integration-is-the-key-to-public-transport/


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3.2 Police

The police of Kuala Lumpur is one of the stack holders especially the traffic police.

During working days, the traffic jam in Kuala Lumpur are very extreme. It can last for

hours. Its up to this traffic police to reduce and handle the mad drivers during this

traffic jam. The police are also the ones who responsible to make the road safe. As

the vehicles are increasing, the accident happens in Kuala Lumpur also increasing.

Below shows the statistics of accidents that happen in Kuala Lumpur:

Hence the police is asking for the peoples to use the public transportation so that the

numbers of vehicles on the road are lesser. They also wants the drivers of the public

transportations to drive safer and the transport itself follows the law in Malaysia. The

link below shows a statement from the newspaper stating that the police are advising

the drivers to drive safely during the vacation as there are 1.5 million people are

travelling at that time.http://www.nst.com.my/node/17714
http://www.nst.com.my/node/17714http://www.nst.com.my/node/17714http://www.nst.com.my/node/17714http://www.nst.com.my/node/17714


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3.3 Council of Users

The council of users in Kuala Lumpur (KPNDKK) are the councils that care for the

users of Malaysia in all aspect. They control the price of products by advising the

government and receive comments from the people to bring it up to the government.

KPNDKK asks the government and the bus and trains council to lowers the price of

fare as it is a little bit burden for the people to use the public transportations on daily

basis. To lowers the price of the fares, KPNDKK monitors the price of diesel and

investigate abusive usage of the diesel. KPNDKK also investigate if they are case ofdiesel stealing in Malaysia. Below shows an article from a newspaper named New

Straits Time:

The KPDNKK clearly wants that the people use the diesel subsidies that given by the

government are use with much responsibility so that the diesel are enough for

everyone and it prices are as low as possible.


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3.4 Drivers

The drivers are the one responsible to take care of their respective public

transports. They also the ones that have to care for the users satisfaction while they

are using the public transports. But nowadays its very difficult to keep the customers

satisfy as the traffic jam are getting worse by days especially for the bus and taxi

drivers. The facilities on the road for the bus and taxi are quite few as there is no an

only bus-taxi lane like in Barcelona. This makes the bus and taxi also stuck in the

traffic jam. This makes the users unsatisfied for the users as its takes a long time justto get to a near place. The council of bus driver are asking for the government to

make bus-taxi only lane in Kuala Lumpur to make travelling faster. They are also

very few safety features for the bus drivers to avoid burglar and murderers. Recently

many bus drivers were killed in the bus by burglars. The bus drivers asks the

manufacturer of bus to add more safety features on the bus to avoid these kind of

things. Below shows an article about this incident:


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3.5 Tourists

The tourists from other countries praised the Malaysias public transportation

services. This is because most of the drivers speaks English fluently. This makes the

tourist to travel easier and can communicate easier. They are also many public

transportations that are direct and easy to go to the place of attractions for the

tourists. This is because the Malaysia government really focus in the tourism sector

as there many place of attractions in Malaysia especially in Kuala Lumpur. Below

shows the statistics of the number of tourist that come to Malaysia since 1998 to

2013:


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3.6 Immigrant

Many people from outside Kuala Lumpur travel to the city every day, normally for

work as the city provide huge jobs opportunity. Many of them want to use public

transport, such as bus instead of private transport as the cost is much lower.

Unfortunately, there are some problem with the bus service. For example, bus in

Kuala Lumpur do not have its own lane. Hence, bus, like other private transport

always trapped in traffic jam. Other problem is the bus do not follow the schedule

and always late. So, the passengers would be late for their job.

3.7 Handicapped People

In Kuala Lumpur, the public transport facility for handicapped people is considered

as poor. Most of the people with disability usually using wheelchair. But, most of the

public transport do not wheelchair friendly. It cant be deny that there is some work

been taken out by some companies who prepare facilities that is user friendly for

OKU. For example, Syarikat Prasarana Negara Bhd (Prasarana) group had

purchased 150 buses from Germany that are designed to enable people with

disabilities to board and disembark without having to be assisted.

http://globalaccessibilitynews.com/2011/09/20/prasarana-introduces-accessible-

buses-people-with-disabilities-in-kuala-lumpur/

If we look carefully, the public transport that needed by OKU is transport that could

send them door by door, which is taxi service. However, taxi in Kuala Lumpur in not

Oku friendly. Although there is still some taxi driver which really takes care of that

customer with wheel chair, but how many are they? Sometimes the problem occurs

is not because the humanity of them, but because of the taxi that they drive cant

take customer with wheel chair.
http://globalaccessibilitynews.com/2011/09/20/prasarana-introduces-accessible-buses-people-with-disabilities-in-kuala-lumpur/http://globalaccessibilitynews.com/2011/09/20/prasarana-introduces-accessible-buses-people-with-disabilities-in-kuala-lumpur/http://globalaccessibilitynews.com/2011/09/20/prasarana-introduces-accessible-buses-people-with-disabilities-in-kuala-lumpur/http://globalaccessibilitynews.com/2011/09/20/prasarana-introduces-accessible-buses-people-with-disabilities-in-kuala-lumpur/http://globalaccessibilitynews.com/2011/09/20/prasarana-introduces-accessible-buses-people-with-disabilities-in-kuala-lumpur/


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There is increasing taxi service in our country. Those cars have been made into taxi

with just increase fees which is not that high which they said for the comfortable of

customer. However, does it include the type of taxi that could take wheel chair?

The problem to solve by taxi to take customer with wheel chair could be see in this

website, or YouTube.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x09ohimNZV0(The video showed is just an

acting).

Below is the explanation of that problem:

1. The attitude of taxi driver feel that customer with wheelchair is very troublesome

and will slow it down. It may because the taxi driver were in a hurry because the

fastest they move, the more customer they get.

2. Attitude of driver which feels that customer with wheelchair is very complicated.

OKUs wheelchair really needs others to put in the wheelchair in the car after they go

into the car. However, the driver feel that the customer just bring problem for them.

Government encourages transport companies to provide fare discount to people with

disabilities. Up to now there are several transportation companies have an incentive

to transport the disabled. Among Malaysian Airline System provides up to 50%

cheaper fares for domestic flights, Malayan Railway provides concessional fares by

up to 50% of all trips for all classes, bus company transnational give concessions

50% of the fare and Putra-LRT also has a concession fare to the disabled.

http://www.myrapid.com.my/tickets-fares/concession-cards
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x09ohimNZV0%20http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x09ohimNZV0%20http://www.myrapid.com.my/tickets-fares/concession-cardshttp://www.myrapid.com.my/tickets-fares/concession-cardshttp://www.myrapid.com.my/tickets-fares/concession-cardshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x09ohimNZV0%20


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